The subdivision of all central European Holocene and Late Glacial land snail species to ecological groups ecological Glacial Early Holocene Middle Holocene Late Holocene (sensu Walker at al 2012) modern immigrants comment group Acanthinula aculeata Acanthinula aculeata Acanthinula aculeata Acanthinula aculeata Acicula parcelineata Acicula parcelineata Aegopinella epipedostoma one sites Aegopinella nitens Aegopinella nitens Aegopinella nitidula Aegopinella nitidula few sites Aegopinella pura Aegopinella pura Aegopinella pura Aegopinella pura Aegopis verticillus Ecological groups of snails Argna bielzi Argna bielzi Bulgarica cana Bulgarica cana Carpathica calophana Carpathica calophana one site; undated Causa holosericea Causa holosericea Clausilia bidentata no fossil data Clausilia cruciata Clausilia cruciata Clausilia cruciata – use and perspectives Cochlodina laminata Cochlodina laminata Cochlodina laminata Cochlodina laminata Cochlodina orthostoma Cochlodina orthostoma Cochlodina orthostoma Cochlodina orthostoma Daudebardia brevipes Daudebardia brevipes Daudebardia rufa Daudebardia rufa Daudebardia rufa Daudebardia rufa Discus perspectivus Discus perspectivus Discus perspectivus 1 2 1 1 ) Lucie Juřičková , Michal Horsák , Jitka Horáčková and Vojen Ložek Discus ruderatus Discus ruderatus Discus ruderatus Discus ruderatus Ena montana Ena montana Ena montana Ena montana
forest Eucobresia nivalis Eucobresia nivalis Eucobresia nivalis Faustina faustina Faustina faustina Faustina faustina Faustina faustina Faustina rossmaessleri Faustina rossmaessleri few sites 1 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, lucie.jurickovavseznam.cz; Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic canopy Helicodonta obvoluta Helicodonta obvoluta Helicodonta obvoluta Helicodonta obvoluta Isog. isognomostomos Isog. ignomostomos Isog. isognomostomos Isognomostoma isognomostomos Lozekia transsylvanica no fossil data Macrogastra densestriata few sites Macrogastra latestriata Macrogastra latestriata Macrogastra latestriata Macrogastra latestriata woodlands( Macrogastra plicatula Macrogastra plicatula Macrogastra plicatula Macrogastra plicatula Merdigera obscura Merdigera obscura Merdigera obscura Merdigera obscura Oxychilus depressus Oxychilus depressus Oxychilus depressus Oxychilus depressus Land snail assemblages have been traditionally used to describe Quaternary environmental Oxychilus orientalis Oxychilus orientalis few sites Pagodulina pagodula one site Perforatella dibothrion Perforatella dibothrion one site; undated Petasina bakowskii one site; undated changes. But recently, snails have been rather overlooked in palaeoreconstructions. Petasina bielzi Petasina bielzi one site; undated Petasina filicina no fossil record;endemic Petasina unidentata Petasina unidentata Petasina unidentata Petasina unidentata Platyla polita Platyla polita Platyla polita Platyla polita Pseudalinda stabilis Pseudalinda stabilis few sites
Pseudofusulus varians Pseudofusulus varians few sites; undated WOODLAND Ruthenica filograna Ruthenica filograna Ruthenica filograna Ruthenica filograna Semilimax semilimax Semilimax semilimax Semilimax semilimax Advantages: fossil shells can be identified to species level Sphyradium doliolum Sphyradium doliolum Sphyradium doliolum Sphyradium doliolum Vertigo pusilla Vertigo pusilla Vertigo pusilla Vertigo pusilla Vertigo ronnebyensis Vertigo ronnebyensis Vertigo ronnebyensis one site; undated shells are usually deposited directly in the places where snails lived Vestia elata few sites Vestia ranojevici moravica Vestia ranojevici moravica few sites Vitrea diaphana Vitrea diaphana Vitrea diaphana Vitrea diaphana Vitrea subrimata Vitrea subrimata Vitrea subrimata mollusc assemblages show landscape detail Vitrea transsylvanica Vitrea transsylvanica Vitrea transsylvanica Vitrea transsylvanica Aegopinella minor Aegopinella minor Aegopinella minor Aegopinella minor Alinda biplicata Alinda biplicata Alinda biplicata Alinda biplicata Cepaea hortensis Cepaea hortensis Cepaea hortensis
Cepaea nemoralis
opened - Cochlodina cerata cerata Cochlodina cerata cerata Cochlodina cerata cerata Cochlodina cerata cerata Problems: lack of uniform interpretation of fossil assemblages throughout Europe Discus rotundatus Discus rotundatus Discus rotundatus Discus rotundatus Eucobresia diaphana Eucobresia diaphana Eucobresia diaphana Eucobresia diaphana Fruticicola fruticum Fruticicola fruticum Fruticicola fruticum Fruticicola fruticum Helicigona lapicida Helicigona lapicida Helicigona lapicida Helicigona lapicida
habitats Helix pomatia Helix pomatia Helix pomatia Helix pomatia Laciniaria plicata Laciniaria plicata Laciniaria plicata Laciniaria plicata Monachoides incarnatus Monachoides incarnatus Monachoides incarnatus Monachoides incarnatus Solution: unified using of ecological groups for characterisation of palaeoenvironment Orcula dolium Orcula dolium Orcula dolium Orcula dolium Oxychilus glaber Oxychilus glaber
woodlands and partly woodlandssemiandpartly Semilimax kotulae Semilimax kotulae Semilimax kotulae Semilimax kotulae Vertigo alpestris Vertigo alpestris Vertigo alpestris Vertigo alpestris Aegopinella ressmanni time of spread unknown Clausilia pumila Clausilia pumila Clausilia pumila Clausilia pumila Columella edentula Columella edentula Columella edentula Columella edentula Macrogastra tumida few sites Macrogastra ventricosa Macrogastra ventricosa Macrogastra ventricosa The presented updated ecological groups of land snails reflect conditions in central Europe, Monachoides vicinus Monachoides vicinus Monachoides vicinus Monachoides vicinus
Petasina edentula no fossil records woodlands Urticicola umbrosus Urticicola umbrosus Urticicola umbrosus damp and alluvial Vestia gulo one site; undated Vestia turgida Vestia turgida Vestia turgida Vestia turgida and may differ in other parts of the continent. Candidula unifasciata one site; undated Cecilioides acicula Cecilioides petitiana no fossil records Cernuella neglecta Granaria frumentum Granaria frumentum Granaria frumentum Granaria frumentum Helicella itala few sites Helicopsis striata Helicopsis striata Helicopsis striata Helicopsis striata Helix lutescens General problem: Are there snails, which can live only in woodland? Chondrina avenacea Chondrina avenacea Chondrina avenacea Chondrina avenacea Chondrina clienta Chondrina clienta Chondrina clienta Chondrina clienta Chondrina tatrica Chondrina tatrica Chondrina tatrica Chondrina tatrica shade demanding species in western European vs. canopy forest species in central European conception Chondrula tridens Chondrula tridens Chondrula tridens Chondrula tridens Oxychilus hydatinus time of spread unknown Oxychilus inopinatus Oxychilus inopinatus Oxychilus inopinatus
xeric open open habitats xeric Oxychilus mortilleti time of spread unknown Pupilla sterrii Pupilla sterrii Pupilla sterrii Pupilla sterrii Pupilla triplicata Pupilla triplicata Pupilla triplicata Pupilla triplicata Pyramidula pusilla Pyramidula pusilla Pyramidula pusilla Pyramidula pusilla Different ecology of species in centre vs. at margins of theirs distribution ranges. Truncatellina claustralis Truncatellina claustralis Truncatellina claustralis Truncatellina costulata Truncatellina costulata Truncatellina costulata Xerolenta obvia Xerolenta obvia Examples: Cepaea vindobonensis: central Europe: steppe xeric habitats Zebrina detrita Zebrina detrita one site OPEN COUNTRY OPEN Alopia bielzi clathrata Alopia bielzi clathrata endemic of small area Columella columella Columella columella Columella columella Columella columella south and southeast Europe: open - forest, xeric - damp habitats Faustina cingulella Faustina cingulella Faustina cingulella Faustina cingulella Itala ornata time of spread unknown Pupilla loessica
general Pupilla alpicola densegyrata
Clausilia bidentata: western Europe: indifferent in Pupilla muscorum Pupilla muscorum Pupilla muscorum Pupilla muscorum Quickella arenaria Quickella arenaria Quickella arenaria Quickella arenaria no fossil record Spelaeodiscus triarius tatricusSpelaeodiscus triarius tatricus one site; undated
central Europe: canopy forest Truncatellina cylindrica Truncatellina cylindrica Truncatellina cylindrica Truncatellina cylindrica habitats Vallonia costata Vallonia costata Vallonia costata Vallonia costata Vallonia excentrica open open Vallonia pulchella Vallonia pulchella Vallonia pulchella Vallonia pulchella Vallonia tenuilabris Vertigo parcedentata Vertigo pygmaea Vertigo pygmaea Vertigo pygmaea Vertigo pygmaea Bulgarica nitidosa Bulgarica nitidosa Bulgarica nitidosa Euomphalia strigella Euomphalia strigella Euomphalia strigella Euomphalia strigella Cepaea vindobonensis Cepaea vindobonensis Cepaea vindobonensis Cepaea vindobonensis
habitats Cochlicopa lubricella Cochlicopa lubricella Cochlicopa lubricella Cochlicopa lubricella
Tasks for future: various Tandonia rustica Tandonia rustica dry dry
predominantly Monacha cartusiana one site; undated Abida secale no fossil record Balea perversa Balea perversa few sites Clausilia dubia Clausilia dubia Clausilia dubia Clausilia dubia Clausilia parvula Clausilia parvula Clausilia parvula Clausilia parvula
Cochlicopa lubrica Cochlicopa lubrica Cochlicopa lubrica Cochlicopa lubrica ) - to describe and delimit changes of ecological requirements of snail species throughout Cochlodina costata commutata no fossil record Cornu aspersum Euconulus fulvus Euconulus fulvus Euconulus fulvus Euconulus fulvus
Helix lucorum indifferents
( Hygromia cinctella Chilostoma achates Chilostoma achates Chilostoma achates Chilostoma achates
COUNTRY Lucilla scintilla Lucilla singleyana
Europe habitats Oxychilus alliarius Oxychilus cellarius Oxychilus draparnaudi
various Perpolita hammonis Perpolita hammonis Perpolita hammonis Perpolita hammonis
or Plicuteria lubomirskii Plicuteria lubomirskii Plicuteria lubomirskii Plicuteria lubomirskii Punctum pygmaeum Punctum pygmaeum Punctum pygmaeum Punctum pygmaeum Trochulus hispidus Trochulus hispidus Trochulus hispidus Trochulus hispidus - to establish an Europe-wide system of ecogroups application for palaeoenvironmetal mesic Trochulus sericeus Trochulus sericeus Trochulus sericeus Trochulus sericeus
WOODLAND OPEN / WOODLAND Trochulus striolatus d. Trochulus striolatus d. Trochulus striolatus d. Trochulus striolatus danubialis one site Vertigo modesta arctica Vertigo modesta arctica Vertigo modesta arctica Vertigo modesta arctica one site; undated Vitrea contracta Vitrea contracta Vitrea contracta Vitrea contracta Vitrina pellucida Vitrina pellucida Vitrina pellucida Vitrina pellucida Zonitoides arboreus reconstructions Arianta arbustorum Arianta arbustorum Arianta arbustorum Arianta arbustorum
Carychium tridentatum Carychium tridentatum Carychium tridentatum Carychium tridentatum damp Perforatella bidentata Perforatella bidentata Perforatella bidentata Perforatella bidentata Perpolita petronella Perpolita petronella Perpolita petronella Perpolita petronella Succinella oblonga Succinella oblonga Succinella oblonga Succinella oblonga
habitats Trochulus villosulus Trochulus villosulus Trochulus villosulus Trochulus villosulus Vertigo angustior Vertigo angustior Vertigo angustior Vertigo angustior
Vertigo substriata Vertigo substriata Vertigo substriata Vertigo substriata predominantly - to show other palaeontologists that snails are the best!!! Vitrea crystallina Vitrea crystallina Vitrea crystallina Vitrea crystallina Carychium minimum Carychium minimum Carychium minimum Carychium minimum Cochlicopa nitens Cochlicopa nitens few sites Euconulus praticola Euconulus praticola Euconulus praticola Euconulus praticola few sites; undated Oxyloma elegans Oxyloma elegans Oxyloma elegans Oxyloma elegans
Pseudotrichia rubiginosa Pseudotrichia rubiginosa Pseudotrichia rubiginosa Pseudotrichia rubiginosa habitats Pupilla alpicola Pupilla alpicola Pupilla alpicola Pupilla alpicola Succinea putris Succinea putris Succinea putris Succinea putris
Vallonia enniensis Vallonia enniensis wetland Vertigo antivertigo Vertigo antivertigo Vertigo antivertigo Vertigo antivertigo What we need? Experienced field malacologists willing to help. Vertigo genesii Vertigo genesii
humid Vertigo geyeri Vertigo geyeri Vertigo geyeri Vertigo geyeri MARSH ANS AQUATIC ANS MARSH Vertigo moulinsiana Vertigo moulinsiana Vertigo moulinsiana undated Zonitoides nitidus Zonitoides nitidus Zonitoides nitidus Zonitoides nitidus The project was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 13-08169S. The subdivision is based on Ložek 1964, 1965 and Juřičková et al. 2014; species characteristic of particular periods are marked with bold; first occurrences or subsiding of species are marked with smaller font; undated species occurrences lack radiocarbon dating. The table is based on 240 processed mollusc successions situated in the Czech and Slovak Republics, 129 of them are radiocarbon dated.