MIDWEST Political Science Association

PROGRAM

53rd ANNUAL MEETING

Frank R. Baumgartner

and

Jan E. Leighley

Program Co-Chairs

John Sprague

President

April 6-8, 1995

Palmer House Hilton Chicago

****************************************** OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COUNCIL

President: John Sprague, Washington University, St. Louis

Vice-Presidents: Arlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan Carol Kohfeld, University of Missouri-St. Louis

Executive Director: John P. Pelissero, Loyola University Chicago

President-elect: James Stimson, University of Minnesota

Past President: Lee Sigelman, George Washington University

AJPS Editor: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Program Co-Chairs: Frank R. Baumgartner, Texas A&M University Jan E. Leighley, Texas A&M University

Executive Council (term):

(1995) Donna Bahry, University of California, Irvine Jon Bond, Texas A&M University Lee Epstein, Washington University, St. Louis Mitchell Rice, Louisiana State University Jack Van Der Slik, Sangamon State University

(1996) Karen Beckwith, College of Wooster Pamela Conover, University of North Carolina Susan Hansen, University of Pittsburgh Peverill Squire, University of Iowa Norman Thomas, University of Cincinnati

(1997) Richard Hall, University of Michigan Barbara Perry, Sweet Briar College Wendy Rahn, University of Wisconsin-Madison Joseph Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas Lettie Wenner, Northern Illinois University ______

Assistant Director: Timothy B. Krebs Assistant Treasurer: Beth M. Henschen Administrative Assistant: Laura A. Tomaka

Midwest Political Science Association Offices: Loyola University Chicago 6525 N. Sheridan Road Chicago, IL 60626 Phone: 800-782-1178 312-508-3077 Fax: 312-508-3102 E-mail: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS

Convention Information ...... 4

Plenary Session...... 8

Special Program...... 10 3

Election of Officers for 1995-96...... 11

Best Paper Awards (1994) ...... 12

Best Paper Awards for 1995 ...... 13

Restaurant Guide ...... 14

Chicago Guide ...... 16

Exhibitors and Booth Locations ...... 17

Overview of Official Program ...... 18

Related Groups' Meetings & Receptions ...... 20

1995 Program Committee ...... 22

Overview of Panels by Section ...... 25

Daily Program Schedule ...... 43

Index of Participants ...... 169

Floor Plans ...... Inside Covers

CONVENTION INFORMATION

Palmer House Hilton

The Palmer House is one of the finest hotels in Chicago. Its many services include six restaurants, lounges, health club with steam, sauna, and whirlpool, indoor swimming pool, and fifteen retail shops. It is also located along the State Street Mall, one of many retail centers in Chicago. Palmer House personnel will be happy to assist in any way that they can to help insure that your stay here is a pleasant one. Maps of the Palmer House meeting locations can be found on the inside front and back covers of the program booklet. Handicap accessibility information is available from the meeting registration desk.

Convention Registration

Everyone participating in the meetings is expected to register. The meeting registration center is found in the back of the lower exhibit hall, two escalator flights up from the hotel lobby. Registration fees for the meeting: Members: $30. Student or retired members: $10. Nonmembers: $55. Nonmember student or retired: $17. Undergraduates: $5. Membership in the association is $30 per year ($15 for students and retired) and includes a subscription to the American Journal of Political Science.

Please note that we do not accept credit cards for registration fees.

Exhibit Hall

The central location for the convention is the Lower Exhibit Hall, which is located on the 3rd floor, two escalator rides up from the hotel lobby. Registration, paper sales, and exhibits will be located in the Exhibit Hall.

Panel Meeting Rooms

Most of the panel sessions will be held on the 7th floor in the Burnham, Clark, Dearborn, LaSalle, Montrose, and Sandburg wings. A map of the 7th floor conference center can be found on the inside front cover of the program. We will also be using meeting space on the 3rd and 5th floors. Maps of the 3rd and 5th floors are found on the inside back cover.

Meeting room locations:

3rd Floor 4th Floor 5th Floor 7th Floor

Exhibit Hall Red Lacquer Private Dining Burnham Cresthill Room Room Rooms (PDR) Clark Crystal Room 16, 17, 18 Dearborn Private Dining LaSalle Rooms (PDR) 5-9 Montrose Wabash Parlor Sandburg

Poster Sessions

Research posters will be displayed each day in the Crystal Room (3rd Floor), according to the following schedule:

Thursday Friday Saturday 1:30-5:15 pm 1:30-5:15 pm 8:30-12:15 pm

Posters may be viewed during the above times (see program for listings of poster topics). The authors will be present during the final 90 minutes of each session to answer questions and distribute copies of their research findings. Everyone is encouraged to browse the poster sessions throughout the meeting.

Authors may set up their poster displays beginning at 8:30 am on Thursday and Friday, 7:30 am on Saturday. All necessary posting materials will be supplied.

Paper Sales

Thursday Friday Saturday 8:30 am - 5 pm 8 am - 5 pm 8 am - 2 pm

Papers will be sold in the Lower Exhibit Hall for $ 1.00 each. Late papers may be brought directly to the paper sales area. Each author whose papers are delivered to the paper sales area will receive a coupon for a discount registration fee for the 1996 convention.

Citation of MPSA Papers:

Association policy is that papers presented at the annual meeting are in the public domain and may not be restricted from citation or attribution.

About Unsold Papers and Paper Requests:

Authors may retrieve any unsold papers beginning at 12:00 noon on Saturday. All authors should check with Paper Sales on Saturday to pick up their Paper Request Forms that will contain the names and addresses of individuals who would like to receive a copy of a paper that is sold out or unavailable. After the Exhibit Hall closes at 2 pm on Saturday, Paper Request Forms will be available in the Mezzanine at the Placement Center desk.

Child Care Service

Our subsidized child care service is available in the hotel for families who preregistered for the service. Check at the meeting registration desk to obtain the location of child care service.

Placement Center

The placement center is located in the Mezzanine area, one escalator ride up from the hotel lobby. Candidates should pay the nominal $3.00 registration fee at the meeting registration desk and then check in with the receptionist at the placement center. Schools that wish to interview should register with the receptionist. Candidates and schools will be assigned message boxes. Placement center hours of operation:

Thursday Friday Saturday

11 am - 5 pm 9 am - 5 pm 9 am - 3 pm

Ground Transportation and Parking

Continental Air Transport runs a bus service from the Palmer House to O'Hare and Midway airports. The bus fare to O'Hare Airport is $13.75 one-way, $25.50 round-trip; the fare is $9.75 one-way and $19.00 round-trip to Midway Airport.

The CTA "El" train runs to O'Hare Airport, Terminal 4, and Midway Airport, and will take you to the Monroe station (2 blocks by underground walkway to the Palmer House). The fare is $1.50.

If you drive to the hotel, economical parking is available in the Grant Park or Monroe Street garages, located in between Michigan Avenue and Lake Shore Drive. Palmer House guests can obtain "discount" parking at the Monroe and Wabash garage, 55 E. Monroe, just east of the hotel. Have your parking receipt validated at hotel registration.

Plan to attend the 1996 Annual Meeting

April 18-20 Palmer House Hilton Chicago

Program Chair: Charles Franklin

Department of Political Science, 110 North Hall University of Wisconsin -- Madison Madison, WI 53706-1389 7

Phone: 608-263-1878, Fax: 608-265-2663 Email: [email protected]

Call for Papers available at registration desk

PLENARY SESSION

Québec's Political Future

Honorable Bernard Landry

Deputy Prime Minister Minister of International Affairs, Immigration, and Cultural Communities Minister Responsible for Relations with French-speaking Communities

Government of Québec

Introduction by

John Sprague, President Midwest Political Science Association

THURSDAY, APRIL 6 5:30 pm

ADAMS BALLROOM 6TH FLOOR

A graduate of the Université de Montréal Law School, Mr. Landry also holds degrees in economics and finance from the Institut d'études politiques de l'Université de Paris. A member of the Canadian Political Science Association and the Canadian Bar Association, he has also served as member of the founding executive board of the Ligue des droits de l'homme (League of Human Rights). He practiced law from 1969-76 after working a few years in civil service (1963-69).

From 1986 until September 12, 1994, when he was elected Member of the National Assembly (MNA) for Verchères, he was professor at the École des sciences de la gestion de l'Université du Québec à Montréal (School of Business Administration), where he was the first occupant of the Chair of Globalization of Agricultural Markets.

As MNA for Fabre (1976-1981) and Laval-des-Rapides (1981-1985), Mr. Landry served in the René Lévesque cabinet as Minister of State for Economic Development (1976-1982), Minister of External Trade (1982-1983), Minister of International Relations and External Trade (1984-1985) and, in the Pierre-Marc Johnson cabinet, as Minister of Finance (1985). The Deputy Prime Minister has been Vice-President of the Parti Québécois and President of its National Executive Board since 1989.

SPECIAL PROGRAM

75TH ANNIVERSARY OF WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE

MPSA and the Midwest Women's Caucus for Political Science 9

present

"The Yellow Rose of Suffrage"

A Tribute to Carrie Lane Chapman Catt feminist leader, co-founder of the League of Women Voters, and advocate for women's suffrage

A Dramatic Reading written and performed by Jane Cox

Friday 6:00 pm Red Lacquer Room 10

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

The Nominating Committee, chaired by Lee Epstein (Washington University, St. Louis), including Chris Gilbert (Gustavus Adolphus), Paul Johnson (Kansas), Irene Rubin (Northern Illinois), and Bill Berry (Florida State) will submit the following slate of officers and executive council members to the membership for approval at the annual business meeting on Friday, April 7, 1995:

President-elect: Arlene W. Saxonhouse, University of Michigan

Vice-President (1995-97): Gregory A. Caldeira, Ohio State University

Council Members (1994-97):

Allan J. Cigler, University of Kansas Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Jeffrey A. Segal, SUNY-Stony Brook Lana Stein, University of Missouri, St. Louis Nancy H. Zingale, University of St. Thomas

The election of officers and Annual Business Meeting will be held on Friday, April 7, 1995 at 5:30 pm in the Red Lacquer Room on the 4th floor.

The President's Reception will follow.

BEST PAPER AWARDS

FOR PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1994 MEETING

MPSA GRADUATE STUDENT AWARD for best paper written by a graduate student in 1994

Recipient: Mitch Sanders, University of Rochester

Paper: "Beneath Stormy Waters: The Evolution of Individual Decision Making in the 1984 and 1988 Presidential Elections."

Committee: Christopher Kenny (chair), Lee Ann Banaszak, Michael McBurnett

SOPHONISBA BRECKINRIDGE AWARD for best paper written about women and politics in 1994

Recipient: Carol Chaney, University of California-Riverside

Paper: "Gender Differences in Committee Decision-Making: An Experimental Approach."

Committee: MPSA Committee on the Status of Women: Carol Mershon (chair), Liane Kosaki, Pamela Edwards, Evelyn Fink, Susan Hannah, De Lysa Burnier

Awards Presentation Friday, April 7 5:30 pm Red Lacquer Room 12

AWARDS FOR 1995 PAPERS

Panel Chairs may nominate papers delivered at the 1995 meeting for one of three awards that are given each year. To nominate a paper for consideration, panel chairs should do the following:

1. Obtain three copies of the paper from the author(s) and send these to your section head by July 1, 1995. (It is recommended that you do this immediately after the meetings so that the paper is not inadvertently forgotten.)

2. Section heads will forward all papers received to the appropriate committee chairs by August 1, 1995.

3. Committee decisions will be made by December 1, 1995 and sent to MPSA President James Stimson.

AWARDS and COMMITTEES:

PI SIGMA ALPHA AWARD: A $250 award for the best paper delivered at the convention.

Committee: Bill Bianco, Duke University (chair) Renee Smith, University of Rochester Virginia Gray, University of Minnesota

MPSA GRADUATE STUDENT AWARD: A $100 award for the best paper written by a graduate student at the convention.

Committee: Jim Kuklinski, University of Illinois (chair) Elizabeth Theiss-Morse, University of Nebraska Michael Berkman, Penn State University

SOPHONISBA BRECKINRIDGE AWARD: A $100 award for the best paper written about women and politics at the convention.

Committee: MPSA Committee on the Status of Women Liane Kosaki, Beloit College (chair) Vicki Hesli, University of Iowa Lettie Wenner, Northern Illinois University RESTAURANT GUIDE

Within Walking Distance

THE BERGHOFF - 17 W. Adams. Solid German food and lots of it, and a nice old place. I recommend their own Berghoff's dark beer on tap, and the creamed spinach side dish. The service is fast, if you're rushed. Casual and inexpensive. TRATTORIA NO. 10 - 10 N. Dearborn. Probably the best Italian food in the immediate vicinity. Very 13 charming, below-ground setting. NICK'S FISH MARKET - Monroe and Dearborn. Expensive. Shirt and tie. Need reservations, but good.

ITALIAN VILLAGE - Monroe, west of State. Good Italian food. Moderately expensive. Shirt and slacks. Probably good idea to make reservations. BINYONS - 300 block of So. Plymouth Court. American cuisine. Moderately expensive. Shirt and slacks. THE PRAIRIE RESTAURANT - 500 S. Dearborn. Offers nouvelle/regional cuisine. Moderately expensive. PRINTER'S ROW - 550 S. Dearborn. Also nouvelle/regional cuisine. Moderately expensive.

Short Cab Rides

RUTH'S CHRIS STEAK HOUSE - 431 N. Dearborn. (321-2725). Pricey but wonderful steaks. THE NINETY FIFTH - In the John Hancock Center, North Michigan Ave. Panoramic view of the city. Wonderful luncheon value. BUB CITY CRABSHACK & BAR-B-Q - 901 W. Weed. (266-1200). Shrimp, crab, crayfish in a Chicago version of a crab shack. Cajun dishes are good, as is fried chicken. THE SALOON - 200 E. Chestnut. American fare with Southwestern accents. Somewhat pricey. JAXX - 676 N. Michigan. Spectacular view of Michigan Avenue. Recently written up for best breakfasts around. Expensive. BANGKOK CAFE - 9 W. Hubbard. I think the best deal for overall price and quality of the N. State Street Thai restaurants. Soups and coconut-curry dishes especially recommended. HATSUHANA - 160 E. Ontario. Probably the best sushi downtown. Not cheap.

HOUSE OF HUNAN - 535 N. Michigan. Hunan, Szechwan and Mandarin. BLACKHAWK LODGE - Superior and Wabash. Casual dress. Best prime rib around. Extensive menu. Interesting surroundings. Moderately expensive. LAWREY'S - Michigan and Ontario. Expensive. Dressy. Best roast beef, creamed spinach and baked potatoes. MORTON'S - 1050 N. State. Very expensive. Rated #1 steakhouse in Chicago. HOUSTON'S - Rush and Ontario. Good food. Casual. Great bar. Moderately priced. ED DEBEVIC'S - Ontario and Wells. Casual, inexpensive. Noisy, but if you are into the 50's you'll love the atmosphere. UNO'S - Ohio and Wabash. Best deep dish pizza around. Inexpensive. Casual and always a long wait. (Best to go when it's not raining.) DUE'S - Ontario and Wabash. Same owners as above. HARRY CARRY'S - 33 W. Kinzie. Moderately expensive. Italian cuisine. Big noisy bar. Lots of baseball memorabilia. Shirt and slacks. TOPOLOBOMPO - 445 N. Clark. Mexican, but appeals to the Yuppie element. Casual. Not too expensive. Rather unique dishes. THREE HAPPINESS - 209 W. Cermak. The little storefront across street has good food, albeit no liquor license (BYO) and casual hygiene. The sauteed beef with ginger is good. IT'S GREEK TO ME - 306 S. Halsted. The Greektown joint with the least grease. Be sure and try the Greek Connection appetizer platter. GIBSONS - 1028 N. Rush. A steakhouse recently rated in the top ten steak houses by the Tribune with 14 reportedly one of the best martinis in town. Pricey. LUCIANO'S - 871 N. Rush. Pleasant Italian spot, with several interesting pasta dishes. Moderate. GYPSY - 215 E. Ohio. Interesting eclectic menu, wonderful wine list. Moderate.

CHICAGO GUIDE

Chicago Office of Tourism (312) 280-5740 Chicago Fine Arts Hotline (312) 346-3278

Fine Arts, Museums and Libraries

Adler Planetarium (312) 322-0300 Art Institute of Chicago (312) 443-3600 Chicago Academy of Sciences (312) 871-2668 Chicago Children's Museum (312) 527-1000 Chicago Historical Society (312) 642-4600 Chicago Maritime Museum (312) 836-4343 Chicago Sports Hall of Fame (312) 943-3086 DuSable Museum of African American History (312) 947-0600 Field Museum of Natural History (312) 922-9410 Lyric Opera (312) 332-2244 Mexican Fine Arts Center Museum (312) 738-1503 Museum of Broadcast Communications (312) 987-1500 Museum of Contemporary Photography (312) 663-5554 Museum of Contemporary Art (312) 280-5161 Museum of Science & Industry/Omnimax (312) 684-1414 Newberry Library (312) 943-9090 Orchestra Hall (312) 435-6666 Oriental Institute Museum (312) 702-9520 John G. Shedd Aquarium and Oceanarium (312) 939-2438 Harold Washington Library Center (312) 747-4300

Sporting Events

BASKETBALL DATE/TIME OPPONENT Bulls April 7, 7:30 pm Cleveland (312)455-4000

HOCKEY Chicago Blackhawks April 9, 2:30 Detroit (312)455-7000

Chicago Wolves April 5, 7:30 pm Indianapolis (708)635-6601 April 7, 7:30 pm Milwaukee April 9, 7:00 pm Houston 16

EXHIBITORS (BOOTH LOCATIONS)

The New York Times (1) F.E. Peacock Publishers (2) Association of American University Presses (3) McGraw-Hill (4) University Press of Kansas (5) D.C. Heath and Company (6) Yale University Press (8) Brown & Benchmark Publishers (9&10) MicroCase Corporation (11) The University of Chicago Press (12) Chatham House Publishers (13&14) HarperCollins College Publishers (15&16) Sage Publications (17) Westview Press (18) Prentice Hall (19) The University of Michigan Press (20) Congressional Database (21) University of Oklahoma Press (22) West Publishing (23) Gregory Publishing/University of Illinois Press (24) The Brookings Institution/Georgetown University Press (25) Cambridge University Press (28) Houghton Mifflin (29&30) St. Martin's Press (31&32) CQ Press (33&34) Association Book Exhibit (35) Nelson-Hall Publishers (36) Allyn and Bacon (37) W.W. Norton (38) Longman Publishers USA (39) Wadsworth Publishing (40) Garland Publishing (41) MPSA Cooperative Book Exhibit (42) M.E. Sharp (43) Oxford University Press (45) University Press of America/Rowman & Littlefield (46) 17

Overview of Official Program

Thursday, April 6

8:30 am - 5:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 11:00 am MPSA Council Meeting Cresthill 8:30 am - 5:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 10:00 am - 6:00 pm Child Care 11:00 am - 5:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Panels 1:30 - 5:15 pm Poster Session I Crystal Room 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels 5:30 - 7:00 pm Plenary Session: Adams Ballroom (6th Floor) Québec's Political Future Honorable Bernard Landry, Deputy Prime Minister, Government of Québec

Friday, April 7

8:00 am - 5:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 8:00 am - 5:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 8:00 am - 10:00 pm Child Care 8:30 - 10:15 am Panels 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panels 12:15 - 1:15 pm MPSA Committee on the Status of Women Cresthill 1:30 - 5:15 pm Poster Session II Crystal Room 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:30 pm AJPS Editorial Board Meeting LaSalle 1 5:30 - 6:00 pm Business Meeting, Election of Officers, Awards Red Lacquer Room 6:00 - 7:30 pm President's Reception Red Lacquer Room

A Celebration of the 75th Anniversary of Women's Suffrage Cosponsor: Midwest Women's Caucus for Political Science

Saturday, April 8

8:00 am - 2:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 9:00 am - 3:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 8:00 am - 5:30 pm Child Care 8:00 am - 2:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 8:30 am - 12:15 pm Poster Session III Crystal Room 8:30 - 10:15 am Panels 9:00 am MPSA New Council Meeting Cresthill 11 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panels 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels

Related Groups' Meetings and Receptions

Thursday, April 6

5:15 - 7:00 pm Comparative Data Board Project Burnham 1

6:00 - 8:00 pm Indiana University Reception PDR 18

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Missouri Reception PDR 16

6:00 - 8:00 pm Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Caucus (APSA) Cresthill Room

Friday, April 7

7:30 - 8:30 am Midwest Women's Caucus for Cresthill Room Political Science Business Meeting

1:30 - 3:15 pm Policy Studies Organization Sandburg 5

4:00 - 6:00 pm Political Scientists for a Cresthill Progressive Democratic Party Roundtable: "Democrats: What's in the Future?"

5:30 - 7:30 pm Political Organizations and Parties Section (APSA) Sandburg 6 Executive Council Meeting

6:00 - 7:30 pm Midwest Women's Caucus for Red Lacquer Political Science and MPSA Joint Room Reception in Honor of the 75th Anniversary of Women's Suffrage

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Illinois Reception PDR 16

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Iowa Reception LaSalle 5

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Michigan Reception PDR 17

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Minnesota Reception PDR 18

6:00 - 8:00 pm Ohio State University Reception LaSalle 2 20

10:00 pm - 12:30 am University of Houston and Rice University Reception Cresthill Room

Saturday, April 8

8:00 - 10:00 am Pi Sigma Alpha PDR 6 Breakfast for Chapter Advisors

9:00 am - 5:00 pm American Political Science Association Council Meeting Red Lacquer Room

5:15 - 7:30 pm Urban Education Research Group Montrose 3 21

1995 PROGRAM COMMITTEE

Program Co-Chairs:

Frank R. Baumgartner, Political Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, phone: 409-845-5021, fax: 409-847-8924, email: [email protected]

Jan E. Leighley, Political Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, phone: 409-845-2525, fax: 409-847-8924, email: [email protected]

Program Committee

1. Comparative Politics: Industrialized Countries: Gerhard Loewenberg, Department of Political Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, phone: 319-335-2361, fax: 319-335-3211, email: [email protected] 2. Comparative Politics: Developing Countries: Michael Foley, Department of Politics, Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, phone: 202-319-5128 or 202-319-5999, fax: 202-319-6289, email: [email protected] 3. Comparative Politics: Transitions towards Democracy: Bill Reisinger, Department of Political Science, University of 4.Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, phone: 319-335-2358, fax: 319-335-2070, email: [email protected] 4. International Relations: Paul Diehl, Department of Political Science, 361 Lincoln Hall, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, phone: 217-333-2602, fax: 217-244-5712, email: [email protected] 5. International Political Economy: Vincent Mahler, Department of Political Science, Loyola University Chicago, 6525 N. Sheridan Rd., Chicago IL 60626, phone: 312-508-3067, fax: 312-915-6448, email: [email protected] 6. Political Psychology and Public Opinion: Shanto Iyengar, Department of Communications, UCLA, 405 Hilgard Avenue, 334 Kinsey Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1538, phone: 310-825-1703, fax: 310-825-6163, email: [email protected] 7. Elections, Voting Behavior, and Participation: Steve Rosenstone, Center for Political Studies, ISR, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, phone: 313-764-5494, fax: 313-764-3341, email: [email protected]

8. Mass Media and Political Communication: Michael Traugott, Center for Political Studies, ISR, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, phone: 313-764-5199, fax: 313-764-3341, email: [email protected] 9. Women and Politics: Sue Tolleson Rinehart, Texas Tech University, Department of Political 5Science, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1015, phone: 806-742-3036, fax: 806-742-0850, email: [email protected] 10. Race and Ethnicity: Wayne Parent, Louisiana State University, Department of Political Science, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, phone: 504-388-2535, fax: 504-388-2540, email: [email protected] 11. Political Theory and Philosophy: Jack Knight, Washington University, Department of Political Science, Campus Box 1063, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, phone: 314-935-4343, fax: 314-935-5856, email: [email protected] 22

12. Methodology: Charles Franklin, Department of Political Science, 110 North Hall, University of Wisconsin -- Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1389, phone: 608-263-1878, fax: 608-265-2663, email: [email protected] 13. Formal Modelling: Rick Wilson, Rice University, Department of Political Science, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, phone: 713-527-4842, fax: 713-285-5161, email: [email protected] 14. Political Parties and Interest Groups: David C. King, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, phone: 617-495-1665, fax: 617-496-5960, email: [email protected] 15. Presidency and Executive Politics: Bert A. Rockman, Department of Political Science, 4L01 Forbes Quadrangle, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, phone: 412-648-7283, fax: 412-648-7277, email: [email protected] 16. Legislative Politics: Linda Fowler, Syracuse University, Department of Political Science, Syracuse, NY 13210, phone: 716-244-6248 or 315-443-2416, fax: 315-443-5451, email: [email protected] 17. Judicial Politics and Public Law: Barbara Luck Graham, Department of Political Science, University of Missouri -- St. Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO 63121, phone: 314-553-5854, fax: 314-553-5268, email: [email protected]

18. State and Intergovernmental Politics: David Lowery, Department of Political Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3265, phone: 919-962-0448, fax: 919-962-0432, email: [email protected] 19. Urban and Local Politics: Mark Schneider, Department of Political Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4392, phone: 516-632-7633, fax: 516-632-9023, email: [email protected] 20. Public Policy: Paul Teske, Department of Political Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4392, phone: 516-632-7633, fax: 516-632-9023, email: [email protected] 21. Public Administration: Laura Reese, Geography and Urban Planning, Wayne State University, 225 State Hall, Detroit, MI 48202, phone: 313-577-0194 23

PROGRAM 1995 MEETINGS OF THE MIDWEST POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

FRANK R. BAUMGARTNER AND JAN E. LEIGHLEY, PROGRAM ORGANIZERS

OVERVIEW OF PANELS BY SECTION

SECTION 1. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES Gerhard Loewenberg, University of Iowa

1-1. ECONOMIC POLICY IN INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACIES THU 1:30 BURNHAM 1 1-2. DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CENTRAL BANK AUTONOMY THU 3:30 BURNHAM 1 1-3. NEW FINDINGS ON THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF CABINET FORMATION THU 3:30 BURNHAM 5 1-4. PARTY SYSTEM STABILITY AND CHANGE FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 1 1-5. THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS ON PUBLIC POLICY FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 5 1-6. CURRENT ISSUES IN BRITISH POLITICS FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 1 1-7. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF SOCIAL POLICY IN EUROPE FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 1 1-8. REASSESSING REGIONALISM IN NATIONAL POLITICS SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 1 1-9. PROBLEMS OF CONCEPTUAL EQUIVALENCE AND MEASUREMENT IN COMPARATIVE RESEARCH THU 11:00 BURNHAM 1 1-10. CHANGES IN POST-UNIFICATION GERMANY SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 1 1-11. BEYOND 'SUPER ELECTION' YEAR 1994: THE EVOLUTION OF THE GERMAN PARTY SYSTEM SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 1 1-12. THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ASYLUM AND MIGRATION SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 5 1-13. LEGITIMACY, COMPLIANCE, AND THE ROOTS OF JUSTICE: CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES SAT 1:30 (CO-SPONSORED WITH JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW SECTION) BURNHAM 1 24

1-14. TRADE UNIONS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: NEW DATA AND NEW THEORIES SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 5 1-15. RETHINKING LIPSET AND ROKKAN FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 1 1-16. LEGISLATIVE CHANGE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON LEGISLATIVE POLITICS) SAT 1:30 PDR 16

SECTION 2. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Michael Foley, Catholic University

2-1. POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE THU 11:00 BURNHAM 2 2-2. STUDYING POLITICAL BEHAVIOR IN CENTRAL AMERICA: AN ANALYSIS OF OVERLOOKED ACTORS FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 2 2-3. PUBLIC OPINION AND DEMOCRACY IN LATIN AMERICA THU 3:30 BURNHAM 2 2-4. COALITIONAL POLITICS AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 2 2-5. REGIME AND ECONOMY FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 2 2-6. CIVIL SOCIETY AND ECONOMIC REFORM FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 2 2-7. STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 2 2-8. THE NEW POLITICS OF THE LEFT IN LATIN AMERICA SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 2 2-9. LOCAL DIMENSIONS OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 2 2-10. CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNDERSTANDING ELITE DECISION MAKING SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 2 2-11. BRINGING PARTIES BACK IN: POLITICAL PARTIES, DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION, AND ECONOMIC REFORM (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY) THU 1:30 BURNHAM 2

SECTION 3. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY William M. Reisinger, University of Iowa

3-1. NEW APPROACHES TO CIVIL SOCIETY DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY THU 1:30 BURNHAM 4

3-2. CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY THU 11:00 BURNHAM 4 3-3. ARE THERE CROSS-NATIONAL REQUISITES OF DEMOCRACY? SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 4 3-4. ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY THU 3:30 BURNHAM 4 3-5. ELECTIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 4 3-6. REGIONAL AND LOCAL ELITES DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 4 3-7. ETHNIC IDENTITIES AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN EUROPE THU 11:00 BURNHAM 5 3-8. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 4 3-9. PARLIAMENTARY DEVELOPMENT IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 4 3-10. POLITICAL PARTIES IN TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 4 3-11. TESTING FORMAL MODELS OF TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON FORMAL MODELLING) SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 4 3-12. HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 4 3-13. TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 5 CO-SPONSORED PANELS OR POSTER SESSIONS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 2-11. BRINGING PARTIES BACK IN: POLITICAL PARTIES, DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION, AND ECONOMIC REFORM POSTER SESSION I. TRANSITIONS TO DEMOCRACY

SECTION 4. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Paul F. Diehl, University of Illinois

4-1. COLLECTIVE, STATE, AND ETHNIC IDENTITY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THU 11:00 CLARK 5

4-2. DETERRENCE AND BALANCE-OF-THREAT STUDIES THU 1:30 BURNHAM 5 4-3. THE DEMOCRATIC PEACE AND THE CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 5 4-4. UNITED STATES FOREIGN AID POLICY THU 3:30 CLARK 5 4-5. COLLECTIVE MILITARY RESPONSES IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER FRI 8:30 CLARK 5 4-6. AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY IN TRANSITION FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 5 4-7. COMPARATIVE FOREIGN POLICY FRI 10:30 CLARK 5 4-8. EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT AND INTEGRATION FRI 1:30 CLARK 5 4-9. EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 5 4-10. A REEXAMINATION OF PROMINENT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORISTS SAT 3:30 CLARK 5 4-11. QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT SAT 1:30 CLARK 5 4-12. FORMAL MODELS OF INTERNATIONAL PROCESSES SAT 10:30 CLARK 5 4-13. CHALLENGING THE REALIST PARADIGM FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 5 4-14. NEW APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY SAT 8:30 CLARK 5 4-15. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT FRI 3:30 CLARK 5 4-16. ELITES AND PERCEPTION IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICY SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 5 4-17. UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 5

SECTION 5. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY Vincent A. Mahler, Loyola University of Chicago

5-1. CONTINENTAL ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AFTER NAFTA THU 3:30 CLARK 7 5-2. THE POLITICS OF INTERNATIONAL MONETARY RELATIONS FRI 8:30 CLARK 7 5-3. GLOBALIZATION AND THE STATE: COMPARATIVE AND THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES THU 11:00 CLARK 7 5-4. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS FRI 10:30 CLARK 7 27

5-5. PERSPECTIVES ON INTERNATIONAL LENDING AGENCIES FRI 3:30 CLARK 7 5-6. THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC NEGOTIATIONS FRI 1:30

CLARK 7 5-7. RECENT TRENDS IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION SAT 8:30 CLARK 7 5-8. COOPERATION AND CONFLICT IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES THU 1:30 CLARK 7 5-9. PROSPECTS FOR GLOBAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION SAT 1:30 CLARK 7

SECTION 6. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION Shanto Iyengar, University of California, Los Angeles

6-1. PUBLIC OPINION AND THE POLICY PROCESS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON PUBLIC POLICY) THU 11:00 SANDBURG 7 6-2. MULTICULTURALISM AND POLITICAL TOLERANCE THU 1:30 MONTROSE 1 6-3. VOTER DECISION-MAKING THU 3:30 SANDBURG 7 6-4. COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY MEETS JAMES CARVILLE THU 3:30 LASALLE 1 6-5. THE NOT-SO-AMBIVALENT STATUS OF THE AMERICAN POLITICIAN FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 7 6-6. EXPERIMENTS ON POLITICAL PERSUASION AND ATTITUDE CHANGE FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 7 6-7. THE ROLE OF EMOTION IN PUBLIC OPINION FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 4 6-8. EXPLORATIONS OF ECONOMIC VOTING FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 7 6-9. STUDIES OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION THU 1:30 SANDBURG 7 6-10. RACIAL POLITICS SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 7 6-11. PERSONALITY AND POLITICS SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 7 6-12. GENDER EFFECTS IN CAMPAIGNS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 7 6-13. FRAMING EFFECTS SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 7

6-14. THE PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 5 6-15. PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS OF POLITICAL ACTION FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 7 6-16. INFORMATION AND CITIZENSHIP SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 5 6-17. RELIGION, LAW, AND PUBLIC OPINION (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW) FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 4

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 10-2. CORE VALUES, IDEOLOGY AND RACE 13-9. ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND POSITIVE THEORY: BRIDGING THE GAP

SECTION 7. ELECTIONS, VOTING BEHAVIOR, AND PARTICIPATION Steven J. Rosenstone, University of Michigan

7-1. THE 1994 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS IN PERSPECTIVE THU 11:00 DEARBORN 1 7-2. CAMPAIGN STRATEGY IN U.S. CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON LEGISLATIVE POLITICS) THU 1:30 CLARK 10 7-3. MODELS OF VOTER CHOICE THU 3:30 DEARBORN 1 7-4. ABSENTEE VOTING THU 1:30 DEARBORN 1 7-5. THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF VOTER TURNOUT FRI 1:30 CLARK 10 7-6. GENDER AND PARTICIPATION IN AMERICAN POLITICS THU 3:30 CLARK 10 7-7. IDEOLOGY AND PARTICIPATION FRI 10:30 CLARK 10 7-8. MOBILIZING PARTICIPATION THU 11:00 CLARK 10 7-9. BALLOTS AND SPLIT-TICKET VOTING FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 1 7-10. THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 1 7-11. VOTING IN STATE AND LOCAL ELECTIONS FRI 8:30 CLARK 10 7-12. THE IMPACT OF THE CAMPAIGN FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 1 7-13. MODELS OF VOTER CHOICE FRI 3:30 DEARBORN 1 29

7-14. MACRO-ELECTORAL CHANGE FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 1 7-15. PARTISANSHIP AND PARTY IMAGE FRI 3:30 CLARK 10 7-16. REFERENDUM VOTING SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 1 7-17. THE ELECTORAL IMPACT OF THE ECONOMY, I SAT 10:30 CLARK 10 7-18. THE ELECTORAL IMPACT OF THE ECONOMY, II SAT 1:30 CLARK 10 7-19. ALIGNMENT AND REALIGNMENT IN AMERICA SAT 3:30 CLARK 10 7-20. FORECASTING ELECTIONS SAT 8:30 DEARBORN 1 7-21. INFORMATION AND ELECTORAL CHOICE SAT 10:30 DEARBORN 1

SECTION 8. MASS MEDIA AND POLITICAL COMMUNICATION Michael W. Traugott, University of Michigan

8-1. POLITICAL ADVERTISING THU 11:00 PDR 18 8-2. THE IMPACT OF PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN COVERAGE THU 1:30 PDR 18 8-3. PRESIDENTS AND THE PRESS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON THE PRESIDENCY AND EXECUTIVE POLITICS) FRI 8:30 PDR 18 8-4. TELEVISION COVERAGE OF POLITICS FRI 1:30 PDR 18 8-5. MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE 1992 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN AND ITS EFFECTS THU 3:30 PDR 18 8-6. NEWS MAKERS AND THE PRODUCTION OF POLITICAL NEWS FRI 10:30 PDR 18 8-7. CONGRESS AND THE MEDIA FRI 3:30 PDR 18 8-8. POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND THE INTERNET FRI 1:30 LASALLE 1 8-9. MEDIA COVERAGE OF GROUPS IN SOCIETY SAT 8:30 PDR 18 8-10. MEDIA HEGEMONY SAT 10:30 PDR 18 8-11. CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICAL MEDIA SAT 1:30 PDR 18 8-12. LEARNING FROM THE MEDIA DURING THE CAMPAIGN SAT 3:30 PDR 18 30

SECTION 9. WOMEN AND POLITICS Sue Tolleson Rinehart, Texas Tech University

9-1. RESTORING THE CONVERSATION: JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU AND MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT SAT 10:30 DEARBORN 1 9-2. ROUNDTABLE. BEYOND SURVEY RESEARCH: LISTENING TO WOMEN'S VOICES THU 11:00 DEARBORN 2 9-3. THE POLICY IMPACT OF WOMEN IN THE 103RD CONGRESS THU 3:30 DEARBORN 2 9-4. WOMEN IN A VARIETY OF PARTISAN ROLES FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 2 9-5. HISTORY, EPISTEMOLOGY, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 2 9-6. WOMEN, REPRODUCTION, AND THE LIBERAL STATE FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 2 9-7. "SYMBOLIC WOMEN" AND SUBSTANTIVE REPRESENTATION SAT 10:30 LASALLE 5 9-8. SEX AND GENDER IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: POST-INDUSTRIAL STATES THU 1:30 DEARBORN 2 9-9. SEX,GENDER AND THE DIFFICULT PATHS TO DEMOCRATIZATION FRI 3:30 DEARBORN 2 9-10. GENDER, ELECTORAL OPPORTUNITIES, AND PERSISTENCE SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 2 9-11. INTRA-SEX DIFFERENCES AND ORIENTATIONS TOWARD PARTICIPATION SAT 8:30 DEARBORN 2 9-12. GENDER GAPS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD FEMINISM SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 2 CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 6-12. GENDER EFFECTS IN CAMPAIGNS 17-15. NEW APPROACHES TO GENDER AND THE COURTS 22-6. ROUNDTABLE TO HONOR JEWEL PRESTAGE 22-7. INTEGRATING RACE AND GENDER INTO THE POLITICAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM

SECTION 10. RACE AND ETHNICITY Wayne Parent, Louisiana State University

10-1. RACE, CLASS AND EDUCATION POLITICS THU 11:00 DEARBORN 3

10-2. CORE VALUES, IDEOLOGY AND RACE (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION) THU 3:30 DEARBORN 3 10-3. QUESTIONS OF IDENTITY AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF DEMOCRACY THU 1:30 DEARBORN 3 10-4. ETHNIC IDENTITY: CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 3 10-5. DETERMINANTS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN ATTITUDES AND PARTICIPATION FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 3 10-6. REDISTRICTING: ITS EFFECTS ON PARTICIPATION FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 3 10-7. REDISTRICTING AND REPRESENTATION FRI 3:30 DEARBORN 3 10-8. WHITE PREJUDICE IN THE 1990'S SAT 8:30 DEARBORN 3 10-9. SYMBOLIC POLITICS: IMAGES OF RACE AND ETHNICITY SAT 10:30 DEARBORN 3 10-10. RACE AND THE MOVEMENTS OF THE SIXTIES: WHAT WE'VE LEARNED SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 3 10-11. MULTI-CULTURALISM, CONFLICT AND INCLUSION SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 3

SECTION 11. POLITICAL THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY Jack Knight, Washington University

11-1. HANNAH ARENDT AFTER 20 YEARS THU 11:00 SANDBURG 3 11-2. DEMOCRACY, COMMUNICATION AND LEGITIMACY THU 1:30 SANDBURG 3 11-3. CONSTITUTIONALISM AND DEMOCRACY THU 3:30 SANDBURG 4 11-4. ISSUES IN CONTINENTAL POLITICAL THEORY THU 3:30 SANDBURG 3 11-5. AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY THU 1:30 SANDBURG 4 11-6. THE MORAL SENTIMENTS AND THE POLITICS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 4 11-7. PHILOSOPHICAL JUSTIFICATION AND POLITICAL PRACTICE IN MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 3 11-8. ARISTOTLE ON MODERN VIRTUE AND LIBERAL GOVERNMENT FRI 1:30 32

SANDBURG 3 11-9. HOBBES AND HUME: LIBERALISM, JUSTICE AND CITIZENSHIP SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 3 11-10. LIBERALISM AND RIGHTS SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 3 11-11. RAWLS ON LIBERALISM AND EQUALITY FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 3 11-12. CULTURAL PLURALISM AND TOLERATION SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 3 11-13. INSTITUTIONS, CONVENTIONS AND SOCIAL ORDER SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 3 11-14. ETHICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 4 11-15. REPRESENTATIONS OF POWER, DESIRE AND ORDER IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 3

SECTION 12. METHODOLOGY Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison

12-1. AGGREGATE DATA AND INDIVIDUAL INFERENCE THU 11:00 LASALLE 2 12-2. DURATION MODELS THU 1:30 LASALLE 2 12-3. DYNAMIC MODELS THU 3:30 LASALLE 2 12-4. MULTIPLE CHOICE VOTING FRI 8:30 LASALLE 2 12-5. DISCRETE DEPENDENT VARIABLES SAT 8:30 LASALLE 2 12-6. UNOBSERVED VARIABLES AND NON-ADDITIVE MODELS FRI 3:30 LASALLE 2 12-7. MR. FENNO MEETS REV. BAYES: INFERENCE IN LEGISLATIVE SETTINGS FRI 10:30 LASALLE 2 12-8. IS EARLY MONEY LIKE YEAST? SAT 10:30 LASALLE 2 12-9. SURVEY METHODS AND APPLICATIONS SAT 1:30 LASALLE 2 12-10. ATTENTION TO THE TEXT SAT 3:30 LASALLE 2

SECTION 13. FORMAL MODELLING Rick K. Wilson, Rice University

13-1. INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND LEGISLATIVE STRATEGY THU 11:00 LASALLE 3 33

13-2. MODELS OF LEADERSHIP AND PARTY IN CONGRESS THU 3:30 LASALLE 3 13-3. MODELS OF ELECTORAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES FRI 8:30 LASALLE 3 13-4. FORMAL MODELS AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS FRI 10:30 LASALLE 3 13-5. SPATIAL MODELS OF POLITICAL PROCESSES FRI 1:30 LASALLE 3 13-6. FORMAL MODELS OF CAMPAIGNING FRI 3:30 LASALLE 3 13-7. FORMAL MODELS OF BUDGETARY POLITICS SAT 10:30 LASALLE 3 13-8. VOTING RULES SAT 8:30 LASALLE 3 13-9. ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND POSITIVE THEORY: BRIDGING THE GAP THU 1:30 LASALLE 3 (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION)

CO-SPONSORED PANEL LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 3-11. TESTING FORMAL MODELS OF TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY

SECTION 14. POLITICAL PARTIES AND INTEREST GROUPS David C. King, Harvard University

14-1. ROUNDTABLE ON INTEREST GROUP RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS THU 1:30 LASALLE 5 14-2. WHY DO PEOPLE JOIN INTEREST GROUPS? THU 3:30 LASALLE 5 14-3. POLITICS AND THE CHRISTIAN RIGHT WING FRI 8:30 LASALLE 5 14-4. POLITICAL PARTIES, GROUPS, AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS FRI 10:30 LASALLE 5 14-5. INTEREST GROUP COALITIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS FRI 1:30 LASALLE 5 14-6. LOBBYING FRI 3:30 LASALLE 5 14-7. STATE AND LOCAL POLITICAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS SAT 8:30 LASALLE 5 14-8. U.S. POLITICAL PARTIES SAT 3:30 LASALLE 5 14-9. SOURCES OF POWER AND PATRONAGE FOR INTEREST GROUPS THU 11:00 LASALLE 5 34

14-10. PARTIES, PARTISANSHIP, AND PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS SAT 1:30 LASALLE 5

SECTION 15. PRESIDENCY AND EXECUTIVE POLITICS Bert A. Rockman, University of Pittsburgh

15-1. A MIDTERM APPRAISAL OF THE CLINTON PRESIDENCY: A ROUNDTABLE THU 11:00 MONTROSE 1 15-2. THE PRESIDENT, CONGRESS, AND WAR: HAS THE WAR POWERS RESOLUTION WORKED? A ROUNDTABLE FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 1 15-3. THE INSTITUTIONALIZED EXECUTIVE THU 3:30 MONTROSE 1 15-4. PRESIDENTIAL POLITICS AND THE NEW CONGRESS SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 1 15-5. THE CLINTON WHITE HOUSE -- POLICYMAKING AND POLITICS FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 1 15-6. OF TIME AND THE PRESIDENCY -- HISTORICAL AND CYCLICAL EFFECTS FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 1 15-7. LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PSYCHOLOGIES FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 1 15-8. PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE FEDERAL EXECUTIVE SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 1 15-9. THE SEPARATED SYSTEM AND ITS EFFECTS SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 1 15-10. PRESIDENTIAL STRATEGIES AND POLICIES SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 1 CO-SPONSORED PANEL LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 8-3. PRESIDENTS AND THE PRESS

SECTION 16. LEGISLATIVE POLITICS Linda L. Fowler, Syracuse University

16-1. ROUNDTABLE ON THE 1994 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS FRI 8:30 PDR 16 16-2. ROUNDTABLE ON THE NEW CONGRESS THU 1:30 PDR 17 16-3. GEOGRAPHY AND POLITICAL REPRESENTATION THU 3:30 PDR 16 16-4. THE IMPACT OF LEGISLATIVE TURNOVER THU 11:00 PDR 16 16-5. COMMITTEE JURISDICTION AND COMMITTEE POWER THU 3:30 PDR 17 16-6. PARTISANSHIP IN CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES FRI 8:30 35

PDR 17 16-7. PARTY COALITIONS IN CONGRESS SAT 10:30 PDR 16 16-8. LEGISLATION DELIBERATION AND PUBLIC POLICY FRI 10:30 PDR 17 16-9. MODELS OF LEGISLATIVE DECISION MAKING FRI 1:30 PDR 16 16-10. LEGISLATIVE CAREERS FRI 1:30 PDR 17 16-11. THE AGGREGATE RESULTS OF ELECTIONS THU 1:30 PDR 16 16-12. ADVOCACY AND THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS FRI 3:30 PDR 16 16-13. CONSEQUENCES OF LEGISLATORS' STRATEGIC BEHAVIOR FRI 3:30 PDR 17 16-14. CONSTITUENCY INFLUENCE ON CONGRESS SAT 8:30 PDR 16 16-15. PUBLIC SUPPORT OF LEGISLATIVE INSTITUTIONS SAT 8:30 PDR 17 16-16. ROLL CALLS AND IDEOLOGY SAT 3:30 PDR 16 CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 1-16. LEGISLATIVE CHANGE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 7-2. CAMPAIGN STRATEGY IN U.S. CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS

SECTION 17. JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW Barbara Luck Graham, University of Missouri, St. Louis

17-1. MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES ON SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING THU 11:00 MONTROSE 7 17-2. MODELS OF INTEREST GROUP INFLUENCE ON THE SUPREME COURT THU 3:30 MONTROSE 7 17-3. TO ACCEPT OR DENY?: CERTIORARI DECISION-MAKING IN THE SUPREME COURT FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 7 17-4. SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING: INDIVIDUAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS THU 1:30 LASALLE 1 17-5. PERSPECTIVES ON LAW AND SOCIETY FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-6. INTERPRETIVE THEORIES, THE CONSTITUTION AND THE SUPREME COURT FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 7 17-7. INTEGRATIVE MODELS OF SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING FRI 10:30 LASALLE 1 36

17-8. PUBLIC OPINION AND THE SUPREME COURT FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 7 17-9. CROSS-INSTITUTIONAL STUDIES OF THE JUDICIARY THU 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-10. NEW PERSPECTIVES ON STATE JUDICIAL RESEARCH SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-11. CIVIL LIBERTIES, CIVIL RIGHTS AND JUDICIAL POLICYMAKING SAT 3:30 LASALLE 1 17-12. ROUNDTABLE ON RETHINKING CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY IN THE CLASSROOM SAT 10:30 LASALLE 1 17-13. COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR SAT 1:30 LASALLE 1 17-14. SHAW V. RENO AND RACE CONSCIOUS REDISTRICTING IN THE 1990’S SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 7 17-15. NEW APPROACHES TO GENDER AND THE COURTS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 7 CO-SPONSORED PANELS OR POSTER SESSIONS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 1-13. LEGITIMACY, COMPLIANCE, AND THE ROOTS OF JUSTICE: CROSS- NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES 6-17. RELIGION, LAW, AND PUBLIC OPINION POSTER SESSION II. GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH ON LAW, COURTS AND JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR

SECTION 18. STATE AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL POLITICS David Lowery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

18-1. WELFARE POLICIES IN THE STATES THU 11:00 MONTROSE 2 18-2. NEW INFLUENCES ON STATE GOVERNMENT POLICY THU 3:30 MONTROSE 2 18-3. THE CHANGING NATURE OF STATE ELECTIONS FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 2 18-4. IDEOLOGY AND STRUCTURE IN STATE LEGISLATURES THU 1:30 MONTROSE 2 18-5. REGULATING SERVICES IN THE STATES FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 2 18-6. PUBLIC OPINION AND POLICY IN THE AMERICAN STATES: PAST AND PRESENT FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 2 18-7. ROUNDTABLE ON THE STATE OF STATE POLITICS RESEARCH FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 2 37

18-8. RESEARCH ON STATE AND LOCAL TAXING AND SPENDING POLICY SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 2 18-9. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE STATES SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 2 18-10. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STATE AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL PERSPECTIVES SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 2 18-11. THE STATES AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 2

SECTION 19. URBAN AND LOCAL POLITICS Mark Schneider, State University of New York, Stony Brook

19-1. NEIGHBORHOODS IN URBAN POLICY FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 3 19-2. RAISING MONEY/SPENDING MONEY THU 11:00 MONTROSE 3 19-3. NEIGHBORHOOD BASED APPROACHES TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THU 1:30 MONTROSE 3 19-4. NEW PATTERNS OF CONFLICTS IN URBAN POLITICS FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 3 19-5. THE EVOLVING ROLE OF RACE IN URBAN POLITICS FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 3 19-6. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THU 3:30 MONTROSE 3 19-7. CHANGING PATTERNS OF URBAN LEADERSHIP FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 3 19-8. CHANGING PATTERNS OF URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 3 19-9. EDUCATIONAL INNOVATIONS -- EFFORTS AND IMPACTS SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 3 19-10. INSTITUTIONAL EFFORTS TO IMPROVE MINORITY REPRESENTATION SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 3 19-11. THE POLITICS OF URBAN EDUCATION SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 3

SECTION 20. PUBLIC POLICY Paul Teske, State University of New York, Stony Brook

20-1. PUBLIC OPINION AND PUBLIC POLICY THU 3:30 SANDBURG 2 20-2. POLICY TOWARD HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS THU 11:00 38

SANDBURG 2 20-3. ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY POLICY PERSPECTIVES SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 2 20-4. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND POLITICS THU 1:30 SANDBURG 2 20-5. REGULATORY POLICY THU 1:30 SANDBURG 6 20-6. JUDICIAL INFLUENCE OVER POLICY OUTCOMES THU 3:30 SANDBURG 6 20-7. JURISDICTIONAL COMPETITION AND POLICY OUTCOMES FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 2 20-8. INFORMATION, PARTICIPATION AND POLICY OUTCOMES FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 6 20-9. HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 2 20-10. COMPARATIVE PRIVATIZATION POLICY FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 2 20-11. HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 6 20-12. POLITICAL INFLUENCE OVER REGULATORY POLICY FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 2 20-13. AGENDA SETTING AND POLICY PROBLEMS SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 6 20-14. HEALTH CARE POLICY SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 2 20-15. GENDER, CLASS AND PUBLIC POLICY SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 2 20-16. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND PUBLIC POLICY SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 2 20-17. THE STATUS OF GAYS AND LESBIANS IN THE PROFESSION SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 6 CO-SPONSORED PANEL LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 6-1. PUBLIC OPINION AND THE POLICY PROCESS

SECTION 21. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Laura A. Reese, Eastern Michigan University

21-1. THE STATE OF THE BUREAUCRACY: BUREAUCRATIC POWER AND EFFECTIVENESS THU 11:00 SANDBURG 8 21-2. FISCAL FEDERALISM: FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL BUDGETARY ISSUES THU 1:30 SANDBURG 8 21-3. CURRENT ISSUES IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION THU 3:30 SANDBURG 8 21-4. TECHNOLOGY AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF ORGANIZATIONS FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 8 39

21-5. MANAGING TRADEOFFS BETWEEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AT THE STATE AND LOCAL LEVEL FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 8 21-6. PUBLIC PERSONNEL ISSUES FOR THE 1990'S FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 8 21-7. ORGANIZATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 8 21-8. POLITICS, REGULATION, AND ADMINISTRATION OF LEGALIZED GAMBLING IN THE STATES SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 8 21-9. CURRENT RESEARCH IN STATE AND LOCAL BUDGETING SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 8 21-10. THE ADMINISTRATION OF HUMAN SERVICES: CLIENT EMPOWERMENT, CONSUMER CHOICE, AND PUBLIC VALUES SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 8

SECTION 22. UNAFFILIATED GROUPS

22-1. PLATONIC POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY THU 11:00 SANDBURG 5 22-2. SOCRATIC RATIONALISM THU 1:30 SANDBURG 5 22-3. FOUNDERS AND STATESMEN SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 4 22-4. EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION: MOCK TRIALS THU 3:30 SANDBURG 5 22-5. ROUNDTABLE ON EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 4 22-6. ROUNDTABLE TO HONOR JEWEL PRESTAGE (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 5 22-7. INTEGRATING RACE AND GENDER INTO THE POLITICAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 5 22-8. ROUNDTABLE: THE 1994 ELECTIONS: WHAT HAPPENED TO THE 'YEAR OF THE WOMAN'? FRI 8:30 CRESTHILL 11 40

POSTER SESSIONS

I. TRANSITIONS TO DEMOCRACY THU 1:30-5:15 CRYSTAL ROOM II. GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH ON LAW, COURTS AND JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR FRI 1:30-5:15 CRYSTAL ROOM

III. ASSORTED TOPICS SAT 8:30-12:15 CRYSTAL ROOM

Authors may set up their poster displays beginning at 8:30 am on Thursday and Friday, 7:30 am on Saturday. All necessary posting materials will be supplied.

Daily Program Schedule

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm

MPSA EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEETING CRESTHILL ROOM

President: John Sprague, Washington University, St. Louis

Panel 1-9 BURNHAM 1 PROBLEMS OF CONCEPTUAL EQUIVALENCE AND MEASUREMENT IN COMPARATIVE RESEARCH Chair: W. Phillips Shively, University of Minnesota Papers: "Presidential Elections in France and the United States: Sources of Comparable Questions." Roy Pierce, University of Michigan "Comparing Countries in Francophone and Anglophone Africa." Jennifer A. Widner, Harvard University Disc: W. Phillips Shively, University of Minnesota David Laitin, University of Chicago

Panel 2-1 BURNHAM 2 POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Chair: Alison Lachowicz, California State University, Long Beach Papers: "The Impact of Environmental Variables on Political Violence." Alison Lachowicz, California State University, Long Beach "Coercion and Protest in Northern Ireland and Germany: A Test of Dynamic Models." Ronald A. Francisco, University of Kansas Disc: Manus Midlarsky, Rutgers University

Panel 3-2 BURNHAM 4 CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Chair: James S. Wunsch, Creighton University Papers: "Democratization and Civil-Military Relations in Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique." Robert J. Griffiths, University of North Carolina, Greensboro "The Evolution of Brazilian Military Thought, 1975-1994." Mariano Magalhaes, University of Iowa "Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan: A Case of Discordance." Rebecca L. Schiff, University of Michigan "Democratic Transitions and the Paradox of Disengagement: Comparative Studies on Chile and Brazil." Maurice Webb, University of California, Riverside Disc: James S. Wunsch, Creighton University

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 42

Panel 3-7 BURNHAM 5 ETHNIC IDENTITIES AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN EUROPE Chair: Rasma Karklins, University of Illinois, Chicago oPapers: "Relative Deprivation vs. Perceptual Injustice as Motivations for Demands for Greater Autonomy within Federal Structures: New Data from the Former USSR." Vicki L. Hesli, University of Iowa "Russian Protest: Ethnic Relations and Political Transition." Cynthia S. Kaplan, University of California, Santa Barbara "Ethnocultural Barriers to Democratic Transition in Eastern Europe: The Czechoslovak and Yugoslav Cases." Steven Majstorovic, Duquesne University Disc: Rasma Karklins, University of Illinois, Chicago Thomas Davis, Kent State University

Panel 4-1 CLARK 5 COLLECTIVE, STATE, AND ETHNIC IDENTITY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Chair: Adrianna Mejia, Illinois State University Papers: •Collective Interests and Identities: An Informational Approach.• Diana Richards, University of Minnesota •Problematizing Identity in International Relations, or •Whose State Is It Anyway?’• Sean M. Shore, University of Wisconsin, Madison •Is Ethnonationalism Overproduced? Individual Choice, Information, and Identity in Ethnic Politics.• Rupen Cetinyan, University of California, Los Angeles •Collective Identity Formation in the Visegrad Triangle.• Matthew Rhodes, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Badredine Arfi, University of Illinois

Panel 5-3 CLARK 7 GLOBALIZATION AND THE STATE: COMPARATIVE AND THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: William N. Stant, Loyola University of Chicago Papers: "Whither Global Liberalism? Research Questions from State Theory." Daniel Skidmore-Hess, Armstrong State College "International Political Economy from a Marxist Perspective." Ronald W. Cox, Florida International University "Globalization and the Crisis of Social Democracy." Robert Geyer, Marquette University "Debureaucratizing African States." William S. K. Reno, Florida International University Disc: Jonathan F. Galloway, Lake Forest College William N. Stant, Loyola University of Chicago

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 43

Panel 6-1 SANDBURG 7 PUBLIC OPINION AND THE POLICY PROCESS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON PUBLIC POLICY) Chair: Robert Y. Shapiro, Columbia University Papers: "Influences on Public Opinion Toward Health Care Policy." Robert Y. Shapiro, Columbia University, and Lawrence Jacobs, University of Minnesota •Polish Perceptions of the Role of Government in Health Care During the Communist Regime.• Diane Duffy, Iowa State University •The Role of Public Opinion in National Policy-Making.• Alan D. Monroe, Illinois State University Disc: Samuel Best, University of Notre Dame Robert S. Cooley, Illinois State University

Panel 7-1 DEARBORN 1 THE 1994 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS IN PERSPECTIVE Chair: Jack Johannes, Marquette University Papers: "The 1994 Congressional Elections in Perspective." Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego •Midterm Loss in the U.S. Senate: 1922-1994.• Thomas L. Brunell and William Koetzle, University of California, Irvine •The Election of Discontent: The 1994 U.S. Senate Race in Virginia." Richard J. Semiatin and Ronald G. Shaiko, American University "Winners, Losers, and Money in U.S. Senate Elections 1974-1994.• Glenn W. Richardson, Jr., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and Ross E. Burkhart, University of Iowa Disc: Jack Johannes, Marquette University John McAdams, Marquette University

Panel 7-8 CLARK 10 MOBILIZING PARTICIPATION Chair: David C. Leege, University of Notre Dame Papers: •Evidence on the Role of Groups in Voter Turnout.• Peter W. Wielhouwer, University of Georgia •Seeding the Grassroots: Mobilization and Contacting Congress.• Kenneth M. Goldstein, University of Michigan •The Illinois Voter Project: An Experiment in Enhancing Issue Information and Citizen Participation in the 1994 Illinois Gubernatorial Election.• Barry Rundquist, Sharon E. Fox, Gerald Strom, University of Illinois, Chicago, and Shari L. Cartwright, Illinois Council Against Handgun Violence and the University of Illinois, Chicago •Participation and Mobilization: Contacting Political Leaders about Emerging Science Issues.• Timothy J. Ressmeyer, Chicago Academy of Sciences Disc: Brad Lockerbie, University of Georgia THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 44

Panel 8-1 PDR 18 POLITICAL ADVERTISING Chair: Andrew D. McNitt, Eastern Illinois University Papers: "Communicating Feeling: Music in Campaign Ads." G. R. Boynton and John S. Nelson, University of Iowa "Dirty Politics Down Home: Negative Advertising in State House Races." Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron "Interested Advertising: Paid Advocacy and the Scope of Conflict." Burdett Loomis, University of Kansas "Political Advertising and Health Care Reform." Darrell M. West and Chris Goodwin, Brown University Disc: Andrew D. McNitt, Eastern Illinois University

Panel 9-2 DEARBORN 2 ROUNDTABLE. BEYOND SURVEY RESEARCH: LISTENING TO WOMEN'S VOICES Chair: Kristi Andersen, Syracuse University Participants: Kristi Andersen, Syracuse University Ann Marshall, Syracuse University Jane Mansbridge, Northwestern University Roberta S. Sigel, Rutgers University Shelli Mulder, Princeton University

Panel 10-1 DEARBORN 3 RACE, CLASS AND EDUCATION POLITICS Chair: Clarence Stone, University of Maryland Papers: "Privatization of Urban Education: Race and Politics in Baltimore." Marion Orr, Duke University "Black Political Incorporation in a Middle-Class Suburb: A Case Analysis of Education Politics in Prince George's County." Valerie Johnson, University of Illinois, Chicago "Race, Class and Education Policy in a 'Good Government' County." Connie Hill and Cheryl Jones, University of Maryland "Minority Student Success and Political Resources." J.L. Polinard and Robert W. Wrinkle, University of Texas, Pan American Disc: Georgia Persons, Georgia Tech

Panel 11-1 SANDBURG 3 HANNAH ARENDT AFTER 20 YEARS Chair: Jeffrey Isaac, Indiana University Papers: •Hannah Arendt and Social Science: New Beginnings.• Joanna V. Scott, Eastern Michigan University THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 45

•Hannah Arendt and Liberal Political Thought Today.• Suzanne Jacobitti, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville •Redemption or Resistance: Narrative and the Common World in Ricoeur and Arendt.• Lisa Disch, University of Minnesota

•Philosophizing Politics: Arendt and Gadamer on the Role of the Eidos.• Lawrence J. Biskowski, University of Georgia Disc: Jeffrey Isaac, Indiana University

Panel 12-1 LASALLE 2 AGGREGATE DATA AND INDIVIDUAL INFERENCE Chair: Henry Brady, University of California, Berkeley Papers: "MLE Estimates of Racially-Polarized Voting from Aggregate Data When Partisanship is Unobserved." Christopher Achen, University of Michigan "A Multi-Level Approach to Economic Voting." Marco R. Steenbergen, Carnegie Mellon University Disc: Henry Brady, University of California, Berkeley

Panel 13-1 LASALLE 3 INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND LEGISLATIVE STRATEGY Chair: David Epstein, Columbia University Papers: "Bargaining, Veto Power, and Legislative Committees." Daniel Diermeier, Stanford University, and Roger B. Myerson, Northwestern University "Legislative Behavior with a Conference Option." James R. Rogers, University of Iowa and University of Nebraska "Congressional Inefficiencies and Delegation." Sharyn O'Halloran, Columbia University Disc: Tim Groseclose, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Panel 14-9 LASALLE 5 SOURCES OF POWER AND PATRONAGE FOR INTEREST GROUPS Chair: Scott R. Furlong, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay Papers: "Think Tanks and Patronage: Interest Representation in the Policy Process." Michael Bath, University of Kansas "It's All in the Mix: Socioeconomic Diversity and Interest Group Activity in the American States." William J. Benfanti, University of Maryland "Public Interest Group Entrepreneurship: Disturbances, Patronage, and Personal Sacrifice." Anthony J. Nownes and Grant Neely, University of Tennessee "Understanding Interest Group Power: Lessons from Developments in the American States Since the Mid-1980s." Clive S. Thomas, University of Alaska, Southeast, and Ronald J. Hrebenar, University of Utah Disc: Beth L. Leech, Texas A&M University

Panel 15-1 MONTROSE 1 THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 46

A MIDTERM APPRAISAL OF THE CLINTON PRESIDENCY: A ROUNDTABLE Chair: Colin Campbell, Georgetown University Part.: Joel D. Aberbach, University of California, Los Angeles George C. Edwards, III, Texas A&M University Charles O. Jones, Brookings Institution Paul J. Quirk, University of Illinois Graham K. Wilson, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 16-4 PDR 16 THE IMPACT OF LEGISLATIVE TURNOVER Chair: Malcolm E. Jewell, University of Kentucky Papers: "Concentrated Minorities, Careers, and Influence: The Dead End of Term Limits for Minority Legislators." Christopher C. Afendulis, Harvard University "The Implications of Turnover and Term Limits on Institutional Stability." Scott Ainsworth, University of Georgia, Patrick J. Fett, Memphis State University, and Itai J. Sened, Tel Aviv University "First Term Members in the 103rd House: Their Effects on Partisanship and Policy." Patricia A. Hurley, Texas A&M University, and Brinck Kerr, University of Arkansas "The Effects of Voluntary Retirement on Representation: The House of Representatives, 1983-1990." Charles Tien, University of Iowa Disc: Judd Choate, Purdue University

Panel 17-1 MONTROSE 7 MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES ON SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING Chair: P.S. Ruckman, Jr., Northern Illinois University Papers: "To Reverse or Not to Reverse: Personal and Institutional Sources of Supreme Court Fluidity." Forrest Maltzman and Paul J. Wahlbeck, George Washington University "Speaking with a Different Voice: An Analysis of Opinion Writing Behavior." Lynn Rudasill, Jennifer Bailey, and Robert C. Bradley, Illinois State University "Mustering the Minority: The Dissent Assignments of Justice William J. Brennan." Sandra Wood and Gary Gansle, University of North Texas "Does the Composition of the Court Matter for Judicial Decision-Making?" Paul A. Djupe, Washington University Disc: Elliot E. Slotnick, Ohio State University

Panel 18-1 MONTROSE 2 WELFARE POLICIES IN THE STATES Chair: William D. Berry, Florida State University Papers: "Limits of Welfare Reform: The Role of State Government in Setting AFDC Policy." John S. Lapinksi, Columbia University, and John Benedetto, University of Texas "Innovation and Constraint: A Model of Partial Diffusion." Stacey Hunter Hecht, THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 47

University of Minnesota "The States Reform Welfare: How Politics and Budgets Have Affected Change." Shelly Arsneault, Michigan State University Disc: Saundra Schneider, University of South Carolina Philip Roeder, University of Kentucky

Panel 19-2 MONTROSE 3 RAISING MONEY/SPENDING MONEY Chair: Cynthia Jackson, Michigan State University Papers: "The Evolution of a Local Public Economy: Implications for the Principle of Equity." Peter Maier, University of Wisconsin "Urban Politics and Fiscal Stress: Elites, Budgeting, and Regime Change." Julie L. Bundt, University of Kansas "State and Local Roles in Education Finance: A Study of Tax and Expenditure Limitations That Affect Local School Districts." David C. Powell, Miami University "Innovative Revenue Strategies and Local Government Service Delivery." James D. Ward, University of Toledo Disc: Corliss Lentz, St. Xavier University

Panel 20-2 SANDBURG 2 POLICY TOWARD HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS Chair: Jack Knott, Michigan State University Papers: •NAFTA and the Health Professions: A Case of Regulatory Convergence or the Convergence of Interest Groups?• Ann Martino and Peter Dombrowski, Iowa State University •An Analysis of the Impact of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987.• Lucinda Ramsey, Michigan State University •Unprotected Civil Rights of U.S. Health Care Workers Abroad: Policy Implications.• T.R. Carr, John Virgo, George Sullivan, Jack Kaikati, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, and Katherine Virgo, St. Louis University Disc: Jack Knott, Michigan State University Robert Sprinkle, Duke University

Panel 21-1 SANDBURG 8 THE STATE OF THE BUREAUCRACY: BUREAUCRATIC POWER AND EFFECTIVENESS Chair: Larry B. Hill, University of Oklahoma Papers: •What History Advises About Reinventing Government: A Meta-Analysis of Bureaucratic Effectiveness.• Patrick J. Wolf, Columbia University "Is the Bureaucracy an Immobilized Gulliver or a Regenerative Phoenix? THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 48

Reconsidering the Alleged Demise of Federal Bureaucratic Power." Larry B. Hill, University of Oklahoma "Measuring Productivity in Federal Agencies: Does Total Quality Management Make a Difference?" Bonnie G. Mani, East Carolina University "The Federal Emergency Agency: Adhocracy or Bureaucracy?" Carolyn L. Clark-Daniels, Iowa State University "State Government Administrative Resurgence? Employment and Compensation Patterns of State Governments 1960-1990." Dennis O. Grady and S. Keith Lane, Appalachian State University Disc: Larry B. Hill, University of Oklahoma

Panel 22-1 SANDBURG 5 PLATONIC POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Chair: V. Bradley Lewis, The Review of Politics Papers: "Gender and the Unity of the Virtues in Plato's Psychology." Michael S. Kochin, University of Chicago "Rhythm and Harmony in Plato's Republic." Carson Holloway, Northern Illinois University "The Unity of Plato's Political Thought Revisited." V. Bradley Lewis, The Review of Politics Disc: Scott R. Hemmenway, Eureka College John Stack, Northern Illinois University

PLENARY SESSION

Québec's Political Future

Honorable Bernard Landry

Deputy Prime Minister Minister of International Affairs, Immigration, and Cultural Communities Minister Responsible for Relations with French-speaking Communities Government of Québec

Introduction by John Sprague, President Midwest Political Science Association THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm 49

THURSDAY, APRIL 6 5:30 pm

WABASH PARLOR 3rd FLOOR

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm

Poster Session I CRYSTAL ROOM DISPLAYS 1:30-3:30

TRANSITIONS TO DEMOCRACY I.1. "Gender, Participation and Support for Democracy: Mass Publics and Democratic Transition in Urban Central America." John A. Booth, University of North Texas, and Patricia Bayer Richard, Ohio University I.2. "New Democracies, Economic Crisis and System Support." Juan Carlos Huerta, University of Houston I.3. "Economic Transformations and Democratization in Eastern Europe." Steven J. Norton, University of Michigan I.4. "Democracy and 'Democratic Values' Among Mass Publics in the Former Soviet Union." William M. Reisinger, University of Iowa I.5. "Slogans of the Leipzig Demonstrations: Propaganda Inverted." John Fremstad, University of South Dakota I.6. "Interested Onlookers: The West and Women's Transition to Democracy." Jane Berthusen Gottlick, University of South Carolina I.7. "Imposed Democracy in Post-War Germany." Richard L. Merritt, University of Illinois I.8. "Elite Structures and Democratic Transition: The Cases of Iran and Modern Germany." Matthew C. Wells, Kent State University

Panel 1-1 BURNHAM 1 ECONOMIC POLICY IN INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACIES Chair: Arnold J. Heidenheimer, Washington University Papers: "Halting Government Growth: The Repeal of Wagner's Law?" Richard I. Hofferbert and Eric Kimmelman, State University of New York, Binghamton "Policy Substitutability and the Political Business Cycle: A Comparative Analysis." Richard Jankowski, State University of New York, Fredonia "Intra-ministerial Conflict and Government Intervention: HDTV and Telecommunications in Japan." Eiji Kawabata, University of Pittsburgh "Worksharing: A Politically Strategic Departure for European Labor?" Manfred McDowell, DePauw University Disc: Robert E. Sterken, Jr., Texas Tech University

Panel 2-11 BURNHAM 2 BRINGING PARTIES BACK IN: POLITICAL PARTIES, DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION, AND ECONOMIC REFORM (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY) Chair: Lloyd I. Rudolph, University of Chicago Papers: "Political Parties and Problems of Democratic Consolidation: The Turkish Case in Comparative Perspective." Sabri Sayari, Institute of Turkish Studies "Liberal Democracy Without Liberal Parties: India's Political Paradox and the THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 51

Politics of Economic Reform." John Echeverri-Gent, University of Virginia

"Party Development and Political Realignment: The Case of Argentina." Christopher Sabatini, University of Virginia "The Process of Democratic Transition in South Asia -- The Cases of Pakistan and Nepal." Pramod Kantha, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Susan Stokes, University of Chicago Lloyd I. Rudolph, University of Chicago

Panel 3-1 BURNHAM 4 NEW APPROACHES TO CIVIL SOCIETY DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Chair: Kevin Brennan, Ouachita Baptist University Papers: "Concepts of Civil Society and Theories of Regime Change." Andrew Green, University of Illinois "Institutional Change and Workers' Benefits: The Spanish Transition to Democracy." Kerstin Hamann, University of Central Florida "Interest Groups, the Old/New Nomenklatura and the Politics of Economic Reform and Stagnation in Russia and Ukraine." Paul Kubicek, University of Michigan "The Impact of Interest-Group Emergence on Democratic Consolidation in the Southern Cone of Latin America." Jan Sallinger-McBride and Anthony J. Nownes, University of Tennessee Disc: Kevin Brennan, Ouachita Baptist University Maqsood Choudary, University of Missouri, Columbia

Panel 4-2 BURNHAM 5 DETERRENCE AND BALANCE-OF-THREAT STUDIES Chair: Sara McLaughlin, Michigan State University Papers: •Credibility and Capability in Cases of Deterrence.• Robin Gault, Emory University •The Balance of Threat and the Formation of the Gulf Cooperation Council.• David Priess, Duke University •The State of the Nuclear Deterrence Debate.• Michael P. Tkacik, University of Maryland Disc: Sara McLaughlin, Michigan State University

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 52

Panel 5-8 CLARK 7 COOPERATION AND CONFLICT IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago Papers: "Impure Public Goods, Relative Gains and Cooperation in International Trade." Matthew J. Costello, St. Xavier University "Capabilities, Salience and International Trade Relations." Lui Hebron, Iowa State University "Relative Versus Absolute Gains: The Politics of Trade Between Divided Countries." Jongryn Mo and Han Dorussen, University of Texas Disc: Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago Vincent A. Mahler, Loyola University of Chicago

Panel 6-2 MONTROSE 1 MULTICULTURALISM AND POLITICAL TOLERANCE Chair: James Gibson, University of Houston Papers: •Group-Specific Dimensions of Perceived Threat and their Implications for Political Tolerance.• Ewa Golebiowska, Ohio State University •The Dynamic American Ethos: Value Conflict and Racial Policy Preferences.• Paul Kellstedt, University of Minnesota •Tolerance in the Slovak Republic: Effects of Democratic Norms.• John Transue, University of Minnesota •Learning to Respect Diversity: Love and Hate in a Multicultural Democracy.• Elizabeth Theiss-Morse and Jeff Spinner, University of Nebraska Disc: James Gibson, University of Houston

Panel 6-9 SANDBURG 7 STUDIES OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION Chair: Norman R. Luttbeg, Texas A&M University Papers: •Vertical Decalage in Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development.• Stephen Chilton, University of Minnesota-Duluth •Politically Active Senior Citizens: How They Compare with Their Politically Inactive Peers.• Anne Miles, Georgetown University •'Think Globally, Act Locally': Why Political Science Underestimates the NEXT Generation.• Diana Owen and Molly W. Sonner, Georgetown University •(Dis)Connecting the Past and Future: Mourning, Memory and Political Socialization.• Mary Beth Melchior, University of Maryland Disc: Jan Leighley, Texas A&M University

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 53

Panel 7-2 CLARK 10 CAMPAIGN STRATEGY IN U.S. CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON LEGISLATIVE POLITICS) Chair: Patrick Sellers, Indiana University Papers: •The Battle of the Sexes? A Comparison of Women's and Men's Campaigns for the U.S. House of Representatives.• Paul S. Herrnson and Kirsten Andersen, University of Maryland •Words and Deeds: Not-So-Cheap Talk in U.S. Senate Campaigns, 1988- 1992.• Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison •The Dynamics of Issue Emphasis: Campaign Strategy and Media Coverage in Statewide Races.• R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology •Issue Emphasis and the Constraint of Credibility.• Patrick Sellers, Indiana University Disc: Gerald Wright, Indiana University David Canon, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 7-4 DEARBORN 1 ABSENTEE VOTING Chair: Santa Traugott, University of Michigan Papers: •Comparing and Contrasting Absentee and Precinct Voters.• Jeffrey A. Dubin and Gretchen A. Kalsow, California Institute of Technology •Who Votes at Home? Characteristics of the Absentee Electorate.• J. Eric Oliver, University of California, Berkeley Disc: Santa Traugott, University of Michigan

Panel 8-2 PDR 18 THE IMPACT OF PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN COVERAGE Chair: Michael G. Hagen, Harvard University Papers: "Television News Content and Effects in the 1972-76 National Election Studies Panel." Stephen C. Godek, College of Wooster "Public Opinion and the Media during Presidential Election Campaigns: Who Influences Whom?" David A. Jones and Silvo Lenart, Purdue University "Political Media, Awareness and Attitudes." Clark Hubbard, University of Michigan Disc: Michael G. Hagen, Harvard University

Panel 9-8 DEARBORN 2 SEX AND GENDER IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: POST-INDUSTRIAL STATES Chair: Jane Berthusen Gottlick, University of South Carolina Papers: "Post-Materialism, Feminist Consciousness, and the Women's Movement: The Cases of France, Italy, and West Germany." Mark M. Berger, Duke University "European Policy Implications of Ecofeminism." Mark Somma, Texas Tech University "The Impact of Women's Political Strength on Welfare and Family Policy in THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 54

Industrialized Countries." Lael Keiser, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

"Gender, Family, and Political Participation in the Netherlands and the United States." Carol Christy, Ohio University-Lancaster, and Monique Leijenaar, Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen Disc: Karen Beckwith, College of Wooster

Panel 10-3 DEARBORN 3 QUESTIONS OF IDENTITY AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF DEMOCRACY Chair: Elizabeth Kelly, DePaul University Papers: "Hegemony as Nation-Building: Antonio Gramsci and the Construction of National-Popular Identity." Michael Forman, Rutgers University "The Politics of Recognition: Toward a Postmodernist Liberalism?" Emily Gill, Bradley University "Race and Class Identity in the American Radical Tradition." John R. Martin, Moravian College "Rethinking Modern Nationalism: A Critical Approach to Understanding the Nature and Origins of Nationalism in Sixteenth Century England." Paul Sum, Northwestern University Disc: Carleton Larsen, Centre College

Panel 11-2 SANDBURG 3 DEMOCRACY, COMMUNICATION AND LEGITIMACY Chair: William Scheuerman, University of Pittsburgh Papers: •'Legitimation Crisis' in the Later Work of Jurgen Habermas.• Joseph Heath, Northwestern University •Conversational Restraints vs. Persuasive Limitations: What Cannot Be Said But Only Shown.• Mark G. Robeck, University of Chicago •Communicative Competence and Democracy: The Languages of American Political Thought from a Critical Perspective.• Lisa A. Zanetti, University of Tennessee •Political Strategy: The Missing Piece in Dewey's Democratic Theory?• William Caspary, Washington University Disc: William Scheuerman, University of Pittsburgh

Panel 11-5 SANDBURG 4 AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY Chair: Calvin C. Jillson, University of Colorado at Boulder Papers: •The 'Free and Open' Press: Liberalism, Republicanism and the American Tradition of Press Liberty.• Robert W.T. Martin, University of Minnesota •Empowering Limited Government: The Constitutional Debate of 1787.• Ann C. Davies, University of Chicago •Is Public Deliberation the Political Forum of Practical Reasoning?• Michael E. Bailey, University of Texas •The Anti-Constitutional Spirit: Progressive Ideology and the Legal Foundations THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 55

of American Government.• Marcus E. Ethridge, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: Siobhan Moroney, Lake Forest College

Panel 12-2 LASALLE 2 DURATION MODELS Chair: Simon Jackman, University of Chicago Papers: "Teasing Out The Form of Duration Dependence." Nathaniel Beck, University of California, San Diego "Selection and Mobility Structure in a Parametric Model of Employment Duration: The Dynamics of a Bureaucratic Labor Market." Daniel P. Carpenter, Brookings Institution "The Partisan Unprogressive Story for Ratification of Prohibition and Woman Suffrage." Susan Ellis, University of Michigan Disc: Simon Jackman, University of Chicago

Panel 13-9 LASALLE 3 ROUNDTABLE. BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND POSITIVE THEORY (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION) Chair: William T. Bianco, Duke University Participants: John Aldrich, Duke University Donald Green, Yale University Arthur Lupia, University of California, San Diego Wendy Rahn, University of Wisconsin, Madison James Stimson, University of Minnesota

Panel 14-1 LASALLE 5 ROUNDTABLE ON INTEREST GROUP RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS Chair: David C. King, Harvard University Participants: "Reconciling Equality, Impartiality, and Legitimacy in Interest Groups." Thomas Gais, Rockefeller Institute of Government "What is Membership?" Robert H. Salisbury, Washington University "What are Interests?" Jane Mansbridge, Northwestern University "Are Groups the Only Interests?" William P. Browne, Central Michigan University

Panel 16-2 PDR 17 ROUNDTABLE ON THE NEW CONGRESS Chair: Leroy N. Rieselbach, Indiana University Part: Roger H. Davidson, University of Maryland Charles O. Jones, Brookings Institution and University of Wisconsin, Madison THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 56

Barbara Sinclair, University of California, Riverside James E. Campbell, Louisiana State University James A. Thurber, American University

Panel 16-11 PDR 16 THE AGGREGATE RESULTS OF ELECTIONS Chair: James E. Campbell, Louisiana State University " Aggregate Level Economic Conditions and the Vote for Congress: 1872-1988." G. Patrick Lynch, Furman University "Uncontested Seats and Electoral Competition for the U.S. House Over Time." Peverill Squire and J. Mark Wrighton, University of Iowa Disc: Geoffrey D. Peterson, University of Iowa

Panel 17-4 LASALLE 1 SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING: INDIVIDUAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS Chair: Joyce A. Baugh, Central Michigan University Papers: "Is Where They Start Where They End?: A Longitudinal Study of the Preferences of U.S. Supreme Court Justices, 1937-1992." Lee Epstein, Washington University, Harold Spaeth, Michigan State University and Valerie J. Hoekstra, Washington University "What Motivates Supreme Court Justices?: Assessing the Evidence on Justices’ Goals." Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University "Stability and Change in the Ideological Values in Supreme Court Decisions." James P. Wenzel, University of California, Riverside "The Impact of Freshman Justices: Criminal Justice Issues." Christopher E. Smith, Michigan State University Disc: Tim Hagle, University of Iowa

Panel 17-9 MONTROSE 7 CROSS-INSTITUTIONAL STUDIES OF THE JUDICIARY Chair: Beth Henschen, Loyola University of Chicago Papers: "Senators and their Ideological Evaluations of Supreme Court Nominees." James N.G. Cauthen, University of Kentucky "An Exploratory Analysis of Judicial Activism in the U.S. Supreme Court’s Nullification of Congressional Statutes." Linda Camp Keith, University of North Texas "State Courts and Public School Finance: A Study of Inter-Institutional Agenda- Setting." Matthew H. Bosworth, University of Wisconsin, Madison "Attention to Constitutional Issues: Agenda Formation on the U.S. Supreme Court as an Interactive Process." Roy B. Flemming, B. Dan Wood and John Bohte, Texas A&M University "Congressional Control of the Courts: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Expansion of the Federal Judiciary." Emerson H. Tiller and John de THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 57

Figueiredo, University of California, Berkeley Disc: William P. McLauchlan, Purdue University

Panel 18-4 MONTROSE 2 IDEOLOGY AND STRUCTURE IN STATE LEGISLATURES Chair: Jack Van Der Slik, Sangamon State University Papers: "The Role of Parties and Ideology in a Democracy-Inequality Relationship: A State by State Examination." Laura Langer, Florida State University "Professionalization of U.S. State Legislatures: The Impact of Environmental Factors, 1910-1992." Brian Lawson, University of California, Los Angeles "Bicameralism and Health Policy in the State of Michigan." Brian P. Janiskee, Michigan State University "The Role and Use of Information in Legislative Agenda Setting." Jon Michael Hagler, Washington University Disc: Kim Quaile Hill, Texas A&M University

Panel 19-3 MONTROSE 3 NEIGHBORHOOD BASED APPROACHES TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Chair: Austin Works, St. Cloud University Papers: "Empower the People: An Assessment of Community-Based, Collaborative and Persistent Poverty Initiatives." Michael J. Rich, Emory University "Credit Risk Management and Rules: The Experience of Neighborhood Peer- Lending Programs in the U.S." Richard Hung, Indiana University "Can Senior Citizens Command the Resources to Enact Redistributive Policies in Local Governments?" Charles L. Betley, University of Michigan Disc: Leda McIntyre Hall, Indiana University Austin Works, St. Cloud State University

Panel 20-4 SANDBURG 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND POLITICS Chair: Joseph Coughlin, Northeastern University Papers: •The Role of Environmental Impact Assessment in Promoting Sustainable Development.• Madhu Malik, Purdue University •Congressional Policy Leadership in Environmental Policy.• David Webber, University of Missouri, Columbia •Property Rights Movements and Unfunded Mandate Reform: Impacts on Environmental Policymaking and Implementation.• Eric Fitch, University of West Florida Disc: Alka Sapat, State University of New York, Stony Brook Joseph Coughlin, Northeastern University

Panel 20-5 SANDBURG 6 REGULATORY POLICY Chair: Ann Martino, Iowa State University THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 58

Papers: •Is Less Really Better? The Case of Occupational Health Regulation.• David Pedersen, University of Cincinnati •Bureaucratic Discretion and Policy Outcomes.• Mallika Bhattacharya, State University of New York •Changing Domestic Priorities and Agency Transformation: The Small Business Administration 7(a) Loan Program.• Kevin Corder, Washington University •The Political Economy of Federal and State S&L Deregulation.• Julie Laumann, New York University, and Paul Teske, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Gary Mucciaroni, Temple University Michael Scicchitano, University of Florida

Panel 21-2 SANDBURG 8 FISCAL FEDERALISM: FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL BUDGETARY ISSUES Chair: Steven Koven, Iowa State University Papers: "Budget Theory: Uncovering the Ideological Dimension." Steven Koven, Iowa State University "Meeting the Challenge: State Revenue Raising in the 1990's." William De Soto and Hassan Tajalli, Southwest Texas State University "The Effects of Non-Utility Enterprises on Municipal Taxes and Expenditures." Theodore J. Stumm, University of North Florida "Hooked on COLA's: The Erosion of a Proactive Federal Government." Peter Kobrak and Kirk Lindquist, Western Michigan University Disc: J. Cne Breaux, University of Houston

Panel 22-2 SANDBURG 5 SOCRATIC RATIONALISM Chair: Kenneth Blanchard, Northern State University Papers: "Socrates, Plato, and Nietzsche." Robert Hall, University of Vermont "The Enemies of Socrates." Kenneth Blanchard, Northern State University Disc: Roberta L. Sullivan, University of Notre Dame Walter J. Thompson, University of Notre Dame

PLENARY SESSION

Québec's Political Future

Honorable Bernard Landry

Deputy Prime Minister THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1:30-3:15 pm 59

Minister of International Affairs, Immigration, and Cultural Communities Minister Responsible for Relations with French-speaking Communities Government of Québec

THURSDAY, APRIL 6 5:30 pm

WABASH PARLOR 3rd FLOOR

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm

Poster Session I (continues) CRYSTAL ROOM AUTHORS PRESENT 3:30-5:00

Panel 1-2 BURNHAM 1 DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CENTRAL BANK AUTONOMY Chair: Sylvia Maxfield, Yale University Papers: "Central Bank Independence, Coordinated Wage Bargaining, and Sectoral Interest." Robert J. Franzese, Jr., Harvard University "Political Parties and the Independence of Central Banks." Jakub Zielinski, University of Chicago "Representing Rust Belts: Parliaments, Banks, and Policy Toward Industrial Change." John C. Thomas, Brigham Young University Disc: Barbara Koremenos, University of Chicago

Panel 1-3 BURNHAM 5 NEW FINDINGS ON THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF CABINET FORMATION Chair: D. Roderick Kiewiet, California Institute of Technology Papers: "Political Parties, Agenda Control, and the Electoral Incumbency Effect." Kaare Strom, Stanford University, and Stephen Swindle, University of California, San Diego "Cabinet Formation and Cabinet Duration in Parliamentary Democracies: A Unified Approach." Lanny W. Martin and Randolph T. Stevenson, University of Rochester

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 61

"Economic Accountability and Multiparty Government in Western Europe, 1973- 1989." Kevin M. Leyden, West Virginia University, Brad Lockerbie, University of Georgia, Terry J. Royed and Stephen A. Borrelli, University of Alabama Disc: Carol A. Mershon, University of Virginia

Panel 2-3 BURNHAM 2 PUBLIC OPINION AND DEMOCRACY IN LATIN AMERICA Chair: David J. Myers, Penn State University Papers: "Public Attitudes Toward the Deepening of Democracy in Mexico: Opinion During the 1994 National Election Campaign." Mark Teare, United States Information Agency "Economic Stress, Public Opinion and Democratic Legitimacy: Uruguay in the 1990’s." Jennifer McCoy, Georgia State University "Attitudes Toward Military Intervention in Democratic Politics: Venezuela in Times of Regime Consolidation and Decay." David J. Myers and Robert E. O'Connor, Penn State University "Brazilian Environmental Politics: Popular Attitudes and Participation in the Urban Periphery." Jamie Jacobs Anderson, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Karen Remmer, University of New Mexico Steven J. Rosenstone, University of Michigan

Panel 3-4 BURNHAM 4 ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Chair: Elisha Greifer, Northern Michigan University Papers: "The Social and Political Constraints to Economic Reforms in East-Central Europe." Syed Mohsin Hashim, Penn State University "Problems of Economic and Political Transformation in the Turkic Moslem Republics of the Former Soviet Union." S. Dogan Koyuoglu, University of Michigan, Dearborn "Neo-Liberal Plans, Civil Society and Democratic Consolidation in Argentina and Brazil." Jean Francois Mayer, Penn State University "Market Reform, Democratization and Unemployment in Yeltsin's Russia." Thomas E. Rotnem, Ohio State University Disc: Elisha Greifer, Northern Michigan University

Panel 4-4 CLARK 5 UNITED STATES FOREIGN AID POLICY Chair: Robert E. Sterken, Jr., Texas Tech University Papers: •The Use of United States Aid as a Tool to Improve Human Rights Performance: An Empirical Analysis.• Alan Arwine, Southern Illinois University •U.S. Foreign Food Aid: The Impact of Ideas on Policy Formation.• Ronald E. Ahnen, University of North Carolina THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 62

•U.S. Development Assistance: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa.• Bobby R. Summers, Southern Illinois University

•Defending and Promoting Democracy: A Longitudinal Analysis of U.S. Foreign Aid.• Bryan Brophy-Baermann, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point Disc: Robert E. Sterken, Jr., Texas Tech University

Panel 5-1 CLARK 7 CONTINENTAL ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AFTER NAFTA Chair: William C. Green, Morehead State University Papers: "The Low Road?: NAFTA as a Low-Wage, Low-Productivity Solution for U.S. Automotive Competitiveness." Sean McAlinden, University of Michigan "Impact of the NAFTA on the U.S. Textile and Apparel Industry." Leena Thacker Kumar, University of Houston "NAFTA and Economic Restructuring in Mexico: Political Implications for and Strategic Responses by Mexican Autoworkers." Walter Vanderbush, Miami University "NAFTA and Organized Labor: Capital Mobility, Corporate Culture and Management Control." Donald Wells, McMaster University Disc: Ernest J. Yanarella, University of Kentucky

Panel 6-3 SANDBURG 7 VOTER DECISION-MAKING Chair: Herbert Weisberg, Ohio State University Papers: •Problems with the Most Important Problem: Public Concerns in a Media Age.• Herbert Weisberg, Kathleen Carr, and Barry C. Burden, Ohio State University •Motivated Reasoning and Candidate Evaluation: The Impact of Prior Beliefs and Resistance to Persuasion.• Mark Fischle, State University of New York, Stony Brook •An Information-Processing Theory of Party Identification.• Charles E. Smith Jr., University of Mississippi Disc: Pat Stroh, Carnegie-Mellon University

Panel 6-4 LASALLE 1 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY MEETS JAMES CARVILLE Chair: Milton Lodge, State University of New York, Stony Brook Papers: •Slick Willie . . . .• Milton Lodge, Mark Fischle and Traci Nagi, State University of New York, Stony Brook •The Miserly Voter: Heuristics and Rational Voting Behavior.• David Redlawsk and Richard Lau, Rutgers University •The Structure and Content of Political Party Images.• Wendy Rahn, Duke University, and Katherine Cramer, University of Michigan

Disc: Daron Shaw, University of Texas

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 63

Panel 7-3 DEARBORN 1 MODELS OF VOTER CHOICE Chair: J. Mark Wrighton, University of Iowa Papers: •A Risk-Seeking Model of Voter Preference for Third Party Candidates: Theoretical Development and Path-Analytic Assessment.• Wendy E. Scattergood and Stanley B. Malos, Purdue University •Negative Voting and Systemic Disaffection, 1964-1992.• Michael M. Gant and Lilliard E. Richardson, Jr., University of Tennessee "Scandalous Results: The Effect of Scandal on Elections for the U.S. House of Representatives." Todd Lough, Loyola University Disc: Erik Gartzke, University of Iowa

Panel 7-6 CLARK 10 GENDER AND PARTICIPATION IN AMERICAN POLITICS Chair: Susan Craig, Rutgers University Papers: •Gender, Endogeneity, and Political Participation.• Nancy Burns, University of Michigan •The Influence of Paid Employment on Women's Political Participation.• Rachelle L. Brooks, Rutgers University •Gender and Income as Poor Estimators of Political Efficacy.• Elizabeth Felter, Rutgers University •Candidate Gender and Electoral Participation in the 1980s.• Russell Mayer, University of Michigan Disc: Barbara Burrell, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 8-5 PDR 18 MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE 1992 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN AND ITS EFFECTS Chair: Richard Johnston, Harvard University Papers: "Agenda Setting in the 1992 Campaign: Studying the Flow of Information." Russell Dalton, University of California, Irvine, Paul A. Beck, Ohio State University, Robert Huckfeldt, State University of New York, Stony Brook, and William Koetzle, University of California, Irvine "Prestige Newspaper Coverage of Foreign Affairs in the 1992 Presidential Campaign." Robert A. Wells, Thiel College, and Erika G. King, Chatham College Disc: Richard Johnston, Harvard University

Panel 9-3 DEARBORN 2 THE POLICY IMPACT OF WOMEN IN THE 103RD CONGRESS Chair: Susan J. Carroll, Rutgers University Papers: "The Impact of Congresswomen on Reproductive Rights Policies in the 103rd Congress." Debra L. Dodson, Rutgers University THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 64

"'To Vote Against Breast Cancer Research is to Vote Against Women': The Rise of Women's Health on the National Agenda." Ronnee Schreiber, Rutgers University "A Mixed Verdict: The Impact of Women in Congress on the Crime Bill." Susan J. Carroll, Rutgers University "Looking Where Women Aren't? Congresswomen and NAFTA." Debra Liebowitz, Rutgers University Disc: Janet Boles, Marquette University

Panel 10-2 DEARBORN 3 CORE VALUES, IDEOLOGY AND RACE (CO-SPONSORED WITH SECTION ON POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION) Chair: Paul W. Gronke, Duke University Papers: "Core Values and Ideology Among African-Americans." Michael Dawson, University of Chicago •Symbolic Racism and Value Conflict.• John Brehm, Duke University, and R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology •What's Core About Core Values?• Lynn Sanders, University of Chicago •The Impact of Political and Economic Threats on Racial Values.• Karen Stenner, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Paul Sniderman, Stanford University Laura Stoker, University of California, Berkeley

Panel 11-3 SANDBURG 4 CONSTITUTIONALISM AND DEMOCRACY Chair: J. Clifford Fox, Virginia Commonwealth University Papers: •Mercy Otis Warren's Critique of the U.S. Constitution.• Pauline Schloesser, Iowa State University •Were Seditious Libel, Anti-Party Attitudes and Proscriptions on Opposing the Government Really Anti-Democratic?• James P. Martin, University of Texas •Alexis de Tocqueville's Legal Mind on the American Judicial Experiment.• Jacqueline Edelberg, University of Chicago Disc: J. Clifford Fox, Virginia Commonwealth University

Panel 11-4 SANDBURG 3 ISSUES IN CONTINENTAL POLITICAL THEORY Chair: James Johnson, University of Rochester Papers: •Heidegger's Changing Views of the Polis.• Jan Patrick Oppermann, Harvard University "Carl Schmitt's Critique of Liberal Constitutionalism.• William Scheuerman, University of Pittsburgh •Subverting the Subaltern Voice.• Carl E. Briscoe Jr., Western Illinois University THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 65

•Nietzsche and Social-Cultural Contexts.• Kevin T. Connolly, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: James Johnson, University of Rochester

Panel 12-3 LASALLE 2 DYNAMIC MODELS Chair: John Williams, Indiana University Papers: "Equation Balance and Causal Inference." Suzanna De Boef, Penn State University, and James Granato, Michigan State University "Estimation of Parameters in Chaotic Systems." Michael McBurnett, University of Illinois "Regime Changes and Regulatory Policy: Measuring Political Influence on Bureaucracy." Tim Amato, University of Iowa Disc: John Williams, Indiana University

Panel 13-2 LASALLE 3 MODELS OF LEADERSHIP AND PARTY IN CONGRESS Chair: Brian R. Sala, University of Illinois Papers: "The Speaker's Scheduling Power and Committee Assignments in the Post- bellum House." Jonathan N. Katz, Harvard University, and Brian R. Sala, University of Illinois "Party Formation in Legislatures." Tim Feddersen, Northwestern University, and Daniel Diermeier, Stanford University "Legislative Party Leadership: Majoritarian and Utilitarian Incentives." Kathleen Bawn, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Jeffrey Milyo, Tufts University

Panel 14-2 LASALLE 5 WHY DO PEOPLE JOIN INTEREST GROUPS? Chair: Paul E. Johnson, University of Kansas Papers: "Grassroots in Cyberspace: Recruiting Members on the Internet." Mark S. Bonchek, Harvard University "Who's Moving Whom: Social Movement Theory and the Founding of NARAL." Ann Springer, Northwestern University, and Jon B. Gould, University of Chicago "How Environmental Groups Recruit Members: Does the Logic Still Hold Up?" Paul E. Johnson, University of Kansas "Politics, Purposes, and the Incentive Theory of Groups." Nathan Teske, Reed College Disc: Scott Ainsworth, University of Georgia

Panel 15-3 MONTROSE 1 THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 66

THE INSTITUTIONALIZED EXECUTIVE Chair: Thomas Hammond, Michigan State University Papers: "Providing Economic Advice to the President: An Institutional Perspective." James E. Anderson, Texas A&M University "The Institutional Dynamics of Policy Administration." George A. Krause, University of South Carolina "Executive Branch Review and Regulatory Outcomes." William J. Pielsticker, University of Michigan Disc: Thomas Hammond, Michigan State University Scott R. Furlong, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay

Panel 16-3 PDR 16 GEOGRAPHY AND POLITICAL REPRESENTATION Chair: Jack Johannes, Marquette University Papers: "Targeting Public Works Grants: Testing Committee Partisanship and Seniority." Cornell Hooton, Emory University "Political Geography and Congressional Voting." Nolan M. McCarty, University of Southern California, and Keith Poole, Carnegie Mellon University "States vs. Districts as Units of Analysis in Distributive Politics." Barry Rundquist, Jeong-hwa Lee and Ching-Jyugn Luor, University of Illinois "The Effect of State Population on Senate Elections." Bruce I. Oppenheimer and Frances Sandstrum, Vanderbilt University " 'You Have Health Care; I'll Take the Environment'; The Strategic Division of Labor Among State Delegations in the U.S. Senate." Wendy Schiller, Brown University Disc: John McAdams, Marquette University

Panel 16-5 PDR 17 COMMITTEE JURISDICTION AND COMMITTEE POWER Chair: Catherine Shapiro, Dartmouth College Papers: "Legislators and Legislating in Pre and Postreform Congress." Sunil Ahuja, University of Nebraska "Committee Reform in the New Republican Congress." C. Lawrence Evans, College of William and Mary, and Walter Oleszek, Congressional Research Service "Committee Transfers in the House, 1789-1993." Charles Stewart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Disc: Edward Scott Adler, Columbia University

Panel 17-2 MONTROSE 7 MODELS OF INTEREST GROUP INFLUENCE ON THE SUPREME COURT Chair: Karen O'Connor, Emory University Papers: "Onward Christian Lawyers: The Religious Right in Court." Gregg Ivers, THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 67

American University "Congress and the Supreme Court: Reevaluating the Interest-Group Perspective." Christopher J. Zorn, Ohio State University "Interest Groups, the Right to Die, and the U.S. Supreme Court." Suzanne U. Samuels, Seton Hall University "Group Representation and the Supreme Court: Back to the Future." David K. Ryden, Hope College Disc: Mark C. Miller, Clark University

Panel 18-2 MONTROSE 2 NEW INFLUENCES ON STATE GOVERNMENT POLICY Chair: Anne Freedman, Roosevelt University Papers: "Life After Seed Money: The State Legislative Science Mechanisms." Richard L. McAnaw, Western Michigan University "Legislative Perceptions of Conservative Think Tank Influence in Southern Legislatures." Charles M. Lane and Glen A. Halva-Neubauer, Furman University "Policy Innovation Diffusion: Exploring the State-Local Nexus." Michael Mintrom, Michigan State University "Contract Lobbyists in the American States." Virginia Gray, University of Minnesota, and David Lowery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Disc: Lee Bernick, University of North Carolina, Greensboro

Panel 19-6 MONTROSE 3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Chair: Rowan Miranda, University of Pittsburgh Papers: "The Path Dependent City Political Economy." Anthony Woodlief, University of Michigan "Stumbling Dice? Gaming as an Urban Development Strategy." Rowan Miranda, University of Pittsburgh, and Donald Rosdil, University of Chicago "Economic Impact of Large Automobile Plant Sitings: Beyond Wages to a Notion of General Welfare." Michele Hoyman, University of Missouri, St. Louis Disc: Paul Lewis, Florida International University

Panel 20-1 SANDBURG 2 PUBLIC OPINION AND PUBLIC POLICY Chair: Paul Kellstedt, University of Minnesota Papers: •The National Mood and Public Policy.• Samuel Best, University of Notre Dame •Institutions, Public Opinion, and Public Policy in the American States.• John THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 3:30-5:15 pm 68

Camobreco, State University of New York, Binghamton •The Responsiveness of U.S. Senators to Aggregate Policy Preferences.• Angela Hinton-Andersson, University of North Texas Disc: John McIver, National Science Foundation and University of Colorado Benjamin I. Page, Northwestern University

Panel 20-6 SANDBURG 6 JUDICIAL INFLUENCE OVER POLICY OUTCOMES Chair: Roy B. Flemming, Texas A&M University Papers: •Taming the Shrewd Through Judgment: Judicial Control over U.S. Trade Policy Implementation.• Isaac Unah, State University of New York, Stony Brook •Outboard Marine Corp. v. Liberty Mutual Insurance (1992): The Impact of CERCLA on the Illinois Supreme Court.• James Otterstein, Illinois State University •The Roots of American Litigiousness: A Case Study of the Vaccine Injury Compensation Fund.• Tom Burke, University of California, Berkeley Disc: Roy B. Flemming, Texas A&M University James F. Spriggs, II, University of California, Davis

Panel 21-3 SANDBURG 8 CURRENT ISSUES IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION Chair: Joseph F. Ohren, Eastern Michigan University Papers: "The Management Audit: An Administrative Tool for Local Government." Peter J. Bergerson, Southeast Missouri State University "Community Policing: An Intergovernmental Perspective." Stephen S. Wollery, Illinois State University "How Representative Governments Use Private Incentives to Control Bureaucratic Performance: The Case of City Police Departments." Ronald G. Ketter, Binghamton University "Can a Grassroots Planning Process Induce Innovation? Assessing Strategic Planning." Joseph A. Aistrup and Art Morin, Fort Hays State University Disc: Joseph F. Ohren, Eastern Michigan University

Panel 22-4 SANDBURG 5 EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION: MOCK TRIALS Chair: Ruth Wagoner, Bellamine College Papers: "Experiential Education Excellence: Mock Trials." Don Racheter, Central College "The Added Dimension to Mock Trail Experiential Education: Intercollegiate Competition Under the Auspices of the American Mock Trial Association." Jim Walker, Wright State University Disc: Charles J. Fleener, St. Louis University

THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 5:30 - 7:00 pm

PLENARY SESSION ADAMS BALLROOM (6TH FLOOR)

Québec's Political Future

Honorable Bernard Landry

Deputy Prime Minister Minister of International Affairs, Immigration, and Cultural Communities Minister Responsible for Relations with French-speaking Communities Government of Québec

Introduction by John Sprague, President, MPSA

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am

Panel 1-4 BURNHAM 1 PARTY SYSTEM STABILITY AND CHANGE Chair: Paul R. Abramson, Michigan State University Papers: "Increasing Partisan Strength Over Time: A Misguided Consensus with Implications for Aggregate Models." Margaret C. Trevor, University of Iowa "Party Responses to Changing Issue Dimensions in Post-War Western Democracies." Sean Blinn, Binghamton University Disc: Christopher J. Anderson, Rice University

Panel 2-4 BURNHAM 2 COALITIONAL POLITICS AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION Chair: Jeff Cason, Middlebury College Papers: "The Process of Privatization in Developing Nations: Coalitional Shifts, Political Changes, and Economic Conditions in Egypt and Mexico." Nicole E. Collins and Justin Gillespie, Washington University "The Influence of Party Systems and Dominant Party Orientations in East Central European Privatization Policy." Shelly A. Pierce, Penn State University "Determinants of Trade Orientation in Less Developed Countries." Tomoaki Nomi, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Disc: John Drobak, Washington University Jeff Cason, Middlebury College

Panel 3-5 BURNHAM 4 ELECTIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 70

Chair: Thomas F. Remington, Emory University Papers: "The Impact of the Electoral System on Postcommunist Party Development: The Case of the 1993 Russian Parliamentary Elections." Robert G. Moser, University of Wisconsin, Madison "The Meaning of Elections in Transitional Democracies: Evidence from Russia and Ukraine." Jon Pammett and Joan DeBardeleben, Carleton University "Candidates and Strategies: Political Determinants of Electoral Outcomes in Russian Parliamentary Elections." Regina Smyth, Duke University Disc: Robert Albritton, Northern Illinois University Thomas F. Remington, Emory University

Panel 4-6 BURNHAM 5 AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY IN TRANSITION Chair: David Barrett, Villanova University Papers: •The Atlantic Partnership in Flux: U.S. Foreign Policy toward Germany after the Cold War.• Timothy W. Nordstrom, University of Kentucky •The Evolving Role of the Military as an Instrument of American Foreign Policy.• Victoria Williams, University of Kentucky

•The Implementation of American Foreign Policy: Does It Really Work?• Bob Prescott, West Virginia University •The Changing Nature of U.S. Foreign Policy and Democratization in Latin America and the Caribbean.• Cindy M. Christian, Univ. of Minnesota-Duluth Disc: David Barrett, Villanova University

Panel 4-5 CLARK 5 COLLECTIVE MILITARY RESPONSES IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER Chair: Margaret Karns, University of Dayton Papers: •Domestic Structures and Collective Security.• K. Edward Spiezio, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University •Understanding Bosnia: A Game-Theoretic Representation of •Western’ Strategy.• Thomas S. Mowle and Bryan Schmiedeler, Ohio State University •The War Against Saddam: Preserving the New World Order.• Louay Abdulla, Kent State University •The Gulf Cooperation Council: Its Viability as a Regional Security Organization.• Rolin G. Mainuddin, North Carolina Central University Disc: Margaret Karns, University of Dayton

Panel 5-2 CLARK 7 THE POLITICS OF INTERNATIONAL MONETARY RELATIONS Chair: Roland Stephen, Duke University Papers: "Dealing with Overvaluation: Domestic Political Involvement in Exchange Rate Issues." Layna Mosley, Duke University "Did History Repeat Itself? A Comparison of International Monetary Instability in FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 71

the 1970s-80s and the Interwar Years." Michaela Dabringhausen, University of Chicago "The Politics of Pegging: Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries." Brian Portnoy, University of Chicago Disc: Andrew C. Sobel, Washington University

Panel 6-6 SANDBURG 7 EXPERIMENTS ON POLITICAL PERSUASION AND ATTITUDE CHANGE Chair: Arthur Lupia, University of California, San Diego Papers: •Social Desirability in Survey Measures of Racial Attitudes.• Marty Gilens, Yale University, and Paul Sniderman, Stanford University •Who Can Persuade? Elite Endorsements and Attitude Change.• Arthur Lupia, University of California, San Diego •Hard and Easy Arguments and Political Attitude Change.• James Kuklinski, Michael Cobb and Cindy Heineman, University of Illinois •The Political Psychology of Distributive Justice: Balancing Type I and Type II Errors.• Phil Tetlock, Barbara Mellers, Phil Sniderman, and Dan Newman, University of California, Berkeley "Encoded References to Racial Issues." Michael G. Hagen, Harvard University Disc: John Aldrich, Duke University William Jacoby, University of South Carolina

Panel 7-11 CLARK 10 VOTING IN STATE AND LOCAL ELECTIONS Chair: Jeffrey W. Koch, State University of New York, Geneseo Papers: •Measuring Indirect Effects in Gubernatorial Elections: 1977-1992." Craig J. Svoboda, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee •Beyond the Looking Glass: Perceptions vs. Reality in Economic Voting -- A Study of the 1990 Gubernatorial Elections.• Michael A. Heel, University of Rochester •Electoral Competitiveness at the Sub-Gubernatorial Level.• Fred M. Monardi, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee •Registration, Turnout, and Rolloff: A Hierarchical Model of Participation in Subpresidential Elections.• Robert D. Brown and Charles E. Smith, Jr., University of Mississippi Disc: Jeffrey W. Koch, State University of New York, Geneseo

Panel 7-12 DEARBORN 1 THE IMPACT OF THE CAMPAIGN Chair: Thomas M. Holbrook, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: •Voter Preference Conversions in American Presidential Elections: A Comparison of Two-Candidate and Three-Candidate Races.• Christopher P. Gilbert, Gustavus Adolphus College, Timothy R. Johnson, Washington University, and David A. Peterson, Gustavus Adolphus College FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 72

•Changing Campaign Agendas: It's as Easy as One, Two, Three.• Diane Lowenthal, Carnegie Mellon University •Campaigns and the Incumbency Advantage in the Modern House." Eric Lawrence and Steven S. Smith, University of Minnesota •The Marginal Returns to Spending: A Microeconomic Analysis.• Alan Gerber, Yale University, and Steven Ansolabehere, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Disc: Laura Stoker, University of California, Berkeley

Panel 8-3 PDR 18 PRESIDENTS AND THE PRESS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON THE PRESIDENCY AND EXECUTIVE POLITICS) Chair: Michael W. Traugott, University of Michigan Papers: "Economic Conditions and Television News Coverage of the Presidency." Richard Craine, Indiana University "Persuading the Persuaders: Presidential Speeches and Electoral Opinion" Todd M. Schaefer, Juniata College "The Old Norm Against Going Public: Constitutional Fact or Partisan Fancy." Mel Laracey, University of Michigan "When Silence Is Golden: Presidential Speechmaking and Consumer Confidence." Robert L. Dudley and Alan Rosenblatt, George Mason University Disc: Timothy E. Cook, Williams College Thomas E. Patterson, Syracuse University

Panel 9-4 DEARBORN 2 WOMEN IN A VARIETY OF PARTISAN ROLES Chair: Jacqueline DeLaat, Marietta College Papers: "Republican Women in Oregon: Diversity Among Conservatives." Debrah Bokowski, Portland State University "Gender Differences Among Southern Party Elites: Presidential Candidate Choice and Evaluations." Christine L. Day and Charles D. Hadley, University of New Orleans "Wives in the White House: Alternative Routes to Political Power." Karen O'Connor, Emory University, and Laura van Assendelft, Mary Baldwin College Disc: Lynne E. Ford, College of Charleston

Panel 10-4 DEARBORN 3 ETHNIC IDENTITY: CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: Steven Majstorovic, Duquesne University Papers: "The Psychology of National Identity and the Origins of Saharawi and Basque Nationalism." Thomas Davis, Kent State University "Settling Ethnic Disputes in Newly Democratic Countries: Lessons from Pakistan." Humaira Afzal, University of Michigan FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 73

"The Importance of Context in Explaining Ethnic Consciousness: The Case of Gypsies and Middle Eastern Jews." Derek Agard and Michael Levy, University of Kentucky Disc: Steven Majstorovic, Duquesne University Cynthia Kaplan, University of California, Santa Barbara

Panel 11-11 SANDBURG 3 RAWLS ON LIBERALISM AND EQUALITY Chair: Jim Simeone, Illinois Wesleyan University Papers: •Undermining Support for Liberal Values: John Rawls and Comprehensive Doctrines.• Amy L. Cavender, University of Notre Dame •So This is Liberalism! Rawls' Conception of the Political in Political Liberalism.• J. Landrum Kelly, Jr., Georgia Southern University •Equality and ImPartiality: 'Moral Equality' in the Work of John Rawls, Thomas Nagel and Iris Marion Young.• Kathy Purnell, Cornell University •Is Egalitarian Liberalism Compatible with Limited Government: The Case of Rawls.• Michael P. Zuckert, Carleton College Disc: Jim Simeone, Illinois Wesleyan University

Panel 11-6 SANDBURG 4 THE MORAL SENTIMENTS AND THE POLITICS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT Chair: John Danford, Loyola University of Chicago Papers: •Thomas Jefferson on the Moral Sense: A Darwinian Assessment.• Larry Arnhart, Northern Illinois University •On Becoming Moral: Emile and Sophis's Sentimental Education.• Deborah Winkle, University of Chicago

•The Moral Sense, Natural Law and Natural Rights: James Wilson (1742-1798) and the Foundations of American Republicanism.• Eduardo Velasquez, Washington and Lee University •John Stuart Mill and the Role of Culture in the Creation of Autonomous Individuals.• Erik Shane McKee, University of Michigan Disc: Rick Sorenson, Assumption College

Panel 12-4 LASALLE 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE VOTING Chair: Jonathan N. Katz, Harvard University Papers: "Specifications of Models of Individual Choice: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations." Jonathan Nagler, University of California, Riverside "Voting and Other Electoral Choices." Mitch Sanders, University of Rochester "Voting in a Multi-Dimensional, Multi-Party Environment: Political Behavior in the Netherlands, 1967-1989." Harvey D. Palmer, George Mason University, and Guy D. Whitten, Texas A&M University Disc: Jonathan N. Katz, Harvard University FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 74

Panel 13-3 LASALLE 3 MODELS OF ELECTORAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES Chair: Rick K. Wilson, Rice University Papers: "New Issues and the Dynamics of Political Competition." Melvin J. Hinich, University of Texas, and Michael C. Munger, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill "Electoral Incentives, Political Intransparency and the Policy Bias Toward Special Interests." Susanne Lohmann, University of California, Los Angeles "Voting Behavior and Information Aggregation in Elections." Tim Feddersen and Wolfgang Pesendorfer, Northwestern University Disc: Ken Kollman, University of Michigan

Panel 14-3 LASALLE 5 POLITICS AND THE CHRISTIAN RIGHT WING Chair: Anna Greenberg, University of Chicago Papers: "Futility of Discontent?: The Impact of Religious Activism on Congressional Behavior." Greg Flemming and Steven Yonish, University of Wisconsin "The Christian Right and the Republican Party: A View from the States." John C. Green, University of Akron, and James L. Guth, Furman University "Pre-Existing Social Networks and the Christian Right: A Case Study Approach to Mobilization." Jeff Hayes, University of Chicago "The Partisan Alignment of Evangelicals: Different Answers from Different Eras." Dan Hofrenning, St. Olaf College Disc: Allan Cigler, University of Kansas

Panel 15-5 MONTROSE 1 THE CLINTON WHITE HOUSE -- POLICYMAKING AND POLITICS Chair: John H. Kessel, Ohio State University Papers: "Clinton and the Economy: Too Much Success Too Soon?" M. Stephen Weatherford and Lorraine M. McDonnell, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara "President Clinton and the Press: Mobilizing for Change." Martha Joynt Kumar, Towson State University "Leadership in the Post-Cold War World: Clinton Meets Foreign Policy." Bert A. Rockman, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Richard A. Brody, Stanford University Erwin C. Hargrove, Vanderbilt University

Panel 16-1 PDR 16 ROUNDTABLE ON THE 1994 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 75

Chair: L. Sandy Maisel, Colby College Part: James E. Campbell, Louisiana State University Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego David Price, Duke University Carol Swain, Princeton University

Panel 16-6 PDR 17 PARTISANSHIP IN CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES Chair: Denise L. Baer, American University Papers: "Presidential Agenda Setting in Congress?" Roger T. Larocca, University of Chicago "Consensus, Conflict, and the Domain of Partisanship in House Committees." David W. Rohde, Michigan State University "Power in House Committees: The Conflict between Party and Ideology." Matthew M. Schousen, Franklin & Marshall College "Partisanship and Health Agendas in Congressional Committees." Jeffery C. Talbert, Texas A&M University Disc: Valerie Heitshusen, University of Missouri, Columbia Diana Dwyre, University of Maryland at Baltimore

Panel 17-3 MONTROSE 7 TO ACCEPT OR DENY?: CERTIORARI DECISION-MAKING IN THE SUPREME COURT Chair: Gregory A. Caldeira, Ohio State University Papers: "An Information Model of the Supreme Court’s Certiorari Decisions." Charles M. Cameron, Columbia University, Jeffrey A. Segal, State University of New York, Stony Brook and Donald Songer, University of South Carolina "The Defensive Denial: Institutional Rules and Strategic Voting on the Supreme Court." Barbara Palmer, University of Minnesota "The Supreme Court Didn’t Decide Today: Television News Reporting of Certiorari Denials." Bradley C. Canon, University of Kentucky "Certiorari Voting on the Warren Court." Jeffrey A. Segal and Robert L. Boucher, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Richard Pacelle, University of Missouri, St. Louis

Panel 18-6 MONTROSE 2 PUBLIC OPINION AND POLICY IN THE AMERICAN STATES Chair: Gregory Hager, University of Kentucky Papers: "Strategic or Sincere Citizens? Voting on California's Term Limit Initiatives." Andrew Skalaban, University of California, Davis "Ideology, Institutions, and Policy Influence in the American States, 1960-1992." Evan J. Ringquist, William D. Berry, Florida State University, Russell Hanson, Indiana University, and Richard C. Fording, Florida State University "School Finance, School Reform, and Public Opinion: The Grass is Always Browner on the Other Side of the Fence."Michael Peddle and Ellen Dran, FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 76

Northern Illinois University Disc: Virginia Gray, University of Minnesota

Panel 19-1 MONTROSE 3 NEIGHBORHOODS IN URBAN POLICY Chair: Roger B. Parks, Indiana University Papers: "Neighborhood Organization and Fear of Crime: Testing Social Disorganization Theory in a Different Setting." Roger B. Parks, Indiana University "Clergy at Work in Urban Neighborhoods." Sue S. Crawford, Indiana University "Representations in Community Development Organizations." Marilyn Gittell, City University of New York "Neighborhood Organizations in the Metropolitan Setting: What Good Are They Anyway." David Swindell, Wright State University Disc: Phyllis Green, Wright State University Mark Rosentraub, Indiana University-Purdue University

Panel 20-7 SANDBURG 2 JURISDICTIONAL COMPETITION AND POLICY OUTCOMES Chair: Richard Feiock, Florida State University Papers: •Competition and the Adoption of Economic Development Policies in Southern California Cities.• Cheryl Harmer, University of California, Riverside •Problem Definition in State Economic Development Policy: Continuity and Change.• Keith Boeckelman, Louisiana State University •Follow the Leader: An Oligopolistic Competition Theory of Policy Competition in the American States.• Allen Brierly, University of Northern Iowa •The Rise of Export Promotion Strategies in the States.• Renee Johnson, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Richard Feiock, Florida State University

Panel 20-8 SANDBURG 6 INFORMATION, PARTICIPATION AND POLICY OUTCOMES Chair: Philip Paolino, Georgetown University Papers: •Will I Be Audited? Accuracy and Error in Subjective Risk Assessment.• Neil Pinney, Western Michigan University •Parent Participation and the Centralization of American Education.• J. Clifford Fox, Virginia Commonwealth University •Does Public Participation Really Matter? Some Evidence from a National Forest.• Steven Davis, Edgewood College Disc: Philip Paolino, Georgetown University Patra Bonham Rule, University of Tennessee

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 8:30-10:15 am 77

Panel 21-4 SANDBURG 8 TECHNOLOGY AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF ORGANIZATIONS Chair: Benjamin Hourani, Eastern Michigan University Papers: "The Effects of Computer Technology on Bureaucratic Organizations: Expert Prognostications." Benjamin Hourani, Eastern Michigan University "The Organizational Politics of a Functioning Anarchy: Governance of the Internet." Michael Lipson, University of Wisconsin, Madison "Reinventing (Open) Government" Bureaucratic Reform and Digital Documents." Jeremy Lewis, University of Northern Iowa Disc: Benjamin Hourani, Eastern Michigan University Ronald G. Ketter, Binghamton University

Panel 22-8 CRESTHILL ROUNDTABLE: 1994 ELECTIONS: WHAT HAPPENED TO THE 'YEAR OF THE WOMAN'? Part: Barbara Burrell, University of Wisconsin, Madison Georgia Duerst-Lahti, Beloit College Debra L. Dodson, Rutgers University Jeanie Stanley, Austin, TX

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm

Panel 1-5 BURNHAM 5 THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS ON PUBLIC POLICY Chair: Paul Pierson, Harvard University Papers: "Paths to Prosperity? Political Institutions and Economic Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies." Karl Kaltenthaler, Washington University "How Much and in What Ways Do Institutions Matter? A Comparative Analysis of Policy Change." Fiona Ross, University of Pittsburgh "Bicameralism and Budget Deficits: Parliamentary Structure and Government Spending in Western Europe." William B. Heller, University of California, San Diego Disc: Paul Pierson, Harvard University

Panel 1-15 BURNHAM 1 RETHINKING LIPSET AND ROKKAN Chair: Barbara Geddes, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: "The Political Manipulation of Social Divisions in Post-War France and Italy." Carolyn M. Warner, Arizona State University "Cleavages, Mobilization, and Identity." Stathis N. Kalyvas, New York University "Social Cleavages, Electoral Laws, and the Fragmentation of Latin American Party Systems." Michael Coppedge, Princeton University Disc: Barbara Geddes, University of California, Los Angeles

Panel 2-2 BURNHAM 2 STUDYING POLITICAL BEHAVIOR IN CENTRAL AMERICA: AN ANALYSIS OF OVERLOOKED ACTORS Chair: Rose Spalding, DePaul University Papers: "Religion and Politics in Costa Rica: The Religious Determinants of Political Activities and Beliefs." Timothy Steigenga, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill "Political Protest and the Informal Sector: Exploring Linkages, Debunking Myths." Edwin Eloy Aguilar, Texas A&M University "Religion and Political Tolerance in Central America." Andrew J. Stein, University of Pittsburgh Disc: John A. Booth, University of North Texas

Panel 3-8 BURNHAM 4 POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Chair: Jan Sallinger-McBride, University of Tennessee Papers: "You Can't Get There From Here: Reflections on Democratic State-Building in Postcommunist Poland." Michael Bernhard, Penn State University "Cultural Versus Institutional Explanations of Democratic Performance in Western European Nations." Raymond M. Duch and Michaell Taylor, FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 79

University of Houston

"Constitutional Design, Institutional Outlook and the Place of Unions and Business Associations in the Spanish Political System." Joaquin Fernandez- Castro, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "Democracy and Fiscal Performance in Latin America: A Political Model of Seignorage." Gary M. Reich, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Disc: Jan Sallinger-McBride, University of Tennessee

Panel 4-7 CLARK 5 COMPARATIVE FOREIGN POLICY Chair: Christoph Hanterman, University of California, Santa Barbara Papers: •The Foreign Policies of New States in the 1990’s.• Paula S. Tuchman, University of Minnesota •South Korea’s Evolving Foreign Policy: A Case Study of South Korea-China Relations Pre and Post Tiananmen.• Dlynn F. Armstrong, Miami University •Understanding Post-Cold War German Foreign Policy: Some Lessons from the Gulf War and Serbo-Croatian Crisis.• Scott Erb, St. Olaf College •Indo-Pakistani Relations: Reciprocity in Long-Term Perspective.• Sheen Rajmaira, East Carolina University Disc: Christoph Hanterman, University of California, Santa Barbara

Panel 5-4 CLARK 7 POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS Chair: A. F. K. Organski, University of Michigan Papers: "Political Capacity and Market Performance." Regina Baker, University of Michigan "Derivative Financial Instruments in the International Economy: Issues of Risk and Regulation." John H. Crotts, II, University of Missouri, Columbia "Are Capital Controls Obsolete? The Politics of Capital Controls in the Developed and Developing World." David A. Leblang, College of William and Mary "The Capital Pool: Sink or Swim? Political Institutions and International Capital Markets." Andrew C. Sobel, Washington University Disc: Fiona McGillivray, Washington University Duane H. Swank, Marquette University

Panel 6-7 SANDBURG 4 THE ROLE OF EMOTION IN PUBLIC OPINION Chair: James Kuklinski, University of Illinois Papers: •Flag-Waving and National Pride: The Impact of Patriotic Fervor on Efficacy.• Rosalee Clawson and Thomas Nelson, Ohio State University "The Impact of Emotions in Presidential Elections: A Reconsideration." Paul Goren, University of Pittsburgh FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 80

•The Role of Affect in Political Information Processing.• Victor C. Otatti, Memphis State University, and Linda Isbell, University of Illinois •The N Dimensions of Positive and Negative Emotions in Political Discourse.• Carolyn Lewis, Western Michigan University Disc: James Kuklinski, University of Illinois

Panel 6-15 SANDBURG 7 PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS OF POLITICAL ACTION Chair: Mark Hansen, University of Chicago Papers: •The Role of Values in Environmental Group Participation.• Richard P. Barberio, State University of New York, Albany •Attitude Strength and Turnout.• Christian Goergen, College of DuPage, and Frauke Schnell, West Chester University •Political Activism of Korean College Students.• Aie-Rie Lee, Texas Tech University •Political Involvement and Political Participation.• Robert Luskin and J. C. Ten Berge, University of Texas Disc: Mark Hansen, University of Chicago

Panel 7-7 CLARK 10 IDEOLOGY AND PARTICIPATION Chair: Michael D. Martinez, University of Florida Papers: •The Role of Ideology in Non-Participation.• Joan K. Buschman, Purdue University •Ideological Bases for Non-Participation.• Jeffrey L. Bernstein, University of Michigan •The Politics of Passion: Abortion and Participation in the United States.• Sidney Verba, Harvard University, Henry Brady, University of California, Berkeley, and Kay Schlozman, Boston College Disc: John J. Coleman, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 7-9 DEARBORN 1 BALLOTS AND SPLIT-TICKET VOTING Chair: Tali Mendelberg, Princeton University Papers: •Institutional Association of Political Issues, Party Ownership of Political Issues and Divided Government.• William D.Morgan, Indiana University •Divided Government and the Dynamics of Voting and Campaigns.• John Petrocik and Joseph Doherty, University of California, Los Angeles •The Effects of Candidate Ballot Order on Election Outcomes.• Joanne M. Miller and Jon A. Krosnick, Ohio State University Disc: Tali Mendelberg, Princeton University

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 81

Panel 8-6 PDR 18 NEWS MAKERS AND THE PRODUCTION OF POLITICAL NEWS Chair: Richard Sobel, Princeton University Papers: "Playing His Own Game: The 1992 Perot Campaign, Reporter Expectations, and Television Coverage." Matthew R. Kerbel, Villanova University "The Uncertainty of Political Reporting and the Institutions of News Production." Bartholomew H. Sparrow, University of Texas "Connecting State and Nation: Editorial Commentary in Local Papers." Jan P. Vermeer, Nebraska Wesleyan University "Newspaper Market Structure and Political News Content." James B. White, Northwestern University Disc: Richard Sobel, Princeton University

Panel 9-5 DEARBORN 2 HISTORY, EPISTEMOLOGY, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE Chair: Laura R. Winsky Mattei, State University of New York, Buffalo Papers: "Inclusion and Exclusion: How Feminism Relates to Political Science." Amy Caiazza, Indiana University "Developments in Rape Law Reform in the U.S., 1970 - 1992." Stacy Futter, University of Rochester, and Walter R. Mebane, Jr., Cornell University "Women of the Haudenosaune and Their Struggles Against Ethnocide: The Critical Nature of Their Political Responsibilities." David E. Birch and Marcheta L. Birch, Canisius College "The Fractured Geometry of Separate Spheres: Public and Private in Gendered Contexts, 1873 - 1923." Julie Novkov, University of Michigan Disc: Suzanne M. Marilley, University of Notre Dame

Panel 10-5 DEARBORN 3 DETERMINANTS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN ATTITUDES AND PARTICIPATION Chair: Katherine Tate, Ohio State University Papers: "The Effects of Economic Circumstances and Attitudes on Black's Political Opinions and Participation." Darryl McMiller, Ohio State University "Political Symbolism and Black Perceptions of Government Responsiveness." Hugh Harris and Larry Golden, Sangamon State University "Electoral Behavior in Rural Minority Communities." John Frendreis and Steven Doherty, Loyola University of Chicago Disc: Tim Bledsoe, Wayne State University Zoli Hajnal, University of Chicago

Panel 11-7 SANDBURG 3 PHILOSOPHICAL JUSTIFICATION AND POLITICAL PRACTICE IN MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT Chair: Peter McNamara, Utah State University Papers: •Prejudice and Principle: Burke, Kant and Habermas on Theory and Practice in FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 82

Modern Politics.• Louis Hunt, Michigan State University •Tocqueville's Antifoundationalist Theory of Democracy.• Folke Lindahl, Michigan State University •Adam Smith's 'System' of Social Science.• Peter McNamara, Utah State University •The Philosopher King of Fashion: The Role of Rhetorical Style in John Locke's Political Economy.• Stewart W. Gardner, University of Texas, Pan American Disc: Michael Shapiro, University of Hawaii

Panel 12-7 LASALLE 2 MR. FENNO MEETS REV. BAYES: INFERENCE IN LEGISLATIVE SETTINGS Chair: Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: "The Determinants of Success of Special Interests in Redistributive Politics." Avinash Dixit and John Londregan, Princeton University "The Voting Rights Act, Majority-Minority Districts, and the Representation of Minority Interests in Congress." David Epstein, Columbia University "Bayesian Specification Tests and Fenno's Core Constituency: A New Twist on the Ideology Debate." Paul Gerew, Eric Helland and Andrew Whitford, Washington University "The Politics of Impoundment: A Switching Tobit Analysis of Impoundment Control Mechanisms in the Reagan Era." Gregory J. Wawro, Cornell University Disc: Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 13-4 LASALLE 3 FORMAL MODELS AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Chair: Kenneth C. Williams, Michigan State University Papers: "A Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Cumulative Voting." Elisabeth Gerber, University of California, San Diego, Rebecca B. Morton and Thomas Rietz, University of Iowa "Sequential Voting and Information." Rebecca B. Morton, University of Iowa, and Kenneth C. Williams, Michigan State University "'Say It Ain't So, Uncle Joe,' Leadership, Cooperation and Collective Dilemmas." Rick K. Wilson, Rice University "Gender Inequality and Asymmetric Institutional Power: Theory and Experiments." Roberta Q. Herzberg, Utah State University, Peri Schwartz- Shea, University of Utah, and Randy T. Simmons, Utah State University Disc: Mark Fey, California Institute of Technology

Panel 14-4 LASALLE 5 POLITICAL PARTIES, GROUPS, AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS Chair: The Honorable Mickey Edwards, Harvard University Papers: "The Consistency and Effectiveness of Mandatory District Compactness Rules." Micah Altman, California Institute of Technology "A Structural Determinant of Partisan Bias in Congressional Elections." Thomas FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 83

Gilligan and John Matsusaka, University of Southern California "Of Time and Political Action Committees: Stability and Change in the PAC Universe, 1978-1992." Ted J. Eismeier, Hamilton College, and Philip H. Pollock III, University of Central Florida "What are Party Endorsements Worth? A Study of Pre-Primary Gubernatorial Endorsements in Ten State Parties in 1994." Malcolm E. Jewell, University of Kentucky, and Sarah M. Morehouse, University of Connecticut Disc: Steven Ansolabehere, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Panel 15-2 MONTROSE 1 THE PRESIDENT, CONGRESS, AND WAR: HAS THE WAR POWERS RESOLUTION WORKED? A ROUNDTABLE Chair: Morris S. Ogul, University of Pittsburgh Participants: Eileen Burgin, University of Vermont Martha L. Gibson, University of Connecticut Frederick M. Kaiser, Congressional Research Service James Nathan, Auburn University Norman C. Thomas, University of Cincinnati

Panel 16-8 PDR 17 LEGISLATION, DELIBERATION AND PUBLIC POLICY Chair: Calvin C. Jillson, University of Colorado at Boulder Papers: "The Re-Election Motive and Congressional Oversight of U.S. Force Interventions." Scott Althaus and Jill A. Edy, Northwestern University "A Typology of Political Deliberation." Michael E. Bailey, University of Texas "The Regime's Conversation: Floor Speeches, and the Foreign Deployment of American Troops." William Granstaff, University of Oklahoma "How Female Legislators Establish Legislative Agendas: A Comparative Perspective." Sharon Sykora, Slippery Rock University Disc: Catherine Shapiro, Dartmouth College

Panel 17-6 MONTROSE 7 INTERPRETIVE THEORIES, THE CONSTITUTION AND THE SUPREME COURT Chair: Judith L. Failer, Indiana University Papers: "The Constitutive Character of the Constitution." Dennis J. Goldford, Drake University "Reality and Constitutional Interpretation: The Unlikely Alliance of Realist Jurisprudence and Deconstruction." Ed Wingenbach, Univ. of Notre Dame "Traditional Legal Practice Versus Constitutional Theory in Supreme Court Decision Making." Robert L. Clinton, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale Disc: Paul Ellenbogan, Colby College

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 84

Panel 17-7 LASALLE 1 INTEGRATIVE MODELS OF SUPREME COURT DECISION-MAKING Chair: Liane C. Kosaki, Beloit College Papers: "A Situational Model Of Judicial Decisionmaking." Michael Esler, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, and John Stookey, Arizona State University and Meyer, Hendricks, Victor, Osborn & Maledon "The Emergence and Evolution of Free Exercise Policy in the Supreme Court." Richard Pacelle and Barry Pyle, University of Missouri, St. Louis "The Impact of Amicus Curiae on Supreme Court Opinions." James F. Spriggs, II, University of California, Davis, and Paul J. Wahlbeck, George Washington University "The Impact of Legal Arguments on Supreme Court Decisions: An Analysis of Obscenity Cases." Timothy R. Johnson, Washington University Disc: Kevin T. McGuire, University of Minnesota

Panel 18-3 MONTROSE 2 THE CHANGING NATURE OF STATE ELECTIONS Chair: Thad Beyle, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Papers "Still the Land of 10,000 Endorsements? Party Endorsements in Minnesota in the Wake of the 1994 Elections." James Melcher, University of Minnesota "The Effect of Candidate Experience on Electoral Outcomes in State Legislative Races." Emily VanDunk, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee "Paper Ballots, Computers, and Everything In Between: The Impact of Different Voting Devices on Ballot Roll-off." Jay Barth, Hendrix College "Measuring Indirect Effects in Gubernatorial Elections: 1977-1992." Craig J. Svoboda, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: H.E. Scruggs, Brigham Young University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Panel 19-7 MONTROSE 3 CHANGING PATTERNS OF URBAN LEADERSHIP Chair: E. Terrence Jones, University of Missouri, St. Louis Papers: "Contextual Determinants of Women in Local Elective Office." Janine Alisa Parry, Washington State University "From Crown Heights to the Castro: Campaign Effects in Mayoral Elections." Lincoln Mitchell, Columbia University "Changing Leadership Patterns in Chicago." Terry N. Clark and William Grimshaw, University of Chicago "The Changing American City: A Study in Urban Leadership." Ann Bennett and Samuel J. Eldersveld, University of Michigan Disc: E. Terrence Jones, University of Missouri, St. Louis Kathy Doherty, University of Maryland

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 85

Panel 20-9 SANDBURG 2 HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY Chair: Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron Papers: •HUD Enforcement of Fair Housing Legislation.• Jim Twombly and Charles M. Lamb, State University of New York, Buffalo •Controlling Social Disorder: Public Housing Policy and the Housing Act of 1937.• Timothy Harrison, Northwestern University •A Normative Approach to Policy Evaluation: The Case of Korean Housing Policy.• Sung Chul Kim, State University of New York, Binghamton •CDBG Revisited: Priorities, Social Targeting and Programs in 6 Michigan Cities.• Raymond Rosenfeld, Vicki Georgeau, and Scott Wamsley, Eastern Michigan University Disc: Kee Ok Park, University of Virginia

Panel 21-5 SANDBURG 8 MANAGING TRADEOFFS BETWEEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AT THE STATE AND LOCAL LEVEL Chair: Allen Brierly, University of Northern Iowa Papers: "Public Opinion and the Tradeoff Between Environmental Protection and Economic Development." Richard Feiock and Chris Stream, Florida State University "Federal Environmental Regulations, the Impact on Local Government." Victoria A. Spangler, Illinois State University "The Political Economy of Recycling in Florida." Michael Garner and Michael Scicchitano, University of Florida "Local Economic Development and Growth Management: An Empirical Assessment." Jill Tao and Barbara McCabe, Florida State University Disc: Allen Brierly, University of Northern Iowa Mel Dubnick, Rutgers University

Panel 22-6 SANDBURG 5 ROUNDTABLE TO HONOR JEWEL PRESTAGE (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) Chair: Twiley W. Barker, University of Illinois, Chicago Participants: Marianne Githens, Goucher College Paula McClain, University of Virginia Dianne Pinderhughes, University of Illinois Elsie Scott, Deputy Commissioner, New York Police Department

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm

Poster Session II CRYSTAL ROOM DISPLAYS 1:30-3:30

GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH ON LAW, COURTS AND JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR II.1. "Access Policymaking at the Circuit Court of Appeals." Christopher P. Banks, University of Virginia II.2. "Organized Interests in State Court Litigation: What Accounts for the Rise in State Level Amicus Activity?" Scott A. Comparato, Washington University in St. Louis II.3. "Out of the Silence: Women’s Voices in the Courtroom." Chris Brzana, Illinois State University II.4. "American Juries: A Democratic Institution." Linda Maule, Washington State University II.5. "Dynamics of Judicial Attitude Change and the Takings Clause: 1800-1992." Christopher Budzisz, John Vinzant and Kevin Walsh, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

Panel 1-6 BURNHAM 1 CURRENT ISSUES IN BRITISH POLITICS Chair: Jorgen Rasmussen, Iowa State University Papers: "British Labour Party, Public Policy, and the Role of Business as a 'Privileged Position': The Wilson Governments for 1964-70 and 1974-76." Michael McLean, University of California, Riverside "Explaining Presidentialization in British General Elections." Anthony Mughan, Ohio State University •Regional Polarization and Constituency Level Strategy: The British Labour Party 1979-1992.• Michael Levy, University of Kentucky Disc: Jorgen Rasmussen, Iowa State University

Panel 2-5 BURNHAM 2 REGIME AND ECONOMY Chair: Bruce M. Wilson, Rice University Papers: "The Political Determinants of Economic Growth: Does Regime Type Matter?" Soleiman M. Kiasatpour, University of California, Riverside "Institutions, Regime Types, and Responses to Economic Crises: The Cases of Costa Rica and Jamaica." Bruce M. Wilson, Rice University "Regime Alternation and Economic Development in Ghana: A Critical Analysis of Public Policy in the Agricultural Sector." Iren Omo-Bare, Millsaps College "Neo-Authoritarian Ideological Contradictions: The Struggle for Both Conservative Order and Rapid Economic Development in China and Elsewhere." Solomon M. Karmel, Princeton University Disc: Jean Francois Mayer, Penn State University

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 87

Panel 3-6 BURNHAM 4 REGIONAL AND LOCAL ELITES DURING TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Chair: Michelle M. Taylor, Texas A&M University Papers: "Securing the Revolution: Structural Change and Local Democracy in Post- Communist States." Samuel J. Eldersveld, University of Michigan, and Judith S. Kullberg, Ohio State University "Attempting to Reconfigure the Spanish State from the Periphery: An Analysis of Catalan Elite Activities in Madrid, 1976-1979." Michael Malloy, University of Pittsburgh "From Revolution to Routine Politics: Elite-Building and Democratization in the Former German Democratic Republic." Jennifer Yoder, University of Maryland Disc: Vicki L. Hesli, University of Iowa Joaquin Fernandez-Castro, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Panel 4-8 CLARK 5 EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT AND INTEGRATION Chair: Birol A. Yesilada, University of Missouri, Columbia Papers: •Economic Integration and the European Community.• William J. Diggins, Sangamon State University •National Interests, Public Opinion, and European Integration: A Political- Economy Model of National-Level Public Support.• Matthew Gabel, University of Kentucky, and Harvey Palmer, George Mason University •Regional Cooperation in East Central Europe: Evidence for a Realist Integration Theory.• Scott J. Spendlove, Penn State University •International and National Integration in Multiethnic States: The Ukrainian Case.• Stephen Shulman, University of Michigan Disc: Birol A. Yesilada, University of Missouri, Columbia

Panel 4-9 BURNHAM 5 EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES Chair: Andrew Green, University of Illinois Papers: •Where Have All The Soldiers Gone? The Defense/Welfare Trade-Off in East Central Europe.• Jörg Böttger, Penn State University •East European - Soviet Conflict: Determinants of Subordinate State Defiance in a Contemporary Empire.• Warren Forbes, Indiana University •East European Security in the Post-Cold War Period and the Role of the West.• Gregory Hall, University of Central Florida Disc: Andrew Green, University of Illinois

Panel 5-6 CLARK 7 THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC NEGOTIATIONS Chair: Han Dorussen, University of Texas Papers: "How Voters Shape the Institutional Framework of International Negotiations." FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 88

Fiona McGillivray, Washington University "If Institutions Think, Who Negotiates?" Stacy D. VanDeveer, University of Maryland

"Host Country Context and the Consequences of Foreign Direct Investment." Susan M. McMillan, Penn State University Disc: Lui Hebron, Iowa State University Han Dorussen, University of Texas

Panel 6-5 SANDBURG 7 THE NOT-SO-AMBIVALENT STATUS OF THE AMERICAN POLITICIAN Chair: John Petrocik, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: •Public Approval of Congress: To What Extent Do People Make Use of Cues Provided by Current Events and Elite Discourse?• David Kimball, Ohio State University •Public Opinion and Congressional Reform: If People Love Their Members of Congress So Much, Why Do They Want to Limit Their Terms?• David Magleby and Kelly Patterson, Brigham Young University •Schematic Assessments of Congressional Candidates.• Jay A. DeSart, Florida Atlantic University Disc: John Petrocik, University of California, Los Angeles

Panel 7-5 CLARK 10 THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF VOTER TURNOUT Chair: Ruth Jones, Arizona State University Papers: •The Turnout Effects of Individual Voter Registration Responsibility Among the Mobile: A Comparative Study.• Craig Leonard Brians, University of California, Irvine •Time for a Change: Ross Perot and Voter Turnout.• Helmut Norpoth, State University of New York, Stony Brook •Follow the Leader: Theory and Evidence on Political Participation.• Ron Shachar, Yale University •The Role of Voting in Political Socialization.• Michael D. Martinez, University of Florida Disc: Alan D. Monroe, Illiniois State University

Panel 7-14 DEARBORN 1 MACRO-ELECTORAL CHANGE Chair: Christopher Achen, University of Michigan Papers: •International Vote Swings in Western Democracies: A Comparative Analysis of Ideological Trends, 1945-85.• Richard C. Fording and Hee Min Kim, Florida State University •Aggregate Electoral Volatility and Stability Property of the Party Systems.• Mikhail Filippov, California Institute of Technology •Nationalization Patterns of U.S. Short-Term Electoral Behavior -- Presidential Elections, 1928-1984.• Jon K. Dalager, University of Illinois FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 89

Disc: Christopher Achen, University of Michigan

Panel 8-4 PDR 18 TELEVISION COVERAGE OF POLITICS Chair: Benjamin I. Page, Northwestern University Papers: "Energy Images in the Network Evening News, 1970-1990." Patra Bonham Rule, University of Tennessee, A. Hunter Bacot, University of Southwest Louisiana, and Michael R. Fitzgerald, University of Tennessee "Public Opinion, Television, and the Perception of Long-Running Crises: The Case of the Iran Hostage and the Persian Gulf Crises." Frank Popyk, Wayne State University "Network Coverage and Presidential Approval." John M. Bruce, Georgetown University, Dee Allsop, The Wirthlin Group, S. Robert Lichter, Center for Media and Public Affairs Disc: Benjamin I. Page, Northwestern University

Panel 8-8 LASALLE 1 POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND THE INTERNET Chair: Cecilia G. Manrique, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse Papers: "Interactive Communication Technology: Dominating Effects and Liberating Prospects." James T. Sarokin, University of California, Irvine "Internet Evolution: New Developments in the Third World." Martin Hagen, Southern Illinois University "Politics on the Internet." David Resnick, Michael Margolis and Bonnie Fisher, University of Cincinnati "Potholes Along the Information Superhighway." Doris Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago Disc: Cecilia G. Manrique, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse

Panel 9-6 DEARBORN 2 WOMEN, REPRODUCTION, AND THE LIBERAL STATE Chair: Mary C. Segers, Rutgers University, Newark Papers: "Do Parents Make Better Citizens? The New Familism and Civic Order." Karen Struening, Kalamazoo College "Court-Ordered Contraception: Women's Rights v. Societal Concerns." Trish Barker and Robert C. Bradley, Illinois State University "Mandatory Paternity Establishment, Gender, and Parenthood." Jyl Josephson, Texas Tech University "'Free the Unborn!': Challenging the Language and Uses of Rights." Diedre M. Condit, Virginia Commonwealth University Disc: Susan Gluck Mezey, Loyola University of Chicago FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 90

Panel 10-6 DEARBORN 3 REDISTRICTING: ITS EFFECTS ON PARTICIPATION Chair Charles Bullock, University of Georgia Papers: "Redistricting, Demographics and the 1992 Vote." Scott Bruner and Jeffrey S. Walz, University of Nebraska

"Unintended Consequences of Race-Based Redistricting: The Impact on Electoral Participation and Competition." Ron Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee "State Centralization as a Form of Minority Power Dilution." David Cantor, University of Maryland "Single Member Districts and Vote Dilution: Remedy or Repetition." Margaret Ellis Wichita State University Disc: James C. Garand, Louisiana State University

Panel 11-8 SANDBURG 3 ARISTOTLE ON MODERN VIRTUE AND LIBERAL GOVERNMENT Chair: Paul Stern, Ursinus College Papers: •Justice as Virtue and as Law in Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics.• Susan Collins, Southern Illinois University •Women and Limited Government in Aristotle's Politics.• Constance Hunt, Michigan State University •Aristotle's Citizen in Liberal Democracy.• Eric Petrie, Michigan State University Disc: Paul Stern, Ursinus College

Panel 13-5 LASALLE 3 SPATIAL MODELS OF POLITICAL PROCESSES Chair: Brian Humes, University of Nebraska Papers: "The Instability of Simple-Majority Rule: Results from a Computer Simulation in Two-Dimensional Space." David Koehler, American University "A Multi-Level Spatial Model: Legislative and Electoral Voting." Bruce Kirby, Syracuse University "Multiparty Spatial Competition Among Probabalistic Voters." David C. Nixon, Washington University, Dganit Olomoki, Tel Aviv University, Norman Schofield, Washington University, and Itai J. Sened, Tel Aviv University Disc: Roberta Q. Herzberg, Utah State University

Panel 14-5 LASALLE 5 INTEREST GROUP COALITIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS Chair: Taeku Lee, University of Chicago FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 91

Papers: "Professional Associations: A Different Breed of Cat." Bette S. Hill and Katherine A. Hinckley, University of Akron "Coalitions of Organized Interests: Groups' Decisions to Join Alliances or Work Alone." Marie Hojnacki, Penn State University "Saddling up the Posse: Rounding up Coalitions in the Washington Corral." Kevin W. Hula, Loyola College in Maryland Disc: Karen McCurdy, Washington DC

Panel 15-6 MONTROSE 1 OF TIME AND THE PRESIDENCY -- HISTORICAL AND CYCLICAL EFFECTS Chair: Bryan D. Jones, Texas A&M University Papers: "Presidents, Parties, and the Public." Gerald Gamm and Renee M. Smith, University of Rochester "Presidential Political Cycles." Michael W. Hail and Duane D. Milne, University of Delaware "Product Life Cycle Model of Presidential Popularity." Maurice M. Eisenstein, Purdue University, Calumet Disc: Bryan D. Jones, Texas A&M University Russell Renka, Southeast Missouri State University

Panel 16-9 PDR 16 MODELS OF LEGISLATIVE DECISION MAKING Chair: Michael F. Thies, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: "Narrow Wins and Big Losses on Congressional Roll Call Votes: The Leadership Leverage Model." David C. King and Richard Zeckhauser, and Sven Feldman, Harvard University "The Impact of Costly Decision-Making on Congressional Delegation." Elizabeth M. Martin, University of Iowa "Baselines Revisited: When Does a Significant Result Result in Significance?" Michael M. Bobic and William Eric Davis, University of Tennessee Disc: Andrew Whitford and Eric Helland, Washington University

Panel 16-10 PDR 17 LEGISLATIVE CAREERS Chair: Linda L. Fowler, Syracuse University Papers: "Ideological Compatibility With The District Over The Career." Jeffrey L. Bernstein, University of Michigan "When the Campaign is Over: Boxer and Feinstein's Transition to the Senate." Dena Levy, University of Iowa "The Unchanged Congress." Jay P. Greene, University of Houston FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 92

"The Career Movements of Mavericks in the U.S. House of Representatives." Michael K. Moore, University of Texas, Arlington "Thinking About Legislative Activity." Grant Reeher, Syracuse University Disc: Thomas O. Kazee, Davidson College

Panel 17-5 MONTROSE 7 PERSPECTIVES ON LAW AND SOCIETY Chair: Mark Gibney, Purdue University Papers: "Mediation Meets the Legal Establishment: Using ADR in Court Reform." Elizabeth D. Ellen, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill "Only Words, Indeed." Ira L. Strauber, Grinnell College "At the Creation: New York High Court Free Speech Decisionmaking, 1791- 1925." Lewis S. Ringel, University of Maryland

"The Political Economy of Rights: Federal Courts and State Prison Reform." John Fliter, Kansas State University Disc: Herbert Kritzer, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 18-7 MONTROSE 2 ROUNDTABLE ON THE STATE OF STATE POLITICS RESEARCH Chair: Charles Barrilleaux, Florida State University Paper: "The State of State Politics Research." Paul Brace and Aubrey Jewett, Florida State University Disc: Charles Barrilleaux, Florida State University Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Keith Hamm, Rice University Gerald Wright, Indiana University David Lowery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Panel 19-4 MONTROSE 3 NEW PATTERNS OF CONFLICTS IN URBAN POLITICS Chair: Robert Huckfeldt, State University of New York, Stony Brook Papers: "Culture Wars and City Politics: Local Government Responses to Social Conflict." Elaine B. Sharp, University of Kansas "Conceptualizations of Race and Power in Contemporary Urban Politics Scholarship." Jeffrey Edwards, Roosevelt University "Who Links? The Impact of Political Tradition on the Roles of Political Parties and Alternative Organizations in Urban Democratic Linkage." Collette Marie Niland, University of Wisconsin Disc: John C. Jones, University of Iowa

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 1:30-3:15 pm 93

Panel 20-10 SANDBURG 2 COMPARATIVE PRIVATIZATION POLICY Chair: Peter Dombrowski, Iowa State University Papers: •Reinventing (British) Government? Bureaucratic Reform versus Privatization.• Chris Conklin and Jeremy Lewis, University of Northern Iowa •Privatization in the Turkic Moslem Republics of Central Asia.• S. Dogan Koyuoglu, Eastern Michigan University •Between Mission and Contract: Redefining the Roles of U.S. Federal R&D Agencies.• James Desveaux, Texas A&M University "The Mythology of Privatization." Donald Chisholm, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Melissa Marschall, State University of New York, Stony Brook Peter Dombrowski, Iowa State University

Panel 20-11 SANDBURG 6 HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY Chair: Steven Maynard-Moody, University of Kansas Papers: •The Higher Education Act of 1992: A Case Study in the Politics of Higher Education.• Susan Hannah, Western Michigan University •Mapping the Politics of Change Initiatives in U.S. Higher Education.• Kay Wolsborn, College of Saint Benedict/St. John's University •Gender Policy and Academia: Administrative and Faculty Views of the Chilly Climate Problem.• Fred Meyer and Ralph Baker, Ball State University Disc: Steven Maynard-Moody, University of Kansas

Panel 21-6 SANDBURG 8 PUBLIC PERSONNEL ISSUES FOR THE 1990’s Chair: Vidu Soni, Northern Illinois University Papers: "Sexual Harassment Policy in the Public Sector: What Do Employees Want?" Karen E. Lindenberg, Kellee Remer, Eastern Michigan University, and Laura A. Reese, Wayne State University "Comparing Job Satisfaction Among Public-and Private- Sector Employees." Victor S. Desantis and Samantha L. Durst, University of North Texas "Personnel Practices of Women Judges." F. Elaine Martin, Eastern Michigan University "Position Descriptions and Performance Appraisal Systems: The Missing Link?" Kimberly Strong Lytle and David C. Powell, Miami University Disc: Anne Freedman, Roosevelt University Karen E. Lindenberg, Eastern Michigan University

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE EDITORIAL BOARD MEETING LASALLE 1

Editor: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Poster Session II (continues) CRYSTAL ROOM AUTHORS PRESENT: 3:30-5:00 PM

GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH ON LAW, COURTS AND JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR

II.1. "Access Policymaking at the Circuit Court of Appeals." Christopher P. Banks, University of Virginia II.2. "Organized Interests in State Court Litigation: What Accounts for the Rise in State Level Amicus Activity?" Scott A. Comparato, Washington University in St. Louis II.3. "Out of the Silence: Women’s Voices in the Courtroom." Chris Brzana, Illinois State University II.4. "American Juries: A Democratic Institution." Linda Maule, Washington State University II.5. "Dynamics of Judicial Attitude Change and the Takings Clause: 1800-1992." Christopher Budzisz, John Vinzant and Kevin Walsh, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

Panel 1-7 BURNHAM 1 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF SOCIAL POLICY IN EUROPE Chair: Robert Henry Cox, University of Oklahoma Papers: "Euthanasia in the Netherlands: Accommodating Death." Thomas Halper, City University of New York Graduate School and Baruch College "Beyond Corporatism: Markets, Governments and Economic Interest in Vocational Education Policy in Germany, Switzerland and Austria." Gunther M. Hega, Western Michigan University "The Privatization of Welfare: The Impact of Parties on the Public Private Mix in British Pension Provision, 1979-1995." Helen Fawcett, University of York Disc: Robert Henry Cox, University of Oklahoma

Panel 2-6 BURNHAM 2 CIVIL SOCIETY AND ECONOMIC REFORM Chair: Mary Clark, Tulane University Papers: "The Business Interest Association and the Political Economy of Development in South Korea." Eui-Young Kim, University of Michigan "Liberal Economic Reform, the State and Civil Society in Venezuela, 1979-1993." Margaret E. Martin, Carleton College FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 95

"Recreating Civil Society in Tanzania: The Case of Business Associations." Bruce Heilman, Indiana University "The Politics of the Informal Sector in Mexico." Lisa Hansel, University of Chicago Disc: Mary Clark, Tulane University

Panel 3-9 BURNHAM 4 PARLIAMENTARY DEVELOPMENT IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION Chair: William M. Reisinger, University of Iowa Papers: "Internal Organization in a Developing Legislature: Committees in the Russian Duma." Moshe Haspel, Emory University "Parliamentarism, Legislative Dominance and Consolidation." Bjorn Eric Rasch, University of Oslo "The Development of Parliamentary Parties in Russia." Thomas F. Remington, Emory University, and Steven S. Smith, University of Minnesota "The Polish Parliament and the Democratic Transition: A Comparative Perspective." Maurice Simon, East Carolina University, and David M. Olson, University of North Carolina, Greensboro Disc: Regina Smyth, Duke University

Panel 4-13 BURNHAM 5 CHALLENGING THE REALIST PARADIGM Chair: David Garnham, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: •Can Realism Survive on Soft Power.• Duane D. Milne, University of Delaware •Post-Modern Echoes: The Theory and History of Sovereignty in Contemporary International Politics.• Edward S. Cohen, Buena Vista College •The Logic of Anarchy and International Relations’ Definition of •Power.’• Brian Fletcher, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: David Garnham, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 4-15 CLARK 5 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT Chair: Audra K. Grant, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: •Explaining Multilateral Environmental Treaty Formation: A Test of Three Theories.• Stephen Hartlaub, Frostburg State University •Environmental Review Procedures of International Organizations: A Preliminary Evaluation.• Madhu Malik, Purdue University •Can Common Environmental Interests Promote International Cooperation and Regional Political Integration?• Niall Michelsen, Roosevelt University •The Knowledge and Power of Global Technoscience: Geocentric Discourse Confronts the Practice of Sovereignty.• Nayef H. Samhat, Elmhurst College Disc: Audra K. Grant, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 96

Panel 5-5 CLARK 7 PERSPECTIVES ON INTERNATIONAL LENDING AGENCIES Chair: Meredith Woo Cumings, Northwestern University Papers: "Confused to the Core: Pareto, Global Policy and the World Bank." Daniel R. Gibson, Texas A&M University "American Hegemony and Structural Adjustment Ideology." Kathryn C. Lavelle, Northwestern University "Bargaining at Risk: A Rational Choice Explanation of Developing Country Compliance with IMF Conditionality." Tanya E. Monsanto, Univ. of Kentucky "The Political Economy of IMF Conditionality: A Proposal for a Formal Analysis." Birol A. Yesilada and Lilian A. Barria, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Leona Pallansch, Allegheny College Meredith Woo Cumings, Northwestern University

Panel 6-8 SANDBURG 7 EXPLORATIONS OF ECONOMIC VOTING Chair: M. Stephen Weatherford, University of California, Santa Barbara Papers: •News and Opinion: The Economy and the American Voter.• Brandon Haller and Helmut Norpoth, State University of New York, Stony Brook •Yours, Mine and Ours: Group Economic Judgments as Mediators of Personal and Political Judgments.• Diana Mutz, University of Wisconsin, Madison, and Jeffery J. Mondak, University of Pittsburgh M. Stephen Weatherford, University of California, Santa Barbara

Panel 6-17 SANDBURG 4 RELIGION, LAW, AND PUBLIC OPINION (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW) Chair: Christopher P. Gilbert, Gustavus Adolphus College Papers: •The Dimensions of Religious Liberty: Mass and Elite Perspectives.• Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College, and Clyde Wilcox, Georgetown University •What's God Got to Do With It? Gay Rights and Religious Beliefs.• Douglas Strand, University of California, Berkeley Disc: Chris Gilbert, Gustavus Adolphus College

Panel 7-13 DEARBORN 1 MODELS OF VOTER CHOICE Chair: Richard J. Semiatin, American University Papers: •The Structure of Emotional Reactions to Political Candidates.• Lisa D'Ambrosio, University of Michigan •Ideology in 1992.• Jack Dennis, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Paul W. Gronke, Duke University

Panel 7-15 CLARK 10 FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 97

PARTISANSHIP AND PARTY IMAGE Chair: John Haskell, Drake University Papers: •Voter Neutrality Toward the Major Parties and Support for Independent Presidential Candidates.• Stephen M. Nichols, Ohio State University •The Role of Issues and Ideology in the Formation of Partisanship in the United States, 1972-1992.• Jeffrey Levine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, and Edward G. Carmines, Indiana University •Are Parties Responsive to Public Opinion? A Study of the 1992 Presidential Election.• Emile Sheng, Northwestern University Disc: Warren E. Miller, Arizona State University

Panel 8-7 PDR 18 CONGRESS AND THE MEDIA Chair: John W. Kingdon, University of Michigan Papers: "Effects on Constituents of Congressional Efforts to Publicize Actions." Daniel Lipinski, Duke University "Media Market Characteristics and Patterns of Congressional Campaign Media Use." Michael W.Traugott and Margaret Young, University of Michigan "When the Local Press Isn't Kind: A Tale of Six House Incumbents in the News." Michelle Brophy-Baermann, Hartwick College "Framing Congress: How the Media Covers Congressional Activity and the Influences that Coverage Has on Public Opinion and the Way Congress Conducts its Activity." Mark Watts, University of Minnesota Disc: John W. Kingdon, University of Michigan

Panel 9-9 DEARBORN 2 SEX, GENDER, AND THE DIFFICULT PATHS TO DEMOCRATIZATION Chair: M. Kent Jennings, University of Michigan and University of California, Santa Barbara Papers: "Gender-Based Planning in India: An Assessment of 'Woman-Oriented' Strategies." Rashmi Chaturvedi, Purdue University "Marginalization Through Incorporation: The Parallel Structures of Women's Groups in Senegalese Party Politics." Linda J. Beck, University of Wisconsin, Madison "Gender and Civic Involvement in the People's Republic of China: Results from a Four County Survey." M. Kent Jennings, University of Michigan and University of California, Santa Barbara Disc: Paul Barton-Kriese, Indiana University, East

Panel 10-7 DEARBORN 3 REDISTRICTING AND REPRESENTATION Chair: Ron Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: "Race, District Composition, and Representation: New Evidence from Ohio." David Klein and Gregory Strizek, Ohio State University FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 98

"Are Majority Black Districts "Safe Seats": Race and the Representation of Black Interests in Congress." Michael Cobb, University of Illinois "The Alabama Black Legislative Caucus: Its Effectiveness in the Alabama Legislature." Manley Elliot Banks, Virginia Commonwealth University, and Lawrence J. Hanks, Indiana University

"Race, Roll Calls and Redistricting: The Impact of Majority-Minority Districts on Congressional Roll-Call Voting." Christine LeVeaux Sharp, Louisiana State University Disc: David Lublin University of South Carolina Olethia Davis, Southern University

Panel 11-15 SANDBURG 3 REPRESENTATIONS OF POWER, DESIRE AND ORDER IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Chair: Timothy Luke, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Papers: •United States Representation of the Nicaraguan Revolution: Escaping the Real of Desire.• Margaret Hirschberg, Purdue University •The Hard Work of Freedom: Failed Nations, Applied Superpower and (Re)Territorialization in the New World (Dis)Order.• Timothy Luke, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University •Visualizing International Relations Through Hobbes' Imagination: International Relations Theory and the Visual Illusion of Power.• Francois Debrix, Purdue University Disc: Cynthia Weber, Purdue University

Panel 12-6 LASALLE 2 UNOBSERVED VARIABLES AND NON-ADDITIVE MODELS Chair: Elisabeth Gerber, University of California, San Diego Papers: "Nonadditivity in Regression Analysis: Some Epistemological Notes on the Nexus between Technique and Theory." John J. Hindera and Irwin Morris, Texas Tech University "The Robustness of Normal-Theory LISREL Models: Tests Using a New Optimizer, the Bootstrap, and Sampling Experiments, with Applications.'' Walter R. Mebane, Jr., Jasjeet S. Sekhon, and Martin T. Wells, Cornell Univ. "Correcting for Errors in Retrospective Data." Ron Shachar, Yale Univ. Disc: Elizabeth Gerber, University of California, San Diego

Panel 13-6 LASALLE 3 FORMAL MODELS OF CAMPAIGNING Chair: Alan Gerber, Yale University Papers: "Campaign Warchests and Political Competition." Alan Gerber, Yale Univ. "Information, Polls, and Bandwagons in Multicandidate Elections." Mark Fey, FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 99

California Institute of Technology "A Game Theoretic Model of Candidate Strategy." Adam Simon, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Susanne Lohmann, University of California, Los Angeles

Panel 14-6 LASALLE 5 LOBBYING Chair: Burdett Loomis, University of Kansas Papers: "Inviting Friends to Lobby: Interest Groups and Congressional Committees." Ken Kollman, University of Michigan "Interests, Issues, and Emphases: Lobbying Congress and the Strategic Manipulation of Issue Dimensions." Gary McKissick, University of Michigan "Access to Power: The Influence of Foreign Lobbyists in the United States." Rebecca M. Summary and Larry J. Summary, Southeast Missouri State Univ. Disc: Cary Coglianese, Harvard University

Panel 15-7 MONTROSE 1 LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PSYCHOLOGIES Chair: Daniel D. Stid, Wabash College Papers: "Winter's Motives, Barber's Character and Keirsey's Temperaments: Suggestive Empirical Links." Robert E. Elder and Rochelle Tedesco, Hope College "Eisenhower and Johnson: Contrasting Approaches to Presidential Homework." Douglas M. Brattebo, United States Naval Academy "Presidential Beliefs and the Reagan Paradox." Doug Hoekstra, Michigan State University, James Madison College "Eisenhower and the Nuclear Sword: Deterrence and Diplomatic Flexibility." Richard J. Harknett and Brian King, University of Cincinnati Disc: Shirley Anne Warshaw, Gettysburg College

Panel 16-12 PDR 16 ADVOCACY AND THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS Chair: Michael K. Moore, University of Texas at Arlington "Congressional Committees and Interest Group Representatives: The Effects of Uncertainty." Vivynne M. Agrios, University of California, Los Angeles "Access and Advocacy in the U.S. House of Representatives." Christine DeGregorio, American University Ronald G. Shaiko, American University

Panel 16-13 PDR 17 FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 100

CONSEQUENCES OF LEGISLATORS' STRATEGIC BEHAVIOR Chair: David W. Rohde, Michigan State University Papers: "Cycles of Sponsorship: Proposing Legislation Strategically." Kenneth P. Berthiaume and Lisa N. Kougias, University of Iowa "Patterns of Co-sponsorship in House Committees." Thomas Gilligan, University of Southern California, and Keith Krehbiel, Stanford University "Strategic Position Taking and the Timing of Voting Decisions in Congress: Substantive and Methodological Advances." Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Laura W. Arnold and Christopher J. Zorn, Ohio State University Disc: Elizabeth M. Martin, University of Iowa

Panel 17-8 MONTROSE 7 PUBLIC OPINION AND THE SUPREME COURT Chair: Gregory Casey, University of Missouri, Columbia Papers: "Diffuse Support for the U.S. Supreme Court: Reliable Reservoir or Fickle Foundation?" Jennifer A. Segal, Ohio State University "When the Court Hits Close to Home: The Impact of Supreme Court Decisions on Local Public Opinion." Valerie J. Hoekstra, Washington University "Public Support for the Supreme Court: Values, Awareness and Contextual Information." Scott Peters, University of Kentucky "Public Opinion and U.S. Supreme Court Decision-Making in Women’s Rights Cases." Thomas R. Marshall, and Joseph Ignagni, University of Texas, Arlington Disc: Lauren Bowen, John Carroll University

Panel 18-5 MONTROSE 2 REGULATING SERVICES IN THE STATES Chair: Carol Weissert, Michigan State University Papers: "Accountability and the Professions: Disciplining Doctors and Lawyers." Mark E. Tompkins, Noel O'R. Morton, University of South Carolina, and Philip H. Jos, University of Charleston "Who Regulates Doctors? The Regulation of Physicians in America." Nicole E. Collins, Washington University "Institutional Supply of Daycare Services: An Intergovernmental Perspective on Regulation." Brenda Bushouse, Indiana University Disc: Gordon P. Whitaker, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Stephen Percy, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 19-5 MONTROSE 3 THE EVOLVING ROLE OF RACE IN URBAN POLITICS Chair: Janet Boles, Marquette University Papers: "Campaign Themes in the Urban South." Steven H. Haeberle, University of Alabama "There's Much More than Meets the Eye: Southern Cities and Minority Political FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 101

Participation, Incorporation and Representation Following the 1965 Voting Rights Act." Steven A. Light, Northwestern University "The Political Empowerment of the Salvadoran Community in Washington, D.C." John C. Jones, University of Iowa Disc: H. Gibbs Knotts, Emory University Lewis A. Randolph, Ohio University

Panel 20-12 SANDBURG 2 POLITICAL INFLUENCE OVER REGULATORY POLICY Chair: B. Dan Wood, Texas A&M University Papers: •Principal-Agent Models: A Theoretical Cul-de-sac.• Richard Waterman, University of New Mexico •Presidents and the Adoption of Regulatory Policy.• John Hamman, Southern Illinois University, and Jeffrey Cohen, University of Kansas •Regulatory Enforcement and Intra-Firm Democracy: The Collective Action Consequences of OSHA's Complaint Inspection Program.• John Scholz, State University of New York, Stony Brook •Deliberation, Political Incentives, and Policy Mistakes: Explaining Policy Disasters in Budgeting and Banking in the 1980s.• Paul J. Quirk, University of Illinois, and Gary Mucciaroni, Temple University Disc: Peter VanDoren, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill B. Dan Wood, Texas A&M University

Panel 21-7 SANDBURG 8 ORGANIZATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE Chair: Mel Dubnick, Rutgers University Papers: "Organization Theory and the Search for a Theoretical Framework for Analyzing the Kibbutz." Michael Harris, Eastern Michigan University "Strategic Environmental Scanning in Public Organizations: A Model for Factor Classification." Bruce Neubauer and Timothy P. Garvin, Wayne State College "Implementing Quality Management in Public Organizations." Harry F. Kelley, Jr., Michael Marcus, Illinois Institute of Technology and Jennifer Weisberg, TQM Consultant Disc: Mel Dubnick, Rutgers University

Panel 22-7 SANDBURG 5 INTEGRATING RACE AND GENDER INTO THE POLITICAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) Chair: Mary Lou Kendrigan, Lansing Community College Participants: R. Booth Fowler, University of Wisconsin, Madison Liane C. Kosaki, Beloit College Benjamin Marquez, University of Wisconsin, Madison Katherine Tate, Ohio State University

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 3:30-5:15 pm 102

103

FRIDAY, APRIL 8, 5:30-6:00 pm

MPSA ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING RED LACQUER ROOM

President: John Sprague, Washington University, St. Louis

PRESENTATION OF BEST PAPER AWARDS

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

NEW BUSINESS

FRIDAY, APRIL 7, 6:00-7:30 pm

MPSA PRESIDENT'S RECEPTION RED LACQUER ROOM and

MPSA AND MIDWEST WOMEN'S CAUCUS FOR POLITICAL SCIENCE

PRESENTATION OF:

"The Yellow Rose of Suffrage" A Dramatic Reading by Jane Cox

A Tribute to Carrie Lane Chapman Catt

In Commemoration of the 75th Anniversary of Women's Suffrage

104

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am

Poster Session III CRYSTAL ROOM DISPLAYS 8:30-10:30

ASSORTED TOPICS

III.1. "Policy Agendas in the United States Since 1945.• Frank R. Baumgartner, Jeffery C. Talbert, Michael C. Rosenstiehl, Beth L. Leech, and James L. True, Texas A&M University III.2. "Toward a Geography of Religion in Ukraine at the Beginning of the Period of Independence." Gretchen Knudson Gee, Michigan State University III.3. "French Military Policy and Political Stability in Africa." Roger Fahnestock, Edward S. Kasule and T.Y. Wang, Illinois State University III.4. •What Kinds of States Received Arms from the Soviet Union?• Robert G. Leh, Illinois Wesleyan University III.5. "International Actors and Environmental Policy in Developing East Asian Nations." Jonathan Harrington, Loyola University of Chicago III.6. "The School District-Municipal Income Tax." Ronald J. Busch III.7. "Workplace Diversity and Organizational Culture: Driving and Resisting Forces." Vidu Soni, Northern Illinois University III.8. "The American Politics Gopher at Northwestern University: Internet Resources for American Politics." Scott Althaus, Northwestern University III.9. "Courting Business and Labor in Milwaukee." Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh

Panel 1-8 BURNHAM 1 REASSESSING REGIONALISM IN NATIONAL POLITICS Chair: Donald J. McCrone, University of Washington Papers: "Toward a Theory of Regional Party Formation." Christina M. Grabarkiewicz, Ohio State University "The Scottish National Party and the Plaid Cymru: Comparison of Electoral Support." Steven E. Galatas, University of Missouri, Columbia "A Comparative Analysis of State and Provincial Environmental Protection Programs." Emmett N. Lombard, Oakland University Disc: Donald J. McCrone, University of Washington

Panel 2-7 BURNHAM 2 STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT Chair: Alwyn R. Rouyer, University of Idaho Papers: "An Exploration into the Structure of Relationship Between Economic, Political, and Social Aspects of Development on Global and Regional Levels." Peter M. Steen, University of South Carolina "Democracy and Development Linkages: The Rise and Decline of Indian SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 105

Democracy." Srini Sitaram, Kent State University

"The Transformation of Peronism in Argentine Politics, 1989-1993: Structural and Idiosyncratic Influences." David E. Leaman, Cornell University Disc: Alwyn R. Rouyer, University of Idaho

Panel 3-12 BURNHAM 4 HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Chair: Christian Davenport, University of Houston Papers: "The Arms Trade and Its Consequences for Human Rights." Shannon Lindsey Blanton, University of South Carolina "Do Constitutions Protect Human Rights in Developing Countries?" Gerald Blasi and David Louis Cingranelli, Binghamton University "Is the Rule of Law Evident Within Pieces of Paper?: Exploring the Relationship Between Constitutional Provisions and State Repression." Christian Davenport, University of Houston "Developing Global Measures of Women's Rights." Steven Poe, Karl Ho, University of North Texas, and Dierdre Wendel-Blunt, University of Iowa Disc: Clair Apodaca, Purdue University

Panel 3-13 BURNHAM 5 TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA Chair: Agber Dimah, Chicago State University Papers: "Democratization in Senegal and Benin: A Comparison between Incremental and Dramatic Transitions to Democracy." Linda J. Beck and Bruce Magnusson, University of Wisconsin, Madison "State-Societal Relations in South Africa's Democratic Transition." Tracy Kuperas, University of Illinois "Concepts of Civil Society and Theories of Regime Change." James S. Wunsch, Creighton University Disc: Joel Barkan, University of Iowa Michael Anda, University of Arkansas

Panel 4-14 CLARK 5 NEW APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY Chair: Colin Elman, Columbia University Papers: •Reform School States: Normalization and Delinquency in the Third World." David Martin, Purdue University •A Deliberative Theory of Transnational Relations: The Prospects for Sustainable Development.• Rodger A. Payne, University of Louisville •A Constructive Approach to Learning in the Study of International Relations.• Wesley W. Widmaier, University of Texas

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Disc: Colin Elman, Columbia University

Panel 4-16 SANDBURG 5 ELITES AND PERCEPTION IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICY Chair: James McCormick, Iowa State University Papers: •Assessing Potential Adversaries after the Cold War: U.S. Perceptions of Saddam and Milosevic.• Alan Purcell, University of Kentucky •Rooting the Unprecedented in the Past: Historical Analogizing in the Cuban Missile Crisis.• David Patrick Houghton, University of Pittsburgh •Justifying Wars: U.S. Foreign Policy Elites and Their Views on Death in Battle.• Joe Underhill-Cady, University of Michigan •The American Foreign Policy toward Islamic Movements in the Middle East.• Khalil Dokhanchi, University of Wisconsin, Superior Disc: James McCormick, Iowa State University

Panel 5-7 CLARK 7 RECENT TRENDS IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION Chair: Michael Wallerstein, Northwestern University Papers: "Supranational Courts and National Courts: The Impact of the European Court of Justice on the British Court System." John C. Blakeman, University of Virginia "The Integrative Role of the European Court of Justice: Judicial Independence or Politically Constrained Courts." Bernadette A. Kilroy, University of California, Los Angeles "Organized Interests and the New Institutions of the European Union." Roland Stephen, Duke University Disc: James E. Alt, Harvard University Sophie Meunier, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Panel 6-13 SANDBURG 7 FRAMING EFFECTS Chair: Victor C. Otatti, Memphis State University Papers: •Issue Framing and Public Opinion on Government Spending.• William Jacoby, University of South Carolina •Compromise Versus Absolutism: Issue Framing Among Protestant Clergy.• Laura R. Olson, University of Wisconsin •Television Coverage of American Political Parties.• Sally Healy, Ohio State University Disc: Victor C. Otatti, Memphis State University

Panel 7-20 DEARBORN 1 FORECASTING ELECTIONS Chair: James Endersby, University of Missouri, Columbia Papers: •Temporal Horizons and Presidential Election Forecasts.• Robert S. Erikson SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 107

and Christopher Wlezien, University of Houston •Voter Forecasts and Voter Preferences in General Elections.• James Gimpel and Diane Hollern, University of Maryland •It's the Media, Stupid: An Explanation for Presidential Election Forecasting Error.• Marc J. Hetherington, University of Texas Disc: James Endersby, University of Missouri, Columbia

Panel 8-9 PDR 18 MEDIA COVERAGE OF GROUPS IN SOCIETY Chair: Keith W. Reeves, Harvard University Papers: " 'All the News That's Fit to Kill?:' ACT UP, The New York Times, and the Processing of AIDS Activism." Mark Donovan, University of Washington "Constructing Collective Memory: The Watts Riots in 1992 Los Angeles." Jill A. Edy, Northwestern University "Images of 'Others:' Media Portrayals of the 1992 Los Angeles Rebellion." Kim Gross, University of Michigan " 'Misinformation Please!': The Haudenosaunee, the U.S. Public, Political Responsibility, and the Mass Media." Marcheta L. Birch and David E. Birch, Canisius College Disc: Keith W. Reeves, Harvard University

Panel 9-11 DEARBORN 2 INTRA-SEX DIFFERENCES AND ORIENTATIONS TOWARD PARTICIPATION Chair: Jyl Josephson, Texas Tech University Papers: "Political Participation Reconsidered: The Personal is the Political." Sue Thomas, Georgetown University "Gender and the Black Urban Underclass: An Assessment of Political Participation." Yvette Alex-Assensoh, Indiana University, and Karin L. Stanford, University of Georgia "Issue Salience Among Women During the 1984, 1988 and 1992 Presidential Elections." Heather Coleman Trippel, Purdue University Disc: Mark Somma, Texas Tech University

Panel 10-8 DEARBORN 3 WHITE PREJUDICE IN THE 1990'S Chair: Jennifer Hochschild, Princeton University Papers: "Candidate Evaluations and Racial Attitudes in Presidential Elections." Carl McCurley, East Carolina University "Would You Vote For Colin Powell? A New Test of Old Racism." April Gresham, Lafayette College "A Wolf In Wolf's Clothing: The Return of Overt Racism in the 1992 Election Studies." Joel David Bloom, University of Michigan "White Prejudice Toward Blacks: Does Residential Integration Matter?" Tim Bledsoe, Wayne State University, Michael Combs, University of Nebraska, Lee SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 108

Sigelman, George Washington University, and Susan Welch, Penn State University Disc: John Kuzenski, Vanderbilt University

Panel 11-13 SANDBURG 3 INSTITUTIONS, CONVENTIONS AND SOCIAL ORDER Chair: Michael C. Munger, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Papers: •A Liberal Constitution.• Scott Boykin, University of Alabama, Birmingham

•F.A. Hayek, Prediction in the Social Sciences and the Surprise of the 1989 Revolutions in Eastern Europe.• Craig T. Cobane and Nicholas A. Damask, University of Cincinnati •Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account.• Gerry Mackie, University of Chicago Disc: Michael C. Munger, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Panel 11-14 SANDBURG 4 ETHICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT Chair: Mary C. Segers, Rutgers University Papers: •Rousseau, the Observation of Nature and the Inadequacy of Law: A Perspective on the Politics of the Environment.• Alexandra Cook, University of Chicago •The Politics of Nature: Environmental Philosophy and the Evasion of Political Judgement.• John M. Meyer, University of Wisconsin, Madison "Discursive Regimes and Political Ecology: Analyzing the Impact of International Forces Upon Local Level Resource Management Institutions.• Peter J. Rogers, University of Florida •Colorizing the Discourse: The Nexus of Deep Ecological and Indigenous Thought on Environmental Issues.• Pamela Stricker, University of California, Riverside Disc: Mary C. Segers, Rutgers University

Panel 12-5 LASALLE 2 DISCRETE DEPENDENT VARIABLES Chair: Bradford S. Jones, University of Arizona Papers: "Making Choices or Just Being Wise: The Analysis of Qualitative Dependent Variables." Kisangani F. N. Emizet, Kansas State University, and Charles Tien, University of Iowa "Correcting Logit and Probit Models with Sample Selection." Cheol H. Oh, Arkansas State University "The Odds Ratio Interpretation and Complete Analysis of Logit Results." Donald J. Farole, Jr., Indiana University, Jeffrey Levine, State University of New York, Stony Brook and William D. Morgan, Indiana University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 109

Disc: Bradford S. Jones, University of Arizona

Panel 13-8 LASALLE 3 VOTING RULES Chair: Burt L. Monroe, Indiana University Papers: "64%-Majority Rule in Ducal Venice: Voting for the Doge." Jay S. Coggins, University of Wisconsin, and C. Federico Perali, Instituto di Economia e Politica Agraria "The Problem with Referendums." Dean Lacy, Ohio State University, and Emmerson Niou, Duke University "Buying Supermajorities." Tim Groseclose and James Synder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Disc: Burt L. Monroe, Indiana University Panel 14-7 LASALLE 5 STATE AND LOCAL POLITICAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS Chair: Harold F. Bass, Jr., Ouachita Baptist University Papers: "Checkbooks and Grassroots: Comparing Attitudes in Elite Populations." John A. Clark, University of Georgia, and John M. Bruce, Georgetown University "Party Money and Party Loyalty in the Minnesota Legislature." Patrick Donnay, Bemidji State University "Local Organizations, Local Races: A Systematic Examination of Resource and Effort Expenditures by County Party Organizations on County-Level Races." Harold Gregory, Ohio State University "Variation in Party Integration: 1988-1992." Barbara Trish, Grinnell College Disc: John Frendreis, Loyola University of Chicago

Panel 15-8 MONTROSE 1 PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE FEDERAL EXECUTIVE Chair: Dean L. Yarwood, University of Missouri, Columbia Papers: "Clinton and the Attorney General: A Woman in the Inner Cabinet." Mary Anne Borrelli, Connecticut College "Comparing the Clinton and Bush Transitions in the Bureaucracy." Robert Maranto, Lafayette College "The Dynamics of Foreign Policy Decision Making: Presidential Management of Bureaucratic Conflict." William Newmann, Virginia Commonwealth University "Serving the Commander-in-Chief: Advice and Dissent." Peter J. Roman, Duquesne University, and David W. Tarr, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Donald F. Kettl, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 16-14 PDR 16 CONSTITUENCY INFLUENCE ON CONGRESS Chair: Barbara Sinclair, University of California at Riverside Papers: "Constituency Influence on Legislative Activity of U.S. Senators." Robert L. Boucher, Jr., State University of New York, Stony Brook SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 110

"Electoral Coalitions and the Politics of Supreme Court Confirmation Votes: Race, Gender and the Senate Vote on Justice Clarence Thomas." L. Marvin Overby and Robert D. Brown, University of Mississippi "Thirty Years of Breakthroughs and Battles: Explaining Civil Rights Roll Call Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives." Francine Sanders, Middle Tennessee State University Disc: John C. Berg, Suffolk University

Panel 16-15 PDR 17 PUBLIC SUPPORT OF LEGISLATIVE INSTITUTIONS Chair: Sharon Sykora, Slippery Rock University Papers: "Congressional Approval, System Support, and Political Behavior: The Effect of Minority Status in the Electorate." Phillip Ardoin and William Blair, Louisiana State University "Explaining Support for Legislative Term Limits: An Individual-Level Analysis." James C. Garand and Steven Procopio, Louisiana State Univ. "C-Span! Assessing the Impact of a New Political Medium." Stephen Frantzich, U.S. Naval Academy Disc: Brinck Kerr, University of Arkansas

Panel 17-14 MONTROSE 7 SHAW V. RENO AND RACE CONSCIOUS REDISTRICTING IN THE 1990’S Chair: Kevin Lyles, University of Illinois, Chicago Papers: "Shaw v. Reno: Lower Courts, Minority Representation and Public Policy." Augustus J. Jones, Jr., Miami University "Rethinking Redistricting after Shaw v. Reno." Jeffrey D. Schultz, White Pines College "After Shaw v. Reno: Three Generations of Jurists Confront Racial Redistricting." Jeremy D. Mayer, Georgetown University "The Right to Representation: Minority Voting Rights in the 1990’s and Beyond." Edward Angelina, Rutgers University Disc: Mark Rush, Washington and Lee University

Panel 18-10 MONTROSE 2 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STATE AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: Margery Ambrosius, Kansas State University Papers: "Rolling Out the Carpet for Those Who Want to Roll on Down the River." Elizabeth Rexford, Illinois State University "An Examination of the Industrial Policy Activism of the American States: Are Incentive Policies Effective Economic Development Tools?." Sharon E. Fox, University of Illinois, Chicago "Intergovernmental Implications From the Rural Development Administration." Michael W. Hail, University of Delaware "Accounting for Differences in Productivity: A Model of Economic Growth in the SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 111

American States." Allen Brierly, Robert Costello, and Joseph Raso, University of Northern Iowa Disc: Margery Ambrosius, Kansas State University Martin Saiz, Notre Dame University

Panel 19-8 MONTROSE 3 CHANGING PATTERNS OF URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY Chair: Mark Schneider, State University of New York, Stony Brook Papers: "Co-production of Police Services and Its Effects on Crime Levels." Robert Stein, Rice University, and Ken Bickers, Indiana University "County Government Growth and Its Impact." Kee Ok Park, University of Virginia "Intergovernmental Relations in Law Enforcement." Steven Woolery, Illinois State University "Rejecting Federal Funds: A Case Study of Individual Rationality and Group Failure." Alexandra L. Cooper, University of North Carolina Disc: Stephen C. Godek, College of Wooster Victoria A. Spangler, Illinois State University

Panel 20-14 SANDBURG 2 HEALTH CARE POLICY Chair: Richard Chard, State University of New York, Stony Brook Papers: •The Foundations and Health Policy.• Jack Knott and Carol Weissert, Michigan State University •Risk and Reaction in Public Policy: An Analysis of State Legislative Behavior to the AIDs Epidemic.• James Schubert, Northern Illinois University •Participation and Physician Payments: The Decisions of Legislators, Interest Groups, and Citizens to Oversee Bureaucrats.• Steven Balla, Duke University Disc: Saundra Schneider, University of South Carolina Richard Chard, State University of New York, Stony Brook

Panel 21-8 SANDBURG 8 POLITICS, REGULATION, AND ADMINISTRATION OF LEGALIZED GAMBLING IN THE STATES Chair: Lawrence J. Truitt, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale Papers: "The Political Economy of Riverboat Gambling in Illinois." Lawrence J. Truitt, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale "The Politics of Limited Casino Gaming in Colorado." Daniel Sloan, University of Colorado at Bolder "Gaming in Mississippi: Competition and Change in Public Policy." J. Scott McDonald, Curtina Moreland-Young and Francis Pappin, Jackson State University DrDisc: Arthur J. Haley, Arizona State

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 8:30-10:15 am 112

113

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 9:00 - 10:00 am

MPSA NEW COUNCIL MEETING CRESTHILL ROOM

President: James Stimson, University of Minnesota and Center for Advanced Study in Behavioral Sciences

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm

Poster Session III (continues) CRYSTAL ROOM AUTHORS PRESENT: 10:30-12:00

ASSORTED TOPICS

III.1. "Policy Agendas in the United States Since 1945.• Frank R. Baumgartner, Jeffery C. Talbert, Michael C. Rosenstiehl, Beth L. Leech, and James L. True, Texas A&M University III.2. "Toward a Geography of Religion in Ukraine at the Beginning of the Period of Independence." Gretchen Knudson Gee, Michigan State University III.3. "French Military Policy and Political Stability in Africa." Roger Fahnestock, Edward S. Kasule and T.Y. Wang, Illinois State University III.4. •What Kinds of States Received Arms from the Soviet Union?• Robert G. Leh, Illinois Wesleyan University III.5. "International Actors and Environmental Policy in Developing East Asian Nations." Jonathan Harrington, Loyola University of Chicago III.6. "The School District-Municipal Income Tax." Ronald J. Busch III.7. "Workplace Diversity and Organizational Culture: Driving and Resisting Forces." Vidu Soni, Northern Illinois University III.8. "On-Line Information Services at Northwestern." Scott Althaus, Northwestern University III.9. "Courting Business and Labor in Milwaukee." Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh

Panel 1-11 BURNHAM 1 BEYOND 'SUPER ELECTION' YEAR 1994: THE EVOLUTION OF THE GERMAN PARTY SYSTEM (CO-SPONSORED BY THE CONFERENCE GROUP ON GERMAN POLITICS) Chair: E. Gene Frankland, Ball State University Papers: "The PDS and Its Significance for the Left in Germany." Hans-Georg Betz, The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) "Yet Another Party Crisis? Antiparty Voting in the German Elections of 1994." Michaela W. Richter, College of Staten Island-CUNY "The 1994 Election and the Leadership Factor in German Politics." H.G. Peter SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 114

Wallach, Central Connecticut State University

•Social Bases of Party Support after German Unification.• Joanne Bay Brzinski and Chris Thanner, Emory University Disc: Karl H. Cerny, Georgetown University Jutta Helm, Western Illinois University

Panel 1-12 BURNHAM 5 THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ASYLUM AND MIGRATION Chair: Niklaus Steiner, Northwestern University Papers: "Liberalization Without Immigration: The Foreign Labor Market in France." Sarah Hughes, Northwestern University "The Origins of the Asylum Commitment among European Democracies." Niklaus Steiner, Northwestern University "Symbolic Politics, Unification Policy, and the Rise of Racism in Germany." Patrick R. Ireland, University of Denver "Individual, Contextual, and Cultural Explanations of Support for the Rights of Immigrants in Western Europe." Lauren M. McLaren, University of Houston Disc: Mark Miller, University of Delaware

Panel 2-8 BURNHAM 2 THE NEW POLITICS OF THE LEFT IN LATIN AMERICA Chair Ilja A. Luciak, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Papers: "From the Jungle to the Stump: Guerrilla Parties in Latin America." Jeff Ryan, University of Arkansas "Progressive Politics in Latin America and the Caribbean After the 1994 Elections: A Preliminary Report." Eric Selbin, Southwestern University "Liberty, Democracy, and Justice and Their Meaning in the EZLN Revolution in Chiapas." Paul L. Clark, University of Illinois "Liberation Theology and Base Christian Communities: A Comparative Study of Brazil and Nicaragua." Meredith M. Dodd, Knox College Disc: Ilja A. Luciak, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Brian Smith, Ripon College

Panel 3-11 BURNHAM 4 TESTING FORMAL MODELS OF TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON FORMAL MODELLING) Chair: Raymond M. Duch, University of Houston Papers: "Consolidation and Legislative Coalitions: Models of Democratic Consolidation in Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia." Raymond M. Duch, University of Houston "Bounded Rationality, Unbounded Hopes: Viewing the 1989 Eastern European Pro-Democracy Movements as the Product of Adaptive Agents." Kevin M. Quinn, Washington University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 115

"From Democratic Transition to Consolidation: A Cross-Regional Analysis." Gretchen Casper and Michelle M. Taylor, Texas A&M University

"Spatial Models and the Study of Transitional Elections." Jay Dow, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Jakub Zielinski, University of Chicago

Panel 4-12 CLARK 5 FORMAL MODELS OF INTERNATIONAL PROCESSES Chair: Michael McGinnis, Indiana University Papers: •The Effect of Foreign Policy Statements on Foreign Nations and Domestic Electorates.• Alastair Smith, Washington University •Bargaining, Private Information and War.• Erik Gartzke, University of Iowa •Lining Up on Different Sides: A Study of Coalition Formation.• Mark N. Crislip, California State University, Fresno •International Bargaining Under the Shadow of the Electorate.• Yael Wolinsky, University of Chicago Disc: Michael McGinnis, Indiana University

Panel 4-17 SANDBURG 5 UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING Chair: Thomas Waters, University of Wisconsin, Platteville Papers: •The Imperial United Nations: Trusteeship, Peacekeeping, and World Order at Milennium’s End.• Jason Phillips, Johns Hopkins University •UN Peacekeeping in Cambodia and Bosnia-Herzegovina: U.S. Leadership in the New World Disorder.• Joseph U. Elston and Jonathan R. Strand, University of Nebraska "Peacekeeping: A Reader's Guide." Ryan Hendrickson, University of Nebraska. •The Expansion of the Blue Berets: Peacemaking and the Deterrents to Peacekeeping.• Tonya M. James, Loyola University of Chicago Disc: Thomas Waters, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Panel 6-10 SANDBURG 7 RACIAL POLITICS Chair: Franklin Gilliam, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: •Does Local News Coverage of Crime Affect Racial Stereotypes?• Franklin Gilliam and Adam Simon, University of California, Los Angeles •Would You Vote for Colin Powell?• April Gresham and Robert Maranto, Lafayette College •'Science and Empire' Revisited: Public Opinion on AIDS in the African-American Community?• Taeku Lee, University of Chicago Disc: Tali Mendelberg, Princeton University

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 116

Panel 7-17 CLARK 10 THE ELECTORAL IMPACT OF THE ECONOMY, I Chair: Gregory Markus, University of Michigan Papers: •Reexamining the Pocketbook Voting Thesis in Congressional Elections: An Individual-Level Analysis, 1980-1990.• David Romero and Stephen J. Stambough, University of California, Riverside •A Multilevel Approach to Economic Voting.• Marco R. Steenbergen, Carnegie Mellon University •Asymmetric Learning and the Transmission of Inflation Expectations.• James Granato, Michigan State University, and George A. Krause, University of South Carolina Disc: Gregory Markus, University of Michigan

Panel 7-21 DEARBORN 1 INFORMATION AND ELECTORAL CHOICE Chair: Kathleen Knight, University of Houston Papers: •Voter Information in Senate Elections.• Benjamin Highton, University of California, Berkeley •The Role of Information in Economic Assessment and Vote Choice.• David Moon, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs •Distinguishing Between Endogenous and Exogenous Issue Preferences.• Greg D. Adams, University of Iowa •Candidate Gender as a Low-Information Voting Cue.• Monika L. McDermott, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Kathleen Knight, University of Houston

Panel 8-10 PDR 18 MEDIA HEGEMONY Chair: Lisa McGlaughlin, University of Michigan "From Acceptance to Resistance: Searching for Closure and Openings in Media Hegemony." John M. Bublic, Kent State University "Leaders, Communication, and Co-Optation." Michael Duenes, University of Michigan "The Political Economy of Culture." Patricia M. Goff, Northwestern University "Theoretical and Empirical Distinctions Between Elite and Mass Media." Maurice J. Meilleur, Washington State University Disc: Lisa McGlaughlin, University of Michigan

Panel 9-1 DEARBORN 2 RESTORING THE CONVERSATION: JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU AND MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT Chair: Jane Mansbridge, Northwestern University Rousseau: Penny Weiss, Purdue University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 117

Wollstonecraft: Virginia Sapiro, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 9-7 LASALLE 5 "SYMBOLIC WOMEN" AND SUBSTANTIVE REPRESENTATION Chair: Mary Anne Borrelli, Connecticut College Papers: "Gender Empowerment: The Impact of Women Representing Women." Angela High-Pippert and John Comer, University of Nebraska "Feminists and American Legislative Politics: Keeping the Outsiders Out." Laura R. Winsky Mattei, State University of New York, Buffalo "Gender Stereotypes and Decision Context in the Evaluation of Political Candidates." Penny Miller, University of Kentucky, Todd Shields, University of Arkansas, Ellen Riggle and Mitzi Johnson, University of Kentucky Disc: Susan L. Roberts, Davidson College

Panel 10-9 DEARBORN 3 SYMBOLIC POLITICS: IMAGES OF RACE AND ETHNICITY Chair: Huey Perry, Southern University Papers: "Pictoral Stimuli and Measurement of Racial Attitudes: An Exploratory Look." Fred Slocum, University of Iowa "Who Do You Believe?: Race, Class, Gender, Ethnicity and the Clarence Thomas Confirmation Hearings." Nicole Krassas, University of Iowa "The Foundations of Public Opinion Toward Immigration: Self-Interest, Group Conflict or Symbolic Politics?" Sharmaine Vidanage and David Sears, University of California, Los Angeles "Publishing Race: The Use of Race in Political Science Journals." Will Miller, University of Arkansas, and Patrick Kelly, St. Louis University Disc: Keith Boeckelman, Louisiana State University

Panel 11-12 SANDBURG 3 CULTURAL PLURALISM AND TOLERATION Chair: James Johnson, University of Rochester Papers: •The Plural Self: A Psychology for Toleration?• Ingrid Creppell, University of Chicago •Why Respect Culture?• James Johnson, University of Rochester •How Critical is the Procedural Theory of Democracy?• Kevin Olson, Northwestern University •No Escape: The Question of Boundaries and Communities in a Discourse of SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 118

Rights.• Paul A. Passavant, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Joseph Heath, Northwestern University

Panel 12-8 LASALLE 2 IS EARLY MONEY LIKE YEAST? Chair: Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Ohio State University Papers: "War Chests and Challenger Quality." Jay Goodliffe, University of Rochester "Campaign Fund-Raising During the Pre-Primary Period of the Presidential Nomination Process." Philip Paolino, Georgetown University Disc: Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Ohio State University

Panel 13-7 LASALLE 3 FORMAL MODELS OF BUDGETARY POLITICS Chair: Sharyn O'Halloran, Columbia University Papers: "Balanced Budget Laws, Intertemporal Efficiency, and Costly Information." Robert C. Lowry, Michigan State University, and James E. Alt, Harvard University "Testing Competing Models of Executive-Congressional Bargaining over Appropriations." Jeffrey Milyo, Tufts University "Presidential Pork: The Role of the Executive Veto in the Distribution and Size of Federal Expenditures." Nolan M. McCarty, University of Southern California Disc: Garry Young, University of Missouri, Columbia

Panel 15-4 MONTROSE 1 PRESIDENTIAL POLITICS AND THE NEW CONGRESS Chair: Mark A. Peterson, University of Pittsburgh Papers: "The President in a More Partisan Legislative Arena." Richard Fleisher, Fordham University, and Jon R. Bond, Texas A&M University "President Clinton and the New Democrats, 1993-94." Jon F. Hale, University of Oklahoma "Presidential Success in the Post-Reform Congress." Rhonda Kinney, Eastern Michigan University "Conflict in the Confirmation of District and Appellate Court Judges." Russell Lightfoot, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Disc: Mark A. Peterson, University of Pittsburgh Steven A. Shull, University of New Orleans

Panel 16-7 PDR 16 PARTY COALITIONS IN CONGRESS Chair: The Honorable Mickey Edwards, Harvard University Papers: "The Effects of External Political Factors on Minority Party House Leadership." Christina Fastnow, University of Iowa "Legislative Leviathan and the U.S. Senate, 1873-1933." Richard Forgette, Miami University, and Brian R. Sala, University of Illinois SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 119

"Explaining Policy Stability in the United States: Divided Government or Partisanship in the House?" David Jones, University of California, Los Angeles "Partisanship and Procedural Choice: Institutional Change in the Early Congress, 1789 to 1823." Sarah Binder, Brookings Institution and University of Minnesota "Democratic Party Leadership in the Senate: Responses and Strategies in an Era of Uncertainty." Sean Q. Kelly, East Carolina University Disc: Michael J. Malbin, SUNY-Albany

Panel 17-12 LASALLE 1 ROUNDTABLE ON RETHINKING CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY IN THE CLASSROOM Chair: James R. Bowers, St. John Fisher College Participants: Stephen Daniels, American Bar Foundation Thomas R. Hensley, Kent State University David O'Brien, University of Virginia

Panel 17-15 MONTROSE 7 NEW APPROACHES TO GENDER AND THE COURTS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) Chair: Barbara Hayler, Sangamon State University Papers: "Gender and Cultural Diversity and the Effects upon Group Cohesion in American Appellate Courts: A Longitudinal Analysis." Nancy Clayton and Dean Kahler, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale "The Multiple Dimensions of an Ethic of Care: An Analysis of Legal Briefs in Johnson Controls." Francis Carleton, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay "Battered Women and the Law: A Non-Syndrome Approach to the Problem of Battering." Donald Downs and Evan Gerstmann, University of Wisconsin, Madison "Race, Gender, and Decision Making in the Federal Courts." Susan B. Haire and Leigh Calhoun, University of North Carolina, Greensboro Disc: Judith Baer, Texas A&M University

Panel 18-8 MONTROSE 2 RESEARCH ON STATE AND LOCAL TAXING AND SPENDING POLICY Chair: Lee Pinkney, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Papers: "Fiscal Pressure and the Politics of Tax Increment Financing in Michigan." Robert Peters and William Rieske, Western Michigan University "Parties Do Make a Difference When Parties Differ: Government Growth and Party Polarization." Steven Procopio, Louisiana State University "Reconsidering the Impact of State Fiscal Caps." Tyson King-Meadows, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 120

Disc: Gregory Hager, University of Kentucky Lee Pinkney, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill

Panel 19-9 MONTROSE 3 EDUCATIONAL INNOVATIONS -- EFFORTS AND IMPACTS Chair: Jeffrey R. Henig, Center for Washington Area Studies Papers: "Linking Federal Title I Reform to the Inner-city Classrooms: Impact on Resource Allocation and Instructional Practice." Kenneth Wong and Gail Sunderman, University of Chicago "Determinants of Educational Change in Michigan: Assessing Alternative Models of the Policy-making Process." Michael Mintrom and Sandra Vergari, Michigan State University

"Impacts of School District Size and Class Size: An Empirical Study of Public Choice Theory in the State of Tennessee." Sung Roe Lee, University of Tennessee Disc: Jeffrey R. Henig, George Washington University Kevin Smith, University of Nebraska

Panel 20-15 SANDBURG 2 GENDER, CLASS AND PUBLIC POLICY Chair: Ralph Baker, Ball State University Papers: •It Matters or It Doesn't: Class Bias and Fiscal Policy in the American States.• David F. Steele, III, University of Notre Dame •The Politics of Gay and Lesbian Rights: Expanding the Scope of Conflict.• Donald Haider-Markel and Kenneth Meier, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee •The Manhart Decision - Risk, Gender and Pensions: Has It Had Any Impact?• Anthony Stanislawski, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: Ralph Baker, Ball State University Fred Meyer, Ball State University

Panel 20-17 SANDBURG 6 THE STATUS OF GAYS AND LESBIANS IN THE PROFESSION Chair: Michael A. Jogerst, University of Iowa Papers: •The Status of Lesbians and Gays in the Profession.• Kenneth S. Sherrill, Hunter College, and Martha A. Ackelsberg, Smith College •Sexual Identity in Bi-racial Coalitions.• Robert W. Bailey, Rutgers University, Camden Disc: Robert Dion, Indiana University

Panel 21-9 SANDBURG 8 CURRENT RESEARCH IN STATE AND LOCAL BUDGETING SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm 121

Chair: Kurt Thurmaier, University of Kansas Papers: "The Changing Roles of Budget Offices and Budgeteers: A Comparison of Midwest and Southeast States." Kurt Thurmaier, University of Kansas, and Katherine Willoughby, Georgia State University "Budgeting for Accountability." Irene Rubin, Northern Illinois University "Triggers to City Fiscal Action." Michael Pagano and Andrew Dudas, Miami University "Balanced Budget Constraints in State and Local Government: Myth or Reality?" Daniel Mullins, University of Indiana Disc: Eric Sexton, University of Kansas

122

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm

Panel 1-13 BURNHAM 1 LEGITIMACY, COMPLIANCE, AND THE ROOTS OF JUSTICE: CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW) Chair: Peter D. Russell, University of Toronto Papers: "Judicial Legitimacy: Public Sources and General Paradigms." Gad Barzilai, Tel Aviv University "The Legal Culture of Europe: Explorations and Explanations." James L. Gibson, University of Houston, and Gregory A. Caldeira, Ohio State Univ. "Authority, Compliance, and Justice Judgments: Comparisons of the United States, Germany, and Hong Kong." E. Allan Lind, American Bar Foundation, Tom Tyler and Yuen Huo, University of California, Berkeley "The Struggle for Judicial Independence and the Transition Toward Democracy in Bulgaria." Albert P. Melone, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Disc: Peter D. Russell, University of Toronto

Panel 1-14 BURNHAM 5 TRADE UNIONS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: NEW DATA AND NEW THEORIES Chair: Geoffrey M. Garrett, Stanford University Papers: "Re-assessing the Corporatism-Economic Performance Nexus: The Impact of the Public Sector." Geoffrey M. Garrett and Christopher Way, Stanford University "Employers, Trade Unions, and Industrial Relations: A Data Report on 16 Countries Between 1950 and 1990." Miriam Golden, University of California, Los Angeles, and Michael Wallerstein, Northwestern University "Wage Bargaining, Monetary Regimes and Economic Performance." Torben Iversen, Harvard University Disc: Robert Franzese, Jr., Harvard University

Panel 1-16 PDR 16 LEGISLATIVE CHANGE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON LEGISLATIVE POLITICS) Chair: Michael Mezey, DePaul University Papers: "Of Time and Government Stability: By-Elections and Signal Processing." Mack C. Shelley, II, Iowa State University "Is There a Personal Vote in Germany? An Analysis of Constituency Service and the First-Ballot Voting Decision." Stephen Porter, University of Rochester "Intraparty Politics and Policy Change: The Fiscal Implications of Factional Control and Agenda Setting in Japan's LDP." Michael F. Thies, University of California, Los Angeles "Explaining Parliamentary Change in the House of Commons." Anthony Mughan and Roger Scully, Ohio State University Disc: Steven S. Smith, University of Minnesota SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 123

Panel 2-9 BURNHAM 2 LOCAL DIMENSIONS OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Chair: Maqsood Choudary, University of Missouri Papers: "Empowering the Localities: Decentralization of the State in Ghana." Dan McKwartin, Chicago State University "Rural Collective Economy in Rural Development in China." Weixing Chen, Old Dominion University "Technology and Asymmetries in the Construction of Sustainable Infrastructure: Governing and Managing Irrigation Systems in Nepal." Wai Fung Lam, Indiana University Disc: Maqsood Choudary, University of Missouri

Panel 3-10 BURNHAM 4 POLITICAL PARTIES IN TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION Chair: Kenneth Janda, Northwestern University Papers: "Structural Weaknesses in the Democratic Political Parties of the Russian Federation." Richard Franklin, University of Akron "Political Parties and Interest Groups in the Transition toward Democracy in Russia: Origins and Paradoxes of Development, 1991-1994." Andrei N. Nikitchenko, Florida International University "Coalition Politics in Post-Communist Europe: A Survey of Romanian Opposition Party Elites." Steven D. Roper, University of Missouri Disc: Kenneth Janda, Northwestern University Joel Moses, Iowa State University

Panel 4-11 CLARK 5 QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT Chair: Paul F. Diehl, University of Illinois Papers: •The Impact of Time and Interdependence on War Diffusion.• Kelly Kadera and Gerald Sorokin, University of Iowa •An Empirical Test of the Effect of the Distribution of Power.• Peggy Ann James and Kunihiko Imai, University of Wisconsin, Parkside •Poverty, Regimes, and the Use of Force.• Jeffrey Pickering and William R. Thompson, Indiana University •Anatomy of Wars: Military and Diplomatic Dimensions of 20 Interstate Wars.• Tansa George Massoud, Bucknell University Disc: Paul F. Diehl, University of Illinois

Panel 5-9 CLARK 7 PROSPECTS FOR GLOBAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION Chair: Charles Lipson, University of Chicago SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 124

Papers: "Diminished Giant or Vanguard for Liberalization?: The U.S. in International Trade, 1950-1990." Robert Blanton, University of South Carolina "The Collision of the Changing Global Economy and Firm-Level Demands for Liberalization in the International Airline Industry." Scott E. Tarry and Lawrence J. Truitt, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale "Trade Conflict in Agricultural Subsidies: A Game Theoretic Analysis of US-EU Debates in the Uruguay Round." Sam Cartwright, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Kendall W. Stiles, Loyola University of Chicago Horace Bartilow, University of Dayton

Panel 6-11 SANDBURG 7 PERSONALITY AND POLITICS Chair: Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College Papers: •Complex or Simplex? The Effects of Personality on the Behavior of U.S. Supreme Court Justices.• James Audette and Mark Kemper, Ohio State University •Personality Type and Political Ideology.• Robert E. Elder and Craig Monette, Hope College •Birth Order Theory: An Idea in Search of Data.• Alan Arwine, Southern Illinois University Disc: Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College

Panel 6-14 SANDBURG 5 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING Chair: Kent Tedin, University of Houston Papers: •Generational Conflict over Aging Policy.• Laurie Rhodebeck, State University of New York, Buffalo •Aging and Conservatism: A Reexamination.• R. Steven Daniels, University of Alabama, Birmingham, and Carolyn L. Clark-Daniels, Iowa State University •Age Differences in Political Decision Making.• Ellen Riggle, Mitzi Johnson, and Barry Tadlock, University of Kentucky Disc: Kent Tedin, University of Houston

Panel 7-10 DEARBORN 1 THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Chair: Peter W. Wielhouwer, University of Georgia Papers: •The Effects of Neighborhood Poverty on African-American Political Efficacy and Participation or Nothing to Fear from (the Study of) Contextual Effects.• Harvey Prieto Schuckman, University of Michigan •The Consequences of Place: The Changing Geographic Structure of Economic and Social Contexts in Rochester, NY and Their Impact on Voter Turnout.• Barbara A. Dinehart, State University of New York, Albany •Politics by Any Means: Protest Activity in America.• Susan Craig, Rutgers University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 125

•Workplace Democracy and Political Participation.• Paul Freedman and Steven J. Rosenstone, University of Michigan Disc: Peter W. Wielhouwer, University of Georgia

Panel 7-18 CLARK 10 THE ELECTORAL IMPACT OF THE ECONOMY, II Chair: Christopher Wlezien, University of Houston Papers: •Race, Gender, and Economic Voting.• Charles E. Menifield and Scott D. Ward, University of Missouri, Columbia •Economic Expectations and the Political Business Cycle in the United States.• Matthew Ladner, University of Houston •It's Not Just the Economy (and Don't Call Me Stupid).• John Rattliff, Duke University Disc: Christopher Wlezien, University of Houston

Panel 8-11 PDR 18 CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICAL MEDIA Chair: Roderick P. Hart, University of Texas Papers: "Culture, Crime Shows, and Television: Evidence of Cultural Theory on Network Programming." Allan McBride, Grambling State University "Deconstructing the Surface: An Analysis of Newsweek and Time Magazines' Coverage of Feminism." Ingrid Riedle, Purdue University Disc: Roderick P. Hart, University of Texas

Panel 9-12 DEARBORN 2 GENDER GAPS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD FEMINISM Chair: Lynne E. Ford, College of Charleston Papers: "The 'Political Efficacy Gender Gap' and American Ethnoreligious Traditions." David F. Steele III, University of Notre Dame "Gender, Occupational Stratification, and Political Attitudes." Gertrude A. Steuernagel, Thom Yantek and Irene Barnett, Kent State University "The New Right vs. the Radical Left: The Feminist Perspective in Mainstream America." Sandra Riegle, Illinois State University Disc: Kathleen Dolan, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh

Panel 10-10 DEARBORN 3 RACE AND THE MOVEMENTS OF THE SIXTIES: WHAT WE'VE LEARNED Chair: Carol Leach, Chicago State University Papers: "Race and Identity in the U.S. Anti-Apartheid Movement: Multiple Lineages and Uncertain Linkages, 1964-1976." Evalyn Tennant, University of Chicago SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 126

"Race in the Development of U.S. Welfare Policy: AFDC in 1962 and 1967." Scott Spitzer, Columbia University "Civil Rights Comes to the Confederacy: A Political and Historical Analysis of the Civil Rights Movement in Richmond, Virginia: 1960-1967." Lewis A. Randolph, Ohio University "Difference and Equality: African-Americans and Women in the Military." Mary Lou Kendrigan, Lansing Community College Disc: Louis DeSipio, Mount Holyoke College Christine LeVeaux Sharp, Louisiana State University

Panel 11-10 SANDBURG 3 LIBERALISM AND RIGHTS Chair: Judith L. Failer, Indiana University Papers: •Qualified Rights.• Judith L. Failer, Indiana University •Liberalism and Stability: The Maintenance of Liberty and the Environment.• Susan Liebell, University of Chicago •Thin Perfectionism, Thick Neutrality: Toward a Viable Liberalism.• Aaron Knight, Texas A&M University Disc: Jonathan Riley, Tulane University

Panel 12-9 LASALLE 2 SURVEY METHODS AND APPLICATIONS Chair: John Brehm, Duke University Papers: "The Influence of Value Conflict on Responses to Balanced Survey Questions." Jill Glather, State University of New York, Stony Brook "Accounting for Intensity and Intransitivity in the Measurement of Party Identification." Dennis W. Gleiber and Robert T. Sims, Univ. of New Orleans "The Use of Monetary Incentives with Low Response Rate Populations in Panel Surveys." Valerie Martinez, Kenneth Goodwin, University of North Texas, Laura Perna, University of Michigan, and Joan McLean, Ohio Wesleyan College "A Social-Structural versus an Individual-Attributional Perspective on Political Phenomena: Social Network Methods in the Study of Political Influence." David Lazer, University of Michigan Disc: John Brehm, Duke University

Panel 14-10 LASALLE 5 PARTIES, PARTISANSHIP, AND PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS Chair: William C. Binning, Youngstown State University Papers: "Forecasting Presidential Nominations." Randall E. Adkins and Andrew Dowdle, Miami University "Suburbia: The Key to the Republican Realignment in the South?" H. Gibbs Knotts, Emory University "Reclassification of Independent Voters: Positive and Negative Dimensionality." Marci Lichtl, University of New Orleans SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 127

Disc: Jonathan P. Euchner, Missouri Western State College

Panel 15-10 MONTROSE 1 PRESIDENTIAL STRATEGIES AND POLICIES Chair: Darrell M. West, Brown University Papers: "The President and the Congress: Going Public versus Public Approval." Ken Collier, University of Kansas "Presidential Management of Public Fears: The Aftermath of Created Crises." Arthur W. Rohloff, Jr., Texas Tech University "President Clinton, Public Opinion, and Gays in the Military." Clyde Wilcox and Robin M. Wolpert, Georgetown University Disc: Philip J. Powlick, DePauw University Darrell M. West, Brown University

Panel 17-10 MONTROSE 7 NEW PERSPECTIVES ON STATE JUDICIAL RESEARCH Chair: Paul A. Sracic, Youngstown State University Papers: "Trends in Contemporary Judicial Elections." Paul Brace and Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee "Organized Interests in State Courts: Group Responses to the New Judicial Federalism." Donald J. Farole, Jr., Indiana University "The Intersection of Law, Politics, and Policy: Legal Services for the Poor in the American Courts, 1965-1994." John C. Kilwein, West Virginia University "Explaining State Rates of Pre-Certiorari Amicus Curiae Participation." Eric N. Waltenburg, Purdue University, and Bill Swinford, University of Richmond Disc: Steven Puro, St. Louis University

Panel 17-13 LASALLE 1 COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR Chair: Barbara Yarnold, Florida International University Papers: "A Personal Attributes Model of Decision Making on the Supreme Court of India, 1954-90." Malia Reddick, Michigan State University "The Canadian Supreme Court and the Attitudinal Model: Criminal Rights Cases Under the Charter of Rights & Freedoms." Cindy Ostberg, University of the Pacific, and Matthew E. Wetstein, California State University, Stanislaus "Leadership and Influence on the Canadian Supreme Court." Shannon Ishiyama Smithey, University of Pittsburgh "American Influences on the Development of Canadian Affirmative Action Law." Sandra Clancy, University of Toronto Disc: Charles Epp, Indiana University

Panel 18-11 MONTROSE 2 THE STATES AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS Chair: Bradley C. Canon, University of Kentucky SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 128

Papers: "When Not in Rome, Must We Still Do As the Romans Do? Questions of Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations Surrounding Hawaii's Possible Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages." John P. Feldmeier, Miami University "State Courts and the Right to Die." Deanna Harton, Illinois State University "The Search for Individual Rights in Reapportionment." Michael Fine, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire Disc: Chuck Smith, West Virginia State College Donna LeFebvre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Panel 19-10 MONTROSE 3 INSTITUTIONAL EFFORTS TO IMPROVE MINORITY REPRESENTATION Chair: Norman R. Luttbeg, Texas A&M University Papers: "Cumulative Voting and Minority Candidates: An Analysis of the 1991 Peoria City Council Elections." Larry T. Aspin and William K. Hall, Bradley University "Urban Politics and Cumulative Voting: Results of Recent Experiences." Robert Brischetto, Southwest Voter Research Institute, Richard Cole, University of Texas, Arlington, Richard Engstrom, University of New Orleans, and Delbert A. Taebel, University of Texas, Arlington "Yet Another Look At the Impact of District Rather Than At-Large Elections on Minority Representation in Municipal Councils." Norman R. Luttbeg, Texas A&M University Disc: Thomas Longoria, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Gary Halter, Texas A&M University

Panel 20-3 SANDBURG 2 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY POLICY PERSPECTIVES Chair: Barry Rabe, University of Michigan Papers: •Rethinking Environmental Regulation: Assessing Critiques of Environmental Regulation.• Gary Bryner, Brigham Young University •A Question of Equity: Distributional Consequences of Economic Incentives in Pollution Control.• Evan J. Ringquist, Florida State University •The Role of Expertise and Experience in Shaping the Environmental Policy Perspectives of Scientists.• Richard Barke, Georgia Institute of Technology, Hank Jenkins-Smith and Carol Silva, University of New Mexico •State Regulation and Innovation in Environmental Policy.• Alka Sapat, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: William Lowry, Washington University Barry Rabe, University of Michigan

Panel 20-13 SANDBURG 6 AGENDA SETTING AND POLICY PROBLEMS Chair: Charles Elder, Wayne State University Papers: •Focusing Events, Agenda Setting, and Change in Policy Communities.• Thomas Birkland, University of Washington •Agenda Setting and Social Citizenship.• Alba Alexander, Univ. of Chicago SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1:30-3:15 pm 129

•Agenda Setting to Innovation: A Demonstration of Linkage through Event History Analysis.• Henry Glick, Florida State University, and Scott Hays, Southern Illinois University •Reexamining Theories of Executive Agenda-Building: The Evolution of White House Energy Policy.• James Vedda and Walter Rosenbaum, University of Florida Disc: Charles Elder, Wayne State University Panel 22-5 SANDBURG 4 ROUNDTABLE ON EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION Chair: Sally Mitchell Edwards, University of Louisville Part: "Helping Interns Find the Right Placement." John C. Berg, Suffolk University "Using Off-Campus Services to Place Interns Off-Campus." Glen A. Halva- Neubauer, Furman University "Mock Trials as an Experiential Educational Experience." Don Racheter, Central College "Service Learning as a Class Requirement" Jocelyn Shadforth, University of Louisville SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm

Panel 1-10 BURNHAM 1 CHANGES IN POST-UNIFICATION GERMANY Chair: Marilyn Hoskin, State University of New York, Buffalo Papers: "Privatization in the Eastern Germany: Forms and Consequences." Donald M. Hancock, Vanderbilt University "Coalition Behavior of the German Green Party in the German Laender." Brian L. Kessel, University of Iowa "Regionalism and Nationalism in the Unified Germany." Patrick Altdorfer, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Manfred P. Kuechler, Hunter College Roberta S. Sigel, Rutgers University

Panel 2-10 BURNHAM 2 CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNDERSTANDING ELITE DECISION MAKING Chair: Clark Gibson, Indiana University Papers: "Third World Governments and Decision Making: The Impact of International Organizations on Refugee Policy Making." Jolene Kay Jesse, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee "Conservation Under Dictators: The Politics of Structural Choice in Zambian Wildlife Policy." Clark Gibson, Indiana University "The Quest for 'Two-Level' Legitimacy: Fair Elections and Authoritarian Regimes." Darren Hawkins, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Jackie Smith, University of Notre Dame

Panel 3-3 BURNHAM 4 SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 130

ARE THERE CROSS-NATIONAL REQUISITES OF DEMOCRACY? Chair: Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa Papers: "The Domestic Context of Democratic Transition in the Third World: The Role of Socio-Economic, Domestic Conflict and Political Factors." Bindu K. Gangadharan, Knox College "The 'Requisites' of Democracy in Latin America: A Quantitative Analysis." David K. Jesuit, Loyola University of Chicago "The Sufficient Condition of Democracy: Civil Society." Young-Min Kim, Binghamton University "The Fate of Premature Democracies: The Promotion of Development or Political-Cultural Factors?" Alan Siaroff, University of British Columbia Disc: Gretchen Casper, Texas A&M University Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa

Panel 4-3 BURNHAM 5 THE DEMOCRATIC PEACE AND THE CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS Chair: Paul R. Hensel, University of Illinois Papers: •A Reexamination of the Effect of Executive Constraints on the Democratic Peace.• Marilyn Grobschmidt, Indiana University

•Democracy, Liberalism, and the Future of the East.• Bear Braumoeller, University of Michigan •A Civilization in the Post-Cold War World: An Empirical Analysis of Huntington’s •Clash of Civilizations.’• Jennifer Mann, University of Utah, and Peter Steen, University of South Carolina Disc: Paul R. Hensel, University of Illinois

Panel 4-10 CLARK 5 A REEXAMINATION OF PROMINENT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORISTS Chair: Kathryn C. Lavelle, Northwestern University Papers: •Karl Popper and International Relations.• Philip Benesch, University of Delaware and Albert Dalmolen, Mansfield University •Real Realism and the International Interaction Game.• Michael J. Licari, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee •International Relations Theory and the Transformation of the International System.• Janeen Klinger, Franklin and Marshall College Disc: Kathryn C. Lavelle, Northwestern University

Panel 6-12 SANDBURG 7 GENDER EFFECTS IN CAMPAIGNS (CO-SPONSORED WITH THE SECTION ON WOMEN AND POLITICS) Chair: Doris Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago Papers: •Retaliation as a Form of Negative Voting: Voter Reaction to the Hill-Thomas Hearings.• Robin M. Wolpert, Georgetown University, and James Gimpel, SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 131

University of Maryland •What's the Issue? Evaluations of Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill.• Virginia Sapiro and Joe Soss, University of Wisconsin, Madison •Public Opinion, Marriage Partners, and Political Communication Between Intimates.• Robert Huckfeldt, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Paul A. Beck, Ohio State University and Russell Dalton, University of California, Irvine Disc: Michael X. Delli Carpini, Columbia University

Panel 6-16 SANDBURG 5 INFORMATION AND CITIZENSHIP Chair: Robert Luskin, University of Texas Papers: •Political Awareness in Comparative Perspective.• Michael A. Dimock and Sam Popkin, University of California, San Diego •Can Collective Opinion Redeem an Ill-Informed Public.• Scott Althaus, Northwestern University •News That Doesn't Matter: Entertainment, the Mass Media and Political Sophistication.• Kris Seago, University of Texas Disc: Robert Luskin, University of Texas

Panel 7-16 DEARBORN 1 REFERENDUM VOTING Chair: Andrew Skalaban, University of California, Davis Papers: •The European Union Referendum in Norway.• Per Arnt Pettersen, University of Trondheim •Policymaking by Popular Consensus: Local Referendum Elections.• James Endersby, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Andrew Skalaban, University of California, Davis

Panel 7-19 CLARK 10 ALIGNMENT AND REALIGNMENT IN AMERICA Chair: Lindsey Lee, Michigan State University Papers: •The 'Revolt of the City' Reconsidered: Stories of the New Deal Realignment in Connecticut, 1916-1940.• John William Burns, University of Connecticut •Conceptual and Methodological Innovations in the Study of Conversion and Mobilization During Realignments: The New Deal in Boston as a Test Case.• William Claggett, Florida State University •A Path Dependent Approach to the Study of Realignments.• Rorie L. Spill and Peter M. Radcliffe, Ohio State University Disc: Lindsey Lee, Michigan State University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 132

Panel 8-12 PDR 18 LEARNING FROM THE MEDIA DURING THE CAMPAIGN Chair: Santa Traugott, University of Michigan Papers: "Information, Political Predispositions, and Changing Attitudes During the 1992 Presidential Election." Lynn Vavreck, University of Rochester "News Coverage and Learning about Candidates: A 'Direct Effects and Individual-Level Conditions' Model." Donna Wassermann, University of Michigan, Dearborn "Campaign Information and Political Inferences: The Informed Voter Reconsidered." Karen Callaghan, University of Massachusetts, Boston, and Milton Lodge, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Santa Traugott, University of Michigan

Panel 9-10 DEARBORN 2 GENDER, ELECTORAL OPPORTUNITIES, AND PERSISTENCE Chair: David Lublin, University of South Carolina Papers: "Financing the Campaigns of Women Candidates for the State House." Brian L. Werner, St. John's University "Electoral Opportunities and Women Candidates." Bernadette Nye and Joanne Bay Brzinski, Emory University "Female and Minority Incumbent Careers in the U.S. House of Representatives: A Longitudinal Analysis." Rachelle Aved and Joan Blauwkamp, University of Iowa

"Did We Get More Than One 'Year of the Woman'? Defending and Expanding the Victories of 1992 in U.S. House of Representatives' Elections of 1994." Barbara Burrell, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Christine B. Williams, Bentley College

Panel 10-11 DEARBORN 3 MULTI-CULTURALISM, CONFLICT AND INCLUSION Chair: Wayne Parent, Louisiana State University Papers: "Multiculturalism and the Deterioration of Group Status: The New Politics of Cultural Pluralism in Canada." Jeffrey Ayres, Lake Superior State University "Erasure: The Political Strategy of Inclusion." Carl E. Briscoe, Jr., Western Illinois University "Let the Good Times Unroll in Southwest Louisiana: Music and Conflict Between Cajun and Black Creole Communities." Mark Mattern, Chapman University Disc: Pamela Stricker, University of California, Riverside John R. Martin, Moravian College

SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 133

Panel 11-9 SANDBURG 3 HOBBES AND HUME: LIBERALISM, JUSTICE AND CITIZENSHIP Chair: William J. Meyer, University of Michigan, Flint Papers: •Freedom as Motion: Thomas Hobbes and the Images of Liberalism.• Leslie Feldman, Hofstra University •Deliberative Citizenship in Hobbes' Leviathan.• Eric L. Forsman, Johns Hopkins University •Of Rowboats and Benevolence: David Hume's Non-Contractarian Liberalism.• Mark Yellin, Rutgers University •Hume's Theory of Justice.• Andrew Valls, Morehouse College Disc: William J. Meyer, University of Michigan, Flint

Panel 12-10 LASALLE 2 ATTENTION TO THE TEXT Chair: Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: "Quantitative Content Analysis." Craig C. Hagensick, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee "DOA or Here to Stay? The Use of Alternative Methodologies in Public Administration Research, 1948-1994." Lisa A. Zanetti and Sissie Hadjiharalambous, University of Tennessee Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 14-8 LASALLE 5 U.S. POLITICAL PARTIES Chair: Sean J. Savage, Saint Mary's College Papers: "Constituent Change as an Explanation of Republican Policy on Civil Rights, 1888-1900." Thomas F. Bayer, University of Notre Dame "Is Partisanship Academic? Party Identification and Decision Making in University Governing Boards." Cynthia Duquette and David Adamany, Wayne State University "Political Parties and Political Preferences Under the First State Constitutions, 1776-1788." Michael Layton, Duke University "Are the Parties Getting Smarter?" Geoffrey D. Peterson, University of Iowa Disc: Robert Boatright, University of Chicago

Panel 15-9 MONTROSE 1 THE SEPARATED SYSTEM AND ITS EFFECTS Chair: Christopher J. Bosso, Northeastern University Papers: "Political Institutions and Federal Deficit Policy." David Colnic and Richard C. Witmer II, University of Arizona "Executive Vetos and Congressional Concessions." Charles M. Cameron and Yuen Kwok, Columbia University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 134

"Divided Government, Political Business Cycles, and Budget Deficits." Richard S. Wike, Emory University "Presidential Influence on Congressional Committee Decisions: A Conceptual Framework." David E. Fitz, Macon College, and Stanley P. Berard, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Christopher J. Bosso, Northeastern University Wayne P. Steger, Iowa State University

Panel 16-16 PDR 16 ROLL CALLS AND IDEOLOGY Chair: John J. Coleman, University of Wisconsin, Madison "The Abortion Issue in Congress: Determinants of Voting Behavior in the U.S. House of Representatives." Jeanette M. Hercik, Council of Governors "Triple Play: Constituency, Elite and Public Opinions and Senate Role Call Voting." Eric M. Uslaner, University of Maryland "The Influence of Ideology on Congressional Votes: A Comparative Assessment of Foreign and Domestic Policy." Valerie A. Sulfaro, California State University, Fresno and University of South Carolina Disc: Cornell Hooton, Emory University

Panel 17-11 LASALLE 1 CIVIL LIBERTIES, CIVIL RIGHTS AND JUDICIAL POLICYMAKING Chair: Charles M. Lamb, State University of New York, Buffalo Papers: "The Environment in Court: The Supreme Court and Environmental Issues, 1970- 1990." Bradford S. Jones, University of Arizona "Scalia, Property, and Dolan v. Tigard: The Emergence of a Post Carolene Products Jurisprudence." David Schultz, University of Minnesota "On the Front Line and in the Trenches: An Empirical Analysis of Federal Trial Court Decision-Making in Housing Discrimination and School Desegregation Cases, 1968-89." Kimi Lynn King, Casi Davis, and Ewing Sikes, III, University of North Texas

"Two Competing Visions of Rights at the Crossroads of Reproductive Technologies: A Case of the Frozen Embryos." Nancy Kassop, SUNY at New Paltz Disc: Gerald N. Rosenberg, University of Chicago

Panel 18-9 MONTROSE 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE STATES Chair: Peter VanDoren, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Papers: "Decentralization of Environmental Enforcement: The Pennsylvania Air Quality Program." Douglas Camp Chaffey, Chatham College "Environmental Takings: Group Strategy and Participation in the Regulation of Private Property." Randolph R. Moffett, West Virginia University SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 135

"Underground and Out of View: The Politics and Process of Implementing Wellhead Protection Programs in the Great Lake States." Denise Scheberle and Kim Boggiatto, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay Disc: Bruce Williams, University of Illinois Albert Matheny, University of Florida

Panel 19-11 MONTROSE 3 THE POLITICS OF URBAN EDUCATION Chair: Jennifer Hochschild, Princeton University Papers: "Setting the Agenda: Problems, Perceptions and Priorities in Urban Education." Thomas Longoria, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, John Portz, Northeastern University and Bryan D. Jones, Texas A&M University "The Web of Local and Extra-Local Actors in Urban Education." Marion Orr, Duke University, Richard Hula, Michigan State University, Fernando Guerra, Loyola Marymount University and Mara Cohen, University of California, Los Angeles "Coalitions and Conflict in Urban Education." Rodney Hero, Susan Clarke, University of Colorado, John Hutcheson, Georgia State University, Carol Pierannunzi, Kennesaw State College and Robin Jones, University of Pittsburgh "Reform and Policy Effort in Urban Education." Jeffrey R. Henig, George Washington University, Luis Fraga, Bari Anhalt, Stanford University and Alan DiGaetano, Baruch College "Urban School Reform as a Decision Arena." Desiree Pedescleaux, Spelman College, Jorge Ruiz-de-Velasco, Stanford University, Lana Stein, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Clarence Stone, University of Maryland Disc: Fred Wirt, University of Illinois

Panel 20-16 SANDBURG 2 TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND PUBLIC POLICY Chair: Yong Lee, Iowa State University Papers: •Valuation of Benefits to Industry from University-Industry Collaboration: A Pilot Test at one ERC.• Linda Parker, National Science Foundation •Application of the Technology Audit Method at U.S. Defense Laboratories.• Alistair Bratt, ATLAS Group •Variation in Industrial Strategies for University-Firm Partnering.• Dianne Rahm, University of South Florida •Technology Transfer and Two Cultures in the University.• Yong Lee, Iowa State University Disc: Linda Brandt, National Defense University

Panel 21-10 SANDBURG 8 THE ADMINISTRATION OF HUMAN SERVICES: CLIENT EMPOWERMENT, CONSUMER CHOICE, AND PUBLIC VALUES SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 3:30-5:15 pm 136

Chair: Richard C. Elling, Wayne State University Papers: "Models for Supporting Consumer Choice by Persons With Disabilities." T. Lyke Thompson, Wayne State University, Sandra Herman, Michigan Department of Mental Health, Jacqueline Carroll, Charito H. Melesky, and Richard C. Elling, Wayne State University "Public Programs, Private Administration: Government Use of Nonprofit Organizations in the Delivery of Human Services." Deborah A. Auger, University of Delaware "Patterns and Predictors of Family Empowerment in a Program Serving Families of Children with Disabilities." Richard C. Elling, T. Lyke Thompson, Charito H. Melesky, Theodore Jurkiewicz, and Christian Lobb, Wayne State University "Patterns and Predictions of Family Empowerment in a Program Serving Families of Children with Disabilities." Canopy Roychoudhury, CULMA Disc: Raymond Rosenfeld, Eastern Michigan University

Panel 22-3 SANDBURG 4 FOUNDERS AND STATESMEN Chair: Clifford A. Bates, Jr., Brown University Papers: "Beating Bodies into One: Plutarch's Lycurgus." Jeff Stone, Grove City College "Xenophon's Cyrus and the Cult of Personality." Robert Phillips, Northern Illinois University "Aristotle on Founders." Clifford A. Bates, Jr., Northern Illinois University Disc: Elizabeth Talbot, Loyola University of Chicago Christopher Vasillopulous, Eastern Connecticut University

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PARTICIPANT INDEX

Abdulla, Louay 70 Ansolabehere, Steven 71, Baugh, Joyce A. 57 Aberbach, Joel D. 47 81 Baum, Lawrence 57 Abramson, Paul R. 69 Apodaca, Clair 103 Baumgartner, Frank R. Achen, Christopher 47, 87 Ardoin, Phillip 107 102, 110 Ackelsberg, Martha A. Arfi, Badredine 44 Bawn, Kathleen 65 117 Armstrong, Dlynn F. 78 Bayer, Thomas F. 128 Adamany, David 129 Arnhart, Larry 72 Beck, Linda J. 96, 103 Adams, Greg D. 113 Arnold, Laura W. 98 Beck, Nathaniel 56 Adkins, Randall E. 122 Arsneault, Shelly 48 Beck, Paul A. 63, 126 Adler, Edward Scott 66 Arwine, Alan 61, 120 Beckwith, Karen 55 Afendulis, Christopher C. Aspin, Larry T. 123 Benedetto, John 48 48 Assendelft, Laura van 72 Benesch, Philip 126 Afzal, Humaira 72 Audette, James 120 Benfanti, William J. 47 Agard, Derek 72 Auger, Deborah A. 131 Bennett, Ann 83 Agrios, Vivynne M. 98 Aved, Rachelle 127 Berard, Stanley P. 129 Aguilar, Edwin Eloy 77 Ayres, Jeffrey 128 Berg, John C. 107, 124 Ahnen, Ronald E. 61 Bacot, A. Hunter 88 Berge, J. C. Ten 79 Ahuja, Sunil 66 Baer, Denise L. 74 Berger, Mark M. 54 Ainsworth, Scott 48, 65 Baer, Judith 116 Bergerson, Peter J. 68 Aistrup, Joseph A. 68 Bailey, Jennifer 48 Bernhard, Michael 77 Albritton, Robert 69 Bailey, Michael E. 55, 82 Bernick, Lee 67 Aldrich, John 56, 70 Bailey, Robert W. 117 Bernstein, Jeffrey L. 79, Alexander, Alba 124 Baker, Ralph 92, 117 90 Alex-Assensoh, Yvette Baker, Regina 78 Berry, William D. 48, 75 105 Balla, Steven 109 Berthiaume, Kenneth P. Allsop, Dee 88 Banks, Christopher P. 85, 98 Alt, James E. 104, 115 93 Best, Samuel 45, 67 Altdorfer, Patrick 125 Banks, Manley Elliot 96 Betley, Charles L. 58 Althaus, Scott 82, 102, Barberio, Richard P. 79 Betz, Hans-Georg 110 110, 126 Barkan, Joel 103 Beyle, Thad 83 Altman, Micah 81 Barker, Trish 88 Bhattacharya, Mallika 58 Alvarez, R. Michael 54, 64 Barker, Twiley W. 84 Bianco, William T. 56 Amato, Tim 65 Barnett, Irene 121 Bickers, Ken 108 Ambrosius, Margery 108 Barrett, David 69, 70 Binder, Sarah 115 Anda, Michael 103 Barria, Lilian A. 95 Binning, William C. 122 Andersen, Kirsten 54 Barrilleaux, Charles 91 Birch, David E. 80, 105 Andersen, Kristi 46 Barth, Jay 83 Birch, Marcheta L. 80, 105 Anderson, Christopher J. Bartilow, Horace 120 Birkland, Thomas 124 69 Barton-Kriese, Paul 96 Biskowski, Lawrence J. 47 Anderson, James E. 65 Barzilai, Gad 118 Blair, William 107 Anderson, Jamie Jacobs Bass, Harold F., Jr. 107 Blakeman, John C. 104 61 Blanchard, Kenneth 59 Angelina, Edward 108 Bates, Clifford A., Jr. 131 Blanton, Robert 119 Anhalt, Bari 130 Bath, Michael 47 Blanton, Shannon Lindsey 170

103 128 Canon, David 54 Blasi, Gerald 103 Brody, Richard A. 74 Cantor, David 89 Blauwkamp, Joan 127 Brooks, Rachelle L. 63 Carleton, Francis 116 Bledsoe, Tim 80, 105 Brooks, Stephen C. 46, 83 Carmines, Edward G. 96 Blinn, Sean 69 Brophy-Baermann, Bryan Carpenter, Daniel P. 56 Bloom, Joel David 105 62 Carr, Kathleen 62 Boatright, Robert 129 Brophy-Baermann, Carr, T. R. 49 Bobic, Michael M. 90 Michelle 96 Carroll, Jacqueline 131 Boeckelman, Keith 75, Brown, Robert D. 71, 107 Carroll, Susan J. 63 114 Browne, William P. 56 Cartwright, Sam 120 Boggiatto, Kim 130 Bruce, John M. 88, 107 Cartwright, Shari L. 45 Bohte, John 57 Brunell, Thomas L. 45 Casey, Gregory 99 Bokowski, Debrah 72 Bruner, Scott 88 Cason, Jeff 69 Boles, Janet 64, 99 Bryner, Gary 124 Caspary, William 55 Bonchek, Mark S. 65 Brzana, Chris 85, 93 Casper, Gretchen 111, Bond, Jon R. 115 Brzinski, Joanne Bay 111, 125 Booth, John A. 51, 60, 77 127 Cauthen, James N. G. 57 Borrelli, Mary Anne 107, Bublic, John M. 113 Cavender, Amy L. 72 114 Budzisz, Christopher 85, Cerny, Karl H. 111 Borrelli, Stephen A. 61 93 Cetinyan, Rupen 44 Bosso, Christopher J. 129 Bullock, Charles 88 Chaffey, Douglas Camp Bosworth, Matthew H. 57 Bundt, Julie L. 49 130 Böttger, Jörg 86 Burden, Barry C. 62 Chard, Richard 109 Boucher, Robert L. 74, Burgin, Eileen 82 Chaturvedi, Rashni 96 107 Burke, Tom 68 Chen, Weixing 119 Bowen, Lauren 99 Burkhart, Ross E. 45 Chilton, Stephen 53 Bowers, James R. 116 Burns, John William 127 Chisolm, Donald 91 Box-Steffensmeier, Janet Burns, Nancy 63 Choate, Judd 48 M. 114 Burrell, Barbara 63, 76, Choudary, Maqsood 52, Box-Steffensmeier, Janet 128 119 M. 98 Busch, Ronald J. 102, 110 Christian, Cindy M. 70 Boykin, Scott 105 Buschman, Joan K. 79 Christy, Carol 55 Boynton, G. R. 46 Bushouse, Brenda 99 Cigler, Allan 73 Brace, Paul 91, 123 Caiazza, Amy 80 Bradley, Robert C. 48, 88 Caiazzo, Thomas A. 122 Cingranelli, David Louis Brady, Henry 47, 79 Caldeira, Gregory A. 74, 103 Brandt, Linda 131 118 Claggett, William 127 Bratt, Alistair 130 Calhoun, Leigh 116 Clancy, Sandra 123 Brattebo, Douglas M. 98 Callaghan, Karen 127 Clark, John A. 107 Braumoeller, Bear 126 Cameron, Charles M. 74, Clark, Mary 93, 94 Breaux, J. Cne 59 129 Clark, Paul L. 111 Brehm, John 64, 122 Camobreco, John 67 Clark, Terry N. 83 Brennan, Kevin 52 Campbell, Colin 47 Clarke, Susan 130 Brians, Craig Leonard 87 Campbell, James E. 56, Clark-Daniels, Carolyn L. Brierly, Allen 75, 84, 108 57, 74 49, 120 Brischetto, Robert 124 Canon, Bradley C. 74, Clawson, Rosalee 78 Briscoe, Carl E., Jr. 64, 123 Clayton, Nancy 116 171

Clinton, Robert L. 82 Dalton, Russell 63, 126 Donnay, Patrick 107 Cobane, Craig T. 106 Damask, Nicholas A. 106 Donovan, Mark 105 Cobb, Michael 70, 96 Danford, John 72 Dorussen, Han 53, 86, 87 Coggins, Jay S. 106 Daniels, R. Steven 120 Dow, Jay 112 Coglianese, Cary 98 Daniels, Stephen 116 Dowdle, Andrew 122 Cohen, Edward S. 94 Davenport, Christian 103 Downs, Donald 116 Cohen, Jeffrey 100 Davidson, Roger H. 56 Dran, Ellen 75 Cohen, Mara 130 Davies, Ann C. 55 Drobak, John 69 Cole, Richard 124 Davis, Casi 129 Dubin, Jeffrey A. 54 Coleman, John J. 79, 129 Davis, Olethia 97 Dubnick, Mel 84, 100 Collier, Ken 122 Davis, Steven 76 Duch, Raymond M. 77, Collins, Nicole E. 69, 99 Davis, Thomas 44, 72 111 Collins, Susan 89 Davis, William Eric 90 Dudas, Andrew 117 Colnic, David 129 Dawson, Michael 64 Dudley, Robert L. 71 Combs, Michael 105 Day, Christine L. 72 Duenes, Michael 113 Comer, John 114 De Boef, Suzanna 65 Duerst-Lahti, Georgia 76 Comparato, Scott A. 85, De Soto, William 59 Duffy, Diane 45 93 DeBardeleben, Joan 69 Duquette, Cynthia 129 Condit, Diedre M. 88 Debrix, Francois 97 Durst, Samantha L. 92 Conklin, Chris 91 DeGregorio, Christine 98 Dwyre, Diana 74 Connolly, Kevin T. 64 DeLaat, Jacqueline 72 Echeverri-Gent, John 51 Cook, Alexandra 106 Delli Carpini, Michael X. Edelberg, Jacqueline 64 Cook, Timothy E. 71 126 Edwards, George C., III Cooley, Robert S. 45 Dennis, Jack 95 47 Cooper, Alexandra L. 108 Desantis, Victor S. 92 Edwards, Jeffrey 91 Coppedge, Michael 77 DeSart, Jay A. 87 Edwards, Mickey 81, 115 Corder, Kevin 58 DeSipio, Louis 121 Costello, Matthew J. 53 Desveaux, James 91 Edwards, Sally Mitchell Costello, Robert 108 Diehl, Paul F. 119 124 Coughlin, Joseph 58 Diermeier, Daniel 47, 65 Edy, Jill A. 82, 105 Cox, Jane 101 DiGaetano, Alan 130 Eisenstein, Maurice M. 90 Cox, Robert Henry 93 Diggins, William J. 86 Eismeier, Ted J. 81 Cox, Ronald W. 44 Dimah, Agber 103 Elder, Charles 124 Craig, Susan 63, 120 Dimock, Michael A. 126 Elder, Robert E. 98, 120 Craine, Richard 71 Dinehart, Barbar A. 120 Eldersveld, Samuel J. 83, Cramer, Katherine 62 Dion, Robert 117 86 Crawford, Sue S. 75 Disch, Lisa 46 Ellen, Elizabeth D. 90 Creppell, Ingrid 114 Dixit, Avinash 81 Ellenbogan, Paul 82 Crislip, Mark N. 112 Djupe, Paul A. 48 Elling, Richard C. 131 Crotts, John H., II 78 Dodd, Meredith M. 111 Ellis, Margaret 89 Cumings, Meredith Woo Dodson, Debra L. 63, 76 Ellis, Susan 56 95 Doherty, Joseph 79 Elman, Colin 103 D'Ambrosio, Lisa 95 Doherty, Kathy 83 Elston, Joseph U. 112 Dabringhausen, Michaela Doherty, Steven 80 Emizet, Kisangani F. N. 70 Dokhanchi, Khalil 104 106 Dalager, Jon K. 87 Dolan, Kathleen 121 Endersby, James 104, Dalmolen, Albert 126 Dombrowski, Peter 49, 91 127 172

Engstrom, Richard 124 Forman, Michael 55 Gibney, Mark 90 Epp, Charles 123 Forren, John P. 85 Gibson, Clark 125 Epstein, David 47, 81 Forsman, Eric L. 128 Gibson, Daniel R. 95 Epstein, Lee 57 Fowler, Linda L. 90 Gibson, James L. 53, 118 Erb, Scott 78 Fowler, R. Booth 100 Gibson, Martha L. 82 Erikson, Robert S. 104 Fox, J. Clifford 64, 76 Gilbert, Chris 95 Esler, Michael 82 Fox, Sharon E. 45, 108 Gilbert, Christopher P. 71, Ethridge, Marcus E. 55 Fraga, Luis 130 95 Euchner, Jonathan P. 122 Francisco, Ronald A. 43 Gilens, Marty 70 Evans, C. Lawrence 66 Frankland, E. Gene 110 Gill, Emily 55 Fahnestock, Roger 102, Franklin, Charles H. 54, Gillespie, Justin 69 110 81, 128 Gilliam, Franklin 112 Failer, Judith L. 82, 122 Franklin, Richard 119 Gilligan, Thomas 81, 98 Farole, Donald J., Jr. 106, Frantzich, Stephen 108 Gimpel, James 104, 126 123 Franzese, Robert, Jr. 60, Githens, Marianne 84 Fastnow, Christina 115 118 Gittell, Marilyn 75 Fawcett, Helen 93 Freedman, Anne 67 Glather, Jill 122 Feddersen, Tim 65, 73 Freedman, Paul 120 Gleiber, Dennis W. 122 Feiock, Richard 75, 84 Fremstad, John 51, 60 Glick, Henry 124 Feldman, Leslie 128 Frendreis, John 80, 107 Godek, Stephen C. 54, Feldman, Sven 90 Furlong, Scott R. 47, 65 108 Feldmeier, John P. 123 Futter, Stacy 80 Goergen, Christian 79 Felter, Elizabeth 63 Gabel, Matthew 86 Goff, Patricia M. 113 Fernandez-Castro, Gais, Thomas 56 Golden, Larry 80 Joaquin 78, 86 Galatas, Steven E. 102 Golden, Miriam 118 Fett, Patrick J. 48 Galloway, Jonathan F. 44 Goldford, Dennis J. 82 Fey, Mark 81, 97 Gamm, Gerald 90 Goldstein, Kenneth M. 45 Figueiredo, John de 57 Gangadharan, Bindu K. Golebiowska, Ewa 53 Filippov, Mikhail 87 125 Goodliffe, Jay 114 Fine, Michael 123 Gansle, Gary 48 Goodwin, Chris 46 Fischerkeller, Michael 103 Gant, Michael M. 63 Goodwin, Kenneth 122 Fischle, Mark 62 Garand, James C. 89, 108 Goren, Paul 78 Fisher, Bonnie 88 Gardner, Stewart W. 80 Gottlick, Jane Berthusen Fitch, Eric 58 Garner, Michael 84 51, 54, 60 Fitz, David E. 129 Garrett, Geoffrey M. 118 Gould, Jon B. 65 Fitzgerald, Michael R. 88 Gartzke, Erik 63, 112 Grabarkiewicz, Christina Fleener, Charles J. 68 Garvin, Timothy P. 100 M. 102 Fleisher, Richard 115 Gault, Robin 52 Graber, Doris 88, 126 Flemming, Greg 73 Geddes, Barbara 77 Grady, Dennis O. 49 Flemming, Roy B. 57, 67, Gee, Gretchen Knudson Granato, James 65, 113 68 102, 110 Granstaff, William 82 Fletcher, Brian 94 Georgeau, Vicki 83 Grant, Audra K. 94 Fliter, John 91 Gerber, Alan 71, 97 Gray, Virginia 67, 75 Forbes, Warren 86 Gerber, Elisabeth 81, 97 Green, Andrew 52, 86 Ford, Lynne E. 72, 121 Gerew, Paul 81 Green, Donald 56 Fording, Richard C. 75, 87 Gerstmann, Evan 116 Green, John C. 73 Forgette, Richard 115 Geyer, Robert 44 Green, Phyllis 75 173

Green, William C. 62 Hanks, Lawrence J. 96 Hero, Rodney 130 Greenberg, Anna 73 Hannah, Susan 92 Herrnson, Paul S. 54 Greene, Jay P. 90 Hansel, Lisa 94 Herzberg, Roberta Q. 81, Gregory, Harold 107 Hansen, Mark 79 89 Greifer, Elisha 61 Hanson, Russell 75 Hesli, Vicki L. 44, 86 Gresham, April 105, 112 Hanterman, Christoph 78 Hetherington, Marc J. 104 Griffiths, Robert J. 43 Hargrove, Erwin C. 74 Highton, Benjamin 113 Grimshaw, William 83 Harknett, Richard J. 98 Hill, Bette S. 89 Grobschmidt, Marilyn 125 Harmer, Charyl 75 Hill, Connie 46 Gronke, Paul W. 64, 95 Harrington, Jonathan 102, Hill, Kim Quaile 58 Groseclose, Tim 47, 106 110 Hill, Larry B. 49 Gross, Kim 105 Harris, Hugh 80 Hinckley, Katherine A. 89 Gruberg, Martin 102, 110 Harris, Michael 100 Hindera, John J. 97 Guerra, Fernando 130 Harrison, Timothy 83 Hinich, Melvin J. 73 Guth, James L. 73 Hart, Roderick P. 121 Hinton-Andersson, Angela Hadjiharalambous, Sissie Hartlaub, Stephen 94 67 128 Harton, Deanna 123 Hirschberg, Margaret 97 Hadley, Charles D. 72 Hashim, Syed Mohsin 61 Ho, Karl 103 Haeberle, Steven H. 99 Haskell, John 95 Hochschild, Jennifer 105, Hagen, Michael G. 54, 70 Haspel, Moshe 94 130 Hagensick, Craig C. 128 Hawkins, Darren 125 Hoekstra, Doug 98 Hager, Gregory 75, 116 Hayes, Jeff 73 Hoekstra, Valerie J. 57, Hagle, Tim 57 Hayler, Barbara 116 99 Hagler, Jon Michael 58 Hays, Scott 124 Hofferbert, Richard I. 51 Haider-Markel, Donald Healy, Sally 104 Hofrenning, Dan 73 117 Heath, Joseph 55, 114 Hojnacki, Marie 89 Hail, Michael W. 90, 108 Hebron, Lui 53, 87 Holbrook, Thomas M. 71 Haire, Susan B. 116 Hecht, Stacy Hunter 48 Hollern, Diane 104 Hajnal, Zoli 80 Heel, Michael A. 71 Holloway, Carson 50 Hale, Jon F. 115 Hega, Gunther M. 93 Hooton, Cornell 66, 129 Haley, Arthur J. 109 Heidenheimer, Arnold J. Hoskin, Marilyn 125 Hall, Gregory 86 51 Houghton, David Patrick Hall, Leda McIntyre 58 Heilman, Bruce 94 104 Hall, Melinda Gann 91, Heineman, Cindy 70 Hourani, Benjamin 76 123 Heitshusen, Valerie 74 Hoyman, Michele 67 Hall, Robert 59 Helland, Eric 81, 90 Hrebenar, Ronald 47 Hall, William K. 123 Heller, William B. 77 Hubbard, Clark 54 Haller, Brandon 95 Helm, Jutta 111 Huckfeldt, Robert 63, 91, Halper, Thomas 93 Hemmenway, Scott R. 50 126 Halter, Gary 124 Hendrickson, Ryan 112 Huerta, Juan Carlos 51, Halva-Neubauer, Glen A. Henig, Jeffrey R. 116, 60 67, 124 117, 130 Hughes, Sarah 111 Hamann, Kerstin 52 Henschen, Beth 57 Hula, Kevin W. 89 Hamm, Keith 91 Hensel, Paul R. 125, 126 Hula, Richard 130 Hamman, John 100 Hensley, Thomas R. 116 Humes, Brian 89 Hammond, Thomas 65 Hercik, Jeanette M. 129 Hung, Richard 58 Hancock, Donald M. 125 Herman, Sandra 131 Hunt, Constance 89 174

Hunt, Louis 80 Jones, E. Terrence 83 Kilwein, John C. 123 Huo, Yuen 118 Jones, John C. 91, 99 Kim, Eui-Young 93 Hurley, Patricia A. 48 Jones, Robin 130 Kim, Hee Min 87 Hutcheson, John 130 Jones, Ruth 87 Kim, Sung Chul 83 Ignagni, Joseph 99 Jos, Philip H. 99 Kim, Young-Min 125 Imai, Kunihiko 119 Josephson, Jyl 88, 105 Kimball, David 87 Ireland, Patrick R. 43, 111 Jurkiewicz, Theodore 131 Kimmelman, Eric 51 Isaac, Jeffrey 46, 47 Kadera, Kelly 119 King, Brian 98 Isbell, Linda 78 Kahler, Dean 116 King, David C. 56, 90 Ivers, Gregg 66 Kaikati, Jack 49 King, Erika G. 63 Iversen, Torben 118 Kaiser, Frederick M. 82 King, Kimi Lynn 129 Jackman, Simon 56 Kalsow, Gretchen A. 54 King-Meadows, Tyson Jackson, Cynthia 49 Kaltenthaler, Karl 77 116 Jacobitti, Suzanne 46 Kalyvas, Stathis N. 77 Kingdon, John W. 96 Jacobs, Lawrence 45 Kantha, Pramod 52 Kinney, Rhonda 115 Jacobson, Gary C. 45, 74 Kaplan, Cynthia S. 44, 72 Kirby, Bruce 89 Jacoby, William 70, 104 Karklins, Rasma 44 Klein, David 96 James, Peggy Ann 119 Karmel, Solomon M. 85 Klinger, Janeen 126 James, Tonya M. 112 Karns, Margaret 70 Knight, Aaron 122 Janda, Kenneth 119 Kassop, Nancy 130 Knight, Kathleen 113 Janiskee, Brian P. 58 Kasule, Edward S. 102, Knott, Jack 49, 109 Jankowski, Richard 51 110 Knotts, H. Gibbs 99, 122 Jelen, Ted G. 95, 120 Katz, Jonathan N. 65, 73 Kobrak, Peter 59 Jenkins-Smith, Hank 124 Kawabata, Eiji 51 Koch, Jeffrey W. 71 Jennings, M. Kent 96 Kazee, Thomas O. 90 Kochin, Michael S. 50 Jesse, Jolene Kay 125 Keiser, Lael 54 Koehler, David 89 Jesuit, David K. 125 Keith, Linda Camp 57 Koetzle, William 45, 63 Jewell, Malcolm E. 48, 81 Kelley, Harry F., Jr. 100 Kollman, Ken 73, 98 Jewett, Aubrey 91 Kellstedt, Paul 53, 67 Koremenos, Barbara 60 Jillson, Calvin C. 55, 82 Kelly, Elizabeth 55 Kosaki, Liane C. 82, 100 Jogerst, Michael A. 117 Kelly, J. Landrum, Jr. 72 Kougias, Lisa N. 98 Johannes, Jack 45, 66 Kelly, Patrick 114 Koven, Steven 59 Johnson, James 64, 114 Kelly, Sean Q. 115 Koyuoglu, S. Dogan 61, Johnson, Mitzi 114, 120 Kemper, Mark 120 91 Johnson, Paul E. 65 Kendrigan, Mary Lou 100, Krassas, Nicole 114 Johnson, Renee 75 121 Krause, George A. 65, Johnson, Timothy R. 71, Kerbel, Matthew R. 79 113 82 Kerr, Brinck 108 Krehbiel, Keith 98 Johnson, Valerie 46 Kerr, Brink 48 Kritzer, Herbert 91 Johnston, Richard 63 Kessel, Brian L. 125 Krosnick, Jon A. 79 Jones, Bradford S. 106, Kessel, John H. 74 Kubicek, Paul 52 129 Ketter, Ronald G. 68, 76 Kuechler, Manfred P. 125 Jones, Bryan D. 90, 130 Kettl, Donald F. 107 Kuklinski, James 70, 78 Jones, Charles O. 47, 56 Kiasatpour, Soleiman M. Kullberg, Judith S. 86 Jones, Cheryl 46 85 Kumar, Leena Thacker 62 Jones, David 115 Kiewiet, D. Roderick 60 Kumar, Martha Joynt 74 Jones, David A. 54 Kilroy, Bernadette A. 104 Kuperas, Tracy 103 175

Kuzenski, John 105 Lewis, V. Bradley 50 Maier, Peter 49 Kwok, Yuen 129 Lewis-Beck, Michael 125 Mainuddin, Rolin G. 70 Lachowicz, Alison 43 Leyden, Kevin M. 61 Maisel, L. Sandy 74 Lacy, Dean 106 Licari, Michael J. 126 Majstorovic, Steven 44, Ladner, Matthew 121 Lichter, S. Robert 88 72 Laitin, David 44 Lichtl, Marci 122 Malbin, Michael J. 115 Lam, Wai Fung 119 Liebell, Susan 122 Malik, Madhu 58, 94 Lamb, Charles M. 83, 129 Liebowitz, Debra 64 Malloy, Michael 86 Lane, Charles M. 67 Light, Steven A. 99 Malos, Stanley B. 63 Lane, S. Keith 49 Lightfoot, Russell 115 Maltzman, Forrest 48 Langer, Laura 57 Lind, E. Allan 118 Mandel, Ruth 63 Lapinksi, John S. 48 Lindahl, Folke 80 Mani, Bonnie G. 49 Laracey, Mel 71 Lindenberg, Karen E. 92 Mann, Jennifer 126 Larocca, Roger T. 74 Lindquist, Kirt 59 Manrique, Cecilia G. 88 Larsen, Carleton 55 Lipinski, Daniel 96 Mansbridge, Jane 46, 56, Lau, Richard 62 Lipson, Charles 119 113 Laumann, Julie 58 Lipson, Michael 76 Maranto, Robert 107, 112 Lavelle, Kathryn C. 95, Lobb, Christian 131 Marcus, Michael 100 126 Lockerbie, Brad 45, 61 Margolis, Michael 88 Lawrence, Eric 71 Lodge, Milton 62, 127 Marilley, Suzanne M. 80 Lawson, Brian 58 Lohmann, Susanne 73, 97 Markus, Gregory 112, 113 Layton, Michael 129 Lombard, Emmett N. 102 Marquez, Benjamin 100 Lazer, David 122 Londregan, John 81 Marschall, Melissa 91 Leach, Carol 121 Longoria, Thomas 124, Marshall, Ann 46 Leaman, David E. 103 130 Marshall, Thomas R. 99 Leblang, David A. 78 Loomis, Burdett 46, 98 Martin, David 103 Lee, Aie Rie 79 Lough, Todd 63 Martin, Elizabeth M. 90, Lee, Jeong-hwa 66 Lowenthal, Diane 71 98 Lee, Lindsey 127 Lowery, David 67, 91 Martin, F. Elaine 92 Lee, Sung Roe 117 Lowry, Robert C. 115 Martin, James P. 64 Lee, Taeku 89, 112 Lowry, William 124 Martin, John R. 55, 128 Lee, Yong 130, 131 Lublin, David 97, 127 Martin, Lanny W. 60 Leech, Beth L. 47, 102, Luciak, Ilja A. 111 Martin, Margaret E. 93 110 Luke, Timothy 97 Martin, Robert W. T. 55 Leege, David C. 45 Luor, Ching Jyugn 66 Martinez, Michael D. 79, LeFebvre, Donna 123 Lupia, Arthur 56, 70 87 Leh, Robert G. 102, 110 Luskin, Robert 79, 126 Martinez, Valierie 122 Leighley, Jan 53 Luttbeg, Norman R. 53, Martino, Ann 49, 58 Leijenaar, Monique 55 123, 124 Massoud, Tansa George Lenart, Silvo 54 Lyles, Kevin 108 119 Lentz, Corliss 49 Lynch, Patrick 57 Matheny, Albert 130 Levine, Jeffrey 96, 106 Lytle, Kimberly Strong 92 Matsusaka, John 81 Levy, Dena 90 Mackie, Gerry 106 Mattei, Laura R. Winsky Levy, Michael 72, 85 Magalhaes, Mariano 43 80, 114 Lewis, Carolyn 78 Magleby, David 87 Mattern, Mark 128 Lewis, Jeremy 76, 91 Magnusson, Bruce 103 Maule, Linda 85, 93 Lewis, Paul 67 Mahler, Vincent A. 53 Maxfield, Sylvia 60 176

Mayer, Jean-Francois 61, Melcher, James 83 Morton, Noel O'R. 99 85 Melchior, Mary Beth 53 Morton, Rebecca B. 81 Mayer, Jeremy D. 108 Melesky, Charito H. 131 Moser, Robert G. 69 Mayer, Russell 63 Mellers, Barbara 70 Moses, Joel 119 Maynard-Moody, Steven Melone, Albert P. 118 Mosley, Layna 70 92 Mendelberg, Tali 79, 112 Mowle, Thomas S. 70 McAdams, John 45, 66 Menifield, Charles E. 121 Mucciaroni, Gary 58, 100 McAlinden, Sean 62 Merritt, Richard L. 51, 60 Mughan, Anthony 85, 118 McAnaw, Richard L. 67 Mershon, Carol A. 61 Mulder, Shelli 46 McBride, Allan 121 Meunier, Sophie 104 Mullins, Daniel 117 McBurnett, Michael 65 Meyer, Fred 92, 117 Munger, Michael C. 73, McCabe, Barbara 84 Meyer, John M. 106 105, 106 McCarty, Nolan M. 66, Meyer, William J. 128 Mutz, Diana 95 115 Mezey, Michael 118 Myers, David J. 61 McClain, Paula 84 Mezey, Susan Gluck 88 Myerson, Roger B. 47 McCormick, James 104 Michelsen, Niall 94 Nagi, Traci 62 McCoy, Jennifer 61 Midlarsky, Manus 43 Nagler, Jonathan 73 McCrone, Donald J. 102 Miles, Anne 53 Nathan, James 82 McCurley, Carl 105 Miller, Joanne M. 79 Neely, Grant 47 McDermott, Monika L. 113 Miller, Mark 111 Nelson, John S. 46 McDonald, J. Scott 109 Miller, Mark C. 66 Nelson, Thomas 78 McDonnell, Lorraine M. 74 Miller, Penny 114 Neubauer, Bruce 100 McDowell, Manfred 51 Miller, Warren E. 96 Newman, Dan 70 McGillivray, Fiona 78, 86 Miller, Will 114 Newmann, William 107 McGinnis, Michael 112 Milne, Duane D. 90, 94 Nichols, Stephen M. 95 McGlaughlin, Lisa 113 Milyo, Jeffrey 65, 115 Nikitchenko, Andrei N. McGuire, Kevin T. 82 119 McIver, John 67 Mintrom, Michael 67, 116 Niland, Collette Marie 91 McKee, Erik Shane 73 Miranda, Rowan 67 Niou, Emmerson 106 McKissick, Gary 98 Mitchell, Lincoln 83 Nixon, David C. 89 McKwartin, Dan 119 Mo, Jongryn 53 Nomi, Tomoaki 69 McLaren, Lauren M. 111 Moffett, Randolph R. 130 Nordstrom, Timothy W. 69 McLauchlan, William P. Monardi, Fred M. 71 Norpoth, Helmut 87, 95 57 Monette, Craig 120 Norton, Steven J. 51, 60 McLaughlin, Sara 52 Monroe, Alan D. 45, 87 Novkov, Julie 80 McLean, Joan 122 Monroe, Burt L. 106 Nownes, Anthony J. 47, McLean, Michael 85 Monsanto, Tanya E. 95 52 McMillan, Susan M. 87 Moon, David 113 Nye, Bernadette 127 McMiller, Darryl 80 Moore, Michael K. 90, 98 O'Brien, David 116 McNamara, Peter 80 Morehouse, Sarah M. 81 O'Connor, Karen 66, 72 McNitt, Andrew D. 46 Moreland-Young, Curtina O'Connor, Robert E. 61 Mebane, Walter R., Jr. 80, 109 O'Halloran, Sharyn 47, 97 Morgan, William D. 79, 115 Meier, Kenneth 117 106 Ogul, Morris S. 82 Meier, Kenneth J. 93 Morin, Art 68 Oh, Cheol H. 106 Meilleur, Maurice J. 113 Moroney, Siobhan 55 Ohren, Joseph F. 68 Mejia, Adrianna 44 Morris, Irwin 97 Oleszek, Walter 66 177

Oliver, J. Eric 54 129 Rajmaira, Sheen 78 Olomoki, Dganit 89 Peterson, Mark A. 115 Ramsey, Lucinda 49 Olson, David M. 94 Petrie, Eric 89 Randolph, Lewis A. 99, Olson, Kevin 114 Petrocik, John 79, 87 121 Olson, Laura R. 104 Pettersen, Per Arnt 127 Rasch, Bjorn Eric 94 Omo-Bare, Iren 85 Phillips, Jason 112 Rasmussen, Jorgen 85 Oppenheimer, Bruce I. 66 Phillips, Robert 131 Raso, Joseph 108 Oppermann, Jan Patrick Pickering, Jeffrey 119 Rattliff, John 121 64 Pielsticker, William J. 65 Reddick, Malia 123 Organski, A. F. K. 78 Pierannunzi, Carol 130 Redlawsk, David 62 Orr, Marion 46, 130 Pierce, Roy 43 Reeher, Grant 90 Ostberg, Cindy 123 Pierce, Shelly A. 69 Reese, Laura A. 92 Otatti, Victor C. 78, 104 Pierson, Paul 77 Reeves, Keith W. 105 Otterstein, James 67 Pinderhughes, Dianne 84 Reich, Gary M. 78 Overby, L. Marvin 107 Pinkney, Lee 116 Reisinger, William M. 51, Owen, Diana 53 Pinney, Neil 76 60, 94 Pacelle, Richard 74, 82 Remer, Kellee 92 Pagano, Michael 117 Remington, Thomas F. Page, Benjamin I. 67, 88 69, 94 Pallansch, Leona 95 Pippert, Angela High 114 Remmer, Karen 61 Palmer, Barbara 74 Poe, Steven 103 Renka, Russell 90 Palmer, Harvey 73, 86 Polinard, J. L. 46 Reno, William S. K. 44 Pammett, Jon 69 Pollock, Philip H., III 81 Resnick, David 88 Paolino, Philip 76, 114 Poole, Keith 66 Ressmeyer, Timothy J. 45 Pappin 109 Popkin, Sam 126 Rexford, Elizabeth 108 Pappin, Francis 109 Popyk, Frank 88 Rhodebeck, Laurie 120 Parent, Wayne 128 Porter, Stephen 118 Rhodes, Matthew 44 Park, Kee Ok 83, 108 Portnoy, Brian 70 Rich, Michael J. 58 Parker, Linda 130 Portz, John 130 Richard, Patricia Bayer Parks, Roger B. 75 Powell, David C. 49, 92 51, 60 Parry, Janine Alisa 83 Powlick, Philip J. 122 Richards, Diana 44 Passavant, Paul A. 114 Prescott, Bob 70 Richardson, Glenn W. 45 Patterson, Kelly 87 Price, Price 74 Richardson, Lilliard E., Jr. Patterson, Thomas E. 71 Priess, David 52 63 Payne, Rodger A. 103 Procopio, Steven 108, Richter, Michaela W. 110 Peddle, Michael 75 116 Riedle, Ingrid 121 Pedersen, David 58 Purcell, Alan 104 Riegle, Sandra 121 Pedescleaux, Desiree 130 Purnell, Kathy 72 Rieselbach, Leroy N. 56 Perali, C. Federico 106 Puro, Steven 123 Rieske, William 116 Percy, Stephen 99 Pyle, Barry 82 Rietz, Thomas 81 Perna, Laura 122 Quinn, Kevin M. 111 Riggle, Ellen 114, 120 Perry, Huey 114 Quirk, Paul J. 47, 100 Riley, Jonathan 122 Persons, Georgia 46 Rabe, Barry 124 Ringel, Lewis S. 90 Peters, Robert 116 Racheter, Don 68, 124 Ringquist, Evan J. 75, 124 Peters, Scott 99 Radcliffe, Peter M. 127 Robeck, Mark G. 55 Peterson, David A. 71 Rahm, Dianne 131 Roberts, Susan L. 114 Peterson, Geoffrey D. 57, Rahn, Wendy 56, 62 Rockman, Bert A. 74 178

Roeder, Philip 48 Sanders, Francine 107 Semiatin, Richard J. 45, Rogers, James R. 47 Sanders, Lynn 64 95 Rogers, Peter J. 106 Sanders, Mitch 73 Sened, Itai J. 48, 89 Rohde, David W. 74, 98 Sandstrum, Frances 66 Sexton, Eric 117 Rohloff, Arthur W., Jr. 122 Sapat, Alka 58, 124 Shachar, Ron 87, 97 Roman, Peter J. 107 Sapiro, Virginia 113, 126 Shadforth, Jocelyn 124 Romero, David 112 Sarokin, James T. 88 Shaiko, Ronald G. 45, 98 Roper, Steven D. 119 Savage, Sean J. 128 Shapiro, Catherine 66, 82 Rosdil, Donald 67 Sayari, Sabri 51 Shapiro, Michael 80 Rosenbaum, Walter 124 Scattergood, Wendy E. 63 Shapiro, Robert Y. 45 Rosenberg, Gerald N. 130 Schaefer, Todd M. 71 Sharp, Christine LeVeaux Rosenblatt, Alan 71 Scheberle, Denise 130 97, 121 Rosenfeld, Raymond 83, Scheuerman, William 55, Sharp, Elaine B. 91 131 64 Shaw, Daron 62 Rosenstiehl, Michael C. Schiff, Rebecca L. 43 Shelley, Mack 118 102, 110 Schiller, Wendy 66 Sheng, Emile 96 Rosenstone, Steven J. 61, Schloesser, Pauline 64 Sherrill, Kenneth S. 117 120 Schlozman, Kay 79 Shields, Todd 114 Rosentraub, Mark 75 Schmiedeler, Bryan 70 Shively, W. Philips 43 Ross, Fiona 77 Schneider, Mark 108 Shore, Sean M. 44 Rotnem, Thomas E. 61 Schneider, Saundra 48, Shull, Steven A. 115 Rouyer, Alwyn R. 102, 109 Shulman, Stephen 86 103 Schnell, Frauke 79 Siaroff, Alan 125 Roychoudhury, Canopy Schofield, Norman 89 Sigel, Roberta S. 46, 125 131 Scholz, John 100 Sigelman, Lee 105 Royed, Terry J. 61 Schousen, Matthew M. 74 Sikes, Ewing, III 129 Rubin, Irene 117 Schreiber, Ronnee 63 Silva, Carol 124 Ruckman, P. S., Jr. 48 Schubert, James 109 Simeone, Jim 72 Rudasill, Lynn 48 Schuckman, Harvey Prieto Simmons, Randy T. 81 Rudolph, Lloyd I. 51, 52 120 Simon, Adam 97, 112 Ruiz-de-Velasco, Jorge Schultz, David 129 Simon, Maurice 94 130 Schultz, Jeffrey D. 108 Sims, Robert T. 122 Rule, Patra Bonham 76, Schwartz-Shea, Peri 81 Sinclair, Barbara 56, 107 88 Scicchitano, Michael 58, Sitaram, Srini 102 Rundquist, Barry 45, 66 84 Skalaban, Andrew 75, 127 Rush, Mark 108 Scott, Elsie 84 Skidmore-Hess, Daniel 44 Russell, Peter D. 118 Scott, Joanna V. 46 Sloan, Daniel 109 Ryan, Jeff 111 Scruggs, H. E. 83 Slocum, Fred 114 Ryden, David K. 66 Scully, Roger 118 Slotnick, Elliot E. 48 Sabatini, Christopher 52 Seago, Kris 126 Smith, Alistair 112 Saiz, Martin 108 Sears, David 114 Smith, Brian 111 Sala, Brian R. 65, 115 Segal, Jeffrey A. 74 Smith, Charles E., Jr. 62, Salisbury, Robert 56 Segal, Jennifer A. 99 71 Sallinger-McBride, Jan 77 Segers, Mary C. 88, 106 Smith, Christopher E. 57 Sallinger-McBride, Jan 78 Sekhon, Jasjeet S. 97 Smith, Chuck 123 Samhat, Nayef H. 94 Selbin, Eric 111 Smith, Jackie 125 Samuels, Suzanne U. 66 Sellers, Patrick 54 Smith, Kevin 117 179

Smith, Renee M. 90 Steenbergen, Marco R. Swank, Duane H. 78 Smith, Steven S. 71, 94, 47, 113 Swindell, David 75 118 Steger, Wayne P. 129 Swindle, Stephen 60 Smithey, Shannon Steigenga, Timothy 77 Swinford, Bill 123 Ishiyama 123 Stein, Andrew J. 77 Sykora, Sharon 82, 107 Smyth, Regina 69, 94 Stein, Lana 130 Synder, James 106 Snidal, Duncan 53 Stein, Robert 108 Tadlock, Barry 120 Sniderman, Paul 64, 70 Steiner, Niklaus 111 Taebel, Delbert A. 124 Sniderman, Phil 70 Stenner, Karen 64 Tajalli, Hassan 59 Sobel, Andrew C. 70, 78 Stephen, Roland 70, 104 Talbert, Jeffery C. 74, Sobel, Richard 80 Sterken, Robert E. 51, 61, 102, 110 Sobel, Sobel 79 62 Talbot, Elizabeth 131 Somma, Mark 54, 105 Stern, Paul 89 Tao, Jill 84 Songer, Donald 74 Steuernagel, Gertrude A. Tarr, David W. 107 Soni, Vidu 92, 102, 110 121 Tarry, Scott E. 119 Sonner, Molly W. 53 Stevenson, Randolph T. Tate, Katherine 80, 100 Sorenson, Rick 73 60 Taylor, Michaell 77 Sorokin, Gerald 119 Stewart, Charles 66 Taylor, Michelle M. 86, Soss, Joe 126 Stid, Daniel D. 98 111 Spaeth, Harold 57 Stiles, Kendall W. 120 Teare, Mark 61 Spalding, Rose 77 Stimson, James 56, 110 Tedesco, Rochelle 98 Spangler, Victoria A. 84, Stoker, Laura 64, 71 Tedin, Kent 120 108 Stokes, Susan 52 Tennant, Evalyn 121 Sparrow, Bartholomew H. Stone, Clarence 46, 130 Teske, Nathan 65 79 Stone, Jeff 131 Teske, Paul 58 Spendlove, Scott J. 86 Stookey, John 82 Tetlock, Phil 70 Spiezio, K. Edward 70 Strand, Douglas 95 Thanner, Chris 111 Spill, Rorie L. 127 Strand, Jonathan R. 112 Theiss-Morse, Elizabeth Spinner, Jeff 53 Strauber, Ira L. 90 53 Spitzer, Scott 121 Stream, Chris 84 Thies, Michael F. 90, 118 Sprague, John 43, 101 Stricker, Pamela 106, 128 Thomas, Clive S. 47 Spriggs, James F., II 68, Strizek, Gregory 96 Thomas, John C. 60 82 Stroh, Pat 62 Thomas, Norman C. 82 Springer, Ann 65 Strom, Gerald 45 Thomas, Sue 105 Sprinkle, Robert 49 Strom, Kaare 60 Thompson, T. Lyke 131 Squire, Peverill 57 Struening, Karen 88 Thompson, Walter J. 59 Sracic, Paul A. 123 Stumm, Theodore J. 59 Thompson, William R. 119 Stack, John 50 Sulfaro, Valerie A. 129 Thurber, James A. 56 Stambough, Stephen J. Sullivan, George 49 Thurmaier, Kurt 117 112 Sullivan, Roberta L. 59 Tien, Charles 48, 106 Stanford, Karin L. 105 Sum, Paul 55 Tille, Emmerson H. 57 Stanislawski, Anthony 117 Summary, Larry J. 98 Tkacik, Michael P. 52 Stanley, Jeanie 76 Summary, Rebecca M. 98 Tompkins, Mark E. 99 Stant, William N. 44 Summers, Bobby R. 61 Transue, John 53 Steele, David F., III 117, Sunderman, Gail 116 Traugott, Michael W. 71, 121 Svoboda, Craig J. 71, 83 96 Steen, Peter M. 102, 126 Swain, Carol 74 Traugott, Santa 54, 127 180

Trevor, Margaret C. 69 Wassermann, Donna 127 Winkle, Deborah 72 Trippel, Heather Coleman Waterman, Richard 99 Wirt, Fred 130 105 Waters, Thomas 112 Witmer, Richard C., II 129 Trish, Barbara 107 Watts, Mark 96 Wlezien, Christopher 104, True, James L. 102, 110 Wawro, Gregory J. 81 121 Truitt, Lawrence J. 109, Way, Christopher 118 Wolf, Patrick J. 49 119 Weatherford, M. Stephen Wolinsky, Yael 112 Tuchman, Paula S. 78 74, 95 Wollery, Stephen S. 68 Twombly, Jim 83 Webb, Maurice 43 Wolpert, Robin M. 122, Tyler, Tom 118 Webber, David 58 126 Unah, Isaac 67 Weber, Cynthia 97 Wolsborn, Kay 92 Underhill-Cady, Joe 104 Weber, Ron 89, 96 Wong, Kenneth 116 Uslaner, Eric 129 Weisberg, Herbert 62 Wood, B. Dan 57, 99, 100 Valls, Andrew 128 Weisberg, Jennifer 100 Wood, Sandra 48 Van Der Slik, Jack 57 Weiss, Penny 113 Woodlief, Anthony 67 Vanderbush, Walter 62 Weissert, Carol 99, 109 Woolery, Steven 108 VanDeveer, Stacy D. 86 Welch, Susan 105 Works, Austin 58 VanDoren, Peter 100, 130 Wells, Donald 62 Wright, Gerald 54, 91 VanDunk, Emily 83 Wells, Martin T. 97 Wrighton, J. Mark 57, 63 Vasillopulous, Christopher Wells, Matthew C. 51, 60 Wrinkle, Robert W. 46 131 Wells, Robert A. 63 Wunsch, James S. 43, Vavreck, Lynn 127 Wendel-Blunt, Dierdre 103 Vedda, James 124 103 Yanarella, Ernest J. 62 Velasquez, Eduardo 73 Wenzel, James P. 57 Yantek, Thom 121 Verba, Sidney 79 Werner, Brian L. 127 Yarnold, Barbara 123 Vergari, Sandra 116 West, Darrell M. 46, 122 Yarwood, Dean L. 107 Vermeer, Jan P. 79 Wetstein, Matthew E. 123 Yellin, Mark 128 Vidanage, Sharmaine 114 Whitaker, Gordon P. 99 Yesilada, Birol A. 86, 95 Vinzant, John 85, 93 White, James B. 80 Yoder, Jennifer 86 Virgo, John 49 Whitford, Andrew 81, 90 Yonish, Steven 73 Virgo, Katherine 49 Whitten, Guy D. 73 Young, Garry 115 Wagoner, Ruth 68 Widmaier, Wesley W. 103 Young, Margaret 96 Wahlbeck, Paul J. 48, 82 Widner, Jennifer A. 43 Zanetti, Lisa A. 55, 128 Walker, Jim 68 Wielhouwer, Peter W. 45, Zeckhauser, Richard 90 Wallach, H.G. Peter 110 120 Zielinski, Jakub 60, 112 Wallerstein, Michael 104, Wike, Richard S. 129 Zorn, Christopher J. 66, 118 Wilcox, Clyde 95, 122 98 Walsh, Kevin 85, 93 William, John 65 Zuckert, Michael P. 72 Waltenburg, Eric N. 123 Williams, Bruce 130 Walz, Jeffrey S. 88 Williams, Christine B. 128 Wamsley, Scott 83 Williams, Kenneth C. 81 Wang, T. Y. 102, 110 Williams, Victoria 69 Ward, James D. 49 Willoughby, Katherine 117 Ward, Scott D. 121 Wilson, Bruce M. 85 Warner, Carolyn M. 77 Wilson, Graham K. 47 Warshaw, Shirley Anne Wilson, Rick K. 73, 81 98 Wingenbach, Ed 82 181

NOTES 182

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5th floor plan