Ragnar Lothbrok
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How to Train Your Dragon: Pre‐Reading
How to Train Your Dragon: Pre‐reading Social & Historical Context When we study English at secondary level, it is often useful to find out about the social and historical contexts that surround what we are reading. We look at the key events in history and society that took place during the time a text was written or set. We then question how this context may have influenced the presentation of: events, characters and ideas. ‘How to Train Your Dragon,’ was published in 2003 but it is set on the fictional island of Berk during the age of the Vikings. Before we start reading the novel, let’s explore some context. Read the contextual information and complete the activities below. Who were the Vikings? The Vikings, also called Norsemen, came from all around Scandinavia (where Norway, Sweden and Denmark are today). They sent armies to Britain about the year 700 AD to take over some of the land, and they lived here until around 1050. Even though the Vikings didn’t stay in Britain, they left a strong mark on society – we’ve even kept some of the same names of towns. They had a large settlement around York and the Midlands, and you can see some of the artefacts from Viking settlements today. The word ‘Viking’ means ‘a pirate raid’ in the Norse language, which is what the Vikings spoke. Some of the names of our towns and villages have a little bit of Norse language in them. Do you recognise any names with endings like these: ‘‐by’ (as in Corby or Whitby, means ‘farm’ or ‘town’) and ‘‐thorpe’ (as in Scunthorpe) means ‘village.’ The Viking alphabet, ‘Futhark’, was made up of 24 characters called runes. -
Personal Names and Denomination of Livonians in Early Written Sources
ESUKA – JEFUL 2014, 5–1: 13–26 PERSONAL NAMES AND DENOMINATION OF LIVONIANS IN EARLY WRITTEN SOURCES Enn Ernits Estonian University of Life Sciences Abstract. This paper presents the timeline of ethnonyms denoting Livonians; specifies their chronology; and analyses the names used for this ethnos and possible personal names. If we consider the dating of the event, the earliest sources mentioning Livonians are Gesta Danorum and the Tale of Bygone Years (both 10th century), but both sources present rather dubious information: in the first the battle of Bråvalla itself or the date are dubious (6th, 8th or 10th century); in the latter we cannot be sure that the member of the Rus delegation was really a Livonian. If we consider the time of recording, the earliest sources are two rune inscriptions from Sweden (11th century), and the next is the list of neighbouring peoples of the Russians from the Tale of Bygone Years (12th century). The personal names Bicco and Ger referred in Gesta Danorum, and Либи Аръфастовъ in Tale of Bygone Years are very problematic. The first certain personal name of a Livonian is *Mustakka, *Mustukka or *Mustoikka (from Finnic *musta ‘black’) written in 1040–1050s on a strip of birch bark in Novgorod. Keywords: Livs, Finnic peoples, ethnonyms, anthroponyms, onomastics DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2014.5.1.01 1. Introduction This paper (1) seeks to present the timeline of ethnonyms denoting Livonians; (2) to specify their chronology; (3) and to analyse the names used for this ethnos and possible personal names. It is supple- mental to the paper by Mauno Koski on words denoting Livonians (Koski 2011). -
Herjans Dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age
Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age Luke John Murphy Lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni trú Félagsvísindasvið Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age Luke John Murphy Lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni trú Leiðbeinandi: Terry Gunnell Félags- og mannvísindadeild Félagsvísindasvið Háskóla Íslands 2013 Ritgerð þessi er lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni Trú og er óheimilt að afrita ritgerðina á nokkurn hátt nema með leyfi rétthafa. © Luke John Murphy, 2013 Reykjavík, Ísland 2013 Luke John Murphy MA in Old Nordic Religions: Thesis Kennitala: 090187-2019 Spring 2013 ABSTRACT Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Feminities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age This thesis is a study of the valkyrjur (‘valkyries’) during the late Iron Age, specifically of the various uses to which the myths of these beings were put by the hall-based warrior elite of the society which created and propagated these religious phenomena. It seeks to establish the relationship of the various valkyrja reflexes of the culture under study with other supernatural females (particularly the dísir) through the close and careful examination of primary source material, thereby proposing a new model of base supernatural femininity for the late Iron Age. The study then goes on to examine how the valkyrjur themselves deviate from this ground state, interrogating various aspects and features associated with them in skaldic, Eddic, prose and iconographic source material as seen through the lens of the hall-based warrior elite, before presenting a new understanding of valkyrja phenomena in this social context: that valkyrjur were used as instruments to propagate the pre-existing social structures of the culture that created and maintained them throughout the late Iron Age. -
East Baltic Vikings - with Particular Consideration to the Ctrronians
East Baltic Vikings - with particular consideration to the Ctrronians Swedish Allies in the Saga World EAST BALTIC At the mythical battlefield of Bravellir (Sw. VIKINGS - WITH Bnl.vallama), Danes and the Swedes clashed in a PARTICULAR fight of epic dimensions. The over-aged Danish king Harald Hildetand finally lost his life, and CONSIDERA his nephew king Sigurdr hringr won Denmark TION TO THE for the Swedes. The story appears in a fragment CURONIANS of a Norse saga from around 1300. But since Sa xo Grammaticus tells it, the written tradition Nils Blornkvist must go back at least to the late 12th century. Wri ting in Latin he prefers to call it bellum Suetici, 'the Swedish war'. It's for several reasons ob vious that Saxo has built his text on a Norse text that must have been quite similar to the preser ved fragment. The battle of Bravellir- the Norse fragment claims - was noteworthy in ancient tales for having be en the greatest, the hardest and the most even and uncertain of the wars that had been fought in the Nordic countries.1 Both sources give long lists of the famous heroes that joined the two armies in a way that recalls the list of ships in Homer's Iliad. These champions are the knight errants of Germanic epics, to some degree rela ted with those of chansons de geste. They are pre sented with characteristic epithets and eponyms that point out their origins in a town, a tribe or a country. When summed up they communicate a geographic vision of the northern World in the 11 th and 12th centuries. -
How Uniform Was the Old Norse Religion?
II. Old Norse Myth and Society HOW UNIFORM WAS THE OLD NORSE RELIGION? Stefan Brink ne often gets the impression from handbooks on Old Norse culture and religion that the pagan religion that was supposed to have been in Oexistence all over pre-Christian Scandinavia and Iceland was rather homogeneous. Due to the lack of written sources, it becomes difficult to say whether the ‘religion’ — or rather mythology, eschatology, and cult practice, which medieval sources refer to as forn siðr (‘ancient custom’) — changed over time. For obvious reasons, it is very difficult to identify a ‘pure’ Old Norse religion, uncorroded by Christianity since Scandinavia did not exist in a cultural vacuum.1 What we read in the handbooks is based almost entirely on Snorri Sturluson’s representation and interpretation in his Edda of the pre-Christian religion of Iceland, together with the ambiguous mythical and eschatological world we find represented in the Poetic Edda and in the filtered form Saxo Grammaticus presents in his Gesta Danorum. This stance is more or less presented without reflection in early scholarship, but the bias of the foundation is more readily acknowledged in more recent works.2 In the textual sources we find a considerable pantheon of gods and goddesses — Þórr, Óðinn, Freyr, Baldr, Loki, Njo3rðr, Týr, Heimdallr, Ullr, Bragi, Freyja, Frigg, Gefjon, Iðunn, et cetera — and euhemerized stories of how the gods acted and were characterized as individuals and as a collective. Since the sources are Old Icelandic (Saxo’s work appears to have been built on the same sources) one might assume that this religious world was purely Old 1 See the discussion in Gro Steinsland, Norrøn religion: Myter, riter, samfunn (Oslo: Pax, 2005). -
VIKINGS 2020 Vikings
VIKINGS 2020 vikings Week 4 | Sunday, October 4, 2020 | NRG Stadium | Noon CT | FOX 2020 record game summary REGULAR SEASON......................................... 0-3 The Minnesota Vikings (0-3) travel to play the NFC NORTH ....................................................0-1 Houston Texans (0-3) with kickoff is set for noon CT at HOME ............................................................ 0-2 NRG Stadium. The Texans are coming off a 28-21 road AWAY .............................................................0-1 loss against the Steelers. The Vikings lost 31-30 at home against the Titans. The Vikings three-game losing streak 2020 schedule to start the season is just the third three-game losing streak in seven seasons under Head Coach Mike Zimmer. sun sept 13 gb noon l, 43-34 The Vikings 6.03 yards per carry leads the NFL, sun sept 20 @ ind noon l, 28-11 sun sept 27 ten noon l, 31-30 while RB Dalvin Cook ranks third individually with 294 sun oct 4 @ hou noon fox rushing yards and sixth with 6.13 yards per carry. Cook’s sun oct 11 @ sea 7:20 pm nbc 181 rushing yards in Week 3 set a new career high and sun oct 18 atl noon fox marked the highest total in the NFL this season. sun oct 25 bye LB Eric Kendricks, who has led the team in tackles sun nov 1 @gb noon* fox for five consecutive seasons, currently ranks tied for sun nov 8 det noon* cbs first in the NFL with 33 total tackles through Week 3. mon nov 16 @ chi 7:15 pm* espn sun nov 22 dal 3:25 pm* fox DE Yannick Ngakoue has recorded a strip sack in each of sun nov 29 car noon* fox the last two games, becoming just the fourth player in sun dec 6 jax noon* cbs team history to have consecutive games with at least 1.0 sun dec 13 @ tb noon* fox sack and one forced fumble, joining DT John Randle, DE sun dec 20 chi noon* fox Jared Allen and DE Brian Robison. -
History Channel's Fact Or Fictionalized View of the Norse Expansion Gypsey Teague Clemson University, [email protected]
Clemson University TigerPrints Presentations University Libraries 10-31-2015 The iV kings: History Channel's Fact or Fictionalized View of the Norse Expansion Gypsey Teague Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/lib_pres Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Teague, Gypsey, "The iV kings: History Channel's Fact or Fictionalized View of the Norse Expansion" (2015). Presentations. 60. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/lib_pres/60 This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the University Libraries at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in Presentations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 The Vikings: History Channel’s Fact or Fictionalized View of The Norse Expansion Presented October 31, 2015 at the New England Popular Culture Association, Colby-Sawyer College, New London, NH ABSTRACT: The History Channel’s The Vikings is a fictionalized history of Ragnar Lothbrok who during the 8th and 9th Century traveled and raided the British Isles and all the way to Paris. This paper will look at the factual Ragnar and the fictionalized character as presented to the general viewing public. Ragnar Lothbrok is getting a lot of air time recently. He and the other characters from the History Channel series The Vikings are on Tee shirts, posters, books, and websites. The jewelry from the series is selling quickly on the web and the actors that portray the characters are in high demand at conventions and other venues. The series is fun but as all historic series creates a history that is not necessarily accurate. -
On the Origins of the Gothic Novel: from Old Norse to Otranto
This extract is taken from the author's original manuscript and has not been edited. The definitive, published, version of record is available here: https:// www.palgrave.com/gb/book/9781137465030 and https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137465047. Please be aware that if third party material (e.g. extracts, figures, tables from other sources) forms part of the material you wish to archive you will need additional clearance from the appropriate rights holders. On the origins of the Gothic novel: From Old Norse to Otranto Martin Arnold A primary vehicle for the literary Gothic in the late eighteenth to early nineteen centuries was past superstition. The extent to which Old Norse tradition provided the basis for a subspecies of literary horror has been passed over in an expanding critical literature which has not otherwise missed out on cosmopolitan perspectives. This observation by Robert W. Rix (2011, 1) accurately assesses what may be considered a significant oversight in studies of the Gothic novel. Whilst it is well known that the ethnic meaning of ‘Gothic’ originally referred to invasive, eastern Germanic, pagan tribes of the third to the sixth centuries AD (see, for example, Sowerby 2000, 15-26), there remains a disconnect between Gothicism as the legacy of Old Norse literature and the use of the term ‘Gothic’ to mean a category of fantastical literature. This essay, then, seeks to complement Rix’s study by, in certain areas, adding more detail about the gradual emergence of Old Norse literature as a significant presence on the European literary scene. The initial focus will be on those formations (often malformations) and interpretations of Old Norse literature as it came gradually to light from the sixteenth century onwards, and how the Nordic Revival impacted on what is widely considered to be the first Gothic novel, The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole (1717-97). -
The Vikings Pdf, Epub, Ebook
THE VIKINGS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Else Roesdahl | 352 pages | 01 Jan 1999 | Penguin Books Ltd | 9780140252828 | English | London, United Kingdom The Vikings PDF Book Young men were expected to test themselves in this manner. Roam Robotics, a small business located in San Francisco, California, has developed a lightweight and inexpensive knee exoskeleton for Still, Leif established new colonies and even traded with the natives. If a dispute could not be settled, they often resorted to duels or torturous trials known as ordeals [source: Wolf ]. It's best used at 36 points and above to really appreciate the details. And who can blame her? Lagertha Katheryn Winnick , the first wife of Ragnar Lothbrok Travis Fimmel , made quite a name for herself throughout the series. We'll look at the military and nonmilitary technology used by the Vikings in the next section. An elected or appointed official known as a law-speaker acted as an impartial judge to guide the meetings. During Operation Enduring Freedom in late and throughout , forward- deployed S-3B Viking tankers flew more than percent over their normal flight hours underway, enabling air wing strike fighters to reach their assigned kill boxes and return safely to the aircraft carrier from Afghanistan. Sortie rates of 30 missions a day were not uncommon for squadrons operating from carriers in the eastern Mediterranean and the Persian Gulf. No whispering over ale in the Great Hall; it's all shouting with this boisterous crew. It is unknown how many real berserkers existed -- they show up most frequently in Nordic sagas as powerful foils for the heroic protagonist [source: Haywood ]. -
History Today Magazine, Vikings Warriors of No Nation
Norse travellers reached every corner of the known world, but they were not tourists. The ‘racially pure’ Vikings of stereotype were, in fact, cultural chameleons adopting local habits, languages and religions. Eleanor Rosamund Barraclough VIKINGS WARRIORS OF NO NATION Viking ship carrying Harold III of Norway against his half-brother Olaf II in 1030, c.1375. 2 | History Today | April 2018 April 2018 | History Today | 3 n January 2018, President Trump Odinism and white supremacy are bedfellows. expressed a preference for immigrants Such ideas of racial and cultural purity from affluent nations such as Norway, as would have been alien to the inhabitants of the opposed to those from what he termed medieval Nordic world. They may have come ‘shithole countries’. The indignant from the northernmost fringes of Europe – and Iresponse was on a global scale. Photos of in the case of Icelanders, in the middle of the beautiful African sunsets and wildlife were North Atlantic – but Norse travellers reached posted. One Norwegian woman tweeted: ‘We every corner of the known world. are not coming. Cheers from Norway.’ Trump was not the first to misuse Blond men in boats Scandinavian countries as a poster child for Thanks to chronicles and letters written by racism. The Nazi ideology of Aryan supremacy Christian holy men, perpetuated by modern rested on the premise of the Nordic race as books, cartoons and films, an enduring Viking superior to all others. Particularly disturbing stereotype is engrained in our collective was the ‘Lebensborn’ programme initiated by cultural imagination: blond men in boats with the head of the SS Heinrich Himmler to secure beards and battle-axes, sailing slate-grey seas the racial purity of the Third Reich. -
Register Report Descendants of Adam the First Man of Alfred Landon
Descendants of Adam the First Man Generation 1 1. Adam the First Man-1[1, 2, 3] was born in 4026 BC in Garden of Eden[1, 2, 3]. He died in 3096 BC in Olaha, Shinehah[1, 2]. Eve the First Woman[1, 2] was born in 4025 BC in Garden of Eden[1, 2]. She died in 3074 BC in Eden, ,[1, 2, 3]. Adam the First Man and Eve the First Woman were married about 4022 BC in Garden of Eden[2, 3]. They had the following children: 2. i. Seth ben Adam, Second Patriarch[4] was born in 3874 BC in Olaha, Shileah[1, 2, 4]. He died in 2962 BC in Cainan, East of Eden[1, 2, 3, 4]. ii. Azura Sister[2, 3] was born in Olaha, Shinehah[2, 3]. She died in Canaan,[2, 3]. iii. Noam Ben Adam[2, 3] was born in Eden,[2, 3]. She died in Eden,[2, 3]. iv. Luluwa of Adam[2, 3] was born in Eden,[2, 3]. She died in Eden,[2, 3]. v. Awam ben Adam[2, 3] was born in Eden,[2, 3]. She died in Eden,[2, 3]. vi. Akilia bint Adam[2, 3] was born in Eden,[2, 3]. She died in Eden,[2, 3]. vii. Abel son of Adam[2, 3] was born in Eden,[2, 3]. He died in Eden,[2, 3]. viii. Qalmana[2, 3]. She died in Eden,[2, 3]. ix. Leah bint Adam[2] was born about 4018 BC in Eden[2]. She died about 3100 BC in Eden[2]. -
Vikings LEVELED READER • T a Reading A–Z Level T Leveled Reader Word Count: 1,359 VIKINGS
Vikings LEVELED READER • T A Reading A–Z Level T Leveled Reader Word Count: 1,359 VIKINGS Z T W Written by William Houseman Illustrated by Maria Voris Visit www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. VIKINGS Written by William Houseman Vikings Level T Leveled Reader Illustrated by Maria Voris © Learning A–Z, Inc. Correlation Written by William Houseman LEVEL T Illustrated by Maria Voris Fountas & Pinnell P All rights reserved. Reading Recovery 38 www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com DRA 38 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ...................................................... 4 Viking Warriors ................................................. 7 Discovering a New Land ............................... 10 Eric the Red ...................................................... 12 Leif Ericson ...................................................... 14 Other Viking Conquests ................................. 18 Glossary ............................................................ 20 INTRODUCTION When you hear the word Vikings, do you think of warriors or do you think of explorers? Do you think of merchants or do you think of poets? The Vikings were all of these things. They were also scientists, farmers, and fisherfolk. They were courageous fighters who loved to explore the world. 3 4 The Viking Age began about twelve hundred Over time, the Vikings’ spirit of exploration years ago. The Vikings came from the coastal and adventure led them to places all around lands in northern Europe that are now the Europe. It even led them to discover new countries of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. lands that no one in Europe knew existed. The Vikings were used to cold weather and They seized land along the western coast of learned to sail and fight at an early age. Their Europe. They even conquered land along the ships were fast and could carry many warriors.