2013 - 2014 C Contents

the Right Saving lives, now Foreword About Oxfam Gender justice F 1 2 To be heard 3 4 and in the future

Sustainable food Finance for development and access to Fundraising AND INCOME Expenditure Contact us 5 natural resources 6 and essential services 7 8 C

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8: PHOTO © Kimlong Meng | OXFAM C: PHOTO © Aubrey wade | OXFAM 2 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 F Foreword

together again after the devastation. It was a huge victory that the decade- Much of our humanitarian effort long efforts of Oxfam and its many through the year was fraught with partners finally paid off in a new global obstacles, whether in the intractable arms trade treaty. And we scored humanitarian crisis in Syria, or the important progress by challenging the persistent conflict and increasing world’s biggest food companies to do deprivation in South Sudan. From Gaza better – and they are! They have taken and Somalia to Central African Republic Oxfam’s guidance on best practice for and Mali, there were enormous needs gender, climate change, land rights… for our humanitarian operations. That and we will continue to campaign for has, of course, meant that we have more to come. often called on our supporters for the generous donations that allow us to be effective on the ground.

Oxfam is changing the world, and is changing itself. This year we put our new six-year strategic plan into operation, taking The past year – also my first as campaign and lobby for justice; who an Oxfam-wide approach to six areas Executive Director – has been devoted work alongside communities and local of focus that build our capacity to to fighting and winning some important partners to help people in poverty empower people in poverty to shape battles, and to the painstaking to thrive; and who save lives and their own future. We do that within progress that is involved in empowering help rebuild livelihoods after natural communities – often by working with people against poverty. Oxfam’s work catastrophes and war. women’s groups to claim their rights reached 20.7 million people across 96 or to adopt more efficient production countries in 2013/14. When Typhoon Haiyan hit the methods and better ways to sell their Philippines, Oxfam was among the produce and goods. And we do it I am proud of the achievements of first agencies to start emergency on the global stage, by persuading our 10,000 colleagues around the operations, and we are still there, governments, corporations and world world who work with devotion to helping people to put their lives bodies to respect the position of the world’s poorest people.

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All of Oxfam’s work could be summed of Oxfam’s work. It will mean a change up as our outrage at the inequality in of structure and culture, becoming the world. So we wrote a report and more decentralized; more present and ran a successful campaign pointing with more power in the countries of out that a mere 85 billionaires own as the south; more focused on sharing much as the poorest half of the of the knowledge. The self-examination and world’s population. Watch for a lot more foundations laid in the past year will challenge to that inequality in the year sustain the impact of Oxfam well into to come. the future.

But we don’t just challenge others: we have launched a major change process to re-engineer our own organization. In our Oxfam 2020 initiative, we have begun a significant process to become more efficient and sustainable, Winnie Byanyima and especially to underpin our Executive Director Oxfam International legitimacy and credibility by more fully incorporating the global south into the thinking and leadership and at all levels

Above Right: Josephine Alad-Ad (47) lives in Sitio Martinao, Mindanao. As a member of a ‘Women’s Rural Improvement Club’, she is involved in Oxfam’s climate change adaptation project. After several seasons of failed crops, she is now planting fruit and rubber plants. These need less water, and allow her to cultivate, even when the weather is unseasonably dry. PHOTO © Tessa Bunney | OXFAM 4 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Section 1 Section

All of Oxfam’s work is framed by co-ordination and support to the our commitment to five broad confederation. All affiliates share 1 rights-based aims: a single Strategic Plan that provides the shared agenda for all affiliates • the right to a sustainable livelihood to choose the approaches and themes • the right to basic social services of work that will enable them to • the right to life and security achieve the most impact in their • the right to be heard specific contexts. • the right to an identity To ensure delivery of that Plan, all The 17 Oxfam affiliates share a common Oxfam affiliates have committed to vision, common philosophies and, improving the way we work together. By to a large extent, common working 2020 we will: practices. We all have the same Who We Are & What We Do people are heard and can influence the brand values, the same passion and • Become more globally balanced: local and global decisions that affect commitment. We have joined forces bringing people from the north and One person in three in the world lives them. In all we do Oxfam works with as an international confederation south together, in equality, in poverty. Oxfam is determined to partner organizations and alongside because we believe we will achieve including through stronger change that world by mobilizing the vulnerable women and men to end the greater impact by working together in representation, power and influence power of people against poverty. injustices that cause poverty. collaboration with others. from the global South; Around the globe, Oxfam works to find • Strengthen our ability practical, innovative ways for people We are a confederation of 17 Oxfam Oxfam International is registered as a to influence by building and to lift themselves out of poverty and organizations working together in more Foundation in The Hague, Netherlands. sharing knowledge within and thrive. We save lives and help rebuild than 90 countries. Oxfam has more than Each affiliate is a member of the beyond Oxfam; livelihoods when crisis strikes. And we 10,000 staff and nearly 50,000 interns/ Foundation and subscribes to the • Simplify and streamline our ways campaign so that the voices of poor volunteers working across the world. Foundation’s constitution through of working, especially in country an affiliation agreement. The Oxfam programs, diminishing complexity International Secretariat provides while remaining inclusive and open.

Previous Page: Elisabeth Tamara, 10, with Nevado Huascaran - the highest mountain in Peru - in the background. This area of Peru is already affected by glacial retreat. Locals, who depend on melt for their water supplies, say the level of ice and snow on the mountain is retreating. In Utupampa, the community has introduced drip irrigation to help with the efficient use of water in the dry season. PHOTO © Gilvan Barreto | OXFAM 6 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 1 About Oxfam

Around the world, Oxfam mobilizes the power of people against poverty

Oxfam headquarter countries countries where we work 1 About Oxfam

Oxfam Strategic Plan Goal 2 Goal 4 Goal 6 Advancing Gender Justice Sustainable food Financing for development and Between 2013-19, all Oxfam affiliates universal essential services have committed to working to achieve By 2019: More poor and marginalised By 2019: More people who live in rural six ‘External Change Goals’ and six women will claim and advance their poverty will enjoy greater food security, By 2019: There will be higher quality and ‘Enabling Change Goals’, as set out in rights through the engagement income, prosperity and resilience quantity of financial flows that target the Oxfam Strategic Plan ‘The Power of and leadership of women and their through significantly more equitable poverty and inequality, and empower People against Poverty’. This provides organisations; and violence against sustainable food systems. citizens, especially women, to hold the framework for all affiliates’ work in women will be significantly less governments, donors and the private all countries in which Oxfam operates. socially-acceptable and prevalent. Goal 5 sector to account of how revenue is Fair sharing of natural resources raised and spent. More women, men, External Change Goals: Goal 3 girls and boys will exercise their right to 6 Goals to change the World Saving lives, now and in the future By 2019: The world’s most marginalised universal quality health and education people will be significantly more services, making them full participants Goal 1 By 2019: By reducing the impact of prosperous and resilient, despite rising in their communities and strengthening Active Citizens natural disasters, fewer men, women competition for land, water, food and the economic, social and democratic and children will die or suffer illness, energy sources; and stresses caused fabric of their societies. By 2019: More women, young people insecurity and deprivation. Those most by a changing climate. and other poor and marginalised at risk will have exercised their right to people will exercise civil and political have clean water, food and sanitation rights to influence decision-making and other fundamental needs met, to by engaging with governments and be free from violence and coercion, and by holding governments and to take control of their own lives. businesses accountable.

8 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 1 About Oxfam

Enabling Change Goals: Goal 2 Goal 4 Goal 6 6 Goals to change the Program quality, monitoring, Investing in people Income strategies way we work evaluation and learning (MEL) By 2019: By 2019: Oxfam will be an agile, flexible By 2019: A step-change in investment, Goal 1 network of organisations with skilled fundraising and cooperation among Creating a Worldwide Oxfam will be able to demonstrate that and motivated staff and volunteers affiliates will secure €100m-€300m Influencing Network it has created a culture of evidence- delivering the change goals. more than our forecast income, based learning and innovation that and position us to match our future By 2019: There will be profound and has contributed to progressive Goal 5 ambitions to significantly increase the lasting changes in the lives of people improvement of program quality and Cost effectiveness scale and impact of Oxfam’s work. living with poverty and injustice as increased our accountability and our a result of a worldwide influencing capacity to achieve transformational By 2019: Throughout the period of the network united by a common vision for change in people’s lives. Strategic Plan, Oxfam will be cost- change, that will demonstrably amplify effective in all aspects of its work. our impact, bolster our international Goal 3 Savings released by cost effectiveness influence and support progressive Strengthening accountability measures will be reinvested in the By 2019: movements at all levels. achievement of the Strategic Plan goals.

Oxfam will be able to demonstrate that our commitment to strengthened accountability contributes to greater impact.

1. We consider direct beneficiaries all project participants if they are engaged in project activities and have direct access (benefit) to the products / services of the project. We additionally include those who, without being engaged in project activities, also obtain direct benefit from activities / products / services of the project if the following three criteria apply concurrently: 1) non-project participants are explicitly identified as intended direct beneficiaries in the project plan; 2) the benefit has occurred during the relevant financial year (2013/14), i.e. at the time of counting, the benefit should already have materialized with sufficient certainty that the access (benefit) is direct rather than potential (if doubts existed as to the occurrence or materialization of the access (benefit), the beneficiary was not counted); 3) there is a direct relationship with the project participants (usually through being part of the same household). 2. This figure is based on Oxfam’s joint output reporting which was carried out this year for the first time according to shared definitions. We counted as partnerships those funding relationships with autonomous, independent, accountable organizations that are mediated by a written contractual agreement and where Oxfam has contributed funding during the FY 2013/14 to achieve shared specific or long-term goals. Partnerships that did not involve funding were only reported if the relationship was based on a written agreement; or if the relationship was established at least one year ago and the partner was actively involved in the different stages of the project management cycle including planning & design, implementation and MEL. Institutional, suppliers, consultants and contractors have not been considered as partners.

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154 268 Partner Partner organizations organizations Numbers of direct beneficiaries impacted by Oxfam’s work worldwide in 2013/14. MEMAG & 192 ECA Partner organizations 1,400,000 EEFsu 2,910 direct beneficiaries 2,800,ooo direct beneficiaries Partner 56% organizations West Women & Girls 48% AFRICA Women & Girls 3,400,000 direct beneficiaries 324 52% Partner organizations TOTAL Women & Girls (incl. affiliate home countries and OI advocacy offices) 20,700,0001 South direct beneficiaries ASIA 4,200,ooo 2 direct beneficiaries 52% 400 79 Partner Partner organizations Women & Girls organizations 56% Women & Girls 258 725 KEY Partner Partner organizations LAC organizations Horn % national NGOs including women’s organizations 1,300,000 3,700,ooo % INGOs direct beneficiaries Southern direct beneficiaries EAST ASIA & % government and public sector 47% AFRICA 50% PACIFIC Women & Girls Women & Girls % academic, training & research 800,ooo 2,900,ooo % Other (incl. Networks, direct beneficiaries direct beneficiaries UN agencies and private sector) Oxfam AFFILIATE 66% 50% HOME COUNTRIES (ON MAP) Women & Girls Women & Girls

In our efforts to improve our accountability to stakeholders, we have for the first time this year started to collate statistical information from all affiliates about the number of direct beneficiaries of Oxfam’s work. Given the breadth and depth of our work, we acknowledge the difficulties in measuring this. We have used our own monitoring systems to compile the data, and figures have been rounded as appropriate. We have worked hard to avoid any double counting, however, there is likely to be some overlap between specific activities, as some individuals will be supported in more than one area of our work; and we cannot guarantee that in this first full round of joint data collection, the data quality assurance process has been followed in all country offices to the same extent. No data is available for France, Japan, Ireland and Sudan. For South Sudan, Myanmar, the Maghreb Country Cluster and Guatemala data is only available in draft form and therefore not included. Additional data gaps may occur in relation to our regional programming. Additional data quality issues: For Australia the figures are based on interim data from July 2013 to April 2014. In Cambodia the beneficiary numbers may present a slight under-estimation as not all partner reports for the financial year 2013/14 were available by the time this report was produced. Oxfam Novib’s data includes all data for the period 1/1/2013 – 31/3/2014 (15 months). FOOTNOTES 1 and 2 ON PREVIOUs PAGE Section 2 Section

major religious festival and a waste- In 2013 Oxfam promoted four picking community achieved free overarching objectives in its Right to be 2 education for their pre-school children Heard programming: after 14 years of lobbying and support from Oxfam. In Armenia, women are voice: confidently negotiating with local Young people, women and other government in letter-writing campaigns marginalized groups will exercise to bring improvements to their their right to organize, to access communities, thanks to Oxfam’s Raising information freely, to participate in Her Voice (RHV) program. public decision making and to use the law to overcome injustice. However, much more needs to done to support these grassroots movements, Responsiveness: especially where governments are Governments and private sector Introduction those in power and demand their rights restricting the basic right of citizens organizations will develop policies as full citizens. The Right To Be Heard to organize. Oxfam and its partners are that meet the needs of young people, A world without poverty is a world approach will enable more people to urging governments to lift the laws women and other marginalized groups where all voices are heard and all claim their rights to a better life. that deny civil and political rights. so that they benefit from improved human beings are treated equally. We strengthen the capacity of civil services and an enhanced standard Poverty is more than a lack of food, In 2013, with Oxfam’s help, marginalized society organizations to address the of living. shelter or health insurance. Emerging communities, youth-led and women’s priorities of poor, marginalized and from poverty means being a full member movements were already overcoming indigenous groups. The best way to Accountability: of a community and able to participate economic hardship, inequality and achieve this is to create opportunities Governments and private sector in decision-making processes. Oxfam´s sometimes risks to their lives. In India for people express their needs, in their organisations will become increasingly governance work enables people to 1,500 families from 15 slum settlements own words, so that their legitimate accountable for the fulfilment of pro- voice their concerns and priorities with successfully fought eviction during a voices can be heard. poor promises and respect for the legal rights of their citizens.

Previous Page: Bhimisa (9) reads aloud at the Shree Janakalyan Primary School, in Surkhet, Western Nepal. Her mother, Tika Darlami, sits on the school’s management committee, and believes that both her daughter and son have equal rights to a good education. Tika is also a member of the Women’s Association for Marginalized Women, one of many organizations that are part of Oxfam’s Raising Her Voice program. PHOTO © Aubrey Wade | OXFAM 12 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 2 The right to be heard

Active global citizenship: Promises kept, Africa and food crises are more frequent than corruption problems remain, Africa More people around the world will ever. Some governments lease fertile today is governed more transparently contribute to overcoming poverty and Too many African governments are land to international companies, further and democratically than it has been in injustice through personal choices as reneging on their promises to improve increasing competition for scarce decades. Kenya and Uganda have made consumers (for example by purchasing the rights and living conditions of pasture and resources. great strides in providing free primary Fair Trade products), taking action in their people as part of their Millennium education. Policies such as free access solidarity with poor and marginalized Development Goals commitments for One in eight children in Africa die before to treatment for HIV and tuberculosis people and influencing governments 2015. The Oxfam-backed “State of their fifth birthday (UNICEF 2013) and are becoming more accepted. And and business as active global citizens. the Union” (SOTU) project tracks the AU leaders have promised new policies Egypt’s investment in healthcare and progress and commitments of African and investments to cut child mortality. family planning has resulted in a 50 per Effective and purposeful Right to Be Union (AU) countries and creates But while Algeria, Egypt and Rwanda cent fewer women dying in childbirth. Heard work is complex and Oxfam opportunities for people to hold their have made considerable progress, uses a mix of approaches in a wide governments to account. other countries, such as Kenya and SOTU, together with local partners range of settings and countries to such as the Institute for Democratic promote social and political change. Governance (IDEG), has persuaded the This could involve helping to build the “A lot can be achieved Government of Ghana to ratify a Youth confidence of local groups, promoting when promises are kept and Charter to address the priorities of access to information and technology, young people, who represent 60 per forming networks with people in some genuine progress has cent of Ghana’s population. An Inter- different countries, or engaging with been made” Ministerial Coordination Framework has governments and other institutions been established in Malawi to promote to influence policy-making decisions. Africa’s food supply is a glaring example Cameroon, have gone backwards more transparency in government, In the stories below, this mix of of preventable poverty. In 2003 54 and more children there now die of including fair elections. And in response interventions can be recognized. African nations agreed to invest ten preventable deaths than five years ago. to lobbying from Oxfam’s partner, per cent of their annual budgets to the Centre for Learning and Capacity make agricultural improvements so as A lot can be achieved when promises Building of Civil Society (CESC), the to increase food self-sufficiency. Yet are kept and some genuine progress government of Mozambique reported Africa now imports a third of its grain has been made. Although serious on the state of human and civil rights in the country.

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As we approach 2015, SOTU Margaret Sirrengo, a Youth Coordinator Mekong region in Vietnam – so that We were convinced that if Congress is increasing the pressure on with Values Interdevelopmental participants will learn the skills to could see what they had achieved, governments by providing national Network Techniques (VINET), has been challenge some of the inherent values, they would understand that aid directly platforms for civil society groups to a member of Kenya’s OIYP programme attitudes and behaviours in their contributes to saving lives. raise their concerns. A new social from 2010-2013. She works with a communities and society. media campaign – ‘My African Union’ community-based organisation, All over the US, thousands of people – injects a digital element into SOTU’s Everblazing Candles, to promote Stand with heroes worldwide! joined Oxfam’s campaign, signing a campaign, in order to mobilize Africa’s equal rights for women. “OIYP has petition to register that they wouldn’t young people in a wide-reaching done so much to change my life and High quality development work should stand by and allow Congress to slash popular effort to tackle Africa’s my community. In 2010, as a young take full account of the expertise of a tiny fraction (one per cent) of the challenges during this critical period. woman with very little education, I left those who are closest to program federal budget that was having such a my village [to join the OIYP program]... activities. This means listening and huge impact and working effectively for Vision of the young [Afterwards] people looked at me with learning from others, and talking to millions people around the world. a different eye. They started taking individuals and communities that Oxfam’s International Youth a keen interest in my activities and we work with about whether Oxfam’s In focusing on the experiences of Partnerships Program (OIYP) formed a showed great enthusiasm. I have done projects and programs are working. real people, the “Heroes” campaign global network of young people who more than I ever imagined. OIYP has We treat people equally and achieved its goal of building confidence share a vision of a just world and are created me and put my community on a acknowledge that people living in among US policymakers and persuading committed to working toward peaceful, different course!” poverty usually have answers to most them that community leaders in equitable and sustainable social of the problems that they face. They developing countries are capable change. Every three years another 300 In 2013, Oxfam increased support for just need the means. partners who are worthy of trust and young men and women with potential the OIYP global network by launching deserve to be heard. to create change in communities join a Youth Partnerships Programme (YPP), In 2013, Jacqueline Morette, Fatou the OIYP network as action partners. designed to focus more specifically Doumbia and Vuong Hoang Kim – The Congressional proposal to cut US OIYP then supports them in a program on training young people to take on leaders in their own communities Official Development Assistance (ODA) to build practical knowledge and skills leadership roles by exposing them to - agreed to star in Oxfam’s campaign for a third year running was not ratified, in the fields of disability rights, food the work of Oxfam, and our allies and to persuade the US Congress to stop and the US aid budget was protected justice, disaster management and partners. Three pilot programs will be making deep cuts to foreign aid. They for another year. Congress, Senators human rights. established - in Timor Leste, are heroes, achieving great results and the House of Representatives also the Solomon Islands and the with very small financial investments. agreed to adopt legislative language

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that makes it easier for US groups working closely with tax aid agencies to work effectively authorities in each country to promote with local development leaders, and dialogue and share best practice promotes accountability to people in in achieving fair taxation systems in partner countries. these countries.

Getting the In Uganda, Oxfam’s partner, the max out of tax Southern and Eastern African Trade, Information and Negotiations Institute Fair and transparent government (SEATINI), developed the evidence, processes increase peoples’ power policy work and contacts with over their own lives. And more equitable members of parliament to persuade the taxation policies, can increase tax government of Uganda to freeze all tax revenue and provide higher levels of incentives for individuals. The program funding for public services, and improve was enhanced by SEATINI’s publicity the lives of all people living in poverty. campaign, using leaflets, stickers and banners to raise awareness Oxfam, together with Tax Justice and enhance the public profile and Network Africa (TJN-A) and country- popularity of a fair and transparent based partners, established the tax system. Capacity for Research and Advocacy for Fair Taxation (CRAFT) project to achieve People power, Uganda accountable and fair tax systems in Uganda, Mali, Senegal, Nigeria, Niger, Transparency and accountability are Tunisia, Egypt, Ghana and Bangladesh. essential to building trust between Through CRAFT, Oxfam together citizens and power holders, whether with leaders from TJN-A, manages in government or the private sector. a consortium of non-governmental It means that power holders can be organizations and community-based held to account for how their policies

ABOVE RIGHT: A man transporting jute stalks by bicycle. Poverty is deep and widespread in Bangladesh; almost half of the population lives on less than one dollar per day. PHOTO © Evelien Schotsman | OXFAM 15 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 2 The right to be heard

and practices affect people living in to demand improved services in at work, or on behalf of her community, poverty; and they are encouraged Uganda. Other monitors mobilized she needs to feel empowered. If she to develop pro-poor and inclusive young people who joined together suffers violence in the home, she needs development strategies, policies and used on-line resources (Uchaguzi, support and the confidence necessary and practices. Oxfam’s partner in Huduma, E-Libraries, District web to seek a place of safety, and redress. Uganda, Citizen’s Watch-IT (CEW-IT) portals and community data centers) developed a popular campaign to in an anti-corruption campaign to Evidence shows that the best way to hold the government to account for uncover evidence of substandard break through these discrimination its public policy and commitment to aid purchases (such as poor quality barriers is to focus on the personal and exposing corruption. Their Citizen’s construction materials and desks at economic circumstances of women, Manifesto is a social contract with the a primary school). within a wider context of policies and government enables ordinary Ugandans legislation that holds women back. to ask questions, challenge decisions The behavior and practices of the Oxfam and its partner CEWLA (The and become actively involved in the service providers changed as a result Centre for Egyptian Women Legal development of their country. of the anti-corruption campaign, Assistance) use just such a strategy as demonstrated by reduced in Egypt. CEWLA increases women’s The citizen-driven campaign is active in staff absences and recovery of awareness of their civil and political 30 districts of Uganda, training activists misappropriated public funds. rights and provides the support that in how to track money transfers from they need before they have to go donors and governments to service The law on to court. If a woman needs a social delivery points, and to find ways to spot their side, Egypt security loan, for example, she will have and challenge corruption. In 2013 CEW- the civil papers and legal documents IT trained 800 community monitors, in Discrimination, violence and the fear that she needs for her application to addition to the 5000 election observers of violence are significant obstacles be accepted. engaged in the elections in 2011. preventing Egyptian women from fully Oversight communities were formed participating in their society, with the Nearly 4000 people have benefitted at schools, health management same rights as men. If a woman wants from legal advice and arbitration centers and water user committees to make her voice heard in meetings, involving conflict resolution in families,

ABOVE RIGHT: Manga, a farmer from Minya, Upper Egypt, is seen here collecting fresh grass for her animals. She also works for our Egyptian partner, Better Life, as a ‘trainer’ who explains election processes to villagers. She would get women in her village together to discuss which candidates would best represent the needs of their community. PHOTO © Myriam Abdelaziz | OXFAM 16 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 2 The right to be heard

divorce, sexual harassment, or case for improved facilities, even The program, currently implemented also resulted in the Government guidance on female genital mutilation. if they are entitled to them by law. in seven cities through six partner passing a Street Vendors Act in CEWLA lawyers have won favorable Local government officials, on the organizations, is directly reaching 2014 which further protects the rights rulings for mothers in child custody other hand, often lack the skills and out to over 75,000 citizens in 90 urban of urban workers. cases. Although CEWLA’s work is experience to discuss and resolve settlements, and includes support for focused primarily on supporting and these issues with these communities, 6,500 homeless people. Oxfam is also enabling women to stand up for their sometimes interpreting requests as talking to authorities responsible for rights, their professional approach criticisms or threats. urban development and growth at and legal successes are also helping state and national level, to persuade Citizens to address broader issues of inequality India’s urban poor often face multiple them to make investments that benefit in Egypt – within the family and levels of discrimination, as migrants, poor communities. wider society. as women, or as the poorest of the

poor. Once they believe that they In a significant achievement in support for homeless Tales of the City, India have a right to be treated with dignity, 2013-2014, Lucknow’s city planning they gain strength in the knowledge department was persuaded to consult All too often, decisions on that they can voice their concerns with urban workers - street vendors, infrastructure investments in India’s and improve their lives. Oxfam is construction workers, rickshaw Urban settlements cities are taken at a high level, far working with partners to make people pullers, female domestic helpers and away from the areas where poor and aware of their rights and identifying home-based workers – to create a vulnerable live. Communities living in opportunities to communicate their common vision for the city. An inclusive cities poor urban areas are rarely consulted priorities to decision-makers. By City Development Plan provided about their needs for access to water, speaking out at town hall meetings and increased security, basic amenities sanitation facilities and housing, and organizing protests, they are putting and adequate space for street vendors they lack the information and formal pressure on local governments to meet and for homeless people. Persistent partner organizations bureaucratic language to engage their need for improved housing, water campaigning and advocacy by street with local authorities to make their and sanitation facilities in urban slums. vendors and civil society groups

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Raising Her Voice members, have contributed to the shaping of 10 new laws to protect Every single issue that Oxfam works women against gender-based violence on, from climate change to economic in countries such as Uganda, Nigeria justice, is affected in some way by and Pakistan. RHV partners took an the lack of women’s meaningful active role in the establishment of a representation. From 2008-2013 Raising further nine new laws to promote a Her Voice (RHV), Oxfam’s first global wider spectrum of women’s rights, program to enhance the participation including a law to prevent political and leadership opportunities of women violence against female candidates and has made significant steps to redress voters in Bolivia. the balance. When the voices and concerns of Today, over one million marginalized women are included in decision-making women are estimated to have spaces, such as community meetings, benefitted from RHV programs. This resource management committees could involve helping women to or coalitions for change, the results gain a stronger political voice, or to are powerful. In addressing issues strengthen their ability to influence of inequality, and encouraging the decisions about social services, development of women’s confidence, development investments, policies and RHV helped to unlock significant social, legal frameworks. political and economic advantages for marginalized women. External In five years, Oxfam, together with 45 evaluation of the RHV project confirmed local partners, 141 community activist that projects are most successful when groups, and over 1,000 coalition

ABOVE LEFT: Learning the alphabet at Apna Kendra bridge school for working children. The rag-picking community of Shanti Busti (literally “Peace Slum”) comprises 210 households. The rag-pickers suffer insecurity of tenure over the land upon which Shanti Busti is built. Families pay a rent to a landlord who provides them some protection from eviction by the government. The rag-pickers have no access to any of the rights and services afforded to other Indians, including the right to vote. PHOTO © Tom Pietrasik | OXFAM 18 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 2 The right to be heard

all stakeholders are treated equally Recent trends indicate an increase and when grassroots initiatives are in restrictions on civil society and delivered in tandem with advocacy at a the ability of citizens to engage in national level. freedom of assembly, free speech and association. In this context, it is Although global RHV funding formally essential that Oxfam, and our partners ended in March 2013, the individual, and allies, are agile in our response community activism and coalitions it to complex and fast-moving social supported remain very much alive and changes. We need to take decisive well in 25 countries – another important action to safeguard civil society space. step along the path to future change. Oxfam will continue to give priority to revenue monitoring (budgets and Looking Forward tax) and enhancing the participation of citizens in within their societies. Oxfam will continue to focus on In all of our work, we will continue to strengthening the voice of poor and put women’s rights at the heart of vulnerable communities so that our programs, to ensure that there is they can participate effectively in justice and a sustained and widespread discussions that will influence a fairer change in power relations between distribution of resources. We will also women and men. work with our partners and allies to maintain pressure on governments and the private sector, so that they are responsive to the interests of poor people and fulfill the promises that have already been made.

ABOVE RIGHT: Tika Darlami (45) is taking part in a women’s group meeting in the village of Gumi, in Surkhet, Nepal. The Community Discussion Classes are organized by Oxfam’s partner, Women’s Association for Marginalized Women. They enable women to get together to share experiences, and learn more about their rights and legal protection under Nepali law. PHOTO © Aubrey Wade | OXFAM 19 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Section 3 Section 3

INTRODUCTION We focus on gender justice because There is growing evidence that when women but we know that if we are to systematic discrimination against women take control over their lives achieve lasting change, our vision and Oxfam’s Strategic Plan puts the women and girls is both a cause and and join together to achieve common aspirations need to be much bigger. We reinforcement of people’s rights, and a result of the inequality that drives goals, transformative progress and aim to achieve sustained, widespread especially women’s rights, at the heart poverty. Class, sexual orientation, change can be achieved. Oxfam helps changes at all levels in people’s of all we do. Beyond enabling women ethnicity and age, as well as religious women to develop their own visions attitudes and beliefs about power and marginalized people to have and other fundamentalisms can and strategies for change and works relationships between men and women, access to valued roles in the economy exacerbate it. Women who respond with organizations and movements that and in so doing to further women’s and society, we put a particular focus to disasters, defend rights to natural affirm women’s rights as a foundation rights and gender justice. on gender justice and empowering poor resources, campaign for freedom from for all development goals. We work people so that they can make their physical and sexual abuse, alongside other pressure groups to voices heard. and promote democratic participation persuade governments and institutions often suffer physical and to improve policies and laws in favor of psychological violence.

Previous Page: Masela Kababa (20), Chipango (3 months old) come from Soola, a small rural village Zambia. She and her other two children moved here when floods destroyed her home and livestock (pigs) in her home village of Namayanga. With the onset of winter, Masela is worried that her child may get a chest infection. PHOTO © James Oatway | OXFAM 21 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 3 Gender justice

Strawberry Oxfam and our partners have been reasonable progressive targets. The fields forever! working with stakeholders across the importers then established mechanisms production chain - with the pickers to track progress with Oxfam. Morocco’s strawberry industry has themselves, the owners of strawberry beneficiaries in total increased dramatically in recent farms, local government, and the Some producers have changed and years to supply Europe’s shops and European buyers - on a series of joint improved their ways of working. They supermarkets. But workers, 80 per projects to improve working conditions. understood that providing better cent of whom are women, have not An alliance of civil society organizations working conditions for their employees Women and Girls benefitted from the “red gold”. Oxfam and women workers, known as the made good financial sense for growing has been working with women in “Unity”, has coordinated and managed their businesses. Even if some are still northern Morocco since 2008 to help the projects, organizing awareness- lagging behind, more importers from improve their working conditions. Most raising ‘caravans’ in villages to inform different countries are now joining the Men AND boys of the time, the rights of workers are and support women workers and find program and requesting the same basic not respected. They have no contract, ways to resolve difficulties with their standards for employees. and employers do not respect minimum employers or government authorities. wage or compliance with legal working We believe that this program will have Partner organizations hours. Health and safety standards are At the international level, Oxfam a widespread and beneficial impact on often poor, as are transport conditions, collaborated with European importers the strawberry sector in Morocco, and and children are also used as pickers. and Moroccan retailers to change that standards will continue to improve. Women do not know of all their rights, practice. In 2011, we won agreement for For the women themselves, rather than as illustrated in the low take-up an Action Plan (2012-2015) to improve being recipients of a program, they of registration for social security wages, adhere to a minimum legal age see themselves as primary agents of payments to supplement income. for work, and enable registration for change. They have leaders who can social security, and respect for health, shape own destiny, and have now safety and transport conditions. This established their own association, Al plan formalized work relations and set Karama (meaning Dignity) to protect and defend their labor rights.

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Activism in women to become leaders who can, Arab countries together with their communities, reclaim their right to political and Although women were at the forefront civic participation to achieve long of uprisings in the Arab world in 2011, lasting positive change. Oxfam’s their opinions are still often sidelined. partners in Morocco are all working Oxfam’s partner, AMAL (‘hope’ in Arabic) to mobilize civil society to call for the works in Tunisia, Morocco, Palestine implementation of Article 19 of their and Yemen, in partnership with 13 2011 Constitution, which requires local organizations, to ensure that an end to gender discrimination and the momentum achieved by women in equality between men and women. recent years is not lost. Approaches include awareness-raising Three years ago, images of women events, public meetings and outreach protesting and interviews with young through literacy classes in rural and women activists were all over global poor urban areas. The Yemeni Women’s media. A window of opportunity for Union is creating spaces for women real change seemed wide open: the in rural areas to come together to governments of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia share their experiences, needs and and Yemen were overthrown, new aspirations and equip them with transitional political processes were the practical skills and confidence to introduced and leaders sworn in. This influence change in their lives seemed a time ripe with opportunities and communities. for the advancement of women’s rights in most Arab countries. These women have not only learned to write and read. They have produced However, many women have been materials that help them to identify sidelined or targeted for their activism. their communities‘ problems, and The AMAL Program enables these

ABOVE LEFT: Around 1,000 women are imprisoned in Yemen, mostly because of adultery. Their ages range from 14 to 20 years old. Three Oxfam lawyers work inside the Al Mansaura Prison in Aden representing women, and ensuring legal aid and education for female prisoners. PHOTO © Abbie Trayler-Smith | OXFAM 23 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 20132012 - 20142013 3 Gender justice

demonstrate solutions. In one example, “They are now confident to raise their Affairs Center trained women in political interview techniques were used to women drew a map of the district voice, and ask for their needs, but still parties and 36 community leaders (15 draw out the individual experience of identifying infrastructure needs such they need more support to overcome men and 21 women) in leadership skills, each of the women. Many of them had as a road, power, school, hospital, and the reasons that undermine their gender and women’s rights. They also grown up in patriarchal societies with water project. ability to have a say in their lives; trained 38 journalists (15 men and 23 no possibility of ever being seen as poverty, domestic violence, and the women) on how to promote gender- agents of knowledge or wisdom. Some power of tribal, social norms over sensitive images around women’s of the women interviewed had achieved women are among these obstacles,” political participation and leadership. change through raising awareness of said Thikra, project coordinator at inequality and putting things in place in Yemeni Women Union. Untold stories, told their communities for women to meet their practical and strategic needs. direct beneficiaries across the four countries below. Word spread fast among Yemeni women Over the last four years, Oxfam has They also saw these issues as crucial and more discussion sessions than worked with 20 women’s organizations to achieving community change on a anticipated were organized. In Tunisia, in South America in a regional program global scale. A woman’s right to live free our partner, the League of Tunisian to strengthen the skills and talent of of violence was seen as a political and Female Electors (LET) trained and “Popular and Diverse Women” and to social issue, and not just as a problem mentored women political leaders. As share their testimony and experience that women had to deal with. a result, no less than seven women of achieving transformative change in reached leadership positions in their their communities. The stories that they The stories featured in the research respective parties and three women were told provided the content for four books positioned these powerful women elected to leadership roles in union and describing the untold and forgotten as instigators of change for many in civil society organizations. Because stories of poor, indigenous, afro thousands of people, and is a great morocco TUnisia OPT Yemen of the youth and women oriented descendant and rural women`s leaders example of the extent to which 11,250 3700 2,800 450 awareness campaigns organized by our from Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and Colombia. women have transformed the partners we have reached over 2500 attitudes and beliefs of their More than 600 women from partner people in four intervention sites. communities and wider society. organizations were interviewed by Strengthening women’s transformative researchers who asked each of them Are women & Girls In the Occupied Palestinian Territories leadership has been a key way for to describe their lives and roles as (OPTI) our partner in Gaza, the Women’s Oxfam to contribute in ending injustice leaders in their communities. Sensitive and build equal societies.

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Emphatic ‘no’ attitudes and behaviors of men in the Behind closed doors. Round III report (2005-06) cites that to violence household and on the street. They one-third of women aged between 15- also thought that women should have “I was regularly beaten by my alcoholic 49 have experienced physical violence. Oxfam has focused on ending violence greater awareness of their rights husband for bearing four girls in a In total, 35 per cent of all women against women in programs across and that women should be better row,” says 25 year old, Minoti Naik. “He have experienced physical or sexual India since 2004 and our expertise represented in positions of power. and my in-laws put pressure on me to violence, and 37.2 per cent of married is well regarded at a community and get pregnant until I delivered a boy. women have experienced spousal national level. Recent disturbing Even though violence against women They wanted a son to continue their violence. The National Crime Records reports of abuse and the high profile is deeply entrenched in Indian society, dynasty.” As the harassment continued, Bureau (NCRB) in 2012 also stated that murders of several women was deeply change can happen for the better. Minouti asked the Women’s Support 43.6 per cent of cases reported as a shocking. We responded with a high To achieve this, it is essential that Centre (WSC) in Dhenkenal district, crime against women were the result of profile campaign urging the people we push the campaign message on Odisha, for help. The Centre responded cruelty by a husband and in-laws. of India to do something about the all fronts – to re-write laws, to force with a strong warning to her husband inequality and endemic violence that a change of attitude at government and in-laws that violence against The progressive “Protection of Women women face on a daily basis. The level, and to influence other formal and women is a criminal act and punishable from Domestic Violence Act”, passed by Close the Gap Campaign used online private sector institutions. Only then under law. “Had it not been for their the Indian Parliament 2005 was a brave and traditional media, and creative will attitudes and beliefs change, and support, I would not have survived this response to the appalling situation installations in markets and shopping with this social and cultural norms, torture”, added Minuoti. WSC has been that women face in India. However, malls, to challenge the public – what and ultimately the building of a more a ray of hope for many such women who implementing this Act has been a major would they do to make a safer, more equal society. otherwise would have no alternative challenge. Oxfam has responded with equal society? but to suffer in silence, at some risk to an innovative government-supported Close the Gap has contributed to this their lives. project that helps survivors of domestic Thanks to the great work of Oxfam’s process in creating a powerful new violence to recover, with counselling, partners - including Youth Ki Awaz, conversation, in which ordinary citizens The same story is true for many women legal aid, shelter, financial support and GotStaredAt, the YP Foundation, Gram and those usually on the margins of in India. Domestic violence is pervasive contacts for them to use to build a new Vaani and Purple Mangoes - Oxfam political debates have had the chance and considered to be a family affair. life outside their family by marriage. reached more than half a million to take action and raise their voices. It is not yet recognized as a violation “Promoting Violence Free Lives for people. The public overwhelmingly of a woman’s human rights. India’s Women in India” projects operate wanted to see a change in the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)

25 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 20132012 - 20142013 3 Gender justice from 17 police station premises in Women join the Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Odisha and Afghan police force Uttar Pradesh, and have been set up in collaboration with the Department If Oxfam is to achieve a just world of Women and Child Development and without poverty, it is essential to Department of Home. reduce the endemic levels of violence that exist within and against individuals Oxfam India has directly supported and communities. In Afghanistan, almost 39,000 women through these women are particularly vulnerable Support Centers and has reached out because of conflict and their unequal to raise awareness and provide advice status in society. Just one per cent of to more than 8,00,000 people through the Afghan National Police is female a country-wide community mobilization which makes it more difficult for women program (2009-2014). Evaluation of the to report crimes and harder for them to program showed that where Oxfam’s access desperately needed justice. programs were operational, there was a significant increase in understanding Often shunned by their communities of men and boys as compared to and even their families, Afghanistan’s adjacent areas and a prominent shift in policewomen are bravely taking on a awareness of existing legislation. Armed role that has already led to one woman with this knowledge, women become being killed because of her choice empowered to stand up for their rights, or work. Recruiting more women into and to seek redress for the violence the police force - and eroding the that has been inflicted upon them. current stigma associated with female policing - is critical for the safety of Afghan women and the increased stability of Afghanistan.

ABOVE RIGHT: Women in class and weapons training. Their entire training takes six months. They learn weapons, general policing and rule of law as well as gender and human rights training. When the women graduate they will be placed in police stations throughout Kabul city PHOTO © Ellie Kealey | OXFAM 26 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 3 Gender justice

Nadia and Tuba are two of 22 national campaign highlighting the policewomen in the remote province need and value of policewomen in of Kunduz. Over 820,000 people live the community. in Kunduz, and, while a force of 22 policewomen may seem like progress, In September 2013, Oxfam launched the provinces of Panjshir and Nuristan, a report “Women and the Afghan in the northeast of the country, have no Police: Why a law enforcement agency policewomen at all. that respects and protects females is crucial for progress”. It aimed “When I became a policewoman, I faced to combat ingrained attitudes and a lot of difficulties,” says Nadia. “Our perceptions so as to reduce the risks society does not accept women police. that female police officers face. They haven’t realized the value of a policewoman and the benefits that she “The most important way to bring can bring to society, and especially female police closer to the community to other women. I have even heard is to show that they are just as educated people say that whoever competent as a male officers and that Women farmers Women on Farms brings together works in the police is a ‘loose woman’. there are no moral challenges. They assert their rights women who formerly felt isolated I was crushed to hear this but I am need to be made into role models,” and powerless. This is important for compelled to continue this work. We says Wazhma Frogh, executive director Oxfam is working with Women on building a strong sense of solidarity need women police in the same way as of RIWPS. In Kunduz, Tuba agrees. “We Farms, a South African organization and an environment for sharing skills society needs women doctors.” must have discussions about women determined that women farmers and experiences. police and more women must be achieve the same constitutional Oxfam is working alongside the encouraged to be policewomen. I want rights as men. Their work builds the The only example of leadership that Research Institute of Women, Peace to be respected by society.” confidence and skills of women so Jacoba Armoed had ever experienced and Security (RIWPS) to deliver a that they understand their rights and was the bullying style of her white have the knowledge they need to make male landowner. But thanks to the a strong case for fair treatment as work of Women on Farms, Jacoba’s farmers. They have also established understanding of leadership has now South Africa’s first and only female-led completely changed. When she looks labor union of farm workers.

ABOVE Left: Women who belong to the mushroom farm co-op enjoy bringing in their mornings harvest. 1 August 2011 Jacoba Armoed wears the red jacket. PHOTO © Matthew Willman | OXFAM 27 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 3 Gender justice in the mirror, reflected back is a woman Boys become receives calls from all over the country their perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of strength with leadership qualities of men, Zambia where women and men share their not just in words but also in actions.” her own. stories of violence and seek advice or Violence against women is highly services. A “2000 Man March” in 2013, Addressing the boys, Oxfam in Zambia Jacoba was introduced to other women prevalent in Zambia, where it is which sought to bring attention to the Country Director, Nellie Nyang’wa said: who had faced similar abuses. As they estimated that 51.6 per cent of women reality of violence against women in “Boys, you are going to be men in 10 began to talk and share their stories, have experienced physical or sexual Zambian communities, saw over 2,500 years and we expect you to be positive they quickly picked up issues that they violence in their lifetime (UN Women, men marching in three communities change agents. We believe in you and had all experienced – a common thread 2007). To address this, Oxfam launched (Lusaka, Rufunsa and Choma). On the we are committed to providing you with of poverty, evictions, violent acts and the ‘I Care About Her’ program in occasion of International Women’s the support you need.” lack of respect. Soon, they also started 2012, a national campaign to change Day, Oxfam partners ZNWL and YWCA to learn more about their rights, and to attitudes and beliefs and address organized 350 men and 200 boys to understand that things could change. the power inequalities that are at the take part in celebrations. root of violence against women. The Jacoba used what she had learned program includes a media campaign, Oxfam took the campaign to a new to challenge her landowner. She community-based education circles level by partnering with the Forum successfully applied for a restraining where men and boys mobilize as For African Women Educationists of 15,000 order after which her abuse ceased. champions to end violence against Zambia (FAWEZA) to extend the popular Direct She feels empowered. Her husband women, and advocacy and lobbying for campaign to schools. Working with beneficiaries has also stopped beating her and is better implementation of laws. partners, Oxfam has expanded the taking pride in her work. In private, discussion groups to twenty schools in he still sometimes has to accept Working with the Men’s Network (of the Zambia. Through discussions, boys and that she is often out of the house for Young Women’s Christian Association), girls talk about gender inequality and meetings, but in public he proudly talks the campaign has done an amazing job how they can lead a new generation of her success. of mobilizing men and boys to advocate where violence against women and for change at grassroots level through girls is obsolete. The Permanent community discussion groups and other Secretary at the Ministry of Education, MEN & boys means. A weekly Saturday morning Mr. Chishimba Nkosha, praised the television show has created the space campaign, saying: “It is time for our for men to discuss their roles and non- communities and all stakeholders to violent forms of masculinity. The show demonstrate a commitment to change women & Girls

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was unparalleled, and not seen since feature in global media coverage. These World War II. At the end of 2013, 51.2 smaller, weather-related hazards, 4 million people had fled their homes and accounting for 80 per cent of people communities as a result of violence - 6 affected by natural events - and million more people than reported in are a reminder of the increasingly 2012. This massive increase is mainly devastating impact of climate change. due to the three-year deteriorating situation in Syria; conflict in the Central A common element of all of these African Republic and South Sudan; and crises is that poor people are always protracted (and often forgotten) crises hardest hit. Women are particularly in Yemen, Mali, Democratic Republic of vulnerable, with fewer resources to Congo, Somalia and Sudan. face and recover from emergencies. Of all the people living in poverty in If the biggest calamities this year were the world today, half live in conflict- Introduction of people during the year. Determined manmade disasters, natural hazards affected states (by the 2030s this to protect the rights of people affected also increased, affecting the lives of may be two-thirds) and in areas We believe that all people affected by crises, we have delivered lifesaving dozens of millions of people. Typhoon exposed to natural hazards. by conflicts and disasters have a assistance and ensured that the plight Haiyan, one of the most destructive basic right to clean water, food and of people affected by major crises in storms ever, swept through the As humanitarian needs increase, sanitation, and other fundamental Syria, Central African Republic, the Philippines killing more than 8,000 government aid budgets are shrinking, needs. They must also be protected Philippines and South Sudan, and those people and affecting the lives of 14 which limits the international from violence and coercion, and be able in many smaller emergencies, remains million. In India, Cyclone Phailin left 12 community’s ability to respond. In to live in dignity and take control of in the public eye. million people in need of assistance; 2013, despite significant endeavours their own lives. Mexico was battered by simultaneous to mobilise international funding, This year has sadly been marked by hurricanes on both coasts and a 7.0 just 62 per cent of UN humanitarian In 2013-2014, Oxfam responded to over an appalling number of conflicts, with earthquake hit China. Oxfam responded funding needs were met - the smallest 50 humanitarian emergencies, meeting the UN reporting that the number of to each of these disasters and to proportion for a decade. In the face of the needs of an unprecedented number people forcibly displaced this year many other smaller ones that did not

Previous Page: Children at play in San Jose, Tacloban, three months after Typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest tropical storms ever recorded, caused devastation in the Philippines. Residents have been warned not live within 40 meters of the sea but many have nowhere else to go and erect shanty houses along the shoreline.PHOTO © Eleanor Farmer | OXFAM 30 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future this shortfall, and increased numbers Syria Crisis of people suffering, Oxfam has set itself a bold challenge to ensure that the Syria faces the largest refugee crisis rights of crises-affected people are in over two decades. Entering a fourth met by 2019. year of conflict, over 100,000 people have been killed and more than 9 To achieve this, we will continue to million people forced to leave their improve our own ability to respond homes – nearly half of the country’s to disasters, and work closely with population. Many left with nothing local communities so they become but the clothes they wore and are stronger and respond to the shock now displaced across Syria and in of an emergency themselves. We will neighbouring countries, living in also work with national governments temporary shelters, camps and rented to enhance their ability to respond to accommodation. Many families cannot disasters, and maintain pressure on send their children to school, are in policy makers and governments to debt, and have poor access to regular and host communities in camps, difficult to respond and monitor the put things in place to enable people health care. Host communities and informal settlements and rented impact of programs as quickly as we to make lasting changes to their governments are also struggling accommodation in these countries. In would like. Multiple levels of clearance lives. Central to all of these areas are to manage the influx of so many people, 2013, we started work in Syria itself, to are required for entry visas and actions and programs that further the which puts a massive strain on their repair damage and provide new water permission to move supplies within rights of women. own services, utilities, housing sources, including boreholes, giving the country. and schools. 930,000 people access to clean water We have already made substantial in both government and opposition- Oxfam, together with our progress on these objectives this year: Delivering life-saving assistance held areas. humanitarian partners, is pushing Oxfam has provided clean drinking for full implementation of Security water, money for food, hygiene Overall, Oxfam has reached nearly one Council resolutions to secure essentials and shelter to help refugees million people in Syria, Jordan and humanitarian access. in Jordan and Lebanon since 2012. Lebanon. Working in Syria remains We are supporting refugee families challenging and volatile, making it

ABOVE RIGHT: Samir, 12, from Idlib, and friends play in the Al Waha Commercial Centre, an abandoned shopping center in Dede Al Koura near the city of Tripoli in north Lebanon. The centre is currently home to some 90 Syrian families. PHOTO © Sam Tarling | OXFAM 31 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

Short and long-term solutions Putting women’s rights at A peaceful solution From relief to It is important to respond to the needs the heart of our work In 2013, Oxfam mobilised thousands of recovery, Philippines of affected communities with a mix Popular Relief for Aid and Development people around the world in a campaign of short and long-term solutions. (PARD) and Association Najdeh are two to push for urgent progress on peace On 8 November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan In Lebanon, the distribution of over Lebanese organisations that have talks, and successfully influenced (or Yolanda as it’s known locally) 400,000 cash vouchers helped people partnered with Oxfam to help make national parliamentary debates to take wreaked havoc across much of the to pay rent and buy household goods. life in Palestinian refugee camps more the heat out of the conflict by limiting central Philippines. More than 8,000 This was a lifeline for families who tolerable for women. Women have the transfer of arms into Syria. people died, four million were forced had little or no savings. A longer- formed committees and now have a from their homes, and 14 million people term response was needed in Jordan say in how to improve camp facilities. Ahead of the Geneva II talks in January needed lifesaving assistance. Beyond where the arrival of many thousands It is also a safe and supportive place to 2014, we campaigned alongside the immediate devastation, millions of refugees placed a huge stress share and discuss experiences. Syrian women’s organisations to more poor people were pushed into on a country already struggling with press for the inclusion of civil society further poverty and debt because rice dwindling water reserves. Oxfam In Za’atari camp in Jordan, women groups in peace negotiations. Women crops, coconut trees and fishing boats worked with local and national are influencing how aid programs are activists met with UN and US Congress were destroyed. governments to improve the water organized and taking on leadership representatives to start planning for systems, and with local organisations roles for their communities, thanks to the road ahead. In March 2014, we Our teams faced huge logistical help communities to manage and support from Oxfam. As the conflict stood alongside 130 other aid agencies challenges - roads were blocked, conserve water supplies. We are continues to escalate, Oxfam vigorously to mark the sombre third anniversary of airports closed, and electricity supplies also continuing to push for a more campaigns for the rights of all affected the crisis and organised vigils in over cut off. But by the end of the first week, sustainable international response to communities, and especially women, so 30 countries as part of the #WithSyria we were reaching vulnerable people this on-going crisis through sustained that they receive the assistance that campaign. From displaced women in with emergency supplies of water, lobbying and media work. they deserve. the Abu Shouk camp in Darfur to a vigil food and shelter. In March, four months in South Africa attended by Desmond on, about 650,000 people had been Tutu, they resulted in is the biggest targeted with lifesaving aid. ever public outcry calling for an end to the bloodshed. Our focus then turned to helping families make a living so they could rebuild their shattered lives. We were particularly concerned for the poorest people who were the hardest hit and

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had little or no resources to recover. hitting. We also helped government communities are also being given Typhoon Haiyan’s Path through In all of our efforts, we did our best agencies to improve rubbish collections support to rebuild boats and repair nets, the Philippines to understand the impact that the and drained the standing water where so they can start fishing again. (Source: UNOCHA) typhoon had on the livelihoods of both mosquitoes breed, to reduce the risk women and men, ensuring that their of diseases. We will continue to help families as differing needs were met. they start to recover their means of Helping people get earning a living and we will continue to Lifesaving water, food and earn a living work with the Philippines government sanitation and hygiene After the disaster hit, families were and the international community to In the immediate aftermath of the desperate for food. We provided cash make sure that recovery is focused disaster, our priority was to prevent the grants or cash in return for work (such on helping the poorest people out of spread of disease. We provided clean as clearing debris) so that people could poverty. Oxfam’s work has been well water, toilets and hygiene essentials. buy what they needed in local markets. received. Bantayan, one of the most 703,500 We distributed buckets, soap and clean Cash gives people choice and control seriously affected Islands, established underwear, as well as mosquito nets over their lives, and keeps the local a small ‘shrine’ to thank Oxfam for beneficiaries economy going. But it can only be a across regions and sleeping mats to 62,500 families, helping to bring employment and some so they could stay free of disease. temporary measure and if communities financial security. 27,300 water kits, containing a jerry are to come back stronger, people need can, bucket and water treatment to start earning a living again so they Campaigning for the poorest people materials, were also distributed so can support and feed their families. Typhoon Haiyan hit the agriculture and people could drink clean, safe water. fishing industries very hard, destroying Eastern Leyte - Tacloban City: 298 500 We also built and repaired 3,300 We provided rice seed to over 6,000 more than 33 million coconut trees Northern Cebu: 180 000 community toilets, so that people could farmers in Leyte, so they were able and about 30,000 boats, and forcing replace crops destroyed by the typhoon Western Leyte - Ormoc City: 141 000 keep healthy and clean. farmers and fisher people to depend on and plant in time for the coming harvest. aid and food distribution. Emergency Eastern Samar – Guiuan: 84 000 Working with the local government of We’ve also provided chainsaws and relief in the first months allowed them Tacloban we repaired broken pipes, other equipment for farmers to clear to survive, but four months on their which allowed more than 200,000 fields of fallen coconut trees and earn efforts to rebuild their livelihoods were of the worst affected people to get an income from selling the wood. Fishing left out of recovery efforts. Farmers women & Girls clean water within days of the typhoon

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urgently needed to clear the land of launched ‘No Accident: Resilience fallen trees before they rotted but to and the Inequality of Risk’, a report do this they needed permission from that called on governments and aid landowners. Fishing communities agencies to take concrete steps to were also concerned about having to tackle the increasing effects of climate relocate because of a law banning the change, such as rising inequality and building of homes within 40 metres people’s vulnerability to disasters. of the coast. Oxfam has successfully The report was well received by the supported both groups, persuading the humanitarian community, ECHO, government to change its approach OCHA and other Humanitarian and to resettling fishing communities and Development agencies. securing income for poor coconut tenant farmers. Oxfam is also working to build an international policy environment that Reducing the impact puts more of an emphasis on helping of climate change communities to become more resilient for Action and ensuring that resilience groups, killing thousands of people and “Typhoon Haiyan is the shape of things to extreme weather patterns. Disaster building achieves high priority at the forcing nearly one million to flee their to come,” says Justin Morgan, Oxfam’s risk reduction (DRR), in which people World Humanitarian Summit (in 2016). homes. To escape the violence, they Country Director in the Philippines. put things in place to minimize the found safety in refugee camps within “Climate change is likely to increase impact of severe typhoons or flooding, South Sudan crisis South Sudan and across the borders, the severity of typhoons in our region. is proven to work but is not yet regarded mainly into Ethiopia and Uganda. We will need sustained support and as mainstream by national governments Oxfam has worked in Southern Sudan programs to prepare for more storms and the international community. like this.”. (now South Sudan) since 1983, Oxfam was well prepared to respond providing humanitarian aid to victims to the needs of conflict-affected Oxfam is working to ensure that DRR is of conflict, drought and floods, as well communities and just three months Oxfam works at all levels to reduce an essential element of international as long-term development assistance after the start of fighting, 120,000 vulnerability for the poorest people policy making from 2015 (after the to some of the most vulnerable people in South Sudan and Uganda to the impact of extreme weather, Millennium Development Goals finish). communities. In December 2013, had received lifesaving assistance, and to help communities to become This includes providing input to a conflict broke out between political including access to clean drinking more resilient. In May 2013, Oxfam renegotiation of the Hyogo Framework

ABOVE Right: Oxfam buckets, latrine slabs and technical water equipment being delivered to South Sudan. This equipment enables hundreds of thousands of people displaced by the fighting in the country to have access to clean water and sanitation. PHOTO © Grace Cahill | OXFAM 34 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

water, sanitation and hygiene roads and dig waste disposal sites. This assistance. And because people could provided a useful and long-term service no longer grow crops, we also provided to the community as well as an income emergency food supplies for the refugees, so they were able to and basic household goods. support their families.

When people arrive at refugee camps, Protecting civilians they are often traumatised and against violence confused. It is essential to talk to In total Oxfam has helped over 120,000 residents, particularly women and people since the start of the crisis children – listening to their concerns in South Sudan and Uganda, but the and responding with initiatives that situation is worsening and more efforts make life just a little bit better. In are needed to assist and protect South Sudan, we installed solar lighting affected people. Nearly 5 million near latrines so that people felt safer people need humanitarian assistance, at night and were less exposed to including 200,000 children suffering Central African Republic As the situation deteriorated, food risks of physical and sexual violence. severe acute malnutrition. The onset of became really scarce because farmers We also distributed vouchers that the rainy season significantly increased In December 2012, a violent conflict could not tend their fields and most could be exchanged for food and the threat of disease, and also poses between armed groups broke out in traders had fled the country. Displaced charcoal at local markets. massive logistical difficulties for people seeking refuge in camps were humanitarian agencies to deliver aid. the Central African Republic and led to one of the worst humanitarian crisis in desperate need of clean water and In Uganda, over 32,000 refugees from of the year. Hundreds of thousands sanitation. Despite not having worked South Sudan received clean drinking Since the start of the conflict Oxfam of people were forced to flee for their in the Central African Republic before, water, sanitation facilities and advice has called for better assistance and lives, seeking refuge in safer villages this was a serious situation that Oxfam on safe and healthy hygiene practices improved protection for civilians. and camps inside the country and could not ignore. We established an to prevent outbreaks of disease. Here We are working with other NGOS and across the borders. Two and a half office in the conflict-ridden capital too it has been essential to work with aid agencies to influence a political million people - more than half the Bangui and in this challenging context, host communities and Oxfam, together solution to the crisis and promote unity country’s population, urgently needed in just a few weeks, our team delivered with our partners, employed almost and reconciliation. assistance, with many families eating lifesaving water to 20,000 people. 3,000 people in schemes to improve only one meal a day.

ABOVE Right: In December 2012, a violent conflict between armed groups broke out in the Central African Republic and led to one of the worst humanitarian crisis of the year. Two and a half million people urgently needed assistance, with many families eating only one meal a day. Oxfam set up emergency sites to provide shelter for 40,000 people, including these children gathered round a well. PHOTO © Vincent Tremeau | OXFAM 35 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

Oxfam has worked in established development and advocacy work, refugee camps in neighbouring Chad and includes helping women to gain for many years. Up to 80,000 Central more independence. Oxfam also to Africans have now joined other works with other NGOs and civil society refugees and our teams are ensuring groups to campaign for change in they have access to clean water and Afghanistan, whether providing greater improving their food situation. protection for citizens or helping to create more stability. As with other such emergencies, it is essential to ensure that the In 2013, working alongside the international community joins forces Research Institute of Women Peace to assist and protect civilians, and and Security, Oxfam launched a public help to bring peace in the country. campaign to improve opportunities Oxfam is working with other aid groups for women in the Afghan police to put pressure on the international force. The BBC’s Afghan Educational community to provide the funds to Program broadcast a series on the ensure that the basic needs of the work of women officers in 20 Afghan As a result of this campaign, the Afghan Extending our reach people are met, and to address the provinces, an important way to change Ministry of Interior cited Oxfam as a key and rapid response urgent security needs of women perceptions and draw attention to the driver of national decision-making and and girls. valuable work already being achieved. policy change in respect of women’s As the impact of climate change Since the start of the campaign, more rights. A good news story of a rise in increases, there will be more extreme Afghanistan Afghan women have joined the police, 28 per cent of women reporting cases weather events. Some of damage will which now accounts for 1,700 women of abuse was tempered by the fact be mitigated by disaster risk reduction Oxfam has worked alongside our officers. In 2014, the first woman that just two per cent of these cases (DRR) programs, in which communities partners to support projects in District Police Chief was appointed in ever reached court. Oxfam shared prepare and become more resilient. Afghanistan for decades, making a Kabul, and the Afghan government have this research with the UN, influencing However, as incidences caused by substantial difference to the lives of pledged to train another 10,000 women the output of the report of the UN severe weather increase, more people’s Afghan communities. Our approach in the years to come. (Read our report Assistance Mission in Afghanistan. lives will be devastated. This means is a mix of emergency response, on Women and the Afghan police.)

ABOVE Right: One thousand pupils, of whom 900 are girls, attend Parwan School, Afghanistan. The girls want to become doctors, engineers, journalists and MPs. Some girls with education and aspiration are also ignoring the disapproval of their communities, and taking on the brave step of joining the Afghan police force. PHOTO © Nick Danziger | OXFAM 36 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

more pressure on Oxfam, and our affected the lives of 8 million people Before the cyclone, villagers worked partners, to find sustainable and cost- in the eastern state of Odisha. Oxfam as farmers and fished for a living and effective ways to save lives and help responded quickly in the aftermath of it was important to help people to people to rebuild. the cyclone, providing over 110,000 re-start their small businesses so that people with clean drinking water, food they could rebuild their livelihoods. We We believe that humanitarian and shelter, as well as small cash set up cash-for-work programs, paying beneficiaries in total assistance should be delivered and payments for people to meet their people by the day to clear farmland, managed as close as possible to immediate needs. restore water points, and repair roads the origin of a disaster. This means and damaged fishponds. These small Women and Girls ensuring that Oxfam’s country teams In the first few weeks, trucks were injections of cash helped people to in vulnerable locations have the used to deliver vital drinking water return to a normal life, benefitting equipment and skills in place to to villagers. We also repaired and families, and entire communities. respond quickly when needed. This is improved sanitation facilities and made Men AND boys often in situations that do not make the sure that communities were using safe Oxfam provided emergency food rations headlines. As well as building our own hygiene practices in order to reduce the immediately after the disaster and capacity to respond to emergencies, risk of disease. Building materials were followed this with a seed distribution we are also working closely with local also distributed for people to construct program so that families could start Partner organizations partners to share approaches and temporary shelters before they could planting crops and plan ahead for resources, and ensure that citizens are start to rebuild their homes. the next harvest. We also specifically better prepared. targeted women’s associations, Ranjani’s story We then started work with local providing seeds, tools and training for “It was around 9am in morning when Fast and efficient communities to help them rebuild. members to set up vegetable gardens. the wind started blowing fast. It Response in India We repaired and improved wells In Puri and Ganjam, areas where suddenly became cold. Wind and rain and boreholes to reinstall water fishponds provided a livelihood for seemed to come from all directions,” Communal and ethnic clashes in supplies for home use and growing many communities, small grants helped Ranjani recalls. She and her family Assam, floods in Uttakarand, and crops. It was also important to provide women to re-start the process of drying moved to a nearby school where 400 cyclone Phailin devastated the lives training for communities so that fish for sale at local markets. people sheltered, the water level rising of millions of people in India in 2013. they could maintain their new water to knee-level. It wasn’t until around The damage wreaked by Phailin alone systems themselves.

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4am next morning that the wind started but most importantly, if we experience to die down and the floodwaters began flooding like this again, the channel to recede. will take the water away from the village and our homes.” The money Ranjani and her family stayed in the Ranjani makes not only keeps her confined conditions of the school for household running but is also being four days. On returning home, they used to pay her children’s school fees. faced a scene of devastation; collapsed “Yes, we lost our house but at least we houses inundated by silt, water are alive, safe and well. And Oxfam’s and debris. “We were mentally and has helped us to rebuild our lives.” physically exhausted with shock; as a result many of us fell sick with fever”. Response and preparing for future events in China The government provided some immediate food relief, and Oxfam On 20 April 2013, an earthquake and its local partner supplied food, measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale tarpaulins, groundsheets, blankets, jolted Sichuan province in China, supply systems and built durable could be caused, setting evacuation soap, buckets and tablets to purify killing almost 200 people and forcing latrines and bathing cubicles with plans and providing advice on the water. It then rained hard again, 700,000 to leave their homes. More personal hygiene kits so as to reduce building of emergency shelters. As part causing further flooding and misery for than 200,000 houses were destroyed. the threat of disease. of this program, we also rebuilt roads those who had lost so much already. Oxfam’s Sichuan team was quickly that were destroyed by the earthquake able to get to the affected area Once immediate needs were met, so that people could reach nearby Ranjani is working on an Oxfam to distribute emergency relief to Oxfam started work with poor towns, earn an income, and rebuild cash-for-work scheme to improve affected communities. We provided communities in remote areas to help their lives faster. irrigation systems in her village. “We basic necessities, such as cooking them be more prepared for the impact are digging a channel that will be used kits, mosquito nets, tarpaulins and of earthquake events. We delivered a It is essential that local organisations for irrigation and to feed the cattle, sleeping mats for people who had lost variety of community-based activities, – The Community Volunteer Association their houses. We also repaired water mapping places where future damage of Beichuan, Qiang Ethnic Minority

ABOVE Right: On 20 April 2013, an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale jolted Sichuan province in China, forcing 700,000 from their homes. Our team quickly reached the affected area with emergency relief, such as packed milk (shown here from a previous distribution), cooking kits, mosquito nets, tarpaulins and sleeping mats. PHOTO © Keith Wong | OXFAM 38 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

Autonomous County, and Chengdu Oxfam’s response focussed on the This region of Mexico faces many led to the displacement of over Charity Organization Service Park – state of Guerrero, on the Pacific coast, challenges and is likely to face more 350,000 people inside Mali and forced have the skills and training to help an area not reached by government aid severe weather events in the future, 175,000 others to seek safety in communities be better prepared or the work of other relief organizations. caused by climate change. We will neighbouring countries. for emergencies in high risk areas. Together with partners, over a three- continue to make sure the most Oxfam has taken care to involve these month period, we helped 5,500 people vulnerable people receive the support Oxfam responded with a humanitarian organisations in our response programs from 25 communities who were already they are entitled to, and that they program that met the essential needs so they can continue working with suffering from widespread violence and become stronger and more able to of internally displaced people in Mali, these communities. endemic poverty. face challenges. and the influx of refugees in Mauritania, Burkina Faso and Niger. Together with Mexico’s double disaster local partners, Oxfam provided urgently “over a three-month period, needed drinking water, food supplies In September 2013, two tropical storms we helped 5,500 people from and emergency sanitation and hygiene – Manuel and Ingrid – simultaneously facilities for 240,000 people. We also hit Mexico’s west and east coasts. This 25 communities” worked with people in the camps to find double disaster affected 22 of the 32 ways to make them feel less vulnerable, Mexican States, caused 157 deaths We repaired water systems to restore Conflict leads so that they would be able to withstand and forced thousands of people to drinking water supplies, distributed to crisis in Mali difficult situations in the future. leave their homes. Roads, bridges and tools for cleaning up debris, and ran Money and seed saving schemes can houses were destroyed, and thousands hygiene promotion workshops to raise Mali, and neighbouring countries in strengthen the ability to cope in tough of hectares of crops. awareness of the risk of disease. We Africa’s arid Sahel region, were not times, making life as a pastoralist or also provided cattle feed and ensured only dealing with the impact of a farmer more sustainable and durable. that cows were vaccinated. We made massive food crisis that affected the sure that communities understood lives of 18.7 million people, but also We ensured that people could access their rights of access to emergency the humanitarian impact of conflict in safe drinking water in all seasons, government assistance, and urged northern Mali. In early 2013, fighting and that the equipment and services the local and state governments to be between insurgent groups and provided were easy to maintain. In more prepared should a similar disaster subsequent military intervention all these activities, we considered occur again.

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the specific needs of women, men strength and income earning potential. and children, and tried to ensure the A group 200 women who are victims of protection of those facing the greatest violence have joined a scheme that will risk of human rights violations and enable them to earn a living. sexual violence. Peace, reconciliation Worsening food situation and protection of civilians Today, people who had fled across Since the start of the conflict in 2012, the borders to Mauritania, Burkina Oxfam has consistently campaigned Faso and Niger have started to return for the protection of civilians. This to Mali. Oxfam is gradually phasing has involved lobbying governments out its support and handing over and international institutions, urging remaining activities to partners in those them to meet the needs of those who countries. The humanitarian situation are caught up in the violence. Oxfam in Mali has not yet stabilized and food believes that a sustainable solution to security, particularly in the unstable the conflict in Mali will only be found north, is worryingly poor. In March if the root causes of the insurrection 2014, more than 1.5 million people still are understood. In June 2013, we needed support to cover their daily food interviewed people involved in the needs. Oxfam is now concentrating conflict and found that most were its efforts in northern Mali, and plans ready for dialogue and reconciliation. to deliver emergency assistance to In providing the means for people to 200,000 people over the coming year, raise their voices, Oxfam promoted an while helping people to improve their environment in which representatives livelihoods and resources for the of national and international future. We will be working very closely institutions could consider different with vulnerable women to build their perspectives and ways to achieve

ABOVE Right: In early 2013, fighting between insurgent groups and military intervention led to the displacement of over 350,000 people inside Mali and forced 175,000 others to seek safety in other countries. Nanaï Touré and her family were in Konna when armed guards arrived and her village. She fled with her youngest child, but could not find the other two until a week later when she returned home. PHOTO © Habibatou Gologo | OXFAM 40 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

lasting peace. This tone was evident people still need humanitarian providing access to, and understanding used to replant crops and fodder for at a high-level donor conference for assistance, 1.1 million people remain of, how best to respond to the needs livestock; and vaccination programs are Development in Mali in May 2013. displaced, and 1 million live as refugees of a wide range of communities. We protecting them from disease. Oxfam in other countries. Women face the have also made good use of digital has also provided training and funds Oxfam also participated an international second highest maternal mortality technology to target people affectively, for vulnerable communities to set up campaign to raise awareness of rates in the world and babies, the for example use of mobile phones to small businesses. violence against women. We posted highest mortality rates at birth. transfer money securely to those most pictures of women and men who in need. Standing with women had suffered gender-based and Humanitarian Oxfam has worked with partner sexual violence in the cities of Gao, Seventy per cent of the population has Being more resilient to drought organisations in Somalia to enable Tombouctou, Bamako and others, in a no access to clean drinking water, and Somalia is an arid country, and while women, and men, to have a stronger national campaign of over 16 Days of fewer than one in four people have rural farmers are skilled in getting the voice in influencing decisions that Activism Against Gender Violence. This adequate sanitation facilities and basic best out of their land, those who are affect them. This involves working with approach helped break the silence health services. Oxfam’s approach has still displaced or just returning to their groups and local organisations so that around these crimes and ensure their been to target those most at risk – villages require additional support to they have a better understanding of effects on Mali’s social fabric do not particularly malnourished children and get going again. This year’s harvest their basic rights, and finding ways to go unnoticed. pregnant mothers - with these basic was below average, which meant that ensure that they raise their concerns necessities. We also set up nutrition food supplies were unlikely to last with government authorities and Somalia programs and provided cash vouchers and there would be insufficient seeds through national, and international so that people could buy produce from available for planting. media. We provided training for local Helping Somalis inside local markets (rather than depend on spokespeople and activists so that the country and abroad food aid). Together with partners, Oxfam has they were better prepared to lobby for Two decades of fighting and instability helped these farmers to re-invest in the women’s quota in the Somaliland in Somalia has severely affected the Between January and March 2014, over their land and build some security to parliament. Radio programs debated infrastructure and prosperity of the 360,000 people benefitted from Oxfam’s see them through times of austerity the civil and political rights of women, country, making it difficult for people humanitarian assistance - making a and conflict. Tree planting programs reaching an audience of over 10,000 to cope, especially during periods total of over one million people reached are improving the fertility of the soil; people. The situation in Somalia of drought or flooding. While living since January 2013. Local partners water supplies have been repaired to remains challenging for women, but conditions have improved compared have been critical to our success, irrigate land; seeds and tools are being things are changing. to previous years, more than 3 million

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by 13 other agencies) on the extent to Partnership approach, Sudan which remittances from the UK were essential for meeting people’s basic Renewed violence in Darfur in 2013 needs. We held round-table meetings and early 2014 resulted in hundreds with key government departments of thousands of people fleeing for in the UK and USA; briefed politicians their lives. More than 200,000 people in advance of a debate in the UK left their homes in search of shelter Parliament; organized an event with and security, arriving in camps and the Rift Valley Institute attended by safer villages with little more than the over 300 people in Nairobi; met with clothes on their backs. Oxfam was banks and the Somali companies already working with partners in the involved; held a panel event in London region, and initiated new programs to on the issue for Somali Week festival; respond to the worsening situation. and supported an excellent UK Somali In multiple locations across Darfur, led campaign which achieved 100,000 we delivered clean water; sanitation signatures to a petition within a week. Remittances success as part of their efforts to counter facilities, hygiene supplies and other Somalia currently has no formal terrorism and money laundering. essential aid to 90,000 newly displaced Our intensive work, and the banking sector and more than 40 per Working closely with partners, Oxfam people. Part of this also involved campaigning efforts of others, cent of families rely on remittances endeavoured to persuade the UK and providing them with up-to-date generated a large amount of media that are sent from migrant workers US governments, banks, and Somali information about the security coverage and helped to highlight the living outside the country. These money transfer operators (MTOs) to situation in Darfur. importance of the remittance issue money transfers make up over a third of work together to find a solution to for Somalis. The UK Government set up Somalia’s economy and are relied on by this issue. At the heart of Oxfam’s work in Sudan a task force to address the problem many people to meet their basic needs. is the ambition to deliver high- and the campaign also led in part to Oxfam gathered feedback from Somalis quality emergency assistance, and Barclays bank delaying the planned Banks and financial regulators were in in Somalia on the potential impact of to strengthen the capacity of local closures of the accounts. danger of inadvertently undermining the closure of money transfers and partners to do so too. This becomes this lifeline and driving it underground produced a joint briefing paper (signed our immediate priority any time

ABOVE Left: While living conditions in Somalia have improved, one million people still live as refugees in other countries. Life in camps such as Dadaab, in northern Kenya, is tough but, given the opportunity, children have an innate ability to have fun. PHOTO © Petterik Wiggers | OXFAM 42 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

violence flares. We are working closely Involving Sudanese voices with a local organization, Kebkabiya in the peace process Smallholders Charitable Society (KSCS), Over the past year, Oxfam ensured who “has access to every village in the that the voices and concerns of area and can reach everyone, mobilize Sudanese partners were heard in wider everyone - even during a conflict”, discussions about achieving peace says Mohammed Abdel Rahaman in countries affected by conflict in working for KSCS. the region – Sudan, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia In March 2014, fierce fighting broke and Mali. In April 2013, together with out in a large town in North Darfur; other agencies, we gathered testimony and despite security challenges, KSCS from people in these countries to was quickly able to provide clean understand their hopes and aspirations water to tens of thousands of people for peace as the African Union th displaced by the violence. When celebrated its 50 anniversary. residents returned to what was left of their homes, KSCS rehabilitated water specific needs sources throughout the town and also of women in Yemen laid the groundwork for sustainable estimated 14.7 million Yemenis, more grants to households so that they improvements to water quality and Yemen is the poorest country in the than half of the country’s population, could meet their basic needs and public health. The key challenge for Arab region and one of the places suffered from lack of water, food and invest in activities to enable them to Oxfam and its partners in Sudan is to where people are the most exposed other basic needs. earn a sustainable income. We also help vulnerable communities not only to food scarcity in the world. The continued our successful program with recover from life threatening crisis and inability of the government to end Oxfam has worked in Yemen for 29 the government water authorities and violence, but become stronger and violence, and control high food and years. This year we responded to the communities to improve clean water more resilient, and to pave the way for fuel prices exacerbated an already essential needs of more than half a supplies throughout Yemen. future development. dire humanitarian situation. In 2014 an million people. We gave small cash

ABOVE Right: Yemen is the poorest country in the Arab region, where people are highly exposed to food scarcity. This year, Oxfam reached more than half a million people with small cash grants to meet their basic needs. Nine year-old Nagat is seen here working in the fields in Al Fash village in Hays, where the population lives on an average of $1 per day. PHOTO © Abbie Trayler-Smith | OXFAM 43 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 4 Saving Lives, Now and in the Future

Our program in Yemen was enhanced by Arms Trade Treaty At this point, Oxfam had already been photo. More than one million ‘faces’ a study to increase our understanding involved in developing ideas for the ATT were collected – at a time when of the specific roles of women and “The arms trade is out of control. It for 6 years as one of a group of NGOs smartphones and the ‘selfie’ did not men in Yemeni society. This increased is a global problem with horrific local and Nobel Peace Laureates, which exist and social media were much less our understanding of the dynamics in consequences – and it is poor people promoted the idea of an international developed (Facebook didn’t open for communities and enabled us to hone who suffer the most. An Arms Trade code of conduct for arms transfers general members until September 2006) . our program in more subtle ways so as Treaty is desperately needed, to stop starting in 1997. to better address some of the issues the flow of arms to abusers and to In October 2013, UN Secretary General that vulnerable people face. help make all our societies safer,” said At its launch in October 2003, the Kofi Annan met with Julius Arile from Barbara Stocking, former Director of Control Arms Campaign was active in 50 Kenya, the ‘millionth face’ in the Control Oxfam believes women can play a Oxfam GB. With these words, Oxfam countries. Between 2003 and 2006, the Arms petition. Julius was a former greater role in helping to stabilize and helped launch the Control Arms draft ATT was circulated to government armed cattle raider who turned to promote development in Yemen, and campaigning against armed violence have started work with partners, such and for arms control when his best as the Friends of Yemen group, to “The campaign led to 153 friend was killed. This event was part explore ways to open up opportunities countries voting to launch of a concerted campaign by Control for women. By understanding how Arms, now with members in over 100 women are involved in local market the official process” countries, at the UN General Assembly economies, such as the garment that autumn. The campaign led to 153 trade, we are also gaining more insight campaign, alongside the International and discussed with their experts, countries voting to launch the official into how best to engage and support Action Network on Small Arms (IANSA) slowly building support for the idea that process that would lead to the adoption women in programs to achieve a long- and Amnesty International on October this project was feasible. of the ATT by the UN general Assembly term sustainable future for Yemen. 9, 2003. This was the beginning of ten on April 2, 2013. years of campaigning and advocacy Oxfam and its partners in Control Arms work to bring about the Arms Trade launched the Million Faces Petition Treaty (ATT). where people showed support for an ATT by contributing a personal

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Introduction These two important goals have much generating a groundswell of support, and allies, to enable people to in common. Many of our programs and enabling Oxfam and others to understand their legal rights so that In a world reeling from unpredictable involve elements of both. We view put pressure on governments and they can own and farm their own weather patterns and huge increases them a separate strategic goals so as international institutions to recognise land. Poor people are in increasing in the price of staple goods, poor to provide a strong focus for each. In the contribution that smallholder competition with powerful interests and marginalised people are acutely looking at food security as an issue, farmers make to their economies and for control of land, water and energy exposed and vulnerable. They face the we are building the resilience of poor provide the support they need. resources, and Oxfam gives a voice to critical challenges of being able to grow people so that they can sustain their these communities so that they are and buy enough food and gaining fair own livelihoods in an increasingly Our goal to help poor communities not bullied or intimidated. We fight for access to the land, water and energy volatile global context. Our local, achieve a fair share of natural their rights, exposing cases of unfair resources they need for survival. national and international campaigns resources involves using our program land grabs or multinational companies are giving a voice to these farmers, experience, and that of our partners exploiting natural resources at the expense of poor communities.

Previous Page: Girls carrying rations they received at an Oxfam food distribution in Govere village, Chirumanzu district, Zimbabwe. PHOTO © Caroline Gluck | OXFAM 46 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 5 Sustainable food and access to natural resources

Sustainable food pressing food companies to behave GROW – Oxfam’s that we have with our partners and responsibly will result in more equitable food justice campaign allies, that enabled Oxfam to achieve In a world where there is enough models of agricultural trade. some considerable campaigning food to feed everyone on the planet, Oxfam’s GROW campaign sets out to and advocacy successes at the it is unacceptable that nearly 900 Food prices are going up. Food quality find practical solutions to the failings international and local levels. million people go hungry each year. is going down. And nearly a billion of of the world’s complex global food Figures from the Food and Agriculture the world’s poorest people – people system that leave so many in need and The campaign is active in more than Organization (FAO) of the United Nations who did the least to cause climate hungry. The campaign encompasses 50 countries. Small-scale farmers, suggest that around one in eight change – are finding it even harder all elements of food justice, from women’s groups and other local people worldwide suffer from chronic to feed their families. Soon, climate illegal land grabs, to farming practices, organisations are uniting behind the hunger every day. change will affect what all of us can volatile food prices, and the growing GROW cause, and in large numbers, are eat. For poor countries, tackling climate impact of climate change – and asserting their right to receive support We know that small-scale farming change is focussed on survival and therefore features in both the food and investment, as a sustainable offers exciting potential to both reduce the right to develop; for rich countries and natural resources sections in solution to the world food crisis. poverty for two billion of the world’s the ambition is to change lifestyle this report. Under the framework of GROW, these poorest people, and meet the world’s and levels of consumption. This is countries addressed issues that are growing food needs. Huge areas of profoundly unequal. There is a clear GROW is grounded in high quality most pressing in their own national productive land are cultivated in this need to help countries adapt to climate development programs that directly context, from investment in agriculture, way, often by women, providing 80 per change, and this starts with a focus on benefit smallholder farmers – and in land rights, adapting to climate change, cent of the food consumed by people small-scale farming. particular women. We are confident to women’s role in farming. in developing countries. We know that we can achieve our ambition for that by increasing the power of small Working with partners and allies, many more small-scale farmers to Ten years after the Maputo Summit producers in markets, supporting the governments and international grow sufficient food and adapt to the (2003) where African Heads of State development of small-businesses and institutions – and millions of people shocks and stresses of a changing promised to allocate at least 10 living in poverty around the world - we climate. It is this combination of strong per cent of their national budget to saw significant achievements in 2013. program work, and the relationship agriculture, only eight countries had

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consistently met this target. The GROW partnered with a national television campaign, together with One and other company to bring the lives, struggles allies, launched a campaign across and triumphs of women food producers West Africa to raise awareness of the to the attention of the public. And ‘Oil promise, and to demand significant for Food’ in Ghana mobilised peasant investment in small-scale agriculture. farmers and resulted in the Ghanaian Over two million people signed up to the government substantially meeting celebrity-backed campaign, and the demands for increased investment in resulting petition was presented small-scale agriculture. to African Ministers and Heads of State at the African Union (AU) summit Internationally, our campaigning has in Malabo, July 2014. Designated as focussed on land rights and the critical the ‘Year of Agriculture and Food role of the private sector. In 2013 we Security’, the AU members re-affirmed influenced the policies of the world’s their commitment to devote ten per biggest food companies, as well as cent of their budgets to agricultural the World Bank. In three years, ‘Behind development. They also agreed a the Brands’ has engaged hundreds number of other targets, including of thousands of people in a drive to Adapting to a Malawi who are rotating crops to follow doubling agricultural productivity, and get food companies to do better. As changing climate in uganda different weather patterns; or farmers halving post-harvest loss. more people support the campaign in Vietnam who are planting mangrove worldwide, an international movement Oxfam is working with millions of people to protect their land from storms. National campaigns in Tanzania is being built – one that cannot be around the world who are already taking and Ghana (see stories below) also ignored by governments, private sector positive steps to reduce the impact In Uganda, the Africa Climate Change mobilised huge numbers of people and international institutions, with of variable weather patterns and a Resilience Alliance (ACCRA), a coalition – and their governments listened the power to influence change on a changing climate. This could be farmers of four agencies and Oxfam persuaded and took account of their views. global scale. in Thailand who are building irrigation the government to provide weather In Tanzania, ‘Female Food Heroes’ canals for crops that can thrive in forecasts in local languages. The drought or rainy seasons; or farmers in new weather forecasts were received

ABOVE Right: In response to the clearance of more and more land by the plantations the community of the Caarapó Municipality in Brazil have put up a erected a ‘chiru’ (sacred sticks and crosses to protect Guarani Kaiowá people and land). The structure is a physical last stand to send out a message that they will not allow any more native land to be cleared. PHOTO © Tatiana Cardeal | OXFAM 48 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 5 Sustainable food and access to natural resources and understood, and approximately in the local language, which has not Micro-dairies In Colombia, Oxfam is working with 200,000 small-scale farmers from happened before. I do not know how in Colombia Alpina, a dairy processor that has set Kitgum (one of Uganda’s poorest to write so I instructed my son to write up micro-dairies as collection points and most arid regions) now receive the important points. It has helped Oxfam has helped millions of small- for milk. After taking their milk to the the information they need to make me to plan and so far the forecast scale producers, most of whom are dairy, small-producers get paid a fair important farming decisions. Farmers has been accurate. ” Akello Lucia, women, to achieve success. They tend price and receive training in veterinary can decide whether to switch to smallholder and farmer, Amida Sub- to work from home, often with others in care, finance or enhancing production. varieties of fast-maturing crops to County, Kitgum District. their community, to grow crops, raise Milk production has moved from family take advantage of short periods of livestock, and make products for sale consumption to the beginnings of a rainfall, and plant trees to provide Significant national adaptation funding in local markets. The income earned small business, and the results are shade and moisture should there be a ($ 5.3 million) was given to ACCRA for from these kinds of activities can promising. There has been an 87 per long-term forecast of drought. a six-year program to research the put children through school, pay for cent improvement in milk quality and 26 extent to which a range of projects healthcare, and other household goods per cent increase in yield at the diary. Most importantly, having access to in Uganda, Mozambique and Ethiopia to top up a family income. Small-scale producers are bringing in weather forecasts empowers farmers were helping farmers to adapt to more, better quality milk and the price and provides them with information to changing weather patterns. Eleven A poor rural family in Colombia may they are getting now is 15 per cent plan ahead and make good decisions. projects were selected from these own one or two cows that are usually more than before. This subtle shift in the power of three countries for research, a critical used to provide milk and dairy smallholders is huge for the farmers outcome that involved local partners. products for the family. However, if In response to an important report themselves – not just in making them ACCRA members also worked effectively milk supplies are pooled and can be by Alpina and Oxfam, the government feel less vulnerable, but because also with Government departments to share collected efficiently, the product can has improved access to credit for because, often for the first time, they learning and scale up initiatives in a become a potential source of income small rural enterprises, and the micro- have options. “For the first time we national context. for families. This is when they turn into dairy model is supported by a public have received the weather forecasts small-scale producers. fund worth $US15 million. As a result the micro-dairy model is now being replicated across 14 municipalities, benefitting a further 7,800 people.

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Oil Revenue for voice of farm workers was not heard A new figure of 15 per cent ($62 million) energy in transport by 2020. We have ghana’s farmers at important decision-making levels. of oil revenue would now be allocated seen the consequences of land grabs This is in a context of the incredible to modernizing agriculture, with and evictions to make way for biofuel Small-scale famers make up 60 per potential wealth of Ghanaian oil emphasis on fisheries and food. And crops. And we know that this reduces cent of Ghana’s population but they revenue and an expectation exports 94.5 per cent of these funds will be food production and pushes up global receive just an 8.5 per cent share of will generate an average of $1 billion spent on efforts to alleviate the poverty food prices, resulting in deeper hunger public spending. This campaign grew annually for the next 20 years. of small-scale farmers. and malnutrition in poor countries. By out of awareness that all too often the lobbying both national governments Oxfam’s Oil4Food campaign mobilised Europe, biofuels and the European Institutions, we have Ghana’s farmers to persuade the and inflated food prices worked alongside others to change government to ensure a fairer existing legislation and shape future EU distribution of oil revenue in the In Europe, policies that promote the biofuels policy. national budget. In November 2013, use of biofuels have been praised for the Peasant Farmers Association of providing alternative forms of energy, We have been partially successful. of oil revenue now allocated to Ghana (PFAG), Africa Centre for Energy reducing reliance on oil and the burning The European Parliament has voted modernizing agriculture Policy (ACEP), and other Grow Campaign of fossil fuels. This approach, however, in favour of reforming current EU law allies lobbied parliament to prioritise has proven an expensive and wholly to limit the use of food for fuel and support for smallholder farming. Over ineffective approach, with some to take into account the true carbon 20,000 peasant farmers had already biofuels releasing more greenhouse footprint of biofuels. The European of the population are small-scale farmers signed a petition demanding increased gases into the atmosphere than Commission has proposed to end investment in agriculture as part of the fossil fuels. By 2020, European Union support for food-based biofuels after campaign. Oil4Food also targeted urban (EU) biofuel mandates alone could 2020, removing transport targets youth in Ghana via Facebook, Twitter, increase the price of some basic food from its 2030 renewable energy policy public spending to and Instagram and text messages as a commodities by as much as 36 per cent. blueprint. The key to reform however small-scale farmers means to lobby the government to use lies with European governments that oil money to feed Ghana’s people. Throughout 2013, Oxfam’s advocacy continue to block reform and advocate team continued to lobby against biofuel for a continuation of the current flawed In November 2013, the government policies that were introduced by the policy after 2020. Oxfam will continue of funds to alleviate poverty of small-scale farmers of Ghana announced that it would EU to achieve 10 per cent of renewable to work with like-minded partners to substantially meet these demands.

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players can place on the future prices The global rush for land is being of commodities such as wheat or driven by many factors – among them maize. With many of the world’s poorest rocketing demand for food, fuel, feed spending up to 80 per cent of their and fibre. As the global consumption income on food, the new measures of resources continues to outstrip should reduce volatility of commodity demand, cases of community evictions prices and increase food security for are growing. Land has become a hot those in the developing world. Oxfam commodity, pitting corporate interests will continue to put pressure on the against ordinary people, and rich EU to ensure that the MiFID Directive is countries against poor. implemented effectively. In September 2011 Oxfam released Fair share of the report ‘Land and Power: The natural resources growing scandal surrounding the new wave of investments in land’. This demonstrated that the food price crisis press European governments to end After European banks scrapped funds Oxfam works to ensure protection of 2008 had accelerated the rate of the use of food for fuel, ensuring the that speculate on the price of food for vulnerable communities who are land acquisition by foreign investors voices of the developing world are commodities in 2012-13, there were at risk of losing their land, water and in developing countries. Up to two clearly heard. further positive moves with the reform energy resources because bigger, more thirds of large-scale land acquisitions of legislation regulating European powerful interests want to put the land have occurred in Africa with the Oxfam and its allies have also put financial markets and the Markets in to other uses. Women and girls – as majority of investors planning to export pressure on the EU to introduce Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID). over half of the world’s farmers and food everything grown on that land. This meaningful regulation to limit the producers - are often disproportionally is happening in a context where over extent to which banks and other In spite of stark opposition from the affected, with many forced from their 90 per cent of land in Sub-Saharan financial actors are able to gamble on financial sector and other powerful homes and farms, often violently, being Africa is unregistered, according to the food prices. Speculative commodity lobbies, this new legislation gives dispossessed of their livelihoods and World Bank, leaving communities with funds artificially inflate the price regulators the authority to set hard cast into destitution. customary or communal tenure rights of food commodities, making them limits on the amount of bets financial vulnerable to dispossession. unaffordable for millions of people.

ABOVE Right: The madness of food being used to fill cars as biofuels rather than being used to feed people was illustrated by in Brussels who attempted to fit as many people as possible inside a Mini (September 2013). PHOTO © Lode Saidane | OXFAM 51 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 5 Sustainable food and access to natural resources

GROW campaign’s up to the global level – at institutions focus on land like the World Bank, the UN’s World Committee on Food Security and the G8. In the face of this challenge, the At the national level we’ve been working GROW campaign has focussed both in strong alliances with partners and on empowering affected communities communities and have urged justice for and tackling the ‘rules of the game’ affected communities from Guatemala that govern access to land. Oxfam to Uganda, Darfur to Honduras. has helped organise ‘land hearings’ in Africa and Asia, bringing communities And it’s working. Top quality research, who have suffered land grabs media hits, supporter mobilisation, together to share their stories and publications, lobby, and working in their search for justice. At the same strong alliances with partners and time Oxfam campaigns to ensure that communities have all contributed to stronger global rules not only protect our work becoming truly global. Coke’s communities from land grabs but also commitment to zero tolerance for land strengthen their rights to the land and grabs (see the Behind the Brands story) Behind the Brands a revenue of US $418 billion (2010 is just one in a series of successes. resources they depend on for their figures), and huge global influence over Oxfam is now a well-respected but food security. In February 2013, the GROW campaign their vast supply chains. radical voice arguing compellingly launched its Behind the Brands for the rights of poor and vulnerable Working with partners and allies, Oxfam initiative to tackle and improve the We used robust research to assess the communities to the land and resources has targeted companies, governments, private sector’s role in the food system. policies and attitudes of each company, they depend on for their livelihoods. investors and donors, working from We focused on the ten largest food to assess their performance in the the grassroots level with affected and beverage companies in the world following areas: land, women, farmers, communities across the world right – Nestlé, PepsiCo, Unilever, Mondelēz, workers, climate, transparency and Coca-Cola, Mars, Danone, Associated water. Using a ‘company scorecard’, we British Foods (ABF), General Mills, and then objectively ranked each company Kellogg’s – who between them have against each issue. All ten companies

ABOVE LEFt: The Behind the Brands Scorecard assesses the agricultural sourcing policies of the world’s 10 largest food and beverage companies. It exclusively focuses on publicly available information that relates to the policies of these companies on their sourcing of agricultural commodities from developing countries. IMAGE © OXFAM 52 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 5 Sustainable food and access to natural resources

fell short of the standards we expect, influencing these major companies has The Behind the Brands Scorecard has were handed over from supporters with the highest ranked company been applauded by USAID, FAO, and the been updated three times since the expressing their concerns. ‘In My scoring only 38/70. World Bank. It has created an entirely launch and we will continue to reflect Place’, a pioneering video project with new space for civil society and private changes in the companies’ policies. Our the band Coldplay was released at We first took on the issue of land, sector dialogue. It has also committed next action will focus on greenhouse the same time. Oxfam supporters from targeting Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola and PepsiCo to wide ranging gas emissions in the companies’ supply 55 countries submitted nearly 7,000 Associated British Foods (ABF) for scrutiny of their practices in the long chains. The food system is responsible photos and videos of themselves, their involvement in the clearance of term, and Oxfam will be there every step for a quarter of all global emissions their friends and their possessions in farmer’s land for sugar production. of the way to engage with them and – with these 10 food and beverage ‘unfamiliar surroundings’ to illustrate In November 2013, after 225,000 had monitor their progress. companies generating more emissions land grabbing. An edited film was signed an online petition, Coca-Cola than Finland, Sweden, Denmark and then released with a special acoustic committed itself to policy of ‘zero Now, nine of the ten BTB companies Norway combined. version of the song for sharing on tolerance of land grabs’ and committed have improved their policies on land, social media. its bottlers and franchisers to do the with eight adopting critically important World Bank and Land same. Coca-Cola also committed to policies that give communities the Our campaign achieved some notable sweeping social and environmental right to decide whether a development In 2013, Oxfam targeted the World Bank victories, including a statement from assessments across its supply chains goes ahead on their land. Hundreds as both a global standard-setter and the head of the Bank, Dr. Jim Yong Kim in Colombia, Guatemala, Brazil, India, of thousands of customers also investor in land, asking it to clean up that “efforts must be made to build South Africa and other countries. In responded to an action urging the its own act. Our research showed that capacity and safeguards related to addition, the company also agreed to parent companies of brand such as 60 per cent of complaints brought by land rights”. The World Bank committed reveal its biggest sugarcane suppliers. Twinings Tea, Frosties, Haagen Daaz, communities against the Bank involved to ensuring that its own activities are Pringles and Coca-Cola to improve a land conflicts, and that the Bank’s governed by Voluntary Guidelines on In March 2014, PepsiCo followed suit, range of their policies, generating a current safeguards were insufficient to Land Tenure, the only global standards with similar commitments. These ‘race to the top’ in the industry. Nestlé, protect communities’ rights. on land tenure and rights, and agreed are unprecedented and historic Mars and Mondelēz also committed that land issues should be addressed engagements, and major wins for Oxfam to improving working conditions for Our public campaign culminated in in a review of its safeguards. The first – no other companies have agreed women in the cocoa supply chain. All April 2013 at the World Bank Spring draft of these new safeguard policies, to such wide-ranging commitments three companies signed up to the UN Meetings in Washington DC. An Oxfam presented in April 2014, includes to examine and monitor their supply Women’s Empowerment Principles truck drove around the World Bank protections for communities from land chains before. This success in (WEP) that set out best practice for building for two days proclaiming ‘Stand acquisitions – a result of successful women in the workplace. and Deliver’ and 50,000 signatures lobbying by Oxfam.

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Land titles moved their sugar cane refinery from private security units responded by families of the 769. Molina’s statement for evicted families the south coast to the Polochic Valley, forcibly evicted 769 families from 14 was emphatic, “I will not rest until all renaming it Chawil Utz’aj (‘Good Cane’ communities in the Valley. Three people the families receive land and a roof over In developing countries, as many as in the local Q’eqchi language), using a died in the ensuring violence. their heads. We will continue in the 227 million hectares of land – an area loan of US$26 million from the Central struggle. These are not promises but a the size of Western Europe – has been American Bank for Economic Integration Oxfam joined forces with the affected commitment towards the 769 families sold or leased since 2001. The bulk of (CABEI). By 2008, Chawil Utz’aj had families, Guatemalan farmer’s of the Polochic Valley”. Progress since these land acquisitions has taken place planted 5,000 hectares of sugar cane. movements, NGOs, and Oxfam has been slow but there are grounds over the past two years. Local residents for optimism that all the families will regularly lose out to local elites and eventually have a solution. We will domestic or foreign investors because “indigenous communities continue to monitor the situation and they lack the power to claim their celebrated as President Otto hold the government to their promise. rights effectively. Perez Molina of Guatemala Farmers stand up Guatemala has been discovered handed over new land titles” to multinational, Dinant internationally as a suitable area for In January 2014, following a damning biofuels production, both for ethanol The smallholders who farmed the land supporters, to bringing world attention audit of the World Bank’s US$30 million (sugar cane) and biodiesel (palm oil). had no option but to seek refuge in the to the forced displacement of these investment in Dinant – a palm oil This has given rise to a new wave of steep and infertile lands of the Sierra families. We exerted pressure on the company taking over vast tracts of land land dispossession, targeting the few de las Minas. Guatemalan government to provide in Honduras – Oxfam, together with 70 remaining indigenous and peasant fair financial compensation for these global NGOs and local allies, called on lands. The area planted with sugar cane According to media articles, by 2010 families, with a petition that was the Bank to withhold further financing in Guatemala increased from 3.4 per Chawil Utz’aj was struggling to repay signed by over 100,000 people from to Dinant and ensure that such cases cent of the total agricultural area in the loan, and their land was put up 55 countries. don’t happen again. 1980 to 14 per cent in 2008. for public auction. The farmers who left the valley a few years earlier, then In October 2013, indigenous The expansion of palm oil plantations The Polochic Valley region in the north decided to return to occupy the land communities celebrated as President in the Aguán Valley has been west of the country is one of the areas for food production. In March 2011, Otto Perez Molina of Guatemala handed associated with extensive abuses, targeted for increased sugar cane over new land titles to the first 140 cultivation. In 2005, the Widmann family including the killing, kidnapping and

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forced eviction of farmers. The lawyer way for timber plantations. In 2013, for the communities was assassinated, the Mubende community signed after winning a court case to return a Final Agreement with the New land to people displaced by Dinant’s Forests Company (NFC), concluding plantation. Oxfam helped ensure that nearly 15 months of negotiations the role of the International Finance that were facilitated by IFC’s Office of Corporation, part of the World Bank, Compliance Advisor/Ombudsman (CAO). was scrutinised in stories in the The CAO handles complaints from New York Times, Washington Post communities affected by investments and Financial Times. While the IFC at made by the IFC. first ignored the findings of its own accountability mechanisms, pressure Oxfam supported the communities from civil society, media and the Board throughout the process, providing legal forced it to revise its position with advice and capacity-building support. new concrete solutions. In April 2014, In December 2013, the Mubende The future In 2014-15 the focus of GROW will be the IFC issued an extraordinary mea community was able to buy 500 acres of on the impacts of climate change on culpa and a promise to learn lessons land to build homes and grow crops. A We know that it is possible to secure food production. Wild weather and from its mistakes, not only in the Dinant community member told the CAO “These enough food for everyone, everywhere. unpredictable seasons are already case but also in other cases of land days we dream – we dream of having Oxfam will continue to work with the changing what farmers can grow. As conflicts. It also released a future, we dream of a new beginning millions of people around the world temperatures rise, extreme weather an Action Plan to help remedy the on our land. I am very happy;” another who are strengthening their ability to events are becoming more frequent impact of Dinant’s operations in the said, “Even if you are small, vulnerable grow food in an increasingly volatile and more severe. We will continue to Aguán Valley. – our voices were heard and they were global context. Through our GROW demand action from governments and listened to.” Since then, the second campaigns, we will also continue to big businesses to cut emissions, to help Our voices affected community in neighbouring maintain pressure on governments, farmers deal with changing weather and were heard Kiboga district has also signed a Final the private sector and international make sure there’s enough good food Agreement with NFC and is in the institutions to ensure that policies are for us all. This means working closely In September 2011, Oxfam profiled process of purchasing land. fair and reflect the needs of small- with our allies, including progressive two land deals in Uganda in which scale farmers and producers. governments, to influence the UN communities were evicted to make climate change negotiation process.

ABOVE Right: Oxfam ensure protection for vulnerable communities who are at risk of losing their land, water and energy resources because more powerful interests want to put the land to other uses. In this media campaign, ‘SOLD’ signs were placed next to iconic British landmarks as part of our call to stop land grabs in developing countries. PHOTO © Kieran Doherty | OXFAM 55 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Section 6 Section

the world, and political systems are of this process in helping developing increasingly slanted towards serving countries to improve tax collection 6 the more prosperous, resulting in systems and strengthening the divided societies. infrastructure and systems needed to deliver high quality public services. But it does not have to be this way. Austerity measures are continuing to The growing gap between the richest affect the size of aid budgets but some and the rest can be reversed, creating governments, including the UK with a a more equal and productive world. renewed commitment to reach 0.7 per Good quality, free, public health cent by 2015, are working to protect and education are strong weapons these funds. This needs to be the norm in the fight against inequality and not the exception. can be achieved on a global scale if governments introduced fairer, We work alongside people who are No one should have to think twice All too often the basic rights of fair progressive taxation systems. Any speaking out – they are asking for tax before visiting a doctor. Yet every access to health and education are fair taxation system would need to be justice and demanding their rights to second, three people have to make this ignored and seen by governments as transparent and involve people holding health care and education. By working difficult decision. For many people this a luxury that they cannot afford. their governments and other bodies to together, with communities, local means having to make an agonising Barriers to state provision are created account for the spending on health and groups, civil society and donors, we choice - to treat one family member because of cost, and also because education services. can ensure governments have the over another, or to not buy food or pay of the perceived challenges of money they need to deliver health and for school fees. This is the stark reality committing to delivering good Global tax practices can also harm education to everyone. of poverty. Free access to good quality standards of health care and education the poorest countries. Governments public health services, and education, for all. There is a widening gap between need to work together to ensure that would transform the lives of millions rich and poor in countries around multinational companies pay their fair of people. share. Aid can be an important part

Previous Page: Lucy Chilinda (35) tends to a three-week old baby, Edith, at Bwalia Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. She has already worked three 24-hour shifts this week. Her wages have improved but are still not enough. She would love to stay in nursing and hopes that things will get better. PHOTO © Abbie Trayler-Smith | OXFAM 57 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 6 Finance for development and essential services

Speaking Out on Inequality political systems. It helps the richest to Working for the Many undermine democratic processes and ‘Working for the Few‘ highlighted how By making comparisons with policies Working for the Few drive policies, such as tax secrecy and growing inequality can skew political imposed on Latin America, South- The gap between the rich and poor is havens, which promote their interests systems in the favour of the richest but East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa in growing in countries around the world. at the expense of everyone else. In six the report also looked at why inequality the 1980s and 1990s, Oxfam used our Many leading organisations view this countries (Brazil, India, South Africa, is not inevitable and can be fought with experience of working in these regions increasing economic inequality as a Spain, the UK and US) opinion polls policies that benefit everyone. Oxfam’s to warn European leaders that the path major risk to human development so show that most people believe that counterpart report ‘Working for the of strict austerity would have far- that we can all lead secure and happier laws are skewed in favour of the rich. Many’ then explored how free public reaching effects. Rather than being the lives. The World Economic Forum said services, such as health and education, only option for European governments, that this growing inequality has the Oxfam was an authoritative media and are some of the strongest weapons in Oxfam called for a move towards more potential to unbalance social stability social media presence at the World this fight. They benefit everyone but inclusive growth that would deliver and threaten global security. Economic Forum in Davos (January they can help the poorest people most better outcomes for Europeans and of all. the environment.

“Oxfam was an authoritative Cautionary Tale One solution available to policy-makers media and social media presence With austerity measures becoming is to introduce fairer tax systems the norm across Europe, Oxfam also that ensure the wealthiest pay their at the World Economic Forum” explored the impact of poverty and fair share while cracking down on inequality in this region. Our report, ‘A multinationals and individuals who Oxfam’s research, in the report ‘Working 2014) and the 85 statistic continues Cautionary Tale’, presented a damning continue to dodge taxes. This approach for the Few’, found that the 85 richest to be quoted around the world and we outlook on Europe’s future, predicting would help to raise more money for people in the world own as much as continue to speak out this growing that up to 25 million more Europeans basic services, including health and half of the world’s population. This extreme inequality. could be pushed into poverty by 2025 education, which are increasingly massive concentration of economic if austerity measures continued to be being denied to Europe’s most resources in the hands of a small implemented, taking the total to over a vulnerable citizens. number of people endangers inclusive quarter of the population.

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Health for all In fact the opposite happened. The Lesotho Ministry of Health is now Lesotho is a small landlocked country locked into an 18-year contract that within southern Africa. It is one of the already consumes more than half poorest and most economically divided of its annual budget. Scarce public countries in the world with many health funds have also been diverted to care challenges including the world’s the hospital from primary healthcare third highest burden of HIV and AIDS. services in rural areas where the The new Queen Mamohato Memorial majority of the population live. Hospital in Lesotho’s capital Maseru Lesotho’s experience supports was built to replace Lesotho‘s old main international evidence that this kind public hospital, the Queen Elizabeth of health public-private partnership II Hospital. It is the first project of its is high risk, costly and does not help kind in Africa – and in any low-income achieve universal health coverage. country – because all the facilities have been designed, built, financed, In the report ‘A Dangerous Diversion’, and operated under a public–private Oxfam and the Consumer Protection partnership (PPP) that includes delivery Association of Lesotho argue that the of all clinical services. The partnership IFC must be held to account for its poor solution was developed with advice quality advice to the Government of from the International Finance Lesotho and for marketing this type Corporation (IFC), the private sector of PPP as an international success, investment arm of the World Bank despite evidence of unsustainable Group. The promise was that the PPP costs. Oxfam also asked the IFC to would provide vastly improved, high- review the project so that lessons can quality healthcare services for be learnt on the appropriateness of the same annual cost as the old health PPP in low-income countries. public hospital.

ABOVE LEFt: A Lesotho hospital which was built using public and private financing is criticised by Oxfam as it deprives poor, rural areas of funding. 51% of the African country’s health budget goes to the consortium running the Queen Mamohato memorial hospital, which was designed to improve healthcare standards. Other countries in Africa are being warned not to repeat Lesotho’s mistake. PHOTO © Sandhya Suri | OXFAM 59 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 6 Finance for development and essential services

The report was launched in April Universal Health Coverage illustrated positive examples of Robin Hood - 2014 ahead of the World Bank and countries that are prioritising general Financing for development International Monetary Fund (IMF) Everyone – rich or poor – should get the government spending in order to Spring Meetings in Washington as part health care and medicines they need successfully scale up health coverage. Oxfam, and many other organisations, of on-going engagement with such without risking financial hardship. Yet Estimates show that improving tax have been campaigning since 2010 for international financial institutions. every second, three people are pushed collection in 52 developing countries European governments to adopt a new When asked about the Lesotho PPP into poverty because they have to find could raise an additional $US 457 billion Financial Transaction Tax (FTT). The at a public event during the meetings, a way to pay for health care. Universal – enough to double health budgets in Robin Hood Tax involves an additional the President of the World Bank Group health coverage has the potential to these countries. ‘tiny’ tax on the banking industry that said he would examine the case “very transform the lives of millions of people would raise billions of dollars to tackle carefully” to explore whether the Bank by bringing life-saving health care to The report was previewed at an event poverty and climate change around has the right balance between public those who need it most. in Zambia in Southern Africa, which the world. and private health provision. The brought together representatives Lesotho Health Minister stated that her Unfortunately, in the name of universal from the Ministry of Health, health With the landmark implementation of government had been ill advised and the health coverage, some donors and economist experts from Ghana and this new FTT system by 11 European South African Health Minister also said developing country governments are Tanzania and Oxfam Zambia to discuss governments closer than ever, Oxfam he had warned against this project. promoting health insurance schemes how to improve health coverage. At has continued to push for a portion of that can increase inequality by only the time the Zambian government had the revenue to be used in the interests After these strong first steps, including a small part of the population been exploring social health insurance of the people and the planet. There is Oxfam and the Consumer Protection - those who are formally employed. for formal sector employees as an mass public support for this cause. So Association of Lesotho are still waiting The poorest and marginalized people, option to increase funds for the health far over 750,000 people have signed for a formal response to the report from who cannot afford to pay insurance budget; however, since the event, the the “One million strong petition” to the World Bank Group and are calling premiums, are too often excluded. government has increased engagement demonstrate the popularity of the ‘tiny’ for the IFC for a clear plan of action with civil society organisations so as tax to policymakers. Raising awareness to prevent situations like this Oxfam’s report, ‘Universal Health to produce a comprehensive health of the Robin Hood Tax has been central happening again. Coverage: Why Health Insurance finance strategy aimed at meeting the to Oxfam’s strategy and this year Schemes are Leaving the Poor Behind’, needs of all Zambians. actor Bill Nighy reprised his role as The drew attention to this problem and

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Banker in a new star-studded, short Artists become aid advocates Online, an innovative “ e-action” Fiscal Justice and EU Tax film “Future News”. Along with the session (#DaTactic) was launched Robin Hood Tax Coalition, numerous The current Spanish Government is in early April 2014 to engage new With poor countries losing around demonstrations were organised across pulling back from commitments to audiences and draw attention to the €700 billion every year in illicit financial Europe at pivotal times bringing the spend on aid and development work. As drastic aid cuts in Spain. Coinciding outflows, Oxfam has continued to press issue into the eyes of the media. a result Oxfam developed an innovative with the Organisation for Economic EU Institutions and governments on strategy to inform and engage citizens Cooperation and Development (OECD)’s a number of tax issues. While there The proposed European FTT has been in the fight for life-saving aid. This official 2013 aid figures, this non- have been significant steps in the right under constant pressure from financial involved finding ways to engage with branded site brought together many direction, tax policies for multinationals lobbyists working hard to limit its new audiences to make people aware NGOs, organisations and groups, as across Europe are still far from being scope; a challenge by the UK in the of the impact of a reduction in Spain’s well as data journalists and social fair and transparent. With two-thirds of European Court of Justice was swiftly aid budget. media ambassadors. LaAyudaImporta the $US 18.5 trillion hidden by wealthy rejected in March 2014. While the individuals in tax havens linked to initial tax proposed is a far-cry from European countries, it is clear that the the €37 billion in potential revenue, “they used their art to express EU has to be at the centre of this fight Oxfam will continue to support their new understanding and which is denying much needed money, partners in ensuring that a significant as lost tax revenue, from the poorest in sum of the money is raised and feelings about the value of aid” both Europe and the developing world. delivered for financing public services and climate projects in Europe and the One project involved visits by 15 well- (the hash tag meaning Aid is Important) In March 2014 after five years of developing world. known Spanish artists to countries was a national trending topic for obstruction by Luxembourg and Austria, that were a focus of Spanish aid and several hours, and several politicians the EU finally agreed to increase development. When they got home, and influential journalists positioned the amount of information that is they used their art to express their new themselves in favour of aid on Twitter, shared automatically by national tax understanding and feelings about the various newspapers and blogs covered authorities. This new process will help value of aid. As a result, several comics the news and the majority of NGOs to enable a greater understanding of (accessible from a comic App) and released messages in defence of aid. what happens to the €850 billion lost in pieces of artwork were created and tax evasion each year in the EU. The EU exhibited in Comic Cons and art fairs, will oblige European banks to publish reaching approximately 8,000 visitors.

61 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 6 Finance for development and essential services information about where they have Publish what you pay subsidiaries, including tax havens, to see whether they pay their fair Niger is one of the poorest countries in share of taxes. EU leaders also agreed Africa yet it provides the raw material to ensure that extractive industries to fuel one in three French light bulbs declare the payments that they make through the supply of uranium. Niger is within resource-rich countries. This a strategic supplier for AREVA, a French is a critical step forward in the fight nuclear energy company. While AREVA’s against corruption and tax dodging subsidiary companies in the country that will help ordinary people in the enjoy huge tax benefits, Nigeriens are developing world to harness their not fully benefitting and are denied vital countries’ natural resource wealth and funds that could be used to improve lift themselves out of poverty. public services.

Oxfam will continue campaigning to The contract between AREVA and the ensure that these reporting standards Niger government ended in December are also applied to other sectors such 2013. While negotiations were on as construction or telecommunications. going for the renewal of this contract, These legislative changes demonstrate Oxfam partnered with the Nigerien a trend that the EU is aware of the crisis organisation ROTAB, both members of in our tax system. Oxfam must build the Publish What You Pay Coalition, to on this momentum to fulfil our goal look thoroughly at the uranium mining of a wholly transparent, accountable contract with AREVA. Targeted media system that doesn’t discriminate and online pressure made it an issue against the poorest in Europe and the of public interest and questions were developing world. asked in many interviews including to

ABOVE Right: Oxfam has successfully campaigned to ensure that the AREVA uranium mining company contributes more to the Nigerian economy through tax. This will provide income for much needed public services, on which pastoralists (seen her trading at a cattle market in Kundumawa) and other communities rely, particularly at times of severe food shortage. PHOTO © Aubrey Wade | OXFAM 62 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 6 Finance for development and essential services

the President of Niger during a visit networks and empower young people to France. The voice from Nigeriens to achieve some of the changes that became impossible to ignore and they want to see in society. These negotiations that were previously under Youth Councils consist of elected the radar moved into the spotlight of representatives, 88 of which are led media scrutiny. This resulted in the by young women. A learning event French government having to take an was organised in Kabul to enable official position of being supportive of participants from all over Afghanistan Niger’s “legitimate” demands of AREVA. to share ideas and build a common goal for the Councils. It also provided Eventually, the government of Niger space for the young people to interact and AREVA reached an agreement and with government ministers, members the company committed to respect the of parliament, the UN and various other 2006 mining law of Niger. The royalties it civil society organisations to voice pays on uranium will be raised gradually their views. from 5.5% to 12% so that in effect Access to Education: the age of 25 and 85 per cent of these the company will stop benefiting from Samera, aged 18, is a Youth Group My Rights, My Voice young people are living in developing tax privileges although the specific representative and says that being countries. Working in Afghanistan, contracts of AREVA subsidiaries are part of a group has helped us “raise Young people have the power and Georgia, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Pakistan, not know yet. This result was achieved our voice and see action towards our energy to make change happen in their Tanzania and Vietnam, we through work targeting governments demands”. Samera’s group has already lives, and within their families, their are developing programs that are and AREVA in both Niger and France had some success including solving communities and their countries. The adapted to the specific conditions and and shows the power that working in a problem of book shortages in local My Rights, My Voice program aims to needs of young people in each of partnership can bring to a campaign. schools. She believes that young engage and work with young people to these contexts. people “could bring about positive strengthen and support their claims for change in politics and play a role in the a right to health and education. Close In Afghanistan, 180 Youth Councils stabilisation of our country”. to half the world’s population is under have been established in different communities in order to create

ABOVE LEFt: Young community members perform a cultural show as part of a health awareness-raising campaign in Banke District, Nepal. PHOTO © Bal Krishna Kattel | OXFAM 63 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Section 7 Section 7

Introduction Oxfam’s partnerships with institutional Oxfam Actions - team and added an additional element donors are another significant part of Hello Kitty Oxfam Italy of exclusivity donating the stones, Oxfam’s life-changing work is only our fundraising work. We try to ensure which adorned the t-shirts. possible because of the millions of that these partnerships are more In September 2013, Hello Kitty supporters that are part of our global strategic and longer-term where there championed the cause of poverty and Held in Coin’s flagship store in Milan, movement. Their financial assistance is the opportunity, and are continuing injustice with the launch of a limited the press conference marked the comes in many forms: regular monthly to increase our experience of large edition t-shirt inspired by model, grand unveiling with a talk from Helena donations; responding to emergency global bids for our development, photographer and Oxfam ambassador; Christensen about her first trip with appeals; organizing and taking part campaigns and humanitarian work. Helena Christensen. In partnership with Oxfam to Peru - her mother’s native in events including Oxfam Trailwalker; Sanrio (owner of Hello Kitty), T-shirt country. Helena described climbing choosing Oxfam Unwrapped gifts; producer Fashion Lab and Italian 15,000 feet into the Andes to see the buying from the 1,200 Oxfam shops retailer Coin, a limited edition run of Ausangate glacier, which is melting around the world; and leaving us a gift 1,600 T-shirts were produced and at an alarming rate. For thousands of in their will. distributed to 50 Coin stores across years, the glacier has helped sustain Italy with proceeds donated to Oxfam. the livelihoods of those living at the Swarovski Elements also joined the foot of the mountain. She saw rivers

Previous Page: The annual 100km team walking challenge across the South Downs to raise money for Oxfam and the Gurkha Welfare Trust. PHOTO © Karen Robinson | OXFAM 65 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 7 Fundraising

that are drying up and talked to local 730,000 people with life-saving support farmers about the lack of rainfall. in the Philippines, and nearly one million people in Syria, Jordan and Lebanon. Due to the overwhelming amount of media coverage and exposure generated Seven year old Mungo Sweeney from from the Hello Kitty T-shirts, the initiative Melbourne, Australia is one of Oxfam’s provided a significant contribution to youngest supporters. After he saw building Oxfam’s brand awareness in the devastation of Typhoon Haiyan he Italy. It also raised over €15.000 (US$ urgently wanted to do something for 20,100) through the sale of the T-shirts. the people of the Philippines. His father Dave Sweeny told the Herald Sun ‘We Emergencies Fundraising were discussing the horrific news over tea and what it would be like if he lost Over the last year Oxfam has responded all of his toys. He felt that sense that to almost 50 emergencies worldwide, everyone can do their bit.’ Mungo busked including 12 major crises, but it’s outside his house on his ukulele and has thanks to our remarkable supporters raised more the US$1,200. that we were able to deliver crucial, life-saving assistance to vulnerable Ben Ansell from Great Britain set up people. Around the world supporters a pop-up coffee shop where friends reacted generously and creatively could buy a cup of coffee for £2.50. Ben to raise money for appeals, such as states on his crowd funding page ‘All the Philippines Typhoon and the Syria coffee purchased is organic fair trade Crisis. Communities came together to and 100 per cent completely virtual. organise fundraising events such as One hundred per cent of the money you bucket collections, sponsored walks pay will be spent by Oxfam delivering and auctions. Individuals have pushed life-saving water and sanitation themselves to new limits to raise money facilities to people affected by Typhoon for Oxfam including climbing mountains. Haiyan.’ Ben’s coffee shop has raised This spirit and generosity has helped over £630. enable Oxfam to reach more than

ABOVE Right: Seven year-old busker raises money for typhoon survivors. PHOTO © David Smith | OXFAM 66 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 7 Fundraising

Oxfam Confederation income

Reporting period: 1st April 2013 – 31st March 2014

All figures are in millions of Euros.

Figures represent consolidated income across the Confederation (15* affiliates plus the Oxfam International Secretariat). Inter-affiliate transfers have been eliminated. This information is indicative and does not show the actual performance of any single affiliate. Affiliates should be consulted directly for specific information.

Oxfam’s Financial Standards provide minimum standards that affiliates must apply to areas such as internal control. Compliance with minimum standards is monitored through a system of peer reviews, the next round of which is planned to take place in 2015. However, each affiliate is responsible for establishing and maintaining their own resource allocation systems and deciding how funds are spent.

*Oxfam Japan and Oxfam Mexico not included

ABOVE LEFT: Helena Christensen has collaborated on a new Hello Kitty T-shirt for Oxfam. In partnership with Sanrio (owner of Hello Kitty), T-shirt producer Fashion Lab and Italian retailer Coin, a limited edition run of 1,600 T-shirts were produced and distributed to 50 Coin stores across Italy with proceeds donated to Oxfam. PHOTO © OXFAM 67 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 7 Fundraising

CONSOLIDATED MONETARY VALUE OF FUNDING RECEIVED BY SOURCE THE SIX LARGEST DONORS AND THE MONETARY VALUE OF THEIR CONTRIBUTION Reporting period: 1st April 2013 – 31st March 2014. All figures in millions of Euros. Reporting period: 1st April 2013 – 31st March 2014. All figures in millions of Euros.

Revenue by Source € Million % € Million Institutional Fundraising €397.7 42.0% Home Government Institutions €204.2

UN and UN Institutions €47.4 5.0% Trading Revenue* €181.4

EU and EU Institutions €75.3 8.0% Regular Giving (Public Fundraising) €145.3

Other Supranational Institutions €4.0 0.4% EU and EU Institutions (Institutional Fundraising) €75.3

Home Government Institutions €204.2 21.6% Single Gifts €55.0

Other Governments €41.0 4.3% UN and UN Institutions (Institutional Fundraising) €47.4 NGO & Other €25.5 2.7% Total 6 largest donors €708.6 Associated Organizations €0.3 0.0% Public Fundraising €346.7 36.5% NET Trading Revenue: € Million Fundraising Events €18.4 1.9% Trading Revenue €181.4

Humanitarian Appeals €41.1 4.3% Trading Costs €143.7 Regular Giving €145.3 15.3% NET Trading Revenue €37.7 Single Gifts €55.0 5.8% Bequests €26.5 2.8% Income and Expenditure € Million Lotteries €13.6 1.4% Total Income €947

Other Corporate, Trust & Foundation Donations €28.2 3.0% Total Expenditure €922 Other Public Fundraising €18.6 2.0% Excess of income over expenditure €25 Interest and Investment Revenue €8.1 0.9% Trading Revenue* €181.4 19.2% Balance Sheet € Million Other Income €13.2 1.4% Total Assets €616

Total Income €947.1 100% Total Liabilities €296

Net Assets €320 * Trading Revenue figures are gross – no trading costs have been deducted.

68 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Section 8

Oxfam Confederation Expenditure*

This information is indicative and does not show the actual performance of any single Affiliate. Affiliates should be consulted directly for specific information.

Reporting period: 1st April 2013-31st March 2014. All figures in millions of Euros.

Category € Million % Program €631 69% Program Implementation €529 58%

Development & Humanitarian €473 52%

Influencing €56 6%

Program Management €102 11%

Non-program €284 31% Management & Administration €60 7%

Fundraising-Marketing €80 9%

Institutional Fundraising €5 1%

Public Fundraising & Marketing €75 8%

Trading €144 16%

Total Expenditure €915 100% * Expenditure figures do not include €7 million of losses.

69 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Expenditure 8

Oxfam Confederation Expenditure PROGRAM EXPENDITURE

Reporting period: 1st April 2013-31st March 2014. All figures in millions of Euros. 1.6% 2.8% 18.5% Other* Pacific Global Level Allocation Oxfam Regions € Million % 3.3% South America Global Level Allocation €116.8 18.5% 5.6% East & Central Africa €57.7 9.1% Central America, Mexico & Horn of Africa €53.6 8.5% the Caribbean 9.1% West Africa €79.3 12.6% 2.0% East & Central Eastern Europe & Africa Former Soviet Union Southern Africa €36.5 5.8% Spend per region Maghreb & Middle East €68.3 10.8% 7.5% South Asia East Asia €74.5 11.8% 11.8% 8.5% East Asia South Asia €47.3 7.5% Horn of Africa

Eastern Europe & Former Soviet Union €12.8 2.0% 10.8% Maghreb & 12.6% Central America, Mexico & the Caribbean €35.4 5.6% Middle East West Africa

South America €20.8 3.3% 5.8% Southern Africa Pacific €10.4 1.6%

Other* €17.9 2.8% 12.8% Total €631.3 100% Identity 30.5% Livelihoods Aims € Million % 14.3% Right to be heard Livelihoods €192.7 30.5% Basic social services €68.2 10.8% Spend by Life and security €199.1 31.5% strategic Aim Right to be heard €90.4 14.3% 10.8% Identity €80.9 12.8% Basic Social Services Total €631.3 100% 31.5% Life and Security * The category “Other” includes Regional Level Allocations for: Africa; Horn, East & Central Africa; Latin America & the Caribbean; as well as program spend in Western Europe and North America

70 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Expenditure 8

Oxfam Confederation Expenditure

PROGRAM EXPENDITURE FOR THE TOP 20 COUNTRIES REPRESENTS 262.2 million EUROs OR 42% OF TOTAL PROGRAM EXPENDITURE

Reporting period: 1st April 2013 - 31st March 2014. All figures are in millions of Euros.

Top 20 Countries € Million 5 10 15 20 25 Congo, The Democratic Republic of The €23.3

Philippines €20.6

South Sudan €19.4

Palestinian Territory, Occupied €19.0

Niger €16.5

Ethiopia €15.6

Yemen €15.2

Mali €13.4

Pakistan €13.0

Somalia €11.7

Mozambique €10.7

China €10.6

Haiti €10.1

Kenya €10.1

Afghanistan €9.9

Myanmar €9.4

Chad €9.0

Uganda €8.8

Lebanon €8.1

Bangladesh €7.7 Total for top 20 Countries €262.2

71 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 Contact Us C

Oxfam America Oxfam GB Oxfam Japan Chair: Joris Voorhoeve Chair: Joe Loughrey Chair: Karen Brown Chair: Kathy Matsui Treasurer: Director: Raymond Offenheiser Director: Mark Goldring Director: Akiko Mera Monique Létourneau 226 Causeway Street, 5th Floor Oxfam House, John Smith Drive, Maruko bldg. 2F Boston, MA 02114-2206, USA Cowley, Oxford, OX4 2JY, UK 1-20-6, Higashi-Ueno, Taito-ku Executive Director: Tel: + 1 617 482 1211 Tel: + 44 1865 473727 Tokyo 110-0015 Japan Winnie Byanyima (Toll-free: 1 800 77 OXFAM) Email: [email protected] Tel: + 81 3 3834 1556 Director of Global Oxfam is a world-wide development Email: [email protected] www.oxfam.org.uk Email: [email protected] Communications: www.oxfamamerica.org www.oxfam.jp Brigid Janssen organization that mobilizes the power Oxfam Hong Kong Director of Operations: Oxfam Australia Chair: Chi Kin Lo Oxfam Mexico Brian Deadman of people against poverty. 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72 | OXFAM ANNUAL REPORT 2013 - 2014 OXFAM is a world-wide development organization that mobilizes the power of people against poverty