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Neuroscience and Critique
NEUROSCIENCE AND CRITIQUE Recent years have seen a rapid growth in neuroscientific research, and an expansion beyond basic research to incorporate elements of the arts, humanities and social sciences. Some have suggested that the neurosciences will bring about major transformations in the understand- ing of our selves, our culture and our society. Ongoing debates within psychology, philoso- phy and literature about the implications of these developments within the neurosciences, and the emerging fields of educational neuroscience, neuroeconomics and neuro-aesthetics also bear witness to a “neurological turn” which is currently taking place. Neuroscience and Critique is a groundbreaking edited collection that reflects on the impact of neuroscience in contemporary social science and the humanities. It is the first book to consider possibilities for a critique of the theories, practices and implications of contemporary neuroscience. Bringing together leading scholars from several disciplines, the contributors draw upon a range of perspectives, including cognitive neuroscience, critical philosophy, psychoanalysis and feminism, and also critically examine several key ideas in contemporary neuroscience, including: • The idea of “neural personhood” • Theories of emotion in affective neuroscience • Empathy, intersubjectivity and the notion of “embodied simulation” • The concept of an “emo-rational” actor within neuroeconomics The volume will stimulate further debate in the emerging field of interdisciplinary studies in neuroscience and will appeal to researchers and advanced students in a number of disciplines, including psychology, philosophy and critical studies. Jan De Vos is a post-doctoral FWO Research Fellow at the Centre for Critical Philosophy at Ghent University, Belgium. His main research area is that of the neurological turn and its implications for ideology critique. -
The Literacy Practices of Feminist Consciousness- Raising: an Argument for Remembering and Recitation
LEUSCHEN, KATHLEEN T., Ph.D. The Literacy Practices of Feminist Consciousness- Raising: An Argument for Remembering and Recitation. (2016) Directed by Dr. Nancy Myers. 169 pp. Protesting the 1968 Miss America Pageant in Atlantic City, NJ, second-wave feminists targeted racism, militarism, excessive consumerism, and sexism. Yet nearly fifty years after this protest, popular memory recalls these activists as bra-burners— employing a widespread, derogatory image of feminist activists as trivial and laughably misguided. Contemporary academics, too, have critiqued second-wave feminism as a largely white, middle-class, and essentialist movement, dismissing second-wave practices in favor of more recent, more “progressive” waves of feminism. Following recent rhetorical scholarly investigations into public acts of remembering and forgetting, my dissertation project contests the derogatory characterizations of second-wave feminist activism. I use archival research on consciousness-raising groups to challenge the pejorative representations of these activists within academic and popular memory, and ultimately, to critique telic narratives of feminist progress. In my dissertation, I analyze a rich collection of archival documents— promotional materials, consciousness-raising guidelines, photographs, newsletters, and reflective essays—to demonstrate that consciousness-raising groups were collectives of women engaging in literacy practices—reading, writing, speaking, and listening—to make personal and political material and discursive change, between and across differences among women. As I demonstrate, consciousness-raising, the central practice of second-wave feminism across the 1960s and 1970s, developed out of a collective rhetorical theory that not only linked personal identity to political discourses, but also 1 linked the emotional to the rational in the production of knowledge. -
Program Final (Sept 17, 2012)
Program Final (Sept 17, 2012) Where not otherwise indicated, the chair of the session is the final speaker. Session 1 - Thurs 1:30pm - 3pm Session 1 (D) Frontier 202A Disease and Subjectivity M.K. Nixon. Keep Bleeding: Hemorrhagic Sores, Trade, and the Necessity of Leaky Boundaries in Defoe’s Journal of the Plague Year This paper considers the way in which nonhuman contagious disease is crucial in shaping human subjectivity. To this end, this essay probes notions of two boundaries that are both political and personal—the border between the national subject and the international other, and the boundary between the self and all that lies outside of it—in a consideration of Daniel Defoe’s 1722 text, A Journal of the Plague Year. Operating from the notion that the personal is indeed political, this essay asserts that these two borders are largely intertwined, particularly when considering infectious diseases. By way of examining attitudes towards national and personal boundaries, this paper focuses in large part on Defoe’s representation of the eponymous buboes of the bubonic plague, juxtaposing and exploring his depiction of suppurated and calcified bubonic sores as metonymic signifiers of both personal and national boundaries that are transgressed or fortified, respectively. Examination of Defoe’s illustration of bubonic sores shows that Defoe depicted the Great Plague of 1665 in ways that I assert were thoroughly influenced by his conceptualization of international trade—a conceptualization which resisted the nationalistic xenophobia typical of his day and instead embraced a type of individualistic mercantilism. Defoe’s views on economics and trade, then, influenced his understanding of the Great Plague and cycled back to result in a view of man and nation that advocates permeable boundaries even in response to the hugely threatening potential of a complete breakdown of self- and nation-constituting borders. -
Critical Neuroscience
Choudhury_bindex.indd 391 7/22/2011 4:08:46 AM Critical Neuroscience Choudhury_ffirs.indd i 7/22/2011 4:37:11 AM Choudhury_ffirs.indd ii 7/22/2011 4:37:11 AM Critical Neuroscience A Handbook of the Social and Cultural Contexts of Neuroscience Edited by Suparna Choudhury and Jan Slaby A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Choudhury_ffirs.indd iii 7/22/2011 4:37:11 AM This edition first published 2012 © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of Suparna Choudhury and Jan Slaby to be identified as the authors of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. -
Wedlock Or Deadlock? : Feminists' Attemps to Engage Irrigation
Wedlock or deadlock? Feminists’ attempts to engage irrigation engineers Promotor: Prof. Linden F. Vincent, hoogleraar in Irrigatie en waterbouwkunde Wageningen Universiteit Samenstelling promotiecommissie: Prof. Dr. Patricia Howards, Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. Pieter van der Zaag, IHE-UNESCO, Delft Prof. Dr. Cecile Jackson, University of East-Anglia, Norwich, UK Dr. Loes Schenk-Sandbergen, Universiteit van Amsterdam Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoeksschool CERES Wedlock or deadlock? Feminists’ attempts to engage irrigation engineers Margreet Z. Zwarteveen Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. Dr. M. J. Kropff, in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 6 juni 2006 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula WEDLOCK OR DEADLOCK? FEMINISTS’ ATTEMPTS TO ENGAGE IRRIGATION ENGINEERS. Wageningen UR. Promotor: Vincent, L.F. Wageningen: Margreet Z. Zwarteveen, 2006. – p. 304. ISBN: 90-8504-398-0 Copyright © 2006, by Margreet Z. Zwarteveen, The Netherlands Contents Tables and figures ............................................................................................................9 Acronyms..........................................................................................................................10 Glossary............................................................................................................................11 Acknowledgments..........................................................................................................13 -
Neuroscience and Sex/Gender
Neuroethics (2012) 5:211–215 DOI 10.1007/s12152-012-9165-5 EDITORIAL NOTE Neuroscience and Sex/Gender Isabelle Dussauge & Anelis Kaiser Received: 4 September 2012 /Accepted: 13 September 2012 /Published online: 2 October 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012 This special issue publishes interdisciplinary scholar- hosts very different epistemological approaches, a ship which aims to map and re-imagine the relations common knowledge of neuroscience and gender between neuroscience and gender studies. studies was a prerequisite for the group’stheoret- ical and methodological exchange. The participants lively debated crucial issues, from current research neuroGenderings: The Network on sex/gender difference in neuropsychology, through the implications of notions of sex/gender, The authors of the present special issue were all par- gender identity and sexuality used in neuroscien- ticipants in the workshop neuroGenderings: Critical tific experimentation, to the social workings of a Studies of the Sexed Brain (Uppsala, 2010). Then co- sexed/gendered brain. organizers, now guest editors, we work in gender More precisely, the neuroGenderings workshop studies, neuroscience, and science and technology achieved an impressive first mapping of the research studies. In 2010, we did not know for a fact that the on sex/gender in neurosciences and the methodological neuroGenderings initiative would grow and develop frames used in those sciences. We discussed, for in- into an international network and conference series. stance, the role assigned to “sexed” regions of the brain, Now we know. by analyzing the relevance of the notion of sexual di- In neuroGenderings, a transdisciplinary and inter- morphism, itself a system of significance that is always national group of researchers from the neurosciences, and solely framed by neuro-logical sexual dichotomy. -
Environment, Culture, and the Brain New Explorations in Neurohistory
Perspectives Environment, Culture, and the Brain New Explorations in Neurohistory Edited by EDMUND RUSSELL 2012 / 6 RCC Perspectives Environment, Culture, and the Brain New Explorations in Neurohistory Edited by Edmund Russell 2012 / 6 Environment, Culture, and the Brain 3 About the Authors Peter Becker teaches modern history at the University of Vienna. His main research interests are in the history of public administration, criminology, and policing. More recently he has embarked on a research project on the recurrence of biological think- ing in social research and social policy with a focus on the role of neurosciences in public discourse. Benedikt Berninger is an associate professor of physiological chemistry at the Johan- nes Gutenberg University Mainz. His research in neurobiology focuses on forcing fate conversion of somatic cells into neurons by a process called “reprogramming.” The essay “Causality and the Brain” in this volume was inspired by his interest in history and philosophy of history. Kirsten Brukamp is a research fellow in theoretical medicine at RWTH Aachen Uni- versity. She specializes in bioethics and neuroethics and holds degrees in medicine, philosophy, and cognitive science. Carlos Collado Seidel is a professor of modern and contemporary history at the Uni- versity of Marburg. His main research fields are comparative European history and the contemporary history of Spain. Together with Karin Meissner, he is currently working on a research project on neurological processes during decision-making in politics and diplomacy. Steve Fuller is Auguste Comte Professor of Social Epistemology in the Department of Sociology at the University of Warwick, UK. Originally trained in history and philosophy of science, he is closely associated with the field of “social epistemology,” which is also the name of a quarterly journal he founded in 1987. -
Violence on the Brain: a Critique of Neuroscience in Criminal Law
VIOLENCE ON THE BRAIN: A CRITIQUE OF NEUROSCIENCE IN CRIMINAL LAW Amanda C. Pustilnik* Is there such a thing as a criminally "violent brain"? Does it make sense to speak of "the neurobiology of violence" or the "psychopathology of crime"? Is it possible to answer on a physiological level what makes one person engage in criminal violence and another not, under similar circumstances? Current research in law and neuroscience is promising to answer these questions with a "yes." Some legal scholars working in this area claim that we are close to realizing the "early criminologists' dream of identifying the biological roots of criminality." These hopes for a neuroscientific transformation of the criminal law, although based in the newest research, are part of a very old story. Criminal law and neuroscience have been engaged in an ill-fated and sometimes tragic affair for over two hundred years. Three issues have recurred that track those that bedeviled earlierefforts to ground criminal law in brain sciences. First is the claim that the brain is often the most relevant or fundamental level at which to understand criminal conduct. Second is that the various phenomena we call "criminal violence" arise causally from dysfunction within specific locations in the brain ("localization"). Third is the related claim that, because much violent criminality arises from brain dysfunction, people who commit such acts are biologically different from typical people ("alterity"or "otherizing"). This Article first demonstrates parallels between certain current claims about the neurobiology of criminal violence and past movements that were concerned with the law and * Climenko Fellow & Lecturer on Law, Harvard Law School. -
Feminism & Philosophy Vol.5 No.1
APA Newsletters Volume 05, Number 1 Fall 2005 NEWSLETTER ON FEMINISM AND PHILOSOPHY FROM THE EDITOR, SALLY J. SCHOLZ NEWS FROM THE COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN, ROSEMARIE TONG ARTICLES MARILYN FISCHER “Feminism and the Art of Interpretation: Or, Reading the First Wave to Think about the Second and Third Waves” JENNIFER PURVIS “A ‘Time’ for Change: Negotiating the Space of a Third Wave Political Moment” LAURIE CALHOUN “Feminism is a Humanism” LOUISE ANTONY “When is Philosophy Feminist?” ANN FERGUSON “Is Feminist Philosophy Still Philosophy?” OFELIA SCHUTTE “Feminist Ethics and Transnational Injustice: Two Methodological Suggestions” JEFFREY A. GAUTHIER “Feminism and Philosophy: Getting It and Getting It Right” SARA BEARDSWORTH “A French Feminism” © 2005 by The American Philosophical Association ISSN: 1067-9464 BOOK REVIEWS Robin Fiore and Hilde Lindemann Nelson: Recognition, Responsibility, and Rights: Feminist Ethics and Social Theory REVIEWED BY CHRISTINE M. KOGGEL Diana Tietjens Meyers: Being Yourself: Essays on Identity, Action, and Social Life REVIEWED BY CHERYL L. HUGHES Beth Kiyoko Jamieson: Real Choices: Feminism, Freedom, and the Limits of the Law REVIEWED BY ZAHRA MEGHANI Alan Soble: The Philosophy of Sex: Contemporary Readings REVIEWED BY KATHRYN J. NORLOCK Penny Florence: Sexed Universals in Contemporary Art REVIEWED BY TANYA M. LOUGHEAD CONTRIBUTORS ANNOUNCEMENTS APA NEWSLETTER ON Feminism and Philosophy Sally J. Scholz, Editor Fall 2005 Volume 05, Number 1 objective claims, Beardsworth demonstrates Kristeva’s ROM THE DITOR “maternal feminine” as “an experience that binds experience F E to experience” and refuses to be “turned into an abstraction.” Both reconfigure the ground of moral theory by highlighting the cultural bias or particularity encompassed in claims of Feminism, like philosophy, can be done in a variety of different objectivity or universality. -
9780295744117.Pdf (3.082Mb)
Feminist Technosciences Rebecca Herzig and Banu Subramaniam, Series Editors 1r.Roy, Molecular Feminisms.indd 1 1/28/19 1:10 PM 1r.Roy, Molecular Feminisms.indd 2 1/28/19 1:10 PM Molecular Feminisms BIOLOGY, BECOMINGS, AND LIFE IN THE LAB DEBOLEENA ROY University of Washington Press Seattle 1r.Roy, Molecular Feminisms.indd 3 1/28/19 1:10 PM Publication of this open monograph was the result of Emory University’s participa- tion in TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem), a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries. TOME aims to expand the reach of long-form humanities and social science scholarship including digital scholarship. Additionally, the program looks to ensure the sustainability of university press monograph pub- lishing by supporting the highest quality scholarship and promoting a new ecology of scholarly publishing in which authors’ institutions bear the publication costs. Funding from Emory University and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation made it possible to open this publication to the world. www.openmonographs.org Copyright © 2018 by Deboleena Roy Printed and bound in the United States of America Interior design by Thomas Eykemans Composed in Chaparral, typeface designed by Carol Twombly Cover design by Katrina Noble Cover photograph by Kheyal Roy-Meighoo and Koan Roy-Meighoo 22 21 20 19 5 4 3 2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. -
Presentations Introduction Recent Feminist De
Beyond the Generational Line: An Exploration of Feminist Online Sites and Self-(Re)presentations Yi-lin Yu National Ilan University, Taiwan Abstract This article deals with the feminist generation issue by tracing the transition from generational to non-generational thinking in recent feminist discourse on third-wave feminism. Informed by certain feminist recommendations of affording alternative paradigms in place of the oceanic wave metaphor to describe the rela- tionships between different feminists, this study offers the insights gained from an investigation with three feminist online sites, The F Word, Eminism, and Guerrilla Girls, in which these online feminists have participated in building up a third wave consciousness or a third space site through their engagement in (re)presenting their feminist selves and identities. In developing a both/and third wave con- sciousness, these online feminists have bypassed the dualistic understanding of sec- ond and third wave feminism and reached a cross-generational commonality of adhering to feminist ideology and coalition in cyberspace as a third space. Through a content analysis of their online feminist self-(re)presentations, this pa- per concludes by arguing that they have not only reformulated the concept of third wave feminism but also worked toward a new configuration of third space narratives and subjectivities that sheds light on contemporary feminist thinking about feminist genealogy and history. Key words third-wave feminism, feminist generation, feminist online sites, self-(re)presentation Introduction Recent feminist development of third-wave discourses has been bom- barded with a conundrum regarding generational debates. Although 54 ❙ Yi-lin Yu some feminist scholars are preoccupied with using familial metaphors to depict different feminist generations, others have called forth a rethink- ing of the topic in non-generational terms. -
Investigating the Existence, Cognitive Attributes and Potential Pathological Consequences of the Extreme Female Brain
INVESTIGATING THE EXISTENCE, COGNITIVE ATTRIBUTES AND POTENTIAL PATHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE EXTREME FEMALE BRAIN Sarah Louise JONES Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Division of Psychology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Bradford 2 0 1 6 Abstract INVESTIGATING THE EXISTENCE, COGNITIVE ATTRIBUTES AND POTENTIAL PATHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE EXTREME FEMALE BRAIN Sarah Louise Jones Key words: extreme female brain, empathising, systemising, sex differences, autism, schizophrenia, memory, cognition, gene imprinting, paranoid ideation The ‘extreme female brain’ (EFB) is derived from the empathising - systemising theory (E-S) which hypothesises that sex differences in cognition exist on a continuum, based on abilities in ‘empathising’ and ‘systemising’ (Baron-Cohen, 2003). The EFB profile; extreme empathising alongside deficient systemising, has received little attention in social cognitive neuroscience research, compared to the extreme male brain, which has advanced the knowledge of sex differences in the expression of autism. Currently, there is no solid evidence of a clinical pathology relating to the EFB nor a marker of cognition associated with a person’s ‘place’ on the E-S continuum. Here, an episodic memory paradigm with social and non-social conditions was given to participants along with measures of empathising and systemising. Scores on the social condition predicted where a person lies on the E-S continuum. The thesis then investigated the hypothesis that schizophrenia is expressed in the feminised profile (Badcock & Crepsi, 2006) i and the presumption that empathising and systemising demonstrate a trade off. Elements of paranoia were associated with an empathising bias. However, a bias in systemising ability was associated with schizotypy along with a significant overlap in the expression of autistic traits and schizotypy.