Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing http://harrisonhawks.webs.com/ 1. aa ANIMAL BEHAVIOR: Do humming birds prefer clear food or colored food? Put up two of the same exact type feeder so the only change is color of food and determine which one they eat/prefer. Additionally- it can be determined what time of day they prefer to feed based upon this data. Six identical 100 ml feeders were filled with a 1:2 sugar to water ratio. Five common flower colors were chosen; red, yellow, green, blue, and purple; clear was used as a control. The feeders were put out on a custom-made feeder bar for four 10-14 day long trials. The nectar remaining in the feeder was measured to determine the nectar consumed over each trial. Then, the feeders were refilled, assigned new random positions, and hung back on the feeder bar for the next trial. (YOU COULD ALSO/INSTEAD TEST IF THE SWEETNESS AFFECTS RESULTS BY ADJUSTING THE RATIO OF WATER:SUGAR) PRINT NAME:__JUSTIN SIMMS______2. aa ARCHEOLOGY: Some fossils are made by mere imprints. How is it that scientists recognize them and are able to identify them? Research fossils and how to make quick print experimental fossils at home. Then choose a variety of common items to make imprint fossils with. Use only a portion of each of the items (since only a part of the animal or plant would be in an imprint fossil). Choose 20 people and poll them to see how many were able to correctly identify the original items from the various fossil imprints. What does this tell us about the jobs archeologists have trying to find and then identify fossils. What trends did you find in the results, who appeared to have the best future as an archeologist? PRINT NAME:______3. aa BIOLOGY Compare a home-made incubator and commercial incubator in the hatchabilty of chicken eggs. Which one will be the most successful? What variables are in effect and are required for the chickens to hatch? Which would be the best to use if you were going to start farming eggs and why? THIS REQUIRES A MONTH MINIMUM FOR INCUBATION AND YOU MUST HAVE A RESPONSIBLE PLAN FOR THE CHICKS ONCE THEY ARE HATCHED! PRINT NAME:______4. aa BIOLOGY: Determining bird diet – do research on the bird life in your area. Select a type of bird you wish to attract. Purchase several types of food. Research what bird enthusiasts indicate that bird prefers to eat. Develop an experiment with several stations of different foods and environments to entice your target bird. Compare the success rate of each station and which types of birds each attracts. Research the types of birds in your back yard, what types of seeds/foods they eat and then do science fair project comparing different seeds/millet/fruits to see if the birds in your backyard preferred the foods you thought they would. The Audubon Society and Nature Conservatory have recipes for making homemade feeders with seeds and peanut butter and things like that to you might incorporate START EARLY TO OBTAIN ENOUGH DATA PRINT NAME:______5. aa BOTANY: Does the color of the mulch you use in the garden make a difference to the plants? Does it change the taste? Does it change how many bugs get into the garden? Set up an experiment to compare this and see if people choose red because they like the look or because it really helps the plants. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______6. aa BOTANY: Do all plants transpire at same rate under different sources of light? Make greenhouse-terrariums out of 2 Liter bottles and then use them to plant your subjects. Make sure you have at least three plants of each species and try to use at least two species of plant (in order to collect enough data). One sample of each plant will be put under direct sunlight, another under fluorescent lighting, and another under a regular household lamp for a period of six hours each (while you are at school). The amount of transpiration amount the plants will then be compared and recorded. At the end of the light exposure, you will measure transpiration by removing the upper portion of the terrarium carefully so none of the condensate rolls off. Then remove all of it with a spatula and measure it with a measuring cup. You can then compare this measured amount between the various plants. Be sure you water each plant the same. Repeat this for several days to ensure accurate results. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______7. aa BOTANY: How do circadian rhythms affect plants? Using a fast growing house plant and a dark room (or cardboard box) and a set of automatic timers, set up an experiment to expose several plants to different light/dark cycles. (Make sure to leave one with a normal day/night as the control) Does it matter to the plant at which time it receives “daylight” Compare the growth and development of these sets of plants. Which is the most prosperous? MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______8. aa BOTANY: Is it better to water a garden using a drip method or the overhead sprinkler system? Set up a simple fruiting plant (like a tomato) and water some with a sprinkle type method where the water is disseminated from over top of the plant. In the other, water via a drip type of method. How much water can be conserved with alternative forms of watering plants? Measure and compare the results from both. NEEDS TO BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______9. aa CHEMISTRY/ENERGY: The battery challenge: buy three different brands of batteries, a cheap priced one, a medium priced one and an expensive one and determine if the temperature will affect the longevity of its useful life with ambient, refrigerator freezing temperature. PRINT NAME:______10. aa CHEMISTRY: Hairspray comparison. Comparing the holding/staying power of several types/brands of hairspray. Pluck strands of hair from your head, curl them the same way and then spray the strands with different sprays and then tape to a poster board over some graph paper and monitor them over time measuring the change in shape to determine which hairspray had the least “droop” or change in shape. PRINT NAME:______11. aa CHEMISTRY: Chirality with homemade polarimeter – The objective of this chemistry science fair project is to study the ability of a glucose solution to rotate polarized light Some molecules can be either left- or right-"handed." The left- and right-handed molecules have the same number and type of atoms, and their chemical structures look identical, but they are actually mirror images of each other. Many naturally occurring molecules have this property, called chirality. Chiral molecules can interact with polarized light in an interesting way—they rotate the plane of polarization. This chemistry science fair project describes how to make a homemade polarimeter that will allow you to investigate the ability of glucose, a chiral molecule, to rotate the plane of polarized light. To do this science fair project, you should already have the following materials and equipment: a laptop computer or other device with a flat- panel screen and a digital camera that takes short videos. This is a "do-it-yourself" kind of science fair project. It may present challenges

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 1 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing that will require some technical creativity. Some experience working with digital pictures and videos on a computer will be useful. PRINT NAME:______12. aa CHEMISTRY: Preservatives Which fast food places use the most chemical preservatives compare 5-7 fast food burgers and test them to see which ones contain the most preservatives and which are the most fresh. He would do this by purchasing similar burgers from each fast food location, placing each burger in a ziploc, & leaving them in the open air (pantry) for 1-2 weeks. After which, swabbing for mold/bacteria and placing specimen in petri dish to measure results PRINT NAME:______13. aa CHEMISTRY: The Cookie Experiment The objective of this experiment was to determine if the baking of the chocolate chip cookie was altered when using different types of baking sheets. Did the baking sheet alter the texture of the cookie or the taste? I made a triple batch of chocolate chip cookies that I used for all cookies in the experiment, so the cookie dough was not a variable. Then I baked each cookie using six different types of cookie sheets; silicone Silpat, ridged Sur La Table sheet, stoneware baking sheet, Calphalon non stick baking sheet, insulated platinum baking sheet, and an aluminum baking sheet. All batches were baked at 350 degrees for 13 minutes. I used a cookie scoop so all the cookies were the same size. Then I let all the cookies cool on a rack for 10 minutes. Then the cookies were placed in a labeled Ziploc baggie. Testers had a plate labeled with all the cookies and they filled out the survey for my data. Surveys were collected and then I tabulated the results. PRINT NAME:______14. aa COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Do men or women learn/retain a new language better? First identify students who are not familiar with the ASL language (they can know what is and have seen a few signs but do not know more than 4 signs). Ten male subjects and ten female subjects will be taught a lesson with 20 American Sign Language signs by the tester with a brief description of each. After fifteen minutes subjects were tested to see how many signs they remembered out of the ten shown. (This lesson can be adapted to fit another foreign language – but NOT Spanish which is too prevalent in California and will corrupt the data) PRINT NAME:______15. aaCOGNTIVIE SCIENCE: Red Pill or Blue Pill? How Age Impacts Confirmation Bias The objective of the project is to determine whether age has an impact on confirmation bias. Methods A random sample of adolescents and adults were given an adapted version of Wason's 2-4-6 task to assess confirmation bias. PRINT NAME:______16. aa COGNITIVE SCIENCE: The Analysis of Mindful Meditation in the Elementary Classroom (Can also be done on “Tapping” the new meditation fad) Our initial study examined the effectiveness of therapeutic breathing on brainwave testing. We decided to apply the technique of diaphragmatic breathing in combination with mindful meditation, to a classroom setting. Our question was, does mindful meditation improve a student's attention and ability to focus? The goal of this study was to instruct students and teachers on a practical way to reduce stress and improve focus Word searches for 5th and 3rd graders, online mediation educational video "Just Breathe# and "Stunning Aquarium and Soothing Music," Teacher Behavioral Log. A 5th grade and 3rd grade class was selected for this study. Each class was given an initial word search, then instructed on breathing and meditation. They were given a post test after the initial mediation session. The classes participated in meditation 2 times a week for 3 weeks, 10 minute sessions. Behavior Log 1 hour before and after mediation. After the final meditation session, students were given a post test Teachers were also surveyed to see if days with the meditation had any impact on classroom behavior PRINT NAME:______17. aa COGNITIVE SCIENCE: The Misinformation Effect: Can the Way a Question Is Framed Alter a Subject's Recollection of an Event? The object of this experiment is to determine whether a subject's memory of an event can be altered by framing questions given after the event has occurred. The specific goal is to determine whether it is easier to influence a subject's memory of an event after more time has passed. PRINT NAME:______18. aa COGNITIVE SCIENCE: To Praise or Not to Praise? The objective of this study was to determine if the impact of praise and criticism on performance change with age, specifically on adults and sixth graders. Informed consent was obtained from 40 randomly selected participants, 20 adults and 20 sixth graders. The sample space was divided equally between males and females. An intellectual test and a physical test were observed. In one instance they were praised generously for their efforts, then in another they were critiqued. This was repeated several times and the scores recorded and compared. When each participant finished all of his or her tests, they were given 3 survey questions on the effectiveness of the stimuli. Results are analyzed to see if there is a large gradient of difference. PRINT NAME:______19. aa EARTH/SOILS: What covers less than 10% of the Earth's surface, yet is a vital natural resource for terrestrial life? What filters ground water and supports most of our food production, not to mention the production of building materials and paper? The answer, often overlooked, is: soil. Where in your area do you think the best growing soil would be found? With this project you can get all the dirt on soil formation, soil horizons, and the composition of different soils. Obtain core samples of soil from various areas observe an measure core samples of soil to see how soil properties change with depth and we will coarse soil core profiles collected and across the different sites you tested. Was the better soil at the top of a hill? The valley? By a river? Under a tree? Why would this be? PRINT NAME:______20. aa EARTH/WIND: What are snow fences for? How do they work? And why do they set them up on some beaches where it never snows? Research this material. You could then create a hypothesis about the placing of the slats of just such a fence which spacing is most optimal for the operation of the fence? Create an experiment with fences made of popsicle sticks and a sand box and perhaps a blow dryer for wind to test your theory. Record and analyze your results. What did the fence accomplish? Which spacing had the best results? (RL Bonnet p90) PRINT NAME:______21. aa EARTH: How can we track and utilize the rotation of the Earth as a tool? Construct one or more sundials. The simplest is called the equatorial dial. Use your dial to tell time at night by using the moon’s shadow, locate due north and south based upon the sun’s movement, determine the time of sunset or sunrise. PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 2 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 22. aa EARTH: Why is it that the car’s windows get frost on them in the winter? What is Dew Point mean? Make a hypothesis about this and an experiment to test dew point and frost. Using a large plane of glass supported above the surface of the ground by four bricks (legs) will frost form on the top or bottom or both sides of the glass? Will the frost form in the same areas of the glass that dew formed on a warmer evening (try testing in Sept and again in Nov/Dec to compare) Monitor the night time temperatures for comparison. Is there a difference in the result when you change the location of the pane of glass (Over the driveway versus over the grass or a deck, etc) (You may be able to replicate this during warmer months with a freezer system) Does the distance between the glass and the ground make a difference? Use shorter “legs” and find out. What would happen if the glass was left in a vertical position instead of a horizontal one? Will tape or plastic wrap affect the formations? PRINT NAME:______23. aa EARTH: Hypothesize where the frost line is for your area. Obtain a remote sensing thermometer which has the sensor separate from the indicating device. (Most hardware and some home décor stores- home weather kits) Dig a one foot deep hole in the ground and put sensor in hole. Bury the sensor back up in the hole, monitor the temperature above and below ground every day for a week at several times of day and at night. Repeat experiment with a sensor in a hole 3 feet deep. How does the data compare? How do you think this affects utility companies? Sprinkler systems? How do you think this affects local farmers? What does your research on the topic reveal about your local frost line requirements? PRINT NAME:______24. aa EARTH: Mapping Lightning – electrically charged patches. Select a smooth non-conducting surface, affix adhesive tape. When you peel it off, you have created a charged surface. You cam map this by dusting with differently colored powders (parsley, four, Day-Glow, etc) Some will collect onto the negatively charged regions while others will collection positively charged sites. These patterns are called Lichtemburg figures. Research these figures and collect more data on the patterns. PRINT NAME:______25. aa EARTHQUAKES : How are earthquakes affected by the different materials they travel through? Construct a tank with a cake pan and water to test the ability of different materials to transmit seismic waves. (RL Bonnet pg 21) Then you can place a masonry brick, a large brick of modeling clay, and a block of wood all about the same size. Then create a swing pendulum with a weight that will hit the top of the block, well above the water line of the pan and yet not be able to knock over the block. Hypothesize which material will transmit more of the energy from the pendulum? Will dropping the weight straight down instead of swinging it into the block change the resultant waves? How do you think this relates to the actions and waves during a real earthquake? PRINT NAME:______26. aa EARTHQUAKES: During an earthquake, building materials must be able to withstand a great amount of bending without breaking in order for the building to survive the quake. Hypothesize what material will withstand the greatest weight without failure. Choose several different types of wood and get them cut into boards the same size (2x4). Using “C” clamps clamp one end of the board to a table. Using weights such as those used on barbells or dumbbells, beginning with the lightest weight, hang the weight from the end of the board. Measure the distance the board bends from the weight. Gradually add more weights until the board cracks or breaks. Compare the furthest point each board bent before failure to determine which would have the greatest flexibility in an earthquake. PRINT NAME:______27. aa EARTHQUAKES: How do scientists measure the energy of an earthquake? Do research and create an experiment to mimic a seismograph. There are several concepts on the Internet. You can test different methods of creating vibrations such as musical booms, hammers, storms, etc. You could compare two different seismograph concepts- Make sure you take good records and compare and evaluate your results. PRINT NAME:______28. aa ECOLOGY: Biodiversity - Have you ever wondered what a wildlife biologist does? Ronnie and Denise from DragonflyTV found out firsthand when they worked with a local wildlife biologist to take a survey of the fish populations in their local lake. They wanted to determine what the biodiversity (number of different species in a habitat) was like so that they could find out how healthy the lake habitat was. In this science fair project you can take on the role of a wildlife biologist by examining the biodiversity of insects in your own backyard using a homemade bug vacuum! Use a homemade bug vacuum to collect insects from a pond or lake area (or perhaps back yard wetted area) to calculate whether it is a biologically diverse habitat. AND/OR: Look out! When you walk on the grass, you are squishing millions of micro-invertebrates! Just kidding, these animals are too small to squish. Learn how to catch them by making a Berlese funnel in this fun project that will teach you about soil. PRINT NAME:______29. aa ECOLOGY: Smog days are often posted in your local newspaper. Check how many smog days your city has had in the last year. How does it compare to other years? You can also take pictures of your city landscape on high and low smog days. How do the pictures compare? How does smog in the atmosphere affect visibility? What is smog made of? You can use tongue depressors smeared with Vaseline to check for smog particles in different areas; just stick in the ground and look at them a few days later. Examine the smog particles with a magnifying glass. What kinds of particles do you see? Which areas accumulated the most smog? PRINT NAME:______30. aa ENERGY Using a ripple tank and a set of wood blocks conduct an experiment to investigate how Light waves behave when they contact these shapes. How are the light waves reflected ? Stack some in one end to create a “shallow” section in order to test refraction as well. Can waves be made to converge on focal point of a convex shaped block? PRINT NAME:______31. aa ENGINEERING: In 1989 a New Jersey seashore resort town had to place a ban on high rise apartments claiming they caused an increase in erosion on the beaches. Using a sandbox, a powered fan, and several bricks (to represent buildings) create an experiment to test this possibility. The wind is a powerful force, enough to erode whole hillsides over time. Building structures in windy environments challenge civil engineers with special safety concerns. A wall in a windy area can either shield you from the cold or fall down on you. Learn a few tricks on how to design walls in windy places. Hypothesize what pattern of sand will be created. What do you find? How does this change when the buildings are closer together versus farther apart? How do you think this affects cities with a lot of high rise

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 3 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing buildings such as New York or Chicago? What did your research show on the topic? How to builders handle this situation? PRINT NAME:______32. aa EROSION: When you think of environmental challenges facing the world, the first things that come to mind might be global warming, or loss of biodiversity, since these are often in the newspapers. A serious problem that you may not have heard about is soil erosion. Why is soil so important? What is the danger of erosion? How can we measure soil erosion? What can be done to prevent it? The goal of this project is to estimate rates of soil erosion due to rainfall at different sites using homemade sampling containers PRINT NAME:______33. aa EROSION: Doesn’t happen only on the beach! Hypothesize how much erosion could happen from shoes on wood. Find some stairs that show considerable erosion (wooden stairs at malls or office buildings are often a good choice) Using a micrometer, measure the difference between the thickness of the step at the area with no wear (the sides were no one walks) and the worn area. Record this number – it equals the amount of material eroded away. Is this more or less than your hypothesis? PRINT NAME:______34. aa EROSION: How much soap is wasted if you leave the bar of soap in the shower on that soap ledge? Make a hypothesis of how much soap is lost in this process. Obtain several of the same exact type bars of soap. Record the mass and density of each. Place the control sample bar of soap in an area away from the water and steam of the bathroom. Place one in the soap dish (making family promise not to use that for the duration of your study even when they shower). Record how often the shower is used and for how long. Place another bar of soap under a tap and allow a slow steady drip to fall onto the soap. Records the number of drips per minute. Allow it to run for a set amount of time and then allow the soap to dry out and weigh it again to see how much was washed away by the drips. After a week of showers (you have tracked how many showers and how long each – and then put a bucket under the faucet and weigh how much water comes out of your shower in one minute) to compare. Then allow the shower soap to dry and weigh it. Re-weigh the control soap and compare. Is there any difference depending upon the brand of soap used? Was your hypothesis correct? PRINT NAME:______35. aa LIGHT: How are different light bulbs affected by distance? Compare different types of light incandescent, fluorescent, etc. Which light bulb's light travels the furthest? Test will include multiple type of bulbs and the amount of lumen given off by each will be measured at different distances and then a comparative analysis completed to determine which bulb had the furthest light provided. Use a light meter to measure the intensity as at different distances from the light source(s) and compare them. If the standard bulb requires more energy than it should register more measurable lumens of light energy than a C.F.L. bulb. PRINT NAME:______36. aa LIGHT: Predict the size/ratio of the shadow created by a square of cardboard held between a light bulb and a wall 2m apart. Predict how much the shadow will be affected if the cardboard is moved. How does this prove light travels in straight waves? PRINT NAME:______37. aa MASS: Do peanut M&Ms and plain M&Ms have the same amount of chocolate in them? You will need to carefully take the mass of a plain red M&M and record it. Then take the mass of a red peanut M&M and record it. Carefully cut the peanut out of its chocolate case (do not lose any of the peanut) and weigh the peanut separately. Subract the weight of that peanut from the weight you recorded when it was inside its case and you will have the weight of just its chocolate. Repeat ten times for each color. Was there a difference between peanut M&Ms and plan? Was there any difference between colors? PRINT NAME:______38. aa MINERALS: Stalactites are fascinating. How do they form on their own like that? Research how this happens in nature, where does it occur and over how long? You will create an experiment to recreate the formation process that normally occurs in caves in an expedited fashion. Make a hypothesis about how large the formations could be made, or which materials would be the best to use. Try plaster of Paris and compare to a fine sand suspension in water-soluble glue. You could also try wall paper glue, sugar water, pancake batter, etc. Be sure they both drip in the same time/pattern in a fair comparison. If you form a ceiling for your experiment are you able to recreate the columns formed in caves? PRINT NAME:______39. aa MINERALS: We know that ice cream makers use salt in the process to help harden the ice cream. Why is this? How much can we lower the freezing temperature of water by adding salt? Keep track of the temperature of water and its freezing temperature. Then slowly add water and freeze again. What happened? Is there a direct correlation between how much salt you add and the temperature differential in freezing point? What is the point beyond which adding more salt does not change the freezing point? How does this compare to your hypothesis? How do you think this important to sailors? To ice bergs? How does the addition of salt affect water’s boiling point? WITH ADULT SUPERVISION compare the boiling point of plain water in an open pot to water in a pressure cooker? What changes? By how much? Will adding salt to this water change the boiling point? Is there any point at which adding more salt doesn’t affect the boiling point? How is this related to freezing do you think? What does your research indicate is happening here? PRINT NAME:______40. aa MUSIC/SOUND: Can you make a guitar ring like a bell? Do an experiment to locate and explain all the locations of the various harmonics on a fret board. Relate these locations to string length and wave length/movement. To identify the locations of harmonics on an acoustic guitar and relate them to guitar string lengths. If you are using an adult-sized guitar, your hands might be too small to wrap around the neck and play harmonics easily. An adult helper can help you by playing the harmonics while you listen and make all the observations. PRINT NAME:______41. aa PHYSICS/CHEMISTRY ElectroMagnets -Does the number of turns of wire in an electromagnet affect its strength? The purpose of this experiment was to find out if the number of wire wraps will effect the amount of iron filings an electromagnet picks up? PRINT NAME:______42. aa PHYSICS/EARTH: Does the conductivity of soil affect plant growth? For this science fair project, the independent variable is the type of soil used – sand, clay, loam and loam mixed with fertilizer. The dependent variable is the conductivity of the soil. This is determined by SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 4 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing measuring the current conducted in the soil. The constants (control variables) are the amount of soil in the beaker, the amount of water added, the temperature of the environment (which will remain at room temperature), the battery voltage and the distance between the electrodes. PRINT NAME:______43. aa PHYSICS/EARTH: Iron filings align themselves in strong magnetic fields. This reveals the shape of the field patterns. A similar thing happens with the electric fields created by high voltage and by "static electricity." If small fibers are exposed to a very strong electric or magnetic field, they will align with the field and make it visible. PRINT NAME:______44. aa PHYSICS: Balloon Acoustics: Why Do Balloons Make a Loud Noise When They Pop? The objective was to find out why balloons make a loud noise when they pop. Does it make a difference what type of balloon it is or how full it is or what gas it is filled with? Will any of those variables change the sound? You must actually measure the sound scientifically – many apps will allow you to do this. Collect enough data samples to identify between the ideas of what creates the noise (such as: gas expanding rapidly after a balloon pop, or latex ripping or snapping faster than the speed of sound.) Research balloons and their applications and determine if there are other variables at play. PRINT NAME:______45. aa PHYSICS: Does crossed hand/eye dominance affect basketball shooting percentage? Everyone's used to the idea that people are either right-handed or left-handed for particular tasks. That is, one hand is preferred (or dominant) over the other for a particular task. Did you know that people also have a dominant eye? This project is designed to look for consequences of having the dominant hand and eye on the same side of the body (uncrossed) vs. having the dominant hand and eye on opposite sides of the body (crossed). The goal of this project is to determine whether crossed hand/eye dominance helps or hurts when shooting basketball free throws PRINT NAME:______46. aa PHYSICS: How will different types of gases affect balloon rocket speed and distance? Will a lighter or less dense gas make a rocket faster than a heavier gas? Which will make a balloon rocket go further: CO2, helium, atmospheric air, difluoroethane etc. Research and design balloon rocket and create a string guide to make it go straight. Inflate the balloons inflated with the different gases and then high speed video and measure the distance result. Repeat several times for at least four types of gasses. PRINT NAME:______47. aa PRODUCT SCIENCE: How much metal leaches out of cooking pans into food products? The objective was to test different types of metal cooking pots to determine which one would leach the most amounts of metal in a 25% citric acid solution boiled for 30 minutes testing Cast iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and nonstick pots. 1.) Make citric acid solution; 2.) Boil 200 mL of the solution in each pot for 30 minutes; 3.) Place boiled solution samples into test tubes and add chemical indicators; 4.) Place test tubes with chemical indicators into the spectrophotometer; 5.) Compare results PRINT NAME:______48. aa PSYCHOLOGY: gender effects on short term memory. FIND 20+ subjects to study with half being boys and half being girls try to keep them similar in age and the more subjects the better your study will be. Create a grid of photographs including things that are commonly associated with girls and those commonly associated with boys. Each student will be given 15 seconds to study a set of photographs or pictures. When the photos are taken away they will be asked to name all the objects he or she can recall. It is believed that children will recall the objects that their culture traditionally associated with that gender (dolls for girls trains for boys etc) Tabulate and analyze your results to determine if this was true. Was there any variance in your data depending upon the heritage of the subjects you studied? Did you have any unusual outlier results? What do you think of this? PRINT NAME:______49. aa RELATIVE HUMIDITY: How does the relative humidity inside your home compare to that outside your home? Is it different in the hot season when you have air conditioning running versus the cold season when you have the heater running? What is your hypothesis? (RL Bonnet p 124) Create an experiment to compare and analyze. Use two thermometers – one reads ambient room temperature, the other you will affix a small medical gauze pad soaked in water to the bulb end of the thermometer and a string firmly affixed to the other end. You will swing this round your head 50 times and the evaporative effect will lower that temperature. Use a relative humidity table (p125) to convert these data to relative humidity. Compare and analyze PRINT NAME:______50. aa SENSES: Which sense is most accurate in discerning differences? Find 20 people to survey of similar age with no sensory impairment. Use samples of colors that are similar I hue and chroma and see how well people can identify the differences. You could also possibly use optical illusions and see how well people determine them. Then blindfold the subject and play a variety of similar sounds or tones and have them identify them or tell which is lower/higher. Do the same thing with sounds. Then place items into a bag and have the subjects reach in and identify them by feel. Which sense did your subjects use with the most accuracy? Did there appear to be any difference between gender results? You could extend this by comparing these results to someone who does have one sense impaired and relies more upon their other senses- did you find a difference then? PRINT NAME:______51. aa SOLAR POWER: How much energy do you think could be saved by utilizing the sun’s evaporative powers for drying out clothing? Make a hypothesis regarding the energy and cost savings and then crete an experiment to compare. Perhaps you could use a set of bath towels and run some through one method and then another set through the other and compare. Check with the power companies and they will share with you data they have on the electricity and washers/dryers usages in your area. Obtain information on the exact washer/dryers you are examining (your home and perhaps a friends) and research their manufacturers information on the Internet. How much energy is utilized and what is the cost savings? How do the different batches of towels compare? PRINT NAME:______52. aa SOLAR POWER: Is it true that wearing a black soccer jersey makes you hotter than wearing a white one? Make a hypothesis about this “wives tale” and then create an experiment to test it. Make sure to repeat the experiments on different days at different times of the day. Does it matter if it is high noon or not? What if the shirt is green or perhaps yellow? PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 5 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 53. aa SOUND: Design an experiment to test- do sound waves exist in a vacuum? Suspend an electronic bell within a jar from which the air can be removed with a plunger or vacuum device (science and hobby stories – cheap device- can also be home made easily) Do you hear bell when it ring? PRINT NAME:______54. aa SOUND: Does the sound of a fire truck actually change when it passes you? Set up an experiment to examine and measure the Doppler effect on sound to explain this phenomenon. PRINT NAME:______55. aa SOUND: Design and conduct an experiment to compare the conduction of sound through different materials such as water, metals, gases, wood, etc. What conducts sound the best? What is the worst? Why do you think this is? PRINT NAME:______56. aa SOUND: How does the distance from sound source affect the intensity of the sound? Test different types of noise and measure them at different distances from the source. Remember a decrease of 10dB means the intensity is 1/10th as great. Try double the distance, triple the distance. PRINT NAME:______57. aa SOUNDS/HEARING: How well can people identify sounds? Record a wide variety of sounds and then test people to see how many of them they are able to identify. Which sounds were the hardest for people to identify? Why do you think this is? Does it involve higher pitches or lower pitched sounds? PRINT NAME:______58. aa ZOOLOGY: Earthworm Survivability. This project will demonstrate earthworms growth in three different habitats; dry, moist, and wet. The objective of this experiment is to know if earthworms would have a more successful life by measuring average growth and mortality rates in habitats of dry soil, wet soil, or moist soil, (or perhaps different types of soil) and in turn answer the question of why earthworms surface when it rains. Earthworms are known as natures great recyclers. What kind of food do earthworms grow and reproduce in the best? Earthworms will be kept in garden waste and then another set in Kitchen waste. The amount of food consumed in each bin will be compared as well as the time required for consumption. Their lifespan, reproductive success and viability will all be examined and compared. REQUIRES A MONTH MIN OF DATA PRINT NAME:______59. aa ZOOLOGY: Chirping temperature gauges? To determine if cricket chirps can be used to predict the outdoor temperature. You must be in an area where you can hear crickets chirping, which they will only do if the temperature is between 55°F and 100°F. Requires a min of one month data collection. A cricket as a thermometer? Yes, that is right! In this science fair project, you will investigate how the chirps of these tiny creatures can do more than lull you to sleep—they can tell you the temperature! Record frequency and pitch and compare to the relative temperature in order to identify any patterns. PRINT NAME:______

60. AERODYNAMICS/ENGINEERING: Efficient Propeller Design! The goal of this project is to investigate how changes in chord length affect the efficiency of propellers. How does a helicopter generate enough lift to fly? How does a speedboat get moving fast enough to pull someone on water skis? Our objective was to see which design of winglet best prevents wingtip vortices and also the efficiency of planes by increasing lift and decreasing drag. You will need to make four (or more) different propellers, keeping the propeller radius and twist angle (pitch) constant, while systematically varying the chord length. Testing, attach a propeller securely to the shaft of the DC motor. Build (or use) a wind tunnel to measure the Bernoulli Effect on the designs. Depending on the materials used for the propeller, it could be taped on to the motor shaft, or drilled and press-fit. Calculate the average voltage reading from the measurements for each propeller and the standard deviation. graph of the voltage produced (y-axis) vs. chord length of the propeller (x-axis). Is there a systematic relationship? PRINT NAME: ______61. AERODYNAMICS/ENGINEERING: How low can you go!? The objective is to build a wind tunnel and test a variety of kite designs to see which flies best at low wind speeds. Flying kites is an excellent way to learn about aerodynamic forces. In this science fair project, you will build and test a variety of kite designs to see which flies best in low wind speeds. You will use an inexpensive anemometer to accurately measure the wind speed. Since you will be choosing which kites to build and test, the experimental procedure provides a general outline for the experiments, but there is a lot of opportunity for you to be creative with your kite designs. This is a "do-it- yourself" science fair project, because it's up to you to choose and build the different kinds of kites you wish to test. You will also design the experimental setup using a fan, which will require some creative problem-solving on your part PRINT NAME:______62. AERODYNAMICS/PHYSICS 3D Rocket Design Trials- Which shape rocket will have the best flight. Using a 3D printer print rockets with various lengths and widths and a variety of tail fin numbers/styles to determine which combination provided the longest linear flight. Know the mass to length ratios for each. Then go to an open space and launch each different design several times and high speed video/measure the resultant flight pattern. PRINT NAME:______63. AERODYNAMICS/PHYSICS The effect of follow-through. What is the difference in effect when motion is followed through during kicking, throwing, swinging at a ball versus stopping that motion at the precise moment of impact. Set up an experiment and record your results. PRINT NAME:______64. AERODYNAMICS/PHYSICS: Flight Characteristics - What actually controls flight movement? The objective of this project is to observe the flight characteristics of thrust, mass & speed of 2-Wing & 4-Wing radio controlled ornithopters (RC Kits) & to measure the effect of wing battens on these parameters. This project will use a propeller-driven model as a control. Which one do you think would create more thrust? The 2 or 4 wing? Does the material or wing construction make a difference? How does the mass figure into this since a 4 wing should have more mass? Develop and video tests to determine how the change in design affects the flight control of thrust, pitch and yaw. To test this a control model tested can be constructed from a kit, against a purchased/borrowed ornithopter (quadcopter types) models (which can also be purchased as an RC kit) for testing. (Lots of hobby shops have people racing quad copters who may be willing to run your “track” for you to video and time them as a test.) To take thrust measurements, the models were attached upside down to a long ¼" thick square dowel which was in turn attached to a scale. The rubber band was wound 50 times before being

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 6 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing released. A stopwatch started at the activation of the model was placed next to the scale while the two screens were filmed. To take mass measurements, the models were weighed several times & their masses were averaged. PRINT NAME:______65. AERODYNAMICS: Air Hockey! If you have an air hockey table, you know that the puck floats on a thin cushion of air when the table is turned on. With little friction, the puck can travel very fast. How much lift force is created by the air? Add small amounts of weight to the puck and see when it no longer floats to measure the lift force. How many air holes (on average) support the puck? How much force is generated by each air hole? Will a puck with a larger surface area, supported by more air holes (on average), support more weight in proportion to its area? (Remember to include the weight of the puck in the measurement.) Make your own test shapes by cutting thin cardboard or polystyrene sheet (from a hobby shop, or use old CD cases). Is lift generated if the puck has a rough surface? Tape sandpaper on one side of the puck, test, then flip it over as a control. What about other surfaces (different types of cloth, for example)? PRINT NAME:______66. AGRICULTURE/ENVIRONMENT: Developing sustainable agriculture. Select a specific farm or farm community in your state and determine present methods of pest management, fertilization, and water usage. Assess environmental impacts of these methods, and based upon your literature research, suggest changes that will be beneficial to both farmer and environment. Include cost and income analysis for the farmer and environmental impact for the state. (Cal Poly Pomona school of Ag has a study of sustainable Ag that could be very helpful and UCR Salinity Lab may be helpful too) PRINT NAME:______67. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Talking about going GREEN- Some grass clippings can be used as a source of energy. Grow three different types of grasses. Track the growth of each seedling type and then at 14 days or so, gently uproot the plant and rinse away the soil and take its mass, in order to determine which grass produces the most biomass and therefore will produce the most energy. (FYI grasses encompass more types of plants than you might think such as: oats, rye, corn, cornstalks, bamboo, etc) Which one showed the best potential for use as a source of energy? PRINT NAME:______68. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Determine if a specific biofuel outputs the same amount of energy as the equivalent amount of common commercial fuel. MUST HAVE PARENT SUPERVISION. Obtain two different fuels and using a test wick set up under a beaker of water, time the amount of time it took the fuel to burn off, and the change in temperature of the water. Compare and analyze the results between that of the biofuel and the standard fossil fuel. Be sure to repeat the exercise several times and take an average for accuracy. How did they compare? Was the biofuel equivalent in energy output to the fossil fuel? Combo/Adapt: From Trash to BioMass. Comparing the amount of biofuel that is available from different types of biomass. As we talk about recycling materials to replace our non-renewable fossil fuels we need to analyze what is the best option. Questions like, what is the most easily obtainable? What is the most cost efficient? And what produces the most fuel? So here you will explore what kinds of biomass make the best fuel sources. Fill up empty soda bottles with different types of biomass such as manure, uncooked vegetable peels, old bananas, grass clippings, pine needles, etc) seal each bottle with a balloon and measure the inflation of the balloons over several days to see which type of biomass creates the most biogas. Research how much of that raw material is available in your area, and then in our country. How does that compare with the demand for fuel? What would be the differential? PRINT NAME:______69. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Remember that solar powered grasshopper Mrs Harrison sold at the Hawk Store last Spring?! PROJECT: Determine how the varying amount of light falling on the Grasshopper’s solar panel affects its level of movement. The bug is solar driven and thus the robot demonstrates how energy can be used in different forms. Test him (or similar solar toy) with a light bulb and in direct sunlight and then put him on a sheet of graph paper and observe the results. Record and analyze. How did the wattage of the light you use affect the grasshopper? What could you do to improve this? How is this related to the way a homeowner might utilize solar power? Build a solar model (Something driven by solar power) and then test its operation under different light sources. (example solar car, solar drum, solar fountain, solar boat) Explain its operation and analyze the differences under different light sources. Correlate this to the use of solar energy on a space shuttle or the Hubble telescope. PRINT NAME:______70. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Warm up Cool Down! To build a geothermal heat pump (use a pool pump) and use it to increase the temperature of water. Have you ever been so cold sitting in your house in the winter that you feel icicles could grow off your nose and your feet could turn into blocks of ice? Or have you ever been so hot in your house in the summer that sweat just drips off you? Making yourself comfortable can mean turning on the heater or the air conditioner—but that costs money. Still, being cozy or cool doesn't have to cost a lot of money if you use a geothermal heat pump. In this project you will build a model geothermal heat pump and use it to gradually increase the temperature of water. PRINT NAME:______71. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY What electric bills tell us about energy usage! To do this project you will have to collect sample monthly electric bills from at least 30 different households, along with the number of people living in the household. The goal of this project is to estimate consequences from household electricity use using data from a survey of electric bills combined with information about electricity production. This project is a great way to "bring home" the concept of energy use. All you need to get started is a good-sized sample of monthly electric bills from households in your area. Building from this simple beginning, you can ask questions that can take you in many different directions. For example: How much electricity does the "average" person in your area use per month? How much does electricity use vary among different families? PRINT NAME:______72. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Which common automotive alternative fuel is the most efficient in cost and energy output? Research the alternative fuels market and choose at least three to compare to the current fossil fuel gasoline used at the pump. Which would be the best alternative in both energy efficiency – it has the most closely aligned energy/caloric output to fossil fuel and cost to employ. Use graphs and charts to show your analysis and comparative data. What would you choose if the decision was yours today and why? What would need to be changed if you enacted that decision? How would it affect car manufacturers? Gasoline stations? Diesel trucking companies? PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 7 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 73. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Biofuels- make some homemade biomass briquettes (for example from banana peels) and then compare water temperature heated over a fire of these briquettes versus regular charcoal briquettes comparing time and temperature. Research biofuels and what people are doing with them now, in order to decide upon your biofuel choice(s) you may elect to compare more than one option to determine what would be the best choice. What are the possible short-comings of this fuel source? What are the cost and availability issues? Are there other new pollutions issues uncovered? What is your final recommendation? Can an average family of four support it’s home fuel needs converting organic garbage into alcohol fuel? We seem to have plenty of trash – could we use it to replace our non-renewable fossil fuel issues? Research composting and biofuels first. Then collect your family’s organic garbage for a week. Compare it to the amount and types your research indicated was needed to create a gallon of fuel at say 50% alcohol. Look up the statistics from the California Energy Commission on biofuels and calculate how much of that would be needed to meet the energy requirements for an average family of four. How much fuel could your organic trash have created if you had been able to distill it properly? How long would that have powered your household? You could expand this to include some other families and comparative data for a more complete analysis. PRINT NAME:______74. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Solar project- more in depth- investigate if and how much the incorporation of a motorized solar tracking system would improve the solar panel efficiency enabling the homeowner to reduce their overall system cost due to now requiring less panels. Since each panel here could rock, it would theoretically receive more sunlight each day, enabling it to produce more energy each day and reduce the initial capital outlay that inhibits most homeowners from staring into solar energy right now. Again, looking into the solar energy groups and CA energy commission and local colleges would be helpful. Many folks are working on these projects right now – very popular area. Combine/Adapt: Research any of a variety of methods for improving the solar performance and analyze and compare it to current commercial cells and/or costs. Examples: use of energy concentrators for solar battery charters which reduce the cost by reducing required area of solar cells; or using water as a coolant to increase solar panel efficiency; using v-grooved solar cells and mirror arrangements for efficiency enhancements; comparing a home made solar cell against a commercial cell for efficiency and output; testing various materials for use in the solar panel to absorb and conduct heat; -- do some research on solar energy and find some more things to investigate!! For this years science project I will be comparing two energy sources. Solar energy and methane gas energy. The title is, "Which Energy Source is Superior". I will be making a methane gas bio digester and using a solar panel to compare which has the best energy production. OR: Improving Residential Solar Panel Efficiency in a Drought: Cleaning Solar Panels without Water or Manpower Despite a non-drought year in 2016-2017, during the summer months in the Central Valley dry dusty conditions in the surrounding agricultural areas and poor air quality with high particulate and ozone levels will lead to a buildup of material on solar panels, reducing their efficiency. Even if water restrictions are lifted, water is still a valuable resource and valley residents need a cost effective way to remove dust and dirt from their solar panels without using water.The goal of this project was to design and build a cost-effective robot that would clean residential solar panels without the use of water or manpower. Year Two of the project focused on continued redesign and testing of prototypes to achieve the goal. Robot prototypes were designed and built using Arduino microcontroller and Actobotics robot components. Each prototype was tested for effectiveness at driving straight and turning on a solar panel placed at an increasing angles (0-40 degrees). The ultrasonic sensor provided distance feedback to keep the robot from running off the edge of the solar panel. Prototypes were programmed to be autonomous or remotely controlled with either Bluetooth or radio frequency technology. Initial testing was completed to test improvement in solar panel power output.PRINT NAME:______75. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Biomass Gas With increasing concerns about clean energy sources, clean water supplies and degraded farmland soils, recycling biomass waste products through the process of gasification may be a perfect solution to all of these environmental concerns. Inspired by my family's search for a clean and economical way to dispose of the wood waste from their manufacturing business, my first science fair project in 2015 compared combustion temperatures in varying density hardwoods and softwoods. In previous project compared the British Thermal Units released by different types of wood waste at a conventional biomass power plant. This year included gasification, which is a carbon-neutral process that creates syngas (synthesis gas) and biochar (carbon byproduct) from biomass waste products. Syngas can be converted into energy and biochar has many uses such as water filtration and soil amendment. I tested different types of biomass to compare the amount of biochar output from each product. I worked with a local energy plant, and a manager with experience in gasification, to test different biomass waste products to determine which produced the most biochar in weight per hour. I utilized 4 different types of biomass - peach pits, oak chips, soft wood waste (pallet stock), and walnut shells to see which had the hottest combustion temperature PRINT NAME:______76. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Can a Bicycle Generate Electricity? I wanted to see if I pedaled a bicycle powered generator if it would produce enough electricity to power small electronics and appliances. If successful, this would prove to be an alternative source of energy. A bicycle was put on a stand, and a motor (generator) was rigged to the bicycle (this will charge a 12 volt battery). An inverter was added to convert the battery's DC current to AC current. This was needed to power items that would normally plug into a wall outlet. A belt was attached to the pulley on the motor shaft and connected to the battery with wires. A diode was inserted between the motor and battery to insure that the current flows in only one direction. The various items were plugged into the inverter to see if they would operate. PRINT NAME:______77. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Can ocean waves be used to generate electricity? Simulate an ocean current by passing water through a narrow opening in a tub with an aquarium filter pump. The simulated current will then turn an impeller, which is attached to a generator with a voltmeter which will determine how much electricity can be produced by 2 gal of wave driven water. PRINT NAME:______78. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Converting Dirt into Fuel Using Bacteria Scientists have been greatly plagued by the idea of dependence on nonrenewable resources and the resources# disappearance. In the last decade, they have increasingly researched on possible renewable resources to replace our dwindling supply of coal, oil, and other nonrenewable resources. The microbial fuel cell, which runs on tiny anaerobic bacteria that live almost everywhere around the globe in the topsoil layer, is a fairly new research topic. Very few SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 8 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing scientists paid attention to it until recently. However, the ideas that it is based on date to earlier times. Scientists discovered the ideas, but people gave it little attention. It was largely forgotten. Now, though, microbial fuel cells, or MFCs, are thought to be important players in the future of our fuel and electricity. Use a fuel cell kit like the one from sciencebuddies.com PRINT NAME:______79. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Solar Power The objective of this experiment is to determine which natural dye is the most effective in allowing the dye-sensitized solar cell to capture light energy. This determination will allow scientists who construct dye-sensitized solar cells to be aware of the ideal natural dye, and maximize the potential of their cell. In the last decade, dye-sensitized cells have been exposed to lots of attention due to their unorthodox yet effective way of obtaining light energy. Due to the fact that these types of cells are increasingly popular today, the natural dye chosen in extremely important in maximizing the cell#s performance. In this experiment, I constructed five different solar cells using the identical procedure, but changing the natural dye. The five dyes examined were the berry mix, which consisted of raspberries, black, and strawberries, the onion skin solution, the hibiscus tea solvent, the turmeric powder solution, and the black tea solvent. After constructing the cells, I tested the voltage produced by each cell. By connecting the cell to the multimeter via an alligator clip, and exposing it to a strong light source, in my case a flood light, I was able to record the voltages produced by each cell. PRINT NAME:______80. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Urination Power- can human urine be used to generate energy The objective of this study is to measure the affect of human urine on the energy output of a microbial fuel cell. Microbial fuel cells were constructed using fuel cell vessels, soil, anodes, cathodes, hacker boards, capacitors, and LEDs. Human urine was added in varied quantities to the fuel cells. The energy output of each fuel cell was measured using a multimeter and seven resistors in several trials both before and after adding the urine. PRINT NAME:______81. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY:: Wind Power: Does the Number of Blades on a Wind Turbine Affect Energy Produced? What is optimal number of blades, length of blade or blade angle on a pinwheel style wind turbine to produce maximum energy measured in volts. Using different plastic pinwheel designs and a wind turbine kit (such as a Lego Mindstorm kit) attach pinwheels to and to accurately record voltage produced. Build some sort of wind tunnel using a standing fan to create a constant source of wind for pinwheels.Analyze and compare results. PRINT NAME:______82. ALTERNATIVE ENRGY This project is based on a solar cooker for camping/survival. There are various designs from boxes to octagons. The different designs will be compared for their efficiency in boiling an egg and cooking a hot dog. PRINT NAME:______83. ANATOMY/GENETICS: Do people inherit the pattern of their fingerprints from their same sex parent? A grandparent, parent andchild’s fingerprints will be compared for similarity under a microscope and then contrasted against random samples taken from other non- related same –sex persons to determine if there is any increased similarity due to familial inheritance. PRINT NAME:______84. ANATOMY/PHYSIOLOGY: Will different types of music have different effects on a listener’s pulse rate? Is classical really more soothing than hard rock? Several types of music will be trialed on ten different people and their pulse rates will be monitored and recorded for any noticeable change. PRINT NAME:______85. APPLIED MECHANICS: Can You Hear It Now? The Comparison Between Dynamic Driver and Bone Conduction Headphones The objective of the project was to differentiate the operation and sound quality of bone conduction and dynamic driver headphones The following materials were from Adafruit Industries: MAX9806 Class D 3.7w Stereo Amplifier, 8 ohm 1 Watt Bone Conduction transducers, 3.7w 150 man Li-Ion battery. The following materials are from Apple Inc.: audio source, dynamic driver earbud headphones. The materials from Adafruit Industries were used to construct bone conduction headphones, which were compared, in operation, to the dynamic driver earbud headphones from Apple. To test the operation of both headphones, 75 subjects were brought in to listen to each headphones type and answer a survey based on the experience. PRINT NAME:______86. APPLIED MECHANICS: Crank It Up! Finding the Optimal Crank Arm Length The purpose of this project was (a) to find out if using longer crank arms on my bicycle would allow me to ride faster and (b) to develop a computer-based system, model, and analysis to determine an optimal crank arm length. My hypothesis was: if I extend the crank arms on my bicycle by 1.5%, then I will increase my peak power output by 35% and achieve much higher speed. PRINT NAME:______87. APPLIED MECHANICS: Game, Set, Match: An Electronic Shoe for Playing Tennis My objective was to see if I could create a Peltier tile cooling device that would reduce the temperature within a tennis shoe under simulated heat conditions compared to control. Need to: mathematically calculating the heat load my Peltier system might be expected to cool, testing the energy requirements and cooling performance of a Peltier tile, integrating into a tennis shoe a Peltier tile and a DC energy source, engineering a system for dissipating the heat the Peltier tile generates, testing the performance of my experimental model with different batteries against a control, and creating a digital model of the thermodynamics within my experimental model. PRINT NAME:______88. APPLIED MECHANICS: Improving Shock Absorbers The common shocks absorbers for vehicles use mechanical springs as cushion with air, fluid as damping. My goal is to design a shock absorber using only magnetic force as cushion as well as damping. This will make the design much simpler, cleaner, and smoother in operation compared to the traditional approach. Also, the goal is to investigate if this magnetic shock absorber concept could be used in applications involved in axial, lateral, tangential, or radial motion directions. For the scope of this project, the spring/shock absorbers were simply built using mechanical springs for cushion and air for damping. The passive neodymium magnets were used to build the magnetic shock absorbers. All structure components were built using plexiglas for visual inspection and the ease of fabrications. Testing fixtures were made to test magnet arrangement and performance in different designs either in axial, lateral, longitudinal, or radial motion direction to confirm the possibility of being able to make magnetic shock absorbers for these applications. PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 9 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 89. ASTRONOMY: Can Light Curves Determine the Outcome of a Supernova? The objective of this project is to determine if the light curve of a type 1A supernova compared to the light curve of a stellar mass black hole can help predict that the supernova will become a black hole. FITS file stacking and converting program (IRIS/DS9), photometry analysis program (Salsa J), LCO global telescope network, Windows 7 computer. I did not modify the three downloaded programs used to conduct my experiment. Converted, stacked, and analyzed FITS files of Gaia 16 bq1 (supernova) and 1118 Rosa (black hole) to produce two light curves for comparison. PRINT NAME:______90. ASTRONOMY: Deflecting an asteroid from Earth. Determine the equations derived from Newtonian mechanics that would be used to find the magnitude and direction of force needed to deflect an asteroid from the Earth’s path. What variables must be known? Suggest a hypothetical scenario to demonstrate your approach. Perhaps you could find or create a simple computer program to present the results of several possible scenarios. PRINT NAME:______91. ASTRONOMY: Measuring Earth’s Gravitational acceleration The goal of my science fair experiment is to measure some of the physical properties of our planet. In particular, I focused on measuring the Earth's gravitational acceleration. I constructed a pendulum to help me measuring the gravity acceleration and test my hypothesis which was, If I used a longer string then the pendulum would swing back and forth for a longer amount of time. I tested multiple string lengths with some weights. Using experiment results, apply the equation modeling the pendulum dynamics to calculate the gravity acceleration Be sure to use different values of weights, different lengths of the string and different displacements from the equilibrium and a digital scale to track the weight on pendulum. PRINT NAME ______92. BEHAVIORAL SCI/MUSIC: Classical music for cognitive tests? Does listening to classical music help or hinder concentration and performance on cognitive tasks? You'll need help from a teacher to design two short, age-appropriate worksheet tests for this experiment. The tests should be of equal difficulty. You'll also need the cooperation of several additional classroom teachers in order to test enough students BE SURE YOU INCLUDE ENOUGH PARTICIPANTS! Half the students will take test A while listening to classical music and test B with no background music. The other half of the students will take test B while listening to classical music and test A with no background music. Analyze the scores to see if there are differences in performance between the music and non-music conditions. You should also be able to show that the two tests are equally difficult under the same conditions (or use the averaged results to correct for any difference in difficulty between the two tests). (Ritblatt, 2004) Half the students will take test A while listening to classical music and test B with no background music. The other half of the students will take test B while listening to classical music and test A with no background music. Analyze the scores to see if there are differences in performance between the music and non-music conditions. You should also be able to show that the two tests are equally difficult under the same conditions (or use the averaged results to correct for any difference in difficulty between the two tests). (Ritblatt, 2004) ANOTHER IDEA: Study Jams: The Effect of Words in Music on Reading Comprehension The objective of this study is to determine the effect of music, including the presence of words in music, on reading comprehension in high school students. Methods 3 short reading comprehension quizzes of similar difficulty, 30 test subjects (high school students), 2 audio files. 3 quiz trials per test subject -- each tested while listening to music without words, music with words, or no music. Time per quiz determined by length of audio file (4 minutes) or 4 minute timer for trial without music. Grade quiz questions to measure comprehension. PRINT NAME: ______93. BEHAVIORAL SCI/MUSIC: Relative pitch study? May need help from Music Teacher!! The purpose of this project is to determine what percentage of the population can sing on pitch, and whether singing on pitch depends on the age, sex, or musical background of the subjects. Make two recordings of the 3-note test sequence which your volunteers will sing. One recording will be for high voices, the other recording will be for low voices. if obtaining recording and playback equipment is problematic, you can dispense with the recording and simply play the appropriate note sequence on a piano for each volunteer The chromatic tuner displays the frequency (pitch) of the note being sung and shows the deviation direction (flat or sharp) if the note is sung off-pitch. Practice using the chromatic tuner before your study begins. Play note sequence corresponding to vocal range of volunteer. Have them sing each note. Play them a second time have subject sing each note and use chromatic tuner to determine if they were on pitch or not. Record if volunteer is on pitch, flat or sharp each note and by how much. Ask volunteer of they thought they were on itch and record answer. Analyze: percentage of each group sang all three notes on pitch? percentage of each group knew whether they were on pitch or not? Was singing flat more common? Was there a difference based on gender, age, or years of music experience? ALTERNATIVE: Do violin students have better relative pitch than piano students? Since the violin requires the player to choose the correct location to stop the string in order to sound the proper note, you might think that violin players would, as a result of practice, have better ear training than piano students. On the other hand, you could argue the opposite viewpoint, since piano students would have the benefit of hearing correct intervals (assuming that the piano is in tune). Which hypothesis do you think is correct? To investigate, make recordings of different pairs of notes, played sequentially, with a brief pause in between. Randomize the order of the note pairs and include at least three examples of each interval that you test. Recruit volunteers to take a relative pitch test. One third of your volunteers should be violinists, one third pianists, and one third non-musicians. Test the volunteers individually. After listening to each note pair, each subject should report whether the second note was higher, lower, or the same as the first note. You may also want to see if your test subjects can identify the interval (this is much harder). Analyze the scores for each group PRINT NAME: ______94. BEHAVIORAL SCI/MUSIC: Upbeat work? Walk into a fitness club and what kind of music do you hear? Slow, sparkling, relaxing music? Or driving, "up-tempo" songs that are designed to encourage you to move? Fitness clubs and other businesses, like restaurants and grocery stores, use background music to set the mood and to determine how fast they want their customers to move. The tempo of the background music is a key component to the environment that businesses want to create. Tempo is an important number or word inscribed by a composer at the start of a piece of music to tell the players how fast the piece is to be played. Direction for the tempo in

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 10 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing modern music is typically given in beats per minute, or bpm, while classical music pieces from centuries ago typically have their tempos written in Italian words, like adagio (66–76 bpm), allegro (120–168 bpm), or the very fast presto (168–200 bpm). In this music science fair project, you'll investigate the tempo of music at different types of businesses You'll first need to practice taking the beat of different songs. Start by playing a song and tapping or clapping out the beat for 10 seconds, and then multiplying by 6 to get the beats per minute for the song. Once you feel comfortable measuring the tempo of a piece of music, then you'll need to go to many different types of businesses to collect your data You can measure and record the beat while you're in the business, or record the music in the businesses, and evaluate them at home later You can look at and compare the average beats per minute for stores like: general grocery stores, specialty high-end food stores, men's department stores, women's department stores, toy stores, fast-food restaurants, fine dining restaurants, gyms, shoe stores, sporting goods stores, car showrooms, and malls PRINT NAME: ______95. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE Effect of sleep on concentration and memory. Select a group to participate in a study relating sleep and ability to concentrate and memorize. Ask each person to record the number of hours slept the night before, then ask them to memorize a list of numbers, words or phrases and perform some arithmetic calculations. Record both the time each participant requires to complete calculations and accuracy of the results. Be sure to include repeated tests to ensure accuracy of results. Is there a relationship between sleep and performance? You could also include persons from different generations to determine whether age makes one more or less sleep dependent. PRINT NAME:______96. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE If food coloring is added to a clear soda, will people in a taste test have a preference based upon the coloring utilized even if the coloring has no flavor difference? The colors green, blue, red and brown will be added to a clear soda. Then people will be questioned to see if they had a preference for one of the sodas over another. The only difference would be in the coloration. Thus if there is a preference it should be for the color and not the actual taste even if respondents indicate a taste preference. PRINT NAME: ______97. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE In your right mind? Test volunteers to see if their bodies are left-dominant or right-dominant. Did you know that our brains are split into two parts, right inside our head? One half is the left brain and the other half is the right brain. Some people use one half of the brain more than the other half when they are doing certain activities, like talking or reading. The half that is used is sometimes tied to which hand they prefer to use. If someone likes to use their right hand when doing an activity, like drawing or throwing a ball, do they also prefer to use their right ear, eye, or foot when hearing, seeing, or kicking something? Which side do people use the most? PRINT NAME: ______98. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE Map Quest The goal of this project is to compare how accurately people make comparisons of areas using a map vs. a bar graph Graphical methods of data presentation are a key feature of scientific communication. This project asks the question, "What's the best way to compare the land area of states: a map or a bar graph?" You'll be measuring performance on two different visual discrimination tasks: comparison of areas vs. comparison of position on a common scale. Which method is more accurate? Which method is faster? This project will get you thinking about how to find the best way to communicate scientific information PRINT NAME:______99. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE Scoop on Stroop In this experiment you will test if the Stroop Effect is stronger in kids of reading age compared to kids that can't read yet. Do you like to read? Did you know that most people read without even thinking about it? Find out in this experiment how a simple reading/color test called the Stroop Effect can show you how your brain works. Specialty items (Nintendo DS™ and Brain Age™ game cartridge) PRINT NAME:______100. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE Think Fast!? Comparing human reaction time to sound versus light stimuli. To figure out if people react faster to sight or sound. When someone yells, "Think fast!" and throws you a ball, are you able to catch it? When the bell rings at the end of class, are you the first one out of your seat? Can you make it through a sudden hairpin turn in a video game without crashing? If so, then you likely have quick reaction times. Using one of the various software applications available that tests reaction time to stimuli (Such as: backyard brains reaction timer or Exploratorium online reaction test games) Have 20 subjects tested with this process computer programs will record each reaction time that the computer program automatically displays (in thousandths of a second) after the mouse is clicked. Track and compare the data – be sure to identify sub groups within your sample (girls vs boys; adults vs children) PRINT NAME:______101. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE/MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: How does music affect animals. Two bird subjects are subjected to several genres of music and their activity levels will be logged to look for any change in behavior, eating and urinary patterns and chirping activity. MUST USE CAREFUL DATA CAPTURE AND ANALYSIS PRINT NAME: ______102. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: Delayed Gratification To learn about the human behavior called delay of gratification, and to determine how delayed gratification depends on gender and attention. Have you ever thought to yourself, "I have got to have that new video game right now?" Or maybe there's a new shirt at the store that you just have to have. So you rush home, break into your bank, and gather all of your money, even though you have been saving to buy your mom a gift. But wait! Maybe if you do a few more chores and save for just a few more days, you can gather enough money to buy your mom a gift and buy what you want. This behavior is called delayed gratification and it's what this human behavior science fair project is all about. Learn more about delayed gratification and how rewards and attention affect the amount of delay. Need access to young school children and video/digital camera PRINT NAME:______103. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: Effect of families and background on the use of corporal punishment. Does the use of spanking depend on the generation a parent was born to? It seems that grandparents were a lot more apt to spank than today’s parents. Is there a difference between the different cultures who spanks and who doesn’t? Conduct a survey of the frequency of spanking of children by members of both your parents and grandparents generations. Extend this to include friends from different backgrounds as well (be sure to approach

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 11 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing the topic gently so no one feels they are being judged- either choice is well founded) Does the use of corporal punishment run in families or is it ore dependent upon the generation the person came from? PRINT NAME:______104. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: Human Lie- Detector? To detect changes in the brain when a person is telling the truth and when a person is lying. Have you ever watched a great sports player and imitated his or her moves over and over again? Or have you ever felt really bad when someone got hurt or things just weren't going his or her way? If so, you might be surprised to learn that you have been practicing skills closely tied to lying! In this science fair project, you'll discover how your brain gets a workout when it moves from truth-telling to lying, and how you can detect the shift. That's no lie! Have the volunteer extend his or her arm straight out in front, palm facing down. Extend your arm and place your hand, palm down, over the volunteer's hand. Apply steady, constant pressure. It is not necessary to force it all the way down if you cannot. You are just trying to get a sense of the resistance Then have volunteer make statements you know are true and several you know are false. Look for any difference in resistance Look at the observed arm resistances for each volunteer did you find any trends? Could you use these trends to detect a lie? PRINT NAME:______105. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: Moon on my mind? In this human biology science fair project, you will investigate Emmert's law, which is the basis for the full moon illusion. Have you ever noticed how the moon appears bigger at the horizon, just as it is rising over the treetops, than it does later in the evening when it is overhead? Actually, the size of the moon does not change, but our perception of its size changes based on where it is in the sky. In this human biology science fair project, you will investigate Emmert's law, which explains the full moon illusion. You will estimate the size of the perceived increase in the size of the moon at the horizon PRINT NAME:______106. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCEWhat method do people find the most successful for quitting smoking? A survey will be taken of people who have been smokers and have tried different methods to quit the habit. (good idea- survey older people at retirement facilities) PRINT NAME:______107. BIOCHEMISTRY: How Does pH Affect Glucose Production When Lactase Is Added to Lactose? The purpose of this project is to see if there is a way for people who are lactose intolerant to better digest milk with the help of lactase. Pre-test your experiment to make sure that regardless of the amount of lactase added it creates the same amount of glucose. Measure #÷ of a cup of additive into 5 different cups. Test the pH of the additive and make sure it matches the pH known for the substance. Add #ö cup of milk to each of the cups. Test the pH of the milk and additive mixture. Test the glucose level to make sure that no glucose had been created by the additive. If the glucose result is a zero and the pH is at an appropriate level, add one crushed lactase tablet into every cup at the same time. Stir each glass once a minute for eight minutes. At the end of eight minutes, use glucose test strips to find the amount of glucose present in each of your 5 glasses of milk. Record and analyze data. Repeat this procedure with every additive: lemon juice, soda (Coke), tomato juice, black coffee, water, egg, baking soda, Milk Of Magnesia. PRINT NAME:______108. BIOCHEMISTRY: Testing the Effect of Marinade Acidity on Beef The objective of this study is to determine whether varying the level of acidity in a steak marinade will affect the tenderness of a boneless beef steak. Two marinades (one with 1/2 the amount of acid to oil and one with the same amount of acid to oil), pH probe, beef samples, Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Machine, and a 1/2 inch corer. The meat was marinated and cooked, then cored and placed in the Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Machine for testing. This machine replicates the bite force needed to bite through a piece of steak PRINT NAME:______109. BIOCHEMISTRY: Are your clams safe to eat? Obtain 60 clams from local fish markets that have not yet been purified (attempt to get them from different regions if possible in order to compare different geographical areas) Be sure to label which area they are from not which store they were purchased at. Sterilize all equipment with boiling water. Steam 3 of the clams as the control in a sterile pan, then open them with sterile knife and blend their contents for 90 seconds. Using sterile applicator streak that blend onto TSA petri dish (at science supply online) and incubate (keep constant temp) for 24 hours. Photograph and mark as control. Now take the other half of the clams (one group at a time) and using sterile knife open them and in their raw state blend them up. (Pour boiling water through blender in between to sterilize it too) Using sterile applicator streak that blend onto TSA petri dish and incubate (keep constant temp) for 24 hours. Compare results form each group as a whole to the control (ones you steamed first) identify types of bacteria present and levels at which they can be safely consumed. Was all the bacteria found harmful? How did it compare from the different markets? PRINT NAME:______110. BIOCHEMISTRY: Common Cold Remedies- Are they helpful? You will need the nasal washings of a person afflicted with a viral/bacterial cold USE PRECAUTIONS to prevent spreading the cold. These nasal washings will be streaked onto 6 different petri dishes tryptic soy agar (TSA) with 5% sheep blood (inexpensive and available at science supplies online). 5 will be covered with sterile filter paper disks individually soaked in different old remedy solutions (available at target or walmart or grocery but be sure to label them and research manufacturers!) The dishes will be covered inverted and placed in an incubator (place kept at constant warmth) for 48 hours this will be the experimental group the remaining dish will not be covered with a fliter disk but will receive the rest of the treatment the same way. Then after 48 hours remove dishes and compare the effects of each cold remedy to the control Do a gram’s stay to determine whether bacteria was gram positive or gram negative cocci or bacilli. (may utilize 2nd test with CNA or MacConkey petri and all petri can be purchased inexpensively at science supply stores online) What bacteria was present? Did any of the remedies have an affect on the bacterial? Which was most effective? How is this information important to people and doctors? PRINT NAME:______111. BIOCHEMISTRY: Comparing the Ethanol Yields of Plant-Derived Sugars The objective of this study was to compare the amount of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) distilled from fermented solutions of granulated sugars derived from plants. Equal amounts of granulated plant- derived (sugarcane, sugar beet, sugar maples) sugars, dried Brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) microbes, rubber latex balloons, distilled water, gram scale, and a traditional distillation apparatus with ring stand were used in this experiment. Solutions containing water and each granulated sugar were fermented in a glass bottle with balloon as an airlock. The solutions were distilled to separate out the pure ethyl alcohol. PRINT NAME:______SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 12 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 112. BIOCHEMISTRY: Determining aluminum intake. Elevated concentrations of aluminum have been detected in the brains of Alzheimer patients and thus the CDC is now looking into the amount of aluminum in our foods. Research literature on dietary sources of aluminum in order to estimate daily intake for an average American. Use a food log to track your specific intake with that research literature. You can also measure concentrations in food with a chemical test kit available from EM science- this will tell you if aluminum is in the same chemical form in soda versus vegetables. You could determine if more aluminum leaches from the surface of an aluminum can when left open and therefore exposed to the air. Or when Fluoride ions are present or at lower pH values. (since soda is a big culprit). PRINT NAME:______113. BIOCHEMISTRY: Does certain footwear promote bacteria? Test a variety of footwear from10 different people to determine whether significant amounts of bacteria grew during the time they were worn using TSA petri dishes and incubation (keeping at constant temp). The type of bacteria will be identified as gram positive or gram negative via stain kits and the kind of footwear that provided the most ideal conditions for the various bacteria to grow will be determined. A second round of testing may be done with CNA and MacConkey petri dishes. (all petri can be purchased inexpensively from science supply online) JBochinski p133.PRINT NAME:______114. BIOCHEMISTRY: Does the Presence of Food in the Stomach Affect Iron Absorption Rate? (you can adapt this for absorption of various elements as well) The objective of this study is to determine whether or not the presence of food in the stomach affects iron absorption (and iron absorption rate). Three solutions: Distilled water (control), vinegar-water dilution (model for full stomach), vinegar (model for empty stomach). pH was tested to accurately model stomach environments. 30 trials conducted. For each trial, add two iron reagents (from LaMotte Company)and then ½ teaspoon of broccoli into 10 mL of each solution. Record time it took to reach 0.5, 1, and 2 parts per million (ppm) of iron. PRINT NAME:______115. BIOCHEMISTRY: Effect of Cigarette smoking on sense of smell. Some studies have shown a loss in sense of smell as a result of smoking but there is much debate over this. Select two groups to study. One of people who have smoked for more than one year in their past. Another group of people with no smoking history. (you could also have a third group of people who still smoke if you know any) Try to find participants of similar age and if possible gender, too. Prepare solutions of a couple things with odor at different concentrations. (the greater the concentration the stronger the smell) After they smell it have them rank the level of intensity. If possible create this as a double blind study (once you make the solutions, cover up the bottles so you don’t even know which is which during the tests. Compare results and see if there is any difference in the sense of smell of those folks with a smoking history. (Is there a difference between men and women?) PRINT NAME:______116. BIOCHEMISTRY: Lead Exposure: It is well know that lead exposure can be very harmful and thus the CDC has been working to cut down on the exposure to lead. But it is very difficult to get rid of it entirely. Identify sources of lead exposure for you and your family. Such as inhalation of fumes in leaded fuels, drinking from lead pipes, etc. It can also accumulate within the soil. Compare with sources of lead exposure for your friends and their families. Research the lead exposure for people across different areas of the country. Are the differences greater between generations or between families? Measure concentrations of lead in your drinking water and in acidic beverage cans (soda and juices) with an ion-sensitive electrode or by using a lead test kit easily purchased at a chemical supply company. PRINT NAME:______117. BIOCHEMISTRY: Measuring Oral pH Changes. We all know that sugar causes cavities, but the reason this happens is because sugar causes a change in the pH of our mouths. Collect 20 people to participate in a study. Ask them to rinse with a series of glucose (sugar) solutions of varying concentrations. Collect samples of saliva before and aver they rinse and measure the pH with either a pH meter or pH indicator papers (both cheaply available online). These results will show whether the concentration of glucose influences the oral pH. Is there a threshold concentration below which there is no significant change? Is there a difference for different age or gendered subjects? Repeat the experiment using other sugars such as sucrose or fructose or even - high fructose corn syrup. Do they have the same results? Do people in the same families tend to have similar patterns of response? Do the foods the dentists asks you to avoid tend to have the same response? PRINT NAME:______118. BIOCHEMISTRY: Natural Antioxidant and Nano-Antioxidant Effects against Oxidative Stress The objective is to determine which natural and nano-antioxidant are the most efficacious in Saccharomyces cerevisiae against oxidative stress. The natural antioxidants studied were Catechins in Green Tea, Allicin in Garlic, Glutathione, and Vitamin C, and the nano-antioxidants were MitoQ, Carbon-60 (C60), and Gold Nanoparticles. I hypothesized that Green Tea is the best natural antioxidant due to its large resonance, and MitoQ is the best nano-antioxidant since it targets ROS at the mitochondria. The antioxidants were tested in 5 concentrations against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in yeast, (examing a range of amount nano-antioxidants) and were compared with 3 controls of yeast only, yeast and antioxidant, and yeast with hydrogen peroxide. The yeast optical density for each solution was measured using a handheld colorimeter from Hanna Instruments, before and after a 24 hour incubation period. A total of 3 trials were conducted for each antioxidant, where each trial consisted of these 8 solutions, and 5 samples of each. PRINT NAME:______119. BIOCHEMISTRY: The Molecular Mechanisms of Regenerating Cartilage to Reduce Chronic Pain: Phenol-Glucose-Glycerin Upregulates FGF-2 To study the molecular mechanisms of cartilage regeneration. Specifically, I am interested to model a medical treatment called prolotherapy, in which a physician injects a phenol, glucose, and glycerin compound (P2G) inside a joint to regenerate cartilage. Newly published and compelling clinical evidence demonstrates prolotherapy regenerates cartilage, so the medical research community is now very interested in figuring out the mechanism of action. My hypothesis is that P2G upregulates Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2) expression, leading to cell proliferation. I use a preosteoblastic murine in vitro model capable of assessing regeneration rates. To gather experimental data, I utilize quantitate Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). I use Microsoft Excel 2013 to compute t-tests and consider a p-value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. PRINT NAME:______120. BIOCHEMISTRY: The P-Trap actually a bacteria trap? Investigate if the p-trap (u shaped pipe under the sink) is conducive for growth of bacteria that could be harmful to humans and what products can be used to prevent bacterial growth here. Sterilze a loop designed to SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 13 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing reach down into the drain and into the p-trap by passing it through the flame of a match (Get an ADULT to help you here) Remove sink drain plug and lower loop into sink and down into p-trap for 15 seconds. Pull it back out and streak onto TSA petri dish (available at science supplies online) and incubate (keep at constant temp) for 48 hours. Make gram stains to identify the bacteria. You may also use different solutions to make it easier to view under microscopes. Repeat process and add a sterile filter paper (also available at science supply and medical supply) held with tweezers and dipped into various household cleaning substances and then placed over the stain on the petri dish prior to incubation. Compare and analyze results. Which cleaning agent appeared to work the best? Try comparing different sinks in the household- does one have more bacteria? Was the length of time that water stands in p-trap make a difference? Could you identify any type of bacteria? PRINT NAME:______121. BIOLOGY/ASTRONOMY: Have you seen the movie The Martian? A permanent Mars base is planned by 2025. The project objective was to determine out if there are any Exo-planets that could potentially support life Research the various effects on the body of weightlessness and the differences in weight and pressure between Earth’s surface and Mars. Three criteria tested the planet#s habitability. The criteria are the Habitability Zone Composition (HZC),Atmosphere (HZA) and Distance (HZD). The HZC predicts whether a planet is likely to have soil. TheHZA predicts whether a planet can hold an oxygen-based atmosphere. The HZD predicts whether the planet can hold liquid water based on the planet#s temperature. Data from the Exo-planet database was analyzed with the Habitability Zone criteria from the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo Planetary Habitability Laboratory to find planets that could potentially support life. So build your own laboratory example of the Mars ecosystem using that research data and any further data gleaned from Mars Explorations. Examine the differences in temperature and atmosphere. See what must be done to get vegetation to grow in your Mars habitat. Can you grow any food plants that might help a colony? How does growing in your Mars Habitat compare to your backyard garden? Suggest the health concerns that the engineers developing this base would need to consider and suggest possible design prevention approaches for these issues. PRINT NAME:______122. BIOLOGY/BOTANY: What attracts bees to flowers? In an area of with a high incidence of honey bees or to be safer, go to UCR’s Agriculture unit or to a local orange grover who has an apiary (hive of bees) Do some research on bees and pollination. Design a experiment to test what attracts bees first. In a fragrance test, select several flowers bees are known to pollinate, pulverize them in a food processor and strain with cheese cloth to collect residue, streak residue on poster board in separate circles. Monitor it to see which one attracts more bees in a set time frame of exposure. Repeat with 5in diameter circles of different colors glued onto another poster board. Repeat with various flavors smeared into different circles on another poster board. Then attempt with various combinations of the three (combine this with some of your research on the flower types and mechanisms). Record and analyze the bee’s reactions and selections. Predict which combination would make the most popular choice for the bees. PRINT NAME:______123. BIOLOGY/CHEMISTRY: What is the effect of an oil spill on an aquatic environment? Obtain several Elodea densa or similar aquatic plants and 5 glass fishbowls. The plants will be dived into 4 experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups will receive different concentrations of the #6 Heating Oil (representing fuel spill) while the control group receives no oil. The plants will be allowed to adjust to their environment before the oil is administered to avoid conflicting data. Record and compare reaction and appearance of plants through visual and microscopic observations. OR TRIAL 2: Saving the Oceans from Oil Spills: pH Edition These days, people are using methods that clean oil out of the ocean fast but cause more harm than good to the environment. Today, there is a huge problem with the ocean's acidification. So this project was made to test the effect of oil spills on the acidity of ocean water and which method would affect the pH levels the least and retain the most oil to reuse. Samples of ocean water and sand were collected and split into 11 different buckets. The pH was measured on the bottom right, left, and middle of each bucket before adding oil to the ocean water, after adding oil to the water, after 24 hours of the oil sitting in the water, after cleaning the oil, and 24 hours after cleaning the oil. There were three cleaning methods used: scooping the oil out manually with a spoon, adding Eco-friendly soap then scooping the out oil, and absorbing the oil from the surface with a reused, clean rag. Water and water and oil alone without cleaning were measured as a control factor throughout a number of days. PRINT NAME:______124. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY : Maggot Mass Temperature? The goal of this project is to determine if maggot mass temperature increases as the number of maggots in the mass is increased. This project requires an Investigator who is not squeamish, and who is able to secure parental support for a project involving primary decomposers. If you're looking for an experiment that will gross out just about everyone, you probably can't do much better than this! This project investigates an important question in the field of forensic entomology. Just make sure to get permission at home before you start. Disinfect containers with 5% bleach solution before disposal. Requires month preparation PRINT NAME: ______125. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY Ant Talk? To determine whether trail pheromones used by a specific breed of ants can communicate the quality of a food. source. Solutions varying in sugar concentrations were presented separately and simultaneously to a colony of Argentine Ants. In some trials the pheromone trails leading to the two solutions were switched. Photos of each food source were taken every 60 seconds. The numbers of ants were then counted and plotted over time. OR you could test several ways of “cleaning” the trail to see if it really disappears or can ants still find it. OR you could test to see if ants can tell the difference between real sugar and a variety of sugar substitutes. What foods attract them the fastest? PRINT NAME:______126. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY- Fruit Flies Investigation: Drosophila melanogaster, a small fruit fly, feeds and lives on fruit because of the high sugar content of most fruits. D. Melanogaster originated in Africa, about 10,000 years ago and began migrating north. This species of fly is related to the Musca domestica, common housefly. Fruit flies are one of the most studied organisms in biological research because they are easy to care for, breed quickly, and the females lay many eggs in a short period of time. Traits of the fruit fly are determined by factors such as temperature and several environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that temperature plays a vital role in gender development in fruit flies. Varying temperatures generally produce equal ratios of female to male while controlled temperatures produce higher ratios of males to females. We performed experiments to help determine the effects of temperatures on SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 14 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing gender in fruit fly development. GET HELP FROM UCR BIOLOGY DEPT! More Fruit Fly Madness: To determine whether trail pheromones used by a specific breed of ants can communicate the quality of a food. source. Solutions varying in sugar concentrations were presented separately and simultaneously to a colony of Argentine Ants. In some trials the pheromone trails leading to the two solutions were switched. Photos of each food source were taken every 60 seconds. The numbers of ants were then counted and plotted over time. PRINT NAME:______127. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY Glow in the dark clothes in nature? To determine if silk worm (Their behavior rand sil result can be manipulated to create a glow in the dark silk. Several batches of larva must be ordered. STAR EARLY Bombyx mori were fed different food materials with one of the experimental feeds containing a non-toxic glow in the dark dye and then the behaviors and spinning materials observed and analyzed. PRINT NAME:______128. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY: Does the plant type matter? The purpose of my experiment is to determine how different leaf species affect the abundance and diversity of aquatic insects that colonize them, and whether different leaf types affect the relative numbers of each functional feeding group represented in the population. I created 20 leaf packs using hardware cloth and filled each with 23 grams of dry alder, eucalyptus, maple, oak, or artificial nylon leaves (four leaf packs of each type). Next I placed one of each type of leaf pack at four sites After 25 days, I removed the leaf packs and analyzed each for aquatic insect abundance and diversity using a dissection microscope and an insect key. PRINT NAME:______129. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY: Make a better moth-trap. Determine if moths are equally attracted to different-colored lights. You're coming into the house after a game of flashlight tag with your friends, but the front porch light isn't even on for you to see the door knob! What gives? Maybe your parents know that turning a light on means moths will gather there, and they don't want you letting them inside when you open the door. You've probably noticed how moths are attracted to lights at night. They will even fly dangerously close to flames in their journey toward light. In this animal behavior science fair project, you will learn a theory about why this is, and investigate whether moths are equally attracted to different-colored lights. PRINT NAME: ______130. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY: Testing ant repellant. The goal of this project is to find an effective method for repelling ants that is safe for humans and the environment. Has your house ever suffered an ant invasion? This project is an interesting way to investigate what substances are effective as ant repellents. The goal is to find substances that keep ants away yet are safe for humans and the environment. (can expand to determine repellant with lower impact on environment) Example project: The red harvester ant, or Pogonomyrex Barbatus, is a common species of ant in the Southwestern United States, and are responsible for many infestation in homes, and in public places across the region. A chemical found naturally in plants, called farnesol, has been tested on the argentine ant, and have produced promising results. Our goal for our experiment was to see if this chemical would be effective against the red harvester, and to possibly apply it to real life situations. PRINT NAME:______131. BIOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY: You’re trying your best to enjoy an evening cookout, but a constant swarm of mosquitoes follows you from grill to poolside. The threat? A pierce to your skin, leaving behind an itchy red welt and possibly even a serious illness. As you swat madly at the pests, you notice that others seem completely unfazed. Could it be that mosquitoes prefer to bite some people over others? Do certain people get targeted by bugs more than others? Why? PRINT NAME: ______132. BIOLOGY/ENVIRONMENT: Measure air pollutants associated with different occupations to assess whether some workers are exposed to elevated levels. For example measure carbon monoxide in an enclosed parking garage, or in a commercial kitchen using a gas stove. Many air pollutants can be measured using color detector tubes with grab sampling which are available from SKC Inc and science supplies online. Be sure to make several measurements at different times of the day also take two or three measurements at each sampling to decrease experimental error associated with your results. PRINT NAME:______133. BIOLOGY/ENVIRONMENT: Radiation exposure in your locality. After watching the disaster in Japan, people have become a lot more aware of potential problems with radiation. There are sources of low level radiation around us all the time. Even computer monitors and microwaves, electrical wires, etc. are putting off radiation. Determine the various sources of radiation exposure for you and your family members or community throughout their lives. Estimate the amount of each exposure. Call your physician to inquire about radiation from chest x-rays and your dentist about dental x-rays. Compare your total exposure with maximum amounts recommended by the national institute of health. Compare your total or yearly exposure with that of your parents, classmates or other members of the community. Research the San Onofre nuclear power plant in San Diego or the Diablo Canyon plant in San Luis Obisbo. Research the amount of waste generated and the compositing of the wastes. Find out how they handle their waste products and calculate how long it would take for the radionuclides to disintegrate. Where are they presently being stored? What are the possible solutions for the storage problems? What is the height of their tsunami walls? What is their preparation for seismic safety, what magnitude earthquake are they prepared to withstand and what do they do in response to such an event? PRINT NAME:______134. BIOLOGY/ENVIRONMENT: Which classroom is the cleanest? Swab each of the door knobs (include boys and girls bathrooms) at the school, swipe each swab into its own identified TSA petri dish and incubate for 48 hours. You may need to stain them to identify and make it easier to view under a microscope. Complete a comparative analysis to identify the dirtiest and cleanest doorknobs on campus. What may account for the differences and what can be done to improve them? PRINT NAME:______135. BIOLOGY/ENVIRONMENT: Which restaurant tables (or utensils) are the cleanest? Visit at least five different restaurants (fast food or sit down but must have a table) Swab each of the table tops (and utensils) at the restaurant, swipe each swab into its own identified TSA petri dish and incubate for 48 hours. In order to be fair and have accurate results, you should attempt to swab three tables at each site to ensure you didn’t just catch one mistake. You may need to stain them to identify and make it easier to view under a microscope. Complete a comparative analysis to identify the dirtiest and cleanest restaurants. PRINT NAME:______136. BIOLOGY/ENVIRONMENT: Who’s hands are the cleanest? Ask permission first, but then as boys and girls exit the bathroom, swab each of their hands, swipe each swab into its own identified TSA petri dish and incubate for 48 hours. Label the petri with BOY and the SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 15 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing number in order or GIRL and the number in order and the date do not use names. You may need to stain them to identify and make it easier to view under a microscope. Complete a comparative analysis to identify who washes their hands more efficiently. PRINT NAME:______137. BIOLOGY/PHYSIOLOGY: Which athlete/sport has the best conditioning resulting in the strongest/healthiest heart? Several athletes from different sports will be tested for resting heart rate and then heart rate after running on a flat plane, up and incline and down an incline. Their heart rates will then be compared for the same exact stressors Examine five different exercises to see which increases heart rate the fastest and which one has the best recovery time for heart rate. PRINT NAME:______138. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY : Bigger the better? If you keep chickens (lucky you!), here's an interesting project you might want to try. The goal of this project is to determine whether feeding chickens a different dietary supplements canl result in larger and heavier eggs. IE: If peanuts do increase egg size, a secondary goal will be to determine the optimal amount of peanut supplement To do this project, you must keep chickens, and they must currently be laying. Do research to decide how much peanut supplement by weight you think would be best for each hen. Choose reasonable amounts for example 5, 10 and 20% of normal daily feed weight. Make sure you track which eggs came from which feed source and compare them for weight and circumference. PRINT NAME:______139. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY Are you in charge of feeding your family pet? How much food do you think your pet eats compared to other kinds of pets? After adjusting for your pet's body weight, you might be surprised how it will compare to other kinds of pets. What type of pet do you think will eat the most for its body weight? How closely related is the weight of an animal to how much it eats? How much do different species eat compared to each other? BE SURE TO USE A LARGE ENOUGH SAMPLE SIZE PRINT NAME: ______140. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY During winter, migratory ducks come to Sothern California (you may use any migrating animals) from as far away as Canada and Alaska. The purpose of my project was to observe territorial relationships and social interactions between duck species in a specific water site. With a declining number of some duck species, determining why ducks stay in certain areas is crucial. What factors are most important to getting the ducks to choose to stay in a specific habitat? Use materials like a range finder, hygro- thermometer, binoculars and visit a site with ducks at least twenty times. Create a log sheet with a list of duck behaviors to record your observations. PRINT NAME:______141. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY Flashlight Fish Turn on your Light - Flashlight fish are small, black fish with light emitting organs (photophores) under their eyes and have split dorsal fins. They are carnivorous & live in dark caves in the Indo-Pacific region about 1000ft down When doe flashlight fish light u p the most and what may cause it? Set up various trials with different stimuli and track the light PRINT NAME:______142. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY If you like to fish and you'd rather not be telling the story of "the one that got away," then this is a project for you. What combination of properties makes for the best fishing line? Here are some suggestions for getting started on your background research into fishing line properties: knot strength, abrasion strength, shock strength, tensile strength, limpness, controlled stretch, and desired range of visibility (Dodson, 2006). Choose the properties that you think are most important, and design experiments to test those properties for different types or brands of fishing line. Make sure that you understand how the different properties interact. For example, what are the consequences of low abrasion strength for tensile strength when the line rubs against a hard surface? How much does the type of knot you use matter for line strength? (Crockett, 2005) Does temperature affect line strength? COMBO/ADD: What bait/lure attracts trout the best (or any other native CA fish) Do a comparative study. Is this the best for all local fish types or just trout? PRINT NAME: ______143. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY In this animal behavior science fair project, identify grazing animals using Google Earth and determine if they have aligned themselves with Earth's magnetic field. We rely heavily on our senses to tell us about our environment. But in addition to the senses of touch, smell, taste, hearing, and sight, some animals are able tosense Earth's magnetic field. Migratory turtles and birds use this sense to guide them on long journeys. Homing pigeons use it to find their way home. New research suggests that large mammals, such as cows and deer, may also have the ability to sense the direction of magnetic north. In this animal behavior science project, you will put this theory to the test and use Google EarthTM to find herds of grazing animals, then analyze their orientation to see if they are aligned with the local magnetic field. PRINT NAME: ______144. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY: Can animal behavior be used to predict earthquakes? Scientists have linked some behaviors in animals such as bats and tree frogs to imminent earthquake activity. Set up an activity to track this phenomenon. You could keep animals in a tank and make a video log of their behavior and compare that data to the USGS earthquake log downloadable off Internet. See if the animals perform a specific behavior at the same time activity at the fault is logged. PRINT NAME:______145. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY: Do chickens see color? There is an old folk tale that says chickens will attack anything red and avoid anything purple – is there any truth to this? A specific breed chickens were used, with two cocks and six hens. In the first experiment the chickens were fed rice, white, red, and purple to see which color they prefer. In the second experiment the chickens were fed scratch grain that was set on different separate sheets of colored paper, the third experiment the chickens were fed a bowl of popcorn with some pieces dyed and set on top, and a bowl of plain popcorn. The fifth experiment was actually. Preferences amount consumed and behaviors are recorded and analyzed. PRINT NAME:______146. BIOLOGY/ZOOLOGY: Nocturnal or Diurnal : Animals have different levels of activity depending upon their habitat, metabolism and behavior. Diurnal animals are more active during the day. Nocturnal animals are more active at night. Being diurnal or nocturnal may have different advantages for different animals. For example, desert animals tend to be nocturnal so they can stay cool and escape the desert heat present during the day. What types of diurnal and nocturnal animals are common in your area? You can set out a small trap to catch small invertebrates like insects, spiders and worms. Check your trap at the end of the day and in the morning to see which animals are diurnal, nocturnal or both. To make a recessed bug trap, dig a small hole deep enough to sink a glass jar into so that the rim SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 16 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing of the jar is just below the surface of the soil. Cover the jar and surrounding area with a piece of wood or rock. You can also make more complicated traps to catch night flying bugs, or you can make a sweep net to catch flying bugs during the day be careful and use parent supervision as some small animals can carry rabies. (Gardner & Webster, 1987, 3–6, 27–31; Dashefsky, 1995, 4–6) PRINT NAME: ______147. BIOLOGY: Global decline in amphibian population- visit our local stream beds and observe amphibian (frog) activities. Research the documented impacts on these life forms over the past few decades. Why do you suppose amphibians have been susceptible to these changes? Why are the particularly sensitive to these environmental stresses? Froggy Forcasters -Have you ever heard the expression "a canary in a coal mine"? In the 1900's and earlier, coal miners brought canaries with them into the mines to act as early warning signals. The canaries were very sensitive to low levels of dangerous gases, so if the birds stopped singing, or got sick, then the miners knew to leave immediately, even if they felt fine. As it turns out, our froggy friends are also very helpful at signaling problems, not in mines, but in and around bodies of water. Try this environmental science fair project to find out how. To determine the percentage of malformed frogs in a local pond and determine if it is greater than what is expected for a healthy pond Observe the activities you see, discuss possible populations changes over the last years with park rangers, local biologists (UCR is a good source) or naturalists (EPA and fish/wildlife are good too) Determine whether conditions exist that could lead to a decline such as low pH, chemical pollutions -urban runoff, etc. (both can be assessed via a water tester easily purchased at a home depot or pool supply store) or an increase in predators (based upon scat and foot tracks and records from above mentioned experts). Include graphs/charts of this data and a prediction of the next ten years for the future of this organism. POSSIBLE COMBO/ADAPT Assessing the health of a local water system. Select a local water system (look for a stream, pond, etc (you may ask at a golf course) and assess its health by collecting fish, insects and microscopic plants. Note the birds in the area (they feed off the insects & fish) Test the water for chemicals such as nitrates and phosphates using test kits available from various chemical supply companies (some hardware supply also have them) and they measure the water by reaction with reagents that produce a colored resultant. The kits and instructions are sold by LaMotte Chemical Products Co. Also, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is a good indicator to the health of a stream, it tends to decrease with pollution and it can be measured with a portable monitor or with chemical tests as well. PRINT NAME:______148. BIOLOGY: How dirty is the table at home in your refrigerator, at school in the teachers lounge and school hall kitchen, at five drive through restaurants , and at five sit down restaurants. Swab areas from different places like at sit down restaurants and drive thru restaurants, school and home and see how dirty the same is from each one. Buy a kit and put Petri dishes in an incubator see how much bacteria grows could also compare: Which is dirtier in a restaurant, the toilet seat or the table? Go to different places and swab the toilet seat and then the table then put it in a incubator and find out what grows the most bacteria. Buy a kit so that I can try and identify what is growing, PRINT NAME:______149. BIOLOGY: The effect of swimming, jogging and cycling on the cardiovascular system. Choose 10 of your friends (or people of approximately similar ages) who are not presently active in any of these types of exercise to participate in this trial. Measure the effect of aerobic exercise on a resting pulse rate and blood pressure and recovery time after exercising. The participants will need to begin slowly on an exercise regime. Start with just jogging or cycling at a very moderate pace for 1.5 minutes and then walking for 1.5 minutes and alternate doing this for 20 minutes. Or if swimming, have them swim a lap, stop and take 10 breaths and then swim another lap until they have done 10 laps in a full size school pool or 20 in a back yard home pool. Take their heart rate and blood pressure prior to exercise, immediately at the end and then time how long it takes to return to resting rate (recovery time). Continue doing this for two weeks. Do your subjects cardio vascular systems build up strength from the exercise within two week’s time? What might happen if they continued? Do the cardio vascular systems of males and females respond similarly? Did the degree of cardiovascular response depend on the fitness of the subject at the beginning of the program? Did the three activities have similar effects? PRINT NAME:______150. BIOLOGY: Boats vs Seals and Dolphins I studied the effect of human/boat disturbance on harbor seal and dolphin behavior off the coast of So Cal s I observed 5 seal/dolphin behaviors; rest, comfort movement, alert, locomotion, and snort. I observed from a high area above the boat marina. I chose 5 seals and observed each seal for 10 seconds sequentially for 10 minutes, then chose 5 new seals and then repeated the process ford dolphins. I recorded the behavior, the number of boats present if any, and what distance they were from the seals. Then I compared the behaviors against proximity to boating CAN ALSO INCLUDE DATA FROM BEACH AND CONSERVATION GROUPS PRINT NAME:______151. BIOLOGY: Carotenoids are a class of compounds related to vitamin A with red to yellow colors and are suspected to help fight cancers. In this project research carotenoids and the basis for the belief that they fight cancer. Then examine the diets of people from 5 different cultures and determine the sources of carotenes. Compare rates of different cancers in those cultures. Members of some non-industrialized cultures (China for example) may be more helpful in establishing the role of carotenoids in cancer risk because they are not subjected to other risk factors such as air and water pollutants, alcohol consumption, high meat diets, and radiation. Then perform an analysis on your own diet and compare it to the five cultures you examined. Who appears to be at highest risk? Which cultures actually had the highest carotenes? Which had the highest actual incidences of cancer? Does your data highlight any other interesting correlations? Which group did your diet most closely resemble? What do you predict based upon your analysis of the current American diet? PRINT NAME:______152. BIOLOGY: Does hard water from a humidifier affect mealworms? Mealworms will be divided into 3 equal groups one will be placed under the vent of an ultrasonic humidifier filled with hard water, the second group under another with soft water and the third will be a control and not subjected to any humidifier. Leave the humidifiers on for 6 hours. Observe mealworm behaviors, any changes in activity levels, etc. Weigh each group as a whole and then weigh the larva from each group separately to obtain average weight. Return them to their homes with out humidifier. In the morning turn the humidifiers back on. Follow this pattern for 3 days and each

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 17 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing day and then draw up graphs for your comparison and analysis. Be sure to read up on proper care of mealworms first so that is not an interference with your experiment! PRINT NAME:______153. BIOLOGY: How do different surfaces affect the distance mealworms travel in 2 minutes? Each of 20 mealworms will be placed on a variety of different textured surfaces and timed for two minutes to see how far they can travel on that substance. Each mealworm will travel on each substance on a different day so as to not overtax them and throw off the results. Results will thus be repeated and graphed so averages and trends can be identified. Which mealworm was the fastest? Which surface was the fastest? The slowest? Were each of the mealworms consistent with the surfaces they preferred? How do you think this helps them in their normal habitat? Be sure to read up on proper care of mealworms first so that is not an interference with your experiment! PRINT NAME:______154. BIOLOGY: Nesting behavior of birds: Research birds in the area, select one or more bird species look for their nest. Try to determine the following: what materials are they made from? How are they constructed? Are they built in trees or bushes? Do they rebuild each year or adopt/recycle previous nests? Do they tend to appear in a certain tree species or area? How high are they? What arrangements of branches are preferred? Are they built in the middle or along edges of forests? What are the principal plant communities nearby? Collect and present this data look for significant differences between the population you witness and the data you find in research. If possible, observe bird behaviors, does their food selection affect their nest site selection? What impacts do you foresee on the population of this bird species going forward? How easily are they able to find nests? PRINT NAME:______155. BIOLOGY: Recent studies have suggested a correlation between ELF (Low Frequency Electromagnetic fields) that emanate from household appliances (i.e.: cell phones) and incidences of cancer. Determine sources of ELF in your household. Find and measure the strength of these fields and the time of exposure for you and the other members of your family. Compare the exposure per year for the different members of your family. How can these exposures be reduced? How do these exposures compare to those studied in scientific literature? Effect of electromagnetic fields on Eremosphaera Algae Cells, divide algae colony into seven equal groups and observe a droplet from each under a microscope. See page 58 of JBBochinski Book for a board design allowing test tubes of algae to be exposed to increasing amounts of electromagnetic fields via a simple light board. Or research the concept on the Internet yourself. How do electromagnetic fields affect plant or fruit growth? Copper wire surrounding test plants connected to a battery will establish an electromagnetic field. Be sure to maintain all other constants of nourishment and light the same. And keep the electromagnetic field away from the control plant. Measure and compare the results of both PRINT NAME:______156. BIOLOGY: Relaxing the breathing patterns of a newly purchased fish during adaptation to new aquarium environment. One fish will receive the calcium carbonate in its food while a second will be placed into a tank already containing the calcium carbonate (experimental groups). A third fish will be placed in a tank filed with new tap water and plain fish food (control). The fish will be monitored closely to count the number of gill movements per minute and their level of activity. (You do not need 3 tanks- can be done in succession) PRINT NAME:______157. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Archimedes Circle! To determine the diameter at which aluminum spheres of equal mass sink. Where do you get your best ideas? At school with your friends? When you're out for a bike ride? Over 2,200 years ago, a scientist named Archimedes got one of his best ideas when he sat down in his bath. Eureka! He went running through the streets without even bothering with his clothes. What was he so excited about? He had discovered that when objects, like his body, are placed in water, water is pushed out of the way. Have you noticed that, too? The weight of the water that is pushed out of the way is equal to the lifting force on that object. He used this idea, called Archimedes' principle, to help the local king figure out if his crown was made of pure gold or not, and engineers use his principle today to help build ships of steel that can float. In this hydrodynamics science project, you'll make little spherical "boats" (balls) out of aluminum foil and find out at what point they can't push away enough water, causing them to sink. You'll determine the diameter at which the lifting force is just not strong enough to keep them afloat. At which diameter did the balls sink? At which diameter did the balls have the lowest density? At which diameter did the balls have a density that was approximately equal to that of water PRINT NAME:______158. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Bioluminescence: Off the coast of Catalina or San Clemente Island you may have noticed something mysteriously glowing in the water….Why would this be a benefit? Imagine seeing waves glowing a beautiful blue color. The marine dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula or bioluminescent plankton is responsible for this magnificent phenomenon. bioluminescent plankton and Pyrocystis lunulais are bioluminescent organism—bioluminescence is the production of light by living organisms. But does this organism always glow, no matter what the conditions, such as how much light there is? In this biotechnology science fair project, you will investigate how altering this dinoflagellate's exposure to light and dark affects its bioluminescence. The objective of this biotechnology science fair project is to investigate how the bioluminescence of the marine dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula or bioluminescent plankton is affected by changes to its light-dark cycle. PRINT NAME:______159. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Color electrophoresis Use gel electrophoresis to investigate food dyes used in candies. Project may use a Bio-Rad Kit for electrophoresis materials. Imagine that you want to create your own brand of colored candies. You know they would be a success if only you could figure out how to make a certain color, such as purple. How can you do this when government regulators have approved just a few food dyes? First, you will need to find out how your competitors make all of their colors from these few dyes. Do different candy brands use the same or different dyes? This can be figured out with gel electrophoresis, a technique commonly used in laboratories to investigate DNA, proteins, and other molecules. In this science project you will use a kitchen-science version of gel electrophoresis to investigate how candies can have such different colors. PRINT NAME:______160. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Drug Solubility When you take medicine, it needs to dissolve in order to be passed into your bloodstream to have an effect. On the other hand, the drug needs to be packed into a small, dense pill to make it easier to swallow. How does the delivery method of a drug change how quickly it enters the bloodstream? Why is this so important to us? Compare different brands of a drug to find out which brands dissolve the quickest. Does the pH of the stomach (which is usually between 1 and 2) matter? Compare coated to SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 18 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing uncoated pills: does the coating make it more difficult to dissolve? Compare traditional pills to gel capsules: which ones work the best? (Ashleigh R., 2002; Nicole. S., 2002 Adult supervision is required. Do not consume any of the medicines you test. PRINT NAME:______161. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Extracting onion DNA. To extract DNA from onion in sufficient quantity to be seen and spooled. Isolate DNA from onion cells, separating it from other cellular components in a manner that still preserves its structure and sequence. In the end, you'll have enough DNA to see with the unaided eye, and you'll be able to spool it to demonstrate its strand-like structure. When good results are obtained, there will be enough DNA to spool on to a glass rod, a pasteur pipette that has been heated at the tip to form a hook, or similar device. PRINT NAME:______162. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Juicy-Juice! The goal of this project is to monitor enzyme activity by measuring the amount of apple juice released by pectinase You can predict how enzymes will affect a reaction. The goal of this project is to monitor enzyme activity by measuring the amount of apple juice released by pectinase. Compare the volume obtained with the amount of enzyme or time employed. PRINT NAME:______163. BIOTECHNOLOGY: No Whey – does milk protein change? To determine total protein concentration, casein concentration, and whey protein concentration of cow milk samples retrieved from cows during different stages of lactation Many people you know probably have an opinion about the kind of milk they like to drink—some like it thin and refreshing, others like it thick and rich. Milk can be bought with different fat concentrations, but other than that, it's all the same. Or is it? This science fair project raises a few interesting questions about the other contents in milk. Do all milk products have the same protein concentrations? Do cows produce different types of milk during different stages of lactation? There's only one whey to find out—give this science fair project a try! This science fair project requires access to a spectrophotometer Access to a dairy is also needed for the main project, but there are various for options that are not dependent on dairy access. PRINT NAME:______164. BIOTECHNOLOGY: Snow Globe Centrifuge. Make a centrifuge from a salad spinner and use it to investigate how well a centrifuge separates snow globe snow (glitter) from a liquid. It is fun to shake up a snow globe and watch the "snow" slowly fall. You can imagine that if the snow fell down very quickly it would be disappointing. But there are times when scientists in a laboratory want this to happen. Scientists use samples that have liquid mixed with small, solid pieces (like the inside of a snow globe), and they need all of the solid pieces in a clump, separated from the liquid. Instead of waiting for the pieces to slowly fall out of the liquid, scientists speed up the process by using a piece of equipment called a centrifuge. In this science project you will build your own version of a centrifuge from a salad spinner and investigate how well it can separate pieces in a homemade snow globe (glitter mixed with water and corn syrup). Calculate the time it takes the different mixtures to settle. How would this be applicable in science labs? You will need to purchase the centrifuge tubes online PRINT NAME:______165. BIOTECHNOLOGY: What effects enzyme reactions? Investigate how temperature affects the activity of an enzyme, specifically an enzyme called catalase, which can be extracted from potatoes Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by factors of at least a million. Now that's acceleration! This project investigates how temperature affects how fast these enzymatic reactions occur. Must have access to a stove, refrigerator, filter paper, and a freezer. Use caution when handling the hydrogen peroxide, boiling water, stove, and blender. Adult supervision may be required for using the stove. After making the catalase enzyme solution and making sure that it works well at room temperature, you will investigate its activity at a range of different temperatures. which temperature did the coffee filter squares take the most time to resurface? At which temperature did they take the least? What does this indicate about the enzyme's activity? PRINT NAME:______166. BOTANY/ CRYOGENICS: Is it possible to free a living tissue and preserve it? The objective of this study is to measure the effect of cryogenic treatment on various plant tissues.Research cryogenics and its applications. Then choose five rose buds of similar age and size. Photograph and describe the state of the bud, its texture, appearance, and note aroma. Submerge each into its own bowl of water and place into the freezer. Maintain the fifth rose at room temp as a control. At the end of one week, remove one bowl and let it thaw at room temp. then observe its color, appearance and texture, is there any fragrance? Repeat each week with the remaining flowers. Did the amount of time frozen affect the buds differently? Did the results align with your hypothesis? Dry ice used to achieve a below-zero temperature environment. Some seeds immersed in dry ice for 24, 48, and 72 hrs and some seeds kept at room temp. After 3 days all seeds planted into seed starters with regular soil and watered every other day. Plant growth measured weekly. ** Possible extension: Cryogenic Seed Exposure The purpose of this project is to see how freezing seeds using liquid nitrogen (-320 °F) affects seed germination rate, seed dormancy, and viability. This experiment will try to force dormancy, affect germination rate, and affect seed viability for tomato, sage, and sunflower seeds. We are using liquid nitrogen to try to cool the seeds to put them in a stationary state or dormant state by varying the length of time of exposure to liquid nitrogen. Tomato, sunflower, sage seeds. Freeze seeds in liquid nitrogen for different lengths of time. Place seeds in petri dish inside incubator. Measure total seeds germinated and germination rate over time. PRINT NAME:______167. BOTANY/ENVIRONMENT: Can home-made fertilizers compete with chemical fertilizers . The objective of this project is to determine if a synthetic fertilizer (miracle-gro) will make the plants grow at a faster rate than the organic fertilizer mixes. The goal of this project was to correlate pH, N, K and P levels within each soil mixture and determine how each soil / fertilizer mixture effects the height and stalk diameter growth of the plants over time. Additionally, pre-germination of the seeds was undertaken prior to planting to determine if this made a difference in plant growth Using composted materials made at home Use the different homemade composts on different plants and then compare these to control – no fertilizer plants and plants with a store bought commercial fertilizer. Make sure you keep sunlight and watering and soil type constant for all plants in the matrix. Measure growth and productivity to see which the better fertilizer was. Also do some research on the long term ramifications of each method for farming/gardening. What is the best type of homemade fertilizer? Create a small compost pile in a large glass vessel. Use different combinations of shredded kitchen and backyard wastes (research composting for ideas) to vary the organic content. You may want to include different temperature and moisture SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 19 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing contents in your experimental matrix using these on experimental plants to see which compost makes the best fertilizer. Then test the content at the end product of the compost materials with a test kit you can usually obtain from any nursery or garden store. They are used to determine the fertility of soils they include measuring pH, nitrogen and potassium concentrate. Each organic fertilizer/soil mixture to be tested was generated by mixing 1 part of organic fertilizer with 3 parts of home garden soil. Each soil mixture was tested for pH, N, P and K at the start and at a 1 month time point during the experiment using a Luster Leaf Rapidtest soil test kit. In two separate experiments, seeds were either directly planted into the soil /fertilizer mixtures in individual pots; or pre-germinated prior to planting. Plant heights and stalk widths were measures at weekly intervals to generate growth curves. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______168. BOTANY/GENETICS: Can plant cloning be used effectively by produce growers? Obtain carrot and green bean seeds from unblemished organically grown produce (or speak to a nursery or grower and obtain some- UCR Ag unit is also helpful) Plant these seeds in vermiculite to serve as a control in traditional cultivation methods. Keep them in a greenhouse incubator (available at Walmart, Target or a nursery) Melt the seed germination media in a cup over heat (get parent help!) pour it into 10 petri dishes (science supplies online) equally. When solid, drop some carrot and green bean seeds onto surface. Growth will show in 2wks. When this control set of plants is 4in tall uproot them and put into pots of potting soil. When experimental plants 4in tall cut their roots and leaves off, cut the remaining stems into 1cm pieces melt the callus initiation media in a cup over heat and pour equally into 10 petri dishes then place stem sections onto the solid material. Cover them and put into plastic bags. Within a month, shoots will be visible at this time melt the clone induction media and pour it into remaining petri dishes cut around stem sections including callus initiation media, with tweezers, place cuttings on solivide clone induction media, cover petri again and put into plastic bags. As soon as growth is detected on petri dishes at soil to help growt along. When they have grown a few inches, they too can be transferred to pots. Compare and analyze. PRINT NAME:______169. BOTANY/MATHEMATICS: Big vs. Tall: The Redwood The objective is to determine if there is a ratio that describes the height of a redwood tree compared to its base circumference. I used the equation of tangent, given the length one of the sides and the angle, to find the length of the other side. I built a protractor to use in gauging the angle (x) from the ground to the top of the tree from a distance of 20-200 feet. I measured the distance (A) to the base of the tree with my paces. I then measured the circumference of the base of the tree with a tape measure hand made from twine that could wrap around the trunk. I calculated the height of the tree (O) according to the following formulas: tan(x) = O/A, or O = A*tan(x). PRINT NAME: ______170. BOTANY: How can you best extend the life of your cut flowers. Several methods/additives will be tested to see which has the best life extension for cut flowers PRINT NAME: ______171. BOTANY: How does recycled water affect plant growth? Four different soap and water solutions an concentrations will be tested on plants using water collected from the shower, kitchen sink, dish waster and laundry machine. These solutions will have dish soap, hand soap, dish washer soap, and laundry soap. Various methods of filtering the water will be tested. These recycled waters will be used to water tomato plants over the course of a couple months. The difference in plant growth will be measured and analyzed. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME: ______172. BOTANY: How to Grow the Best Drought Resistant Lawn. Our goal of this experiment was to create a perfect combination of seeds and soils to keep a healthy green lawn in drought conditions. The problem that sparked my experiment was the almost 4 year California drought that lead to brown lawns all over the state. Our question was How to grow the Best Drought Resistant Lawn. The method we used to conduct our experiment was by creating a 3x3 array of grass seed placed vertically on the array and soils placed horizontally on the array creating 9 unique samples. We labeled each container by the grass type in it and the soil it is growing in. We drilled 6 - water drainage holes at the circular base of each container. Our materials we used were our three grasses(Bermuda Grass, Blue Grass, and Fescue Grass.)Our three soils which were(Organic Soil, Peat Moss, and Potting Soil.)9 containers with a 3" radius and 1.5" height, A 75 watt grow bulb, A water spray bottle, weight scale, and a ruler. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME: ______173. BOTANY: Natural vs Synthetic Pesticides GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) are controversial. GMO plants are designed to increase yield and resilience against environmental threats. GMOs are attractive to scientists and food producers, but pest resistance. Ranchers are currently using chemical pesticides which can lead to issues for both the microorganisms in the soil and for humans. In my research I learned people have been using natural pesticides for centuries. I decided to study and test non-synthetic substances for pest control, to see if there are effective and safe alternatives. I planted 80 radish seeds in 20 pots, divided into 5 groups. All groups got equal water, sunlight, and exposure to rose bushes infested with aphids. Once plants sprouted I treated 4 groups with different oil solutions (Citrus, Eucalyptus, Peppermint and Neem). A control set got no solution. I monitored each plant for 1 month and recorded observation data for pest infestation (visible pests/holes in leaves) and general heath (plant size and color/droopiness of leaves). Results were based on observation data and precise measurement of plant yield (weight of radishes and leaves) . MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME: ______174. BOTANY: Acid Rain and Aquatic Plants The objective of the experiment was to determine the affects of acid rain, vinegar, on aquatic plants. Methods/Materials 20 Bamboo plants 5 Identical 2 quart containers Ruler 10 quarts of distilled water 250 Milliliters of vinegar Small Rocks Place 4 bamboo plants in 5 groups in the 2 quart containers that are filled with water and small rocks. Measure each plants, with the designated amount of vinegar, every day for 20 days with a ruler. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______175. BOTANY: Antibiotic resistance is a major health issue. My goal in this project was to understand how common bacteria like Escherichia coli develop resistance to antibiotics. Question 1: Do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics as a result of exposure to inadequate drug concentrations? Question 2: If E. coli bacteria become resistant to one antibiotic like Neomycin, will they also become resistant to SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 20 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing another antibiotic like Ampicillin? Human stool was inoculated into 2 mLs of Luria Broth (LB) and grown overnight at 37C. After identifying the resulting bacterial growth as E. coli, the bacteria were inoculated into tubes containing different concentrations of Neomycin and growth was assessed. Using the bacteria that grew in the highest concentration of Neomycin, the process was repeated until growth was observed in all concentrations of Neomycin. E. coli that grew in the highest concentration of Neomycin (10ug/mL) was then exposed to either Neomycin or Ampicillin at 10ug/mL, along with appropriate controls. GET HELP AT UCR BIOLOGY UNIT PRINT NAME:______176. BOTANY: Aquaponics vs soil The objective of this study was to see if plants would grow better in aquaponics or soil. The purpose of this project was to find out which plants grow best in aquaponic systems so we can take advantage of these water saving systems and replace regular, drought creating farms, with aquaponics systems that save 20 times as much water. Methods/Materials 1. See through plastic tote 2. 5#X5#X8# vinyl fence post with cap 3. 3#X8# PVC sewer line X2 4. Eye bolt, 2 washers & nut 5. Piece of plastic cut to square inserted into post cap 6. 1/2# PVC slip to thread pipe fitting 7. 9# aquarium hose 8. Vinyl fence post glue 9. Clear aquarium caulk 10. Aquarium pump (8# rise) 11. 24 3# hydroponic root cups 12. Aquarium filter padding 13. 1 bag hydroton for media 14. 55 gallon aquarium heater 15. Medium aquarium bubbler pump, 4# tubing & large bubbler head 16. 100 goldfish 17. 24 starter plants (vegetables/herbs) 18. Fish food flakes 24 plant seedlings, 8 seedlings of each kind of plant, 20 gallon fish tank, 2 long pieces of PVC pipe, 1 small piece of PVC pipe, 6 small blocks, fish tank gravel, 10 shibunkin goldfish, power head pump, tubing, netting baskets, planting pots, soil,and PVC pipe elbow connectors and ends. . MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME: ______177. BOTANY: Breed a new Iris – This can be done by removing pollen from the stamen of one and brushing it on the stigma of another. It must be a diploid type Iris (so check with nursery/supplier first. Develop an experiment trying different combinations and recording the results. Use Punnett squares to track the genetic crosses you are making and provide the data in charts and graphs. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______178. BOTANY: Deforestation Issues The conversion of forested to unforested areas has been occurring since humans began to impact and change their environments during the agricultural revolution. Recently deforestation has become a global problem, particularly for developing industrial countries and countries with very large populations. You can use satellite mapping resources to investigate the connection between urbanization, population growth and deforestation. You can also investigate the connection between deforestation and agriculture. The practice of slash and burn agriculture was introduced into rainforest communities as a way to rapidly convert rainforest into fertile farmland. How well did it work? Try using soot and ash as an amendment to your soil to see if it increases the productivity of your soil. Do crops grow better or make more produce? Are there better more sustainable methods for growing crops in rainforest communities? How long does it take to reforest an area that has been burned? Investigate the growth of some trees to estimate the time it would take to re-grow a cleared section of forest. If you live near a forest, you can investigate which plants grow first after an ecological disturbance, like logging or a forest fire. If you live where there has been a forest fire, explore the effect the fire has had on wildlife in the area. (National Arbor Day Foundation, 2006; USDA Forest Service, 2006) PRINT NAME:______179. BOTANY: Dietary Protein, Dog Urine, and Its Effect on Your Lawn The objective was to determine how dietary protein would affect grass morbidity in response to dog urine. A children#s swimming pool was planted with soil and sod. Two dogs were fed a diet with 18% protein. Samples of urine were collected daily from each dog. The samples were applied to sections of the grass for 6 days in 2 sections per dog. The dogs were then transferred to a 30% protein diet and urine samples were collected. The samples were applied to the grass for 6 days in 2 sections per dog. Urine pH and concentration were evaluated. Volunteers blindly evaluated grass morbidity/damage 7 days after the urine was applied. The results were analyzed. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME: ______180. BOTANY: Do plants produce the same amount of fruit if you use an alternative form of pest control? Investigate the methods of pest control available and create an experiment to test this theory. Measure and compare the outcome to determine which method of pest control produced the best, which one do you think would be the best long-term for the environment? What research data backs up your ascertains? MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______181. BOTANY: Does fertilizer lose its potency as it ages? (this can be done with cow/horse manure very effectively but can be extrapolated to analyze fertilizer that has been left on the shelf or out in sunshine to determine if that affects it as well. Example Project: Three ages of bovine manure were collected; the oldest manure was 6 months old, the middle- aged manure was 2-3 months old, and the youngest manure was fresh. After creating a mixture of manure and water by adding 175mL water to 10 grams of a specific manure age, radish and fescue seeds were planted hydroponically. The seeds were allowed to grow in 9oz SOLO cups for 14 days, and the average plant heights were measured. To test the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium within each age of manure, the Rapitest Soil Test Kit was used. A four to one solution of water and manure was allowed to settle for three hours; then the liquid of the solution was placed in the test comparator. A pill was mixed in the water, and the water colors were compared to determine nutrient levels. PRINT NAME:______182. BOTANY: Does Food Type Affect the Speed of a Venus Fly Trap's Closure and the Duration of the Trap's Closed State This experiment builds on a body of knowledge in the field of carnivorous plants. It investigates an area in which little is known: In a Venus flytrap, does food type affect the speed of trap closure or the duration of its closed state? The hypothesis was that food type would not affect the speed of trap closure but would affect the duration of its closed state. An experiment was conducted, involving six Venus flytraps labeled Plants #1-6, which received six separate foods. Trap closing time was measured using a slow motion camera running at 600 frames per second. The duration of closure was measured using time elapse video cameras shooting at 1 frame every 80 seconds. The experiment was repeated three times over the course of six weeks. MUST START EARLY PRINT NAME:______183. BOTANY: Effect of acid rain on plant growth or Effect of acid rain on germination of bean seeds. . Unpolluted rain water is only slightly acidic due to dissolved carbon dioxide. The pH of rainwater should be between 6 and 7. Acid rain has been as low as 2 or 3. Obtain

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 21 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing several small plants or seedlings planted in the same soil and expose all of them to same conditions of temperature and light. You may wish to choose some plants that have flat wide leaves and some that have slender leaves to see if the area the acid rain is held upon makes a difference. What effect does this have on the farmers growing our food? Plant several groups of bean seeds in the same soil and expose all of them to same conditions of temperature and light. Prepare solutions of water at different levels of acidity and expose each set of bean seeds to one of the solutions. Use dilute sulfuric or nitric acid to make up solutions. Monitor, record and analyze. What changes did you observe? What do you predict is the effect upon the food production in the areas of the nation suffering from acid rain?. Use dilute sulfuric or nitric acid to make up solutions. Monitor, record and analyze. What changes did you observe? What do you predict is the effect upon the plant life in the areas of the nation suffering from acid rain? MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______184. BOTANY: How does touch stimuli affect fruit production? (Or growth of leaves/stems) Start with a simple fruiting plant like a tomato plant and put several in an ideal growing environment. Keep one free from touch as a control. Then in measured intervals touch the leaves/flowers of the plants and measure the effect on production. A blow dryer could also be set up to measure the effect of wind upon the plant’s production. PRINT NAME:______185. BOTANY: What affects the autumn colors of leave? Example: My goal is to understand why leaves change colors at different rates. My hypothesis is: If the pH in the soil is lower, the trees' leaves will change colors sooner, compared to the trees with higher pH in the soil. Selecting 57 Liquidambar trees in the city of Riverside, start with six pictures for each tree over the course of three months The pH level in the soil was measured for each tree. All the data points were placed in six groups, classified by the level of pH that was found in the soil. Find the average amount of days it took the trees to begin to change colors (when the first colored yellow/orange/red leaves appeared on a tree) for all the groups. MUST START EARLY PRINT NAME:______186. BOTANY: You might not know it, but a lake without algae would be a very dull place. If there were no algae, there would be no small animals feeding on the algae, and there wouldn't be any fish eating the small animals that eat the algae. You might conclude that since some algae is good, more algae is even better, but algae growth has a down side. If there is too much algae, they can deplete the oxygen in the water, killing off other species in the water. What is one culprit that leads to algal growth? Fertilizer. In this environmental science fair project, you will experiment with the effect of different concentrations of fertilizers on algal growth. Can be done with purchased algae kits if no access to a pond. Grow algae in several concentrations of fertilizer and observe its effect on algal growth. Or conversely: CHEMISTRY What will eliminate algae the quickest? Grow algae in several buckets and one gets chlorine only, another gets copper base algaecide with the chlorine, another gets poly base algaecide with chlorine, another gets copper base algaecide only and then another gets only the poly base algaecide while one gets no treatment as the control. Monitor and compare results to determine which was the best for eliminating algae quickly. PRINT NAME:______187. CHEMISTRY For my Science Fair project I would like to test the affects of water temperature on chlorine consumption in a pool. To do so I will test the chlorine level and water temperature each day until Christmas vacation, and log the number of chlorine tablets needed to keep it at a specific level. I will also test, record, and control ph balance and total alkalinity. I believe that I will use more chlorine in warmer water than cooler water. This project will confirm or deny my hypothesis. PRINT NAME:______188. CHEMISTRY How Sweet It Is! Measuring Glucose in Your Food: You know that sugar makes food sweet. But did you know that there are different kinds of sugar? (For example how is your healthy iced tea choice compared to a soda?) Sucrose is the granulated sugar that you usually use for baking. Another kind of sugar, which is found in honey and in many fruits, is glucose. In this science fair project, measure the concentration of glucose in a variety of foods using special strips that change color in response to glucose, to measure the glucose concentration in different foods and compare them to see if “healthy foods” actually have a lot of different kinds of sugars, too. How much sugar really is in our foods? To investigate how an enzyme converts sucrose into glucose and how this changes the amount of glucose we digest from different foods. Maple syrup on pancakes, ripe bananas, and soft drinks are all foods that are tasty to us because of the sugar in them. But did you know there are different kindsof sugar? One food can have multiple kinds of sugar in it, and our bodies actually process the different types of sugars differently. In this science project, you will measure the concentration of two sugars, glucose and sucrose, in different foods and investigate how sucrose is converted into glucose with the help of an enzyme called invertase The invertase for this science project needs to be specially ordered PRINT NAME:______189. CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEM: Simulated Artificial Pancreas Model The objective of my project was to construct and calibrate an electronic circuit that effectively simulates the functionality of an actual artificial pancreas Utilized electronic circuit components, a conductivity sensor and a pump that I calibrated using a neutral solution to automatically pump vinegar (mock insulin)into a test solution when the pH level of the test solution measured high (mock high blood glucose), thus neutralizing the test solution. PRINT NAME:______190. CHEMISTRY/BIOLOGY: What substance is most effective for cleaning teeth? Obtain several molars from a dentists office (you may have to ask at several in order to obtain enough- or you can ask your butcher to locate teeth from the animals they render- this MUST BE DONE EARLY to assure samples) Rinse the teeth in boiling water and dry them thoroughly. Obtain several agents utilized to clean teeth – different toothpastes (with and without fluoride, whitening vs non-whitening), baking soda, mouthwashes etc) and some toothbrushes. The molars will be exposed to soda pop and lemon juice for a period of around 2 weeks. Each tooth will be cleaned each day with one of the cleaners except for two of the teeth which will be kept as controls and thus not subjected to any cleaner and brushed with water only. Record the condition of the molars careful and determine which substances worked the best as a cleaner and which provided the best protection. PRINT NAME:______191. CHEMISTRY/EARTH: Changes in pH of Rain Water. Collect rain water samples during different parts of the year in different storms and different times of the day during the same storm. Test the pH with pH indicator strips or a pH monitor and record. Does the pH change? How and in what way? Why do you think this is? Are the samples more acidic than unpolluted rain water? STUDENTS MAY WANT TO

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 22 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing CHOOSE THIS ONE FOR NEXT YEAR AND COLLECT THEIR SAMPLES FOR THE PROJECT THIS YEAR! PRINT NAME:______192. CHEMISTRY/ELECTRICITY: Comparing the electrical output of different vegetables. How does the size and type of a potato (Yukon Gold vs. affect the electrical output? How does a potato compare to a lemon, carrot, or a turnip? Which has the most electrical output in milihertz? How does a potato battery compare to a commercial battery? PRINT NAME:______193. CHEMISTRY/ENVIRONMENT: Effect of plants on indoor air pollution. Some plants have been shown to remove air pollutants. Determine the concentrations of pollutants in specific rooms of your house – the EPA can be very helpful here with kits for this. Measure sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in different areas of your house. In this experiment you will test the quality of air by measuring the number of air particles from different locations They can be measured by spectrophotometric analysis (science supply online or chemical supply companies) Measure radon concentrations with activated carbon cartridges that are readily available in local hardware stores. Then bring in house plants (EPA will have lists of recommended best plants) where areas have higher pollution measurements. Monitor levels every week for several weeks and record any changes. Select smaller areas with low air exchange rats to that if there is an effect you will be able to measure it easily enough. Could also include a commercial/residential air cleaning device as comparison. PRINT NAME:______194. CHEMISTRY: No one can deny the devastating consequences of an oil spill on the local wildlife. Oil affects all levels of the ecosystem, from plants to fish and birds. What happens to water plants if you add motor oil to their pot? What is the effect of motor oil on the health of a goldfish, or water insects? What happens to the barbs of a bird feather if they are dipped in oil? Can you test different types of environmentally-friendly detergents for cleaning the bird feathers? Can you test different methods of containing oil that has been spilled on water? What about oil spilled on land? How does it affect the soil, or plants that grow in the soil? Can you try to treat affected soil with conditioners or detergents to improve the growth of plants after an oil spill? Some detergents contain enzymes to break down oil and grease; research some of these enzymes. What organisms do they come from? How are they made? What type of proteins are they? Can you think of other potential enzymes to use, or a method of delivery to the spill site? PRINT NAME:______195. CHEMISTRY: Are organic ant pesticides as effective as a chemical pesticide? I believe I can find an effective organic ant pesticide. Chemical pesticides have been shown to be harmful to the environment, humans and animals. Organic pesticides come from natural sources such as trees, herbs, flowers, fruit and minerals. Nontoxic pest control is crucial to our health and the health of our environment. PRINT NAME:______196. CHEMISTRY: How much Vitamin C is really in my juice? Recent information has indicated that there is some discrepancy in the amount marketed and the amount actually in the drinks we purchase. Plus, concentration decreases as the food sits even if refrigerated. The amount can be measured by a simple analytical technique relying on the ability of vitamin c (ascorbic acid) to oxidize with iodine. Thus, you could compare a variety of drinks advertising Vitamin C and/or you could compare how fast the Vitamin C concentration declines after purchase. PRINT NAME:______197. CHEMISTRY: Research homemade cosmetics online. Create three different samples of the same type of cosmetic (i.e.: lip balm or perfume) Label the containers A B or C. Be sure to keep all containers free from contamination by using a clean disposable cotton tip applicator instead of fingers or brushes. Evaluate your products yourself prior to initiating a survey. Create categories that your testers will use and make a hypothesis about which balm you think will be the most popular and why. Have 10-20 people sample your products and complete your product survey (this is just how the cosmetic companies perform an analysis on a new product) Record their responses and analyze. PRINT NAME:______198. CHEMISTRY: Which material (sand, woodchips or pebbles- britta charcoal filters) has better water purification properties. Research and develop various methods for straining/purifying water and then test the water to see which method is the best, the most accessible, and/or least expensive. Water will be strained through each of these materials and then tested for any contaminants. In the event of a natural disaster, what kind of water purification mechanisms will be necessary In the event of a large emergency, would you know how to use the power of the sun to obtain clean drinking water? Research and build a solar distillery with the hypothesis that you can use such equipment to clean water through the process of evaporation. Then create “dirty” water by mixing salt in with the water in order to test your equipment. Why would this be so important to people in Southern California? What is required to make it happen? Perhaps you can contact people with the water district to analyze the prospects of cleaning water with this method. How long does it take to collect a cup of clean water? What ideas are there for methods to expedite this process? (RL Bonnet p103) PRINT NAME:______199. CHEMISTRY: Are there really any differences among commercial hand lotions? Ten commercial hand and body lotions will first be subjected to a pH indicator test to determine if they contain the same levels of acids and bases. Then the densities of each lotion will be computed and compared. Finally the lotions will be tested to see if they have any antibacterial qualities. And an analysis can be done based upon how well/long the lotions appear to relieve dry skin issues. PRINT NAME:______200. CHEMISTRY: Baking up Chemistry! When you're following a recipe, do you ever wonder why certain ingredients keep showing up time after time (e.g., baking powder in quick breads)? Do you notice that certain ingredients tend to occur in a particular ratio to one another (e.g., amount of shortening and sugar, or amount of shortening and flour, or number of eggs and amount of flour)? What happens if you use more or less of an ingredient than the recipe calls for? What happens if you change the ratio of two ingredients? What ingredients can act as substitutes for other ingredients? How can you substitute for an egg if you are making a vegan recipe. How does the chemistry of that work? There are many possibilities you can try. PRINT NAME:______201. CHEMISTRY: Better Batteries: A Study of Galvanic Cells The experiment I am conducting consists of testing the amount of voltage produced by different materials in galvanic cells as well as the best way to connect the parts that form a galvanic cell (whether a SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 23 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing porous cup or ionic salt bridge). My hypothesis predicted that if a galvanic cell was made of a copper cathode and lead anode then this particular combination would produce the most voltage. When I set up the cell, it would contain a tw0 half cell connected through a salt bridge. I will repeat these combinations however I will use porous materials to establish how two half cells can be connected without the need of a salt bridge . This experiment will test the best combination of half cells as well as the effect of porous cups in comparison to salt bridges. The materials I am using include copper and copper sulfate, aluminum and aluminum sulfate, zinc and zinc sulfate, magnesium and magnesium sulfate, and lead and lead nitrate. For the porous barrier I am using terracotta pots, whereas for the salt bridge I constructed my own through the use of plastic tubing, salt water, and cotton swabs to hold the solution within the bridge. PRINT NAME:______202. CHEMISTRY: Comparing the Heat Energy of Bio-Fuel to Conventional Fossil Fuels The objective of this study is to determine the heat energy of different fuels in relation to motor oil, a fossil fuel. Using 3 ring stand, Styrofoam cup, cotton cord, 3 different fuels (motor oil, vegetable oil, bio-fuel).Suggest: Cultured algae and used it as fuel because algae has a high lipid content. Timed the length of each fuels burn time, and measured the change in temperature. PRINT NAME:______203. CHEMISTRY: Does garlic really have anti-bacterial qualities? Prepare garlic materials by taking cloves and peeling them. Pulverize the cloves in a blender or food processor until nearly liquefied. Soak a sterile filter paper disk in the garlic solution. Place onto a TSA petri dish streaked with bacteria (you may obtain a Esherichia coli bacteria culture from science supply or maybe culture a bacteria from a cheek swab) incubate for 24 hours and then measure the zones of inhibition. Try comparing the garlic against antibacterial hand sanitizer or antibacterial mouthwash or bleach. Does garlic have an effect? Was it as much as any of these other methods?PRINT NAME:______204. CHEMISTRY: Does the type of soda, and/or the type of container effect the concentration of carbon dioxide (fizz) found in a soda. Different sodas will be compared for concentration of carbon dioxide (or soda left open for a given amount of time) and the same soda obtained from different containers (plastic/glass/aluminum) will be compared to determine the effects of the container on the carbon dioxide concentration. PRINT NAME:______205. CHEMISTRY: Eerie Electrolysis The objective of my goal was to see which electrolyte solution would conduct electricity the best through the process of electrolysis-saltwater, sodium bicarbonate + water or citric acid + water To conduct my project I used 10% of the electrolyte and 90% distilled water to make the different solutions, a multimeter to check the voltage and amperage of each solution, a light bulb for conductance, and battery as a power source PRINT NAME:______206. CHEMISTRY: Effect of saturation on carbon’s ability to adsorb organic contaminants. Most homes use activated carbon cartridges in their water (often in the fridge’s water dispenser lines) to clean the water before drinking. These filters are easily purchased in hardware stores. They are thought to be effective in removing trihalomethanes (THMS) which is a byproduct of chlorination at municipal water districts as well as other organic compounds. But as the carbon becomes more saturated its ability to remove these materials is impaired. In this project, you can compare cartridges of varying saturation (that have already been in use for a known number of months) against a new one with the use of a food dye colored test stream. How does this filtered water compare to several manufacturers of bottled water versus tap water? This suggests a link to how well the drinking water would be cleaned by that same filter. PRINT NAME:______207. CHEMISTRY: Electric Fruit My objective is to find out which of these citrus fruits (oranges, lemons and grapefruits) will produce a consistent electrical current the longest when zinc nails and copper wire interact with the citric acid in the fruit. Five fruits each of oranges, lemons and grapefruits. Zinc nails and copper wire. Voltmeters, alligator clips, and a timer. A zinc nail and a 2" copper wire piece was inserted onto opposite ends of a citrus fruit. The voltmeter was attached to the nail and wire by alligator clips (positive to copper, negative to zinc). Measurements in micro-amps were recorded in varying intervals of time, for a 12 hour period PRINT NAME:______208. CHEMISTRY: Endothermic reactions. Where does the heat go? Investigate the cold and/or hot packs that coaches use on injuries. How do they produce the temperature change without ice or a microwave? Measure the change and find the calculations that explain where the heat goes. PRINT NAME:______209. CHEMISTRY: Enzyme, Break It Down! How Does Temperature Affect the Rate of Reaction of Catalase? The goal of my project is to test the optimal temperature conditions for catalase activity. Since the human body's internal temperature is normally 37C, Make a hypothesis as to which optimal temperature range that catalase will breakdown hydrogen peroxide. extracted catalase from potatoes and indirectly measured its activity when exposed to hydrogen peroxide of different temperatures. To measure enzyme activity,I saturated filter paper with catalase solution and exposed it to hydrogen peroxide in a beaker PRINT NAME:______210. CHEMISTRY: Evaporative Cooling Effects. Make a hypothesis about how the differing evaporative effects of different substances will affect cooling rates. Then obtain several different liquids (ie: waer, oil, alcohol) Place a thermometer on a Styrofoam plate (to insulate it from temp of the table) and then place a folded paper towel over the bulb end. Let all the liquids stand until they are all at room temperature. Then pour one liquid on each towel- just enough to wet the towel. Monitor and record temperatures at two minute intervals. Which had the lowest temp? What was the largest difference in temperature noted. Repeat the same type of experiment with a forehead strip PRINT NAME:______211. CHEMISTRY: Fruit & Vegetable Hardening! In this cooking and food science fair project, you will investigate hardening and the firming power of PME by comparing the firmness of produce in which PME has been activated for a short period of time, against the firmness of produce in which PME has never been activated. You will first need to read about the anatomy of plants, and find out what happens to the cell walls when PME is activated. Then you will need to put PME to the test with some real produce. You can choose one fruit or one vegetable that contains PME, or do a mix of produce that contain PME. Leave your produce whole or cut them up into similarly sized pieces. Then split the produce into two groups: one group will go through a precooking phase where they are preheated to 130- 140°F for 20-30 min before being placed in boiling water for 1 hour. The other group will not go through a precooking phase, but will go SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 24 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing directly into gently boiling (simmering) water for 1 hour. You should use the same size cookware with a lid, same stove settings, and same amount of boiling water when cooking both groups of produce. Do not use seasonings, like salt, for your trials, as these can have secondary effects and interactions. you will need to test the two groups. You can visually inspect and see if you have any disintegration or breaking up of the pieces, and then you can measure the firmness of the produce PRINT NAME:______212. CHEMISTRY: How can the amount of bacteria on a kitchen sponge/dishrag be reduced? A variety of materials used to wash eating utensils will be tested with streaks on TSA petri dishes (at science supplyonline) to determine the amounts of bacteria on each after usage. Several methods of reduction will be employed such as soapy water, boiling water, microwaving, and bleach. After exposure to the cleaning the materials will again be subjected a streak TSA culture for bacteria and results will be analyzed. The locations in which the utensils are kept will also be analyzed to see which environment is ideal for reducing the amount of bacteria that is acquired by the materials. PRINT NAME:______213. CHEMISTRY: How do hair highlights work? Have you ever heard of someone who had a highlight job go wrong and it turned out a weird orange color? What causes this? Research hair and the chemistry of its coloring. Collect swatches of dark hair that has not been chemically treated already. Choose several hair lightening treatments (beauty supply and drug stores – and the old wive’s tale of lemon as a bleach) PARENTAL SUPERVISION organize and label the hair swatches and apply one treatment to each swatch- following directions on each package. And you could put one just into the sun by finding a secure place that receives direct afternoon sunlight and secure that swatch there for at least one week, preferably more. Keep one swatch untreated as the control. Compare effects on different types of hair. What is the degree of lightening on hair that is very dark (i.e., dark brown or black)? What is the degree of lightening on hair that is light to begin with (i.e., medium to light blonde)? Does adding heat (heat lamp) make a difference in the time or lightening of the hair? What condition is the hair left in after the lightening? Dry, rough, dull, or possibly destroyed? Does the length of time that the hair is exposed to the lightener solution affect the condition of the hair? analyze the tensile strengths of hair before and after a highlight treatment. Does a different concentration of peroxide affect the condition of the hair? Design an experiment to find out. Does the chemical in the highlighting process weaken or damage the hair? Compare that of a hair before and after a perm to that before and after a highlight to that before and after a dark color treatment. Which retains more of its healthy characteristics and strength. What condition are the samples in? How much stress/weight could the hair bear before failure? (Beauticians and salons will be able to help you collect samples) PRINT NAME:______214. CHEMISTRY: How does light effect chemical reactions? Experiment with a photochemical reaction with iodine and water and sunlight. Be controlled in the experiment do research on what should react with iodine and then compare that reaction both in and out of the sunshine and in and out of a dark area to determine if there is ay difference in the reaction generated PRINT NAME:______215. CHEMISTRY: How effective are various items in protecting against UV Radiation? You will need some sun-sensitive paper, (this could also be done with Tryptic soy agar plates were streaked with diluted bacterial samples to be real life cells) plastic folder sleeves and a variety of UV protective wear such as sunglasses, hats, sun blocks, lotions, etc. Enter a darkened room where no sunlight can enter (closet) take out the photo-sensitive paper and place it into the plastic sleeve. Put the UV protective material over the top of the sleeve. If it is a lotion, slather lotion over the top of the plastic, if it is a shirt, fasten sleeve against the inside of shirt as if it was the person’s back wearing the shirt, etc. Then, take the items and place them in the sun for exactly the same amount of time such as 2-5 minutes (or you could use a UV lamp if you prefer) then quickly throw a blanket over them and run them back into the room to compare results. Repeat with longer exposures if desired. What offered the most protection? Which was the least? Did they hold up to the manufacturer’s claims? Based on this how well protected do you think people are at the beach? What did your research tell you about the UV levels today versus ten or twenty years ago? PRINT NAME:______216. CHEMISTRY: How effective is lobster shell chitin in filtering wastewater metallic ions? Several solutions of metals and solvents will be filtered through chitin and charcoal. The filtration effectiveness of each will be compared by measuring the amount of time it takes for each solution to run through both filters and by measuring the concentration of metallic ions present in the solutions effluent after they have passed through both filters. P 65 JB Bochiniski Book PRINT NAME:______217. CHEMISTRY: Ice, Ice Baby I want to determine if liquid nitrogen or dry ice will work better to freeze a banana. I put three containers in my garage. I filled one with liquid nitrogen, another with dry ice and the last with dry ice and rubbing alcohol. Then I put a banana into each of the freezing agents for a predetermined amount of time. After, I took the temperature of each of the bananas and recorded the temperature and condition of each in a notebook. PRINT NAME:______218. CHEMISTRY: investigate cow milks that have different percentages of milk fat, and discover which ones are less prone to curdling, and are therefore more desirable for milk-based soups, gravies, and gratins. You will first need to read about the structure of milk: the milk proteins (the caseins and the whey), the micelles, the calcium phosphate, and the fat globules. You will then test and compare the curdling properties of cow milks that have different percentages of milk fat, from skim milk on up to cream. For each trial, choose one type of milk and slowly warm and whisk it in a saucepan until it comes to a simmer. Add a small amount of an acid, such as lemon juice or vinegar, and then remove the milk from the heat. Allow the milk to cool and then strain it. Measure the contents of the strainer (the curds) by weight or by volume. Be sure your milks are very fresh, use the same amount of milk for each trial, and cook each of the milks in the same fashion. As you compare your curd measurements, think about the relative protein content of each type of milk PRINT NAME:______219. CHEMISTRY: Kimchi Chemistry! The objective of this cooking and food science fair project is to investigate the chemical changes that occur in a batch of kimchi as it ferments. You're probably familiar with sauerkraut, a German dish of cabbage that is fermented in a brine made of its own juice and salt. Have you heard of another cabbage dish, called kimchi? Kimchi is a traditional fermented cabbage dish from Korea. Koreans eat kimchi year round, enjoying its spicy taste and the fact that it contains loads of vitamins B and C. In this

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 25 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing cooking and food science fair project, you will make kimchi from scratch and investigate changes in pH and glucose as the kimchi ferments PRINT NAME:______220. CHEMISTRY: Measuring air pollution in your neighborhood. Select one or two air pollutants that you can measure in your neighborhood (Check SCAQMD information) Both chemical and instrumental techniques have been developed for determining the concentrations of air pollutants. Measure them at different times of the day and different seasons (if possible) Offer an explanation for our results by consulting literature on the known sources of these pollutants and their behavior in the atmosphere. Calculate the exposure you have to those pollutants over the year. What does the literature suggest can be done to limit either exposure or the amount of pollutant? PRINT NAME:______221. CHEMISTRY: Microwave Efficiency! Microwave ovens cook with radio waves, which, at a special frequency (around 2500 MHz), excite only the polar molecules in food, unlike traditional cooking methods, which heat the food by conduction, convection, or infrared radiation. . In this cooking and food science fair project, you will try different arrangements of foods with asymmetric, raw vegetables to see which arrangement cooks the foods the most evenly. You will need to choose three raw test foods that can be cut into asymmetric pieces, such as broccoli, cauliflower, or asparagus. You will then need to prepare the pieces and arrange them in a 2-qt. microwave-safe container with a lid. In one trial, arrange the delicate tips so that they are in the center of the baking dish and the thick stem ends are lining the edge of the dish. In the other trial, arrange the pieces in the reverse order with the thick stems in the center and delicate tips near the edge of the baking dish. For each trial, cook the vegetables with the same amount of water (approximately ½ cup) and the same dish, for the same amount of cooking time. You will also need to allow 1-2 minutes of standing time. Seasoning, such as salt, should not be added to the vegetables while they are cooking. examine the delicate ends for any signs of being overdone; for example, you can count the number of brown spots. You will then need to measure the tenderness of the thick stem ends using your own test method PRINT NAME:______222. CHEMISTRY: Photochemical smog in a specific urban environment. Select an urban area where smog is a problem. Determine the main sources of pollutants and trace concentrations of secondary pollutants. Do they depend on season? Why? Suggest solutions to reduce photochemical smog based on your literature research. The SCAQMD monitors air quality for our area and is the best place to start. Each city also maintains records for their specific area and they are available to the public, too. PRINT NAME:______223. CHEMISTRY: Plastic from milk?! – In this chemistry science project, you will investigate which is the best recipe for making plastic out of milk. "Plastic made from milk" —that certainly sounds like something made-up. If you agree, you may be surprised to learn that in the early 20th century, milk was used to make many different plastic ornaments —including jewelry for Queen Mary of England! In this chemistry science project, you can determine what is the best recipe to make your own milk plastic (usually called casein plastic) and use it to make beads, ornaments, or other items. Develop methods for doing this and create plastic from milk and then explain how and why this would be important to our environment. PRINT NAME:______224. CHEMISTRY: Production of Bio Plastics from Vegetable Waste The goal of this experiment was to produce bioplastics from vegetable wastes like banana peels, potato peels, and avocado pits. It's been estimated that 200,000 barrels of oil are used each day to make plastic packaging for the United States alone. Also, oil based plastics cannot be rid easily and create landfills or environmental pollution. Bioplastics can replace petroleum based plastics and can be made from vegetable wastes that contain starch. The process of creating bioplastic was to first collect the vegetable waste, then extract the starch through a process of making a homogenous solution, filtration and sedimentation. The starch extracted was then mixed with additives such as glycerol (to add flexibility) and vinegar (to break down the starch molecules), and heated over a stove so that the glucose molecules bonded and formed polymer chains. Then, the gel-like plastic formed was baked, and dried in an oven at 250 degrees F for ½ hour. A tensile test was conducted on the plastics using a spring scale and decay test was done over 10 days PRINT NAME:______225. CHEMISTRY: Save the Strawberries! To investigate thermotherapy using strawberries, and to determine the right combination of temperature and time to prevent the strawberries from molding. Fresh strawberries and summer just go together. Walking through the local farmers' market on a warm day, the bright, red strawberries call out to you, beckoning you to buy them and take them home. The next day, as you get ready to savor the delicious berries, you notice that yesterday's juicy, red strawberries are now covered in...eewwww, mold! In this cooking and food science fair project, you will investigate thermotherapy and whether this technique can preserve strawberries and prevent mold and decay. be sure you're performing this science fair project in the right season. Frozen strawberries will not work! PRINT NAME:______226. CHEMISTRY: Scintillating Scents – Can you create real perfumes from flowers around your own house? To extract perfume oils from flowers using the enfleurage-extraction technique. Have you ever watched your parents dress up for a big evening? They may even splash on a bit of aftershave cologne or dab on some perfume since it is special occasion. But did you know that using perfume and scents is an ancient activity? Perfumes and the art of making perfume is an art that is thousands of years old. In this chemistry science fair project, you will learn more about one way to make perfume, called enfleurage, and experiment with it to extract your own floral scents. Predict which of your local materials will make the more popular Scintillating Scent! PRINT NAME: ______227. CHEMISTRY: Sea of Blue In this experiment, a piano of blues is made to find how changing the concentration of copper sulfate in a solution affects the sound frequency produced from an electrical circuit. Since higher concentrations of ionic compounds in a solution will result in higher conductivity and a more powerful current, it is expected that a higher concentration would result in a higher frequency. Solutions with various concentrations of copper sulfate in distilled water were used, with a modified 555 timer circuit. Attached to it was a speaker and two wires, which would be dipped into the solutions to form a resistor and produce sound. The frequency was measured with the #Spectrum# audio analyzer app. PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 26 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 228. CHEMISTRY: Stand and Deliver! Whipped egg whites are used in many sweet and savory recipes. They are used to add air into cake batters, meringues, and soufflés. Egg whites, also known asalbumin are 15 percent protein dissolved into water. When egg whites are beaten or whipped, the protein chains unravel. This is called denaturation. The process of whipping egg whites adds air to the mixture, in addition to denaturing the proteins. The denatured proteins create bonds with each other and trap air bubbles within themselves. This is the foam that one sees after beating egg whites for a while. When a cook beats an egg white, he or she usually does so with a wire whisk and a bowl. But what kind of bowl should be used? Does the material of the bowl help or hinder beating the egg white? In this science fair project, investigate how bowls made from copper, stainless steel, glass, plastic, and wood affect how long it takes to whip egg whites. Is the foam that you get from the different bowls similar or quite different? After you finish beating the egg whites, check how long the foam stays foamy. How long is the foam stable? Can you develop a reason why certain materials affect egg whites? PRINT NAME:______229. CHEMISTRY: Substance pH vs. Melting Rate The objective of this study was to determine if certain pH levels affects the rate at which ice melts The experiments materials consisted of: apple juice, apricot juice, strawberry juice, milk, coffee, windex, bleach, water, pH paper, freezer, timer, thermometer, plates and a sunny spot. the procedure consisted of 8 liquids frozen into ice cubes, and exposing them to the sun at the same time =, after recording the temperature of the air. Then the time it took for each ice cube to melt was recorded along with the air temperature. PRINT NAME:______230. CHEMISTRY: The electrolyte challenge. Compare regular fruit juices to Gatorade and some of the new high marketed sports drinks. Which provides the most electrolytes? These can be measured with a mulitmeter (you are only using the ammeter part to measure current). Determine how these different drinks would benefit or not benefit the athlete differently than water. PRINT NAME:______231. CHEMISTRY: The Surface Tension of Different Liquid Types Surface tension strength really depends on many factors, not just electrical attractivity, adhesion, and cohesion. The chemicals and other molecules that may be within the liquid greatly affect the surface tension. The electrical attractivity can affect the strength between each of the molecules within a liquid, adhesion causes for these molecules to be more attracted to other surrounding molecules, and the cohesive forces cause for the molecules to be attracted and bond with the molecules within the liquid. I will be testing how surface tension differs within the type of liquids. These liquids are to be categorized as ionic, polar, or nonpolar liquids. Each of these liquids has intermolecular forces that allow for surface tension to occur. The ionic, polar, or nonpolar bonds affect the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquids and the electrical attraction between each of the atoms within the molecules. The surface tension of these different types will be tested to see which type of liquid is the strongest (Find and test 4 or 5 liquids after predicting which you think will have the highest degree of surface tension) PRINT NAME:______232. CHEMISTRY: What cleans better a natural based cleaner or the chemical type cleaners purchased in the stores? There are a lot of new “natural” based cleansers coming out that are supposed to be lower impact to the environment. This investigation will see if these new cleaners clean as well as the store bought cleaners on a variety of surfaces such as the floor, window and the sink. (If possible investigate what are the different materials within the different cleaners and research how they affect people and the environment- are these natural cleaners that much different than the store bought cleaners?) PRINT NAME:______233. CHEMISTRY: What exactly is viscosity? Use graduated cylinders and a set of marbles to measure the viscosity. Make a hypothesis about which will have the highest viscosity and what effect that will have upon the marble. Mark a starting point in the cylinder that is below where the marble reaches terminal velocity and then mark an ending point at least 5cm before bottom of the cylinder. Use the distance between start and end points to calculate the marble’s travel time (record average speed) through each of several different liquids (try to find more than 5 to test). Then you can calculate the velocity of the marbles. Then you can calculate the viscosity. What is Stokes Law? Shape vs Viscous Effect? Four sets of differently shaped clay objects (sphere, cube, teardrop and tetrahedron) all with the same exact volume with but with different weights will be dropped into a 100 mL graduated cylinder filled with glycerine and a 500 mL cylinder filled with corn syrup. The time these objects takes to fall through the liquid from 100 mL line to the 20 mL line in glycerin and from 500 mL to 100 mL in syrup will be recorded with a stopwatch. Buoyancy, drag, and drag x time will be calculated. Results will be checked to see if the drag x time calculations are indeed equal to that of a sphere (the constant). PRINT NAME:______234. CHEMISTRY: What Is the Extent of Iron and Copper Corrosion In Different Saltwater and Acidic Solutions? project was about testing and finding the total amount of corrosion accumulated on iron and copper in different possible solutions. We experimented to find the extent of corrosion of the two metals in different saltwater and acidic solutions over a month and half of exposure PRINT NAME:______235. CHEMISTRY: What pH level is most conducive to corrosion in iron and copper? Half fill 14 test tube or similar containers with iron fillings and another 14 with copper fillings. Then subject each tube to a different successive amount of a pH balanced solution of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and distilled water in order to achieve pH levels from 1 to 14 in the various tubes. Test with litmus paper to ensure you have the different pH values. Leave the fillings in their respective tubes for about 30 days but allow the filings to air out by scooping them from the buts and laying them on separate towels for 30 min each day to observe and record your data. PRINT NAME:______236. CHEMISTRY: What substance is most effective in preventing bacteria in water beds? This project will require access to at least one new water bed and one used water bed. Water specimens will be taken from both beds and then streaked onto separate TSA petri dishes (at science supply online), incubated and observed for bacteria. If present the bacteria will be tested to see if they are gram positive or negative. Further specimens will be cultured to obtain more bacteria cultures which will then be treated with sterile filter paper disks treated with a different type of water bed conditioner and disinfectant. They will be incubated for another 48 hours and then each conditioner’s effectiveness will be assessed. Did the age or make of the water bed appear to influence the amount or type of bacteria SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 27 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing found? Was the bacteria found affected by any of the conditioners? Which appeared to be the most affective? PRINT NAME:______237. CHEMISTRY: Which additive makes the strongest gelatin? Gelatin! It's hard to think of another food that is used as frequently on the dinner table as off. You can find it in all sorts of sweet foods, from ice cream, yogurt, and gummy bears, to marshmallows and yellow colorings for sodas. Off the table, it shows up in glues, photographic paper, playing cards, crepe paper, medicine capsules, hair gels, and professional lighting equipment. From the kitchen to the theater—what a range of uses! In this cooking and food science fair project, you'll investigate how to change the strength of gelatin gels. What makes a gel weak and quivery, or strong and tough? Find out how gelatin can go from blubbery to rubbery! PRINT NAME:______238. CHEMISTRY: Which Homemade Fire Retardant Works Best on Cotton? The objective of this study is to determine which homemade fire retardant works the best on cotton. 3 yards of cotton, Lighter, Safety glasses, gloves, spoons, metal pot, alum, Boric acid, Ammonium chloride, Ammonium phosphate, Sodium silicate, and a safe open area/pit to burn, a fire extinguisher and MUST HAVE Adult for supervision PRINT NAME:______239. CHEMISTRY: which type of breath freshener has the best antibacterial effect? Obtain different oral bacterial samples from the same person, and streak onto seven TSA petri dishes. (at science supply online) Cover six of those with six filter papers treated with different solutions of breath freshener materials. The 7th will be a control and will not receive a disk. The dishes will be incubated (maintained a constant warmth) for 24 hours) and observations and analysis will be made. Did the breath fresheners have any effect on oral bacteria? Which was the most effective? What constituent material within that solution was most likely responsible for its effectiveness? Was the substance that reduced the bacteria the most actually the one with the best smell to it? PRINT NAME:______240. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Can you Regulate Thermal Comfort with Personal Peltier Modules Enormous amounts of energy are being used every day to heat buildings, vehicles, and other places that human beings occupy. Taking advantage of how humans perceive warmth, it may be possible to develop a personal thermal regulation device that can deliver the same comfort level with less wasted energy. The Peltier device delivers timed pulses of heat to the wrist or arm of a user. The sensation of the heat pulses changes the perceived thermal comfort level of the subject when exposed to temperatures. Is it possible to regulate a person#s perception of ambient temperature and thermal comfort using a wearable computer controlled device based on the Peltier effect This project could be adapted for cooling a person as well. PRINT NAME:______241. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Do students learn better through rote memorization or the currently popular critical thinking/problem solving style? Separate one middle (3-5th) grade students into two groups of 15 students. Do the same for a second middle grade class. Teach the same information to the A Groups using Higher-Order (Critical Thinking) methods and B Groups using Rote Memorization. The groups were taught separately for 20 minutes each, according to a curriculum formulated after conducting research on both methodologies. One day after each teaching session, the same test was given to all students to evaluate short term memory retention. Two weeks later, a second test was given, this time to evaluate long term learning retention and recollection. Results will be analyzed for any statistical differences in comprehension based on teaching style. PRINT NAME:______242. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Does the visual screen size affect how user interfaces with software? Comparing screen size and accuracy via specific game software that can log accuracy of interaction – same exact software on three different screen size touch screen interfaces. PRINT NAME: ______243. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Empathy and Social Perception: Gender Based or Not? Differences between how females and males perceive social signals about feelings, intentions and motives of those around them and experience and display empathy for others is a topic of major social importance, especially in middle and high schools. It remains controversial and unclear whether better social perception and empathy are affected by gender or other contributing factors. The goal of this study was to determine whether in young preteens and teens these social abilities are affected by gender, other factors or both. Pre-Reading the Mind in the Eyes Questionnaire (self- rating of social perception); Reading the Mind in the Eyes (an objective, validated test of social perception by Baron-Cohen); Experimenter-Created Questionnaire (self-rating about daily activities created by S. Courchesne); and Zoll & Enz Empathy Questionnaire (available online). Through these tests, gender differences and non-gender-related findings were measured, analyzed and discovered. Using standard and widely accepted social perception tests evaluate participants and determine if there are factors such as gender than affect the outcome PRINT NAME:______244. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: How bad is it to talk on phone while driving? This objective was to determine which was more distracting to drivers, talking on a cell phone held to one's ear, talking on a hands-free cell phone device or texting. The goal was to determine which was more distracting by having 20 people use their phone in these three manners while attempting to complete a sorting exercise. PRINT NAME:______245. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: How does using an IPAD in school affect actual comprehension? The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the pros and cons of using iPads in the classroom 2) To study the effects on students using iPads: considering behavior, retention, and test scores. Translate benchmark test to a leveled reading program for at least 30 students (ten each in 3 different grades). Be sure to use a Reading Test, which yields a recommended reading level. This specific reading level will correspond with the leveled reading program. The reading program will have passages and quizzes pertaining to the passage for all reading levels, so each student had a passage/quiz corresponding to their reading level (you will need to identify these levels with their teacher first) After receiving each student's reading level, type up two of each required reading level: one passage for the paper test and one for the iPad test. Print out the required number of each paper-designated passage and upload the designated iPad passages to a cloud database. Also type the corresponding quizzes and print them out separately. Have each student read one assignment on paper and take its test and then a second on the IPAD (on a different day so not to fatigue reader) and take that test. Make sure both passages are identified as the same reading level. Then score and compare. Does using an

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 28 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing IPAD impact scores? Also note any behavioral changes between paper usage and IPAD usage and add that analysis. PRINT NAME:______246. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Identifying Emotions: Investigating if People Can Determine Someone's Emotional State from Facial Expressions The objective of this study is to determine whether humans can accurately identify other's happy or sad emotions purely through facial expressions. Camera, 10 original test subjects, 20 test subjects, pencils, pictures of people/objects/animals, Ipad/Computer and survey. Took pictures of 10 subjects expressing emotions and showed those pictures to 20 subjects responding to a survey. PRINT NAME:______247. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Is note taking really as necessary as Mrs. Harrison insists it is? The objective of this project is to investigate if note-taking actually helps with comprehension, retention, and test-taking at the middle school level and whether the test scores improved with the increase in number of skills used to comprehend the information. Sixteen test subjects should be selected from a middle school class. Nine passages with the assessment/quiz containing 7-8 questions were selected for the experiment. The experiment was designed in three parts. Each part consisted of three tests and each part used an increasing number skills. Each test was conducted such that the test environment was the same. In the first part, students were asked to read a passage. After 25 minutes, they were given the short quiz associated with the passage. The entire process was repeated two more times with different passages. In the second part, the same procedure was repeated with three different passages but the test subjects were asked to follow along with the passages read to them. It was again repeated two more times. The last part of my procedure involved students following along and taking notes as the passage was read to them. This was repeated two more times with different passages. The students answered the same number of questions for each part. The results of the three quizzes/assessments were averaged and then compared to the other trials to determine which method lead to the best comprehension. PRINT NAME: ______248. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: Occupation Fascination: A Study of Gender Role Stereotypes in Young Children The purpose of this experiment was to investigate gender role stereotypes among young children. It was hypothesized that if the gender of a child affects whether he or she will draw a picture of a male or female in a certain professional role, then more males will draw a man and more females will draw a woman in the role. Fifty kindergarten children were asked to draw figures of a veterinarian and a karate black belt, two professions typically populated by males. They were given 15 minutes to draw with assorted crayons on white paper. After they had finished their drawings, they were asked to name each figure. The pages were then collected and analyzed to determine the gender portrayed in the drawings. PRINT NAME:______249. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: The Effects of Given Names on a Shelter Animal's Adoptability The goal of my project was to test the adoptability of animals based on their assigned name. I have talked to many shelter officials to see what kinds of names they are using in their shelters as well as reviewed their online adoption sites. Names given to animals typically fall in one of these 5 categories - food, human, characters, silly, and negative connotation. I made a survey consisting of 9 animals, each with five name options. For each animal, one name represented each category of name. Survey respondents were asked to pick which names made them most and least likely to adopt the animal. To eliminate the bias due to what the animal looked like, and how well the names fit that animal, I made five variations of the survey, each with the same names sets in front of different animals. PRINT NAME:______250. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: "App"solutely Irresistible Excessive Use of Electronic Video Games: Do Children Excessively Use Electronic Games The goal of this project is to determine how much time people spend on their technology devices & whether age/gender impacts this. The information learned from this experiment may assist people in making better decisions about their technology usage. Test subjects went about their normal usage for seven days. After seven days, they accessed their data usage by accessing the #Battery# option within "Settings" on their Apple devices. The users took a screenshot of the data and submitted it for analysis. Can add: "If I survey members of different age groups (11 years old and younger, 12-18 years old, 19 years old and older) about their electronic video gaming habits, then members of the youngest age group will excessively use non-internet games more than internet games because internet games are more complex, they involve social interactions and younger children have less freedom to use the internet when compared to older children and adults. To test my hypothesis, I made a questionnaire based off of DSM-5's criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder which may become an official diagnosis in the future. A total of 426 people in the community completed my questionnaire. I recruited participants at movie theaters, Mall, arcades, and various schools ranging from elementary to University level. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed and compared to the DSM-5 criteria and new information from the Department of health regarding number of hours of screen time daily. PRINT NAME:______251. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: The Morality of Middle Schoolers The objective of this project was to discover whether or not age and gender affects middle schoolers moral decisions. Using Google survey, notebook, stopwatch or clock, survey 50 middle schoolers and adults (even groupings) with several moral dilemmas taken from Listverse.com and a moral dilemma quiz (such as stealing from the rich to give to the poor on survey monkey and analyzed the results to see if either age or gender played a part in the responses. PRINT NAME:______252. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: True Colors: A Study of Implicit Bias Race relations have always been a difficult and sometimes painful topic to discuss in America. In the recent presidential elections, racial biases and attitudes seemed to be a major factor, something I found very discouraging. It was in this environment that I sought to better understand the way people of different races see each other. I wanted to determine whether children nowadays typecast others because of their skin tones, whether these attitudes change as they get older, and will gender affect their viewpoints. My experiment is based on a landmark study carried out by Kenneth and Mamie Clark in the 1940s. They found that people exhibited implicit bias in how they judged others based on skin color. Show students, in grades Kinder through 8th, pictures of girls that were identical in everything but skin color. Participants were asked which characters were prettiest or least pretty, smartest or least smart, good or bad, which skin color they themselves had, and which color they would

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 29 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing prefer. I organized the data by grade, gender, and what skin color the participants associated themselves with. PRINT NAME:______253. COMPUTER SCIENCE : Compression vs Image quality on digital photographs= have you ever emailed a cool photograph to someone just to be disappointed in the quality of the photograph the received? Or noticed that your phone doesn’t take as nice a photograph as a camera? Objective is to compare at least two different image compression algorithms and rate them for image quality (subjective ranking of 1 to 10) resolution (what is the size of the smallest detail you can distinguish) and compression ration size of original image /size of the new compressed image) In this project you'll learn about how digital image files are encoded, and how digital images can be compressed so that the files take up less storage space and can be transmitted more quickly. You will also measure the quality of compressed and uncompressed images, which will give you important insights into the tradeoffs between file size and image quality. PRINT NAME: ______254. COMPUTER SCIENCE : Gaming for intelligence? ? Can computer games be used to educate? Pick a game that incorporates educational material. There are a variety of educational computer games on the market in the areas of math, history, science, and language, as well as many simpler versions free on the Internet. Make up a test based on the subject area covered by the computer game. Have your volunteers take the test before and after playing the game. Does playing the computer game improve people's score on the test? PRINT NAME: ______255. COMPUTER SCIENCE : Music mood in gaming? Change/Use music to indicate a change of event, mood, or character presence in a video game. Either through a game you code yourself or manipulation of another game. Have you ever wondered about the various types of music in a video game you've played? You may not have paid much attention to the music, but its job was to enhance your gaming experience. In fact, the wrong kind of music can detract from the atmosphere of the game. Can you imagine the music in Mario KartTMplaying in Street Fighter®? In a game, music can indicate many different things, such as a special or new event, shift of mood, or the arrival of a character. This kind of music is called procedural music, and it changes according to what happens in the game. In this video and computer game, you will design a game that uses procedural music to enhance the player's gaming experience. PRINT NAME: ______256. COMPUTER SCIENCE : The goal of this project is to write a JavaScript program that plays Tic-Tac-Toe. This project will take you through the steps of creating the interface for the game. You will need to take it from there and write the algorithms to create a computer opponent. This is a more challenging JavaScript project: can you write a program that can play Tic-Tac-Toe? You'll have to figure out a way to translate the game strategy into a computer algorithm. The project will show you how to create a working Tic-Tac-Toe board on a webpage. Your challenge will be to show the computer how to play. Just think: you'll be creating artificial intelligence! PRINT NAME: ______257. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Follow the bouncing ball! The goal of this project is to investigate the effects of timing interval and step size on perceived animation smoothness. You will write a simple JavaScript program that will move an object around on a Web page. This project will help you create more advanced Web pages that could have any type of animation. This project is a fun way to try your hand at programming. You'll learn how to create some simple animations, and you'll perform tests and make measurements to help you create more realistic-looking animations. All you need to get started is a Web browser and a text editor (like Notepad). PRINT NAME: ______258. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Here is a project that combines Computer Science and Mathematics. Prove a method for circumscribing a circle about a triangle (as shown). You'll also learn how to create an interactive diagram to illustrate your proof, using an applet that runs in your Web browser. This project has two objectives 1) write a mathematical proof for the construction of a circle that circumscribes a triangle 2) illustrate the proof with a dynamic figure created with the Geometry Applet AND/OR Prove a method for inscribing a circle within a triangle (as shown). You'll also learn how to create an interactive diagram to illustrate your proof, using an applet that runs in your Web browser. This project has two objectives 1) write a mathematical proof for the construction of a circle inscribed in a triangle2) illustrate the proof with a dynamic figure created with the Geometry Applet PRINT NAME: ______259. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Killing Vampires: To investigate, and ultimately reduce, the amount of power that computer peripherals (like printers, monitors, and speakers) use. What do you think about killing vampires? No, no, not the kind that drink people's blood, but the kind that suck your power and money away. Equipment like televisions, computers, printers, and fax machines all use electricity to operate, of course, but do you realize that this equipment might still be sucking electricity from the wall, even when you think it's turned off? These electricity-suckers are called vampire loads. In this science project, you will investigate how much power these vampire loads consume in one day. Specifically, you will investigate the "vampires" among your computer peripherals, which include equipment like printers, monitors, printer fax machines, and anything else that you use with your computer. Can you improve performance? PRINT NAME: ______260. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Pinwheel Magic: In this computer science project, you will create a pinwheel animation in Scratch that will spin as a response to user input from the PicoBoard. Do you enjoy watching cartoons and animated films like How to Train Your Dragon and Toy Story 3? Do you have fun playing video games? What do all of these things have in common? Fantastic computer animation, that's what! It's a cool job to take an interesting story or game and make it more entertaining by animating it. In this computer science project, you won't animate a full-length feature movie, but you will animate a pinwheel—a project that can go a long way toward creating your own longer animations! You will create an animated pinwheel that can spin as a result of a push of a button or puff of breath. How? Not by magic, but by writing a simple computer program. Don't worry, even if you've never programmed before, this pinwheel animation magic is within your reach. PRINT NAME: ______261. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Sudoku Check: Can you create a program to double check Sudoku answers for the Harrison Hawk warmups?! The goal of this project is to write a JavaScript program to check a Sudoku puzzle answer. This is a good intermediate-level

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 30 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing programming project for anyone interested in Sudoku puzzles. Sudoku puzzles have become extremely popular over the past couple of years. You can find books of puzzles for beginners to experts, and many newspapers print Sudoku puzzles daily. This project challenges you to write a computer program to check if your Sudoku solution is correct. PRINT NAME: ______262. COMPUTER SCIENCE: Weather Prediction: Can you remember what the weather was like last week? Last year? Here's a project that looks at what the weather was like for over a hundred years. You'll use historical climate data to look at moisture conditions in regions across the continental U.S. You'll use a spreadsheet program to calculate the frequency of different moisture conditions for each region and make graphs for comparison. Which part of the country has the most frequent droughts? The most frequent periods of prolonged rain? The most consistent precipitation? Compare forecasts with your program to the actual national weather. How accurate were you? PRINT NAME: ______263. ENGINEERING Skyscrapers! In this science project, you will build a tower of Lego® Duplos® on slopes of varying angles and determine how deep the foundations need to be to keep the tower standing upright. Have you ever looked up at a skyscraper and thought "That is so cool!"? Building a skyscraper, or any structure, is more than just building the walls, windows, and floors. All structures require a foundation to keep them from falling down. This is especially important when a structure is built on a hill or on a slope. In this science project, you will build a tower of Lego® Duplos® on slopes with different angles. You will investigate how deep you have to dig the foundation for each angle of slope. determine the slope and then the angle of the slope The tower should be straight up and not tilted Aim a small ball at the tower. Let go of the ball. Make sure that the ball hits the tower. Did the tower fall over? If not, did the tower move? If the tower did move, quantify the movement by measuring the size of the gap between the tower and soil Increase the angle of the slope by adding a few bricks to the higher end Make a graph based on the information in your data table. For each slope angle, plot the foundation depth (x-axis) versus the gap (y-axis) and f the tower fell PRINT NAME: ______264. ENGINEERING/STRENGTH OF MATERIALS: Are composites of wood stronger than solid wood? There are many types of construction materials used for wood-frame houses. Compare the different uses for and strengths of different building materials, e.g.: particle board, plywood, pine, oriented strand board (OSB), and drywall (gypsum board, SheetRock). Start by compare USB, ply wood and wood strips from 2x4s all sawn to the same size. Create a rig that will apply force that can be measured with a spring scale (p149 JBBochinkski has a sample for twisting or torsion testing but there are better ones on the Internet) so that you can measure the force being applied to the wood. Then apply the force to the wood and measure the degree of movement the wood takes before it stressed to failure (starts to splinter). Compare the stress, strain, and strengths You should be sure to use the same cross-sectional area of each material in order to make fair comparisons. (Hess, 2006)Be sure to wear personal protective equipment and have an adult to supervise. Many wood-workers are often willing to help with a project like this home depot type places that have classes may help as will community colleges like RCC with art/wood working classes. PRINT NAME:______265. ENGINEERING: Can I Make a Small Scale Oxyhydrogen Powered Rocket Launcher? It needs to launch the rocket. It needs to be safe, not too difficult to build and low cost. It needs to go over twenty feet in the air and be repeatable. Example project tried: tested four different prototypes using a two liter soda bottle as the rocket and all used the same fuel cell to generate oxyhydrogen. The first prototype used a traffic cone and a plastic bucket. The second used a pvc pipe. The third used a separate combustion chamber and a one way ball and spring valve. The fourth used a separate ABS combustion chamber. PRINT NAME:______266. ENGINEERING: Designing Stronger Lightweight Support Columns The choice of regular polygon shape for the perimeter of a short hollow structural support column can increase a column's compression strength by several times. The objective is to determine why shape causes a significant difference in strength so that stronger lightweight support columns can be made. Research and construct a variety of columns with different geometric patterns. Can be done with heavy cardboard and a glue gun. Then to test you could place flat cardboard and container on top of each column then add incremental weights until column collapse. Record changes and measure total weight on the column at collapse make sure to calculate average collapse weight for each set of trials to determine which was the strongest column and compare that to columns in architecture. PRINT NAME:______267. ENGINEERING: Geodome Design Strength. Have you ever seen a geodome form? It’s a house or building with a dome shape to it. Why would engineers use this design? How strong is it really? The goal of this project is to build a geodesic dome using struts made from rolled-up newspaper. You will determine the strength-to-weight ratio of the resulting dome Geodesic domes are made of interconnected triangles that approximate the shape of a sphere. This project shows you how to build a geodesic dome using rolled-up newspapers and tape. How much weight do you think your dome will support? How much does the dome weigh? How strong is it? To test your dome's strength, see how many magazines you can load on top. What was the strength-to-weight ratio of the dome? Did the results surprise you? What was the hardest part of building the dome and how do you think this would translate to the domes on a sports arena for example? PRINT NAME: ______268. ENGINEERING: Has technology gotten to the point where a robot can actually keep up with a human in various activities? The objective of this project is to show the comparison between robots and humans in the real world. One of my major goals during my science project was to prove that robots can keep up with humans with today's newest technology. Another major goal was to show how easy it can be to build, maintain, and make a robot function with today's modern technology. Complete a total of 15 tests MINIMUM for each side. They could sort lego bricks into cups and KNEX materials to incorporate different shapes. .PRINT NAME:______269. ENGINEERING: Holding power of nails - How strongly do different types of nails hold in wood? Try different diameters of nails, and try pounding them to different depths. To gauge the holding strength, measure how difficult it is to remove the nail. Can you pull it out with a pair of pliers? Can you remove it with the hammer claw? Do you have to push only a little bit, moderately hard, or as hard as you can? Do you need a crowbar? What happens if you pre-drill holes for the nails, using drill bits that are different percentages of the nail diameter? You can also try different types of wood as an independent variable. Another idea would be to compare the holding strength

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 31 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing of various sizes of wood screws vs. nails. Or even adhesive products such as Liquid Nails. (Hess, 2006) PRINT NAME: ______270. ENGINEERING: Hookes Law The goal of this project is to investigate Hooke's law and see how a spring can be used to weigh objects. Hooke's law says that the opposing force of a spring is directly proportional to the amount by which the spring is stretched. How accurately Hooke's law describe the behavior of real springs? Can springs be used to make accurate scales for weighing objects? Spring into action and find out for yourself with this project Compare to conventional scales for accuracy and consistency PRINT NAME:______271. ENGINEERING: How Do Different Filaments and Fill Patterns Affect the Strength of a 3D Printed Object? This project's objective is to compare the strengths of 3D printer plastics and internal structures under a variety of stresses: shear, torsion, flexure, and tension. Create various rectangular prisms (ten per substrate) using different (density must be the same if testing different shapes shape must be the same if testing different density) 3D printer filaments, and for each of those plastics, the objects' internal structure was honeycomb, rectilinear, or linear. Using clamps and simple wood test devices, apply flexure, shear, torsion, and tension stresses to each of the objects and record the maximum reading applied to the objects. PRINT NAME:______272. ENGINEERING: How Do Structures of Rigid Eggshells Affect Their Strengths and How Can This Be Used in Designing Temporary Shelters? The purpose of my project is not only to test the strength of different rigid eggshells, but also to try to create an affordable, easy to construct, and overall better temporary home. Three different types of eggs, emu, chicken, and quail, were tested to determine their strength against impacts of varying mass and height. Through equalizing equations and ratios the eggshell shown to be the most resilient was used as the bases for the shelter PRINT NAME:______273. ENGINEERING: Keeping the suspension – Which bridge is stronger suspension or bridge? The goal of this project is to compare the strength of two simple bridge designs: a beam bridge vs. a suspension bridge. Suspension bridges, with their tall towers, long spans, and gracefully curving cables, are beautiful examples of the work of civil engineers. How do the cables and towers carry the load of the bridge? Can a suspension bridge carry a greater load than a simple beam bridge? PRINT NAME: ______274. ENGINEERING: Straw Strength : The objective of this science fair project is to determine whether straw bales are a viable alternative building material by performing a water resistance test. In the fairy tale of the three little pigs, the wolf huffed and puffed and blew down the first pig's straw house. But in reality, straw, tied into bales, is a viable building material that, when used properly, makes sturdy and energy-efficient buildings. Straw is a renewable resource that is available all over the world since it is the byproduct of growing grain. In this science fair project, you will test a straw bale covered with stucco to see if it's water resistant, and evaluate if it's comparable to conventional building materials. PRINT NAME: ______275. ENGINEERING: Strength of materials. How can we make something we normally think of as flimsy become strong? learn about compression forces. For this experiment you'll need some empty toilet paper tubes, masking tape, sand (or table salt), pebbles (or marbles), a funnel, a cardboard box, and a sturdy chair to help you balance while testing the column. Seal one end of the tube with masking tape. Use the funnel to fill the tube with sand (or salt). Seal the other end with tape. Place the tube on end inside the paper box. Place the chair with its back to the box and hold the chair for balance. Place one foot on top of the tube and gradually shift more and more of your weight to that leg. Does the tube support your weight? What happens if you fill the tube with something with larger particles, like pebbles or marbles? Will a single large column or several smaller columns support more weight? (WGBH Staff, 2000) 276. ENGINEERING: Strong straws – Start with 7 drinking straws and 14 paper clips. Use the paper clips to fasten the straws together. Here's how: 1) Clip two paper clips together, narrow end to narrow end. 2) Push the wide ends of each clip into the end of a straw. That's it! Connect four straws to make a square, and three straws to make a triangle. Now test which shape is stronger. Hold the shapes vertically, with an edge or a vertex resting on the tabletop. Have a helper push on the opposite side or vertex. Which shape distorts more easily? How can you strengthen it? (Hint: you can use two more straws and four more paper clips.) What is the most stable structure you can build using no more than 20 straws and 40 paper clips? How much weight will it support? (WGBH Staff, 2000)PRINT NAME:______277. ENGINEERING: The Effect of Wave Barriers on Tsunami-Induced Seiche Waves The goal of this experiment was to determine the effectiveness of different wave barriers at different locations on a tsunami-induced seiche wave. Coastal cities are constantly at risk from waves that can cause serious damage to structures. The aim of this project is to find the optimal wave breaker design that will ensure that these cities are no longer under a threat from waves. This is done by testing various designs of wave breakers using a simulation software that I designed, to see which is the most effective at reducing potential damage. I will evaluate the success of the barrier design by calculating the ratio of the energy transferred into the barrier to the amount of stress on the barrier. My goal is that this ratio for a certain barrier should be at least 10% higher than this ratio for the control, which is a plain wall. A wave tank was constructed using PVC pipe, clear vinyl sheet, and duct tape. Two barriers were constructed using painter sticks and hardware. The other two barriers consisted of a flat brick and a brick placed vertically on its long side. A tsunami wave was generated by pushing a cookie sheet forward eight inches from one end of the tank. Each barrier was tested 10 times at three predetermined locations within the wave tank that corresponded to three points within a standing wave. Each trial was videotaped from 3 different angles and timed with a stop watch. I wrote my simulation in Python using the libraries "matplotlib", "pandas", "numpy", "math", and "random". I am also using the "tkinter" library to display the simulation in a GUI. The simulation is essentially a 3d graph with a particle at each point on the graph. This particle is either air, water, or is part of the barrier. As the simulation progresses, these water particles move towards the barrier in a wave, thus simulating a wave hitting a barrier.PRINT NAME:______278. ENGINEERING: The Shape of Strength: Geometric Shape Impact on Truss Design My goal is to understand how different geometric shapes affect the strength of a truss or bridge design. Does a truss composed of right triangles support more, less, or an equal amount of weight than a truss composed of equilateral triangles? There are different types of designs, which is the strongest over a large SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 32 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing spans? The goal of this project is to investigate which type of bridge has the greatest weight bearing capacity.Do some bridge designs hold more weight than others? Do they require more materials? What is the strongest bridge that can be built for the least amount of materials? Using a paper bridge for pennies for the science fair project first I have to build a bridge using a single sheet of paper (8.5 by 11inches) and up to five paper clips what design will hold the most pennies? The area beneath the span must be free. To test your bridge place two books 20cm apart and set the bridge on the books, spanning the gap. Which bridge holds as much weight as you expect it would? How does this relate to real bridge building . And does it matter if i spread them out evenly or put them all in the center? Why or why not ? This could also be done using popsicle sticks or toothpicks or for the trusses After experimenting with prototypes made out of Legos and discovering what went wrong with them, I built two styles of trusses out of bass wood that have equal lengths of horizontal members; one set of trusses was made up of equilateral triangles and the other set was made up of right triangles. I then added weights to the center of each truss and found the amount of weight that caused the truss to fail or break. I supported my data with free body diagrams and mathematical calculations. PRINT NAME:______279. ENGINEERING: What makes some concrete stronger than others? What is cement? Where does it come from? Do your research and then create an experiment to test various mixes of concrete. Use different amounts of aggregate and cement to create the mix. You could also experiment with different sized aggregate or mixtures of large and small particles. You could find out how the ratio of sand to cement changes the strength of concrete. Which will be the strongest? Which will be the heaviest? Which will be the most dense? Create bricks with the varied mixtures/components. To test strength, stack weights upon the edge of concrete brick samples and record which holds the most weights before cracking. Or if you make the concrete in long planks, you could use a C clamp and suspend the weight in a bucket until failure. For each brick type, calculate the average load that caused failure to quantify the strength differential PRINT NAME:______280. ENGINEERING: Which is better for the Bot- wheels or treads? The objective of this project is to measure robot efficiency when using treads versus wheels for first responder use in natural disasters or national emergencies. The goal of the project is to determine whether treads or wheels are faster and use less energy on various terrains selected Build a robot that can be configured to switch from treads to wheels; it must include the head for the IR control then measure 3 meters of each terrain, asphalt, concrete, grass, dirt, and sand “tracks” for competition. Run the robot through each terrain ten times switch treads to wheels and repeat. Compare to determine which is most efficient for the robot. PRINT NAME:______281. ENVIRONMENT/BOTANY: Can water plants be used to determine water quality? Wetland ecosystems are very fragile and susceptible to the toxic dumping of sewage and fertilizer runoff. One common plant called duckweed inhabits many wetland marshes, it grows by asexual reproduction and floats on the surface and you can grow it easily in bowls of water. Utilizing water plants, test a variety of water sources to compare for contamination or pollutant levels. Determine if water plants can be a good indicator of the purity of a water source PRINT NAME:______282. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING From John to Lawn? Is recycled water really safe? Reclaimed (treated) wastewater can be used for many purposes, including landscape watering and freeing up valuable fresh water for other purposes (like drinking water). It's a great way to conserve water, but is it really safe? This science fair project is designed to find out. The objective of this science fair project is to investigate if watering with recycled water affects the safety of school lawns. growing three patches of lawn in three separate miniature greenhouses Water one lawn patch with recycled water, one with distilled water, and the third with tap water. Measure the growth rates of each grass patch and compare their general appearances. PRINT NAME:______283. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING: How much does a Hybrid reduce pollution emissions? Are you concerned about global warming and greenhouse gases? Here's a project that shows how hybrid electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Compare your own car's greenhouse gas emissions to hybrid cars you can start by using online data from PG&E and Google.org's RechargeIT project The goal of this project is to compare the equivalent carbon dioxide emissions of your family car(s) with that of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles PRINT NAME:______284. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING: Water-wise Rain recycling? For your science project, try designing and building a rainwater collection system for non-potable water use. Remember that the collected water is not for drinking. there are several sources online from which you can get ideas and plans on how to build a collection system You will have to take several issues into account, the most important being that the collection of rainfall in some states in the United States is subject to water-rights limitations. Look into your state's water laws prior to starting this project. Another issue to consider is the kind of roof you will be collecting the water from. What kinds of roofs add contamination to the water? Is one type of roof better for collecting rainwater than another? What is the average rainfall in the area in which you live? How much water can you harvest in a month? In six months? How much money can your household save? Is collecting rainwater useful for your household? COMBO/ALT: Collect/Recycle DEW: To build two dew traps of different diameters and determine how the amount of water collected depends on the surface area of the trap. Most of us live in areas where sources of water exist nearby as oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds, streams, reservoirs, wells, or even underground streams. But in some places, like the desert, water is hard to find and a precious resource. In this environmental engineering science project, you will investigate one way that people living in arid regions can collect water inexpensively: dew traps. PRINT NAME: ______285. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINERING Remodeling for efficiency? Has your house (or one of your friend's houses) been remodeled recently? Were any improvements made for energy efficiency (solar systems, better insulation, passive solar heating, better lighting)? Compare your family's energy costs for a similar time period before and after the remodeling (remember that energy usage often varies seasonally). Monthly bills often have a bar graph showing energy usage for the previous 12 months. You may also be able to get information on past energy usage through your electric company's website. Ask your parents for help to access the online records. Did the improvements save you money? Analyze the cost of the remodeling work that was specific to energy efficiency (for example, if

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 33 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing your house got a new roof, and insulation was added, find out what was the extra cost for the insulation, don't use the entire cost of the roof). Calculate how long it will take for the energy savings to pay for the improvements. PRINT NAME:______286. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINERING Solar power to clean water! How can seawater from the oceans be turned into fresh water that is suitable for people to drink? Have you ever thought about being stranded on a desert island? How would you find water to drink? What would you need to survive? In this science fair project you'll discover how to turn the ocean into a source of freshwater by using the power of the Sun. Through a process called solar desalination! In this science project, you will make a solar desalination apparatus using readily available materials, and a power source that is free. How much water can the device produce, and is it still salty at all? What factors affect how effectively saltwater is turned into fresh water? A hand drill is needed for some steps. you will make freshwater from saltwater using solar power and the water cycle, and investigate how salinity affects this process Build and test a solar-powered device for desalinating water and investigate how the color of the bottom of the device affects its efficiency. PRINT NAME:______287. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINERING: Soil bearing capacity – The goal of this project is to test the bearing capacity of different types of soil. Foundations for many types of structures rest on soil. This project shows how you can investigate the bearing capacity of different types of soil. You can make a simple experimental apparatus for measuring soil bearing capacity in a plastic tub. You'll need a piece of 1- inch diameter dowel, about as long as your tub is high. Mark off 1-cm increments along the length of the dowel Make a platform from a small piece of wood or hardboard and attach it firmly to the top of the dowel with a wood screw and glue Load the platform with weight (e.g., container + 500 ml water), and record how far the dowel penetrates into the soil compute the pressure applied to the soil by the weighted dowel. Pressure is the force per unit area. Compare the results from the different soils- which would be better for building a structure on? PRINT NAME:______288. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Air conditioning efficiency. Does it require less air-conditioning to cool a room that has less students sitting in it during the same time of the day? Does it require less air-conditioning to cool a room of primary students versus for example larger eighth graders? Calculate the difference in body mass and record the difference in room temperatures. Does there appear to be a difference consistent with this theory? If so, what would your recommendation be for providing maximal air-conditioning efficiency throughout the school? PRINT NAME:______289. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE/ECOLOGY: Ecological Footprints The sustainability of our planet's resources ultimately depends upon our actions as citizens. How much we drive, what we eat, whether we have pets, and whether we recycle are all individual actions that affect the sustainability of the Earth's resources. Learn how ecological footprinting works and figure out how big your footprint is. How big is your family's footprint? Your school? A local business? Can you propose ways to increase or decrease the size of your ecological footprint? Develop your own way to measure ecological impact. How do people measure up using your tool? (Redefining Progress, 2002; Redefining Progress, 2004) PRINT NAME:______290. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE/ECOLOGY: Select a coastal region or ecosystem and determine the effects of human activities (such as pollutants and overfishing or oil drilling) on the survival of its inhabitants. Collect data and research that has been collected on this topic from the EPA, National fish and wildlife foundations, national marine fisheries services, etc and assemble graphs and charts to organize and summarize the data. What effect does this have on the marine ecosystems- dolphins, whales, etc? Does this affect birds and mammals? These conservation organizations and government agencies may help guide you on this project. What are possible solutions based on previous research and practical experience? What solutions are currently being attempted? What has the success rates been for these solutions? PRINT NAME:______291. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE/ECOLOGY: You might know that lead can be toxic, and that you can get lead poisoning from eating or inhaling old paint dust. Lead is called a heavy metal, and there are other sources of heavy metals that can be toxic, too. Silver, copper, mercury, nickel, cadmium, arsenic, and chromium are all heavy metals that can be toxic in certain environments. In this experiment, find out if one common heavy metal, copper, can be toxic to an aquatic environment. In this experiment you will test the effects of the heavy metal copper (Cu) on an aquatic environment containing snails and plants This project requires adult supervision when handling and measuring copper sulfate granules. Wear gloves and safety goggles when measuring. Dispose of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solutions and leftover granules according to local pesticide disposal regulations. PRINT NAME:______292. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE/ENERGY Does the color of a house affect the cooling energy required? Make 5 miniature homes from cardboard boxes and paint their sides and roofs very different colors. Place thermometers inside the little houses and place them out into the direct sunlight (or use a sun lamp or easily focused lamp) and record the temperatures inside the houses every 15 minutes for 2 hours. Repeat the process on two sunny days in order to ensure accurate results. Is there a difference in the heat absorption in the different color homes? What trends did you find? From this what would you recommend for people painting their houses? Are the houses in your area using the most energy efficiency coloring systems? How would this affect the air conditioning bill? Does it matter which color is on the roof versus the siding? You could repeat this process placing the boxes onto bags of ice to represent cooling effects and discuss how this would affect the heating bills as well. I constructed a new contraption using thermostats, various colored cloth, plastic bottles, a heat lamp, a fan, wiring, boxes, and a thermometer to measure the temperature of colors within a designated area for heat to vent out to. 8 colors of cloth were wrapped around bottles to be placed in the contraption and timed with a stopwatch as each temperature reached 90 degrees. Data was recorded in statistical data formats for easier comparison among the times of the colors. PRINT NAME: ______293. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Are Nitrate and Nitrite Levels Reduced in the Natural vs. Concretized Sections of the Santa Ana River? The objective of this study is to determine if there is a difference in nitrate and nitrite pollution levels in the natural bottom versus concretized sections of the River used collection vials, Los Angeles river water samples, and chemical test strips. I collected, measured

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 34 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing and compared nitrate and nitrite concentrations in two water samples taken weekly from the natural bottom and concretized sections of the river. PRINT NAME:______294. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: How clean is that beach sand you are burying your dad in? Study of E. coli and Coliforms in Sand from Parks and Beaches The experiment was to measure the presence or absence of Escherichia coli (E.coli) in different samples of sand collected from different locations Which do you think will be more contaminated? Samples of sand are measured out then the sand was mixed in with water in a Ziploc bag. After a vigorous hand mixing for 2-3 minutes, the water was poured out and filtered to get out any impurities. After filtering, the water was either poured into a test kit (several available on market) that measured presence/absence of E.coli or a lab kit that was sent back to the lab to quantify how much E.coli was in the beaker PRINT NAME: ______295. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: How expensive is that traffic jam? Estimate the amount of fuel used per minute by idling cars in parent’s after work traffic jam or school’s pick-up line, record information for every car that arrived in the pickup line over 5 days days (such as: car number, arrival time, make/model, car type, idling or off, and departure time.) Then calculate the amount of CO2 emitted and the cost of the fuel wasted. Compare the CO2 and money wasted before and after hanging signs describing the costs determined in the parking lot. Calculate any changes in behavior/idling after posting the signs. PRINT NAME:______296. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: How Water Quality Changes along an Open Water System. The experiment determined how water quality changes along an open water system that supplies drinking water (prior to treatment). Samples were obtained at different locations along the water system and were evaluated for changes in bacteriological content, pH and hardness. Alkalinity - Determine amount of Sulfuric Acid necessary to add to water sample to reach a pH of 4.5. Calculate total alkalinity using formula. Hardness - Prepare water sample and determine the amount of titration with EDTA needed to satisfy test. Use formula to determine hardness. Bacteriological- 1. Inoculate the Lauryl Tryptose Broth media with water using 5 tubes with 10 mLs and 5 tubes with 1 mL; 2. Incubate test and culture tubes for 24 hours; 3. Check to see if gas has formed in the culture tubes. If gas has formed, move to Step 4. If not, record data and dispose of the test tubes; 4. Use a sterilized inoculation loop to transfer the culture into three different media (BGB - total, EC - fecal, and EC MUG - E. coli); 5. Move the EC and EC MUG to the fecal bath, and move the BGB tubes to the incubator; 6. Check the tubes in 24 hours. If the EC and EC MUG test tubes don't prove positive for bacteria in the coliform family, record the data and dispose of the test tubes. If the BGB tubes don't prove positive, incubate for another 24 hours; 7. If gas is observed in the culture tubes, repeat Steps 4-6; 8. If gas is still observed, repeat Steps 4-6. This is the last day, so if the test tubes don't prove positive, record your data and dispose of the test tubes; 9. Use the Most Probable Number chart to find the number of bacteria colonies in the water samples. PRINT NAME:______297. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: How Will a Change in Mineral Content in Soil Affect the Amount of Water Retained by the Soil? The effect of two clay minerals, montmorillonite and kaolinite, on water retention in soil was investigated, along with how salt and pH changes these properties. Kaolinite is a 1:1 clay whose layers are held together strongly by hydrogen bonds and does not disperse in water, and montmorillonite is a 2:1 clay whose layers are held together loosely by cation interactions and readily disperses in water. The objective was to see how these clay properties affect water drainage, which can influence water retention for plants, soil surfaces for nutrients, and groundwater replenishment. The approach I used was to set up columns where sand was mixed with different amounts of kaolinite or montmorillonite. The columns were made by drilling holes into the bottom of 50 ml plastic conical tubes and sticking tubing into the holes. Powdered kaolinite and montmorillonite were donated by Dr. Robert Graham, a scientist at UCR. PRINT NAME:______298. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Invasion of the Microplastics! test environment waters to see if plastic microfibers are in waterways and water sources. hypothesis: there are microplastics in waterways leading to ocean and bay waters 13 gallon jugs 1 glass measuring cup 1 clear plastic sheet with printed grid 1 plastic funnel (1.1 cm diameter spout) 1 microscope (Leica# MZ6 dissecting microscope w/light, 6.3-40x magnification) 1 microscope eyepiece camera (AmScope# Microscope Eyepiece Camera 50 mA USB 2.0 DC 5v) 13 plates 13 coffee filters (basket style, approx. 6 micron filter) 1 permanent marker 2 gallons of Arrowhead# Distilled Water 13 Ziploc# Pint Containers (used as filter covers for storage) 1 measuring collection bottle (Nalgene# 13 oz) 1 roll of painter#s tape 1 rubber band Collect samples with measuring cup, fill one gallon jug Record time and location on jug Wash out funnel with distilled water, clean grid with painter#s tape if necessary Filter water samples Analyze water samples under microscope with plastic grid on top of the filter Scan filter square-by-square at 30-40x magnification, counting numbers of fibers Record results PRINT NAME: ______299. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Removing Heavy Metals with an Affordable Home Filter All over the world, heavy metal water contamination is a prominent problem; from the water crisis in Flint, Michigan to the wasteland runoff and unorthodox dumping contaminants leaching into Mumbai, India#s Mithi River. Heavy metals exposure can cause severe diseases and even fatality, making it a paramount problem globally. In California, the drought causing wells to run dry could lead to higher concentration of heavy metals in groundwater. The purpose of this project is to design and build an affordable layered gravity water filter and test water samples for arsenic, copper, lead, and mercury from private wells and Water District sources in Riverside County We built our filter from a cloth coffee filter, ion exchange resin (cation and anion), activated carbon pellets, ion exchange/coconut carbon mixture, kinetic degradation fluxion, tourmaline bio-ceramic balls, and additional fibers. After the filter was built, we collected four raw samples from four wells and 250 mL of each raw sample was sent to a NELAP certified laboratory for heavy metal analysis. Then we filtered the sample from each well with our filter and 250 mL of each filtrate was sent to the same lab for analysis. The concentration of heavy metals in the raw and filtered samples were compared. PRINT NAME: ______300. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Safe from the Fire Flammability Properties of Native and Non-Native Landscape Plants In May of 2014 in So Cal, eight to fourteen fires were burning at the same time. One fire was less than two miles away from my home.The purpose of this

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 35 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing project, was to see which outdoor plants might be least likely to ignite. Which plants should be planted around the perimeter of a house that might help prevent a wildfire from spreading? Based on my research, I believed that planting the right type of plants might help protect houses from wildfire or prevent a wildfire from spreading. In order to reduce the spread of California wild fires The objective of this project is to measure the ignition times (in seconds) of drought resistant plants when they come in contact with an open flame. 12 samples of drought resistant plants, stopwatch, consistent open flame (gas barbecue): Samples were held at a consistent distance over an open flame and ignition times were measured in seconds. Three trials were conducted for each sample. I tested three samples each of ten plants, five native and five non-native. I used a blowtorch to stimulate wildfire and I used my grill for a fire safe location. I used a GoPro to take videos. I set up the grill and wore goggles and welder's gloves. I placed the plant into the tongs. I tested the time to burn, char, disintegrate, and the time until the end of the experiment. PRINT NAME:______301. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Using Kelp as an Indicator of Ocean Pollution -The objective of this project is to determine if kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, is an indicator of ocean Pollution. Will the kelp tell us how polluted the water might be? One Carolina Bacterial Pollution of Water kit, and one set Tetra Easy strips water test strips kit must be acquired. Then collect kelp from several local beaches (must be multiple for an accurate test and may require canoe/boat access for collection. MAY RECEIVE HELP FROM BEACH AUTHORITIES OR LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL GROUPS. Test using Tetra water test strips, which included 25 test strips testing for Nitrate, Nitrite, Hardness, Alkalinity and pH, and a Carolina Bacterial pollution of water test kit. This test kit consisted of petri dishes that tested for both normal bacteria and coliform bacteria. The samples used for bacterial testing were then then incubated for two days. The strip testing samples were then homogenized with water and tested for bacterial/contamination content. PRINT NAME:______302. ENVIRONMENTAL: Reducing solid wastes. It has been estimated that in 5 years, the average American disposes of an amount of solid waste that weighs the same as the Statue of Liberty. Therefore the reduction of disposal on an individual basis is necessary to effectively manage our solid waste (think Wall-E) Ask friends, neighbors, and family (at least 10 people) to record what they discard in a two to three week period. Create a chart they can check-off of commonly discarded items and include areas for them to write in any extra items. Put an area on your chart for people who already recycle to log what was recycled. Collect and analyze your data. Which of the items could be recycled but were not? How much material actually did get recycled? Do some research and contact the waste management company to determine what other methods could be employed to further reduce the amount of solid waste going to the dump. (IE: using canvas grocery bags, etc) Do different generations differ in what and how much they discard? PRINT NAME:______303. ENVIRONMENTAL: Biodegradability of plastic bags, paper bags and newspapers. Test these products in direct sunlight, an active mulch pile (similar to active landfill) and a leaf pile (similar to dry landfill), tap water (similar to a lake) and in salt water (similar to an ocean) Allow materials to stay in their environments for 2 months or longer recording the changes upon removal. Did any of them decompose? If so which did so most thoroughly? What conditions caused the highest rate of decomp? Did plastic bags that were advertised as “biodegradable” appear any different than those that were non-biodegradable? What would you project will happen in the land fills in the next ten years? What does your research say? Decomposing plastics. Measures the relative times required for conventional polyethylene plastic bag and biodegradable plastic bag to decompose. Test to see which container looses the most mass after 190 days and then apply a decomposition rate formula to compare the two products. Examining the times for conventional polyethylene bag and a bag marked biodegradable to decompose in environment. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______304. ENVIRONMENTAL: Effect of increased UV on Humic Material. All natural water systems contain humic material (large organic molecules from breakdown of plant life that serve as basis of aquatic ecosytems) but if the levels of UV radiation are increasing, would they affect the level of humic material? Obtain humic acid from a chemical supply company (such as Aldrich Chemical Co. also pond supplies may have it) Prepare ten solutions having concentrations similar to those in natural water systems. Ranging from 0.5mg/L of organic carbon (sea water) to 30 mg/L of organic carbon (swamp) Use a UV lamp to subject your solutions to increased UV radiation. (Be sure to keep your controls – the ones not exposed to excess UV- away from the lamp) Monitor any changes in concentrations of humic acid using a spectrophotometer (easily purchased at science supply online) or a colorimeter with exposure to UV radiation. Local universities may be very helpful as well as the EPA. PRINT NAME:______305. FORENSIC SCIENCE: Build your own DNA identification tool. In this science project you will build your own gel electrophoresis chamber and use it to compare molecules in different colors of food coloring dye. When biologists want to separate different pieces of DNA, RNA, or proteins they use a technique called gel electrophoresis. In this science project you'll build a gel electrophoresis chamber and use it to discover how many components are in different colors of food coloring dye. PRINT NAME:______306. FORENSICS: Categorizing spatter patterns. Can you predict the spatter? Using small water balloons (representing blood drops) you will drop the balloons from different heights and correlate the size and pattern of the spatter to the distance the balloon fell. How would this be important in police forensics? PRINT NAME: ______307. FORENSICS: Measure the rate of heat loss from an orange (representing a body) and see how the temperature of the surrounding area affects the heat loss and the method for forensics to determine how long a body has been left in the elements. Why would this be important to know? PRINT NAME:______308. GENETICS: Examining a black bird mated with a white bird. What color will the offspring be? Based on this examination – which color is dominant which is recessive. What percentage of offspring end of a certain color. Then to test if the gender of the parent has any affect on this inheritance, in one trial the male will be black the female white, in the other the male white the female black. MUST BE STARTED EARLY PRINT NAME:______

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 36 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 309. GENETICS: May the Best Plant WIN The objective of this science fair project is to determine the effect of the use of Roundup® on the growth of genetically modified plants that are competing with weeds for food and light. Farmers face a variety of challenges in their efforts to grow crops. One of the chief challenges is the presence of unwanted plants (weeds) that compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, and light. If the weeds are not suppressed, they can reduce or completely eliminate the amount of food derived from the crop at harvest. In this biotechnology and plant science fair project, you will simulate the competition between crop plants and weeds, and determine whether the use of an herbicide, Roundup®, provides a growth advantage to genetically modified plants Specialty items: Genetically modified seeds can be purchased online. Very Long (1+ months) PRINT NAME:______310. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY How does the body react to stress? Volunteers will be put into a known stressful situation and their blood pressure and pulse will be compared before and after to determine if there is a stress response. PRINT NAME: ______311. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY Olfactory Fatigue? To determine the time it takes to reach olfactory fatigue for different substances and smells and to establish if gender plays a role in the response The holidays are a wonderful time, when lots of good foods and good smells come from the kitchen. But have you noticed that if you stay in the kitchen awhile, you no longer notice the delicious smells? Don't worry! Your nose is not broken, you are just experiencing olfactory fatigue—basically, that's when your nose takes a nap. But what is behind olfactory fatigue and what happens when you experience it? Does a person's sense of smell "get tired" in the same way for different smells? Put your nose to work and answer these questions. PRINT NAME:______312. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY Taste Threshold? The goal of this project is to determine your threshold of taste for sweetness, sourness and saltiness. You will determine what is the lowest concentration of a solution that still has perceptible taste for salt, sugar and vinegar This project is so good you can taste it! You'll find out how sensitive your tongue is for three different types of taste: sweet, sour and salty. Mix different % by weight of materials into distilled water to survey for taste identification. PRINT NAME: ______313. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Wheel Running During Adolescence Reduces Weight Gain and Increases Exercise Output During Adulthood To determine whether physical exercise during adolescence will have beneficial effects in adulthood such as decreased body weight and greater exercise output. Adolescent (43-day-old, n=5 males) and adult rats (70-day-old, n=6 males, n=6 females) were single housed in rat cages equipped with running wheels (Nalgene activity wheels) for 6-10 weeks and their activity (number of revolutions of wheel per day) was recorded with VitalView Software (MiniMitter/Resperonics Inc). Rats were weighed once a week to monitor body weight. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee at The Scripps Research Institute. Age matched male (n=13) and female (n=6) non running control rats were single housed in the Vivarium. A total of 36 Long Evans rats were used in my study. Data was analyzed by a statistical software called GraphPad Prism. MAY WISH TO CONTACT UCR BIOLOGY DEPT FOR SUPPORT PRINT NAME:______314. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Are dogs colorblind? Photographs of colored construction paper will be taken with black and white film to determine how colors appear under varying amounts of light. They will simulate how shades of color are perceived by a colorblind animal. A dog will be trained to continuously choose one distinctly different shaded jar (as it appears from the photos) from another shaded jar. Once it is trained to chose that jar, the other jar will be replaced by one that matches the targeted jar’s black and white tone from the photographs exactly but is a different color. The jar positions will be changed frequently to determine whether the dog can still recognize the shaded jar it was trained to choose. Or Blue, Red & Yellow Felt (all the same size), various food & praise rewards, dog. I used the reward system when my dog gave the appropriate trick/response to each of the different colored felts when voice commands were used. I repeated the process above without the use of voice commands until I received the desired result when each of the colored felts were presented in a random order PRINT NAME:______315. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Does regular exercise affect memory? The cliché goes that "A strong body builds a strong mind', but is that really true? This experiment tests the general memory ability on two groups of people--those who exercise regularly, and those who don't. Obtain or devise a basic memory test (there are numerous ones online) and administer the test to a group of people who exercise daily or weekly. Then give the test to the same amount of people who do not exercise on a regular basis. By testing for accuracy and speed, and recording the amount of time that each person exercises each week, you will be able to ascertain a large amount of data that allows you to answer a number of interesting questions, such as: Do those who exercise regularly score better on memory tests? Is there a correlation between amount of time that you spend exercising and your memory score? Does age affect the score on memory test at all? PRINT NAME:______316. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Does Saddle Pad Material Affect a Horse's Core Temperature? The objective of this project was to discover which saddle pad material kept my horse's core temperature the lowest during work to minimize cooling time. Horse, Riding Tack, Wool Saddle Pad, Cotton Saddle Pad, Polyester Saddle Pad, Timer and Digital Thermometer; I rode my horse for thirty minutes using different saddle pads to determine which had the greatest effect on the horse's core temperature. Each test ride occurred on separate days. PRINT NAME:______317. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Hearing loss How do certain professions or sound exposure affect hearing. There are several methods for testing for hearing loss (some of them are on line) Test people who have a profession/life style that can be identified as “quite” versus people that are exposed to loud noise (fire engines, air planes, rock concerts) and determine hearing loss. A good one to add for this: people who listen on ear buds versus those who do not- medical people are worried right now that ear buds promote playing at louder levels increasing hearing loss. PRINT NAME:______318. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: How can you speed up the healing of a bruise? There are several homeopathic treatments for a bruise- magnets, ultrasonic waves, etc, will any of those speed up the recovery time? This can be tested on other injuries too such as cuts or

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 37 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing cold sores, but you must not create the injury- merely treat existing injuries (look for volunteer subjects in athletes) PRINT NAME:______319. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Hypertension in Children Based off of Ethnicity: Prevalence, Causes, and Prevention The objective of this experiment is to conclude whether hypertension is occurring in adolescents, if so specifically which ethnicity has the greater reported incidence cases. It is performed to detect premonitory unknown triggers for hypertension in order to determine prevention of this disease. Also, to come upon a possible cure for hypertension in adolescents. Electric sphygmomanometer along with electric weighing machine, tape measure, and consent forms. Questionnaire of demographic data and genetic history for test subjects. 71 adolescents aging between 9-16 years from 6 different ethnicities. Measure blood pressure 3 consecutive times, weight, and height of each adolescent, also record questionnaire data and readings. Repeat procedures for 49 more students in order to expand project and present the questionnaire. PRINT NAME:______320. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: MUSIC & MATH. My project was to determine if string players do have longer left hand fingers. Wolff's law states that human bones will adapt to the pressure it receives. Supported by that theory. Do the string players have longer left hand fingers compared to their right because they are constantly receiving pressure on their left fingers from pressing down on the strings. Survey music students who have played different years (example: 0-2 yrs, 2-4 yrs, 4-6 yrs, and 6-8 yrs. Determine which group have the biggest difference between their left and right hand finger lengths, and which have least difference between their fingers. PRINT NAME:______321. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Old Taste. The objective was to find out how age affects the ability to taste. Specifically, do the different tastes (saltiness, sourness, sweetness, and bitterness) decrease or increase with age. Example tests: Eleven senior subjects (60+ years old), eight middle-aged subjects (25-59 years old), and nine young subjects (9-24 years old) were recruited Salt, citric acid, sugar and tonic water were used to make three solutions for each taste. The solution order was randomized to make sure the subjects could not guess the taste. Randomization was achieved by putting numbers 1-12 on slips of paper (representing the solutions) in a bag. Ten sequences were pulled out. The test subjects were assigned a sequence. The test was done by following the randomized sequence for each person. The subjects were given a tablespoon of each solution and their responses were recorded. PRINT NAME:______322. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Paw Preference? The goal of this science fair project is to determine whether non-primate mammals (e.g., dogs or cats) have a paw preference, which might indicate lateralization of function in the brain. The great majority of people have a distinct hand preference. How about animals like dogs or cats? Do they show a paw preference? I used: 30 dogs, paper, pencil, dog treats, sticky tape, and a stopwatch. I went to the owner's house held a treat tightly in my hand, and set a timer for 2 minutes. Next, I put a piece of tape on top of the dog's snout, and set a 2 minute timer. Finally, I had the dog sit and stand to see what paw they lead with. PRINT NAME:______323. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Push-Pull Dynamics: The Effect of Pushing Muscles to Failure on Successive Exercises Will performing one set of pushups to failure prior to performing one set of pull ups to failure effect the number of repetitions completed in the one set of pull ups to failure? Control group routine (one set of pull ups to failure), experimental group #1 routine (one set of pushups to failure followed by 30 seconds of rest before one set of pull ups to failure), and experimental group #3 routine (no rest between sets) repeated three times during the course of nine days - every routine performed with 24 hour difference. No physical interactions to cause a warm up, no ingestion or anything to enhance performance. Subjects may hydrate (100% mountain spring water: zero calories, no sweeteners, no artificial colors or flavors). Maintain facial expression, mood, and tone of voice, and routines over the course of nine days. PRINT NAME:______324. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Sound Localization? How accurately can people identify the location of a sound source when blindfolded? determine whether people can localize sound better with one ear or two. Imagine the hemisphere of space that extends above your shoulders at arm's length. Divide that hemisphere up into regular sectors and test the ability of blindfolded test subjects to point to a remembered sound source. For example, you could use the beep from a timer held at each test location, and then have the test subject point to where they think the timer was located. Record the magnitude and direction of the error for each test location. Graph the error results for each test subject, and graph the average error for all test subjects. Where are people best at localizing sounds? Where are they worst? Something to think about for locations behind you: how much of the error is due to difficulty in pointing? (Dettmer, 2005) Each test subject was placed in the center of a room while blindfolded. I would make a sound within the room and I would time and log how long it took the test subject to locate the sound. This test was done with the right ear plugged, then the left ear plugged and finally with the use of both ears. This process was repeated on 50 test subjects. Materials used were blindfold, a timer, duct tape to mark measured spaces in the room 3 1/2 yards apart from the center of a marked circle, measuring tape and ear plugs. I conducted this test on 50 different people EXTENSION- include tests and info from eco-location used by the Blind. PRINT NAME: ______325. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: The Effects of Foods on the Blood Glucose of a Type 1 Diabetic and a Non-Type 1 Diabetic The purpose of this experiment was to determine how different types of foods affect blood sugars. In addition, we were looking at how different types of foods affected a type 1 diabetic#s blood sugar versus a non-diabetic#s blood sugar The goal of this study is to understand the impact of different sugars on blood glucose. After eating, some foods process more quickly and cause the blood sugar to temporarily spike. If the spike stays high, it can cause long-term health complications. Faster digesting sugars such as dextrose, will cause more of a spike, than slower diges ting sugars. Adding fat to carbohydrates slows the digestion process. How do artificial sugars affect this? Find out if different types of sugars have different effects on blood glucose in participants without diabetes, adding fat to the sugar slows down the effect. Type 1 Diabetic, Non Diabetic, 2 blood sugar meters, 2 lancets, Blood sugar test strips, Timer, bread (carbohydrate), meat (protein), Cheese (fat), Juice(fast-acting sugar). Wash Hands. Take & Record a starting blood sugar level for both the Type 1 Diabetic

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 38 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing and Non-Diabetic. Eat the specific food at same time. Every 15 minutes, wash hands and record blood sugar levels for a total of 2 hours. Repeat for all food types. PRINT NAME:______326. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: The Nose Knows The goal of this project is to discover what types of smells are most interesting to dogs. Everyone thinks their dog's the best, but in the case of smelling ability, all dogs possess super powers. In fact, a dog's nose can be over a 1,000 times more sensitive than a human's! In this project, learn about smell from a dog's unique perspective. There will be a whole lot of sniffing going on when you set up these fun experiments to find out what scents your dog and other canine friends find most interesting or appealing. Decide on at least six observations you want to make in each test to determine how interested a dog is in each of the scents (first choice, lingers near item, repetition, physical interaction, vocalization, avoidance) be sure test samples do not interfere with each other. Rember you will need sufficient number of “volunteers” and samples. determine which scent was their favorite did all the dogs favor the same scent? Did they all dislike the same scent? Can you relate these reactions to their ancestor’s survival in the wild? PRINT NAME:______327. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: WII FIT! The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Wii Fit Balance program, as compared to traditional physical therapy balance training. Our hypothesis was that subjects who train on the Wii Fit program will demonstrate greater improvement in balance scores, as compared to the subjects who have a traditional balance training program. We predicted this outcome because, the Wii Fit balance program provides the biofeedback necessary to make the adjustments in order to maintain balance. Example materials: Wii Fit Program, Wii Fit board, Nintendo gaming system,Thera Band, Goniometer,Trampoline, Timer. Tramoline can be used to test balance – eyes open, closed, two feet one foot, etc. PRINT NAME:______328. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY: Will walking a mile improve an individuals overall fitness in one month? In this experiment I will be testing if walking a mile every day actually improves your fitness. I will measure fitness using the Rockport Fitness Walking Test. To do this I will weigh the person, then I will use a stopwatch to time how long it takes them to walk a mile, and then take their pulse. I will use the Rockport formula to calculate each persons VO2: 132.853 - (0.0769 × Weight) - (0.3877 × Age) + (6.315 × Gender) - (3.2649 × Time) - (0.1565 × Heart rate)I will test the subject’s VO2 half-way through and at the end of the month, then compare all three results PRINT NAME:______329. MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY:: Fiber has been associated with great health benefits and yet many Americans are still not getting enough. In this project, research fiber and food constituents, then do a comparison study of the fiber content in various diets. Choose 20 subjects of different ages, genders and ethnicities. Determine the fiber content of your diet and the diet of all your test subjects. Compare and analyze. How much of water insoluble and water soluble fibers are present? Do family members or members of the same generation ingest similar amounts of the same kinds of fibers? What might your results suggest about the risk of heart disease and some cancers based upon the research? Based on fiber alone, are risks more similar in the same family or in the same generation? PRINT NAME:______330. MATERIAL SCIENCE: Fireman Science - What material works best to retard/stop smoke penetration during a fire? The objective of my project is to discover a fire retardant/smoke barrier material that is nonflammable, nontoxic, easy to use, and long lasting using household products. What material will help save people from dying of smoke inhalation? For this experiment, I used a real life scenario of a burning hallway with a closed door in the center. First, I built a hallway and 1/10 scale doorway. Then, deployed 600 grams of various mixtures into the door jambs and door gaps. Exposing one side of the door to 10 minutes of direct fire from a propane torch. In the second experiment, a thoroughly sealed smoke generator was applied to one end of the hallway and then marked the time of fire and smoke penetration from each experiment. MAY BE ABLE TO OBTAIN HELP THROUGH LOCAL FIRE DEPARTMENT FOR TESTING PRINT NAME:______331. MATERIAL SCIENCE: How can you keep your lunch at a safe/cold temperature to ensure it is always safe to eat even on the hottest day at school? Research various materials that can be used for insulation and USDA guidelines for food storage. Then create several lunchbox/personal coolers pack a typical lunch; meat sandwich, yogurt/milk product, granola bar, chips/pretzels, and a fruit and a readily available medium-sized igloo freezer pack. Use a thermometer with an extension cord inserted into food items to test the most perishable item's temperature. All of the tests were done for exactly five hours. There were five trials for each cooler. Find out which ones would keep food at safe temperatures for at least five hours. The goal is to design a lunch/personal cooler which would keep its contents cold enough to comply with the USDA temperature recommendations for perishable food safety. PRINT NAME: ______332. MATERIAL SCIENCE: How can you make the strongest concrete? This projects goal was finding the perfect ratio of sand to cement in order to make strong concrete. Because the world has been experiencing major natural disasters such as earthquakes, stronger and safer buildings are at demand. The concrete made was designed to help the creation of these stronger buildings for the safety of society. Unfortunately there is also a shortage of some of the raw materials for concrete. So various mixtures will be compared for strength and cost to determine the best one for builders to use in the field. PRINT NAME:______333. MATERIAL SCIENCE: Sewing/Tailoring science The objective of my science project was to determine which stitch type makes the strongest seam and see how that strength varies with different thread and fabric types. In this experiment, sewn seams in 120 different fabric samples were tested to find the force at which the seam broke. I created samples with 4 different stitch types, 2 different thread types, and 3 different fabric types. Repeat each combination 5 times and analyzed the results. Build an apparatus that could apply force to pull the sewn samples to failure. For repeatability, an electric winch was used to apply tension at a constant rate and a slow-motion camera to record the exact failure point. PRINT NAME:______334. MATERIAL SCIENCE: What Is the Best Material for a Helmet Lining to Reduce G-forces? The objective is to determine the best material to create a safer helmet for impact sports by reducing g-forces upon impact, which may reduce the risk for athletes. Will a crushable material decrease g-forces to the head by limiting rebounding behavior and spreading the impact over a longer time-frame with a SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 39 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing constant deceleration? Research various methods currently in use for various sporting activities, and different materials available. Molds can be made at a fabrication shop, and football head impact can be tested with a drop arm that “wears” the helmet during crashes as long as it can be controlled to drop with the same force and motion each time. PRINT NAME:______335. MATERIALS SCIENCE: Stressed out!? The goal of this project is to test the weight-bearing capacity of polystyrene structural beams with various cross-sectional geometries. Which is strongest? Which has the best strength-to-weight ratio? Is an I-beam as strong as a solid beam of the same size? What if you include weight in the comparison: which beam has the greater strength-to-weight ratio? Would an I- beam be stronger than a solid rectangular beam of the same weight? What about other structural shapes (e.g., T-beams, U-beams)? In this project you can find out by setting up a test stand, putting on your safety goggles and measuring how much stress these building components can handle before they snap PRINT NAME:______336. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE How Secure Are Your Passwords? The objective is to see what makes a password hard for password cracking software to recover and what variables of a password make it most secure. Laptop, John the Ripper software, Python software, Command prompt. Encrypted sample passwords with python and ran John the Ripper against them while timing it. PRINT NAME:______337. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE Microcontroller Based, Elderly Activity Monitoring System with Intelligent Data Analytics for Early Emergency Detection There is a need for a microcontroller-based, proactive, intelligent healthcare activity monitoring system for seniors and other people that monitors healthcare activities, reporting and alerting any irregularities for preventive care. This system can be deployed for seniors and other people at home or assisted living by caregivers. First, finding cost-effective, open-source, microcontroller-based sensors that can passively monitor daily routine activities, e.g. sleep, medicine dose, bathroom visits, etc. Next, designing, calibrating, and connecting the different sensors to the Arduino microcontrollers. Then, using a Raspberry Pi to connect to the microcontrollers, getting minute data from the sensors, that is aggregated to hourly data, and, once a day, daily data is created with intelligent analytics for the activities, then posting the daily data to the caregiver, for monitoring and detecting any irregularities for preventive care. PRINT NAME:______338. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE Using Stylometry Combined with an In-Class Writing Sample to Detect Plagiarism Classroom teachers sometimes put student essays through a plagiarism detector to search the web for any matching sentences and paragraphs. But this doesn’t detect if the paper was written by ghostwriters. I came up with a system where the teacher uses a one-time in-class writing sample and compares it to future essays with stylometry. This will detect unusual changes in style or vocabulary. The writing sample could be an autobiography, which could be quickly written by most students on the first day of class. The purpose of my experiment is to test my system. I did two preliminary experiments to test a JavaScript tool I made to count letters per word and words per sentence to determine authorship. Preliminary Experiment 1 tested two chapters by the same author. Preliminary Experiment 2 tested two chapters by different authors. The success rates for two chapters by the same author was 10% and the success rate for two chapters by different authors was 50%. My conclusion was that counting letters per word and words per sentence were unreliable for determining authorship, so I tried using Most Frequent Word analysis with Stylo, an open-source library for R. While my JavaScript tool had a success rate that was worse than guessing, Stylo succeeded 70% of the time. I decided to use Stylo in my Final Experiments. In my Final Experiments, I wrote an autobiography and compared it with 10 writing samples I wrote in the past using Stylo to perform Most Frequent Word Analysis.PRINT NAME:______339. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE Autonomous Vehicle Crash Avoidance Algorithms My objective is to figure out which method of crash avoidance, communication or sensing, will be better at avoiding crashes between autonomous vehicles. I hypothesized that communication will be better at avoiding crashes because it takes less time to detect communication signals than detecting events with sensors. If any other vehicle is turning or not can be determined with more certainty with communication. First, two robots were constructed using a Raspberry Pi, ultrasonic sensors, and a gyro sensor. Then, three programs, a UDP communication, ultra sonic sensing, and control algorithm, were written in Python. The turns were decided from a randomly generated sequence based on a seed. Each algorithm was tested for ten different sets of seeds; every time the robots crashed, the time was recorded using a stopwatch. PRINT NAME:______340. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE Building a Driverless Toy Car The aim of this project is to construct a driverless toy car that must avoid obstacles and proceed autonomously from its current location to a target location using a map of available paths. The vehicle is built using Lego Mindstorm pieces and is equipped with two standard servo motors, one for movement and the other for steering, controlled by an onboard Arduino Uno microcontroller. The car is equipped with sensors used to detect and avoid obstacles. I have written the software programs which run on a laptop and an Arduino in C++ and Python. The software uses a map to compute the best path to reach the destination and generates the necessary steering commands. It uses artificial intelligence algorithms such as a steering angle computer known as PID control; I have devised a few algorithms myself, including the trajectory generation and evaluation. Steering commands are sent wirelessly from the computer via Bluetooth to the Arduino Uno PRINT NAME:______341. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE Combatting Cardiac Arrest through a Compact and Portable Heart Rate Monitor and Analyzer The objective of this project is to create a compact and portable heart rate monitor that visualizes pulse into waves, allowing for an easier user experience, and to provide the device with the capability to notify certain persons in case of issues, so that action can be taken faster than through waiting for a medical team to arrive. The materials needed are: breadboard, Polar T34 Heart Rate Transmitter, pi Cobbler, Polar Heart Rate Receiver, 1K ohm resistor, 10mm red LED, portable charger, jumper cables, smartphone. The device was tested by allowing 2 healthy persons of different ages to perform 4 activities and comparing the collected pulse to target pulse for accuracy. Then notifications were tested to make sure that the device could easily send alerts to selected people. PRINT NAME:______SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 40 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 342. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: A Tele-Health Amartphone App to Virtually Prescreen and Connect Rural Patients in Underdeveloped Countries with Doctors The goal is to develop a telehealth, nonprofit app that virtually connects patients in rural parts of underdeveloped countries with volunteering doctors and mobile hospitals, with the help of a health care worker or volunteer. The app will prescreen a patient to diagnose if the patient's condition requires professional personal medical (surgical/non-surgical) attention or not. Lack of health care in rural, poverty-stricken areas of underdeveloped countries in the world is a serious problem that requires immediate attention. 10 million rural children, who did not have access to doctors nearby, died last year from illnesses which could have been treated or prevented if they had been diagnosed early. Many developing countries usually do not have enough access to staff and healthcare equipment to offer healthcare to the patients most in need. The doctor to patient ratio in underdeveloped countries is 6 times less than in developed countries. In poor regions, pregnancies and deliveries are often very risky and unhygienic, due to lack of local physicians. Furthermore, many mothers die leaving behind a newborn who will be 10 times more at risk of dying before his/her fifth birthday The materials used in this project are: the App Inventor 2 programming language, a MacBook Pro Version 10.12.2, and a Nexus 7 Android Tablet. First, I created a flowchart and an algorithm for the app. I developed the app using the App Inventor 2 tool and the laptop. I then created test cases to test the app on a smart phone, and listed all the bugs in the app. I then debugged and fixed the program and uploaded the app onto Google Play Store. NAME:______343. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: ASD Alert! A Novel Low Cost Device to Help Predict and Mitigate Oncoming Autistic Episodes My objective is to build a low-cost device that can measure galvanic skin response and heart rate, reduce stress, and mitigate an oncoming autistic episode by playing music until help arrives. Laptop with Arduino IDE and Processing 3+. Attached galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) sensors to an Arduino Uno R3 using a variety of pins and wires. Created an Arduino program that reads sensor data, a processing program that measures the user#s average heart rate, and a program that took data from serial port, parsed it, graphed it, analyzed it, and played music at the appropriate time. Average heart rate of each tester was recorded and entered into the program. A constant horror video was played to spike GSR and HR readings of the user. PRINT NAME:______344. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: Dumb Jocks or Great Student-athletes? I want to use statistics in a new way to find out if professional athletes who graduate from college perform better than those who don't. I believe that the hard work and focus required to graduate from college will transfer to better performance from college graduate pro athletes. I will analyze current performance statistics to determine if this is true. I gathered data on college graduate pro ball players from several sports-related websites and sports almanacs. I researched their performance compared to the average for the league in seven specific areas. I determined statistical averages for Major League Baseball based upon the average player on the average team for the 2013 season. I expanded my comparison to include NBA basketball league statistics that were readily available from web sources. I graphed the performance data for each league to see if college graduates were above average performers. NAME:______345. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: The objective was to find the best answer to the Monty Hall problem using a computer program I created. Step 1: Create an interactive computer program that stimulates the Monty Hall problem.Step 2: Revise the program so it is automated.Step 3: Run the program in three sessions, with 1,000,000 plays in each session.Step 4: Adjust the program so that it doesn't switch doors.Step 5: Run this version in three sessions, with 1,000,000 plays in each session. PRINT NAME:______346. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: Train that Brain The objective of this project is to develop a computer program application to help people diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) to strengthen and prolong focus and attention Downloaded a software called Unity to create the app. Programmed the Main Menu on the first screen. Created buttons that the user clicks to transfer to different screens. Developed a screen for each game where each subsequent screen corresponded to a game. After creating all of the games, the Main Menu was linked to all the screens and then an exit button was created for each screen except the Main Menu screen. A 15 second timer and a scoreboard to calculate the score for all the games were created. Finally, an unlock\lock system was devised to unlock levels when successfully completed. PRINT NAME:______347. MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER SCIENCE: VibSpeech: A Communication Device for Both Visually and Aurally Impaired The main objective/goal for this project is to create a successful communication device for the aurally and visually impaired. This is being done to help the thousands upon thousands upon thousands of blind AND deaf people, otherwise known as the deaf-blind. The mini goals to achieve this large goal consists of creating a speech recognition program, speech to text program, text to morse code module, morse code to vibrations module, TCP/IP connection, OLED display control, etc. Method/Materials: In order to achieve this project, many mini goals had to be completed. This section will be going over how these mini goals were completed. Speech to text and speech recognition was done by taking out parts of a speech recognition library called "SpeechKit". The others parts of code (listed in the objectives and goals) were all mostly created by the experimenter himself, however, there are a few more libraries assisting here and there. Some of the very important materials consisted of a Raspberry Pi, circuit parts, computer, soldering kit, and several program editors. PRINT NAME:______348. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Antibiotic Resistance: Synthetic vs. Natural I used LB agar plates, and s. epidermidis bacteria. the antibiotics that I used were (natural) ACV (raw apple cider vinegar), honey, garlic, (synthetic) tetracycline, penicillin, and ampicillin. I inoculated six antibiotics into each agar plate and let it grow for two days in and incubator at 38 degrees Celsius. After two days, I measured the zones of inhibition in millimeters. PRINT NAME:______349. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Essential Oils vs. Medications: A Quest to Find the Most Effective Antifungal Agent Since the 1940s antimicrobial medications have been widely used. They have benefited our society in many ways, but over the last decade there has been a growing problem called antibiotic resistance. Each year around 23,000 people die in the United States due to the uprising issue of medication resistance. When this happens medications no longer serve their purpose. One potential way to fight this issue is SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 41 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing through the use of essential oils. The objective of my project is to find out if essential oils are more effective antifungal agents than medications. Candida Albicans was obtained from a doctor of Dermatology, various Essential Oils from Doterra, Nystatin solution and Clotrimazole cream from a Kaiser Pharmacy, agar plates, swabs, tweezers, disks, incubator, gloves, and a sharpie. I used the Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion Test for my experiment. I plated agar plates with Candida Albicans. Then I placed a disk, soaked in either a medication or Essential Oil, into the middle of each agar plate. Over a period of 72 hours, I recorded the "Zone of Inhibition" on each agar plate which shows us the area that each substance inhibited at the specific time intervals. PRINT NAME:______350. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Using Ultraviolet Light to Sanitize Music Instruments My objective is to determine if ultraviolet light can effectively eradicate bacteria from student music instruments. I used sterile nutrient agar plates, sterile swabs, clarinet reeds, saxophone reeds, and a ultraviolet light. The agar is used as a food source for the bacteria. The ultraviolet light was used at various time lengths (30, 90, and 120 seconds). PRINT NAME:______351. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Homeopathic Medicine Trial. My objective was to determine the susceptibility of gut bacteria to natural antimicrobial agents compared to antibiotics. Could chose two bacteria such as a gut bacteria Candida Albicans and Escherichia Coli and relevant antibiotics used to treat each. Fluconazole for Candida Albicans and Ampicillin for Escherichia Coli. The natural antimicrobial agents were, Oregano Oil, Garlic, Turmeric, Thyme, Black Walnut, and Propolis. My hypothesis was all natural antimicrobial agents would inhibit the growth of both Escherichia Coli and Candida Albicans. PRINT NAME:______352. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY The purpose of this experiment is to determine if the antimicrobial properties of honey can combat bacteria to the same extent as a common antibiotic, Kanamycin. I studied the efficacy of three honeys, and determined their effectiveness against a non pathogenic strain of E. coli by measuring their zones of inhibition. Fifteen petri dishes with pre-poured Mueller Hinton agar were labeled. A layer of liquid E. Coli was then spread on the surface of the agar using a cotton tip applicator. Five wells were cut in each petri dish and the bottom of each well was plugged with 100µl of liquid agar that was then allowed to cool. Three concentrations of honey were prepared using a w/v dilution. The concentrations for the three honey types were 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. 100µl of each concentration were dispensed into individual wells with 5 replicate trials for each concentration for a total of 15 petri dishes. The antibiotic (Kanamycin) was diluted at concentrations of .005%, .0025%, and .00125% and dispensed into its appropriate wells. The plates were then incubated for 24 hours at 32 degrees Celsius. NAME:______353. MICROBIOLOGY: The Ugly Side of Beauty: To Evaluate the Microbial Contamination of Specific Cosmetic Products For my project, I studied the amounts of colonies of bacteria produced from used makeup. It was hypothesized that if the same brand of makeup is given to five different test subjects then, the makeup will produce different amounts of bacteria no matter the test subjects. This experiment can benefit makeup users by seeing the amounts of bacteria and realizing that there is a better solution to keep makeup I first gave three test subjects an Elf Cosmetics face brush and face powder and instructed them to apply it twice a day for seven days. I also had one brush and face powder compact that was never used so that I could see the difference between the two. The next step was swabbing each of the products and applying it on the Petri dishes. I let the Petri dishes sit in a shoebox at an average room temperature for one week. I documented each day by taking pictures and counting a number of colonies in each dish clean PRINT NAME:______354. MICROBIOLOGY: Algae Oxygen Generator This engineering project is building an oxygen generator using micro algae. High carbon dioxide concentration from breathing can cause headaches and breathing discomfort. Thus, regular ventilation and air circulation is needed for healthy living. However, air circulation is not always easy in an indoor environment. Because of temperature and air quality differences between indoor and outdoor regular ventilation often wastes energy and let allergens indoors. The indoor algae oxygen generator system was designed to provide oxygen alternatively using photosynthesis The oxygen generator consists of four main components: a container for the algae, an air pump to continuously pump air bubbles into the container with algae, the algae (mixed with water and nutrients), and an LED lamp to provide light. During the initial testing, my analysis showed that to provide oxygen for an actual bedroom (990 cubic ft. of the measured space) would require fairly large system, so a simulator room (8 cubic ft.) was made instead. By comparing the size between the two rooms, I could calculate the size and energy cost for the actual generator. To determine the effectiveness of the generator, a carbon dioxide sensor was used to determine the carbon dioxide level (ppm). PRINT NAME:______355. MICROBIOLOGY: Does Dog Drool Kill/Prevent Bacteria? Objective: My objective was to learn if dog saliva could really kill or prevent bacteria. Materials: For my project I used dog saliva, sterile petri plates with agar, and cotton swabs. Method:I took cotton swabs and rubbed both ends on the ground in my backyard. I put a bit of ground in an agar dish. Next, I did the same with a cotton swab that my dog licked. Then I closed the petri dishes, labelled them, put them in a warm, dry place and waited patiently for results. Measuring the inhibition zone PRINT NAME:______356. MICROBIOLOGY: Is Water Wasted by Pre-Rinsing and Pre-Scrubbing Our Dishes? To determine whether a pre-rinse or pre-scrub helps to wash dishes in a dishwasher and test the effectiveness of various detergents. Twelve kitchenware samples were covered with a biofilm indicator, Glo Germ, and checked with ultraviolet (UV) light to ensure the surface was coated in biofilm. The dishes were divided into three sets containing 3 plates and 1 plastic container. Set A had nothing done to it. Set B was rinsed under water for 1 second. Set C was scrubbed for 1 second under water. The sets were run through a dishwasher with water only. Pictures were taken of all samples under an UV light before and after each procedure. The amount of biofilm remaining on the kitchenware after the dishwasher cycle was recorded. We repeated this process three more times and each time inserted a different dishwashing detergent. PRINT NAME:______357. MICROBIOLOGY: The Effect of Different Water Sources on Lactic Acid Bacteria Activity The objective of this experiment is to learn how different mineral contents of water and sugar (tested separately) affect lactic acid bacteria activity. Its purposes include SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 42 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing understanding moderation, finding a potential alternative to obtain energy, helping nutrition balance and preventing muscle fatigue. Bottles, rice bran, sugar, varying waters, irrigation tubing, shutoff valves, pH strips, thermometer. Used personally made device to measure gas production with the water displacement method. Measured temperature, gas level, and acidity at least once a day. For second trial, used same types of waters but used different kinds of sugars. PRINT NAME:______358. MICROBIOLOGY: Examining the Effect of Acidity and Alkalinity on Bacteria Growth Inhibition Example : Ojectives/Goals Will different chemicals affect the amount of acidity and alkalinity on the growth of E. coli bacteria in an inhibition zone? The first step is to get all your materials organized and the refrigerated Petri dishes out of the refrigerator. Next, you cut out 45 paper discs and then place them separately from everything else. After that, you spread the E. coli across the dish. Next you immerse 5 discs into the ammonia and vinegar solutions and place them on the dish. Finally, you let the E. coli grow after 3 days and measure the inhibition zone. PRINT NAME:______359. MICROBIOLOGY: Mold Growth: What Are the Factors of Mold Growth? The objective of this experiment was to determine if different household conditions affect the rate of mold growth on stored bread. Bread, gallon size zip-lock baggies, humidifier and thermometer with humidity level readings. Bread was stored in bags in different locations with different temperatures and humidity levels, measurements were taken each day and mold was visually observed. PRINT NAME:______360. MICROBIOLOGY: To compare the effects of common sweeteners on tooth decay, by evaluating their effect on oral bacterial growth. Oral bacterial samples were obtained and combined with common sweeteners. The test groups involved raw and refined sugar, natural sweeteners including honey, agave and Stevia, artificial sweeteners including Splenda and Sweet N Low, and a positive and negative control group. The environment was maintained to allow the bacteria to thrive well. Over four days, spectrophotometric readings were taken to assess turbidity, a measure of bacterial growth. The turbidimetric results were then compared to determine the effect of sweeteners on bacterial growth. NAME:______361. MICROBIOLOGY: Aerobic exercise? The objective of this experiment is to investigate yeast metabolism under aerobic and anaerobic conditions by measuring carbon dioxide output. This is a straightforward project on glucose metabolism in yeast. You'll grow yeast under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and measure carbon dioxide output to assess metabolic efficiency. Calculate the average volume of CO2 produced under each condition Which condition produced more CO2? What is the ratio of CO2 production between the two conditions? Is this consistent with your expectations from your background research? PRINT NAME: ______362. MICROBIOLOGY: Disinfectants? Disinfectants are products that kill harmful bacteria that inhabit surfaces. Disinfectants can be in household and personal cleaning products. Which products work best? Compare different household cleaning products, like bleach or Lysol, to see which ones kill the most bacteria on surfaces like meat cutting boards prone to microbial action. Compare different brands of antibacterial hand soap or dish soap to see which brand is the most effective. How do hand sanitizers work? Compare rub-on hand sanitizers to see if they work better than alcohol, or compare to old fashioned soap and water (Pittis, 2000). COMBO/ALTERNATIVE The purpose of this project is to determine if bacterial resistance to a disinfectant, after repeated exposure to a disinfectant, depends on the concentration of the disinfectant. This is a project that illustrates the process of natural selection in action. You'll need access to a laboratory for working with the bacterial cultures used in this project. Requires TSA petri dishes and You should be familiar with sterile technique and proper handling of bacterial cultures. To dispose of bacteria, soak in bleach for 2 hours first. PRINT NAME: ______363. MICROBIOLOGY: How dirty is our money? Different denominations of coins and dollar bills will be examined for bacterial growth (using TSA petri dishes and growing medium) Different sources of money will be compared (ie: bank (new) versus fast food place (used). And denominations that are handled more will be compared to those use less frequently PRINT NAME: ______364. MICROBIOLOGY: IS this gold real? Determine if the antimicrobial properties of metals are a good test for whether or not a piece of jewelry is made out of real gold. Have you ever wondered if a piece of jewelry is real gold or if it's just some ordinary metal alloy? It turns out that some metals have a unique property; even in small amounts, they can be toxic to some organisms, including algae, molds, fungi, and bacteria, although it often takes many hours to see an effect. Can this phenomena, called the oligodynamic effect be used to tell whether or not the gold or silver in a piece of jewelry is real? Do bacteria react differently to pure, plated, and non-gold jewelry? How do the average zones of inhibition compare for each type of jewelry? To dispose of bacteria, soak in bleach for 2 hours first. PRINT NAME: ______365. MUSIC/PHYSICS: How Does Bow Tension Affect the Sound Produced by a Violin? The objective of the experiment was to examine how violin bow tension affects the loudness of the sound on a violin. It is expected that higher hair tension on a bow will produce louder sounds. This is because higher tension creates more friction with the string, causing the string to vibrate more and thus produce a louder sound A full-size violin and bow were used in the experiment. Three bow hair tensions (measured as the distance between bow hair and the stick at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 cm) were tested on each of the four strings. For each tension, ten notes were played and the average sound (in decibels) of the ten notes was obtained. The loudness of the sounds was measured by a Digital Sound Level Recorder PRINT NAME:______366. OCEANOGRAPHY: Taming the Tsunami To investigate and model the effect that water depth has on wave velocity. A tsunami is a series of waves made in a body of water, like the ocean, that can cause serious destruction when they hit the coastline. In deep water, a wave can be just a few feet high and travel very fast. As it nears the coastline, and moves into shallower water, tsunamis usually slow down, but the wave height can grow to 100 feet! In this ocean science project, you will model a tsunami and investigate how wave velocity (speed) depends on water depth. Does it match the mathematical equation for wave velocity as it depends on water depth? Tsunamis can be a destructive force of nature, but by studying how tsunamis form and how they move, better warning systems can be

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 43 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing put into place and lives can be saved. You will need an extra-long plastic storage box to use as a water tank. Plastic storage boxes that can slide under a bed work very well PRINT NAME: ______367. OCEANOGRAPHY: Timing the Tides In this experiment you will measure the amount of time that different tidal zones (high, middle, and low) spend out of the water during one tidal cycle. Have you ever been to a tide pool during low tide? Some intertidal animals in the low tide zone are left in a tiny pool of water when the tides go out. Other intertidal animals that live in high tide zones may be left to dry out during low tide. How much time does each zone spend out of water during a tidal cycle? find a day when you can follow the tides from high tide to low tide during a reasonable time period. For example, if high tide is at 10 a.m. and low tide is at 4 p.m. then this is reasonable, and you can do your experiment during a fun day at the beach. But if the tide tables say that high tide is at 10 p.m. and low tide is at 4 a.m., this is not a reasonable time to do your experiment because it will be dark high tide (as determined by checking your watch) place your first stake at the edge of the water and start your timer Place a new stake every hour at the edge of the water and write down the time in your notebook in hours, minutes, and seconds (00:00:00) using your timer. Do not stop the timer at any point in the experiment, You want to know how long each section spends under water and out of water during one tidal cycle. calculate how long each section spends out of water Can you use your calculations to identify the borders between the three intertidal zones Where do you think the borders of the three zones are? Is there any other physical evidence to support your hypothesis, like stripes on rocks, or types of animals found? PRINT NAME: ______368. PHYSIC/ELECTRICITY: Rain Conservation! Build a circuit that detects rain and can shut power off to a sprinkler system when it is raining. Important Note: This is an environmental engineering project. Most, but not all, science fairs accept engineering projects completed using the engineering design process. If in doubt, you should check with your fair before you follow the engineering design process within this science project, instead of the scientific method. "Waste not, want not" is a common saying. These four words sum up an important principle: if you "waste" an important resource, you might find you don't have enough of it when you "want" it. One of the most important resources we have is clean water. In many parts of the world, including the western part of the United States, water shortages pose serious problems. In this science project, you will build an electronic circuit that can 1) detect when it is raining and 2) shut off power, such as to a sprinkler system (don't worry, you don't need a sprinkler system to do this science project!). If you are new to electronics, plan to spend some time learning about the subject prior to making the circuit. PRINT NAME: ______369. PHYSIC/ELECTRICITY: Cool Junctions! The goal of this project is to investigate thermoelectricity. How much voltage can be generated between two junctions made of different conductive materials held at different temperatures? Can you create a temperature difference between two junctions made of different conductive materials by passing a current through them? Everyone is familiar with the idea that electric current passing through devices can heat them up. Most of us have used appliances like electric stoves, hair dryers, and toasters that are made specifically for heating. We've also noticed that things that run on electricity get warm when the current is turned on. Have you ever turned this relationship around and wondered if it is possible to use heat to produce current? Did you ever wonder if it is possible to cool things using electrical current? If so, then look no further! Check out this project to learn about thermoelectricity. PRINT NAME:______370. PHYSIC/ELECTRICITY: LED changes with current? The goal of this project is to measure the light output of an LED as a function of current through the LED. LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are electronic components that convert a portion of the current flowing through them into light. How does the intensity of the light produced vary with the current flowing through the LED? To find out, you'll build some simple circuits to vary the current flowing an LED. You'll also build a simple light-to-voltage converter circuit to measure LED output. Need to study OHMS law before starting PRINT NAME:______371. PHYSIC/ELECTRICITY: Make your own recording! The goal of this experiment is to learn about magnetic recording heads by building and testing a wire recorder. You'll investigate the relationship between recording current and playback voltage. Other variables to investigate are the number of turns used in the coil for the recording head, and the speed of the moving wire. Today magnetic recording is used in audio and video cassette recorders, and computer disk drives. Did you know that you can also use an electromagnet to record and play back from a steel wire? In fact, this is how magnetic recording got started. This project shows you how to build a simple wire recorder. PRINT NAME:______372. PHYSICS Does the bounciness of the different types of golf balls affect their ability to be hit longer distances when driving? This experiment will test several types of balls for their bounce and then use those same balls at a driving range where the distance of the drive will be monitored and recorded. The bounce and drive will be analyzed for any patterns or correlations PRINT NAME:______373. PHYSICS : Do you ever feel like you need to walk faster than your parents just to keep up with them? This is because of the difference in leg length between you and your parents. How much faster do you need to walk than your parents? Can you use a walking test to determine how tall a person is? In this experiment you will test if the height of a person is related to their walking pace, and if this information can be used to estimate the height of a person PRINT NAME:______374. PHYSICS : Fore!! Use a video camera to analyze the angle of lift with different clubs. Measure the distance the ball travels. Be sure to conduct a sufficient number of trials with each club so that your results are consistent. This can also be a great way to work on your swing! (Idea from Goodstein, 1999, 83–85.) PRINT NAME:______375. PHYSICS : How does a hockey stick flexibility affects shot accuracy and puck speed? While watching an ice hockey game, have you ever wondered what differentiates a good player from a great player? For sure, the great player is athletically superior to the good player. But maybe it is a combination of athleticism and equipment. Maybe a great player knows which hockey stick is best for him or her. Hockey players can choose to play with hockey sticks with different flexibilities or "flex." In this science fair project, investigate how stick flex affects shot accuracy and speed. Who knows, if you figure this problem out, you could move from being a good ice hockey player to a great ice hockey player! PRINT NAME:______SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 44 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing 376. PHYSICS : Skating Spins! Did you see the figure skaters in the Olympics doing those wild spins on the ice? How do they control their momentum? This can be done on ice rink or via rolling chair: Place a desk chair (one that rotates easily on ball bearings) in the center of the room, away from any obstructions. Put your hands on your lap and have a helper give you a push to start you rotating. You'll need to quantify the results somehow. For example, your helper could measure the number of revolutions you make in 5 seconds. Now try extending your arms after your helper starts you spinning. Next, start with your arms out, and bring them in close to your body after you start spinning. You can also try this while holding a heavy weight in each hand. Repeat each trial at least three times (take breaks so you don't get too dizzy!) Advanced: try to use the conservation law (angular momentum) to write an equation to predict how fast you should spin in each condition. How well does your prediction agree with your actual results? Try to explain any deviations between predicted and actual results. If you need help, you can use Science Buddies Ask an Expert Forum to check the derivation of your equation. (Idea from: Goodstein, 1999, 114-116.) PRINT NAME:______377. PHYSICS/ENERGY: Everything has energy inside it right? Well how much is inside a peanut? Build your own calorimeter to determine this. Using an experimental rig that allows a peanut to burn on a barbeque skewer inside a tin can (to avoid loss of heat) and yet under a cup of water- measure the change in temperature of the water in order to show the energy output of the peanut. You can expand this to include other foods as a comparison PRINT NAME:______378. PHYSICS/FLUID DYNAMICS: Which air foil design creates the longest glide/lift? (This can also be done with a BOAT to examine Magnus Effect IE: a project to determine if the speed of a rotor ship as propelled by the Magnus Effect is affected by the surface roughness of the rotor when exposed to the same cross-wind. My hypothesis was that a rough rotor would make the boat go faster. I built a model rotor ship with two exchangeable rotors with two different surface roughness by using materials such as coarse sandpaper, a LEGO Technic motor, a 9V battery, and a boat hull. The two rotors had identical dimensions and weight. Some other items I used were a table fan, a timer, and a plastic flower box to act as a tub. I placed the boat on the water in the tub, started the rotor, and turned on the table fan (cross-wind). I timed the boat travelling from one end of the tub to the other and then changed rotors and repeated the process.) The objective of this study is to determine if the location of the maximum thickness of an airfoil affects the amount of lift generated. Determine whether the distance a paper plane flies is affected by increasing how much drag it experiences Utilizing a variety of paper airplane designs and research into the purpose behind the change in the airfoil design of each plane (differences in the changes to the wings) and experiment will be developed for a comparative glide test for distance among these different designs. From the graphed results, which design created the best distance? Did one of them have the most spin? Why do you think the different planes generated the particular movement they did? What obstacles or impediments are faced by aeronautical engineers as they design aircrafts using these principles? Just one sheet of paper can lead to a whole lot of fun. How? Paper planes! All you have to know is how to fold and you can have a simple plane in a matter of minutes! But what design should you use to build the best plane? In this aerodynamics science project, you will change the basic design of a paper plane and see how this affects its flight. Specifically, you will increase how much drag the plane experiences and see if this changes how far the paper plane flies. There is a lot of cool science in this project, such as how the different forces allow a plane to fly PRINT NAME:______379. PHYSICS/LIGHT: Design an experiment to measure the angle of incidence and refraction when light passes from air to glass. Does glass bend light more, less or the same as the water? Does clear plastic bend light more or less or the same than the water? PRINT NAME:______380. PHYSICS/MUSIC Axe me a question? Does Wood Type Affect the Tone of an Acoustic Guitar? The goal of this project The goal of this experiment is to discover if the wood type of an acoustic guitar will affect its tone and to determine how the position, relative to the end of the string, of the pickup on an electric guitar affects the tone of the sound produced when the string is plucked. Here's a fun science project for anyone who plays an electric guitar. You'll learn about the physics of vibrating strings, and find out why the tone of your guitar changes when you switch between the different pickups. Measure the length of the strings between where they contact the bridge and where they contact the nut. Calculate nodes for harmonics and their frequencies. Measure location for pickups on each string. Identify which harmonics have node near pickups, which have antinodes near pickups, which harmonics contribute most to sound produced by each pickup and which least? How does the tone of each string vary as you change the pickup? PRINT NAME: ______381. PHYSICS/MUSIC Can you really make a piano sing? The goal of this project is to understand which notes can induce sympathetic vibrations on an "open" string on the piano You'll also need to understand some basic properties of waves to get the most out of this project Predict the sounds that will occur during the experiment and if it will be possible to get a string to sound without striking it. Graph your results (a bar graph aligned with a graphic of the piano keys corresponding to the test notes would be one idea). The duration of the sound on the C2 string is a measure of the strength of the vibrational excitation from the test note. Which test notes excite C2 most strongly? Do you see any patterns Make calculations for the octave between C2 and C3 (or between C4 and C5). Predict which test notes will produce the longest-duration sympathetic vibrations PRINT NAME: ______382. PHYSICS/MUSIC Musical wine glasses? The goal of this project is to investigate how the musical note produced by a wine glass is affected by the fluid level in the glass, Friends and family getting together, a big feast, fancy china and glassware on the table. Who can resist the temptation to make the wine glasses sing? Find out more about how this works with this project!? Add a measured amount of water to the glass and repeat the procedure from the previous step to determine what note the glass now sounds. Express the volume as a percentage of the total capacity of the glass [percentage volume] = [volume of water in glass]/[volume of water to fill glass] ×100 Repeat for several different volumes of water graph of your results, with the measured note frequency (in Hz) on the y-axis and the percentage volume on the x-axis. How does the note frequency change as the glass is filled PRINT NAME: ______383. PHYSICS/SOUND/LIGHT: Does sound reflect in the same way as light? Learn about light angle of incidence = angle of reflection; test this with sound by creating a 45 angle with two cardboard mailing tubes where angle points against a wall, place MP3 earphones in one SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 45 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing outside end & measure sound at other outside end. Does change in angle affect intensity? PRINT NAME:______384. PHYSICS/SOUND: Can we predict interference with sound? Why must two sources of waves have the same frequency in order to produce an interference pattern? PRINT NAME:______385. PHYSICS/SOUND: What is a Sonic Boom? Using a bull-whip and research on the topic create an experiment comparing the force/speed of movement to the sound created. Correlate this to aeronautics. You could try to photograph it using fog (ex: dry ice) In which case question could be: can you photograph sonic boom of bull whip? PRINT NAME:______386. PHYSICS/SOUND: Why is it, that when you hear the stereo of another car you usually only hear the boom boom bass notes and not the treble? Create an experiment to test your hypothesis & collect data. The objective is to determine which materials have best sound- proofing properties. Both propagation and reflection of sound waves of different frequencies are studied for various materials. This information, for example, can be helpful for insulation of my piano practice from a sensitive neighbor and explain why wee hear low pitch voices through the walls. PRINT NAME:______387. PHYSICS: Compare base running distances if you over run/round bases versus if you do not. How much further does a runner end up running if they hit a home run and “round” the bases than if they ran directly on the base path? How much faster is it to round the bases than to try to stay on the base path? Does the base stealer take the base from the Catcher or the Pitcher? Using a stopwatch to time the pitchers motion from start of windup to release of ball, determine if there is a correlation between the windup time of specific pitchers and steals against. How can you control for the ability of the catcher to catch and make a fast accurate throw? PRINT NAME:______388. PHYSICS: Extinguishing Fire Using Sound The objective of this project is to see if it is possible to extinguish a controlled fire using sound. Objectives/Goals The objective of this study is to find out what range of frequencies paired with which decibel counts extinguish a fire of a given flame the fastest, and most efficiently. Use a subwoofer or a speaker that has a strong bass and a usb cord. Plug the speaker or subwoofer into the computer or laptop and put it at the highest volume. Load a 60 hertz sound file (Youtube is an option). Subwoofer, timer, ruler, frequency generator, and decibel meter. Measured the decibel output of the subwoofer, which was connected to the frequency generator, the flame height of the lighter, and timed how long it took to extinguish the flame. Light a butane lighter. Aim the speaker at the lighter. Record if the lighter goes out or not and how long it takes using the timer. Repeat steps above but by increasing the number of hertz in increments of 10. Laptop; Usb Subwoofer; Timer; Butane Lighter; Sound Files. PRINT NAME:______389. PHYSICS: FRICTION ice skating/hockey- Do you prefer to skate before or after the Zamboni scrapes the ice? When we skate, one variable that you can examine is surface tension. Surface tension generally applies to liquids, however in the case of hockey it relates to the thin layer of water that forms on the surface of the ice that gives the player the ability to slide on the ice. Think of a way to launch the puck with a reproducible force, and examine the effect of launching the puck in different orientations on the distance it travels Friction is another important variable this allows the skater to generate speed, to spot and to move puck on the ice. You adjust these in experiment using things like heat skate blade designs and body mechanics to identify the optimal conditions PRINT NAME:______390. PHYSICS: How are objects attracted to each other through gravity? The objective was to recreate an age-old experiment (Cavendish's gravitational torsion balance) in an original way to show gravitational interaction between two small masses. I asked: How does mass affect gravitational attraction between objects? If the masses of two objects are increased, then the gravitational attraction between them will increase, and the torsion bar will move a greater distance toward the affecting mass. An original gravitational torsion balance was constructed using nylon fiber to suspend a titanium rod with a steel sphere at each end. Two receptacles were constructed to allow placement of affecting test masses adjacent to the each of the bar's masses but on opposite sides. A laser was reflected off a mirror centered on the torsion bar and onto a ruler to measure bar movement. A programmed webcam recorded the laser's position on the ruler every minute. A control setting with no affecting masses, and four different mass settings were tested PRINT NAME:______391. PHYSICS: How Does the Temperature Affect the Speed of Nylon String Guitar Waves? The objective of my science fair project was to determine if temperature affects the speed of nylon string guitar waves. Using a sound decibel measuring app on an iphone to record the transverse waves as they traveled on the guitar strings at various room temperatures. PRINT NAME:______392. PHYSICS: ice skating/hockey- science fair project around the design of ice skate blades. The shape, length, thickness and even the material that the blade is made from can be modified to create different skating outcomes. For example, you can determine what blade shape is best suited for speed and which one is best suited for maneuverability. Momentum can also be examined in your ice skating/hockey project. Elements that impact momentum, such as the physical characteristics of the skater and the conditions in the rink, can be manipulated so that you can collect data. You will then take this data and find relationships between the variable and momentum PRINT NAME:______393. PHYSICS: Newton’s Laws. Do objects always fall at the same speed? Research aerodynamics and air resistance. Choose spheres (same shape), balls of varying sizes like marbles, softballs, baseballs, golf balls and racquetballs. Drop them from the same exact height and monitor the time it takes them to fall the same distance? What happens if you change the shape of the objects? What is it that changes the speed at which something falls to the ground? PRINT NAME:______394. PHYSICS: Propulsion: Finding the Most Efficient Propellers for Nanobots The objective of my experiment was to find out the most efficient propeller design for a nanobot moving in the blood stream. My hypothesis is that if I use a propeller designed like an Archimedes screw, it will be more efficient than other designs. I designed 7 different propellers with various inclines and spirals and printed them in plastic on a 3D printer. The propellers were each tested 5 times at 3 different voltages The power supply had digital

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 46 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing readings for accuracy. Each propeller started at the same point and its movement recorded. The recorded data was the electrical current and time for each trial. PRINT NAME:______395. PHYSICS: Salt Content and Buoyancy My project aims to use household items to build a device that effectively measures the salt content and buoyant force in a body of water. Using this device, I want to prove that the higher the salt content there is in the water, the more buoyant the objects floating in the water will be. PRINT NAME:______396. PHYSICS: Sports science & aerodynamics. Why does a tennis ball have fuzz? Why does a baseball have to have stitches? And why does a golfball have dimples. Design an experiment to examine what happens if you change the dynamics of these balls. (try setting up a pendulum and showing how the balls move through the air with and without spin and compare that to how they bounce or rebound) What happens to their flight patterns? What forces are at play here. Use the calculations to show the reasoning behind the designs. ALTERNATIVE: Have you ever wondered why golf balls have a pattern of dimples on their surface? The dimples are important for determining how air flows around the ball when it is in flight. The dimple pattern, combined with the spin imparted to the ball when hit by the club, greatly influence the ball's flight path. For example, backspin generates lift, prolonging flight. When the ball is not hit squarely with the club, varying degrees of sidespin are imparted to the ball. A clockwise sidespin (viewed from the top) will cause the ball to veer right (or slice). A counterclockwise sidespin will cause the ball to veer left (or hook). This project attempts to answer the question, "Can an asymmetric dimple pattern decrease hooks and slices?" PRINT NAME:______397. PHYSICS: The purpose of this experiment was to find out which materials block radio waves and thus cause the most interference for remote control devices. The information gained from this experiment will help if someone is using remote control robotics or devices. It may be useful for scientific reasons, remote exploration as well as recreation. This experiment will benefit all those by determining which materials a R/C car user should avoid transmitting PRINT NAME:______398. PHYSICS: Thermodynamic Freezing Paradox of the Mpemba Effect. The Mpemba Effect is a phenomenon that seems to contradict the laws of thermodynamic. This effect suggests that warm water freezes faster than cold water. The purpose of this experiment is to determine which of the many theories have the strongest argument towards the cause of the Mpemba effect. Each of the four theories would be tested with different procedures to show the credibility. The documents that supports each theory should be closely examined, to help understand the different variables in their experiment. If the freezing of water, is determined by the temperature of the water then the sample with the room temperature water would freeze first, according to Newton law of cooling. In order to prove supercooling, 1/4 gram of charcoal dust is added to the water to spark nucleation. To prove the theory for evaporation, the experiment is conducted in a closed container to prevent water vapor from escaping. To prove dissolved gasses, boiled water will be cooled down to normal temperature, then it will be tested again. To prove thermo-conductivity and bond energy transfer in the water, we will have to set up a heat capacity equation to see if the theory have an effect on the Mpemba Effect. The temperature and time of freezing would be recorded. After 9.7 hours take the samples out and observe their crystal formation and physical appearance. Do this test 8 times to make sure the experiment is consistent.PRINT NAME:______399. PHYSICS: What effect does string tension have on the accuracy and power of a tennis shot? Check with local pro shops to research methods to alter string tension and obtain a measureable result. Compare measurements to determine best tension for optimal play. PRINT NAME: ______400. PHYSICS: What parachute design is the most efficient? Different parachute materials and designs will be tested from the same height holding an egg in a box. They will be compared for which does the best to protect the egg. PRINT NAME: ______401. PHYSICS: BASEKTS OR GOALS Take shots at a set distance from the basket, but systematically vary the angle to the backboard. For a basic project: How do you think your success rate will vary with angle? Draw a conclusion from your experimental results. A bar graph showing success rate at different angles can help to illustrate your conclusion. For a more advanced project: Use your knowledge of geometry and basketball to come up with a mathematical expression to predict your success rate as a function of angle (measured as a percentage of your success rate with straight-on shots)? How well does your prediction agree with your actual results? (idea from Goodstein, 1999, pp. 103–105.) or for Soccer: Block off one-third of a soccer net with a cone, 5-gallon bucket or some other suitable object. Shoot into the smaller side from a set distance, but systematically varying the angle to the goal line. Take enough shots at each angle to get a reliable sample. How does success vary with angle? For a basic project: How do you think your success rate will vary with angle? Draw a conclusion from your experimental results. A bar graph showing success rate at different angles can help to illustrate your conclusion. For a more advanced project: Use your knowledge of geometry and soccer to come up with a mathematical expression to predict your success rate as a function of angle (measured as a percentage of your success rate with straight-on shots)? How well does your prediction agree with your actual results? (idea from Gardner, 2000, 108–110.) PRINT NAME: ______402. PHYSICS: Bernoulli’s equation and water The objective of this study was to determine the maximum arc height of water in a siphon flow Set up a siphon system using a ladder, buckets, plastic tubing, rope, carabiner, and colored water to try to determine maximum arc height of water in a siphon flow. Raised the arc of the tubing five inches for each trial run. Used Bernoulli's equation to analyze the flow and prove that the math predicts outcome of the experiment. PRINT NAME:______403. PHYSICS: Biomechanics of pitching: To determine how body position affects baseball speed. What do Nolan Ryan, Mark Wohlers, Armando Benitez, and Roger Clemens have in common? These men are all major league baseball pitchers who have pitched baseballs at 100 miles per hour or greater! What does it take to throw a baseball this fast? Does it come down to having the biggest muscles? Can a ball thrown this fast also be accurate? In this sports science fair project, you will learn about the biomechanics of pitching. Investigate

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 47 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing how body position and physics interact to produce fast pitching, and find out if you have the skill and speed to become a major league baseball pitcher. PRINT NAME: ______404. PHYSICS: Buoyancy. Everyone has noticed the problem of the party balloons losing their loft. How long before the party can you purchase the balloons and still have them stay afloat for the duration of your party? Using a gram scale several balloons and a small helium tank (party store) you will measure the lift supplied by the balloons and determine the rate of the lift decay in order to answer these questions. PRINT NAME:______405. PHYSICS: Can you measure the sugar content of liquids with a laser pointer? Design an experiment to see if sugar concentration can be determined using the index of refraction of the solution. Why does this happen? PHYSICS: Can you measure the sugar content of liquids with a laser pointer? Design an experiment to see if sugar concentration can be determined using the index of refraction of the solution. Why does this happen? PRINT NAME:______406. PHYSICS: comparing wood bats to aluminum bats for distance the ball is hit with pitch same speed and same batters. Try enlisting help from batting cages and local college or high school baseball teams PRINT NAME: ______407. PHYSICS: Does having rotation on the basketball during a free throw improve the chances of it going through the hoop? Or for Soccer: Imagine a symmetrical grid of nine points superimposed over the ball. Kicking the ball squarely on the center point imparts no spin, but kicking on any of the other points will impart spin on the ball. How will the resulting spin affect the trajectory of the ball for each of the 8 outer grid points? Kicking the ball with a sliding motion of the foot is another way to impart spin. Once you've made your predictions, you can set up to test them with a soccer ball, video camera and a tape measure. As you make each kick, estimate how close you came to the kick angle and point of impact you wanted and note it down; also, note the path of the ball and point of impact. You may find it handy to make a sketch of the ball path on a small scale drawing of the field. Put several fields on a page, and make yourself a small stack of blank copies to work with. Afterwards, you can also analyze the kick angle and point of impact on the video recording. (Wesson, 2002, is a good reference for this project.) PRINT NAME: ______408. PHYSICS: Does the period of motion of a pendulum depend on its weight, amplitude or length? Construct a simple pendulum and set it into motion several times changing variables of weight, length and angles of release. Compute the average period of motion and compare them between trials. Examine the standard deviation for each experimental run. Did most of the experimental results stay close to the same standard deviation of the average time period? If not were the differences significant? If not, which variable do you think the period of motion was most dependent upon? PRINT NAME:______409. PHYSICS: Have you noticed the different choices for a truck’s tailgate on the road today? Can you improve the aerodynamics of a pickup truck tail gate by using one of these new designs? Identify the most aerodynamic pickup truck tailgate configuration, to lower the drag, and increase efficiency of thrust, and reduce the fuel consumption. To test this you can research different configurations and build a testing small wind tunnel (an example with instructions is available from NASA#s Glenn Research Center there are others on the Internet, too) PRINT NAME:______410. PHYSICS: how does a boomerang work? Create some different designs from different materials and compare. Is there an optimal length and curve ratio> Research the science that makes a boomerang work and use that explanation in final comparison PRINT NAME: ______411. PHYSICS: How does microwave radiation affect the growth and viability of fungi, bacteria and plant life. Expose radish seeds, bakers yeast and various bacterial swabs to several amounts of microwave radiation in order to determine the tolerance level for each PRINT NAME:______412. PHYSICS: How does the surface texture of plane’s wings help improve aerodynamic efficiency o determine if we could modify the top surface of a foam wing with uneven patterns such as dimples or ridges, and increase its performance at a measurable level affecting its lift:drag ratio (aerodynamic efficiency). To test this you can research different configurations and build a testing small wind tunnel (an example with instructions is available from NASA#s Glenn Research Center there are others on the Internet, too) Example project tried this: For this project, we used 3" thick insulation foam, one sheet of Plexiglas cut in half lengthwise, and a high RPM fan to construct a wind tunnel. One-inch thick insulation foam was used to construct the wing prototypes. We designed and tested three wing types: dimpled, ridged and control; using a 1/2"drill bit to create the dimples and 40 grit sandpaper for the ridges. A postal scale was used to ensure equal weight of 0.45 oz for each wing. A potentiometer was needed to adjust the speed of the fan, and an Infrared RPM meter to measure the speed. We flew each wing at the lowest possible RPMs to stay aloft, and recorded the RPMs at the stall mark, determined to be 2"(5.08cm) from the floor of the wind tunnel. We ran 20 trials for each wing according to this protocol. PRINT NAME:______413. PHYSICS: Magnetics. Making own magnets from wires and nails and batteries and then measuring them/comparison for strength Using these magnets and a wire hanger, is it possible to make coins travel up the vertical side of the hanger? Research and design an experiment here to help classify the coins by their magnetic properties and measure the magnetic interaction between magnetic and ferromagnetic materials. Plus, it looks like a totally wicked magic trick, too! PRINT NAME:______414. PHYSICS: Now that saline pools are becoming more popular which type of water is the fastest to swim in- a regular chlorinated pool or a saline (salt) water pool? Remember to examine the change in density- buoyancy is increased with increased salinity. Will that affect our swimmers? What will happen if one high school has a saline pool while another has a chlorine pool? Will there be any noticeable difference in meets held at those schools? PRINT NAME: ______415. PHYSICS: Swimmers Drag? In the Olympics swimmers routinely shaved off all their body hair to reduce drag. To test this hypothesis you will first need to evaluate the hairiness of your swimmer volunteers. You will identify the body hair that could cause drag such as hair on their head, arms and legs. Next you will have them swim one lap and take their lap time. Next you will have them shave their exposed body hair and wear a swimmers cap to cover the hair on their head. You will then time them again completing one lap. The data that you collect will be hair measurements and observations and lap times. The analysis of this data will be examining if lap times SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 48 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing are improved by removing the drag created by body hair. Your conclusion will be based on the presence or absence of time differences. This can also be examined with additional “drag suits” suits that are loose and worn over a tight suit to create some drag. PRINT NAME: ______416. PHYSICS: The Physics of a Marble Run What does it take to keep a roller coaster on the tracks during the loopy-loop? In this project I will simulate the roller coaster with some plastic track and tubing. I will use marbles in place of the “cars” and adjust the height where the track start and the marble begins its journey. Using a stop watch, I will time the change in speed (avg velocity) when I adjust the height of the track to determine how steep a pitch is necessary in order for the marble to have enough force to make it through the loop. The first experiment is to test an equation to relate the height of the track to the maximum radius of a loop the track can have for a marble to complete the loop without falling. Additionally, I tested whether this radius is dependent on the weight of the marble. Also, I analyzed the relationship between the height at the top of the run and the speed at the end, and whether the marble's mass effected this velocity. PRINT NAME:______417. PHYSICS: Weight versus gravity- comparing different sized/weighted marbles on the same exact track. Does the weight of the marble affect the velocity it achieves? If one marble is bigger than another than the smaller one should go faster. How does this relate to materials we see in everyday life? PRINT NAME:______418. PHYSICS: When the punter is trying to hit the "coffin corner" (within the opposing team's 10-yard line), out of bounds, what is the best angle to kick the ball for correct distance and maximum "hang time?" (For more information on the physics involved, see: Gay, 2004, Chapters 4 and 5.) Use a science fair project about velocity, resistance and speed to measure how high a ball is thrown. Compare a football to a baseball, basketball and volleyball by measuring how long the ball stays in the air in combination with the following formula: h=4.9 x (0.5 x t)2. In this formula, H equals the height of the ball, while t is the time in the air. what happens to the football when it is thrown or punted. The football becomes a projectile and follows a parabolic path. Explore how gravity affects the flight of the ball, how the velocity of the kick or throw affects the flight, how the angle of the kick or throw affect the direction and speed or how the ball's rotation affects the distance. How much difference does the spiraling motion of a well-thrown football make on the distance of the throw (compared to wobbling, or end-over-end motion of the ball)? Think of a way to reproducibly produce the desired ball motion and launch it with a constant force to find out. (For more information on the physics, see Gay, 2004.) PRINT NAME: ______419. PHYSICS: Which metal is the is best/strongest to work with? Examining sulfur vs steel vs iron in water/rust exposure tests, bending load strength tests, and deformation under pressure tests to see which performed the best. PRINT NAME:______420. PHYSICS: which type of insulation is the most effective? Seven water filled jars will serve as model of the human body, then plastic bags filled with different insulating materials such as wool, flannel, hair, thermals, chicken feathers, etc) representing insulated clothing will be tested. Boil tap water and pour into the jar. Pt a thermometer into the jar and secure the lid. Record temperature. Nestle jar in center of the insulating material within one of the test bags. Place test bag in refrigerator for two hours, taking readings of jar ever 15 minutes. Record and analyze data, what insulated the jar against the cold the best? Why do you think this was? What did your research tell you about how manufacturers use this to help keep people warm in cold climates? PRINT NAME:______421. PHYSICS: World Cup players might notice some strange things happening to their kicks because of the peculiar aerodynamics of playing soccer at the high altitude of the Johannesburg, South Africa, stadium, a NASA scientist warned today. Study physics on the field - How does playing a sport at high altitude affect the way the ball moves through the air? (Think playing soccer at Rim of the World near Big Bear or The Denver Broncos football) PRINT NAME: ______422. PRODUCT SCIENCE: How clean does merely flushing a toilet make the toilet? To determine the number of flushes that are required to remove microorganisms from toilet water after an episode of diarrhea. To determine the effects of different automatic toilet bowl cleaning products on microorganism removal. Use GERM GLO product and a UV light to highlight bacterium. Then try various cleaning products and methods and photograph before and after the flush. Analyze photographs for degree of florescence (which can be measured) Ensure similar usage of each toilet tested and repeat process five times for each test to have enough sample size PRINT NAME:______423. ENGINEERING MECHANICS – Using the Venturi Effect to Optimize the Efficiency of an Air Conditioner Condenser The objective of this project is to create a way to move air more efficiently using the Venturi effect by a data driven design of optimizing venturi structures used various tube dimensions, a fan and a DC power supply. We created a system in which air is moved via a fan and is accelerated through fluid mechanics principles of the venturi effect.. PRINT NAME:______424. ENGINEERING MECHANICS - The Optimization of the Mechanics of a Robot - The primary purpose of this project is to use physics and mechanical engineering concepts to produce a multi mechanism machine with the highest calculated ideal and experimental efficiency. We combined the concepts of gear ratio, torque, levers, and ideal mechanical advantage to essentially optimize the mechanism implemented on our robot/machine. PRINT NAME:______425. ENGINEERING MECHANICS - Engineering a 3D Printer Built with Recycled Computer Parts My design objective is to build a quality 3D printer out of recycled computer parts, for less than $100. The 3D printer will be evaluated by comparing a 3D printed object to the same object printed on a commercially available 3D printer. PRINT NAME:______426. ENGINEERNIG – BIOENGINEERING- IMPROVING BIODEGREDATION OF WASTE PRODUCT: Manipulating Concentrations of Plant-Based Starches to Optimize Durability for Use in Biodegradable Plastics Obtaining the most durable biodegradable plastic in terms of tensile strength and water resistance by utilizing combinations of several plant-based starches. Tested the tensile strength of the biodegradable plastic by devising a system where one side of the plastic is attached to a stationary object and the other is attached to a bucket holding weights. By placing more and more weights in the bucket, I could tell at which point the plastic would break and record SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 49 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing the amount of weight. Tested the water resistance by placing the plastic on top of a cup and placing water in the center. The amount of time passed before the water fell through was recorded. Used a homemade compressor to get plastic to uniform thickness and size. PRINT NAME:______427. COGNITIVE SCIENCE: The Effects of Demand Characteristics on a Survey My objective is to determine if, when a survey taker forms an interpretation of what a survey is testing, they will give different responses than they would if they did not think they knew what was being testing. Methods Google Forms, Google Sheets, Facebook, Instagram. A number of surveys were created that appeared to test the same topic, with changes in the way title and questions were worded. The surveys were posted to social media and each participant only took one of the surveys. The data from each survey was then collected into its own Google Sheet, and further sorted by a demographic relevant to the topic. The respondents who took the surveys titled Do Video Games Increase Aggression in Teens , and Do Video Games Calm Emotions in teens were stored in their own respective sheets, and then separated into the video game players, and nonvideo game players. PRINT NAME:______428. COGNITIVE SCIENCE The Relationship between Deception and Altruism amongst Teens of Different Economic Status This experiment was performed to investigate whether the economic status of young adults affect a tendency to lie for personal gain, or for the benefits of others. A preliminary survey was sent out to 58 high school-age teens to get a representation of the data the experiment could produce. The survey showed that 2.05% of people whose families struggled financially have a tendency to lie to benefit themselves, while 19.0% of people whose families are financially stable have the same tendency. The actual experiment, which included a survey that included multiple scenarios with decisions that allowed participants a choice between exuding a generous, honest behavior, or a selfish, deceptive behavior. A total of 105 teens in Ventura County took the survey, with about 28 of participants exuding a selfish, deceptive behavior. Out of these 28, 18 participants were of a high economic status, while 10 participants were of a low economic status. To determine whether a participant was of a high or economic class, participants were asked to state if their families owned more or less than $80,000, which is the average income of a Ventura County household. The original hypothesis that teens of a higher economical class were more likely to lie to benefit themselves was proven to be correct. Not only was the hypothesis proven to be correct, but the stereotype society has instilled on the behaviors of lower class teens was as well. Society thinks today that teens of a lower economic class are more likely to lie or steal, however the experiment has shown this to be invalid and solely based off one ‘s opinions, not fact. PRINT NAME:______429. COGNITIVE SCIENCE Which Accent Is More Appealing to Americans? The American ear will find the British accent more appealing because of the amount of representation it has in American media. The French accent will be the least liked accent because of the negative views that Americans have on the French. The second appealing accent was the Scottish accents because not many people hear Scottish accents or do not recognize the accent. The third appealing accent is the American accent because we are familiar with the American accent and use it every day. Create several videos of actors with various accents and a set of google surveys PRINT NAME:______430. COGNITIVE SCIENCE Erudition Identification: Using Computer Science to Find Literacy Levels Our nation s report card for reading is at an all-time low. This is due to the failed ways to improve students reading levels. These methods do not push the students enough and they keep the students in their comfort zone which thwarts academic growth. Kids should be given a challenge zone and the questions from STAR Reading should be different, not the same every single time. Since the questions are the same for every test to determine the student s reading level, the student is susceptible to just memorizing the questions and answers rather than working through it themselves and learning from the experience. What is needed within our society in order to improve our education system is a method that will actually allow for students to grow - a method that pushes students but doesn t push them too much to the point that they give up and progress becomes nonexistent. We need a method that will allow for students to improve their comprehension, understanding, and expansion of their vocabulary by keeping them just out of their comfort zone, which does not allow them to improve since they are not expanding their current knowledge. This method is creating our own reading level. Our reading level would take into account more variables than the current reading level, such as the number of syllables per word, number of words per sentence, number of letters per word, word frequency, and sentence length. By creating this method, we would be improving the overall welfare of the constituents due to becoming more competitive in the global economy PRINT NAME:______431. BIOMECHANICS: The Design and Construction of a Patch with an Application for People that Alerts the User When They Are Slouching The goal of our project is to improve the posture of users by creating a device with a constant alerting system to phase out incorrect posture. We aim to refine our device, so that it will better one s posture 85% of the time. Methods Our product is composed of elastic bands, velcro, and electrical components, such as the Arduino 101 with Bluetooth capabilities. We used techniques ranging from soldering to iOS Development in order to put the circuitry together and establish a user-friendly interface. During our testing period, we used materials such as a multimeter, skin tape and also gathered participants through surveys. We were able to obtain results using our product by testing participants to collect data about the effectiveness of the alerting over a duration of time. PRINT NAME:______

THERE ARE MANY MORE IDEAS BUT THEY MUST BE AT LEAST TO THIS LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY IN ORDER TO SUBMIT YOUR OWN IDEA (WHICH IS HIGHLY ENCOURAGED) YOU MUST SUBMIT TO MRS HARRISON VIA EMAIL OR WRITTEN NOTE YOUR CONCEPT AND HOW YOU PLAN TO TEST IT.

1ST RESPONSE = 2ND RESPONSE – 3RD RESPONSE – SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 50 of 51 Harrison Hawks Science Fair Project Listing

EIGHTH GRADE 1-

SEVENTH 1-

SIXTH 1.

SAVE A TREE!!! DO NOT PRINT THIS WHOLE LISTING!! JUST THE PAGE WITH YOUR DESIRED PROJECT!! Page 51 of 51