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Transitional Justice for Women Ex-Combatants in Sri Lanka
Transitional Justice for Women Ex-Combatants in Sri Lanka Nirekha De Silva Transitional Justice for Women Ex-Combatants in Sri Lanka Copyright© WISCOMP Foundation for Universal Responsibility Of His Holiness The Dalai Lama, New Delhi, India, 2006. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by WISCOMP Foundation for Universal Responsibility Of His Holiness The Dalai Lama Core 4A, UGF, India Habitat Centre Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India This initiative was made possible by a grant from the Ford Foundation. The views expressed are those of the author. They do not necessarily reflect those of WISCOMP or the Foundation for Universal Responsibility of HH The Dalai Lama, nor are they endorsed by them. 2 Contents Acknowledgements 5 Preface 7 Introduction 9 Methodology 11 List of Abbreviations 13 Civil War in Sri Lanka 14 Army Women 20 LTTE Women 34 Peace and the process of Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration 45 Human Needs and Human Rights in Reintegration 55 Psychological Barriers in Reintegration 68 Social Adjustment to Civil Life 81 Available Mechanisms 87 Recommendations 96 Directory of Available Resources 100 • Counselling Centres 100 • Foreign Recruitment 102 • Local Recruitment 132 • Vocational Training 133 • Financial Resources 160 • Non-Government Organizations (NGO’s) 163 Bibliography 199 List of People Interviewed 204 3 4 Acknowledgements I am grateful to Dr. Meenakshi Gopinath and Sumona DasGupta of Women in Security, Conflict Management and Peace (WISCOMP), India, for offering the Scholar for Peace Fellowship in 2005. -
Sri Lanka Democracy and Governance Assessment
USAID/G/DG SRI LANKA DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE ASSESSMENT Contract No. OUT-AEP-I-00-99-00040, TO 3 May 18, 2001 David Timberman, MSI Gwendolyn G. Bevis, MSI [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary............................................................................................................................ ii I. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................1 II. Defining the Democracy and Governance Problem in Sri Lanka ................................................1 III. Key Underlying Causes of Sri Lanka’s DG Problem .................................................................3 1. The dominance of the Sinhalese-Buddhist concept of the Sri Lankan nation......................4 2. Elite political competition fuels ethnically-based majoritarianism and is increasingly undemocratic .............................................................................................6 3. Government is excessively centralized, influential and politicized ....................................9 4. Civil society organizations have limited impact on politics and governance .................... 11 5. The ethnic conflict has become a well-entrenched institution ......................................... 12 IV. Addressing the Causes of Sri Lanka’s DG Problem: Options for Donors ................................. 15 1. Support efforts to end the conflict and achieve a sustainable peace................................. 16 2. Discourage undemocratic -
The National Christian Council of Sri Lanka Annual Report 2012-13
1 2 THE NATIONAL CHRISTIAN COUNCIL OF SRI LANKA ANNUAL REPORT 2012-13 An ecumenical pilgrimage… with the God of life 3 4 An Ecumenical Pilgrimage ...with the God of Life We believe in a living God, a God who lives and enables all living beings to exist, a God who is the source of life, a God who assures fullness of life and bestows on us the possibility of eternal life. We believe in a God who creates and sustains life, a God who affirms life. Human life therefore is sacred, because human life came into being through the very breath of God, which indicates the ultimate possibility of a closer relationship between God and humans. In the life and ministry of Jesus we find that death is defeated on the cross along with all agents of death. Death is the denial of life. The defeat of death is the affirmation of life, which is assured, experienced and made possible through the resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ. The proclamation of the risen Lord, is actually a proclamation that death is defeated, the agents of death overcome, and that eternal life and abundant life is a possibility for every human being. This is clearly summed up in the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, ... I came that they may have life and have it abundantly” (Jn 10:10) and “I give them eternal life, and they will never perish...” (Jn 10:28). The final vision of the Reign of God is portrayed in the image of the river of life and the tree of life (Rev. -
Gandhi's Army
GANDHI’S ARMY: DEFENDING THE HOMELESS IN WESTMINSTER Jad Adams When Martin Luther King arrived at Palam airport, New Delhi, on 10 February 1959, he made a statement: ‘To other countries I may go as a tourist, but to India I come as a pilgrim. This is because India means to me Mahatma Gandhi, a truly great man of the age.’ Jawaharlal Nehru had invited King to India specifically because he had been promoting Gandhian ideas as part of the civil rights movement. It was a recognition of King, but also a celebration that Gandhi’s thought had wider applications than the Indian independence struggle alone. King had personal reasons for coming to India as he wanted to study Gandhi’s ideas more closely. King’s success in the civil rights movement had meant he was a celebrity, and therefore in danger of becoming absorbed into American society as a safe rebel, a glorified after-dinner speaker. He rebelled against absorption in the system and yearned for a Gandhian renunciation of worldly goods. His wife Coretta, who accompanied him on the trip, said that under Gandhi’s influence, ‘If Martin had had his way, he would have taken an oath of poverty, refusing even the most basic necessities, such as a house. He felt that much of the corruption in society came from the desire to own material things.’ Coretta saw things differently, and King conceded on some possessions for the family, though he refused to own anything himself, putting their house and car in Coretta’s name. She hinted at tensions over the issue when she remarked, ‘That brand of asceticism was more than I had expected in our marriage, and it was more than I could accept.’ Knowing Gandhi King’s familiarity with Gandhi’s ideas had deep roots. -
Conflict Between India and Pakistan an Encyclopedia by Lyon Peter
Conflict between India and Pakistan Roots of Modern Conflict Conflict between India and Pakistan Peter Lyon Conflict in Afghanistan Ludwig W. Adamec and Frank A. Clements Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia John B. Allcock, Marko Milivojevic, and John J. Horton, editors Conflict in Korea James E. Hoare and Susan Pares Conflict in Northern Ireland Sydney Elliott and W. D. Flackes Conflict between India and Pakistan An Encyclopedia Peter Lyon Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England Copyright 2008 by ABC-CLIO, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lyon, Peter, 1934– Conflict between India and Pakistan : an encyclopedia / Peter Lyon. p. cm. — (Roots of modern conflict) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2 (hard copy : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-57607-713-9 (ebook) 1. India—Foreign relations—Pakistan—Encyclopedias. 2. Pakistan-Foreign relations— India—Encyclopedias. 3. India—Politics and government—Encyclopedias. 4. Pakistan— Politics and government—Encyclopedias. I. Title. DS450.P18L86 2008 954.04-dc22 2008022193 12 11 10 9 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Production Editor: Anna A. Moore Production Manager: Don Schmidt Media Editor: Jason Kniser Media Resources Manager: Caroline Price File Management Coordinator: Paula Gerard This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. -
Many Gandhis on Our Screens
08 hindustantimes YEARS ON 1869 - 2019 PERSPECTIVE RATNOTTAMA SENGUPTA MANY GANDHIS ON OUR SCREENS n Veteran actor, Rohini Hattangadi, at her residence in Mumbai. AALOK SONI / HT INTERVIEW A young woman n Gandhi film MOVING IMAGE Through the years, filmmakers have been director, Richard inspired by MK Gandhi and the ideas that he espoused as a Attenborough, who played an (left) and leader of the freedom struggle. Each generation has actor, Ben Kingsley, who responded to the Mahatma differently, picking up various played the elements of his vast influence over our collective psyche Mahatma, on aging Kasturba set, 1982. ©COLUMBIA/ Sonal Kalra tough. We were supposed to research our COURTESY EVERETT n [email protected] characters. While Ben found a lot of litera- ALAMY STOCK PHOTO ture on Mahatma Gandhi, I only found two n her tastefully done up apartment in books on Kasturba — Hamari Ba by Van- Mumbai’s Bandra, it is humbling to mala Parikh, and Ba Aur Bapu Ki Sheetal I watch actor Rohini Hattangadi juggle Chhaya Mein by Sushila Nayar. Both between playing host to us and doing books were very personal recollections of ohandas Karamchand Gan- curate film festivals on Gandhi in Delhi (Octo- scourge of untouchability. Pratap, a Brahmin n A still from her own makeup. The 68-year-old is the the authors, and, therefore, limited. dhi. Gandhiji. Mahatma. ber 2018 and January 2019), Kolkata (August- and Kasturi, from a lower caste, are ill-fated Mahatma first Indian actor to win a BAFTA Bapu. One man, so many October 2019), and Singapore (begins Friday lovers in Achhut Kanya (1936), the Bombay Gandhi: 20th (awarded by the British Academy of Film After he read Gandhi’s biography by Louis Fis- lives! and continues till September 30). -
Alumni Statement on the Future of Jaffna College
Alumni Statement on the Future of Jaffna College We, the undersigned alumni of Jaffna College, are gravely concerned about the future of Jaffna College as the intransigence on the part of the Board of Directors to introduce key reforms in the governance and administration of our almamater has begun to cripple the everyday life of the College. We are disappointed that the Board of Directors of Jaffna College lost the opportunity to bring about the reforms prescribed by the Trustees in their letter dated 5 January 2017 and subsequent communications to the Chairperson of the Board of Directors of Jaffna College through the year. The Trustees of Jaffna College Funds were unequivocal in their position that the College required some far-reaching reforms in the areas of management, financial administration and recruitment. The alumni associations of Jaffna College all over the world unreservedly endorsed those reforms in the statements they issued in 2017. The Trustees also requested the Board to have serious and sincere consultations with various stakeholders of the College such as the alumni, teachers and parents in making the school and its governance more inclusive, democratic and transparent. To the best of our knowledge, the Board has not shown any genuine interest in initiating such conversations on these matters with any of these groups. The responses and proposals for reforms sent to the Trustees by the Board of Directors were not shared with the Jaffna College Alumni Association. Based on the Trustees’ letters to the Chairperson of the Board which were shared with the alumni and others, we can reasonably conclude that the Board is unwilling to bring about any major reforms that would lead to greater democratization and transparency in the school and the Board. -
Gandhi, the Making of the Mahatma, and Gandhi, My Father
The Tale Of Gandhi Through The Lens: An Inter-Textual Analytical Study Of Three Major Films- Gandhi, The Making Of The Mahatma, And Gandhi, My Father C.S.H.N. MURTHY, [email protected] OinamBedajit Meitei, Dapkupar TARIANG Volume 2.2 (2013) | ISSN 2158-8724 (online) | DOI 10.5195/cinej.2013.66 | http://cinej.pitt.edu Abstract For over half a century Gandhi has been one of the favored characters of a number of films – Nine hours to Rama (1963) to Gandhi, My Father (2007). Gandhian ethos, life and teachings are frequently represented in varied ways in different films. The portrayal of Gandhi in different films can be grouped into two broad categories: i. revolving around his life, percept and practice as one category and ii. involving his ideas, ideals and views either explicitly or implicitly. Using Bingham’s (2010) discursive analysis on biopic films, the study seeks to show how Gandhi is perceived and depicted through the lenses of these three eminent directors vis-à-vis others from the point of intertextuality both ideologically and politically. Further the study would elaborate how different personal and social events in Gandhi’s life are weaved together by these directors to bring out the character of Bapu or Mahatma from Gandhi. For all the above critique, Gandhi’s autobiography-The Story of My Experiments with Truth-has been taken as a base referent. Keywords: Comparative analysis, Inter-textuality, Gandhian Ethos, Portrayal, crisscross critiquing, Mahatma, etc. CINEJ Cinema Journal : The Tale of Gandhi through the lens New articles in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United Volume 2.2 (2013) | ISSN 2158-8724 (online) | DOI 10.5195/cinej.2013.66 | http://cinej.pitt.edu 4 States License. -
St. Michael No. 53Cdr.Cdr
9 2 . l Apr - Sep p e e a S h 2011 c The Archangel y i a M Newsletter of D . t t s S The St. Michael's College, Batticaloa, Alumni Association (Colombo Branch) a e Published Quarterly For Private Circulation. No. 53 F Michaelites Shine here and abroad First bishop from SMC Rev. John Jegasothy - An Dhiloraj Ranjit Canagasabey Outstanding Australian Helping Refugees Rev. John Daniel Jegasothy B.Th.Hon., B.D., M.Th., J.P. was ordained as is 15th Bishop of Colombo Minister of the Methodist Church in 1977. After serving in Colombo he Venerable Dhiloraj Ranjit Canagasabey B.Th., B.Div., the first ever past moved during the height of the Eelam war to Trincomalee as Circuit pupil of SMC to become bishop, was consecrated and installed as the Superintendent (1981-1983). 15th Bishop of Colombo of the Church of Sri Lanka by 8 Anglican Bishops, In Trinco he headed the Human Rights Group and in association with the local and foreign, at a festive trilingual service at the Cathedral of Christ Rotary Club of Trincomalee, the YMCA, the Tricomalee Welfare the Living Saviour, Colombo, on May 14, 2011. Bishop Dhilo Association, Ghandiam and his church he took up the cause of the displaced Canagasabey succeeds Rt Rev. Duleep de Chickera and is the second and otherwise affected people and demanded justice. It did not take long Tamil after Rt Rev.J.J.Gnanapragasam (1987 - 1992). for him to come under the adverse notice of the security establishment and Among the over 5,000 well wishers present to greet the new Bishop were he sensed danger. -
Development & Change
ISSN 0972-2661 Review of Development & Change Volume XXIII Number 2 July - December 2018 Special Issue Caste, Craft and Education in India and Sri Lanka Guest Editors Anandhi S. and Aarti Kawlra Anandhi S. An Introduction and Aarti Kawlra Monisha Ahmed Women and Weaving in Ladakh Muhammed Aslam E.S. From Needle to Letters Mark E. Balmforth Riotous Needlework Bidisha Dhar Artisans and Technical Education in Lucknow Shivani Kapoor The Search for ‘Tanner’s Blood’ Sunandan K.N. Politics of Ignoring Bandura Dileepa Technical Education in the Witharana Imagination of the Ceylonese Developmental State Madras Institute of Development Studies REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE Madras Institute of Development Studies 79, II Main Road, Gandhinagar, Adyar, Chennai 600 020 Committed to examining diverse aspects of the changes taking place in our society, Review of Development and Change aims to encourage scholarship that perceives problems of development and social change in depth, documents them with care, interprets them with rigour and communicates the findings in a way that is accessible to readers from different backgrounds. Editor Shashanka Bhide Managing Editors Ajit Menon, L. Venkatachalam Associate Editors S. Anandhi, Krishanu Pradhan, K. Jafar Editorial Advisory Board Sunil Amrith, Harvard University, USA Sharad Chari, University of California, Berkeley, USA John Robert Clammer, Jindal School of Liberal Arts and Humanities, India Devika, J, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, India Neeraja Gopal Jayal, Jawaharlal Nehru University, India Sisira Jayasuriya, Monash University, Australia K.P. Kalirajan, Australian National University, Australia Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University, USA Anirudh Krishna, Duke University, USA James Manor, University of London, UK Mike Morris, University of Cape Town, South Africa David Mosse, University of London, UK Keijiro Otsuka, Kobe University, Japan Cosmas Ochieng, Boston University, USA Barbara Harriss-White, Oxford University, UK Publication Officer R. -
EAP835 Survey Reports Anonymous Private Collection 1
EAP835 Survey Reports Anonymous Private Collection 1 Description of materials: Collection 1 consists of ten manuscript volumes produced by the American Ceylon Mission (ACM) between 1815 and 1883. These volumes include reports, church record books, and minutes from ACM meetings, letterbooks, and a volume of advice for the wives of missionaries. Due to their focus on the ACM and authorship by its leading early figures, these volumes are related to the materials held in Collection 2, at the Jaffna Diocese of the Church of South India (JDCSI) in Vaddukoddai, Jaffna. Most of these materials are in fair to poor condition. Survey method: Seven manuscripts were originally shown to EAP835 Programme Managers by a member of the Jaffna Protestant community who is well-known to Manager Mark Balmforth. The Managers immediately noted that the manuscripts are all unique files from the nineteenth-century and therefore digitizable by British Library guidelines. Following this discovery, the Managers were given permission to survey the Private Collector’s home to search for new materials but none were found. Over the course of five months, the Private Collector unearthed three other nineteenth-century manuscript volumes of the same subjects and value as the previous materials. The Collector has noted that they will willingly share with EAP835 any new documents they might come upon in the future. Description of archive: The materials from this collection were not arranged when found. They were lent to EAP835 in a suitcase, in no particular order. When EAP835 finished digitizing the files, they were fumigated, wrapped in red cotton cloth to repel insects, labelled, and returned to the owner along with insect-repellent preservation sachets for proper storage. -
The Persistence of Caste
Volume 01 :: Issue 01 February 2020 ISSN 2639-4928 THE PERSISTENCE OF CASTE EDITORIAL Why a Journal on Caste Laurence Simon, Sukhadeo Thorat FELICITATION His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama ARTICLES Recasting Food: An Ethnographic Study on How Caste and Resource Inequality Perpetuate Social Disadvantage in India Nakkeeran N, Jadhav S, Bhattacharya A, Gamit S, Mehta C, Purohit P, Patel R and Doshi M A Commentary on Ambedkar’s Posthumously Published “Philosophy of Hinduism” Rajesh Sampath Population - Poverty Linkages and Health Consequences: Understanding Global Social Group Inequalities Sanghmitra Sheel Acharya Painting by Savi Sawarkar Nationalism, Caste-blindness and the Continuing Problems of War-Displaced Panchamars in Post-war Jaffna Society, Sri Lanka Kalinga Tudor Silva FORUM The Revolt of the Upper Castes Jean Drèze Caste, Religion and Ethnicity: Role of Social Determinants in Accessing Rental Housing Vinod Kumar Mishra BOOK REVIEWS Indian Political Theory: Laying Caste and Consequences: Looking Through the Lens of Violence G. C. Pal the Groundwork for Svaraj Aakash Singh Rathore As a Dalit Woman: My Life in a Caste-Ghetto of Kerala Maya Pramod, Bluestone Rising Scholar 2019 Award Gendering Caste: Through a Feminist Lens Uma Chakravarti Mirrors of the Soul: Performative Egalitarianisms and Genealogies The Empire of Disgust: of the Human in Colonial-era Travancore, 1854-1927 Vivek V. Narayan, Prejudice, Discrimination, Bluestone Rising Scholar 2019 Award and Policy in India and the US Hasan, Z., Huq,Volume A., Nussbaum, 01 :: Issue 01 February 2020 ISSN 2639-4928 Volume 01 :: Issue 01 February 2020 ISSN 2639-4928 In THENāki’s Wake: PERSISTENCE Slavery and Caste Supremacy inOF the American CASTE Ceylon M., Verma, V.