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PHILOSOPHICAL and SOCIOLOGICAL BASES of EDUCATION Reviewer ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY [Accredited with ‘A+’ Grade by NAAC (CGPA:3.64) in the Third Cycle and Graded as Category–I University by MHRD-UGC] (A State University Established by the Government of Tamil Nadu) KARAIKUDI – 630 003 Directorate of Distance Education M.A. (Education) I - Semester 348 11 PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL BASES OF EDUCATION Reviewer Associate Professor, Department of Education, Dr. M. Vasimalairaja Directorate of Distance Education, Alagappa University, Karaikudi Authors: Dr. Harish Kumar, Associate Professor AIE, Amity University, Noida Units (1, 2.0-2.1, 2.3-2.10, 4.2.4, 5.0-5.3, 6.0-6.2.3, 7.0-7.2.1, 9.5, 8.0-8.1, 8.4.2, 8.5.2, 9.0-9.1, 9.3-9.3.2, 9.4, 13.3-13.3.3, 14.0-14.4) Dr. Shruti Kant Pandey, Lecturer in Education, Amity Institute of Education, Noida Units (1, 2.0-2.1, 2.3-2.10, 4.2.4, 5.0-5.3, 6.0-6.2.3, 7.0-7.2.1, 9.5) Poonam Mohapatra, Research Scholar, JNU, Delhi Units (2.2, 7.3, 11.0-11.1, 11.3) JC Aggarwal, Deputy Director of Education (Retd.), Directorate of Education, Delhi Units (3.2.3-3.2.4, 3.2.8, 4.3.2, 8.3, 9.2, 10.4, 11.4-11.4.3) Dr Jyoti Trehan Sharma, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Indraprastha College for Women, University of Delhi Dr. Monica M Nandi, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Indraprastha College for Women, University of Delhi Dr Nivedita Giri, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Kalindi College, University of Delhi Units (7.4, 12.0-12.2.6) Dr. Namrata Prasad, Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Bapu Post Graduate College, Pipiganj, Gorakhpur (UP) Unit (13.2-13.2.9) Vikas® Publishing House Units (3.0-3.2.2, 3.2.5-3.2.7, 3.2.9-3.7, 4.0-4.2.3, 4.3-4.3.1, 4.4-4.8, 5.4-5.9, 6.2.4-6.7, 7.3.1, 7.5-7.9, 8.2-8.2.1, 8.4-8.4.1, 8.5-8.5.1, 8.5.3-8.10, 9.3.3, 9.4.1, 9.6-9.10, 10.0-10.2, 10.3, 10.4.1-10.4.2, 10.5-10.9, 11.2-11.2.2, 11.5-11.9, 12.2.7-12.7, 13.0-13.1, 13.3.4- 13.4.3, 13.5-13.9, 14.5-14.11) "The copyright shall be vested with Alagappa University" All rights reserved. No part of this publication which is material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or transmitted or utilized or stored in any form or by any means now known or hereinafter invented, electronic, digital or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu. Information contained in this book has been published by VIKAS® Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. and has been obtained by its Authors from sources believed to be reliable and are correct to the best of their knowledge. However, the Alagappa University, Publisher and its Authors shall in no event be liable for any errors, omissions or damages arising out of use of this information and specifically disclaim any implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for any particular use. Vikas® is the registered trademark of Vikas® Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. VIKAS® PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT. LTD. E-28, Sector-8, Noida - 201301 (UP) Phone: 0120-4078900 • Fax: 0120-4078999 Regd. Office: A-27, 2nd Floor, Mohan Co-operative Industrial Estate, New Delhi 1100 44 • Website: www.vikaspublishing.com • Email: [email protected] Work Order No. AU/DDE/DE1-238/Preparation and Printing of Course Materials/2018 Dated 30.08.2018 Copies - 500 SYLLABI-BOOK MAPPING TABLE Philosophical and Sociological Bases of Education BLOCK 1: EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY UNIT I: Philosophical Perspectives of Education Education - Meaning, scope and objectives-philosophy-meaning and Unit 1: Philosophical Perspectives of scope-philosophy of education-meaning and scope-relationship between Education education and philosophy - major systems of philosophy of education - (Pages 1-26); idealism, naturalism, pragmatism, and democracy and their views on Unit 2: Education and Indian education. Philosophers UNIT II: Education and Indian Philosophers (Pages 27-48); Major schools of Indian philosophy-Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism- Unit 3: Education and Western Educational doctrines of great thinkers of India-Swami Vivekananda, Philosophers Rabindranath Tagore, Mahatma Gandhi and Sri Aurobindo-relevance of (Pages 49-68); Indian Values to modern education and administration of ducation. Unit 4: Education and Philosophy UNIT III: Education and Western Philosophers (Pages 69-85) Great thinkers of the West-Plato, Rousseau, Frobel, Montessori, Macaulay’s Minutes, Bentinck’s Resolutions, Adim’s Report, John Dewey- Relevance of western values to modern education and administration of education UNIT IV: Education and Philosophy Relationship between Education and Philosophy: Meaning of Philosophy, meaning of Education. -Different branches of philosophy viz. Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology. Radical Thoughts in education: De-schooling - Ivan Illich, Consciencetisation - Paulo Friere. BLOCK 2: PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION AND SOCIOLOGY PERPECTIVES UNIT V: Education and Philosophical Schools Marxism - Evaluations of the Traditional Marxist Perspective on Education- Unit 5: Education and Philosophical Existentialism - development - an existential approach to education – Schools Humanism – meaning- concept- and their impact on Education. (Pages 86-103) UNIT VI: Vedic Education and Philosophy Unit 6: Vedic Education and Philosophy (Pages 104-117) Indian schools of Philosophy and their educational implications. -Vedant, Sankhya, Yog, Nayaya, Vaisheshik, Mimansa, -Buddhism, -Jainism.- The Unit 7: Other Religional Philosophy thematic contents of Upanishads and Bhagwat Gita and their educational in Education implications. (Pages 118-142) UNIT VII: Other Religional Philosophy in Education Unit 8: Sociological Perspectives of Education Philosophy of Islam and its educational implications.- Philosophy of (Pages 143-158) Christianity and its educational implications.- National values enshrined in the India constitution and their educational implications. UNIT VIII: Sociological Perspectives of Education Sociology of Education-meaning - scope-relationship between education and sociology- functions of education in society - assimilation and transmission of culture/traditions - activation of constructive and creative forces - need to study sociology of education -social institutions such as family, community, educational institution. BLOCK 3: SOCIALIZATION AND NATIONAL INTEGRATION UNIT IX: Socialization State and property-education and culture-moral and religious education- Unit 9: Socialization socialization of the learner- meaning of socialization-learning social (Pages 159-175); expectations and social manners- factors promoting socialization. Unit 10: Socialistic Pattern of Society UNIT X: Socialistic Pattern of Society (Pages 176-193); Development of new social patterns - Education for new social order and Unit 11: Education and Nation socialistic pattern of society-education as an instrument of social change- Intergration education as related to social equity and equality of educational (Pages 194-208) opportunities. UNIT XI: Education and Nation Intergration Nationalism- Meaning of Nationalism- Demerits of Extreme form of Nationalism- Merits of genuine form of Nationalism- National Integration – Meaning of National Integration- problems of national integration, educational measures to ensure national integration- national integration committee. BLOCK 4: VALUES AND SOCIAL CHANGE UNIT XII: Natioanal Values Enshrined in Our Constitution Fundmental rights-article 14 (Rights to equality in general)- Article 15(1) Unit 12: National Values Enshrined (Right to equality in Particular)- Article 15(3) (provision for women, SCs, in our Constitution STs, OBCs) – Article 19 (1) (Right to freedom)Article 21 (Right to life and (Pages 209-222); personal liberty) – Article 45 of the Indian constitution and objectives of primary education. Unit 13: Social Change in India (Pages 223-251); UNIT XIII: Social Change in India Unit 14: Education and Social Mobility Constraints on social change in India such as caste, class, language, (Pages 252-272) religion and regionalism-education for downtrodden such as schedule caste, tribal and rural mass- education of women-problems and programmes promoting women’s empowerment. UNIT XIV: Education and Social Mobility Education and social mobility of the individual and the community-social stratification and mobility-reservation policies of the government to minimize social inequality – education for national integration and international understanding-education in tackling terrorism and maintaining global peace. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BLOCK I: EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY UNIT 1 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF EDUCATION 1-26 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Objectives 1.2 Meaning and Scope of Philosophy 1.3 Meaning and Scope of Education 1.3.1 Education as Continuous Reorganization and Integration of Activities and Experiences 1.3.2 Relationship between Education and Philosophy 1.4 Major Systems of Philosophy of Education 1.4.1 Idealism 1.4.2 Naturalism 1.4.3 Pragmatism 1.4.4 Democracy and their Views on Education 1.5 Answers to Check Your Progress Questions 1.6 Summary 1.7 Key Words 1.8 Self Assessment Questions and Exercises 1.9 Further Readings UNIT 2 EDUCATION AND INDIAN PHILOSOPHERS 27-48 2.0 Introduction 2.1 Objectives 2.2 Hinduism 2.3 Buddhism 2.3.1 The Four Noble Truths 2.4 Jainism 2.4.1 Metaphysical Aspects of Jainism and Its Aims of Education 2.5 Educational Doctrines of Great Thinkers of India 2.5.1 Swami Vivekananda 2.5.2 Rabindranath Tagore 2.5.3 Mahatma Gandhi 2.5.4 Sri Aurobindo
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