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Characterization of Weapons Used in Stab Attacks – Phase II: Surrogate Development, Final Report

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Characterization of Weapons Used in Stab Attacks – Phase II: Surrogate Development, Final Report The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Characterization of Weapons Used in Stab Attacks – Phase II: Surrogate Development, Final Report Author(s): Nicholas Shewchenko, Doug Baines Document No.: 249551 Date Received: December 2015 Award Number: 2011-DE-BX-K003 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this federally funded grant report available electronically. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Characterization of Weapons Used in Stab Attacks – Phase II: Surrogate Development FINAL REPORT Report No.: R13-11 Date: 2014-03-27 Status: Commerical in Confidence Prepared for: Cynthia Bir Wayne State University Nicholas Rowley 818 W Hancock Detroit, MI 48202 Authors: Nicholas Shewchenko Biokinetics and Associates Ltd. Doug Baines 2470 Don Reid Drive Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 1E1 Canada www.biokinetics.com © Biokinetics and Associates Ltd. (2014) Biokinetics accepts responsibility for the technical validity of the contents. Approval or endorsement of the contents or opinions is not implied. (this page intentionally left blank) This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Prepared by: Nicholas Shewchenko Approved by: Nicholas Shewchenko Distributed to: Dr. J.M. Cavanaugh 2014-03-27 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. (this page intentionally left blank) This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Preface This report constitutes the final deliverable for the program titled “Characterization of Weapons used in Stab/Slash Attacks”. This version of the report summarizes Phases I, II and III activities related to developing an initial taxonomy for classifying threats found in correctional and law enforcement environments, development of exemplar threats derived from the classified threats, and finally, the validation and performance characterization of the exemplars. © Biokinetics (2014) R13-11 Char of Weapons Stab - Ph II V36.docx / March 27, 2014 / Page i This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. (this page intentionally left blank) © Biokinetics (2014) R13-11 Char of Weapons Stab - Ph II V36.docx / March 27, 2014 / Page ii This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Weapons ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Weapon Usage ............................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Weapon Construction .................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Weapon Attributes and Characterization ..................................................................... 5 1.6 Weapon Interactions .................................................................................................... 7 2. Weapon Database and Survey ................................................................................................ 9 2.1 Weapon Survey ........................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Weapon Database Development ............................................................................... 10 2.3 Database Entry Guidelines ........................................................................................ 13 3. Taxonomy Development ........................................................................................................ 14 3.1 Objective .................................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Initial Weapon Classes – Improvised vs. Commercial ............................................... 14 3.3 Taxonomy Objectives ................................................................................................ 15 3.4 Taxonomy Methods ................................................................................................... 15 3.5 Weapon Typology ...................................................................................................... 16 3.6 Descriptive Taxonomy Results .................................................................................. 24 4. Weapon Down-Selection ........................................................................................................ 26 5. Taxonomy – Performance Based ........................................................................................... 27 5.1 Weapon Characterization Requirements ................................................................... 27 5.2 Tip Sharpness Test Methodology .............................................................................. 27 5.3 Edge Sharpness ........................................................................................................ 28 5.4 Weapon Hardness ..................................................................................................... 29 5.4.1 Background .................................................................................................. 29 5.4.2 Methods ........................................................................................................ 29 5.4.3 Results .......................................................................................................... 30 5.5 Push-through Tests .................................................................................................... 30 5.5.1 Background .................................................................................................. 30 5.5.2 Methods ........................................................................................................ 31 5.5.3 Results .......................................................................................................... 32 6. Exemplar Weapon Development ............................................................................................ 35 6.1 Basis for Exemplars ................................................................................................... 35 6.2 Geometry ................................................................................................................... 35 6.3 Buckling Modes .......................................................................................................... 37 6.4 Flexural Stiffness ....................................................................................................... 38 6.5 Materials .................................................................................................................... 38 6.6 Exemplar Design ........................................................................................................ 40 7. Exemplar Evaluations ............................................................................................................. 43 7.1 Quasi-Static ............................................................................................................... 43 7.1.1 Methods ........................................................................................................ 43 7.1.2 Results .......................................................................................................... 43 7.2 Dynamic ..................................................................................................................... 45 7.2.1 Methods ........................................................................................................ 46 7.2.2 Results .......................................................................................................... 46 8. Summary and Recommendations .......................................................................................... 49 9. Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................
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