DOCSLIB.ORG

Systematics and Species Delimitation in Pestalotia and Pestalotiopsis S.L

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Systematics and Species Delimitation in Pestalotia and Pestalotiopsis S.L SYSTEMATICS AND SPECIES DELIMITATION IN PESTALOTIA AND PESTALOTIOPSIS S.L. (AMPHISPHAERIALES, ASCOMYCOTA) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften vorgelegt beim Fachbereich 15 Biowissenschaften der Goethe -Universität in Frankfurt am Main von Caroline Judith-Hertz aus Darmstadt Frankfurt am Main, Oktober 2016 (D30) vom Fachbereich Biowissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität als Dissertation angenommen. Dekanin: Prof. Dr. Meike Piepenbring Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Meike Piepenbring Prof. Dr. Imke Schmitt Datum der Disputation: Contents 1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 1 2 Zusammenfassung ....................................................................................................... 3 3 List of abbreviations and symbols ............................................................................... 8 3.1 Abbreviations of herbaria and institutions ........................................................... 8 3.2 General abbreviations ........................................................................................... 8 3.3 Symbols .............................................................................................................. 10 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 11 4.1 Preface ................................................................................................................ 11 4.2 History of Pestalotia, Pestalotiopsis, and closely related genera ....................... 12 4.3 Pestalotiopsis s.l. ................................................................................................ 14 4.3.1 Systematic position ...................................................................................... 15 4.3.2 Morphology ................................................................................................. 16 4.3.3 The sexual morph ......................................................................................... 20 4.3.4 Ecology ........................................................................................................ 20 4.4 Morphological characters for species recognition of Pestalotiopsis s.l. ............ 21 4.5 Molecular phylogenetic studies of Pestalotiopsis s.l. ........................................ 23 4.6 Generic concepts in this study ............................................................................ 24 4.7 Aims of the study ................................................................................................ 25 5 Material and Methods ............................................................................................... 26 5.1 Specimen collection ............................................................................................ 26 5.2 Selection of herbarium material ......................................................................... 26 5.3 Identification of host plants ................................................................................ 27 5.4 Morphological methods ...................................................................................... 27 5.4.1 Light microscopy and morphometrics ......................................................... 27 5.4.2 Microscopic drawings and image capture .................................................... 28 5.4.3 Statistical analysis of morphological data .................................................... 28 I 5.5 Isolation and cultivation ..................................................................................... 29 5.5.1 Moist incubation chambers .......................................................................... 30 5.5.2 Induce sporulation ........................................................................................ 30 5.5.3 Culture media ............................................................................................... 30 5.6 Molecular methods ............................................................................................. 31 5.6.1 Marker selection .......................................................................................... 31 5.6.2 DNA Extraction, Amplification and Sequencing ........................................ 32 5.6.3 Phylogenetic analyses of Pestalotiopsis ...................................................... 36 5.6.4 Species delimitation in Pestalotiopsis ......................................................... 37 5.6.5 Phylogenetic analyses of Neopestalotiopsis ................................................ 37 5.6.6 Clade naming ............................................................................................... 38 5.6.7 Phylogenetic analyses of the proposed epitype of Pestalotia pezizoides .... 40 6 Results ....................................................................................................................... 43 6.1 Taxonomic results .............................................................................................. 43 6.1.1 Taxonomic results in the genus Neopestalotiopsis ...................................... 43 6.1.2 Taxonomic results in the genus Pestalotia .................................................. 45 6.1.3 Taxonomic results in the genus Pestalotiopsis ............................................ 53 6.1.4 Taxonomic results in the genus Pseudopestalotiopsis ................................. 68 6.1.5 Taxonomic results in the genus Truncatella ................................................ 69 6.2 Further species accounts from examined herbarium material ............................ 69 6.3 Phylogenetic analyses ......................................................................................... 78 6.3.1 DNA sequences ............................................................................................ 78 6.3.2 Model test and alignment properties ............................................................ 78 6.3.3 Phylogenetic analyses of Pestalotiopsis ...................................................... 78 6.3.4 Species delimitation analysis of Pestalotiopsis ........................................... 85 6.3.5 Clade naming ............................................................................................... 85 6.3.6 Pestalotiopsis spp. host association ............................................................. 87 6.3.7 Morphological species discrimination ......................................................... 87 II 6.3.8 Phylogenetic analyses of Neopestalotiopsis ................................................ 96 7 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 99 7.1 The importance of systematics ........................................................................... 99 7.2 Species concepts and delimitation in fungi ...................................................... 100 7.3 Species delimitation in Pestalotiopsis s.l. ........................................................ 102 7.4 Phylogenetic marker performance .................................................................... 106 7.5 Taxonomic species relationship within the Pestalotia-Pestalotiopsis complex 109 7.6 Naming species in Pestalotiopsis s.l. ............................................................... 110 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... 112 References ..................................................................................................................... 115 8 Appendices .............................................................................................................. 132 8.1 Eidesstattliche Versicherung ............................................................................ 150 8.2 Curriculum Vitae .............................................................................................. 151 8.3 Supplementary files on CD-ROM .................................................................... 155 List of Figures Figure 1: Morphological characters of Pestalotiopsis s.l. species .................................. 19 Figure 2: Map showing origin of samples used in this study. ......................................... 26 Figure 3: ML phylogenetic trees of members of Pestalotiopsidaceae showing the placements of Pestalotiopsis simitheae and P. coffeae-arabicae within the Pseudopestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis clades, respectively ........................... 44 Figure 4: ML TEF1 single locus phylogenetic tree of members of Pestalotiopsidaceae showing the placements of Pestalotiopsis simitheae and P. coffeae-arabicae within the Pseudopestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis clades, respectively ......... 45 Figure 5: Morphology of Pestalotia pezizoides (epitype) transferred to Seiridium ........ 47 Figure 6: ML phylogenetic tree for members of the Amphisphaeriales of a concatenated dataset of ITS and LSU sequences. ......................................................................... 52 III Figure 7: Morphology of Pestalotiopsis adusta (BPI 910046) ....................................... 57 Figure 8: Morphology of the lectotype of Pestalotiopsis guepinii (BPI 405955). .......... 65 Figure 9: Morphology of the proposed epitype of Pestalotiopsis maculans .................. 66 Figure 10: Morphology of Pestalotiopsis neglecta (isotype, BPI 406415) ...................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Seiridium Cardinale on Juniperus Species in Greece
    For. Path. 37 (2007) 338–347 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2007.00510.x Ó 2007 The Authors Journal compilation Ó 2007 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin Seiridium cardinale on Juniperus species in Greece By P. Tsopelas1, I. Barnes2, M. J. Wingfield2 and S. Xenopoulos1 1NAGREF-Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 115 28 Athens, Greece. E-mail: [email protected]; 2Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Summary Seiridium cardinale, the cause of cypress canker disease, was found on Juniperus foetidissima, J. excelsa, J. oxycedrus and J. phoenicea, in a number of natural juniper woodlands in Greece. The presence of infections was sporadic in most cases, with a limited number of plants affected by the pathogen. At one locality in the Prespes Lakes region of northern Greece, however, the incidence of infection was very high, especially on J. foetidissima and J. excelsa. The identity of S. cardinale was confirmed using morphological characters and comparisons of DNA sequences for the b-tubulin gene region. The pathogenicity of S. cardinale isolates from Juniperus and Cupressus was verified in cross-inoculation trials on both potted and field grown plants. 1 Introduction The fungus Seiridium cardinale (Wag.) Sutton & Gibson causes a serious canker disease on cypress trees and other members of the Cupressaceae. It was originally reported in California on Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa Hartweg.; Wagener 1928) and it is believed that the disease was spread from North America to many other areas of the world. The fungus has been found in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia and New Zealand (Grasso and Ponchet 1979; Graniti 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • Novosti Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii 53(2): 315–332
    Новости систематики низших растений — Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii 53(2): 315–332. 2019 Checklist of ascomycetous microfungi of the Nuratau Nature Reserve (Uzbekistan) I. M. Mustafaev, N. Yu. Beshko, M. M. Iminova Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Corresponding author: I. M. Mustafaev, [email protected] Abstract. A checklist of ascomycetous microfungi of the Nuratau Nature Reserve (Nuratau Mountains, Uzbekistan) was compiled for the first time as a result of field research conducted in 2009–2017. In total, 197 species, 3 varieties and 51 forms of micromycetes belonging to 66 genera and 30 families have been identified. Among them 19 species (Asteromella tanaceti, Camarospori- um achilleae, Diplocarpon alpestre, Diplodia celtidis, Hendersonia ephedrae, Mycosphaerella artemi- siae, Neopseudocercosporella capsellae, Phoma hedysari, P. mororum, Phyllosticta prostrata, P. silenes, P. trifolii, Ramularia trifolii, Rhabdospora eremuri, Selenophoma nebulosa, Septoria cyperi, S. dauci, S. ranunculacearum, S. trifolii) and one form (Erysiphe cichoracearum f. tanaceti) were found for the first time for the mycobiota of Uzbekistan. 30 species of microfungi were recorded on 31 new host plants. The most abundant species are representatives of the cosmopolitan genera Ramularia, Sep- toria, Erysiphe, Leveillula, Mycosphaerella, Phoma, Cytospora, Sphaerotheca, Phyllosticta and Mars- sonina. The annotated checklist includes data on host plant, location, date and collection number of every species. Keywords: Ascomycetes, biodiversity, host plants, mycobiota, micromycetes, new records, Nuratau Mountains. чек-лист сумчатых микромицетов нуратинского природного заповедника (узбекистан) и. м. мустафаев, н. Ю. Бешко, м. м. иминова институт ботаники академии наук республики узбекистан, ташкент, узбекистан Автор для переписки: и. м. мустафаев, [email protected] Резюме.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genera Excluded from the Amphisphaeriaceae, Cainiaceae and Clypeosphaeriaceae
    Fungal Diversity 2 (March 1999) Studies on Amphisphaeriales: The genera excluded from the Amphisphaeriaceae, Cainiaceae and Clypeosphaeriaceae Ji-Chuan Kangl, Kevin D. Hydel• and Richard Y.c. Kontf I Fungal Diversity Research Project, Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; * email: [email protected] 2 Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee A venue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Kang, J.C., Hyde, K.D. and Kong, R.Y.C. (1999). Studies on Amphisphaeriales: The genera excluded from the Amphisphaeriaceae, Cainiaceae and Clypeosphaeriaceae. Fungal Diversity 2: 135-151. The Amphisphaeriaceae and the Cainiaceae have been narrowly defined, while the Clypeosphaeriaceae was broadly defined and considered a relatively large assemblage of ascomycetes whose affinities are uncertain. In this paper, the remaining genera previously included in the Amphisphaeriaceae (sensu lato) are dealt with. Fasciatispora having unicellular brown ascospores, and Seynesia and Collodiscula having brown ascospores and an Acanthodochium anamorph are similar to xylariaceous taxa and therefore considered best placed in the Xylariaceae. Muelleromyces has a parasitic habit on leaves, clypeate ascomata and asci with a J- apical ring and resembles Phyllachora, and is placed in the Phyllachoraceae. Melomastia is redescribed and illustrated and placed in the Pleurotremataceae. Chitonospora, Dyrithium and lodosphaeria are redescribed and illustrated, while Amphisphaerella, Ascotaiwania, Flagellosphaeria, Lindquistomyces, Manokwaria, Mukhakesa, Neohypodiscus, Urosporellopsis and Xylochora are discussed. These genera are placed in Ascomycetes incertae sedis as the available morphological data are inadequate to confidently conclude their taxonomic positions. Key words: Ascomycetes incertae sedis, Phyllachoraceae, Pleurotremataceae, taxonomy, Xylariaceae. Introduction The broadly defined Amphisphaeriaceae G.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic and Pathogenic Differences Between Microdochium Nivale and Microdochium Majus
    Genetic and Pathogenic Differences Between Microdochium nivale and Microdochium majus by Linda Elizabeth Jewell A Thesis Presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Linda Elizabeth Jewell, December, 2013 ABSTRACT GENETIC AND PATHOGENIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MICRODOCHIUM NIVALE AND MICRODOCHIUM MAJUS Linda Elizabeth Jewell Advisor: University of Guelph, 2013 Professor Tom Hsiang Microdochium nivale and M. majus are fungal plant pathogens that cause cool-temperature diseases on grasses and cereals. Nucleotide sequences of four genetic regions were compared between isolates of M. nivale and M. majus from Triticum aestivum (wheat) collected in North America and Europe and for isolates of M. nivale from turfgrasses from both continents. Draft genome sequences were assembled for two isolates of M. majus and two of M. nivale from wheat and one from turfgrass. Dendograms constructed from these data resolved isolates of M. majus into separate clades by geographic origin. Among M. nivale, isolates were instead resolved by host plant species. Amplification of repetitive regions of DNA from M. nivale isolates collected from two proximate locations across three years grouped isolates by year, rather than by location. The mating-type (MAT1) and associated flanking genes of Microdochium were identified using the genome sequencing data to investigate the potential for these pathogens to produce ascospores. In all of the Microdochium genomes, and in all isolates assessed by PCR, only the MAT1-2-1 gene was identified. However, unpaired, single-conidium-derived colonies of M. majus produced fertile perithecia in the lab.
    [Show full text]
  • Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains
    United States Department of Agriculture Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains Forest Rocky Mountain General Technical Service Research Station Report RMRS-GTR-335 November 2016 Bergdahl, Aaron D.; Hill, Alison, tech. coords. 2016. Diseases of trees in the Great Plains. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-335. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 229 p. Abstract Hosts, distribution, symptoms and signs, disease cycle, and management strategies are described for 84 hardwood and 32 conifer diseases in 56 chapters. Color illustrations are provided to aid in accurate diagnosis. A glossary of technical terms and indexes to hosts and pathogens also are included. Keywords: Tree diseases, forest pathology, Great Plains, forest and tree health, windbreaks. Cover photos by: James A. Walla (top left), Laurie J. Stepanek (top right), David Leatherman (middle left), Aaron D. Bergdahl (middle right), James T. Blodgett (bottom left) and Laurie J. Stepanek (bottom right). To learn more about RMRS publications or search our online titles: www.fs.fed.us/rm/publications www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/ Background This technical report provides a guide to assist arborists, landowners, woody plant pest management specialists, foresters, and plant pathologists in the diagnosis and control of tree diseases encountered in the Great Plains. It contains 56 chapters on tree diseases prepared by 27 authors, and emphasizes disease situations as observed in the 10 states of the Great Plains: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The need for an updated tree disease guide for the Great Plains has been recog- nized for some time and an account of the history of this publication is provided here.
    [Show full text]
  • Commelina Communis
    Commelina communis Commelina communis Asiatic dayflower Introduction The genus Commelina has approximately 100 species worldwide, distributed primarily in tropical and temperate regions. Eight species occur in China[60][167] . Species of Commelina in China Flower of Commelina communis. (Photo pro- Scientific Name Scientific Name vided by LBJWC, Albert, F. W. Frick, Jr.) C. auriculata Bl. C. maculata Edgew. C. bengalensis L. C. paludosa Bl. roadsides [60]. C. communis L. C. suffruticosa Bl. Distribution C. diffusa Burm. f. C. undulata R. Br. C. communis is widely distributed in China, [60] but no records are reported stalk, often hirsute-ciliate marginally, Taxonomy for its distribution in Qinghai, Xinjiang, and acute apically. Cyme inflorescence [6][116][167] Family: Commelinaceae Hainan, and Tibet . has one flower near the top, with dark Genus: Commelina L. blue petals and membranous sepals 5 Economic Importance mm long. Capsules are elliptic, 5–7 Description Commelina communis has caused serious mm, and two-valved. The two seeds Commelina communis is an annual damage in the orchards of northeastern in each valve are brown-yellow, 2–3 [96] herb with numerous branched, creeping China . C. communis is used in Chinese mm long, irregularly pitted, flat-sided, [60] stems, which are minutely pubescent herbal medicine. and truncate at one end[60][167]. distally, 1 m long. Leaves are lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 3–9 cm long and Related Species 1.5–2 cm wide. Involucral bracts Habitat C. diffusa occurs in forests, thickets C. communis prefers moist, shady forest grow opposite the leaves. Bracts are and moist areas of southern China and edges.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Forest Health & Biosecurity Working Papers OVERVIEW OF FOREST PESTS KENYA January 2007 Forest Resources Development Service Working Paper FBS/20E Forest Management Division FAO, Rome, Italy Forestry Department DISCLAIMER The aim of this document is to give an overview of the forest pest1 situation in Kenya. It is not intended to be a comprehensive review. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. © FAO 2007 1 Pest: Any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products (FAO, 2004). Overview of forest pests - Kenya TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1 Forest pests...................................................................................................................... 1 Naturally regenerating forests..................................................................................... 1 Insects ..................................................................................................................... 1 Diseases..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Color Plates
    Color Plates Plate 1 (a) Lethal Yellowing on Coconut Palm caused by a Phytoplasma Pathogen. (b, c) Tulip Break on Tulip caused by Lily Latent Mosaic Virus. (d, e) Ringspot on Vanda Orchid caused by Vanda Ringspot Virus R.K. Horst, Westcott’s Plant Disease Handbook, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2141-8, 701 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 702 Color Plates Plate 2 (a, b) Rust on Rose caused by Phragmidium mucronatum.(c) Cedar-Apple Rust on Apple caused by Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae Color Plates 703 Plate 3 (a) Cedar-Apple Rust on Cedar caused by Gymnosporangium juniperi.(b) Stunt on Chrysanthemum caused by Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid. Var. Dark Pink Orchid Queen 704 Color Plates Plate 4 (a) Green Flowers on Chrysanthemum caused by Aster Yellows Phytoplasma. (b) Phyllody on Hydrangea caused by a Phytoplasma Pathogen Color Plates 705 Plate 5 (a, b) Mosaic on Rose caused by Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus. (c) Foliar Symptoms on Chrysanthemum (Variety Bonnie Jean) caused by (clockwise from upper left) Chrysanthemum Chlorotic Mottle Viroid, Healthy Leaf, Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid, Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid, and Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (Mild Strain) 706 Color Plates Plate 6 (a) Bacterial Leaf Rot on Dieffenbachia caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi.(b) Bacterial Leaf Rot on Philodendron caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi Color Plates 707 Plate 7 (a) Common Leafspot on Boston Ivy caused by Guignardia bidwellii.(b) Crown Gall on Chrysanthemum caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens 708 Color Plates Plate 8 (a) Ringspot on Tomato Fruit caused by Cucumber Mosaic Virus. (b, c) Powdery Mildew on Rose caused by Podosphaera pannosa Color Plates 709 Plate 9 (a) Late Blight on Potato caused by Phytophthora infestans.(b) Powdery Mildew on Begonia caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum.(c) Mosaic on Squash caused by Cucumber Mosaic Virus 710 Color Plates Plate 10 (a) Dollar Spot on Turf caused by Sclerotinia homeocarpa.(b) Copper Injury on Rose caused by sprays containing Copper.
    [Show full text]
  • (Sporocadaceae): an Important Genus of Plant Pathogenic Fungi
    Persoonia 40, 2018: 96–118 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.04 Seiridium (Sporocadaceae): an important genus of plant pathogenic fungi G. Bonthond1, M. Sandoval-Denis1,2, J.Z. Groenewald1, P.W. Crous1,3,4 Key words Abstract The genus Seiridium includes multiple plant pathogenic fungi well-known as causal organisms of cankers on Cupressaceae. Taxonomically, the status of several species has been a topic of debate, as the phylogeny of the appendage-bearing conidia genus remains unresolved and authentic ex-type cultures are mostly absent. In the present study, a large collec- canker pathogen tion of Seiridium cultures and specimens from the CBS and IMI collections was investigated morphologically and Cupressus phylogenetically to resolve the taxonomy of the genus. These investigations included the type material of the most pestalotioid fungi important Cupressaceae pathogens, Seiridium cardinale, S. cupressi and S. unicorne. We constructed a phylogeny systematics of Seiridium based on four loci, namely the ITS rDNA region, and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), β-tubulin (TUB) and RNA polymerase II core subunit (RPB2). Based on these results we were able to confirm that S. unicorne and S. cupressi represent different species. In addition, five new Seiridium species were described, S. cupressi was lectotypified and epitypes were selected for S. cupressi and S. eucalypti. Article info Received: 24 August 2017; Accepted: 2 November 2017; Published: 9 January 2018. INTRODUCTION cardinale is the most aggressive and was first identified in California, from where the disease has since spread to other The genus Seiridium (Sordariomycetes, Xylariales, Sporoca­ continents.
    [Show full text]
  • Pestalotioid Fungi from Restionaceae in the Cape Floral Kingdom
    STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 55: 175–187. 2006. Pestalotioid fungi from Restionaceae in the Cape Floral Kingdom Seonju Lee1*, Pedro W. Crous2 and Michael J. Wingfield1 1Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Lunnon Road, Hillcrest, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; 2Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands *Correspondence: Seonju Lee, [email protected] Abstract: Eight pestalotioid fungi were isolated from the Restionaceae growing in the Cape Floral Kingdom of South Africa. Sarcostroma restionis, Truncatella megaspora, T. restionacearum and T. spadicea are newly described. New records include Pestalotiopsis matildae, Sarcostroma lomatiae, Truncatella betulae and T. hartigii. To resolve generic affiliations, phylogenetic analyses were performed on ITS (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) and part of 28S rDNA. DNA data support the original generic concept of Truncatella, which encompasses Pestalotiopsis species having 3-septate conidia. The genus Sarcostroma is retained as separate from Seimatosporium. Taxonomic novelties: Pestalotiopsis matildae (Richatt) S. Lee & Crous comb. nov., Truncatella betulae (Morochk.) S. Lee & Crous comb. nov., Sarcostroma restionis S. Lee & Crous sp. nov., Truncatella megaspora S. Lee & Crous sp. nov., Truncatella restionacearum S. Lee & Crous sp. nov., Truncatella spadicea S. Lee & Crous sp. nov. Key words: Fungi imperfecti, fynbos, microfungi, South Africa, systematics. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The Restionaceae (restios) is a monocotyledonous Isolates family distributed in the Southern Hemisphere, which Field collections were made in Western Cape Province includes more than 30 genera and about 400 species nature reserves and in undisturbed areas of the fynbos (Figs 1–6). In Africa approximately 330 species are during 2000–2002.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Acrocordiella</I>
    Persoonia 37, 2016: 82–105 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X690475 Resolution of morphology-based taxonomic delusions: Acrocordiella, Basiseptospora, Blogiascospora, Clypeosphaeria, Hymenopleella, Lepteutypa, Pseudapiospora, Requienella, Seiridium and Strickeria W.M. Jaklitsch1,2, A. Gardiennet3, H. Voglmayr2 Key words Abstract Fresh material, type studies and molecular phylogeny were used to clarify phylogenetic relationships of the nine genera Acrocordiella, Blogiascospora, Clypeosphaeria, Hymenopleella, Lepteutypa, Pseudapiospora, Ascomycota Requienella, Seiridium and Strickeria. At first sight, some of these genera do not seem to have much in com- Dothideomycetes mon, but all were found to belong to the Xylariales, based on their generic types. Thus, the most peculiar finding new genus is the phylogenetic affinity of the genera Acrocordiella, Requienella and Strickeria, which had been classified in phylogenetic analysis the Dothideomycetes or Eurotiomycetes, to the Xylariales. Acrocordiella and Requienella are closely related but pyrenomycetes distinct genera of the Requienellaceae. Although their ascospores are similar to those of Lepteutypa, phylogenetic Pyrenulales analyses do not reveal a particularly close relationship. The generic type of Lepteutypa, L. fuckelii, belongs to the Sordariomycetes Amphisphaeriaceae. Lepteutypa sambuci is newly described. Hymenopleella is recognised as phylogenetically Xylariales distinct from Lepteutypa, and Hymenopleella hippophaëicola is proposed as new name for its generic type, Spha­ eria (= Lepteutypa) hippophaës. Clypeosphaeria uniseptata is combined in Lepteutypa. No asexual morphs have been detected in species of Lepteutypa. Pseudomassaria fallax, unrelated to the generic type, P. chondrospora, is transferred to the new genus Basiseptospora, the genus Pseudapiospora is revived for P. corni, and Pseudomas­ saria carolinensis is combined in Beltraniella (Beltraniaceae).
    [Show full text]
  • Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two
    (topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota.
    [Show full text]