Archeologia e Calcolatori 7, 1996, 661-680

COPPER AGE CYLINDERS FROM : A DATA BASE

1. INTRODUCTION Numerous objects with a cylindrical shape existing in the Southern half of Portugal, and in a litde part of the South of , come from graves and hill-forts_ These graves ha ve a very different architectural form but their con­ texts are analogous. The cylinders are described or mentioned only in a large bibliography and the only inventory that we know about was made by ALMAGRO GoRBEA (1969, 221-264). The study was made in a traditional linear writing with ali the lacks rhat this type of writing involves in these archaeological works. The cylinders have severa] dimensions, a specific anthropomorphic ico­ nography, a significant quantity being without any decoration and rhey are in light colours. In this perspective, the unique solution is to organize a Data Base in which all characteristics of these artifacts will be described. In fact, the computer is a tool which demands stiff rules in the treatment of the infor­ mati on to be used in a suitable form. This means that the possibility to make the management of big quanti­ ties of information permits a more objective and precise interpretation of the facts so, rhe first necessity of the archaeologists is to organize a lexicon which allows us to describe any object with uniformity and without ambiguities. Therefore, in the first phase of our work we present a hierarchical vocabulary that describes ali cylinders. In the second phase, each file was typed into the computer and the management of the set was made. The "corpus" has 303 files and the man­ agement was made with the programme Access. In the third phase we did the interpretation using the arguments about the context of the objects. Our results are confronted with M. GIMBUTAS' last interpretation about this subject (1989, 1991).

LEXICON A. LOCALIZATION 1. Space 1.1 Province 1.2 District - Estremadura - Lisboa -Algarve -Santarém - Ribacejo -Setubal - Faro - Leiria

661 M. da C. Monteiro Rodrigues

1.3 Council 1.4 Site 1.5 Resting-place - - S. Marcinho de Sintra - natural cave - -Zambujal - artificial cave - - Leceia - tholos -Azambuja - Rotura -dolmen - Palmela - Cova da Moura - hill-forr - Porcimao - Casa da Moura - Torres Novas -Samarra - Santiago do Cacém - Praia das Maças - - Estria - - Herdade da Cariola - - Vila Nova de Sao Pedro -Alenquer - Serra das Mutelas -Sesimbra - Moncarapacho - Sao Lourenço (Azeitao) B. ANATOMICAL ELEMENTS

1. Head 3. Face (see picrure with double entrance) - salient 3.1 Shape - absent smoorh - angular - absent decorated - single curve - undefined - double curve 2. Hair - semi-circle 2.1 Shape 3.2 Position (parallel lines) - zigzag - horizontal - vertical 2.2 Length - oblique - 1/2 -3/4

- vertical - oblique

.. - angular ~ - single curve ~ o o - double curve o rn - semi-circle ~

662 Copper Age cylinders from Portugal: a Data Base

4. Eyes 4.1 Shape - point - concentric -sun - star - crescent - others circle I• 5. Other elements - body flat - complex decorarion -1 -2 -3 -4

C. GENERALITIES 1. Materiai 2. Dimensions - calcareous 2.1 Height - day - (centimeter) - marble 2.2 Diameter -bone - (centimecer) - orhers

2. COMMENTARY The lexicon was organized imo three chapters, LOCALIZATION, ANA­ TOMICAL ELEMENTS and GENERALITIES. Each of them was divided into severa! sections and subsections. These describe the elements of cylinders. LOCALIZATION: the space is indispensable to know the provenance of cylinders. The describers are the geographical divisions of Portugal. ANATOMICAL ELEMENTS: these are organized according to divi­ sions of the human body: head, hair and face. This procedure was adopted because some of them have an anthropomorphic shape. Some describers are accompanied by a drawing to clarify the name such as: the absence of a smooth cylinder, etc. The describers of the iconography of the face were che mosc difficult choice because che signs are very diversified. This section has two important descriptions: shape and position. These elements are presented on a picture with a double entrance where we show the signs of the eyes and the face. In che section called "other elements" we register the cylinders with a special iconography because they are unique.

663 M. da C. Monteiro Rodrigues

GENERALITIES: this chapter describes the sections about the materiai and the dimensions. The vocabulary is written in a hierarchical form which we show graphically on the following sheet.

l..OCAUZATIOK

SPACE

-...... s- S.Man-...sesmer. llllNnllc.aw ...... L- CIKIU. ?.a.'"-P.1 lltlìfitÌlllC.W R.il>Nj• TmwVodns l.oceil BcUa LitoBL -·F... Aram~I llDon dolmm c.;.;. Ccmd&M_.. l'lllllolo llÌIH•ft- - CuadaMouaa T.naNovu Saetifto do Cuém PnildoMoçh... -i-.. -e.v;, AmlNdosViDIMls HcNNeUCariola Codoni Vili NOY& ff Sh Ptdt9 Scmi~M111tW s.Nmbn~- ~ Sitio ~ (Aaiciol

ANA~ICAL.ELEMENTS (;ENE.RALJTJES

llEAD HAlfl: FACE EYES CFTHER MATER.IAL DlMENSIONS

ulicm r.i&A& 112 q.l'lar horizonW poinl .,.,.,.,.... al»eft1 smooth )/4 stn&)eaiM wrtic::llll circle cla1 absitn1dcc'Of3lcd doublc- t\IM oblique QlfDnlric ci~ ....,,.. S1tmì-arcl1 ...... """

664 Copper Age cy/inders {rom Portugal: a Data Base

3. GIMBUTAS1 INTERPRETATION The last interpretation that we know about the cylinders says that these objects are linked with the concept of the "Eye Goddess", during che Neo­ lithic (GJMBUTAS 1989, 54). The argumentations to justify this thesis are the following: al) The West European Eye Goddess is known almost exclusively from se­ pulchral artifacts - either as a large stone stela standing at the entrance to megalithic tombs, or as a figurin, bone phalange, stone cylinder, or schist plaque deposit within; a2) The West European Eye Goddess of France, Spain, Portugal and Great Britain carne from megalithic cultures dating from the 5th to 3rd millenia B.C.; b) These figures are connected with che stiff nude ladies made in light colour materials and placed in the graves; c) The round eyes established her identity because often no auxiliary an­ thropomorphic features were deemed necessary; d) The cylinders were diffused from the Near East (according to Crowford) crossed che Mediterranean and arrived to Western Europe (GJMBUTAS 1989, 204). The similarity resulted, probably, from a universally held symbolic con­ cept of Divine Eyes, from which western variants developed Gimbutas' foun­ dations to interpret chat the Portuguese cylinders do not agree with our re­ sults, in many ways. We are showing those graphically.

4. 0UR ANALYSIS OF RESULTS al) The cylinders were found not only in che graves but also in the Porcu­ guese hill-forcs (Vila Nova de S. Pedro and Zambujal etc.). The context of scone cylinders is rarely the same as the schist plaque (Fig. 1). a2) The cylinders carne above all from che "tholos" not che megalithic combs (Fig. 1). Whacever the type of graves, the archeologica! context belongs to che Copper age, initiated by che arrivai of che Kurgans. When they come from che megalichic tombs che contexc is always che copper age epoch. In fact, this people used the Neolithic graves co de­ posit their dead. So, che cylinders are dated from 2500-2100 B.C. to 1600 B.C. b) The main raw materiai used seems to have been che light colour such as: calcareous and bone although the majority of the materiai is unknown (Fig. 2). This colour represents the Goddess of Death in the agricultural people and the colour black was adopted by the Kurgan people to repre­ sent che death (GIMBUTAS 1991, 400).

665 M. da C. Monteiro Rodrigues

11111 -r----r~------

Fig. 1 - Distribution of cylindrical figures by rese piace.

1IO

UIO ,.. no

tOO

IO

00

40

Fig. 2 - Distribution of cylindrical figures by materiai. e) The round eyes in cylinders that show their anthropomorphic features are only 4%. This particularity agrees with Gimbutas' hypothesis but we know that the Kurgans had the sun and the stars as divinities (G!MBUfAS 1991 )(Fig. 3 ). d) According to Gimbutas the cylinders come from the Near East, and crossed the Mediterranean but this type of figures appears above ali in Spain and Porrugal.

5. CONCLUSION The sun was drawn on many objects and stones from the Neolithic to the lron age. This means that this star was divinized by prehistoric man.

666 Copper Age cylinders {rom Portugal: a Data Base

Fig. 3 - Different aspects of eyes-shape in cylindrical figures.

- 1" ... •

Fig. 4 - Distribution of cylindrical figures by province.

In this perspective the sun assumed a divine universal symbolic concept even if it is not represented. The Portuguese cylinders from the Copper Age have, probably, a dou­ ble function as a result of two opposite ideologies: 1. The light colours representing the death of the sedentary agriculturalists.

667 M. da C. Monteiro Rodrigues

Leiria 8 Torrcs Novas I Bombarral I Cadaval 5 Alcnqucr 2 edras 44 Azambuja 58 Arruda dos Vinhos 6 I S1n1ra 861.ourcs 3 as 3

Santiago do Cacém

Fig. 5 - Disrribution of cylindrical figures by Council.

668 Copper Age cylinders (rom Portugal: a Data Base

2. The shape changed from female figurines, to cylinders which represent, probably, a male figure. In fact, the ideology of the Kurgans based on a chiefman did not allow them to accept one female figure as a divinity. We have some nice examples of statuettes from Spain, in the form of cylinders and bone phalanges. These carne from graves of the Copper Age. This idea was certainly transported from this country to Portugal by sea along the Atlantic coast (Figs. 4 and 5)

MARIA DA CoNcErçAo MoNTEIRO RooRrGuEs Faculty of Human and Social Science New University of

BIBLIOGRAPHY A. For the "corpus" FrnREIRA A.R., LEISNF.R V., FF.RREIRA O.V. 1961, Monumentos megaliticos de Trigache e de A.­ da-Be;a, «Comunicaçoes dos Serviços Geol6gicos de Portugal», 45, Lisboa, 297-337. FrnREIRA O. V. 1953, O Monumento pré-hist6rico de Agualva (Cacém), «Zephyrus», 4, Salamanca, 151-166. FERREIRA O.V. 1966, La Culture du Vase Campaniforme au Portugal, Memoria n. 12 (Nova Série), Serviços Geologicos de Portugal, Lisboa. GALLAY G., SPINDLER K., TRINDADf. L., FERREIRA O. V. 1973, O Monumento Pré-Hist6rico de Pai Mogo (Lourinhii), Associaçao dos Arqueo(·ogos Porrugueses, Lisboa. jALHAY E., PAço A. 1945, El castro de Vi/a Nova de S. Pedro, Actas y Memorias de la sociedad Espafiola de Antropologia Etnologica y Prehisroria, 20, Madrid. Leisner G. e V. 1943, Die Megalithgriiber der Iberichen Halbinsel. Der Suden, Berlin. LEISNER G e V. 1965, Die Megalithgriiber der Iberichen Halbinse/. Der Westen, Berlin. SANGMF.ISTF.R E./ ScHUBARTH H. 1970, Zambuial: Urna fortificaçao da Idade do Cobre em Portuga, «Revista de Guimariies•» 80, 391-400. SANGMEISTF.R E., ScHUBARTH H. 1981,Zambujal: Die Grabungen, 1964 bis 1973, «Madrider Beitraje», 5, Mainz Rhein, 1-356. SANGMEISTER E., ScHUBARTH H., TRINDADE L. 1966, Escavaçoes no Castro EneoUtico do Zambujal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 1964, Camara Municipal de Torres Vedras.

B. The Text ALMAGRO GoRBEA M. J. 1969, Los "Idolos Cilindros" del Bonce I en la Peninsula Ibérica, «Trabajos de Prehist6ria,,, 26, Nova Série, Madrid, 221-264. GIMBUTAS M. 1989, The Language o( the Goddess: The World o( Old Europe, London, Thames and Hudson. G1MBUTAS M. 1991, The Civilization o( the Goddess: The Wor/d o( O/d Europe, New York, Harper Collins Publishers.

669 O'\ ~ " THE CORPUS "

14-Nov·95

HIMBER raoVll'ICI! Dlft"aJCT COUNCIL SITE llEST_PLACE HEAD ~ HAlll_ PACB_ FACB_ EYES_ MATDIAL llEIGllT DIAM& DISI'_ COfiC_ $rn:. SHAn LeHOT S11AP2 POSn'IOH SHAPe na coo coo coo

I ALGARVE FARO PORTIMAO ~ ntOLOS ~SENCE A8SEMCE BSE«:E IND. l, ;u IOS 11102 ,....,...,...... ,,""""""" •• 2 ALGAllVE FARO l'Oll11MAO ALCAt.AR ~ ABm«:E ~ IND. .. l 805 Il 8110l l Al..CJARVE FARO PORTIMAO ALCAUJI 1110UlS .....,,CE ABSENCE ABSENCE llSU'CE IND. 5. .., 805 .. 11102 • ALGARVE FARO l'ORTIMAO ALCAUJI llSVW> ...... a ABSElfa'. '°""'ENCE n=nCE IND. 5 l IO!! 81 11102 5 ALGARVE FARO POR11MAO Motfll: VE1BO 11tOLOS -CE AJ!SENCE Al!SENCE """"CE lND. 9, J, IOS .. 11102 6 ALGARVE FARO PORTIMAO Motfll: VfIJIO ""'LOS _...... ,....ENCE ABSOICE BSENCE IND. .. IOS .. 11102 7 ~VE FARO POR11MA0 MOHra VfIJIO n!OLOS IDOENCE .....,...CE ABSENCE BSENCE !ND. 6. 2.• 805 81 11102 g •ES11lEMADURA SE'IV8AL SANTIAGO DO CACEM SAO FRAl'ICISCO DA SERR l™Ol.OS ""'ENCE .....,...CE AllSENCE BSEltCE IND. ( 1500 l"" 1~10 ' ES11lEMADURA SETUBAL PALMELA CASALDO PARDO 11\J\,.CAVE IBOEl

~ µnu::MAl>URA SE1\/BAL PALMEl.A ICASAL DO PARDO ,...... CAVE ~ i'BSENCE ...... a< BSEl

.,.,,.,..,u. ~ Il ~'""""'DURA PALMELA l'J'OAL DO PARDO AlO.TIJDAL PALMELA ~DOPARDO AKl.CAVE ...... -.; ~ IND • 2. 1,., I"'""' ·-· """"""-" """'"""" .... 21 SE1U1IA1. PALMELA ~LDOPARDO ""1". CAVE """"""" ...... ,..;t; ABSDiCE ~ !ND. 7, 2-' 1500 15Q 150802 22 ---ADUltAESnEMADURA aTIJBIJ. PALMELA ~ASAI. DO PARDO ...RT.CAVE ...LIENI' ,..,....CE ABSOICE BSENCE IND. IO.! I 1500 ,,., lSOllOZ 2l ESnEMADURA SE1\/BAL PALMELA CASAL DO PARDO ""1.CAVE ...... ,, ~CE ABSENCE BSENCE BONE 6, 1500 .... 150902 z.o ES111EMADURA USBOA CASCAIS ALAPIW.A 1un.CAVE ~CE ...... ,.CE AllSBilCE DRm:E IND. .. J,l 1106 Il~ 1105IM 2S ESTREMADURA USBOA CASCAIS Al.AfltAIA ART.CAVE INl

26 ESTREMADURA USBOA CASCAIS "1JJ'RAIA 11'\.Ki.CAVE ._.,,CE l\DOUOCE ABSENCE BSENCE IND. 7, l~ 1106 110 11050< Xl ESTREMADURA USBOA ALAPRAIA ... RT. CAVE ABSEl'lcE BSENCE IND. CASCAlS """"'CE """""CE 12' · ~ 1106 Il~ 11050-I 28 ES11lEMADURA USBOA CASCAI$ iALA1'RA1A ... RT.CAVE lllSEHCE -Cl! ABSENCE BSElfCE IND. 6. i.• 1106 Il~ 1105IM i'Ultltll ~ DIS'TltlCT COUNCIL SITE REST_PLACE HE.<1> HAut_ HAIR_ FACI;_ FAQ_ EYES_ MATtlUAL HJ:ICllT ~ DIST_ CONC_ Sin:; SHAPE LI:NGT Sl!Art POSl'TlON SHAPE Tf.R COD COD COD --19- ,UT.CAVE f8$EllCE )G fllT. CA VE tAllSE!a )I 3l 33 li

")4 » lt ,,. ll'D. 40 ll'D. .... IND. 42 IND. '3 IND. « l ~ o .... 47 111101 111 1 iiii01l "49 mt 1111011 'iii lit flltOf Si lii 11110~ Si lii 111101 111101 "l4 ii"iiO t--s: 11110 ~",, 111101 li lii 1111oi S9 ~ì ~~STJIDW>URA iif1iiioi 1 O\...... °''-I lflJMBElt PROVINCE DISTIUCT COUNCIL SITE REST_PLAcr HEAD KAIR_ KAIR_ FAct_ FACE_ EYES_ MATERIAL HEIGHT DIAM[.. DIST_ CONC_ Sl1'tO N SKAPE LENCT SHAPE POSJTION SHAPE TElt COD COD COD 61 ESnEMADU!tA USBOA SnmtA AGUALVA •nul.OS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCAll. 2, 1, HOO lii 111101 --"62 ESiltEMAllllaA USBOA SINlRA SAMI.MA ·111ULOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. IO, llOC lii o 6J ESTltEMADUltA USBOA SINlRA SAMI.MA •nvLOS ,..,.ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. IO,< J, mx lii o ~ ESnEMADUM LISBOA SnmtA AAEllQUE • VILA '-"" ART. CAVE INU. AJISENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. ' ' 1100 lii 111104 65 LISBOA AAEllQUE • VILA CKA ART. CAVE INO. ABSENCE AllSENCE ADOENCE CALCAlll.. 1100 111 111104 ~-·-·---·- ' ' AR.ENQlra. VILA <."HA 66 ESnEMADURA LISllOA - ART.CAVE INO. ABSENCE A8SEHCE ABSEHCE ~ ' 1100 l ii 111104 61 LISllOA SIHnA AR.ENQlra • VILA OiA ART. CAVE DID. ABSEHCE ,...... ABSENCE I o 1100 111 111104 - ""'"'""""' USIOA SIHlllA ART.CAVE DIO. ABSENCE ~. llOC 111 111104 -...,.--~ """"""""r.·YILAQIÀ AJISENCE ~ ' ' E5nEMADUR.A USBOA SnmtA ~-VD..A~nA ART. CAVE ...... ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ""'"""""· ' ' 110C 111 111104 ~ ESnEMADUR.A USBOA SnmtA ART.CAVE INO. ABSENCE lii --,.--- CARENQUE • VII.A ~"" ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. ' ' 1100 111104 ESnEMADIJaA L!SBOA SINlRA CAREllQUE· VII.A""" AllT.CAVE lllD. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. ' 1100 lii 111104 -n- ESTltEMADUltA L!SBOA SnmtA WUmlVt • VILA <.KA ART.CAVE INO. IABSENCi ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. ' 1100 111 111104 13 ESTltEMADUltA USBOA SINlRA AIWIQUE • VILA CllA ART.CAVE INI}. IAllSENCi ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCAlll.. I 1100 111 111104 14 ESnEMADUltA US80A SINTRA BEl.AS DOLMEN ABSENCE ABSEHCE ABSENCE CALCARE. I 1100 111 111104 _,.,. ~·" ' 15 LISBOA Bu..u llOUE< INO. ABSENCE ABSENCE """"""'.. ""'"'-"""" I 1100 111 111104 ....,..._.. ' 1' 1E51llMAl>UU µsllOA ....,,.,. BElAS INO. ABSE«:E A8SEHCE ~ ~ I I 1100 111 111104 ....,..._.. 11 ISBOA UAn= l'"""'CHE """""'-C iABSENCE A8SEHCE ~ INO. 3,1 2, llOC 110 110710 1' ESlllMADIJU ISBOA SRITM ICOHCHADAS UVLMUO AJISE«:E !ABSEHCE I J) llOC lii a ~· ...... ~- 1' ESTllMADl.MA LISBOA Sll'tlaA ~OllCKADAS DOLMEll ABSENCE iABSENCE l\P>ENCE ""°"""'" CALCARE. l , IJ HOC 111 a IO ESTUMADUR.A USBOA SllffllA ~ONCHADAS DOLMEN ABSENCE iABSENCE ADOENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. l) HOO 111 o Il ESTllEMADUR.A LISBOA SllllllA SAO MAP.llNHO DE SDml ITHOl.OS SALIENT iABSENCE ADOENCE ABSENCE BONE I, HOC 111 111111

12 ESTIIEMADUR.A LISBOA SllllllA SAO MAP.TnfflO DE SDml ITIIOl.OS SALIENT """'ENCE ~ ABSENCE BONE 5, I H4K 111 HJll1

Il ES1llMADURA LISBOA SllllllA 5AO MAP.llNHO DESINTll THOl.OS ABSENCE """'ENCE ~.. IABSENCE INO. IO! 3. ll4K lii 111111 14 ESTllEMADt.MA USBOA SINTllA 5AO MAP.llNHO DE SINTll ItlULOS ABSENCE """'ENCE ,..,.ENCE IABSENCE INI>. 9) 114K lii 111111 IS USBOA SAO MAP.llNHO DE SINTll ,..,,...... ESTllMAllUaA """"" 1·~ IABSENCE >'JISENCE M>. I 2.• llOC 111 111111 .. ,...... ,. ""°"""'" IND. I 16 LISBOA ...... ,. :SAO MAP.TnfflO DE SINTll ABSENCE ~ ...... AJISENCE 3) 110C lii 111111

., LISBOA SINTllA SAO MAJ.TnfflO DE SINTll THOLOS ABSENCE ~E IABSENCE liii). llOC 111 111111 ~ .. ----·-· ~"" Il ESTllEMADUM USBOA SINTllA SAO MAJ.TnfflO DE SINTll THOLOS iABSENCE """ENCE ABSENCE IABSENCE M>. I, llOC 111 111111 ES1llMADlJlA LISBOA SllllllA SAO MAllTnfflO DE Sl>ITR THOLOS IABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCi ABSENCE INO. Il, 3,4 llOC lii 111111 "90 ESTllEMADURA LISBOA SINTllA SAO MAJ.TnfflO DE Sl>ITR THOLOS l\P>EHCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE lllO. I JJ llOC Ili 111111 91 ESTREMADURA USBOA SDmlA SAO MARTIHHO DE SDml ITffOLOS ,.....ENCE ABSEllCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. .. X 1100 lii 111111 92 ESnEMAOUR.A USBOA S!NTl\A SAO MAllTIHHO DE Sl>ITR jrHOLOS IABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. 1,1 1100 lii 111111 l'l\JMBER PROVINCE DISTIUCT COUl SHAPE LEl'ICT SHAPE POSITION SHAPE 'RR COD COD COD

91 EST1IEMADUllA LISBOA SOORA fSAO MARTINHO DE SllTJI. 11HOLOS "8SENCE iABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. 2J l~ ... 1111 111111 94 ES~ LISBOA SOORA fSAO MAJlTINHO DE SIKilt [THOLOS ABSENCE iABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ,, 1.• ,.. 1111 111111 fSAO MAllllHHO DE SIKilt [THOLOS ABSENCE. IND. 2, ,, ICX 1111 111111 =~ USBOA s OORA iABSEWCE ~" IABSENCE " , 96 ...... ,. s~·~ ~O MARTIHHO DE SIKilt flHoLOS IABSENCE. IAB>ENCE !AB>ENCE IABSENCE !NO. •; '·' IOC 1111 111111 ISAD M.U.TIHHO DE SIKilt 1111 111111 t7 .,.TIWMD\IRA USBOA SOORA ,...,...... ABSENCE ~ ,...... A8SENCE !NO. IS; ) J ,.. .,TltEMADUaA USBOA SlllnA I"""" DAS MACAS ABSENCE ,.....ENCE ,....ENCE ABSENCE 1, l ,< 100 lii 1111•• .. ·~ ~AL.CAU. t9 ,~. SlllnA P1tA1A DAS MACAS IHUIM> ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE l .< 1100 111 llllOSj USBOA ~· ~ '·' 100 ""'TltEMAllURA USIOA SR

101 'm• USBOA SllENCE """ENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 6,C 1.4 1100 liii llllOS 109 ESlliMADORA USBOA SIKiltA P1tA1A DAS MACAS THOLOS SALIEHT "'6>ENCE A&E!ICE ABSENCE CALCARE. : I ,~ l10I liii llllOS Sl)(TU FOl..HA DAS BAAAADAS !NO. I 110 ESTREMADUllA USBOA ART. CAVE ABSENCE ""SENCE IAB>EHCE MARBLE > '·~ 1100 1111 lii ESTREMADUllA USBOA Sl>tTM FOLHA DAS BAAAADAS IAJIT. CAVE ""u. ABSENCE ABSEPICE iABSEPICE MARBLE 17, 6.9. 1100 liii I

11l ESTUMADUllA USBOA LOORES ALTO DA TOUPEIRA DOt.MEN ~E ABSEPICE ABSEPICE iABSENCE ~- 20. 6,Z 1100 110 o 1U LISBOA TOAltES VEDllAS SEDA DAS Mt1TUAS [THOLOS ABSENCE ABSEPICE iABSENCE Il, 2~ l10I 11 1 ( ESnEMADmA ~· ~ ( 114 """"'"""'mA ISBOA TOMES VEDllAS SEDA DAS Ml1TELAS [THOLOS ~ ABSENCE ABSENCE iABSENCE ~ARE. 2 llOI 111 11S ISBOA roMES YEDaAS $EMA DAS Ml1TELAS [THOLOS iABSEHCE. ABSENCE A8SENCE iABSENCE CALCARE. I ) l10I 111 =·--~ • 110I e 116 =·- LISBOA lUIUIES YEDaAS $EMA DAS Ml1TELAS lln IABSEPICE ~ ABSENCE ~ ~ .. I. lii $ERM DAS Ml1IUAS ABSENCE ~AL.CAU. l. 1,1 llOI lii e 117 ~ LISBOA ·~~ f1HOLOS "8SElfCE. """""""" IABSl'HCI' lii ES11tEMADUllA LISBOA TOUES ~ ~ DAS MUTEl.AS f1HOLOS "8SENCE ABSEllCE ""SENCE "8SENCE ~ 12. )A 1100 lii ' lit ESTltEMADUltA USBOA TOIUIES VEDllAS SEllA DAS MUTEl.AS llHOLOS "8SENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ""SEPICE AL.CAU. 6 ) .I 1100 I li o 120 ESTREMADUM US90A TOIUIES VEDRAS SEDA DAS MUTEl.AS [THOL05 ""SENCE ABSENCE ABsa«:E ABSENCE <.AIACARE. 6, u 1100 111 o Ili ES1REMADUllA USBOA TORllES VEDRAS SEMA DAS MU1D.AS ITHOLOS ~Al.IEllT ABSENCE ABsa«:E ABSENCE IONE 6 l,l 1100 lii I

m ESTREMA!lllaA USIOA MRUDA DOS VlllHOS CABECO DA MRUDA TiiOLOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ~ 7 ) , 1100 110 I m ESnEMADmA ISBOA ARRUDA DOS VINllOS CABECO DA AltllUDA THOLOS ""SEPICE ABSENCE ABSENCE ""°EPICE CALCARE. I ),I 1100 110 ' m ESnEMADUllA LISIOA ARRUDA D0S VlllHOS CABECO DA ARRUDA THOLOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSEPICE CALCARE. I, ) llOI 110 '

-....) °'w '.J'\ NUMan PROVINC[ DISTIUCT COUNCIL SITE REST.PL.Act: 111'.AD llAIR_ llAIR_ FACI:. FACE. EVl:S. MATERIAL llEIGllT DIAME- DtST_ COlUO<.E IND. s. 2 1100 lii lllJll ~---·-- ·-- ...... Ili ...... o... \ID.A "8SENCE AB>UOU All&M,.è CALCAltE. 11 , 114)( 11 1 I lllll - IUSBOA I'"""'"' VEDltAS ~ ~" >.• ll2 ESnEMADUl\A ~IS80A ~""""" VEDltAS SERMDAVILA ~ ~" ~ ~ ABSEllCE ~ I. \IO! lii llllll ESTllM.'dlUl\A LISBOA TOIUlES VEOY.S SERMDAVILA DOLMEN ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE I HX lii llllll lll ~" ...... 2.• '" 114)( m ES1UMAl>VllA LISBOA TOIUlES VEDRAS SEUADA \ID.A ~ ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE AllSENCE CALCARE. I, lii lllllJ Il! ESTUMADURA LISBOA TOIUlES VEDRAS SEUADA \ID.A DOl.MEI< ABSENCE """ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 1, 2, 110! 111 lllllJ 1)6 ESDEMAl>llRA LISBOA TOIUlES VEDRAS SEUADA \ID.A DOLMEN lllD. ..,,.ENCE AllSENCE ABSEHCE CALCARE. ' 1100 111 lllJIJ tl1 USBOA TOUES VEDRAS SEMADAVILA SAUEKT ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSEllCE 80NE 0,1 1100 l ii lllJIJ ~·-- ~ VII.A Fl\ANCA DE XlllA CASAL DO PElfEOO ABSENCE n• - ISBOA ~ ABSENCE ABSEl«:E AllSEllCE CALCAU. ' 2.< 1100 lii • llt U>llVA IUlVEORAS COVA DA MOUJl.A ffAT. CAVE M>. ABSENCE ABSENCE l..ALUU<.O. e 1100 -.. - --- ~" ' • 1.. ESnstAJlURA ~ 11~VEDRAS COVA DA MOURA lfAT. CAVE Jtll). ~ ~ """"""" CALCAU. ' ' 1100 • 141 ~A I n.iou=. VEORAS ICQVA DA MOUllA NAT. CAVE Jtll), ~ ~ CALCAU. e 110! ~··~- IABSENCE ' ' • H2 ~ lm.IA !CASA DA MOUkA HAT CAVE IHI>. ABSENCE ABSOICE ABSENCE IND. ' 100! ""' • IO µDUA LEllUA K;ASADAMOIJU NAT CAVE "'"· ABSENCE """ENCE ABSENCE lllD. ' 1000 100! • 1<4 ESTllM.'dlUl\A LEllUA LEllUA CASA DA MOURA NAT CAVE DtD. ABSENCE ABSEl. ' ' 1000 • 147 µwA LEWA ICASADAMOUM NAT CAVI! IHU. ABSENCE ABSEllCE IABSENCE lllD. e e 1000 ....'°"' e µDUA """""' K;ASA DA MOUJl.A NAT CAVE ...... 1\BSENCE ...... ,,...." IABSENCE IND. e ' 100! I... e "'149 NAT. CAVE ABSEMCE ~ e IOIC 100 ~ ~OMBMIW. ~""~ ""'· llJISENCE CALCAU. ~ IOOSO ISO l"'Q· lllD. 111"1'. uu.VALllAL NATCAVE ...... ABSENCE ~ IA8SE. ABSENCE All5aiCE !ABSENCE IN!>. e 1111 110 e -.rr-- ESTREMADURA USBOA CASCAIS -ASCAIS NAT. CAVI! liii>. ABSENCE ~CE IABSENCE lii!), e IJCll 110 e ---m- ESTREMADUllA LISBOA CASCAIS CASCAI$ NAT. CAVI! IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE [ABSENCE IND. e 1100 110 e -m- ESTREMADUllA USBOA CASCAIS CASCAIS NAT CAVE IND. !ABSENCE AllSENCE !ABS!NCE lllD. e 1100 110 e ----m- ESnEMAllUllA LISBOA ~s CASCAIS NAT. CAVE IND. ABSEllCE ABSENCE IABSENCE INO. e llOI 110 o -BER PROVINCE DISTRICT COUNCIL SITE REST_PLACE HEAD HAIR_ HAIR_ FAn_ FACE_ EYES_ MATIRIAL HEICllT DIAMI& DIST_ CONC_ srtt: SllAPlt LKNGT SHAPlt l'O$ITION SHAPE TH COD COD COD

IS1 ESIUMADURA LIS80A CASCAIS ""°CAIS NAT.CAVE IND. AllSENCE ABSENCE AllSENCE !NO. e « 1100 11 0 o ISI ESTl\EMADURA USBOA ~CAIS '-""CAIS NAT.CAVE IND. AllSENCE AllSENCE !l'l'>EllCE !NO. ( 1100 110 o

IS9 µ580A ~ ~ HAT.CAVE !NO. AllSENCE ABSENCE DIO. e 1100 110 o ~·-·-v- ...... , -= ~ US80A -ASCAIS NAT.CAV!. ""'· IAllSEHCE ABSENCE ABSENCE DIO. e llOC Ile> o 161 ~nEMADURA µs&OA UU<.AIS ~ASCAIS HAT. CAVE ...... ~" AllSENCE ""~ IHD I l llOC lit o 162 ESlllMADUU US80A CASCAIS ""°CAIS HAT. CAVE ...... AllSENCE AllSENCE iABSENeE IND. I l llOC Ile> o 161 ESTUMADURA USIOA ""°"AIS P"CAIS HAT.CAVE IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE AllSEWCE !NO. l 1100 110 o

16' ESTI\EMAl)UJIA USBOA U\O<.AIS ~ HAT.CAVE IND. AllSENCE AllSEHCE !l'l'>ENCE !NO. ( 1100 110 o ~ LIS80A CA5CAIS CASCAIS HAT. CAVE IND. IABSENCE AllSENCE ABSEHCE !NO. e 1100 110 o ~ 1.IOIKJA ASCAlS ASCAIS HAT. CAVE """· IAJISENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IHD. l llOC 110 o -ASCAJS ( 161 •-•-v- µ580A ~ HAT. CAVE ..u . ~ ~ IABSENCE IND. llOC 110 e 16' ESlllMADUU µm<)A lUIUWo VEDltAS µuuvu

~ ~ LISBOA TOUES YElAAS <;AJ

171 ~·~UllA SETllBAL SESIMBRA LAPA DO BUGIO HAT. CAVE IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ~ e UOCI m o 112 31>1UllAL _....,RA LAPA DO 8UGIO HAT. CAVE IHD. ABSENCE ~ """"""t ~All. UDI Ili e l'I) ~AL ,,._..... µJ>ADOBUGIO NAT.CAVE SA1.EHT ~ ~ ~ 90llE I'°' Ili e

174 USBOA GRUTA DOS llflJGIDOS HAT. CAVE llolD. ABSf>ICE ~Al.CARE. llOCI 110 11010 AUHQUU ~ IABSENCE • ALENQUER AVEllNA DOSCADAFAIS NAT. CAV! llolD. ABllNCE m ESTUMADUllA USBOA iABSENCE iABSENCE ~· l llO'l 110 1101 05 176 ES11\EMADUllA LEllUA OBIDOS OUTEIRO DE$. MAMEDE HILL-FORT DIO. ABSEHCE ABSENCE AllSENCE CALCARE. ' 1000 100 101204 111 ESTREMADUllA l.EllUA OBIDOS OUTElllO DE S. MAMEDE HJU..FORT IND. ABSENCE AD>ENCE ABSliHCE CALCARE. I"°' 100 101204

171 ...... USllOA OEltAS LECW. HU-FORT llolD. AB>UiU ABSOICE ~"t: CALCAllE. I I llOll lii 111002 179 ,.. ISllQA ...,.,dA KlUAOllT ABSENCE I lito lii 111002 ~ ~" ...... ~ ,. ""'· llO ~IUIJAL PALMEl.A 11.0TUllA ...... oir.r ,...... NJ>Cl"\.C ABSENCE AllSENCE ~- I I l>UOJ no I CADAVAL P!V.OAHCA ABSENCE I).ID, I lii ~UllA ISIOA ~FORT ~·"" """ENCE ABSENCE ' llOCI 110 110405 112 ·- USBOA r;ADAVAL Plr.AGAHCA HJU..FORT DIO. AllSENCE ABSENCE IABSENC;E IND. I ' 1100 110 110405 IU ESlllMADURA USBOA CADAVAL PRAGAllCA ~FOllT IND. ABSENCE AllSENCE ABSEHCE !NO. I I 1100 llG 110405 114 ~TltEMAl>Ulr.A UMIUA ~ADAVAL Plr.AGA/ICA ~FOllT ''"" ABSENCE !l'l'>EllCE ABSENCE DIO. I e 1100 110 11040$ 115 ESnEMADURA LISBOA ~AVAL P!V.OAHCA HllJ,.FOll.T IHD. """"""E ABSENCE ABSENCt IHD. I ' 1100 11• 11..0l 116 ESlllMADURA USllOA iNJU'UUIA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO ~FOllT SALENT ...... ~SEllCE ABSENCE BOHE I I 1100 110 llOltl m ESTltEMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUIA VII.A HOV.. DE S. PEDllO ~FOllT ,.,.,__,, -"">ENCE ABSENCE ABSENC;E llONE 4.1 1. 1100 110 llO!Ot

IH ~UM US80A AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. l'EDRO IHILL-tVllT SALIENT ABSENCE AllSENCE ABSENCE BONI: I G,I 1100 11 0 llGJOI

O\ 'I V. O\ .....;i NUMKll PROVlllCE DIS'llUCT CO\JNCll. srn HST_PLAC! ltEAD RAlll_ RAUI_ FACr._ PACI._ zn:s_ MAttlllAL H!IGIIT DIAMr.. DIST_ CONC_ SlftO SRAPE LEJ'ICT SRAFE rosmoN SHAPE TH COD COD COD O\ In ESTilEMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VLA NOVA DE S. PWllO Hll.L-FOllT IND. ABSENC! AllSENCE ABSENC! IND. 7 u llOC 110: llOlCNI '190 ESTilEMADURA USIOA AZAMBUJA VILA NOVA DES. PmllO Hll.L-FOllT IND. ABSE!ICC ABSENCE AllSENCE [lii). '· 0,1 1100 110 llOlCNI 191 ESTUMIJ)URA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VILA NOVA DES. PEDkO Hll.L-FOllT !lii>. ABSENC! -"""ENCE AllSENCE IN!l. I 1100 110 llOlOI

1'2 ESTilEMADURA LISBOA !WWllUIA V1LA NOVA DES. PWllO Hll.L-FORT [lii). AllSENCE ""'°ENCE ABSENCE IND. I llOC 110 llOlCNI 191 E5TllEMADtlRA LISBOA ALAMDUJA VLA NOVA DE S. PEDllO Hll.L-FOllT IND. ABSDICE ABSENCE ""'°ENCE M>. e HOC 110 llOlGI

19' ESnEMADllltA USBOA ~UJA VLA NOVA DE S. PEDll.O lfLL-FOllT IND. ~ IABSENCE A8SENCE INll. e llOC 110 lltlOa 19S ES1"1lEMAIXlaA IUSBOA iwueuJA VLA NOVA DE S. PEDll.0 HJLL.FOllT IND. AllOENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE INll. e l lOC lit llOlOI

196 ,...... ,,. AZAMIUJA IV1!.A NOVA DE$. PEDll.O 1111.L-EOllT ...... ""'°ENCE AllSOtCE ABSENCE IND. e llOC 110 llOJCMI 197 E$TllEMADUllA LISBOA AZAMllWA VILA NOVA DE S. PEDll.O fllL1..FOllT IABSENCE ABSENCE ABSDICE IND. e llOC nn 110111 19' ESnEMADUkA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VILA NOVA DE S. l'EDllO lllI.1.-FORT ""'"- ABSENCE AllSENCE AllSENCE IND. I llOC 110 110l41C I" ESnw.tADURA USBOA ,uAMBUJA VILA NOVA DU. PWllO Hll.L-FORT IND. ABSENCE AJISENCE ABSENCE IND. e llOC 11 0 llOlOI 200 ESTREMADURA USIOA AZAMBUJA VILA NOVA DES. PEDRO Hll.L-FORT IND. AllSENCE AllSENCE ABSENCE IND. e llOC 11 0 llOJOI ~ ESTREMADURA LISBOA l\U\Ml>UJA V1LA NOVA DE S. PmllO Hll.L-FOllT IND. !ABSENCE ABSENCE !ABSENCE IND. e llOC 11 0 llOlOI 202 ES1"1lEMAIXlaA USBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PmllO Hll.L-FOltT IND. ABSENCE ""'°ENCE ,...,,ENçE IND. e llOC 110 llOlOI

20) Ll>llVA ,..,.,...,JA VL\ NOVADES. PmllO 1111.L-FORT IND. ABSENCE ~~ M>. llOC 110 llO)OI r-··--- ·~~ IABSENCE e ?04 LISBOA AZAMIUIA VL\ NOVA DE S. PEDllO ~T IND. IABSENCE IABSENCE ~ M>. e llCC 110 llOlOI

20S LISllOA AZAMIUJA VLA NOVA DE S. PEDllO HJLL.FOllT ~u. ABSENCE ABSENCE ,...,.,,.._. N>. I 11111 110 lltlOa l06 ESTllEMADUU LISBOA AZAMIUIA VLA NOVA DE S. PEDllO HJLL.FOllT .. u . ASSOia ASSENCE AllSENCE N>. I I llOC 110 lltlOa 207 E$TllEMADUllA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO l!ILJ...FOl.T IND. AllSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. I I llOC 110 11 0)01 2ot ESTREMAI>URA LISBOA AZAMBUIA VII.A NOVA DE S. PmllO l!ILJ...FORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. I e 1100 110 110301 209 ESTlt.EMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUIA VII.A llOV A DE S. PEDRO l!ILJ...FOll.T IND. """'ENCE ABSENCE AllSENCE IND. I e 1100 110 110)01 210 E$TllEMADUllA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO Hll.L-FORT IND. ABOENCE ABSENCE AJISENCE !lii>. I e 1100 110 110301 211 ESTilEMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO 1111.L-FORT ...u . ,...,,..,..... ABSENCE ABSENCE !lii>. I e llCC 110 110301 l ll ESnEMADUll.A LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDll.O fllL1..FORT ""'· ASSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE !lii>. ' e llCC 110 110301 m ESl1lEMADUBA LISBOA AZAMBUJA IV1!.A NOVA DE$. PEDRO t111.vFOkT ""'· IABSENCE ABSENCE ABSEllCE INll. ' e llCC 110 lltJOI 214 ESTllEMADUllA USBOA AZAMBUJA IV1!.A NOVA DE S. PEDll.O HIU.-FC>aT ""'· IABSENCE ABSDfCE AllSENC1' IND. ' llOC 110 llOlOI 215 ESTltEMADUllA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE $. PEDRO ...... ,.FOllT AllSENCE ABSENCE IND. llOll 110 llOJOI ""'· ~· ' 216 ESTREMADURA USBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO Hll.L-FOl.T !lii>. AllSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' 1100 110 llOlOI 21 7 ESTREMAl>UllA USBOA ,..,...... UJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO Hn.LofORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE AllSEllCE IND. ' 1100 110 ll030I 211 ESTREMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO tm.\..FORT 1111>. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' 1100 110 110)01 219 ESTREMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA V1LA NOVA DE S. PWRO Hn.LoFOl.T JND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE !lii>. I 1100 110: 110)01 220 ESTilEMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE$. PmRO IHJU,.FOl.T IND. ABSENCE AllSENCE ABSENCE !lii>. ' 1100 110 11 0)01 NUMBER PROVINCE DISTillCT COUNCIL SITE 1n:sr_PLACE HEAD llAlR_ llAIR_ FACE_ TACE_ EVES_ MATERlAL HElCHT DlAMt: OIST_ CONC_ SITE- SHAPE LENCT SHAPE POSmON SHAPE TER COD COD COD 221 UTREMADURA LISB. """ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE lllD. ' e llOC 110 llOlOI m [ESTll.EMADl.lltA ISBOA AZANIUJA Vll..ANOVADES.l'BlllO ~FORT Dli>. All.>E>ICE ABSENCE """"-""t. lllD. ' I lllll lii llOlOI m ESTll.EMADl.lltA ISBOA l\UUOWUJA Vll..A NOVA DE S. l'BlllO ~T l>ID...... ENCE ABSENCE ABSEHCE lllD. I ' 1100 110 llOlOI ---m- ESTREMADUM USBOA /WU'WUJA vn..A ltOVA DE S. PEDAO 1!11.L-FORT lllD. ~e ABSENCE """"1«.t. lllD. ' ' 1100 110 llOJN :m USBQA AZANIUJA Vll..AtlOVADES.~ l!ILL-FORT 1111), A8SENCE ABSENCE ""'""""" lllD. ' ' 111111 110 110:111 226 ESTREMADUM USBOA ~JA IVD.A llOVA DE S. PEDAO HJU...FORT 1111). i'JISENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE 00). I """ 110 11030I m AZAMBUJA Vll..A NOVA DE S. PEDRO KIIJ.,.FORT IHD. ABSENCE AJ»ENCE "1!SENCE lllD. ' ' llOOl 110 11030I 221 1.15BOA""""" ,..,.....UJA r.'lLAllOVADES.PEDRO KIIJ.,.FORT lllD. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSDICE lllD. llOOl 110 110308 229 ESTREMAlllJRA LISBOA AZAMBUJA r.'lLA NOVA DE S. l'all(O KIIJ.,.fORT 1111), ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE lllD. ' ' llOI 110 110)~ 210 IC>'"""""'IJllA LISBOA AZAMBUJA r.'11.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO KILL-FORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE lllD. ' llOI 110 110101 211 ESnEMADllRA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO ~fOl\T IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' I 1100 110 110101 m ESTREMAlllJRA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VD.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO 1111.J..fORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' e 1100 110 110101 m ESTREMAlllJRA LISBOA .uAMBUJA V1LA NOVA DE S. PEDRO 1111.J..FORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE lllD. ' I llOC 110 110301 D4 EST1lEMADURA LISBOA AZAMBUJA VD.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO KILL-FORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' ' 111111 110 11030& '---m- ESTREMADURA LISBOA AZAMllUJA VD.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO KILL-FORT IND. ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ' ' 1100 110 llOJOI ~ ESTREMADURA LISBOA SINTRA OLEl.AS ~FORT 1111). .USENCE ,..,..."CE ,....ENCE CALCAll. ' ' 00 111 o --m- ESTREMADllRA LISBOA TOl\RES VEDRAS ZAMBUJAL ~FORT IHD. ""°""CE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCAll. ' ' 111 ( ---m- ESTREMADllRA LISBOA TOUES VEDRAS BARRO THOLOS ll"'>ENCE DOUllLE CU OBLIQUE POINT CALCAll. 10, '""IOI lii ( ~ ~lllMADllRA LISBOA TOUES VEDRAS BAM.0 THOLOS ~ENCE DOUBLECU HORIZ()l(T POINT ALCARE. 1,1 IOI lii ( ~ [ESnEMADURA ISBOA TOIUtll VEllRAS SERRA DAS MllTELAS THOLOS ""SENCE DOUBLECU VERTICAL POINT CALCARE. 1 ' '"" lii O! 241 ISBOA TORRE$ VEDAAS """"" DAS MllTELAS iJHOl.OS IAJISENCE DOUllLECU """"""''' ABSENCE ALCAllE. s. l• lii ( 242 LISBOA SltlTRA S.MARTIMHODE~ TIIOl05 IABSENCE DOUBLECU VERTICAL IABSENCE CALCARE. I !OC'"" lii 111111 ~·-----· 20 l.lOOVA ~INTRA S. ~lD'lllO DE SIHTRA ;tHOUlS IABSENCE DOUBLECU UBL.IQUE ...... CALCARE. 2, llOC lii 111111 2.. i--·---··-- U>OVA ~INTRA ,..,..,.OASMACAS iOIOLOS IABSENCE uvuGLECU OBUQUE ABSENCE CALCIJ. iABSENCE uuu•LECU VERTICAL ,.,...,,..,e CALCARE. llOI lii r--··--... ~- """""""' '·' ' EST'REMAOORA ISBOA SINTRA AOOALVA THOLOS uuuuLECU llOIUZOHI'. POINT -.m. 111111 lii 111101 ~ ~· ~ ESTREMADURA USBOA SINTRA ESTRIA llOl.MEN ABSENCE DOUBLECU ~RIZONT ABSENCE MARllU I • llOI lii e 241 ESnEMADUllA LISBOA CASCAIS ...... AJS NAT.CAVE ABSENCE DOUBLECU e··- •• __SENCE INO. ' 1100 110 e 2~ ESTREMADUllA LISBOA ASCAIS ASCAJS llAT.CAVE ABSENCE DOUllLECIJ ABSENCE INO. ( 1100 110 e ~·· 210 ES1llMADllllA LEJJUA LEJJUA ~ASA DA MOURA llAT.CAVE AllSENCE OOUBU:CU HOIUZONT ABSENCE MAJUILE 100< 100 o 251 ESTREMADIJllA LISBOA ASCAIS Al.Al'MIA ART.CAVE A8SENCE OOUBLECU HOIUZONTi ABSENCE lllD. llCK 110 110504

m ~ ~ISBOA CASCA.IS Al.Al'RAIA ART.CAVE "1!SENCE OOUBLECU !OBLIQUE ABSENCE lllD. 9, i. 1100 110 110504 8 .....O\ ..... O\ NUMUJt PROVINCE DISTltlCT COUNCIL SITE JtEST_PLACE HEAD HAllt_ HAllt_ PACE_ FACE_ EVt:S_ MATltRIAL HEIGllT DIAMt- DIST_ COllC_ srn:: ...... SHAPE L~ SHAPE l'OSITlON SHAPE TElt C00 COD COD 00 2Sl ~nEMAIMtA SET\JllAL PALMEU ASAL DO PAltDO ~T. CAVE iABsaicE AllSDICE ABSDICE IABSEllCE Dli>. .. 2, ,,.. ISO o 254 ~ l..EJIUA OBllXlS SAO MAMEl>E DE OlllllOS fflLL-FOU iABSENCE DOUBLECU ~LIQUE :rvs-<1 Dli>. I lwu 101 o, 2SS ESnEMAIMtA l..EJIUA OBIDOS SAO MAME1>E DE OlllllOS HILL-FOR.T iABSENCE DOUBLECU ~UQUE """'' Dli>. e IOIJO 101 °' 2$6 SETUBAL SAO LouaEfCO JtOTUv. HILL-FOR.T IABSENCE """""'"'cu '""""'OlmUJA VII.A NOVA llE S. PEDRO HILL-FOllT "8SENCE DOUBLECU OBLIQUE !ABSENCE OOl. l , llCMI 110 llOJOl ---m- ~TJtEMADUJtA USBOA AZANIUJA VLA NOVA llE $.PEDRO Hll.L-FOR.T iABSENCE DOUBLECU OBIJQllE IABSENCE IND. 11". llOG 110 llOlOI ~ ~nEMAl>UllA LIOllOA AZAMllWA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO HllJ,.FOl,T IABSDICE DOUBLECU OBLIQUE ~ENCE IND. llOG 110 llOlOI

~ ~'IUMADUllA ISBOA AZAMllUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO HILL-FOl.T ABSDICE VVUBLECU OBLIQUE POINT CLAY 6, '" llOG 110 llOlOI ~ ESTREMADUllA LISBOA AZAMllUJA VII.A NOVA DE S. PEDRO HJU...FOl.T ABSENCE DOUBLECU OBLIQUE ABSENCE OOl. 19 llOG no 110)(14 262 ESTilEMADUllA LISBOA AZAMllUJA VII.A HOV A DE S. PEDRO l!ILL-FOl\T ABSENCE DOUBLECU OBLIQUE ABSENCE IND. 1100 110 llOJOI 263 ES'IUWJ)URA LISBOA CASCA.IS S. PEDRO DO ESTORII. CAVE IABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE AllSENCE Il/Il, O, 100 1\0 llOSOC

26" ESTREMADURA LISBOA CASCA.IS S. PEDRO DO ESTOlllL ~VE iABSENCE AllSENCE AllSEHCE ABSENCE IND. l, 0,1 IOG 1\0 llOSOC 26S ESTl\EMADURA LISBOA CASCAI$ S. PEDR.0 00 ESTOIUL AVE IJISENCE ABSEHCE AllSEHCE AllSENCE IND. .. 0,1 IOG no: llOSOC 266 ESTJIEMADllaA LISBOA CASCAI$ S. PE!llt.O 00 ESTOlllL ~AVE ~ALlEKT ABSEHCE ABSENCE ABSEHCE BONE s. I IOG no: llOSOC 261 ESTIIEMADIJRA LISBOA ~ASCAIS S. PE!llt.O 00 ESTORII. P,VE ISAL1EKT ABSENCE IABSDICE ABSENCE BONE '· OJ 100 110 110!04 m ~ LISBOA SlllTJtA SAMAllllA ""'· iAB>EllCE ABSENCE iABSDCCE ABSENCE IND. '· ... 100 lii o 269 LISBOA SIHRA SAMAllllA IJ'V, ISAL1EKT IJISENCE ABSDICE IJISENCE BOHE s. '· 100 lii I 2'10 ES~ USBOA SAMAllllA ...... ISALEltl' ABSENCE IABSDICE ABSENCE BONE O.I IOG lii e ,....,.....,. m ESTJtEMAOOllA LISBOA -SIHRA '1"'· 1$ALEltT AllSDICE IABSDICE IABSENCE BONE 6, 100 lii I 272 ~ LISBOA SIHRA SAMAllllA "'1'· !SALE>'• ABSDICE IABS€WCE >'JISDICE 80NE I.I IOG lii ' 21) LISBOA SlllTJtA PJtAJADASMACAS 11HOLOS ~ALIEHT ~ IABSEHCE >'JISENCE BONE • 1.. 100 lii llllOS 27• ESlJtEMADllRA USBOA SIHRA PRAIA DAS MACAS illlOLOS ISALEIT IJISOICE IABSDICE IABSENCE BONE 1,. IOC lii llllOJ

275 LISBOA SlllTRA r1UW\ OAS MACAS rHOLOS ~ALEIT iABSENCE IABSDICE ~E Botll 1,. IOC lii 111 IOl 276 LISllOA SIHTaA OUUV\ DAS MUTELAS lllOLOS ISALENr IA"X"'-" IABSDICE ABSENCE BONE 6 I, IOC lii I 277 ESlllEMAD\lllA LISBOA TOQIS VEDMS AllECO DA AMUDA TllOl.OS ISALIDIT IABSEHCE IABSDK:E AllSENCE BONE • I.I IOC lii Q 271 ESTllEMADIJRA LISBO.A TOIULOS SALIENT ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE llOHE '· I, 1100 lii I lit ALGARVE FARO OUIAO MOHCARAPACHO IND. ABSENCE DOU9UCU OBLIQUE SUll K:Ai.CARE. I s~ IOO SI SI002

ltl ES1l\EMADUllA ISllOA lORJ\ES VEDRAS !ZAMBWAL llD.LfOR.T ~CE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. I e 1100 111 o 213 ALGAJtVE FAAO OUIAO MONCARAPACHO IND. AllSENCE ZIOZAO l/l OOUBUCU HORIZONT SUN !CALCARE. Il, l, IOC Il 11002 2.. 1\1.GARVE FARO OUIA.O MONCARAPACHO IND. ABSENCE ZIO ZAG l/l OOUBUCU HORIZONT STAR !CALCARE. l.l IOC Il 11002 - "1 NUMBElt PROVINCE DISTIUCT COUNCIL SITE REST_Pl.ACE HE.. D IL\IR_ KAIR_ F.. CE_ F.. CE_ EVES_ MATERIAL HEIGHT DIAME- DIST_ CONC_ SITE- SHA.PE LENGT SHA.PE POSITION SKAPE TER COD COD COD

ru ESTI\EMADURA SETUBAL SAHTIAGO 00 CACEM SAO FllANCISCO D.. SEUI; IND. ABSENCE ZIGZAG 1/2 OOUBLECU VERTICAL ~NC.ClltC MARBLE 16. ~ ISOO IS~ 150910' 216 BldXO ALENTEJO BEIA AUUSTIW. HERDADE DA CAAIOLA IND. ABSENCE ZIGZAG J/4 OOUBLECU HORIZONTJ $UN MARBLE 16, 4, 2000 20 20101

211 ESTREMADURA LISBO.. OEIUS LECEIA HILL-FORT ABSENCE ~~ ABSENCE ABSENCE IND. ( llOO lii a 211 ESTI\EMADURA LISBO.. AZAMBU1A VII.A NOVA DE SAO PEDI\ HJU..FORT ABSENCE DOUBLECU OBLIQUE NISENCE IND. '· 2,• 1100 llO IL OJOI 289 ESTREMADUl\A LISBOA AZAMBU1A VII.A NOVA DE SAO PEDR HJU..FORT ,...,..~CE ANGULAA HORIZONT1 POINT IND. 4, 5) 1100 llO llOJOS 210 ESTI\EMADURA LISBOA SINTRA SAMAlUlA IND. SALIENT ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE 80NE 0,1 1100 lii a

290 ESTREMADUl\A LISBOA ITORRES VEDRAS PAJMOGO THOLOS ABSENCE ,..,,ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 9, o.~ 1100 lii a 291 ESTREMADURA LISBOA fTORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO mvLOS ABSENCE ,..,,ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. Il 2.1 ILOI lii a

292 ESTREMADUl\A USBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO 111vLOS ABSENCE ~ENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 9, 2) ILOI lii o 291 ESTREMADURA USBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAJMOGO THOLOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 2. 1100 l ii o 294 ESTREMADUllA USBOA TORRES VEDllAS PAIMOGO THOLOS ABSENce ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. '· 2.1 I l OI 111 o 295 ESTI\EMADURA US80A TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO THOLOS ABSENce ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 6. 2, 110I 111 o I 296 ESTREMADURA USBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO ll!OLOS ABSENce ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. I lOI 111 o 297 ESTREMADURA LISBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO ll!OLOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENa; ABSENCE CALCARE. s, I,• I IOI lii o 291 ESTREMADURA LISBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO THOLOS ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENce CALCARE. 5; l. 1100 111 o 299 ESTREMADURA LISBOA TORRES VEDRAS PAIMOGO THOLOS ABSEHCE ABSENce AllSENCE ABSENCE QUARTZIT 6, l. llOO I li a lOO ESTREMADURA LISBOA LOURES CASAINHOS DOLMEN ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. l 5, llOO 110 o 501 ESTREMADURA USBOA SINTRA CONClllJ)AS DOLMEN ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. I l, 1100 111 o 502 ESTREMADU!Vo LISBOA SllmtA CONCHADAS DOLMEN ABSEHCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. 2, llOO 111 • 503 ESTREMADURA LISBOA SllmtA FOLHA DAS 80RRACHAS ART. CAVE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE ABSENCE CALCARE. l 4, 1100 lii i o

Cl\ '-I '° M. da C. Monteiro Rodrigues

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is to show a Data Base when we have a great number of archaeological objecrs. The example is made with 303 figures from Portugal which rhe archaeologisrs name "cylindrical idols". In che first piace, it is necessary ro choose che vocabulary and organize it in a hierarchical form. Our tree form has three chapters, some sections and subsections thar form the base of che system; in the second piace I adopred the Access programme to describe the cylinders. When the recording was finished, I asked che following lise of questions: a) What is the provenance of the Portuguese cylinders? b) What is che main raw materiai? e) What is their typology? d) What is che geographical distribuicion? The answers were reproduced with a graphical picture where we can see the results. These results are confronred wich M. Gimburas' inrerprecarion abour rhese cylinders over Western Europe. Our conclusion does not agree wirh her because in Porrugal che figures appear in Copper Age conrexts and M. Gimbutas says rhar che cylinders were used during the Neolithic. This thesis was linked to che concept of che "Eye Goddess", bur che Kurgans thar seem ro have introduced the metal in Portugal held the sun as a principal religious symbol.

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