LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #1 Self Introductions - Basic Greetings in Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Vietnamese 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 4 Grammar
# 1
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VIETNAMESE
1. Giang: Xin chào. Tôi tên là Giang. B n tên là gì?
2. Mary: Chào Giang. Tôi tên là Mary.
3. Giang: R⇥t vui ⇤⌅⇧c g⌃p b n.
4. Mary: Tôi c⌥ng v y.
ENGLISH
1. Giang: Hello. My name is Giang. What's your name?
2. Mary: Hello Giang. My name is Mary.
3. Giang: Nice to meet you.
4. Mary: You too. (Literally, "me too.")
VOCABULARY
Vietnamese English Class
tên name noun
Tôi "I" or "me" Pronoun
Xin chào "Hello."
Tôi tên là "My name is.."
B n tên là gì? "What's your name?"
R⇥t vui ⇤⌅⇧c g⌃p b n "Nice to meet you."
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 - SELF INTRODUCTIONS - BASIC GREETINGS IN VIETNAMESE 2 Tôi c⌥ng v y "me too"
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Tôi không nh tên b⇥n. Anh ta nói anh ta tên là Nam.
"I can’t remember your name." "He said his name is Nam."
Tôi không bi⇤t tên cô ⌅y. Tôi là ng⇧⌃i Vi⌥t Nam.
"I don't know her name." "I'm Vietnamese."
Tôi là Mary Xin chào, lâu l m không g p.
"Tôi là Mary." "Hello, haven't seen you for a while."
Chào Mary, b⇥n có kh⌦e không? Chào Mary.
"Hello, how are you Mary?" "Hello, Mary."
A: Tôi r⌅t thích nh⇥c pop. / B: Tôi c↵ng v y
A: I like pop music./ B: Me too
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
Vui means "happy" and Vietnamese people say "I'm happy to meet you" which is equivalent to "Nice to meet you." in English. The Vietnamese equivalent for "nice" is another word and it cannot be used in this case. Vui is an adjective used to describe someone's feeling.
For example:
1. R t vui ⇥⇤⌅c làm quen v⇧i b⌃n - "I'm very happy to get to know you/to get acquainted with you." (This is also another phrase that can be used the same as "Nice to meet you" in English)
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 - SELF INTRODUCTIONS - BASIC GREETINGS IN VIETNAMESE 3 2. Hôm nay tôi r t vui. - "I'm very happy today."
Tôi and B n are the equivalents of "I" and "you" respectively. They are the most general pronouns and can be used in most situations. But as Vietnamese people use a lot of personal pronouns to address each other, the equivalents of "I" and "you" can be changed into other pronouns depending on the speakers' age, gender and their closeness. We'll learn more about Vietnamese pronouns in the following lessons.
For example:
1. Anh tên là gì? - "What's your name?" (Anh is a pronoun used to address a young man in formal situation or a man slightly older than you)
2. Xin chào. Tôi tên là Giang, R t vui ⇥⇤⌅c g⌥p ch . "Hello, my name is Giang. Nice to meet you." (Ch "is a pronoun used to address a young woman in formal situation or a woman slightly older than you.)
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Basic Bootcamp Lesson Is How to Ask Somebody Their Name
To ask someone their name, just ask B⌃n tên là gì? Literally, this is "What are you named?" The first word, B⌃n means "you." B⌃n is a pronoun used to address a person around your age. This pronoun can be changed depending on the person you meet. The next word tên means "name," followed by là which is the verb "to be" in Vietnamese. The last word gì means "what." Altogether, we have: B⌃n tên là gì? for a man or a woman around your age. The answer is Tôi tên là + your name, which literally means "I am named..." For example: Tôi tên là Mary, which literally means "I am named Mary" but is understood as "my name is Mary." Note: The exact equivalent of "What's your name?" in Vietnamese is Tên c a b⌃n là gì? Tên c a b⌃n means "your name." Vietnamese doesn't have possessive pronouns, so the preposition "of," which is c a in Vietnamese, is put after the thing and before the person who possesses it. Accordingly, the full answer is Tên c a tôi là A, which is "My name is A." However, these full expressions are not usually used in daily conversation. What we have learned above is the most natural way a Vietnamese person would ask a name and say
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 - SELF INTRODUCTIONS - BASIC GREETINGS IN VIETNAMESE 4 his/her name, as opposed to formal Vietnamese.
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 - SELF INTRODUCTIONS - BASIC GREETINGS IN VIETNAMESE 5 LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #2 Talking Nationality in Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Vietnamese 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 3 Grammar
# 2
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VIETNAMESE
1. Giang: Xin chào, tôi tên là Giang. Tôi là ng ⇥i Vi⇤t Nam.
2. Mary: Xin chào, tôi là Mary. Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh.
ENGLISH
1. Giang: Hello. My name is Giang. I'm Vietnamese.
2. Mary: Hello, I'm Mary. I'm British.
VOCABULARY
Vietnamese English Class
Ng ⇥i Vi⇤t Nam "Vietnamese" (nationality)
Tôi là "I am"
tên name noun
Ng ⇥i Anh "British" (nationality)
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Tôi là ng ⇥i Vi⇤t Nam. Tôi là sinh viên.
"I’m Vietnamese." "I am a student."
Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh. Tôi không nh⌅ tên b⇧n.
"I'm British." "I can’t remember your name."
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #2 - TALKING NATIONALITY IN VIETNAMESE 2 Anh ta nói anh ta tên là Nam. Tôi không bi⌃t tên cô ⌥y.
"He said his name is Nam." "I don't know her name."
Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh.
"I'm British."
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
Tôi là is the equivalent of "I am/I'm" in English. This phrase can be followed by a noun indicating your name, your nationality or occupation.
Tôi là Mary. - "I'm Mary." Tôi là ng ⇥i M⇤. - "I'm American." Tôi là sinh viên. - "I'm a student. "
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Boot Camp Lesson Is to Teach You How to Talk About Nationality
Let's take a look at the dialogue again. Mary: XIn chào. Tôi là Mary. Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh. We start with a self-introduction XIn chào. Tôi là Mary."Hello, my name is Mary." Then we say our nationality, Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh ("I'm British"). To say you are a certain nationality, just say the phrase Tôi là, which means "I am," followed by ng ⇥i, which means "person/people" and finally add your country's name in Vietnamese after it. Sentence structure: Tôi là + ng ⇥i + country's name Examples of nationalities in Vietnamese:-
Vietnamese "English"
Tôi là ng ⇥i Vi⌅t Nam "I'm Vietnamese."
Tôi là ng ⇥i Nga "I'm Russian."
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #2 - TALKING NATIONALITY IN VIETNAMESE 3 Tôi là ng ⇥i M⇤ "I'm American."
Tôi là ng ⇥i Anh "I'm British"
Tôi là ng ⇥i Nh⇧t "I'm Japanese"
Tôi là ng ⇥i Trung Qu⌃c "I'm Chinese"
Tôi là ng ⇥i Pháp. "I'm French."
Tôi là ng ⇥i ›. "I'm Italian."
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #2 - TALKING NATIONALITY IN VIETNAMESE 4 LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #3 Useful Phrases for Learning Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Vietnamese 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 6 Grammar
# 3
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VIETNAMESE
1. A: Xin h i, "Cheese" ti⇥ng Vi⇤t nói th⇥ nào?
2. B: Pho mát.
3. A: Xin l⌅i, tôi ch⇧a k⌃p nghe. Làm ⌥n nói l i l n n⌦a.
4. B: Pho mát.
5. A: Làm ⌥n nói ch↵m h⌥n m t chút,
6. B: Pho mát
7. A: Làm ⌥n vi⇥t t ó b✏ng ti⇥ng Vi⇤t giúp tôi.
ENGLISH
1. A: Excuse me, how do you say "cheese" in Vietnamese?
2. B: Cheese.
3. A: I'm sorry, I didn't catch that. Say it once again, please.
4. B: Cheese.
5. A: Please, repeat slower.
6. B: Chee-se.
7. A: Write that down in Vietnamese for me, please.
VOCABULARY
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #3 - USEFUL PHRASES FOR LEARNING VIETNAMESE 2 Vietnamese English Class
ch⇧a k⌃p "not catch that yet"
Xin l⌅i "Excuse me." or "I’m sorry." phrase
nói "to say"
th⇥ nào "how" adverb
giúp tôi "to help me, for me, to me"
L n n⌦a "again, one more time"
làm ⌥n "please" phrase
ch↵m h⌥n m t chút "a little slower"
“Excuse me”. You can use
Xin h i this phrase before you start asking a question.
vi⇥t "to write"
t ó "that word"
b✏ng ti⇥ng Vi⇤t "in Vietnamese"
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Tôi ch a k⇥p hi⇤u. Tôi ch a k⇥p ⌅n sáng.
"I haven't understood yet. (because of I haven’t had breakfast yet. (because I complicated explanation or fast speed of didn’t have enough time) speaking)"
Xin l⇧i, tôi ⌃⌥n mu n. Xin h i, m⌦y gi↵ r i?
"I'm sorry, I'm late." "Excuse me, what time is it now?"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #3 - USEFUL PHRASES FOR LEARNING VIETNAMESE 3 “Computer” ti⌥ng Vi t nói th⌥ nào? D o này b n th⌥ nào?
“How do you say “computer” in "How are you doing these days?" Vietnamese?”
T✏ này ⌃⇣c th⌥ nào? Th↵i ti⌥t ⌘ Hà N i th⌥ nào?
"How do you read this?" "What's the weather like in Hanoi?"
M⌘ cái c✓a này th⌥ nào? B n có th⇤ ch◆p nh giúp tôi không?
"How can I open this door, please?" “Can you take a photo for me?”
Làm n ch ⌃ ↵ng giúp tôi. Tôi có c⌫n làm l i l⌫n n⇠a không?
“Please show me the direction.” "Do I have to do it one more time?"
B n nói l i l⌫n n⇠a ⌃ ⇡c không? Làm n d y tôi phát âm t✏ này.
"Can you repeat that?"/ “Can you say it "Please teach me how to pronounce this one more time?” word."
Làm n gii thích giúp tôi. Tôi nghe không ⌃ ⇡c rõ, làm n nói ch⇢m
l i. "Please explain it to me." "I cannot hear clearly, please speak again slowly."
Làm n ⌃ a cho tôi cái bút ⌃ó. Xin l⇧i, cho tôi m ⇡n cái bút.
"Please give me that pen." “Excuse me, may I borrow your pen?”
Xin h i, m⌦y gi↵ r i? Tôi h⇣c vi⌥t ti⌥ng Vi t.
"Excuse me, what time is it now?" "I study how to write in Vietnamese."
T✏ ⌃ó ngh a là gì? Tôi h⇣c môn kinh t⌥ b⌧ng ti⌥ng Vi t.
"What does that word mean?" I learn economics in Vietnamese.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #3 - USEFUL PHRASES FOR LEARNING VIETNAMESE 4 Xin h i and Xin l⇥i both mean "Excuse me" and can be used to catch someone's attention. However, xin h i is only used when you want to ask a question. In other circumstances (to request something, to ask someone to repeat what was said, to squeeze by someone or to order food or drink) xin l⇥i is used. Xin l⇥i also means "I'm sorry" and is used when you really want to apologize for doing something wrong.
For example:
1. Xin h i m⇤y gi⌅ r⇧i? - "Excuse me, what time is it now?"
2. Xin l⇥i, cho tôi m⌃t bát ph⌥. - "Excuse me, one bowl of ph⌥ ("rice noodle") please."
3. Xin l⇥i, tôi không nhìn th⇤y b n. - "I'm sorry, I didn't notice you."
4. Xin h i, nhà v sinh ⌥ ⌦âu? - "Excuse me, where is the toilet?"
Làm ↵n means "please" and is used to start a polite request. This phrase is the highest level of formality and is not used among close friends.
1. Làm ↵n d y tôi phát âm t này. - "Please teach me how to pronounce this word."
2. Làm ↵n ch p nh giúp tôi. - "Please take a photo for me."
Tôi ch✏a k⇣p nghe literally means "I was not able to keep up with your speaking speed" and can be understood as "I didn't catch that/I didn't catch what you said." Ch✏a k⇣pmeans "not yet" and is used before a verb to express that something hasn't been able to be finished, mainly due to a lack of time or fast speed.
1. Tôi ch✏a k⇣p g⌘i anh ⇤y. - "I was not able to call him yet." (because he was walking so fast and didn't notice me)
2. Tôi ch✏a k⇣p hi✓u. - "I haven't understood yet." (because of a complicated explanation or fast speaking speed)
Ch◆m l i m⌃t chút means "a bit slower." If you have difficulty understanding your companion, or you want someone to do something more slowly, you say the verb indicating the action, followed by this phrase:-
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #3 - USEFUL PHRASES FOR LEARNING VIETNAMESE 5 1. Nói ch◆m l i m⌃t chút. (informal) - "Speak a bit more slowly, please." (among friends only, làm ↵n is not needed)
2. i ch◆m l i m⌃t chút (informal) - "Walk a bit more slowly, please." (informal)
Giúp tôi is a verb phrase meaning "help me" or "for me/to me." It is added to a request to express that "please do me a favor." A request without this phrase doesn't sound natural and polite enough, and it is even needed in informal situations when you don't say làm ↵n ("please").
1. Làm ↵n ch ⌦✏⌅ng giúp tôi. - "Please show me the direction."
2. ⌘c t này giúp tôi. - "Read this word for me."
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Boot Camp Lesson is Asking How to Say Something in Vietnamese.
For example: Xin h i, ______ti ng Vi t nói th nào?
"Excuse me, how do you say______in Vietnamese? "
The first word in this sentence means "excuse me" and is used to catch someone's attention and ask him/her a question. Then to ask "how do you say____ in Vietnamese?" you just put the English word you want to ask at the beginning of the question, followed by ti ng Vi t nói th nào? (literally "in Vietnamese say how") For example: Xin h i, "computer" ti ng Vi t nói th nào? - "Excuse me, how do you say "computer" in Vietnamese?" ti ng Vi t means "Vietnamese." When you want to ask about another language, just replace ti ng Vi t with that language. The rest remains unchanged. Xin h i, "computer" ti ng Nh◆t nói th nào? - "Excuse me, how do you say "computer" in Vietnamese?"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #3 - USEFUL PHRASES FOR LEARNING VIETNAMESE 6 LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #4 Counting from 1-100 in Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Vietnamese 3 English 4 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 5 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 4
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VIETNAMESE
1. Giang: m t (1),
2. Giang: và ,
3. Giang: hai (2),
4. Giang: và ,
5. Giang: ba (3),
6. Giang: và ,
7. Giang: b⇥n (4),
8. Giang: và ,
9. Giang: n⇤m (5),
10. Giang: và ,
11. Giang: sáu (6),
12. Giang: và ,
13. Giang: b⌅y (7),
14. Giang: và ,
15. Giang: tám (8),
CONT'D OVER
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 2 16. Giang: và ,
17. Giang: chín(9),
18. Giang: và ,
19. Giang: m⇧⌃i (10),
ENGLISH
1. A: One
2. B: And
3. A: Two,
4. B: And
5. A: Three,
6. B: And
7. A: Four,
8. B: And
9. A: Five,
10. B: And
CONT'D OVER
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 3 11. A: Six,
12. B: And
13. A: Seven,
14. B: And
15. A: Eight,
16. B: And
17. A: Nine,
18. B: And
19. A: Ten
VOCABULARY
Vietnamese English
m t "One"
hai "Two"
ba "Three"
b⇥n "Four"
n⇤m "Five"
m⇧⌃i "Ten"
và "and"
sáu "Six"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 4 b⌅y "Seven"
tám "Eight"
chín "Nine"
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Cho tôi m t c⇥c cà phê. Cho tôi hai vé ⇤i Hà N i
"One coffee please." "Two tickets to Hanoi please."
Tôi mu⇥n mua ba quy⌅n sách. Tôi s⇧ ⌃ Hà N i b⇥n ngày.
"I want to buy three books." "I'll stay in Hanoi for four days."
Anh ⌥y ⇤ã ⇤ i ⌃ sân bay n m ti⌦ng r↵i. Tôi mu⇥n mua m i gói k o d✏a.
"He has been waiting for five hours in the "I would like ten packs of coconut candies airport." please!"
Còn sáu phút n⇣a là bu⌘i hòa nh✓c b◆t Anh ⌥y ⇤ã s⇥ng ⌃ Hà N i b y n m r↵i.
⇤u. "He lived in Hanoi for seven years." "There are six minutes left till the beginning of the concert."
Vé xem phim giá tám m i ngàn ⇤↵ng. Anh ⌥y ⇤ã ⇤⌦n Vi⌫t Nam chín ln r↵i.
"The ticket to a movie theater costs eighty "He's been to Vietnam nine times." thousand dong."
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
Numbers From Eleven to Twenty
As you can see, m ⇥i is "ten." To form "eleven," just add m ⇥i m⇤t, which is "ten" then "one."
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 5 To form "twelve," add m ⇥i hai, which is "ten" and "two." Follow this process until m ⇥i chín, ("nineteen") and we have "ten and nine." The only exception is "fifteen." Instead of saying m ⇥i n⌅m ("ten and five"), we say m ⇥i l⌅m. The matching rule is the same as other numbers. Only the pronunciation of "five" is different. L⌅m is said instead of n⌅m.
Hai m ⇧i is used for "twenty," which means "two and ten." Hai is "two" and m ⇧iis also m ⇥i. The change in the tone is just due to the speaking habit. The level tone makes the word easier to pronounce and remember.
Here are some more examples:
Vietnamese "English"
m ⇥i m⇤t n⌅m "eleven years"
m ⇥i hai xe ô tô "twelve cars"
m ⇥i sáu tu⌃i "sixteen years old"
hai m ⇧i ng ⇥i "twenty people"
Multiples of Ten
This follows the same rule as we form "twenty." This means "thirty" is ba m ⇧i ("three and ten"), forty is b⌥n m ⇧i ("four and ten"). Keep going until we have chín m ⇧i, which is "ninety." M⇤t tr⌅m is tword for "one hundred."
Other Compound Numbers
We form other compound numbers in the same way we form the English numbers, that is, by placing numbers from one to nine after twenty, thirty, forty, fifty...ninety.
For Example:
1. hai m ⇧i b⌥n t ng - "twenty-four stories"
2. b⌥n m ⇧i hai phut - "forty-two minutes"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 6 3. tám m ⇧i sáu ph n tr⌅m - "eighty-six percent"
The exceptions are the numbers ending with one and five. We know that "one" is m⇤t but when it is put after the multiple of ten, it becomes m⌥t. Again, there is a change in the tone of word. M⇤t is the heavy falling tone while m⌥t is the high rising tone. And n⌅m is "five" but when it becomes the units digit of a number, it is pronounced as l⌅m: l instead of n. This is also due to speaking habits. For example, hai m ⇧i m⌥t ("twenty one"), hai m ⇧i l⌅m ("twenty five"), b⌥n m ⇧i m⌥t ("forty one") and b⌥n m ⇧i l⌅m ("forty five").
Numbers ending with "four" (except "fourteen") also have another pronunciation. B⌥n, as a units digit can be pronounced as t . For example ba m ⇧i b⌥n or ba m ⇧i t ("thirty four"), n⌅m m ⇧i b⌥n or n⌅m m ⇧i t (fifty four). T has Chinese origin and this pronunciation is even more popular than b⌥n.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of The Lesson is Vietnamese Numerals.
From the point of view of the word order, Vietnamese numerals are different from English in that the number comes first, followed by the noun classifier and finally the noun (no plural form). Some nouns do not need a classifier, though. The nouns in Vietnamese won't change even when the number is more than one. Basic noun classifiers:
1. The general classifier for objects is cái. For example: cái bánh ("a cake"), cái bút ("a pen"), cái áo ("a shirt").
2. The general classifier for animals is con. For example: con gà ("a chicken"), con ng a ("a horse"), con g⌦u ("a bear").
3. The general classifier for books, notebooks, magazines and the like is quy↵n. For example: quy↵n v ("a notebook"), quy↵n sách ("a book").
Examples of numeral noun phrases:
1. m⇤t vé/m⇤t cái vé - "one ticket"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 7 2. ba ng ⇥i - "three people"
3. b⌥n m ⇧i n⌅m - "forty years"
4. m ⇥i bông hoa - "ten flowers"
5. sáu cái ô - "six umbrellas"
6. m ⇥i hai con gà - "twelve chickens"
Cardinal vs Ordinal Numbers
What we learned above are cardinal numbers. To form ordinal number, add th which literally means "order" before the cardinal numbers. There are only two exceptions: "the first" and "the fourth." Instead of saying th m⇤t, we say th nh⌦t ("the first") and instead of saying th b⌥n we say th t ("the fourth"). Both nh⌦t ("first") and t ("fourth") have Chinese origin.
Vietnamese Vietnamese Cardinal Ordinal English Cardinal English Ordinal
m⇤t th nh⌦t "one" "the first"
hai th hai "two" "the second"
ba th ba "three" "the third"
b⌥n th t "four" "the fourth"
n⌅m th n⌅m "five" "the fifth"
sáu th sáu "six" "the sixth"
b y th b y "seven" "the seventh"
tám th tám "eight" "the eighth"
chín th chín "nine" "the ninth"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 8 m ⇥i th m ⇥i "ten" "the tenth" m ⇥i m⇤t th m ⇥i m⇤t "eleven" "the eleventh" m ⇥i hai th m ⇥i hai "twelve" "the twelfth"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #4 - COUNTING FROM 1-100 IN VIETNAMESE 9 LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #5 Counting from 100-1,000,000 in Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Vietnamese 2 English 3 Vocabulary 4 Sample Sentences 5 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 6 Grammar
# 5
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VIETNAMESE
1. A: m t tr⇥m
2. B: hai tr⇥m
3. A: ba tr⇥m
4. B: b⇤n tr⇥m
5. A: n⇥m tr⇥m
6. B: sáu tr⇥m
7. A: b⌅y tr⇥m
8. B: tám tr⇥m
9. A: chín tr⇥m
10. B: m t nghìn
11. A: n⇥m nghìn
12. B: m⇧⌃i nghìn
13. A: n⇥m m⇧⌥i nghìn
14. B: m t tr⇥m nghìn
15. A: m t tri u
ENGLISH CONT'D OVER
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 2 1. A: One hundred
2. B: Two hundred
3. A: Three hundred
4. B: Four hundred
5. A: Five hundred
6. B: Six hundred
7. A: Seven hundred
8. B: Eight hundred
9. A: Nine hundred
10. B: One thousand
11. A: Five thousand
12. B: Ten thousand
13. A: Fifty thousand
14. B: One hundred thousand.
15. A: One million
VOCABULARY
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 3 Vietnamese English Class
m t tr⇥m "100, one hundred" noun
hai tr⇥m "200, two hundred" noun
ba tr⇥m "300, three hundred" noun
b⇤n tr⇥m "400, four hundred" noun
n⇥m tr⇥m "500, five hundred" noun
sáu tr⇥m "600, six hundred" noun
b⌅y tr⇥m "700, seven hundred" noun
tám tr⇥m "800, eight hundred"
chín tr⇥m "900, nine hundred"
m t nghìn "1,000 / one thousand" noun
n⇥m nghìn "5,000 / five thousand"
m⇧⌃i nghìn "10,000 / ten thousand" noun
n⇥m m⇧⌥i nghìn "50,000 / fifty thousand"
"100,000 / one hundred m t tr⇥m nghìn thousand"
m t tri u "1,000,000 / one million" noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Ông y ⇥ã s⇤ng m⌅t tr⇧m n⇧m. Khoa kinh t⌃ có hai tr⇧m sinh viên.
"He has lived one hundred years." "The department of economics has two hundred students"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 4 Thành ph⇤ này ba tr⇧m n⇧m tu⌥i. Cu⌅c thi này có b⇤n tr⇧m ng i tham
gia. "This city is three hundred years old." "There are four hundred participants in this competition."
Công ty chúng tôi có n⇧m tr⇧m nhân Cô y có m⌅t b⌅ s u t⌦p sáu tr⇧m ⇥ôi viên. giày.
"There are five hundred employees "She has a six-hundred-pair shoe working in our company." collection"
↵i tàu ⇥⌃n Kyoto h⌃t b y tr⇧m yên. C⌥ v⌦t này ⇥ã chín tr⇧m n⇧m tu⌥i.
"It costs seven hundred yen to go to Kyoto "The antique was nine hundred years old." by train"
Tôi nh t ⇥ c m⌅t nghìn ⇥✏ng
"I found one thousand dong"
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
100 M t tr⇥m is "one hundred" in Vietnamese, so tr⇥m means "hundred." Simply add tr⇥m to the end of "one" through to "nine" to form numbers "one hundred" to "nine hundred." For example, hai tr⇥m means "two hundred," sáu tr⇥m means "six hundred" and chín tr⇥m means "nine hundred."
Vietnamese "English"
m t tr⇥m "one hundred"
hai tr⇥m "two hundred"
ba tr⇥m "three hundred"
b⇤n tr⇥m "four hundred"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 5 n⇥m tr⇥m "five hundred" sáu tr⇥m "six hundred" b⌅y tr⇥m "seven hundred" tám tr⇥m "eight hundred" chín tr⇥m "nine hundred" m t nghìn "one thousand"
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is How to Learn Larger Numbers in Vietnamese.
The easiest way to remember large Vietnamese numbers is to understand their structure first. In the previous Boot Camp lesson, we covered the numbers one to one hundred. As you may remember, the most important thing was to memorize the numbers from "one" to "ten," and then build larger numbers by modifying endings, adding or dropping some parts, and so on. There are exceptions among the common rules, but in general, Vietnamese numbers have a strong logical system according to which numbers are built.
1000 Here, things are just as easy. Like tr⇥m ("hundred") we add -nghìn ("thousand)," to the end of "one" through to "nine." For example m t nghìn is "one thousand." Hai nghìn is "two thousand" and so on. For Example: From 1000 to 9000
Vietnamese "English"
m t nghìn "one thousand"
hai nghìn "two thousand"
ba nghìn "three thousand"
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 6 b⇤n nghìn "four thousand" n⇥m nghìn "five thousand sáu nghìn "six thousand" b⌅y nghìn "seven thousand" tám nghìn "eight thousand" chín nghìn "nine thousand"
Follow the same rule for bigger numbers. Just as in English, we add nghìn ("thousand") to the end of the numbers from "ten" to "ninety." Then we have numbers from 10,000 to 100,000.
Vietnamese "English"
m⇧⌃i nghìn "ten thousand"
hai m⇧⌥i nghìn "twenty thousand"
ba m⇧⌥i nghìn "thirty thousand"
b⇤n m⇧⌥i nghìn "forty thousand"
n⇥m m⇧⌥i nghìn "fifty thousand"
sáu m⇧⌥i nghìn "sixty thousand"
b⌅y m⇧⌥i nghìn "seventy thousand"
tám m⇧⌥i nghìn "eighty thousand"
chín m⇧⌥i nghìn "ninety thousand"
m t tr⇥m nghìn "one hundred thousand"
All the way up to chín tr⇥m nghìn ("nine hundred thousand"), , the system is logical and easy, just like the English number system. Just remember that all the numbers are contracted into
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 7 one long word. E.g. M t tr⇥m ba m⇧⌥i hai nghìn b⇤n tr⇥m chín m⇧⌥i sáu in Vietnamese would be "One hundred and thirty two thousand four hundred and ninety six" in English. :
It may be overwhelming to read, but you'll gradually get used to it. Also notice that in English you put an "and" before the units digit of a number but in Vietnamese you won't need to add anything. No matter how long it is, just say the number in the order from the thousands, to the hundreds, to the tens and the units digit. The same things work for even larger numbers. So hai nghìn m⇧⌃i m t is "two thousand and eleven." M⇧⌃i nghìn hai tr⇥m tám m⇧⌥i b⌅y is "Ten thousand two hundred and eighty seven."
1,000,000 Tri u in Vietnamese is "million."The same rule as "hundred" and "thousand" is also applied here. For example m t tri u is "one million" and hai tri u is"two million" and so on.
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #5 - COUNTING FROM 100-1,000,000 IN VIETNAMESE 8 LESSON NOTES All About #1 Top Reasons to Learn Vietnamese
CONTENTS
2 Grammar
# 1
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is the History of Vietnamese, and the Best Reasons to Learn Vietnamese
I. Linguistics Vietnamese is the official language of Vietnam and is the mother tongue of 85% of Vietnamese people and more than four million overseas Vietnamese. It is also the second language of many ethnic minorities of Vietnam. Vietnamese belongs to the Austro-Asiatic language family, which is known as the language family of Southeast Asia. Vietnamese has experienced a long history of development and is associated with the Vietnamese people's strong nationalism and creativity throughout a persistent process of country establishment and protection. The rich and long history of the Vietnamese language can be summarized in three main stages: Chinese-influenced stage, French-influenced stage and Vietnamese alphabet development. Under more than 1,000 years of Chinese colonization, Chinese was used as the main spoken and written language for administrative, educational, artistic and literary purposes in Vietnam. It was not until the 10th century that the demotic system called ch Nôm, a writing system using the Chinese characters with modified phonetic elements to suit the tones of the Vietnamese language, was invented to express the terms that did not exist in Chinese. From the 15th century on, the literature genre using ch Nôm was strongly developed, Vietnamese vocabulary was enriched, and many Chinese-originated words were Vietnamized. After the French invasion in the second half of the 19th century, French gradually took the place of Chinese as the official language used in education, administration and diplomacy. Along with the struggle for independence from French colonialism, the Vietnamese alphabet, known as ch qu⇥c ng , was invented by some Western priests by using Latin characters to express Vietnamese. The Vietnamese alphabet was gradually modified and increasingly used in many aspects of life. It became the official language of Vietnam after the national independence from French colonization in 1945. Vietnamese is a tonal language that uses six main diacritics to denote the tone of words. It is spoken with different accents by people from the North, Middle and the South of Vietnam. Northern Vietnamese is considered the standard Vietnamese and it is also used in this series of lessons.
II. About Vietnam Vietnam is located in the East of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. The country
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM ALL ABOUT #1 - TOP REASONS TO LEARN VIETNAMESE 2 borders China to the North, Laos and Cambodia to the West, and the South China Sea to the East. Gaining its national independence and reunification in 1975, the country was named The Socialist Republic of Vietnam and this has been the official name of Vietnam to this day. The capital city is Ha Noi, the largest city in Northern Vietnam and the second largest city in the country, second only to Ho Chi Minh city in the south. Vietnam has a tropical monsoon climate in the South with two seasons (dry and rainy seasons) and a monsoon climate in the North with four seasons all year round. Enjoying a favorable geographical location, the country is rich in natural resources, and has diversified natural attractions ranging from mountains and seas to forests and highlands. Two historic relics recognized by UNESCO as World Natural Heritage are Ha Long Bay in the north and Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park in north central Vietnam. Moreover, a variety of ethnic groups and a history that traces back thousands of years have made Vietnamese culture of interest to people from many countries around the world.
III. Where Vietnamese is Spoken Vietnamese is mainly spoken by around 76 million people in Vietnam (85% of the total population) and over four million overseas Vietnamese (1.8 million of which live in the U.S).
IV. Writing System and Pronunciation Modern Vietnamese uses the Vietnamese alphabet as its writing system. It consists of 22 Latin characters like in English (except f, j, w and z) and seven modified ones with diacritics. There are also ten digraphs and one trigraph. Vietnamese has a large number of vowels, which include monophthongs, diphthongs and triphthongs. Each Vietnamese word is pronounced with an inherent tone, marked by a diacritic just above or below the main vowel of that word. There six main tones in Vietnamese: mid level, gradual falling, high rising, mid dipping falling, broken rising and heaving falling tones.
V. Why it is Important: The Top Reasons to Learn Vietnamese Are...
1. Learning Vietnamese is fun! In many cases when the order of the words in one sentence is changed, another sentence with a different meaning is formed. Using the same group of words to create a number of meaningful sentences is an interesting part of Vietnamese language.
2. Vietnam has great economic potential. In recent years, its impressive economic growth has made Vietnam a promising place for overseas investment. Knowing Vietnamese is a further step on your way to success in doing business in Vietnam.
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM ALL ABOUT #1 - TOP REASONS TO LEARN VIETNAMESE 3 3. Vietnam is a beautiful country! Rich in natural and cultural attractions, Vietnam is becoming one of the must-see tourist destinations in the world. Learning Vietnamese gives you more opportunities to get a deeper understanding of this beautiful and interesting country and its people.
4. It's easy! Vietnamese is among the few Asian languages that uses Latin characters instead of complicated characters like Chinese and Japanese. That makes it more convenient for English speakers to read and write Vietnamese and make quick progress while learning!
VIETNAMESEPOD101.COM ALL ABOUT #1 - TOP REASONS TO LEARN VIETNAMESE 4 LESSON NOTES All About #2 The Vietnamese Writing System
CONTENTS
2 Grammar
# 2
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is the Vietnamese Writing System
The Vietnamese alphabet is easy to learn because it uses the same alphabet as English, plus some more letters with diacritics.
Alphabet
The Vietnamese alphabet consists of 29 letters, inclusive of 22 letters that are also in English, plus seven additional ones with diacritics. The letters f, j, w and z are not used in Vietnamese. Besides single letters, there are nine digraphs and one trigraph, which are used as consonants when forming a word. Using diacritics is the most prominent characteristic of Vietnamese writing system. There are nine diacritics, four of which create additional sounds and the other five of which mark the tone of a word. Please be aware that diacritics are applied above or below a vowel.