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1472818037.Pdf AGRADECIMENTOS À população do concelho de Angra do Heroísmo e da freguesia dos Biscoitos, bem como produtores frutícolas que cederam acesso às suas propriedades para a realização destes trabalhos. À FRUTER, em especial aos seus técnicos pelo seu envolvimento nestes trabalhos e aos seus produtores frutícolas que cederam acesso às suas propriedades para a realização deste trabalho. À Secretaria Regional de Agricultura e Ambiente, Direção Regional de Agricultura e aos Serviços Desenvolvimento Agrária da Ilha Terceira e de São Jorge pelo envolvimento dos seus técnicos neste trabalho e pela disponibilidade de condutor e veículo que permitiu a para a realização de muitos destes trabalhos. A Secretaria Regional de Agricultura e Ambiente, Direção Regional de Agricultura que apoiou financeiramente a testagem das armadilhas de esterilização ADRESS na ilha Terceira e na ilha de S. Jorge através do projeto ADRESS. Os trabalhos de investigação de estudo da dinâmica populacional e testagem de novas técnicas de controlo/limitação para a Ceratitis capitata contaram com o apoio financeiro do programa de Cooperação Transnacional MAC 2007-2013 no âmbito do projeto CabMedMac (MAC/3/A163). Os trabalhos de investigação relativos à modelação contaram com o apoio financeiro da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT - SFRH / BD / 81079 / 2011). Índice NOTAS INTRODUTÓRIAS ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 TRABALHOS JÁ REALIZADOS SOBRE A MOSCA–DO-MEDITERRÂNEO ............................................................ 3 1.2 OBJETIVOS E ATIVIDADES DESENVOLVIDAS NO PROJETO CABMEDMAC .................................................... 4 2 A MOSCA DO MEDITERRÂNEO (CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) NA ILHA TERCEIRA ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 MONITORIZAÇÃO DAS POPULAÇÕES E INFESTAÇÃO DOS FRUTOS ................................................................ 6 2.1.1 Introdução .............................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 Material e métodos ................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Resultados e discussão ........................................................................................................... 8 2.1.4 Conclusões ............................................................................................................................ 12 2.2 A ANÁLISE DE REGRESSÃO GEOGRÁFICA DAS POPULAÇÕES SELVAGENS DE CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN NA ILHA TERCEIRA ........................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Introdução ............................................................................................................................ 14 2.2.2 Material e métodos .............................................................................................................. 15 2.2.3 Resultados e discussão ......................................................................................................... 17 2.2.4 Conclusões ............................................................................................................................ 21 3 A MOSCA DO MEDITERRÂNEO (CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) NA ILHA DE S. JORGE ................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1 MONITORIZAÇÃO DAS POPULAÇÕES ADULTAS DE MOSCA- DO-MEDITERRÂNEO E INFESTAÇÃO DOS FRUTOS ..... 22 3.1.1 Introdução ............................................................................................................................ 22 3.1.2 Material e métodos .............................................................................................................. 22 3.1.3 Resultados e Discussão ........................................................................................................ 25 3.1.4 Conclusões ............................................................................................................................ 30 3.2 A ANÁLISE DE REGRESSÃO GEOGRÁFICA DAS POPULAÇÕES SELVAGENS DE CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN, NA ILHA DE S. JORGE, AÇORES ........................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.1 Introdução ............................................................................................................................ 31 3.2.2 Material e métodos .............................................................................................................. 32 3.2.3 Resultados e Discussão ........................................................................................................ 33 3.2.4 Conclusões ............................................................................................................................ 35 4 ENSAIOS DE DISPERSÃO DE MACHOS ESTERILIZADOS E SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NA DAS POPULAÇÕES DE CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN NOS AÇORES ................................................................................ 36 4.1 INTRODUÇÃO ................................................................................................................................ 36 4.2 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ................................................................................................................... 38 4.3 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO .............................................................................................................. 41 4.4 CONCLUSÕES ................................................................................................................................ 47 5 ENSAIO DE FORMAS ALTERNATIVAS DE COMBATE À MOSCA DO MEDITERRÂNEO ..................... 48 i 5.1 EFEITO DO INSETICIDA LUFENURÃO NO CONTROLO DAS POPULAÇÕES SELVAGENS DE CERATITIS CAPITATA WIEDEMANN, ILHA TERCEIRA, AÇORES ........................................................................................................... 48 5.1.1 Introdução ............................................................................................................................ 48 5.1.2 Material e métodos .............................................................................................................. 49 5.1.3 Resultados e discussão ......................................................................................................... 50 5.1.4 Conclusões ............................................................................................................................ 58 5.2 ENSAIO DAS ARMADILHAS “ATRACK AND KILL” NA ILHA S. JORGE ............................................................ 60 5.2.1 Introdução ............................................................................................................................ 60 5.2.2 Metodologia ......................................................................................................................... 61 5.2.3 Resultados e Discussão ........................................................................................................ 64 5.2.4 Infestação de frutos .............................................................................................................. 67 5.3 CONCLUSÕES ................................................................................................................................ 68 6 A DISSEMINAÇÃO DE BACTROCERA DORSALIS (EX- INVADENS) HENDEL E POSSÍVEIS AÇÕES A SEREM DESENVOLVIDAS PARA IMPEDIR A SUA INTRODUÇÃO NA EUROPA E NOS AÇORES ................ 69 6.1 A DISSEMINAÇÃO DE B. DORSALIS HENDEL.......................................................................................... 69 6.2 FATORES QUE PODEM PROMOVER A SUA INTRODUÇÃO E DISSEMINAÇÃO E MEDIDAS DE CONTINGÊNCIA A IMPLEMENTAR ........................................................................................................................................... 69 6.3 O IMPACTO ECONÓMICO DIRETO E INDIRETO DA PRESENÇA DE BATROCERA DORSALIS HENDEL ...................... 73 6.4 O CASO PARTICULAR DE CABO VERDE ................................................................................................ 74 6.4.1 Implementação de um programa operacional de combate de Bactrocera dorsalis ............ 74 6.4.2 Formação de inspetores fitossanitários e salvaguarda das exportações do País ................ 75 6.4.3 Monitorização de adultos de Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel .................................................... 76 6.4.4 Prospeção de predadores e parasitóides ou testagem de material importado ................... 76 6.4.5 Conclusões e ações já desenvolvidas .................................................................................... 77 7 PRINCIPAIS LINHAS DE ESTUDO A DESENVOLVER NOS AÇORES PARA A C. CAPITATA ................. 79 8 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ................................................................................................... 81 ii Notas introdutórias The Mediterranean fruit fly, the Medfly, is one of the most destructive insect species attacking fruit crops. It spread from central Africa north into the Mediterranean through the trade routes connecting Africa and Europe in the 19th century. The trade that spread the Medfly regularly
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