Selections from Plautus' Aulularia
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The Apologetics of Tertullian by John
Identity and Religion in Roman North Africa: the apologetics of Tertullian by John Elmer P. Abad A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy Graduate Department of Classics University of Toronto @ copyright by John Elmer Abad (2018) John Elmer Abad Doctor of Philosophy Department of Classics University of Toronto 2018 Abstract This dissertation examines the strategies employed by Tertullian in the construction and articulation of Christian identity in the pluralistic Roman North African society. The focus will be the apologetic works of Tertullian, the Ad Martyras, the Ad Nationes and the Apologeticum written around 197 A.D. Popular biases against Christians, the Romanizing tendencies of local elites in North Africa, the marginalization of sub-elites, the influence of cultural and intellectual revolution known as the Second Sophistic Movement, and the political ideologies and propaganda of emperor Septimius Severus – all these influenced Tertullian’s attempt to construct and articulate a Christian identity capable of engaging the ever changing socio- political landscape of North African at the dawn of the third century A.D. I shall examine select areas in antiquity where identities were explored, contested and projected namely, socio- cultural, religious, and political. I have identified four spheres which I refer to as “sites” of identity construction, namely paideia, the individual, community and “religion”. Chapter One provides a brief survey of the various contexts of Tertullian’s literary production. It includes a short description of the socio-political landscape during the reign of Emperor Septimius Severus, a brief history of Christianity in Roman North Africa, an introduction to the person of Tertullian, and his place within the “apologetic” tradition. -
Vocabulary of European Philosophies, Part 2
DOSSIER Vocabulary of European Philosophies, Part 2 Following the publication of ʻSubjectʼ in RP 138, we as ʻobjectʼ. Yet as Dominique Pradelle shows, the dis- present here a trio of related entries from Barbara tinction involves ʻan etymological reawakeningʼ upon Cassin (ed.), Vocabulaire Européen des Philosophies: which Kantʼs critical revolution depended. Like that Dictionnaire des Intraduisibles (Editions du Seuil/ revolution itself, however, the precise contours of the Dictionnaires Le Robert, 2004): ʻGegenstand/Objektʼ, distinction remain in dispute. Pradelle argues that ʻter- ʻObjectʼ and ʻResʼ. Within the Vocabularyʼs reconstruc- minologically the distinction between appearance and tion of the complex, multilingual translational history thing-in-itself corresponds to the distinction between underlying the diversity of modern philosophical uses Gegenstand and Objekt in the original textʼ, thereby of ʻsubjectʼ – at once philologically meticulous and directly aligning Objekt with Ding, on the basis of philosophically polemical – the opposition of subject Kantʼs use of the expression ʻobject in itselfʼ. Others to object appears as part of only one of three main have placed more emphasis on the threefold nature of groups of meanings associated with the term ʻsubjectʼ. the chain, Gegenstand– Objekt –Ding, and hence upon Furthermore, in its most basic sense of subjectness the intermediate status of Objekt in Kantʼs discourse. ( subjectité in French, Subjektheit in German) – derived Nonetheless, this intermediate status is given its from Aristotleʼs hupokeimenon via the Latin subjec- due in Pradelleʼs brilliant exposition of the ʻdegrees of tum – the meanings of ʻsubjectʼ are shown to overlap phenomenal objectivityʼ in Kant. This also functions as with those of ʻthingʼ and ʻpragmaʼ (res and causa). -
Plautus, with an English Translation by Paul Nixon
^-< THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY I FOUKDED BY JAMES IXtEB, liL.D. EDITED BY G. P. GOOLD, PH.D. FORMEB EDITOBS t T. E. PAGE, C.H., LiTT.D. t E. CAPPS, ph.d., ii.D. t W. H. D. ROUSE, LITT.D. t L. A. POST, l.h.d. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.b.hist.soc. PLAUTUS IV 260 P L A U T U S WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY PAUL NIXON DKAK OF BOWDODf COLUDOB, MAin IN FIVE VOLUMES IV THE LITTLE CARTHAGINIAN PSEUDOLUS THE ROPE T^r CAMBRIDOE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD MCMLXXX American ISBN 0-674-99286-5 British ISBN 434 99260 7 First printed 1932 Reprinted 1951, 1959, 1965, 1980 v'Xn^ V Wbb Printed in Great Britain by Fletcher d- Son Ltd, Norwich CONTENTS I. Poenulus, or The Little Carthaginian page 1 II. Pseudolus 144 III. Rudens, or The Rope 287 Index 437 THE GREEK ORIGINALS AND DATES OF THE PLAYS IN THE FOURTH VOLUME In the Prologue^ of the Poenulus we are told that the Greek name of the comedy was Kapx^Sdvios, but who its author was—perhaps Menander—or who the author of the play which was combined with the Kap;^8ovios to make the Poenulus is quite uncertain. The time of the presentation of the Poenulus at ^ Rome is also imcertain : Hueffner believes that the capture of Sparta ' was a purely Plautine reference to the war with Nabis in 195 b.c. and that the Poenulus appeared in 194 or 193 b.c. The date, however, of the Roman presentation of the Pseudolus is definitely established by the didascalia as 191 b.c. -
Sacred Places and Ceremonies in Spain a Note on the Ius Sacrum in Roman Law Desecrations and Criminal Protection
O wolność wyznawania religii we współczesnym świecie INSTYTUTU WYMIARU SPRAWIEDLIWOŚCI Przeciwdziałanie przyczynom dyskryminacji i pomoc prześladowanym na przykładzie chrześcijan Ana Mohino Sacred places and ceremonies in Spain A note on the ius sacrum in Roman Law Desecrations and criminal protection Współfinansowano ze środków Funduszu Sprawiedliwości, którego dysponentem jest Minister Sprawiedliwości Co-financed from the means of the Justice Fund administered by the Minister of Justice Table of contents 1. Preface / 3 2. A sociological approach / 4 3. Overview of ius sacrum and legal protection of res religiosae in Rome / 5 4. The constitutional order / 7 5. Comparison between freedom of expression and protection of religious feeling / 8 6. The context of criminal law / 10 6.1. General premises / 13 6.2. Article 523, Penal Code / 16 6.3. Crime of desecration must be performed / 16 6.4. Crime of mockery / 18 7. Conclusion / 21 Bibliography / 22 Case Law / 23 1. Preface Legal systems do not only consist of a collection of rules, being also a dynamic reality in which they change, whereas the principles that inspire them are maintained. Therefore, we jurists must prevent positivist normativism from being overcome and subjected to an order of values.1 Article 1 of the Constitution of Spain states that: “the highest values of its legal system are liberty, justice, equality and political pluralism.” Article 10 of the Spanish Constitution establishes the “dignity of the person” as the foundation of political order.2 From the dignity of the -
Pontefici, Sacra, Ius Sacrum*
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UnissResearch N. 4 – 2005 – Tradizione romana CRISTIANA M. A. RINOLFI Università di Sassari Livio 1.20.5-7: pontefici, sacra, ius sacrum* SOMMARIO: 1. L’istituzione del sacerdozio pontificale. – 2. Quibus hostiis sacra fierent. – 3. Quibus diebus sacra fierent. – 4. Ad quae templa sacra fierent. – 5. Atque unde in eos sumptus pecunia erogaretur. – 6. Cetera quoque omnia publica privataque sacra. – 7. Funebria. – 8. Prodigia. – 9. Potenzialità sistematiche del passo liviano. – 10. Adempimenti rituali. – 11. Conclusioni. Liv. 1.20.5-7: 5. [Numa] Pontificem deinde Numam Marcium Marci filium ex patribus legit eique sacra omnia exscripta exsignataque attribuit, quibus hostiis, quibus diebus, ad quae templa sacra fierent, atque unde in eos sumptus pecunia erogaretur. 6. Cetera quoque omnia publica privataque sacra pontificis scitis subiecit, ut esset quo consultum plebes veniret, ne quid divini iuris neglegendo patrios ritus peregrinosque adsciscendo turbaretur; 7. nec caelestes modo caerimonias, sed iusta quoque funebria placandosque manes ut idem pontifex edoceret, quaeque prodigia fulminibus aliove quo visu missa susciperentur atque curarentur. Ad ea elicienda ex mentibus divinis Iovi Elicio aram in Aventino dicavit, deumque consuluit auguriis quae suspicienda essent. 1. – L’ISTITUZIONE DEL SACERDOZIO PONTIFICALE I pontefici romani[1], fin dal loro apparire, si presentarono come esperti ufficiali dei riti[2] patri della religione romana[3]. La citata testimonianza di Livio in merito alla creazione del collegio dei pontefici[4] da parte di Numa Pompilio[5], mostra la peculiarità delle funzioni originarie di questi sacerdoti. Lo storico patavino, infatti, offre sul punto un racconto particolareggiato, in cui vengono elencate le vaste competenze pontificali. -
Divinità Tutelare Cittadina Nella Religione Romana
Parte Seconda La divinità tutelare cittadina nella religione romana 5.1 Il genius Si deus, si dea est, cui populus civitasque Carthaginiensis est in tutela, teque maxime, ille qui urbis huius populique tutelam recepisti… : così recita l’invocazione del carmen evocationis tramandato da Macrobio. Pur essendoci soffermati in dettaglio sulle varie componenti del carmen nel paragrafo dedicato a Giunone Celeste, se n’è volutamente rimandata la trattazione in quanto intimamente legata al genius , figura divina dal ruolo importantissimo nella religione romana e centrale nell’economia del discorso dal quale il presente lavoro prende le mosse. Sarà dunque opportuno trattare per sommi capi le caratteristiche principali di questo peculiare essere divino. Potremo poi soffermarci sulla formula «precauzionale» sive deus sive dea , utile anche per approfondire i rapporti tra il genius e Giunone, che si riveleranno fecondi di spunti e riflessioni importanti. A partire da queste considerazioni, infine, avremo tutti gli elementi per volgere la nostra attenzione alla misteriosa figura della divinità tutelare segreta di Roma. Il genius è la divinità che meglio simboleggia l’elemento «puntuale» che abbiamo poc’anzi rilevato come altamente caratteristico della religione romana. Il dossier riguardante la divinità ne fa emergere alcune caratteristiche ben definite: « Genius est soit la personnalité d’un individu telle qu’elle s’est constituée à sa naissance, soit cette personnalité comprise comme un double, physiquement et moralement solidaire de l’individu depuis sa naissance jusqu’à sa mort, soit une sorte de divinité qui lui est spécialement attachée et qui requiert un culte, en particulier aux anniversaires de sa naissance». Tale è la definizione del Dumézil in un magistrale articolo sull’argomento 1. -
Reconstructing Religion Augustus and the Fratres Arvales
Reconstructing Religion Augustus and the Fratres Arvales Sarah Limoges Department of History McGill University Montreal, Canada August 2010 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts Sarah Limoges 2010 1 Abstracts The following thesis is an examination of the underlying reasons for the re‐establishment of the cult of the Arval Brothers under Augustus, the first Roman Emperor (31 BC‐AD14). It aims to prove that the re‐foundation of this archaic Roman cult fits within the parameters of Augustus’ religious, as well as political reforms after the victory at Actium in 31 BC. Moreover, it seeks to determine the reasons behind the choice of this particular cult. Although Augustus had significantly reduced the number of men in the Senate, there was still a bottleneck for the few major political offices available. Thus, he decided to give out priesthoods as thanks to his loyal supporters, and to reward those that had crossed over to his side. The members of the brotherhood in 21 BC are highly prominent men both militarily and politically, and this shows that Augustus wanted to solidify his support among the members of the aristocracy. La présente thèse est une examination des raisons sous‐jacentes du rétablissement du culte des Frères Arvales sous Auguste, le premier empereur Romain (31av. J.‐C.‐14 de notre ère). Elle propose de prouver que le rétablissement de ce culte romain archaïque s’accorde avec les paramètres des réformes politique et religieuse suivant la victoire à Actium en 31 av. J.‐C. -
UTOPIA — & — Selected Epigrams by Thomas More
UTOPIA — & — SelecTed ePIgrAmS by Thomas More Utopia translated by gre Ald MalSbAry ——— Epigrams translated by brAdley Ritter, Carl Young, erIk ellIS ——— General Editors gre Ard b. Wegemer, STePhen W. Smith clTmS PUb ISherS at The UnIverSITy Of DallAS © 2020 The title page of the March 1518Utopia shows the face of a thorn- crowned Christ at the top and the suicide of the Roman Lucretia at the bottom. Beholding the scene are Lucretia’s father and husband, along with Lucius Junius Brutus. After this event, Brutus would lead Rome to exile the Tarquin tyrants and to found the Roman Republic, becoming one of its first two consuls. For the Lucretia story, see Livy 1.58. For other treatments of Lucretia’s death, see Augustine, City of God (book 1, chapters 16–20), and Shakespeare’s The Rape of Lucrece. In his “argument” before the poem, Shakespeare explains the significance of what followed Lucretia’s death for Rome: “With one consent they all vowed to root out the whole hated family of the Tarquins; and bearing the dead body to Rome, Brutus acquainted the people with the doer and manner of the vile deed, with a bit- ter invective against the tyranny of the King: wherewith the people were so moved, that with one consent and a general acclamation the Tarquins were all exiled, and the state government changed from kings to consuls.” On consuls, see More’s Epigram 198, pp. 113–14. ii c OncernIng The beST STATe Of A cOmmOnWeAlTh and the new island of Utopia, a truly golden handbook, no less beneficial than entertaining by the most distinguished and eloquent man T hOmAS mOre, citizen and sheriff of the famous city of London — —— ——— — ePIgrAmS of the very famous and very learned man T hOmAS mOre, in large part translated from the Greek ii iii cOnTents Paratexts 1* Letter of Erasmus to John Froben . -
Aus: Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik 133 (2000) 291–297
CELIA E. SCHULTZ MODERN PREJUDICE AND ANCIENT PRAXIS: FEMALE WORSHIP OF HERCULES AT ROME aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 133 (2000) 291–297 © Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn 291 MODERN PREJUDICE AND ANCIENT PRAXIS: FEMALE WORSHIP OF HERCULES AT ROME Discussion of the religious activities of Roman women is usually limited to two types of cults: those that addressed traditionally feminine matters,1 for example, the cult of Juno Lucina whose temple was thought to have been founded by the matrons of Rome as a thanks offering for safe childbirth, and those that required virginal chastity of their officials or worshippers – the most famous of these being the cult of Vesta. This rather limited picture of female religious activity in Rome is drawn largely from the evidence of ancient literature. A great deal of material evidence, however, suggests that women enjoyed a much wider range of religious experience. There is, above all, inscriptional evidence for female worshippers of Juppiter, Apollo, Mars, and Mercury – none of whom was particularly concerned with fertility or chastity.2 Hercules is another god whose interests would appear to be outside the realm of female religious experience. Indeed, many scholars assert that women were prohibited from participation in his cult at Rome.3 Other scholars, however, maintain that women were interdicted only from rites observed at one particular cult site in the city, the Ara Maxima.4 This division of scholarly opinion arises from an apparent contradiction between literary evidence that clearly indicates some kind of restriction on female participation in the cult and several of what appear to be genuine ancient dedications to the god set up by both individual women, and by men and women together. -
Roman Agricultural Magic
ROMAN AGRICULTURAL MAGIC by Britta K. Ager A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Studies) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor Derek B. Collins, Co-Chair Professor David S. Potter, Co-Chair Professor Richard Janko Associate Professor Stuart A. Kirsch © Britta K. Ager 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe my gratitude to many people: I would particularly like to thank the members of my committee: Derek Collins, who sparked my interest in magic and encouraged the project at its beginnings; David Potter, for his extremely patient help and guidance throughout graduate school and the dissertation in particular; Richard Janko, for his meticulous corrections and great knowledge; and to Stuart Kirsch, who offered much interesting advice and scholarship to this classicist. My very great thanks go to my fellow graduate students at Michigan, and especially to Amanda Regan, Kathryn Seidl Steed, Richard Persky, Julia Shapiro, Cassandra Borges, and Evelyn Adkins. Without their advice, support, friendship, and encouragements to eat I would never have finished this project. I owe special thank-yous to Ruth Scodel, for the many enjoyable evenings of Scottish dancing; and to the staff of the Michigan Classics department, without whom all would have regularly been lost. Lastly, I would like to thank my parents and brother for their patience and support, and for the many book-filled holidays they endured without complaint. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ii Abstract v Chapter I. Magic in the Roman Agronomists 1 Introduction Defining Magic Labeling Ancient Magic Overt Magic Cultic Magic Natural Magic The Interaction of Types of Magic Social and Political Dimensions to Magic Genre and Magic The Agronomists, Context, and Magic Conclusion Chapter II. -
Short Historical Latin Grammar
t44:9^ SHORT HISTORICAL LATIN GRAMMAR r/' W. M. LINDSAY, M.A. t » » FELLOW OF JESUS COLLEGE, OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1895 bonbon HENRY FROWDE Oxford University Press Warehouse Amen Corner, E.C. Qten? ^orft MACMILLA.N & CO., 66 FIFTH AVENUE PREFACE Teachers of Latin Grammar have for a long time felt the need of a book which will exhibit the his- torical development of Latin Accidence and explain the anomalies of Latin Declension and Conjugation^ which will explain, for example, how itineris became the Genitiv(J of iter, how volo, vis, vult differ from lego, legis, legit^ why the Comparative of magnijicus should be the circum should have magnificentior, why Preposition a by-form circa. In this 8hort Historical Latin Grammar, designed for the Universities and the Higher Forms of Schools, I have tried to present this information in an intelligible and, if possible, interesting form. While making full use of the discoveries of Comparative Philo- logy, which have in recent years added so much to our knowledge of Latin, I have avoided the technical vocabulary of that science, and in quoting parallels to Latin words have restricted myself to the Greek, to the exclusion of Sanscrit, Gothic, and the other Indo- European languages. It is true that each and every problem of the Latin language has not yet been solved, but for all that the stability of most of the results reached by the methods of Comparative Philology is beyond question; and every one who has studied the ^3 vi Preface. subject witli any minuteness knows which results are certain and which may have to be modified by subsequent research. -
Reconstructing Religion Augustus and the Fratres Arvales Sarah Limoges
Reconstructing Religion Augustus and the Fratres Arvales Sarah Limoges Department of History McGill University Montreal, Canada August 2010 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts Sarah Limoges 2010 Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l’édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-72788-1 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-72788-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non- L’auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l’Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non- support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L’auteur conserve la propriété du droit d’auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.