OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 RESEARCH 1

CONTENTS THE CHALLENGE n Two-thirds of humankind live in developing countries, where most of the world’s worst deprivation is located. Understanding these societies is of central importance to any enquiry into the human condition. 3 n International action to reduce poverty, inequality, and vulnerability of FROM THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT people and nations must be based on critical yet rigorous knowledge. STUDY 4 n Universities have a special duty to create and share this. WHAT WE CAN CONTRIBUTE RESEARCH 10 n The seven postgraduate programmes and five specialised research 18 groups of the Oxford Department of International Development give IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT us unequalled depth of scholarship in key themes of this enquiry. EVENTS 24 n We specialise in academic research and research training, drawing on a worldwide network of partners. We are not constrained by aid agency agendas, and thus can explore new and old problems from PUBLICATIONS 30 a critical standpoint. 38 n Oxford’s engagement with international development is based on the PEOPLE quality of our scholarly research and postgraduate research training, which in turn influences both the global epistemic community and contested policy agendas. n Our interdisciplinary approach has strong roots in Oxford faculties (economics, politics and international relations, anthropology, population health, sociology, history, law, geography, management, and area studies) and multidisciplinary graduate colleges. OUR OBJECTIVES n Influencing the theory, analysis, and practice of development worldwide to the benefit of disadvantaged people and countries; supporting international networks and local institutions involved in this endeavour. n Worldwide attraction of the best postgraduate students; recruitment of outstanding scholars to faculty; adding to our network of leading development research institutions; bringing key visitors to Oxford. n Endowment of scholarships, with a particular focus on enabling students from countries in the global South to read for our degrees. Anders Moller, MPhil in Development Studies 2014-16 Studies MPhil in Development Moller, Anders 2 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 3

FROM THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

WELCOME TO THE 2019 ODID REPORT

This is the third annual report I have been pushing hard to bring their current had the pleasure to introduce, but it is research to fruition and inevitably the also the last before I pass on the role of jargon of ‘outputs’, ‘impact’, ‘eligibility’ Head of Department to my colleague, and ‘environment statements’ has Professor Diego Sánchez-Ancochea. started to season our conversations. Preparing my handover notes in the But at the same time we are investing last couple of weeks, I have been heavily in new research and new ideas sorting through the small mountain of and it has been exciting to see so many papers and files that chronicle my time research grants and renewals coming as Head of Department. They make through in the course of the year. fascinating reading. Whether it is the On the teaching side, we continue to reviews of fellowship and research grant attract the finest students from across applications (and the numerous letters the world and, I believe, provide them of congratulation to those who have with the graduate training to match. I been successful), the drafts of opening would like to thank all of my colleagues remarks for our many public lectures, involved in our teaching programme – the letters of welcome to visitors and course directors, lecturers, supervisors, affiliates, the reports on colleagues’ teaching assistants and our team sabbatical leave, or even just the ‘notes- of course administrators – for their to-self’ on my regular meetings with matters are quiet – we are still here, fantastic commitment to what continues but the building has been sold, the colleagues and students, this mini- to be one of the best International archive never fails to remind me of the proceeds invested with the University, Development programmes anywhere in and our tenancy has been secured remarkable energy that flows through the world. the ODID community. This report through to 2033, if required. There has been progress, however. A new home provides only a brief snapshot of our It has also been the year in which we for ODID is now firmly established as activities over the last year but I hope it saw our first social enterprise ‘spin-out’ one of the division’s priority strategic also give you a sense of the excitement take off, with the launch of sOPHIa, an projects and, as I write, we are awaiting and intellectual engagement that makes innovative not-for-profit organisation the outcome of an exciting new us tick. designed to bring the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative’s architectural competition which may Some of us got a sense of this energy path-breaking work on poverty offer us a possible future site. Whether in June during the Vice Chancellor’s visit measurement into the world of this works for us is not yet clear, but we to the department, for which we laid international business. In conjunction are hopeful. on a set of fascinating research ‘flash with Oxford University Innovation In closing, and as we prepare for a talks’ (it really is impressive what can (OUI), sOPHIa has established offices in new cohort of students in October, be conveyed in four minutes!). The Vice Oxford and in Boston, Massachusetts, let me say farewell to our graduating Chancellor admitted to being unaware and has already begun work in a number students – most especially the of the full breadth and relevance of the of companies in Central America. You remarkably large number of DPhils work we do here in ODID and, thus can read about sOPHIa on p 14. And as who have successfully graduated this encouraged, we are hoping to launch a I write, Professor Xiaolan Fu, Director year – and to our colleagues who have series of web-based video talks in the of the Technology and Management left the department. I wish all of you course of the coming year to take our Centre for Development, is also working well. Let me also add, on a personal research to a wider audience. Please look with OUI to bring her methodology on note, my sincere thanks to my friends out for them! early-stage valuation of tech companies and co-workers in the department in the global South to market. ‘Flash talks’ aside, this year has been for their support and encouragement one of both consolidation and progress. And finally, an update on an issue I over the past three years: it has been On the research side, with REF2021 mentioned last year, namely our future a great pleasure to serve as Head of beginning to loom large, colleagues have in our current home. On the surface, Department.

Professor Christopher Adam 31 July 2019 Frances Cossar, DPhil in International Development DPhil in International Cossar, Frances 4 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 STUDY 5

266 OUR COURSES STUDY students DOCTORAL STUDY

The DPhil in International Development specialisms, with notable strengths in of ways: through funding to meet their provides an opportunity for outstanding Africa, Asia, and Latin America. needs at various stages of their research; students to pursue in-depth research into Our research groups also provide a rich via a dedicated study area, the Loft, which processes of social, political, and economic source of data and case-study material. provides a friendly and welcoming space development and change in the global For Migration Studies, our students for peer support and networking; and South. The new DPhil in Migration Studies benefit from the involvement of two by providing dedicated guidance from 7 offers students the chance to focus on renowned research centres: the Refugee the Director of Doctoral Research, who degree a specific and important contemporary Studies Centre (RSC) at ODID and the is available for student assistance and challenge facing the world. Centre on Migration, Policy and Society consultation. courses (COMPAS) at the School of Anthropology Our DPhil students are able to draw on For the first time we are also now offering and Museum Ethnography. the expertise of scholars in a wide variety students the chance to undertake doctoral of disciplines and a range of regional We support our students in a variety study on a part-time basis.

Students The following DPhil students completed* their doctoral work during 2018/19 Geraldine Adiku Agricultural development, Alexandra Panman from Wolfson mechanisation, and rental markets: St John’s The remittance debate reconsidered: theory and empirics from Ghana Urban lives and urban legends: 55 interrogating transnational Evan Easton-Calabria re-examining the slum in countries transfers between Ghanaian Linacre Dar es Salaam, Tanzania migrants in the United Kingdom Subjects of self-reliance: a critical Caitlin Procter and their relatives in Ghana history of refugees and development St Antony’s Olanshile Akintola Santiago Izquierdo Tort Claiming the state: the everyday Jesus St Cross lives of Palestinian refugee Beyond greed and grievance: Payments, ecosystems and youth in East Jerusalem 83% understanding the multi-causal development: payments for Felipe Roa-Clavijo students factors of the Niger Delta conflicts environmental services (PES) in the St Antony’s Hani Awad Mexican Lacandona rainforest Rethinking rural development, food from outside Hertford Paul Kellner and agriculture in Colombia: Lodewijk Van Dycke, MPhil in Development Studies 2017-19 Studies MPhil in Development Dycke, Van Lodewijk the UK ‘Forgotten as history’: space and Green Templeton examination of competing narratives politics in the Cairo peri-urban fringe ‘...Jalanan are also the nation’s during the agrarian strikes and Nora Bardelli children...’: street-associated youth negotiations 2013-2016 The department offers two doctoral Migration Studies, on other doctoral Lincoln identities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Emilio Travieso programmes, a two-year MPhil programmes in Oxford, and ‘The refugee’ reproduced, negotiated, Chloe Lewis Campion Hall course, and four nine-month MSc elsewhere in the world. and represented: hierarchies of Linacre Reason to hope: economic, courses to around 260 students. Our degrees are also closely tied Malian refugeeness in Burkina Faso Gender protection/protecting gender: social, and ecological virtuous Students on our courses benefit into our research activity, which 62% Lennart Bolliger rethinking responses to sexual violence circles in Chiapas, Mexico from small class sizes, personal means that our recent findings can female Wolfson in armed conflict and its aftermath Nathaniel Ware supervision by world-class academics, be used in the classroom and student students Apartheid’s African soldiers: a Alejandro Olayo Mendez Magdalen and a vibrant and diverse community work can contribute to our research history of black Namibian and Campion Hall The relationship between impact of peers. Our degrees offer flexibility programmes. Angolan members of South Migration, poverty, and violence in investing mechanism design in learning, with a range of optional Africa’s former security forces, Mexico: the role of casas de migrantes and social value creation Graduates of the department 1975 to the present courses to enable students to Julia Pacitto Barbara Zeus pursue a wide range of careers match their study to their interests. Arnold Chamunogwa Lincoln St Antony’s With top-quality training in research after completing their studies St Antony’s Roads to asylum: refugees’ and Refugee education between methods and the opportunity – in international organisations, Power at the margins of asylum seekers’ journeys humanitarian and development to develop research ideas through government agencies, the private post-colonial states in Africa: towards exile in the UK assistance – a configurational 40% remaking authority on fast-track a dissertation, our master’s courses sector, international NGOs, and Ankita Pandey comparative analysis across low- resettlement farms in Zimbabwe provide a solid basis for outstanding social enterprises, or as academics in students Wolfson and middle-income host countries students to proceed to doctoral universities and research institutions funded Frances Cossar Movement allies: the politics of civil study, on our own DPhils in across the world. Many also pursue St Antony’s rights activism in India (1960s-1980s) International Development and further studies. *given leave to supplicate 6 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 STUDY 7

ALUMNUS PROFILE MPHIL IN Our first-year MPhil students DEVELOPMENT conducted fieldwork in 22 Brian Mwesigwa countries over the summer Special Assistant to the Minister STUDIES Cameroon of Foreign Affairs, Uganda The two-year MPhil in Agency and identity of internally displaced MSc in Global Governance and Development Studies provides a persons at the centre of the ongoing Diplomacy 2014–15 rigorous and critical introduction ‘Anglophone crisis’ in Cameroon to development as a process of I enrolled in the MSc in Global managed and unmanaged change Canada Governance and Diplomacy in 2014 in societies in the global South. with a few years’ experience in the “We wish we didn’t have to exist”: the Students study theoretical paradox of non-profit organisations and Foreign Service, seeking to equip indigenous community development myself with the kind of knowledge, skills, contributions to the field of and resources only a place like Oxford Minister of Foreign Affairs, a position development and major themes China could afford. that requires reading with a critical and scholars in the field; they How digital technology applied by eye and keeping abreast of the latest study research methods; they Even as a practitioner, the MSc in Global the private company can affect developments. follow foundation courses in Governance and Diplomacy helped inclusive development in China: the Economics; History and Politics; treatment of hypertension in India Netherlands and Rwanda me to truly appreciate the essence of I am privileged to witness and case of big data model in Mybank and Social Anthropology; and Genocidal rape: feminism, critical diplomacy and the diplomat’s raison contribute to the formulation and How does the category of humanitarian they choose from a wide range explanations and the legacy of Colombia emergencies disrupt routine d’etre, allowing me to make sense of coordination of foreign policy at the of optional courses. The capstone the ICTR development by aid NGOs? the traditional or seemingly mundane highest level, the rigour and content of is a 30,000-word thesis, for Political agency in post-conflict aspects of our work, but perhaps the MSc having been good preparation reintegration: the case of female which students usually conduct Nigeria even more importantly, raising my for the analytical, management, and ex-combatants in Colombia Jamaica fieldwork during the summer The political economy of special consciousness of emerging issues and coordination functions of the role. Trickle or flood? Examining manifestations between their first and second The effects of international investment economic zones (SEZs) in Nigeria: of austerity at sites of encounters the demands of the information age. I have come to truly appreciate the years. arbitration on environmental a comparative study of the Lekki between citizens and bureaucracies time and the network of friends and governance: explored through the case Free Trade Zone and the Ogun- Soon after leaving Oxford, I was in 21st-century Jamaica lecturers at ODID. 2018/19 Course Director: study of the Colombian Páramos Guangdong Free Trade Zone appointed Special Assistant to the Dr Cheryl Doss Jordan Côte d’Ivoire Pakistan The politics of water: examining the Breeding ground for revolt: security Development-induced displacement everyday practices of managing and sector reform and mutiny occurrences and citizenship: a case study of accessing water in Amman from a in Côte d’Ivoire (2010-17) the Orange Line Metro Train political ecology perspective Humanising Chinese labour in France Kenya developing countries: case study Post-resettlement refugee labour of a power station in Pakistan outcomes: investigating socioeconomic What are the perceived incentives and integration and employment in France challenges for a local NGO to create income-generating projects? South Africa Robots or rights: assessing Ghana Kenya and UK perceptions of technological Social and economic upgrading of change and automation among From the closet to the courts: Ghanaian smallholder farmers policy-relevant actors as exploring the politics of storytelling ‘pragmatic’ drivers of universal through the life histories of LGBT+ social policy in South Africa India refugees in Nairobi and London Fostering the ideal Indian woman: Spain and Uganda how sites of education continue Lebanon to shape Christian subjectivity in (Social) entrepreneurship at the Spaces of engagement: an ethnographic post-colonial Tamil Nadu intersection of race: a case study study on patterns of peer network of an African tech start-up. Global value chains, jugaad, and the formation in youth-led, grassroots solar photovoltaic industry in India CBOs, and on the effect of peer networks on youth perceptions of US Women’s participation in identity, belonging, and the future Immobility in the margins: student politics in India disability in US immigration A mixed methods investigation into Malaysia The moral politics of American how neoliberalism impacts individual An investigation into state-business Christian charity to African health behaviour in prevention and interactions in Malaysian industrial policy orphanages Raphael Bradenbrink 8 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 STUDY 9

PRIZES AND AWARDS MSC IN GLOBAL GOVERNANCE Congratulations to the following students who won prizes for their MSC IN ECONOMICS AND DIPLOMACY showed him first-hand how friends performance on our master’s courses FOR DEVELOPMENT and colleagues were at risk. In fact, in 2018/19: This degree course is designed to provide while Alex was in Kabul, several aid high-quality graduate teaching on the This degree in development workers were kidnapped just blocks institutions and processes of global MPhil in Development Studies economics has a strong emphasis away from where he was staying. In on bringing methods of modern governance and diplomacy. It teaches • Eugene Havas Memorial Prize discussions with workers on the ground, economic analysis to economic students about the sources, mechanisms, for Best Overall Performance he found that they were so busy and development theory and policy. processes, and practices of global Lena Reim (St Antony’s) stressed by their work that they had governance at the subnational, national, The course seeks to cultivate the • Papiya Ghosh Thesis Prize little time to consider security issues, international, and transnational levels, Lanterne, a startup co-founded by analytical and critical skills relevant Nora Cyrus (Exeter) focusing on issues such as globalisation, ODID DPhil Alex Barnes (above, centre), despite the huge risks they were taking to economic development, in ODID DPhil student Greta Semplici regional integration, international • Examiners’ Prize has won multiple prizes and awards over in their work. particular those needed to assess (above) won the Commission for Nomadic organisation, and multilateralism. Ollie Ballinger (St Antony’s) the past year. alternative approaches to policy. Since its foundation, Lanterne People’s 2019 Best Student Essay Prize has won the Oxford Foundry All Structured around core courses in Students also learn about the institutions MSc in Economics for Lanterne is a navigation app which helps for her essay ‘Clotting nomadic spaces: on economic theory and econometrics and processes of international diplomacy, Development people travel safely in conflict zones, Innovate competition award for Best sedentism and nomadism’. enabling NGOs, charities, businesses, Postgraduate Idea and the London and a 10,000-word dissertation, including diplomatic practice, international • George Webb Medley Prize Greta’s paper questions the conventional School of Economics Generate the programme exposes students negotiation, conflict mediation, and public for Best Overall Performance and individuals to make informed division between nomadism and competition. Lanterne also received to key issues in and analytical diplomacy, as well as the conduct of Lukas Boehnert (Oriel) decisions about their safety. By helping sedentism from which most definitions of approaches to contemporary diplomacy in international and regional people to better understand their a grant from the European Union’s • George Webb Medley Prize pastoralism are drawn. economic development. bodies. Underpinning the programme security environment, Lanterne enables Big Data Corridor, which provided are courses in research methods and a (proxime accessit) organisations to operate in fragile €50,000 to develop the second With reference to scholar Jeffrey C 2018/19 Course Director: 12,000-word dissertation. Felix Tong (Regent’s Park) states and undertake vital development prototype in collaboration with the Kaufmann’s concept of a ‘sediment of Professor Douglas Gollin programmes. Intelligence Systems and Networks nomadism’, in which pastoralism is defined 2018/19 Course Director: • Luca D’Agliano Prize for Best Dissertation (ISN) research group at Birmingham in terms of ‘pure’ degrees of mobility and Dr Jörg Friedrichs Alex co-founded Lanterne with Yohan ‘pure’ food economies centred around Yannick Markhof (St Antony’s) Iddawela, a geographical information City University. In July 2019, Lanterne was awarded a European Space Agency livestock, she notes that, in pastoral • Arthur Lewis Prize for the systems specialist who, like Alex, has settings, sedentism is also ‘essentialised’ business incubation grant, which MSC IN REFUGEE AND Best Examination Essays in lived and worked in Afghanistan, and in this way. She therefore reverses the provides £41,500 in funding towards FORCED MIGRATION STUDIES MSC IN MIGRATION Development Economics Sebastian Mueller, an outstanding traditional critique of the nomadism/ research and development for satellite- STUDIES Annie Gregoire (Keble) computational social scientist. sedentism dichotomy by questioning This degree course offers an intellectually related technology. Lanterne is also International workers are in constant the relevance of ideal types of ‘pure demanding, interdisciplinary route This degree, taught jointly with the MSc in Global Governance representing Oxford at the Santander danger in conflict zones, with over sedentism’. to understanding forced migration in School of Anthropology and Museum and Diplomacy Universities Entrepreneurship Awards 3,000 humanitarian workers killed, contexts of conflict, repression, natural Ethnography (SAME), provides a • Best Dissertation Prize and finals in October. Based on 14 months of ethnographic injured, or kidnapped in these areas over disasters, environmental change, and broad, theoretical understanding Outstanding Academic fieldwork in Northern Kenya’s arid lands, the last ten years. Alex’s experience To learn more about Lanterne or help development policy making. of human mobility and the role Achievement Prize the paper looks away from big cities in Afghanistan, where he worked with the team in any way, please contact and regional centres to focus on small The course aims to offer students an of both internal and international Kiera Schuller (Magdalen) the Australian Department of Defence, Alex at [email protected]. settlements springing up along improved understanding of the complex and varied migration in the wider processes of MSc in Migration Studies communication roads. nature of forced migration and refugee development, social change, and • Best Dissertation populations; of their centrality to global, globalisation. It offers an overview asylum seekers in the UK that aims Employing a range of methodologies, of the major debates and literature Ana Alanis Amaya (Kellogg) and regional, and national processes of to empower and develop young the paper asks what relationship exists on contemporary migration from Anne Schnitzer (St Catherine’s) political, social, and economic change; and leaders. Through residential camps, between mobility and settlements; the different disciplinary perspectives. (joint winners) of the needs and aspirations of forcibly Our Second Home members develop emerging picture contests views of two separate spaces, focusing instead on displaced people themselves. Students Students take three core courses: on • Examiners’ Prize their leadership skills in a nurturing and spaces of connections and what Greta take courses in the anthropology and migration and mobility in the social William Jernigan (Green Templeton) supportive environment. politics of forced migration, in international sciences; migration, globalisation, and terms ‘pulsations’. MSc in Refugee and Forced Amos came to ODID after piloting the human-rights and refugee law, and in social transformation; and methods The paper makes it possible to move Migration Studies the political philosophy of movement. in social research. These core courses MSc in Migration Studies student project because he wanted to learn beyond a dichotomic definition of • Thesis Prize This core is complemented by training are complemented by a range of Amos Schonfield (above, far left) was more about the drivers of migration sedentism and nomadism to value Vanshaj Jain (Exeter) and Emma in research methods, a wide range of optional courses, discussion groups, highly commended in the 2019 Vice and the debates around integration. changes, flexibility, and adaptability as Montoya (St Antony’s) optional courses, and a 15,000-word and a 15,000-word dissertation. Chancellor’s Social Impact Awards for important features of places created and (joint winners) The Vice Chancellor’s Social Impact dissertation. Volunteering. re-created by nomadic pastoralists, and 2018/19 Course Director: Awards are presented every year • Examiners’ Prize their livelihoods. 2018/19 Course Director: Professor Biao Xiang (SAME) Amos was recognised for his work to Oxford University students who Dr Tom Scott-Smith Imogen Dobie (Jesus) and Meadhbha in running Our Second Home, a show exceptional achievement and The paper will be published in a future Monaghan (Linacre) (joint winners) youth movement for refugees and commitment to positive social change. issue of the journal Nomadic Peoples. 10 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 RESEARCH 11

No1 OUR RESEARCH GROUPS AND MAJOR PROJECTS RESEARCH ranking in 2014 REF International Growth Centre Young Lives The Technology and Established in 2008, the IGC is an Young Lives is a pioneering Management Centre for economics research network, funded multidisciplinary research Development by DFID and run jointly by the LSE programme investigating the lives TMCD, which builds on the legacy and the University of Oxford. The of children and young people in four of the pioneering work of former IGC has a research network of nearly developing countries. At its heart ODID economist Sanjaya Lall, is a 1,800 world-class economists and is an innovative longitudinal study centre for interdisciplinary research 40% 14 country offices around the world, tracking the development of 12,000 into the applications of technology of research providing policy-focused economics children in Ethiopia, India (Andhra and management innovation in research on issues of state Pradesh and Telangana), Peru, and the developing world. TMCD rated 4* effectiveness; agriculture, firms, Vietnam through quantitative and research spans issues in industrial in REF and employment; urbanisation; and qualitative research. Launched in policy; innovations, technological energy production and demand. Four 2002, Young Lives has generated capabilities, and competitiveness; senior ODID staff have management unmatched insights into the lives technology diffusion; and finance, roles in the IGC, guiding the centre’s of two cohorts of children in their corporate governance, and public country programmes in Ethiopia early years, through adolescence, management capabilities in and Tanzania and its cross-cutting and on to higher education and the developing countries. research programme on firms and labour market. Young Lives data are www.oxfordtmcd.org £4.1m entrepreneurship. supporting path-breaking research www.theigc.org into the dynamics of childhood in research poverty in the four countries and providing the evidence base for The Oxford Poverty and Human income informed policy-making. Development Initiative Changing Structures of Islamic OPHI is a research group dedicated Authority www.younglives.org.uk to developing systematic Changing Structures of Islamic approaches to measuring Authority and Consequences for Social ‘multidimensional’ deprivation The Refugee Studies Centre Change: A Transnational Review (CSIA) and well-being, and using

58 is a five-year research project funded The RSC, founded in 1982, is a these to develop more granular academic by the European Research Council. world-leading research centre monitoring of poverty than is It brings together Islamic textual providing multidisciplinary, present in traditional income- or and research scholars, ethnographers, and survey independent, and critical social consumption-based measures. Ashleigh O’Connor-Hanlon, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Ashleigh Studies MPhil in Development O’Connor-Hanlon, staff specialists to map the competing science scholarship on factors Founded in 2007, OPHI’s work is theological positions of today’s leading determining and resulting from the now deeply embedded in that of Islamic authorities, to examine their forced displacement of populations. the UN and has been adopted by The RSC provides the anchor for We undertake a broad and textured Around half of our academics and research real-life consequences, and to explore a large and increasing number of why young Muslims follow one the MSc in Refugee and Forced programme of research which defines a staff are also associated with research countries around the world. authority rather than another. Migration Studies. wide range of entry points into issues of groups that are at the forefront of their www.ophi.org.uk www.rsc.ox.ac.uk international development and employs a specialist fields: the Refugee Studies Centre www.csia-oxford.org range of methodological approaches. We (RSC); Young Lives; the Oxford Poverty and 5 aim to influence the theory, analysis, and Human Development Initiative (OPHI); and research practice of development worldwide to the Technology and Management Centre for the benefit of disadvantaged people and Development (TMCD). groups countries, and to support international In collaboration with the Department of networks and local institutions involved in Economics and the Blavatnik School of this endeavour. Government, ODID also anchors the Oxford Our research clusters around four cross- element of the International Growth Centre cutting themes: Economic Development (IGC), established by the UK Department and International Institutions; Migration for International Development (DFID) and Refugees in a Global Context; Human in 2008. We also host a major five-year 4 Development, Poverty, and Children; project funded by the European Research cross-cutting and Political Change, Conflict, and the Council: Changing Structures of Islamic Environment. Authority. themes Frances Cossar, DPhil in International Development DPhil in International Cossar, Frances 12 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 RESEARCH 13

NEW AWARDS

ODID was successful in attracting a number of major new research awards in 2018/19.

RISE EDUCATION RESPONSES TO CRISIS GLOBAL SOLDIERS IN ETHNOGRAPHIES MIGRATION IN UGANDA THE COLD WAR: MAKING 2017-19 Studies MPhil in Development Aman Gupta, Masooda Bano, Professor of AND ETHIOPIA: SOUTHERN AFRICA’S Development Studies, has won funding RESEARCHING THE LIBERATION ARMIES globally dispersed sites of training, and School of Global and Area Studies, and Laura Rival, Associate Professor of for research into decision-making and its methodology relies primarily on oral Mallica Kumbera Landrus, Keeper of Anthropology and Development, is part ROLE OF LOCAL Jocelyn Alexander, Professor of implementation processes in primary histories of rank-and-file soldiers and Eastern Art at the Ashmolean Museum. of a British Academy-funded project ACTORS IN SECONDARY Commonwealth Studies, has won a education across seven developing military instructors and advisers, both which aims to explore how environmental Leverhulme Research Project Grant In the last decade, 50 million hectares countries as part of the Research on CITIES African and those of Cold War allies. This defenders experience violence in relation for a three-year project exploring the of land have been ‘grabbed’ for urban Improving Systems of Education (RISE) lies at the heart of understanding the to projects designed to promote the Early Career Fellow Evan Easton- histories of Cold War-era ‘global expansion, industry, infrastructure, and programme. making and effects of unique military Sustainable Development Goals, and why Calabria has won funding for a project soldiers’. The co-investigator is mining in the South. Of these, 5 million genealogies, of global soldiers’ political, they continue to fight despite the risks. that aims to provide data and evidence Professor JoAnn McGregor of the hectares are in India. RISE is a large-scale, multi-country social, and embodied identities, and of to improve the way in which secondary The project also aims to identify the research programme funded by University of Sussex. the multifarious legacies of these wars for The project works with partners who the Department for International cities respond to and manage crisis governance structures and socio- One effect of the combination of Cold ordinary veterans, military institutions, and lead, advocate for, and document peoples’ Development (DFID) that seeks to migration. The research focuses on local economic, political, and historical War competition and decolonisation post-colonial politics. movements against this land grab and who understand how school systems in conditions and processes that are at the municipalities responsible for managing was the multi-directional movement seek more equitable, sustainable land use. the developing world can overcome root of atmospheres of violence around cities and those that live within them, of people, ideas and things across the These various groups understand land in the learning crisis and deliver better sustainable development projects. but will also include civil society globe. Ground-breaking research on this multiple ways: as a base for growth, but learning for all. The project covers seven actors such as migrant and refugee phenomenon has traced a great range also as more than individualised property – The project addresses a number of countries: India, Indonesia, Ethiopia, organisations. The project will focus not of political, social, and cultural exchange, as collective history, memory, and people’s specific questions: how do environmental Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Vietnam. just on improving the direct assistance shifting our understanding of the locus connection to the earth. defenders experience violence around provided to refugees and migrants, but In an attempt to draw more theoretical and content of Cold War-era solidarities The project develops this multidimensional sustainable development projects also research ways to enhance positive and conceptual insights from across and struggles. engagement with land academically, and in countries with different levels of these country programmes, RISE is effects of these influxes on secondary criminal, political and state violence? However, this work has paid little then delves into its practical implications developing a two-pronged political cities, such as on urban planning; How do atmospheres of violence attention to the content, experience, for sustainability. economy component: Political Economy infrastructure; and co-existence around natural resource extraction and and legacies of military exchanges, and of Adoption and Political Economy of agricultural developments emerge? What between migrants, citizens, and other specifically military training, in sites Implementation. The former addresses safeguards are in place to ensure that members of society. dispersed around the globe. Tens of EXPLORING A SHARING the broader policy framework in which sustainable development projects uphold thousands of mostly young men from primary education decisions take place The project will comprise desk-based SOCIETY: LAND AND environmental and social standards, dozens of countries participated in these while the latter looks at the decision- research as well as field-based qualitative SUSTAINABILITY IN INDIA and based on the lived experiences of exchanges; uniquely complex militaries making and implementation processes research in the secondary cities of defenders, what can be said about these were made by them. In southern Africa, Nikita Sud, Associate Professor of at the district and community level. Adama, Ethiopia, and Arua, Uganda. The standards’ efficacy? one of the ‘hottest’ regions of Cold War- South Asian Studies, has won a Global Professor Bano will act as the PI for researchers will also train and employ era contestation, these military networks Challenges Research Fund grant for a Researchers will interview defenders, the research component on Political Uganda and Ethiopian PhD students and were essential to the prosecution of the project exploring the multiple ways in defenders’ family members and colleagues Economy of Implementation. She will forced migrants from the communities liberation struggles whose outcomes which people engage with land in India in Africa (Democratic Republic of Congo develop the conceptual framework, that are being researched to act as peer would dramatically remake the region. and the possibilities for shared use. and Guinea-Bissau), Asia (Bangladesh and design the methodology, supervise local researchers. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Cambodia) and South America (Brazil and researchers to carry out community- The project takes as its focus the ‘global The co-investigators are Nayanika Mathur, The research is funded by UNOPS, Cities Ecuador). level ethnographic fieldwork, and work soldiers’ who formed these Cold War-era Associate Professor in the Anthropology of AND ATMOSPHERES OF Alliance and SDC. with the local researchers to produce armies in southern Africa. Its concern is South Asia at the School of Anthropology VIOLENCE: EXPERIENCES OF The project is led by Dr Mary Menton at publications. for the making of ‘military cultures’ in and Museum Ethnography and the Oxford ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENDERS the University of Sussex. 14 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 RESEARCH 15

YOUNG LIVES RESEARCH INTO EDUCATION AND GENDER

Young Lives won funding from The research draws on existing Young outcomes for young men and young Echidna Giving for an 18-month Lives household, child, and school women. programme of research and policy effectiveness data, carried out in The purpose is to provide robust engagement focused on two broad Ethiopia, India (in the states of evidence to inform policy, practice, themes: the relationship between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), and advocacy globally, regionally, early childhood care and gender Peru and Vietnam. and nationally in the study countries disparities in psychosocial wellbeing The objective of the research is and to engage with key stakeholders and cognitive development; and the to highlight any gender-based to facilitate research uptake in link between gendered attributes, inequalities in access to early their work. skills and educational trajectories, childhood care, skills development, The principal investigator for the and academic and labour market training, and education, when these project is now Senior Education outcomes in early adulthood. inequalities arise and with what Researcher Rachel Outhred.

TACKLING POVERTY AT WORK

Researchers from the Oxford Poverty in Costa Rica. Drawing on the pioneering approach enables companies to see and Human Development Initiative work on multidimensional measurement what issues need tackling, how to (OPHI) at ODID have launched sOPHIa of poverty led by OPHI Director Sabina prioritise a response and redirect Oxford, the University’s first social Alkire, bMPI measures poverty in its many resources for better impact and verify enterprise spin-out, to help businesses dimensions, analysing not just who is poor change in people’s lives. FEATURED RESEARCH track and tackle multidimensional in the business but how poor they are and The bMPI started with three pilot poverty among their employees and the multitude of factors keeping them in companies in Costa Rica and sOPHIa THE COSTS OF INEQUALITY: LESSONS FROM LATIN AMERICA their families, their contractors and in poverty. hopes to take the approach global. their supply chains. Based on the Alkire-Foster method Professor Diego Sánchez-Ancochea has of weak institutions and the emergence For example, the region has been a cradle The creation of sOPHIa Oxford and its developed in OPHI’s National MPI, the spent the past academic year as a Visiting of anti-system politics for decades. The for progressive ideas. From the theology sOPHIa Oxford has an exclusive licence from Oxford were supported by bMPI uses a multidimensional poverty Fellow at the Kellogg Institute at the poor and the middle class in Latin America of liberation to structuralist economics, worldwide licence to the Business the University’s innovation arm, Oxford survey approach that aligns with national University of Notre Dame working on a have tended to distrust traditional political Latin American social scientists have Multidimensional Poverty Index (bMPI), University Innovation (OUI). developed by OPHI in partnership with measures, facilitating coordination with new book that draws on the experience parties, gravitating towards populist offered innovative ways to think about business association Horizonte Positivo government efforts to end poverty. The Find out more: sophiaoxford.org of Latin America – the world´s most leaders who offer easy solutions and inequality and exploitation and their unequal region and the region where the promise rapid gains – a trend that is potential solutions. now evident in many other parts of the wealthy have the greatest power – to These ideas have also influenced a world. Inequality has also contributed to a examine the impact of income inequality. number of social movements, from variety of social problems, from violence Brazil’s Landless movement – one of The Costs of Inequality in Latin America: to mistrust of neighbours and institutions. the largest and most successful rural- Lessons and Warnings for the Rest of the The relationships the research explores do based movements in the world – to World explores the economic, political, not just go in one direction. In fact, low student protestors in Chile. Their political and social consequences of the growing growth, exclusionary politics, and violence discourse and creative mobilisation income gap and proposes solutions to this and social mistrust have reinforced strategies have already been copied in most pressing 21st century challenge. inequality, generating vicious circles that many other parts of the world. Professor Using past and present examples from are increasingly difficult to overcome. different countries in the region, the Sánchez-Ancochea’s manuscript, which book demonstrates how inequality Professor Sánchez-Ancochea’s research will be published by Bloomsbury/IB on Latin America thus provides a Tauris next year, concludes on a positive has hampered economic growth and disturbing image of what the future may note. Much can be done to improve the contributed to a lack of good jobs. From hold for many other countries, from the distribution of income and reduce the Mexico all the way to Argentina, the United States and the United Kingdom to political and economic power of the wealthy have faced limited incentives to China. Yet his work also provides some elites. Yet succeeding will require more move into new sectors and the poor have positive lessons. Latin Americans have than universal social policies and higher not had enough resources to invest in confronted entrenched economic gaps taxes; it will only be possible with stronger new projects. through creative means that can be used social movements and renewed social- Inequality has also been one of the drivers by those fighting in the rest of the world. democratic political parties. 16 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 RESEARCH 17

CRONY CAPITALISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST HISTORY SHEDS LIGHT ON MODERN STUDENT ACTIVISM The Arab uprisings in 2011 were not just aimed at overthrowing authoritarian On 9 March 2015, a student hurled In the introduction to the journal, of Congo. His death pushed young regimes but were also targeted at a faeces at a statue of British colonialist the editors point out that African educated Congolese to revisit the well-entrenched system of economic Cecil Rhodes at the University of students in the 1960s and 1970s meaning of decolonisation, turning privilege where those attached to the Cape Town. This act led to the statue’s believed themselves to be emergent ideologically to the Left. This shaped ruler’s insider circle had monopolised all NC ND BY Hickson/FlickrAlisdare CC removal. It also inspired the most political elites and intellectuals. They the ideas and practices of a generation economic opportunities – a topic explored significant period of student protest in questioned political leaders’ assumed who challenged President Mobutu Sese in a new book co-edited by Globe Fellow post-apartheid South Africa’s history. role as the agents of decolonisation and Seko’s authoritarian rule. agitated for radical alternative projects in the Economies of Muslim Societies and Student protesters called for the Scholars of African student activism of political change. These projects Associate Professor Adeel Malik. decolonisation of universities and public have typically devoted more time commonly incorporated socialist or life, spurring similar actions by student to analysing earlier historical periods. For every regime that faced a popular pan-African ideological frameworks. backlash in the Middle East, there were activists in the global North. Students in These include the early anti-colonial some prominent businesses who became other African countries such as Ghana African universities were key actors activism of nationalist leaders such as the symbol of corruption and injustice. and Uganda also got involved. But the in developing post-colonial and Kenya’s Jomo Kenyatta in London, or In Egypt it was Ahmed Ezz, the steel debate about what the decolonisation decolonised societies. They trained an Senegal’s Leopold Senghor in Paris. By in Middle Eastern economies during and oriented towards domestic markets magnate. For Ben Ali’s regime in Tunisia it agenda means and who has the entire new class of doctors, economists, focusing on the 1960s and 1970s, the after the period of economic liberalisation, remain a preferred home for political was his wife, Leila Trabelsi, who together authority to lead it is still wide open – lawyers, and other professionals. This research that appears in the special using an eclectic mix of qualitative cronies in the post-liberalisation era. with her husband and extended clan and often acrimonious. was happening in countries with low edition opens up new ways of thinking and quantitative methodologies. A key Across the region, PCFs tend to cluster in levels of formal schooling, and thus about the significance of African controlled 220 firms in some of the most The lessons from older, non-South concern was to identify the impact of banking, real-estate, tourism, distribution, university students’ education was student activism. Some students took lucrative sectors of the economy. In African experiences of student protests political connections on outcomes (firm natural resources, and telecommunications seen to give them the knowledge and their political ideas and behaviour into Syria it was Bashar Assad’s cousin, Rami in post-colonial African politics are profitability, growth, credit, trade policy, sectors. These sectors were often skills to both understand and challenge subsequent careers as opposition Makhlouf, the owner of Syria Tel, who often missing from those debates. etc.). To probe the impact of cronyism, selectively opened in the wake of symbolised the concentration of economic state authority in a way that few other political leaders in Kenya, Niger and some researchers used discrete events, liberalisation through discretionary After independence, generations of power at the top. social groups could. These challenges Uganda. In Zimbabwe and Angola, such as the revolutionary overthrow licences, which were typically awarded to university students in countries such as led to frequent clashes between on the other hand, student activism In the popular Arab imaginary, corruption of a regime, the EU trade agreement political insiders. Uganda, Kenya, Angola, and Zimbabwe university students and the states that opened the way into high-status of regimes and that of businessmen with Egypt, and elections in Lebanon. mobilised for change. They wanted While the evidence furnished in the funded their education. careers as state leaders. These former is often treated as the same. The Arab Others provided a contextual description politics and education to be decolonised, protesters’ uncomfortable association volume opens a new window into a There was no single decolonisation private sector is typically a handmaiden of cronyism and its after-affects, and transformed and Africanised. These with authoritarian governance forced relatively understudied subject, it only project during this era. Students’ of the state, surviving and thriving in the focused mainly on stylised patterns of cases, and others, are explored in a them to defend the meaning of their begins to scratch the surface of a complex challenges to state authority looked comforts of the ruling circle. Arab states such correlation. special edition of the journal Africa past activism. phenomenon. Rather than mapping very different in different countries. have increasingly intervened in financial, edited by Departmental Lecturer Dan The volume provides concrete a straight-line relationship between The fatal contests between radical The articles show how decolonisation product, and labour markets to advance Hodgkinson and Luke Melchiorre of the information on the number, presence, and cronyism and economic outcomes, the Islamist and secular Leftist students at in this period shaped a generation their political interests. Universidad de los Andes. characteristics of politically connected work paints cronyism as a differentiated the University of Khartoum in Sudan of university students’ aspirations The Arab spring provided a fresh impetus firms (PCFs) in several MENA countries. tapestry whose effects are often subtle Today’s student activism and that which in the late 1960s offer one example. to challenge post-colonial forms of for studying the nexus between business It shows that about 50% of the sectors and highly context-specific. came before it share two common These two factions debated and fought governance. and politics in the region. Professor Malik, in Egypt were exposed to PCFs, and PCFs traits. One is student protestors’ belief While all forms of privilege in the violently over whether a decolonised in collaboration with Ishac Diwan and included 8 of the top 20 firms trading on in their own political agency. The other market result in exclusion, the Middle Sudan should be secular and socialist, Izak Atiyas, brought together 20 top the stock exchange. In Tunisia, this ratio is the fear state authorities have that This article is republished from The East stands out for the sheer scale or bound by Islamic customs and political economists working on the was about 40%, and the Ben Ali firms these groups may, in the words of Conversation under a Creative and political function of such exclusion. values. Women’s public performances Middle East to empirically map the nature were over-represented at the top end Ugandan scholar Mahmood Mamdani, Commons licence. Read the original Business climate is marked by a vicious of their femininity became a lightning of political connections within the private of the firm-size and output distributions. act as a ‘catalytic force’. They have the article: theconversation.com/africas- logic of partner or perish: as businesses rod for these tensions. This boiled over sector in key Middle Eastern states, and In Turkey, religious-network-affiliated power to spur other groups into action. student-movements-history-sheds- becomes successful they are either into tragedy after the Adjako women’s to probe the impact of this on prosperity. firms constituted about 20% of the total light-on-modern-activism-111003 forced to partner with one of the By looking back, scholars can dance was controversially performed Capturing variation across countries, firms. These differences partly reflect the regime insiders or face extinction. Arab understand the potential that such in front of a campus crowd of men firms, and sectors, they looked at several differential reach of the state in these regimes are extremely reluctant to see activism has for emancipating people and women. The Islamic movement dimensions of crony capitalism. The countries, and thus its ability to create independent sources of economic power from the legacies of colonialism. It is denounced this. Riots ensued, and a findings are presented in an edited volume regulatory rents. thrive from below, as they tend to view also a useful way to identify the limits student was trampled to death. Dan Hodgkinson and Luke on Crony Capitalism in the Middle East Cronies tend to conglomerate in sectors them as a potential threat to the regime’s to student decolonisation projects Melchiorre (eds) (2019) ‘Special published by Oxford University Press in Another example was the way in which that are sheltered from competition power. Differentiating the form and in terms of their impact on broader issue: student activism in an era of June 2019. the 1961 assassination of Prime and susceptible to policy manipulation function of cronyism within and across politics and society, as well as for the Minister Patrice Lumumba influenced decolonisation’ Africa (89): S1 The volume focuses on how political through the use of regulatory barriers and the region remains a fertile area for activists themselves. students in the Democratic Republic connections shaped business performance selective enforcement. Services sectors future research. 18 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 19

IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT PROVIDING EXPERTISE ON AFRICA TO THE UK PARLIAMENT ODID academics were invited to speak n The likely destabilising impact of The report found that African applicants at the Houses of Parliament at two austerity in the face of extreme are twice as likely to be refused non- events during 2018-19, drawing on their hardship following a year of immigrant visas as those from other research to offer expertise on current deteriorating living conditions, which an continents and outlined a number of Africa-focused issues. imminent drought could only worsen; particular challenges, including logistical barriers, inconsistent decision-making, Jocelyn Alexander, Professor of n The way in which sanctions had been financial discrimination, perceived gender Commonwealth Studies, and Simukai used for rhetorical effect by the and racial bias and a lack of accountability Chigudu, Associate Professor of African government to point to victimisation or a right of appeal. Politics, gave evidence at an urgent by the West; session of parliament’s International Dr Pailey spoke about her differing n That need to understand that the Development Committee in February to experience of applying for UK visas, from Zimbabwe government is not a talk about the political and humanitarian the US as a US permanent resident and single entity and donors should work crisis in Zimbabwe. from Ghana as a Liberian national, in a case strategically with different ministries to study featured in the report. They appeared on the panel alongside be most effective; Stephen Chan, Professor of Politics and She also highlighted that the UK charges n The importance of supporting civil International Studies at SOAS. Africans for visa fees without actually society organisations at the local level, granting visas, which she described as The panel were asked a series of questions as well as the crucial role of regional ‘akin to extortion’. covering the Zimbabwe government’s bodies. response to protests, the impact of She asked the report secretariat to Meanwhile, Leverhulme Early Career austerity, whether the international consider writing a report 2.0 with Fellow Robtel Neajai Pailey spoke at the community was too quick to embrace the additional policy recommendations, launch of a report into the difficulties new regime, the role of EU sanctions and such as that the UK should charge visa encountered by Africans seeking to visit IMF negotiations, the effectiveness of processing fees upfront and only require the UK. DFID’s involvement, and the possibility of payment for a visa if it is actually granted. compensation for white farmers. The report, ‘Visa Problems for African In addition, ODID was among signatories Visitors to the UK’ was produced by the The panel highlighted a number of issues to a letter published in the Observer from All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) 70 senior representatives from academia in response to the questions, including: for Africa, the APPG for Diaspora, and civil society who expressed their n The importance of understanding the Development & Migration and the APPG growing concern over the numbers of current political situation through a for Malawi. African partners being refused entry to systemic analysis, rather than a focus The launch panel, which took place on the UK. on individuals, and in historical context; 16 July, comprised then-Minister for The letter stated that the UK’s visa system n The complexity of divisions within Immigration Caroline Nokes; MP Chi was damaging ‘Global Britain’s’ reputation the ruling party, the intelligence Onwurah, Chair of the APPG for Africa; and called for ‘a fair and equitable visa services, the army, and the police John Vine, former Independent Chief system that promotes and protects the and the way in which the coup had Inspector for Borders & Immigration; and essential collaborations that mean we can disrupted established hierarchies and MP Patrick Grady, Chair of the Malawi tackle today’s global challenges as well as Natasha Maru, MPhil in Development Studies 2014–16 Studies Maru, MPhil in Development Natasha relationships; APPG, alongside Dr Pailey. the unknown challenges of the future.’

ODID has an exceptionally strong track NGO sector, and, increasingly, in social Over the medium term, the main channels record of outreach, dissemination of enterprise and development consultancy. for impact and engagement research findings outside academia, and are through specific policy-focused On the research side, our scholarly policy engagement. elements of the research agenda and, output and our faculty and researchers over the longer term, through the A major part of our impact and have impact and influence through a deeper impact of our research in engagement comes about through our range of channels. The most direct shaping ideas and agendas in domestic alumni, who take ODID to the world: and immediate links to impact and and international public-policy arenas. we train a large number of graduates engagement come through advisory roles, Opposite you will find an example of who become influential development such as serving on research council panels recent policy engagement, while overleaf, practitioners in international institutions, and advising government departments, Associate Professor Nikita Sud reflects including the UN system, World Bank and international organisations, foundations, on several years’ experience of taking her IMF, national governments, the and civil society. research to different audiences. 20 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 21

SOCIALLY ENGAGED RESEARCH ON THE MANY LIVES OF LAND Not having big-bang research funding has on flooding and climate change forThe been a blessing. It has allowed me to dwell Conversation and other publications, on the field material, make repeated study linking this to our institutional unfixing and visits, write journal papers, revise, rethink re-fixing of land and nature. Such articles fundamental ideas, and often begin all tend to lead to further opportunities. For over again. I believe that a project that has example, I have been asked to speak in been long in the making is more rich and schools, contribute to Oxford University’s rewarding than a quick and dirty version digital outreach portal Oxplore, and would have been. write an article on the lives of land for Geography Review, a magazine for Having had the luxury of long-term secondary schools produced by the research and reflective writing, I have also Royal Geographical Society. Beyond the been able to test the public engagement educational sphere, my media pieces waters at my own pace. I have had the have been picked up by land-rights odd nudge from facilitators in the Social organisations and social movements Science Division. For instance, a few years (eg La Via Campesina, Land Matrix, ago, I was invited to participate in the GRAIN, Zimbabwe People’s Land Rights Curiosity Carnival, which took university Movement, Black Fraternal Organization of research to the city in bite-sized formats. Honduras (OFRANEH), Farmlandgrab.org). I chose to think of my research in progress as a children’s story on the multi-hued lives Having dabbled in media and educational of land (opposite, above). That I have two outreach for a few years, as my book was taking final shape, I applied for young children, who often ask about my ‘festival of the commons’. A fishworker- research funding with a substantial public work, and to whom I narrate stories all activist and several of his collaborators the time, has probably sharpened my engagement element. The resultant grant are recording songs, shadow plays, story-telling skills. Distilling long-term from the UK’s Global Challenges Research © University of Oxford/Ian Wallman of Oxford/Ian © University community mapping exercises, and other and fairly complex research into a Fund is spread over two years. Within local responses to coastal land use change. 7-8-minute tale for a curious but restless a larger research programme, I have The proposed festival will celebrate and In the current political moment of fake we miraculously look into the future to land is enlivened with memory, history, audience aged 5 to 50 was challenging. organised two workshops on the lives of news, heightened nationalism, and the assess the possible public relevance of identity, and sacrality. Enlivened land is But it was also enriching. Paring down land. These have brought on board non- record changing meanings of the coastal rule of political strongmen from Brazil and a project that is barely a gleam in our further aligned to the modern, institutional scholarly ideas into simple, accessible university participants, including activists, commons, engaging with ideas of land and the US to Turkey, Hungary, the Philippines, mind’s eye? Are the days of research as projects of the state, market, and politics. forms helps hone fundamental concepts, land users and losers facing industrial the commons in the plural. Russia and India, intellectual endeavour research over? I share these concerns, and Institutions engage with land as territory, and infrastructural projects, lawyers, and cut out the jargon. To go back to where I started, it is crucial is readily dismissed. With Facebook and dislike impositions of any sort. Yet, I have authority, property, and as a crucible of environmentalists, journalists, poets, that academics push back against the ‘Whatsapp University’ generating words to admit that I have enjoyed taking my access and exclusion. In their making and Another jargon-free format I have cartoonists and others. Invited academic anti-intellectualism of today’s new and emotions at the touch of a button, research in progress to audiences beyond re-making of land, we witness a co- embraced is writing for the media. participants have deliberately been from there are questions around the relevance the academic. productive and continuous state-making, I happened to write a very political non-English-speaking, indigenous, and authoritarianism. Reaching out to, and of long-term research. For these and other market-making and politics-making. In first book (OUP, 2012). It gained an other marginalised backgrounds. learning from, a range of social groups I am at the tail end of a book project titled reasons, universities have been looking short, we make the land and the land audience well beyond the academic in could be part of this commitment. It Unfixed Land: The Making of Land and the The results of this GCRF-funded outreach critically at their place in contemporary makes us. the moment in which it was written. was only when I started working with Making of India. The book considers land are available on livesofland.web.ox.ac. societies. They are (or should be) asking: The resulting interactions with print, fishworkers, indigenous musicians and as socio-natural, and thoroughly entangled I have been conducting field-based uk. As the project website shows, our are we privilege-reproducing ivory towers? radio and TV journalists drew me into poets, or Dalit female journalists, that I in the human world. Socially produced research for this project since 2008. The greater engagement with the media. workshops and related interactions have Is our research built on the structural led to a music video with the Meghalaya- realised with a shock that this was the land is not a mere ‘thing’ or resource to research has been funded through small While academic books and journal articles inequalities of race, caste, class, and based Rida and The Musical Folks first time I had spoken about my research be built on, mined, tilled, etc. Instead, grants from ODID and my college Wolfson. may draw an audience of a few hundred gender, and the continued legacies of (opposite, below). Speaking poignantly in Hindi, or had it translated into Tamil or or thousand, to see a media piece that slavery and colonialism? to questions of mining and environmental Khasi. The push for engagement has made broadly refers to the same research get change in a Himalayan landscape, the video me write in an accessible way for non- One way in which academia has engaged over 100,000 views in a matter of days is in Khasi and English. A filmmaker in north academic audiences, with access being with the issue of relevance is through is heartening. I now regularly write for India and his largely rural, Hindi-speaking agendas of impact and public engagement various publications, and participate in not just about free availability of research, team have worked with us on a short film with research. These management- interviews and panel discussions. or writing sans jargon. Access has also speak terms raise the hackles of many of on identity-based assertions around land. involved multi-lingual communication and my colleagues. How can overstretched As my land research has bubbled away, A cartoonist who attended one of our a conscious attempt to take research and academics, already handling the demands I have started testing some of its ideas GCRF workshops sketched several talks related conversations to non-metropolitan in 800-word media pieces. These have and discussions, giving back his etchings of teaching, crushing administration audiences, including non-metropolitan tended to be linked to current events, to participants in an open access format loads, and research be expected to add audiences in the South. more to-dos to their workday? How can which act as a hook for the general (above). Very excitingly, conversations audience. For instance, I have written at a GCRF event have fed into a planned Nikita Sud 22 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 23

IN THE MEDIA

ODID academics and students are frequently called on by the media for comment and analysis on topical issues, drawing on their specialist knowledge to bring depth and objectivity to current debates. A selection of this year’s coverage is presented below.

16 July 2019 9 April 2019 interviewed in Free Malaysia Today ‘Opinion - Millions have come out of ‘A single WhatsApp message can incite 18 December 2018 poverty. It’s a reason to hope’. OPHI people to violence’. DPhil Amogh Sharma ‘Inaccuracies spreading about UN research on multidimensional poverty features in the Anthill’s ‘India Tomorrow’ migration pact’. Cathryn Costello featured in The Washington Post podcast series about Indian elections contributes to Full Fact article on UN 12 July 2019 29 March 2019 global compact on migration ‘Life is getting better for world’s poorest – ‘Choking a lifeline’. DPhil Deepa Kurup 13 December 2018 but children bear greatest burden’. OPHI writes for Frontline magazine about how ‘The responsibility to protect: time to research on multidimensional poverty India’s MGNREGS employment guarantee move on?’ Noele Crossley writes for In featured in The Guardian scheme is being undermined the Long Run 14 June 2019 8 March 2019 26 November 2018 ‘How fear is redrawing our maps and ‘8 female anti-corruption fighters that ‘The failed national improvement scheme infecting our politics’. Ruben Andersson inspire us’. Robtel Neajai Pailey features that was demonetisation’. Nikita Sud discusses his new book on The Majority in list compiled by Transparency writes for The Wire International Report 23 November 2018 11 June 2019 27 February 2019 ‘Refuge, reformed’. Alex Betts writes ‘How to truly decolonise the study of ‘Why Venezuelan migrants need to be about innovations in Kenyan refugee Africa’. Robtel Neajai Pailey writes for regarded as refugees’. Alexander Betts camps for Foreign Policy writes for IRIN Al Jazeera 30 October 2018 24 May 2019 21 February 2019 ‘I don’t think that we can shy away from ‘What Narendra Modi’s landslide victory ‘Why Sajid Javid’s decision on Shamima the legacies of the slave trade and how means for India’. Nikita Sud takes part Begum cheapened British citizenship’. they’re still with us’. Dan Hodgkinson in the Anthill’s ‘India Tomorrow’ podcast Matthew Gibney writes for Metro joins debate on university slave trade series, summing up the 2019 elections 5 February 2019 reparations on BBC Radio Ulster’s 23 May 2019 ‘New means of workplace surveillance’. ‘Talkback’ ‘India nationalism – are minorities Ivan Manokha writes for Monthly Review 30 October 2018 under threat?’ Nikita Sud takes part in on the history and current state of play in ‘How not taxing the rich got Pakistan into roundtable discussion for TRTWorld employee surveillance another fiscal crisis’. Adeel Malik writes 17 May 2019 29 January 2019 for Al Jazeera ‘Work undone: how India fails its young ‘The struggles for Liberian citizenship’. 15 October 2018 job seekers’. DPhil Deepa Kurup writes Robtel Neajai Pailey writes for Al Jazeera ‘When foreign “do-gooders” do more for Al Jazeera 17 January 2019 harm than good in Liberia’. Robtel Neajai 29 April 2019 ‘#ZimbabweShutdown and ZANU(PF)’s Pailey writes for Al Jazeera ‘Sex discrimination in British immigration neo-liberal turn (… again)’. Dan 5 October 2018 law is likely to get worse after Brexit’. Hodgkinson writes for Africa is a Country ‘How Europe can reform its migration Catherine Briddick writes for The 8 January 2019 policy’. Alexander Betts and Paul Collier Conversation ‘The specter of bots and trolls’. DPhil Ilan write in Foreign Affairs 19 April 2019 Manor and Patrick Thewlis write for The 19 September 2018 ‘India elections: will farm crisis be PM Jerusalem Post ‘Refugees expert: “more displacement” to Narendra Modi’s undoing?’ DPhil Deepa 8 January 2019 come as returning Syrians face myriad Kurup writes for Al Jazeera ‘Why we need to rethink our relationship obstacles back home’. Syria Direct 15 April 2019 with land, in Chhattisgarh and Beyond’. interviews Ali Ali ‘Nueva diplomacia: cómo son los Nikita Sud writes for The Wire 3 September 2018 embajadores 2.0’. Corneliu Bjola writes 19 December 2018 ‘Simukai Chigudu: The politics of about diplomatic engagement online for ‘Fighting corruption early for the good epidemics’. Simukai Chigudu interviewed Argentina’s Noticias of the country’. Robtel Neajai Pailey by The British Medical Journal

For a full list of media coverage, including links to online content, please visit: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/media Greta Semplici, DPhil in International Development Semplici, DPhil in International Greta 24 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 EVENTS 25

EVENTS OPHI at the UN High-Level Annual Elizabeth Colson Lecture 2019: ‘A Mobile Milieu: Political Forum Humanitarian Equipment and the Politics of Need’ 17 and 18 July 2019 5 June 2019 UNHQ, New York Professor Peter Redfield, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill ODID, Oxford OPHI launched two publications at the margins of the High-Level Approaching human mobility from the what constitutes a satisfactory life Political Forum (HLPF) of the UN perspective of milieu – the intimate, emerge at a mundane level, positioning in July. Both publications were inclusive envelope of immediate these devices as scalar connection the product of collaboration with environment – this lecture focused on points between individual experience the United Nations Development humanitarian equipment, from refugee and social imagination. Programme (UNDP). First to be camps to innovative devices that Milieu, Redfield suggests, can serve as a launched was the report for the seek to provide for basic needs such revealing conceptual site to investigate global Multidimensional Poverty as water and sanitation. Such objects the political terrain exposed by human Index (MPI) 2019 figures. Achim offer little prospect of producing a mobility, including rival strains of Steiner, UNDP Administrator, Pedro satisfying response to human suffering. humanitarian concern, rights advocacy, Conceição, Director of the Human Nonetheless, their very inadequacies national identification, and ecological Development Report Office (HDRO), anxiety. and Sabina Alkire, Director of OPHI, can expose conflicting assumptions launched the key findings which about human needs and aspirations. Listen to the lecture: were discussed by: Nabeela Tunis, Tensions between understandings of bit.ly/Colson2019 Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Co-operation, Sierra Leone; Gonzalo Hernández Licona, 2019 Olof Palme Lecture: ‘The Cognitive Empire: Struggles for Executive Secretary of CONEVAL in Cognitive Justice and Global Peace’ Mexico; and Haishan Fu, Director of 17 May 2019 universities and institutions of formerly the Development Data Group from Professor Sabelo J Ndlovu- enslaved and colonised peoples. He the World Bank. Gatsheni, University of South Africa went on to talk about the concept of OPHI and UNDP then launched Wolfson College, Oxford being ‘on fire for justice’, predicated on a ‘we’ consciousness of service a new free online handbook, In this lecture, Professor Ndlovu- to the community, rather than the ‘I’ which provides detailed practical Gatsheni explored the concept of the consciousness of individualism and guidance for planners, policy-makers ‘cognitive empire’ – the invasion not materialism. and statisticians on how to build of territories but of people’s mental a technically rigorous and permanent universe, in which some forms of Throughout, he examined how the life national MPI. Abdoulaye Mar knowledge are privileged above others, and thought of Olof Palme and his vision Dieye, the Assistant Secretary- creating particular notions of the human of a just and peaceful world challenged General and Director of UNDP’s and enabling particular forms of politics and fitted into these narratives. Policy and Programme Support and configurations of power. Bureau, chaired the launch with Listen to the lecture: © UNDP interventions by: Gloria Alonso, He argued that imperialism, colonialism, bit.ly/OlofPalme19 Minister of National Planning, apartheid, and the Cold War period Government of Colombia; Sanyukta brought to the surface the evils of the ODID hosted and organised numerous of History, and the Faculty of Oriental course to interact with experienced Samaddar, Adviser-SDGs at NITI cognitive empire, including incarceration events over the course of the year. Our Studies; and the Development Economics professionals and to discuss new AAYOG, Government of India; and assassination of those who research groups hold regular seminar series with the Centre for the Study perspectives on current diplomatic Riaz Fatyana, Convener, National expressed divergent ideas of liberation, series during Michaelmas and Hilary of African Economies in the Economics events and global governance challenges. SDG Parliamentary Task Force and equality and peace in a modern world terms, and the department also hosts Department. These seminars play a Chairman of Standing Committee where politics was underpinned by the ODID also runs a number of regular three seminar series jointly with other key role in generating new research on Human Rights and Law, National will to power, the paradigm of war, and lecture series that bring distinguished the paradigm of difference. departments: the African History and initiatives, testing preliminary findings, Assembly of Pakistan; James E academics to the department: the Olof Foster, Oliver T Carr Jr Professor of Politics Seminars with the History and disseminating results. He critiqued 20th-century Palme, Harrell-Bond, and Elizabeth International Affairs at the George Faculty, the Department of Politics and decolonisation as essentially a reformist The MSc in Global Governance and Colson lectures. It also hosts conferences, Washington University; and Sabina International Relations, and the African rather than a revolutionary project, and Diplomacy organises a series of lectures workshops, and many other one- Alkire, OPHI Director. The HLPF is Studies Centre; the Modern South Asia spoke about the decolonial turn that bringing diplomatic practitioners and off events. Read about some of the dedicated to the follow-up and Seminars, with the Oxford School of came about with the entry into Western academic scholars to the department highlights from our 2018/19 events review of the 2030 Agenda. Global and Area Studies, the Faculty to enable students and fellows of the calendar opposite and overleaf. 26 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 EVENTS 27

RSC Conference on ’Democratising Displacement’ Two Lectures on Bhutan: ‘The SUMMER SCHOOLS 18-19 March 2019 Land of the Thunder Dragon and New College, Oxford Gross National Happiness’ The RSC International Summer refugees to their village of origin. Later School in Forced Migration brought in the Summer School participants The RSC’s 2019 Conference focused on of practical, institutional, and legal Vandevoordt, plus DPhil candidates 8-10 January 2019 together 69 participants from more had the opportunity to specialise in ‘democratising’ refugee protection from mechanisms to ensure that refugees Claire Walkey and Blair Peruniak. Sessions Magdalen College, Oxford a variety of disciplinary angles, including have a say in their protection; and ways focused on topics such as political than 35 different countries in July to several different areas related to forced OPHI hosted two distinguished public ethics, politics, anthropology, history, in which those who make decisions in participation and citizenship, contesting talk through new developments in the migration including gender; human lectures on Bhutan by the former Prime and law. relation to the displaced are (or could be) deportation and exclusion, refugee field. The Summer School prides itself smuggling; humanitarian principles; IDPs; Minister of Bhutan, His Excellency Dasho held accountable for their actions. voices in modern history, international on fostering interaction and dialogue Palestinian refugees and international The conference examined the role of Tshering Tobgay, and the President of organisations and accountability, between academics, practitioners, and law; and trauma, mental health and refugees as political agents able to Keynote speakers were Lea Ypi, Professor the Center for Bhutan Studies & Gross displacement and peacebuilding, policy-makers working in areas related psychosocial support. Before the inform the decisions that affect them of Political Theory, LSE, and Karma National Happiness, Dasho Karma Ura. resistance and political action. to refugees and forced migration. Summer School concluded participants, at local, state, regional, and global Nabulsi, Associate Professor of Politics Dasho Tobgay spoke on Does Bhutan Practitioners step back from the field tutors and speakers came together to levels. It explored the ethics and politics and International Relations, University of Listen to presentations from the Matter? Stories from a Young Democracy, and learn from the best recent academic discuss the future challenges in the of accountability, participation, and Oxford. RSC staff presenting included conference: www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/ chaired by Dr Ralph Walker. Dasho work in forced migration as well as from refugee regime. humanitarian governance; the character Alexander Betts, Ali Ali, and Robin podcasts-rsc-conference-2019 Ura gave a lecture on development their fellow practitioners. The Summer School invited world- with ‘integrity’ and the Gross National The Summer School began leading academics and accomplished Happiness Index in a session chaired by with participants examining the professionals in the field of forced Annual Harrell-Bond Lecture 2018: ‘In a Troubled and Polarised ‘Reducing Poverty and the Vice-Chancellor, Professor Louise conceptualisation of forced migration, migration to open each module. These Middle East: Challenges for Palestine Refugees and UNRWA’ Building Peace in Colombia: Richardson. Discussants included Martine considering displacement from political, speakers included Chaloka Beyani Inextricably Linked Processes’ Durand, Chief Statistician of the OECD 18 October 2019 His lecture highlighted the length legal and anthropological perspectives. (former UN Special Rapporteur for and Professor James Foster, Professor of Pierre Krähenbühl, UNRWA of time that Palestine refugees 12 November 2018 Economics and International Affairs at Building on these foundations, IDPs), Madeline Garlick (from UNHCR) Commissioner-General have remained refugees and the Juan Manuel Santos, former participants then contemplated different and Alessandro Monsutti (Chair of President of Colombia George Washington University. The event Magdalen College, Oxford conditions faced by them daily. ethical perspectives on the issue of free the Department of Anthropology and He also discussed UNRWA’s unique Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford was part of a launch conference for the Mr Krähenbühl opened by sharing and International Society of Bhutan Studies movement and the ethics of border Sociology at the Graduate Institute design, encompassing varied areas expounding on three thoughts from his Former Colombian President and (ISBS) with the purpose of developing the control, concluding with a lively debate Geneva). E Tendayi Achiume (UN Special of focus and activities (both many years spent in conflict zones: that Nobel Peace Laureate Juan Manuel study of Bhutanese culture and ideas. between tutor groups. The focus for the Rapporteur on contemporary forms of humanitarian emergency response we must strongly reject the notion that Santos began a three-year Visiting remainder of the week was on asylum racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and quasi state-like activities, such wars are inevitable; that we must also Professorship at Oxford with a policy and international refugee law. and related intolerance) provided an as the delivery of healthcare, social reject the idea that death and suffering Distinguished Public Lecture in Workshops on African Union protection informative and thought-provoking services, microfinance, and in particular 2019 ODS Lecture: ‘In Praise of is something anonymous – behind every which he shared his experience of and European Union protection endnote lecture on ‘Migration as education), and the financial challenges Floods and Wetland Refuges’ single statistic are lives lost and torn negotiating peace and pursuing enabled participants to further their decolonisation’. Included in the evening it faces following the withdrawal of apart; and that we live in a very troubling poverty reduction in Colombia. 7 May 2019 understanding of these areas. In a day- programme was a screening of ‘The US funding. time in which we need to take a very Professor James C Scott, Yale University long simulation, participants assumed Wait’, followed by a moving discussion Professor Santos outlined the strong stand for international law and in Listen to the lecture: roles negotiating and brokering for with the director, Dr Maher Abdulaziz. circumstances that inspired him to Professor Scott spoke about the defence of the multilateral system. bit.ly/Harrell-Bond2018 pursue peace negotiations with FARC importance of understanding rivers as the successful return of a group of Work in small, diverse tutor groups rebels in Colombia, as well as the living things, constantly changing shape. conditions he sought to create that He suggested that a flood is simply the would make the process possible. result of human trespass on the river’s He also spoke about Colombia’s natural floodplain and the ‘flood pulse’, experience of implementing a when the river overflows its banks, is Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), part of a natural cycle that is essential for developed with OPHI, as part of the fish, insects and other animals that live on process of building peace after the the river. He said it was also the basis for negotiations were complete. civilisation; the earliest forms of agriculture have almost always been flood recession President Santos also took part in agriculture. Professor Scott likened the an ‘In-Conversation’ style interview impact of efforts to sculpt and confine at the Blavatnik School of rivers through straightening and the use of Government, a roundtable discussion, levees to ‘iatrogenic’ illnesses and spoke in a book launch and a film screening favour of a ‘disturbance’ ecology in which in further events during November small natural disturbances are permitted in 2018 and May 2019. order to prevent much larger, catastrophic Watch the lecture: bit.ly/JMS_2018 disturbances. Listen to the podcast: bit.ly/ODS_Scott 28 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 EVENTS 29

SUMMER SCHOOLS (continued)

is an essential feature of the summer UNHCR, the International Organisation talks on ‘Education under siege: the school. Once again, these groups were for Migration, and the Jesuit Refugee experience at Gaza’s universities’; fundamental in encouraging critical Service were well represented this year, ‘Improving responses to refugees through reflection and debate on assumptions and there were also officials from various problem identification while working with professional practices. The 2019 tutor governments, staff of international and US military actors’; ‘#BetterTogether - groups were led by Catherine Briddick, local NGOs (Refugee Consortium of Kenya, response to refugees in Indonesia’; Jeff Crisp, Matthew Gibney, Maryanne the Icelandic Directorate of Immigration, and ‘Complex identity and language Loughry, Tom Scott-Smith and Liesbeth INHURED International, and Inter- development through migration, Schockaert. American Court of Human Rights) as well frustration, integration’. as full-time researchers and academics. A crucial resource of the Summer School The RSC remains committed to providing has always been the diversity of its Participants were able to share their bursary support to deserving participants, participants. The Summer School offers personal experiences and fields of particularly those from the global a unique opportunity for professionals interest with fellow participants, tutors, South, who would otherwise be unable from all over the world to learn from and members of the Refugee Studies to attend this course. In 2019, ten each other and to form long-term Centre during our Saturday Festival of participants received bursary funding networks that benefit both their personal Ideas. Thanks to the varied background thanks to generous support from the and professional development. While of participants, their presentations were IKEA Foundation and the Swiss Federal major international organisations such as wide-ranging, engaging and included Department of Foreign Affairs. © CONEVAL

The 2019 cohort of the OPHI skills and gain inspiration. Attendees included Sabina Alkire, Adriana Summer School completed represented a cross section of the Conconi, Usha Kanagaratnam, Corinne an intensive two-week training development sector, ranging from Mitchell, Ricardo Nogales, Christian in multidimensional poverty professional staff from national offices Oldiges, Monica Pinilla-Roncancio, measurement in August. of statistics and government ministries and Frank Vollmer. The OPHI team to researchers and students from also covered the conceptual and The OPHI Summer School is an annual academia and international agencies. empirical motivation for measuring course led by OPHI Director Sabina multidimensional poverty, as well as Alkire and the OPHI team that provides During the course, special speakers estimation, dimensional breakdown, a thorough technical and practical included: Executive Secretary of disaggregation by population subgroup, introduction to multidimensional CONEVAL, Dr José Nabor Cruz standard errors and statistical poverty measurement with a strong Marcelo; Professor James Foster, inference, robustness, communications, emphasis on the Alkire-Foster method. the Oliver T Carr Jr Professor of and policy applications. Supporting the International Affairs at the George Held in different countries each year, course were Freya Paulucci-Couldrick, Washington University; and Luis the 2019 Summer School was hosted Émeline Marcelin and Johanna Felipe López-Calva, UN Development by CONEVAL at their headquarters in Andrango. Programme (UNDP) Assistant Mexico City. As Mexico was the first Upon completing the Summer Administrator and Regional Director for country to develop an official national School with presentations and an Latin American and the Caribbean. measure of multidimensional poverty exam, participants demonstrated based on the Alkire-Foster method, Taking participants through Amartya that they had developed the skills CONEVAL was an inspiring setting for Sen’s capability approach and required to construct and analyse a nearly 60 participants representing empirical examples of national and multidimensional poverty measure 23 countries from around the world global multidimensional poverty using the AF method, and to describe to come together to develop their indices were the OPHI team, which its policy relevance. Raphael Bradenbrink 30 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 PUBLICATIONS 31

BOOKS PUBLICATIONS Andersson, Ruben (2019) No Go World: How fear is redrawing our maps and infecting our politics, University of California Press

Bjola, Corneliu (with James Pamment) (eds) (2018) Countering Online Propaganda and Extremism: The Dark Side of Digital Diplomacy, Routledge

Boyden, Jo (with Andrew Dawes, Paul Dornan and Colin Tredoux) (2019) Tracing the Consequences of Child Poverty. Evidence from the Young Lives Study in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam, Policy Press

Fu, Xiaolan (with George Owusu Essegbey and Godfred Kwasi Frempong) (2019) Andersson, Ruben (with Martin Saxer) Betts, Alexander (2018) ‘The Global Compact

Garima Jaju, DPhil in International Development Jaju, DPhil in International Garima Multinationals, Local Capacity Building and (2019) ‘The return of remoteness: insecurity, on Refugees: towards a theory of change?’ Development: The Role of Chinese and isolation and connectivity in the new world International Journal of Refugee Law 30 (4): European MNEs, Edward Elgar disorder’, Social Anthropology 27 (2): 140-55 623-6

Mahmood, Zaad (with Achin Chakraborty, Andersson, Ruben (with Martin Saxer) Bjola, Corneliu (with Jennifer Cassidy and Ilan Subhanil Chowdhury and Supurna Banerjee) (eds) (2019) ‘Special issue – The return Manor) (2019) ‘Public diplomacy in the digital (2019) Limits of Bargaining: Capital, Labour of remoteness: insecurity, isolation and age’, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy 14 (1): and the State in Contemporary India, connectivity in the new world disorder’, Social 83-101 Cambridge University Press Anthropology 27 (2) Bjola, Corneliu (with Yuanzhe Ren) (2019) Malik, Adeel (with Ishac Diwan, Izak Atiyas) Andersson, Ruben (2019) ‘The Timbuktu ‘Adapting diplomacy to the digital age: (eds) (2019) Crony Capitalism in the Middle syndrome’, Social Anthropology 27 (2): managing the organisational culture of East: Business and Politics from Liberalization 304-19 ministries of foreign affairs’, Foreign Affairs to the Arab Spring, Oxford University Press Review (in Chinese) 1: 1-27 Andersson, Ruben (with Florian Weigand) UNDP and OPHI (2019) How to Build a Bjola, Corneliu (2018) ‘Digital diplomacy 2.0: (2019 online) ‘Institutionalised intervention: National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI): trends and countertrends’, Revista Mexicana de the “bunker politics” of international aid in Using the MPI to Inform the SDGs, United Política Exterior (in Spanish) 113 (July/August): Afghanistan’, Journal of Intervention and Nations Development Programme and Oxford 35-52 Poverty and Human Development Initiative, Statebuilding University of Oxford Boyden, Jo (with Robert Wm Blum, Annabel Andersson, Ruben (with David Keen) (2018) Erulkar, Caroline Kabiru, and Siswanto Wilopo) ‘Double games: success, failure and the (2019) ‘Commentary: achieving gender relocation of risk in fighting terror, drugs and JOURNAL ARTICLES equality requires placing adolescents at the migration’, Political Geography 67: 100-10 center’, Journal of Adolescent Health 64 (6): Adam, Christopher (with Bin Grace Li, Andrew 691 Berg, Peter Montiel and Stephen O’Connell) Andersson, Ruben (2018) ‘Profits and (2019 online) ‘Structural VARs and the predation in the bioeconomy of border Briddick, Catherine (2019 online) ‘Precarious monetary transmission mechanism in low- controls’, Public Culture 30 (3): 413-39 workers and probationary wives: how income African countries’, Journal of African Economies immigration law discriminates against women’, Bachleitner, Kathrin (2018 online) ‘Diplomacy Social & Legal Studies The department’s dynamic research Prosperity (Professor Christopher Adam, Private Enterprise Development in Low with memory: how the past is employed for Adam, Christopher (with Douglas Gollin, programme is reflected in a steady Oxford University Press); Diversity and Income Countries programme. future foreign policy’, Foreign Policy Analysis David Bevan) (2018) ‘Rural–urban linkages, Chigudu, Simukai (2019 online) ‘The politics stream of top-flight academic Plurality in South Asia (Professor Nandini The department and a number of its public investment and transport costs: the of cholera, crisis and citizenship in urban Bachleitner, Kathrin (2018) ‘Golda Meir and publications. You can find out more about Gooptu, Anthem); New Diplomacy case of Tanzania’, World Development 109: Zimbabwe: “people were dying like flies”‘, research programmes have active Bruno Kreisky - a political and personal duel’, this year’s publications by departmental 497-510 African Affairs (Professor Corneliu Bjola, Routledge); Working Paper series to provide rapid Israel Studies 23 (1): 26-49 staff opposite and overleaf. and Studies in Forced Migration access to their latest findings, as well Alexander, Jocelyn (2019) ‘The productivity Costello, Cathryn (2019) ‘Refugees and ODID hosts one of the leading scholarly (produced in association with the RSC, as producing a variety of research and of political imprisonment: stories from Bano, Masooda (2018) ‘At the tipping point?: (other) migrants: will the Global Compacts al-Azhar’s growing crisis of moral authority’, journals in the field, Oxford Development Berghahn Books). In addition, Professor policy briefings to enable dissemination Rhodesia’, The Journal of Imperial and ensure safe flight and onward mobility for International Journal of Middle East Studies 50 Studies, a multidisciplinary journal Christopher Woodruff is an editor of Commonwealth History 47 (2): 300-24 refugees?’ International Journal of Refugee to non-academic audiences. In addition, (4): 715-34 published four times a year, aimed at the Law 30 (4): 643-9 the VoxDev development economics the RSC produces the magazine Forced research and policy-making community. Alexander, Jocelyn (2019) ‘State writing, discussion platform, voxdev.org, a Migration Review, the most widely read subversion and citizenship in Southern Bano, Masooda (2019) ‘Official al-Azhar Crivello, Gina (with Virginia Morrow) (2019 ODID academics also edit a number joint initiative of the IGC, the Centre publication on refugees and internally Rhodesia’s state of emergency, 1959–1960’, versus al-Azhar imagined: the Arab Spring and online) ‘Against the odds: why some children of book series: Africa: Policies for for Economic Policy Research and the displaced and stateless people. Canadian Journal of African Studies 52 (3): the revival of religious imagination’, Die Welt fare well in the face of adversity’, Journal of 289-309 des Islams 59: 7-32 Development Studies 32 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PUBLICATIONS 33

Krishnan, Pramila (with Christian Helmers, Development and Cultural Change 67 (2): Hodgkinson, Dan (2018) ‘Subversive Betts, Alexander (with Raphael Bradenbrink, Manasa Patnam) (2019) ‘Attention and saliency 333-68 communities and the “Rhodesian sixties”: an Jonathan Greenland, Naohiko Omata, and on the internet: evidence from an online exploration of transnational protests, 1965– Olivier Sterck) (2019) Refugee Economies recommendation system’, Journal of Economic Tsourdi, Evangelia (Lilian) (with Bruno De 1973’. In Chen Jian, Martin Klimke, Masha in Dollo Ado: Development Opportunities in Behavior & Organization 161: 216-42 Witte) (2018) ‘The Court of Justice endorses Kirasirova, Mary Nolan, Marilyn a Border Region of Ethiopia, Refugee Studies the emergency scheme for compulsory Young and Joanna Waley-Cohen (eds) The Centre, University of Oxford Manokha, Ivan (2018) ‘Surveillance: the DNA relocation of asylum seekers within the Routledge Handbook of the Global Sixties, of platform capital. The case of Cambridge European Union: Slovak Republic and Hungary v Routledge Betts, Alexander (with Leon Fryszer, Naohiko Analytica put into perspective’, Theory & Event Council’, Common Market Law Review 55 (5): Omata, and Olivier Sterck) (2019) Refugee 21 (4): 891-913 1457-94 Pailey, Robtel Neajai (2019) ‘Women, equality, Economies in Addis Ababa: Towards Sustainable and citizenship in contemporary Africa’. In Opportunities for Urban Communities? Refugee Manokha, Ivan (2018) ‘Surveillance, Vandevoordt, Robin (with Gert Verschraegen) Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics Studies Centre, University of Oxford panopticism, and self-discipline in the digital (2019) ‘Citizenship as a gift: how Syrian age’, Surveillance & Society 16 (2): 219-37 refugees in Belgium make sense of their social Vandevoordt, Robin (with Gert Verschraegen) Moore, Rhiannon (with Jack Rossiter, Martin rights’, Citizenship Studies 23 (1): 43-60 (2019) ‘Subversive humanitarianism and its Woodhead, and Caine Rolleston) (2019) Manokha, Ivan (2018) ‘Le scandale de challenges: notes on the political ambiguities of Summative Report: Delivering on every child’s Cambridge Analytica contextualisé: le capital Vandevoordt, Robin (with Gert Verschraegen) civil refugee support’. In M Feischmidt, L Pries right to basic skills, Young Lives, University of de plateforme, la surveillance et les données (2019 online) ‘Demonstrating deservingness and C Cantat (eds) Refugee Protection and Civil Oxford comme nouvelle “marchandise fictive”‘, Cultures and dignity. Symbolic boundary work among Society in Europe, Palgrave & Conflits 109: 39-59 Syrian refugees’, Poetics NSIA and OPHI (2019) Afghanistan Zetter, Roger (2018) ‘Conceptualising forced Multidimensional Poverty Index 2016–2017: Crossley, Noele (2018) ‘Is R2P still Gledhill, John (with Allard Duursma) (2019 Omata, Naohiko (with Noriko Takahashi) Western, Tom (2018) ‘Introduction: migration: praxis, scholarship and empirics’. Report and Analysis, National Statistics and controversial? Continuity and change in online) ‘Voted out: regime type, elections, and (2018) ‘Promoting the economic reintegration ethnomusicologies of radio’, Ethnomusicology In Alice Bloch and Giorgia Dona (eds) Forced Information Authority of the Islamic Republic the debate on humanitarian intervention’, contributions to UN peacekeeping operations’, of returnees through vocational training: Forum 27 (3): 255-64 Migration: Current Issues and Debates, Taylor of Afghanistan, and Oxford Poverty and Human Cambridge Review of International Affairs 31 European Journal of International Relations lessons from Liberia’, Development in Practice & Francis. Development Initiative, University of Oxford (5): 415-36 28 (8): 1022-33 Woodruff, Christopher (with Suresh de Gledhill, John (2018) ‘Disaggregating Mel, David McKenzie) (2019) ‘Labor drops: Zetter, Roger (with Ray Salvatore Jennings, OPHI (2019) Global Multidimensional Poverty Friedrichs, Jörg (2019) ‘Explaining China’s opportunities: opportunity structures and Omata, Naohiko (2019) ‘Contributors or experimental evidence on the return to Sima Kanaan et al) (2019) ‘Refugee returns Index 2018: The Most Detailed Picture to Date popularity in the Middle East and Africa’, Third organisational resources in the study of armed competitors? Complexity and variability of additional labor in microenterprises’, American through a global lens’. In The Mobility of of the World’s Poorest People, Oxford Poverty World Quarterly conflict’, Civil Wars 20 (4): 500-28 refugees’ economic “impacts” within a Kenyan Economic Journal: Applied Economics 11 (1): Displaced Syrians: An Economic and Social and Human Development Initiative, University host community’, Migration Letters 16 (2): 202-35 Analysis, World Bank of Oxford Fu, Xiaolan (with Yi Zhang, Kaihua Chen) Goodwin, Geoff (2019) ‘The problem and 135-44 (2019 online) ‘Scientific effects of Triple promise of coproduction: politics, history, and CHAPTERS REPORTS UNDP and OPHI (2019) Global Multidi- Helix interactions among research institutes, autonomy’, World Development 122: 501-13 Özkul, Derya (2019) ‘The making of a mensional Poverty Index 2019: Illuminating Bjola, Corneliu (2019) ‘Propaganda as reflexive Andersson, Ruben (with David Keen) (2019) industries and universities’, Technovation 86- transnational religion: Alevi movement in Inequalities, United Nations Development control: the digital dimension’. In Corneliu Partners in Crime? The Impacts of Europe’s 87: 33-47 Goodwin, Geoff (2018) ‘Water, infrastructure Germany and the World Alevi union’, British Programme and Oxford Poverty and Human Bjola, James Pamment (eds) Countering Online Outsourced Migration Controls on Peace, and power: contention and resistance in post- Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 46 (2): Development Initiative, University of Oxford. Propaganda and Extremism: The Dark Side of Stability and Rights, Saferworld Fu, Xiaolan (with Ann Njoki Kingiri) (2019 colonial cities of the south’, Development and 259-73 online) ‘Understanding the diffusion and Digital Diplomacy, Routledge Change 49 (6): 1616-30 Zetter, Roger (with James Mackie, Héloïse Ru- Betts, Alexander (with Imane Chaara, Naohiko adoption of digital finance innovation in Sánchez-Ancochea, Diego (with Jesús Peña- audel, Maaria Seppänen, and Noemi Cascone) emerging economies: M-Pesa money mobile Friedrichs, Jörg (2019) ‘Escapology, or how to Omata, and Olivier Sterck) (2019) Refugee Gooptu, Nandini (with Rangan Chakravarty) Vinces, Jorge Guillén and Luis Aguado) (2019) (2019) Evaluation on Forced Displacement escape Malthusian traps’. In John Brewer, Neil Economies in Uganda: What Difference Does transfer service in Kenya’, Innovation and ‘Scientific capacity and industrial development and Finnish Development Policy, Ministry of (2018) ‘Skill, work and gendered identity in Fromer and Frank Trentman (eds) Scarcity in the Self-Reliance Model Make? Refugee Development as locomotors of international competitiveness Foreign Affairs of Finland contemporary India: the business of delivering the Modern World: History, Politics, Society and Studies Centre, University of Oxford home-cooked food for domestic consumption’, in Latin America’, Technological and Economic Fu, Xiaolan (with K Chen, Y Zhang) (2018) Sustainability, 1800-2075, Bloomsbury Journal of South Asian Development 13 (3): Development of Economy 25 (1): 300-21 ‘International research collaboration: an 293-314 emerging domain of innovation studies?’, Sánchez-Ancochea, Diego (with Juliana Research Policy 48 (1): 149-68 Martínez Franzoni) (2018 online) ‘Overcoming Gooptu, Nandini (2018) ‘JSAD Special issue segmentation in social policy? Comparing new on skill development in India’, Journal of South Gibney, Matthew J (2019 online) early education and child care efforts in Costa Asian Development 13 (3): 241-48 ‘Denationalisation and discrimination’, Journal Rica and Uruguay’, Bulletin of Latin American of Ethnic and Migration Studies Research Hodgkinson, Dan (2019) ‘Nationalists with no nation: oral history, ZANU(PF) and the Gibney, Matthew J (2018) ‘The ethics of Sánchez-Ancochea, Diego (with Juliana refugees’, Philosophy Compass 13 (10) meanings of Rhodesian student activism in Martínez Franzoni) (2018) ‘Undoing Zimbabwe’, Africa 89 (S1): S40-S64 segmentation? Latin American health care Gledhill, John (with Richard Dolan and Jeremy policy during the economic boom’, Social Policy Snyder) (2019) ‘Availability without access? Hodgkinson, Dan (with Luke Melchiorre) & Administration 52 (6): 1181-200 Globalization and socio-political cleavages in (2019) ‘Introduction: student activism in an emerging economies’, Globalizations 16 (1): era of decolonization’, Africa 89 (S1): S1-S14 Sterck, Olivier (2019 online) ‘Fighting for 83-103 votes: theory and evidence from Burundi’, Korkmaz, Emre Eren (2018 online) ‘How do Economica Gledhill, John (with Jonathan Bright) (2019) Turkey-origin immigrant workers in Germany ‘Studying peace and studying conflict: represent themselves through trade unions Sterck, Olivier (with A Colombo and O complementary or competing projects?’, Journal and works councils?’, Economic and Industrial D’Aoust) (2019) ‘From rebellion to electoral of Global Security Studies 4 (2): 259-66 Democracy violence: evidence from Burundi’, Economic Siyao Mao, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies MPhil in Development Mao, Siyao 34 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PUBLICATIONS 35

PRIZES AND AWARDS THE ODID BLOG

Refuge: Rethinking Refugee Policy in a Changing World (Oxford University Press, 2017) by Professor Alexander Betts and Paul Collier of the Blavatnik School of Government was shortlisted for the 2019 Estoril Global Issues Distinguished Book Prize. The book suggests the recent refugee ‘crisis’ in Europe offers an opportunity for reform if international policy-makers focus on delivering humane, effective and sustainable outcomes – both for Europe and for countries that border conflict zones. It sets out an alternative vision that can empower refugees to help themselves, contribute to their host societies, and even rebuild their countries of origin. The prize publicly recognises the author of a submitted book that best deals with significant global issues, while seeking to provide both new analyses and new perspectives related to globalisation and its inherent challenges, so as to help the world better understand its globally relevant risks and collective action problems.

The Myth of Self-Reliance: Economic Lives Inside a Liberian Refugee Camp by Dr Naohiko Omata was chosen for the GDS Book 2018–2019 Honorable Mention Category by the GDS Book Award Committee. The book challenges whether Buduburam refugee camp in Ghana deserves its reputation as a model of self-reliance, and sheds light on the considerable economic inequality that exists between refugee households. By following the same refugee households over several years, it also provides valuable insights into refugees’ experiences of repatriation to Liberia after protracted exile and their responses to the ending of refugee status for remaining refugees in Ghana. The GDS Book Prize is awarded annually by the International Studies Association (ISA) Global Development Studies (GDS) section. It is awarded to books from a variety of fields that show a scholarly concern ‘with development and global justice’.

An article co-authored by Professor Xiaolan Fu exploring how Chinese firms acquire knowledge and experience in international markets by attracting returnees has won the 2018 International Business Review Best Journal Paper of the Year Award. The paper, ‘Highly skilled returnees and the internationalisation of EMNEs: Firm-level evidence from China’ used an original firm-level survey from Guangdong province and was co-authored with Jun Hou of Lincoln University and Marco Sanfilippo of the University of Bari, Italy. The award, which was announced at the European International Business Academy (EIBA) conference, is given for ‘the best IBR article (published in the previous The ODID blog brings together commentary and analysis by staff, students, year’s volume) in terms of enhancing the field of International Business research alumni, and friends of the department on the issues we research. in the future’. To subscribe, visit www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/blog. Siyao Mao, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies MPhil in Development Mao, Siyao 36 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PUBLICATIONS 37

Forced Migration Review is published in English, Arabic, Spanish, and French, and is free of charge in print and online. It brings together researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and displaced people to analyse the causes and impacts of displacement; debate policies and programmes; share research findings; reflect the lived experience of displacement; and present examples of good practice and recommendations for policy and action.

FMR 59 TWENTY YEARS OF THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT OCTOBER 2018 In the 20 years since they were launched, the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement have been of assistance to many states responding to internal displacement, and have been incorporated into many national and regional policies and laws. However, the scale of internal displacement today remains vast, and the impact on those who are displaced is immense. This issue includes 19 articles on the main feature theme, plus seven ‘general’ articles.

FMR 60 EDUCATION: NEEDS, RIGHTS AND ACCESS IN DISPLACEMENT MARCH 2019 Education is one of the most important aspects of our lives – vital to our development, our understanding and our personal and professional fulfilment throughout life. In times of crisis, however, millions of displaced young people miss out on months or years of education, and this is damaging to them and their families, as well as to their societies, both in the short and long term. This issue of FMR includes 29 articles on education, and two ‘general’ articles.

FMR 61 THE ETHICS ISSUE JUNE 2019 The 19 feature theme articles in this issue debate many of the ethical questions that confront us in research, programming, safeguarding, and volunteering, and in our use of data, new technologies, messaging, and images. This issue is published in tribute to Barbara Harrell-Bond, founder of the Refugee Studies Centre and FMR, who died in July 2018. In a special collection of articles within this issue, authors discuss Barbara’s legacy: the impact she had and its relevance for our work today.

Find out more: www.fmreview.org For forthcoming issues see www.fmreview.org/forthcoming. To be notified about new and forthcoming issues, sign up for alerts at www.fmreview.org/request/alerts.

OXFORD DEVELOPMENT STUDIES The journal Oxford Development Studies (ODS) provides a forum for rigorous and critical analysis of conventional theories and policy issues in all aspects of development, and aims to contribute to new approaches. It covers a number of disciplines related to development, including economics, history, politics, anthropology, and sociology, and publishes quantitative papers as well as surveys of literature. It is published by Taylor and Francis and edited at ODID. Find out more at www.tandfonline.com/loi/cods20 Jean-Benoit Falisse, DPhil in Interantional Development DPhil in Interantional Falisse, Jean-Benoit Melissa Godin, MPhil in Development Studies 2017-19 Studies Godin, MPhil in Development Melissa 38 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PEOPLE 39

Syrian children, with more than 70% of children PEOPLE not attending school. The study determined potential interventions that could enhance Syrian refugees’ livelihoods in Lebanon, which Dr al Zoubi recently presented at a workshop she hosted at Christ Church.

Her work has also highlighted the challenges she has faced as a female Syrian researcher, and how these increased in complexity during the war. Saja al Zoubi, Visiting Researcher She has also spoken about the difficulties faced by displaced academics, particularly female Saja Taha al Zoubi joined ODID in January 2018 academics. as a Visiting Researcher, where she has been We were delighted to welcome working with Professor Cheryl Doss on issues of As a Visiting Researcher at ODID, Dr al Zoubi has Graham Bray as our new Head of gender and the livelihoods of refugees. been using the data collected from the refugee Administration and Finance in 2018. camps in Lebanon to analyse refugees’ coping Dr al Zoubi is a development economist, Graham was formerly Chief Operating strategies in harsh conditions, and investigate whose early research focused on gender and Officer at Young Lives, where he had what happens when coping strategies become a rural development in Syria, particularly the overall responsibility for all operational way of life. She has also been carrying out some role of women’s empowerment. Her work has aspects of the study, including background research for a project on enhancing demonstrated the many, critical contributions financial and personnel management, women make towards supporting their the livelihoods, socioeconomic integration, grants, contracts, and monitoring and households and communities. More recently, her and contribution of Syrian refugees in the UK, evaluation. focusing in particular on factors that affect work has focused on the experiences of Syrians Graham has extensive experience integration, solidarity, and cohesion with the who have been displaced by the war. managing and supporting international host community in order to determine suitable development programmes and a track Dr al Zoubi worked for five years during the interventions. war in Syria in academic and humanitarian record of leadership and management. roles through INGOs and the United Nations. In 2019, Dr al Zoubi joined Christ Church as After five years teaching in rural Sierra Her extensive experience in qualitative and a tutor on Gender and Forced Migration. She Leone and Zimbabwe, he managed quantitative fieldwork and data analysis enabled is the recipient of numerous awards: from the HelpAge International’s programmes in her to conduct rapid appraisals and fieldwork in Open Society Foundations, USA (Civil Society East and Southern Africa. active conflict zones and besieged areas in Syria, Scholar Award); the Open Society Foundation, Before joining Young Lives, he worked and in refugee camps in Lebanon. Jordan (Transformative Gender Research Fund); for VSO, initially as Country Director the Syrian Scientific Agricultural Research of VSO’s programme in Ghana, and Collaborating with international organisations, Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian then at VSO’s head office, advising she conducted a comprehensive two-year Reform; the L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women programme staff and coordinating study that explored how to enhance the in Science Pan-Arab Regional award in rural the development of strategic and livelihoods of Syrian refugees in the Bekaa development and women’s empowerment operational management processes Valley, East Lebanon. The study demonstrated studies; and the League of Arab States’ ‘Arab to improve programme delivery and that the vulnerability of Syrian refugees Women Organization’ for the best Arabic book strategic alignment. in Lebanon was due to their lack of legal about women. documents, protection, and the right to work. The study findings also highlighted the Find out more about the workshop: deterioration in the educational situation for bit.ly/alZoubi

As of 31 July 2019, the department research staff reflects our commitment to take up the position of Head of had 98 staff members, including to international development objectives: Education Policy and Planning in the core academic teaching staff, research 53% are women and around 74% are of Social Sciences Division. officers and assistants in our research non-UK origin. We also welcomed a number of visitors programmes, and communications This year we were delighted to welcome to the department over the course of and support staff. Of our teaching a new Head of Administration and the year. We are particularly honoured staff, 10 are Professors, 13 Associate Finance, Graham Bray. Graham was to host former Colombian President Professors, and 10 Departmental previously Chief Operating Officer at Juan Manuel Santos, who joins us for a Lecturers. ODID’s Young Lives study. He replaces three-year visiting professorship. Read The diversity of our academic and Lindsay Rudge, who has moved on more opposite. Development Semplici, DPhil in International Greta 40 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PEOPLE 41

President Juan Manuel Santos, Visiting Professor We were delighted to welcome former President President Santos is a distinguished public of Colombia and Nobel Peace Laureate Juan figure and an influential leader, well known Manuel Santos to the department as a Visiting for his role in the recent Colombian peace Gary Jones, ODID caretaker, was shortlisted once again in the Best Support Staff category of the Oxford Professor in Development for a period of three process. He was awarded the Nobel Peace University student-led Teaching Awards. Gary won the award in 2017 with a record 67 nominations, and was years, with a focus on reducing multidimensional Prize in 2016 for ‘his resolute efforts to also shortlisted in 2015 and 2018. The awards aim to recognise great teaching and teaching support at Oxford poverty and building peace. bring the country’s more than 50-year- and to help engage students more effectively in their academic experience. During this period, President Santos will conduct long civil war to an end’. During his term independent work on poverty reduction and in office, which recently closed, President peace building with the Oxford Poverty and Santos took leadership in global efforts Human Development Initiative (OPHI) as well to reduce multidimensional poverty, including as via interaction with the vibrant academic co-founding the Multidimensional community of the department and University Poverty Peer Network (MPPN), a South- at large. In his capacity as Visiting Professor, South initiative of policy-makers working EARLY CAREER President Santos will participate in University to fight poverty in all its forms and RESEARCHERS life and share his experience as well as enjoying dimensions, launched in Oxford in 2013

Greg Smolonski / Photovibe Smolonski / Photovibe Greg We are delighted that a number space for his own reflection and writing. by its Secretariat, OPHI. of our Early Career Researchers have gone on to secure high- calibre academic and research HONOURS AND AWARDS positions after leaving us:

Stefano Caria, Departmental Departmental Lecturer Dan Hodgkinson won a University Teaching Excellence Award Lecturer in Development for his outstanding contribution to teaching within ODID, and commitment to the History Economics, is now Lecturer in and Politics stream of the MPhil in Development Studies. His students and colleagues Economics at the University of recognised Dan’s dedication to the department beyond his teaching responsibilities in the Bristol overwhelmingly positive feedback they submitted to the Social Sciences Divisional Board, Georgia Cole, Joyce Pearce including his organisation of interactive workshops on ‘Identity and Junior Research Fellow, is now Your Learning’, and his proactive contributions to other courses. Research Fellow at the Margaret Anstee Centre for Global Studies at Newnham College, Cambridge Professor Alexander Betts was appointed Associate Head (Graduate and Research Training) Arndt Emmerich, Research in the Social Science Division. The role includes the Directorship of the ESRC Doctoral Training Officer, CSIA, is now Research Programme. The appointment is for three years and begins in Michaelmas Term 2019. Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity in Göttingen, Leverhulme Early Career Fellow Robtel Neajai Pailey won an International Anti- Germany Corruption Excellence Award for her anti-corruption children’s books, Gbagba and Jaadeh!. Patricia Espinoza, Quantitative The awards are sponsored by the Rule of Law and Anti-Corruption Centre in Doha, Qatar, Research Officer, Young Lives, is and are in support of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime and its anti-corruption mandates. now Deputy Head of Research at Gbagba was published by One Moore Book in 2013 and subsequently placed on the list of Oxfam supplemental readers for 3rd to 5th graders in Liberia and for Primary 3 in Ghana. Jaadeh! followed in 2019. Gunvor Jonsson, Departmental Lecturer in Migration and Development, is now Lecturer in Social Anthropology at SOAS Associate Professor Simukai Chigudu won the 2018 Audrey Richards Prize, awarded biennially for the best doctoral thesis in African Studies successfully examined in a British institution The department won a plaque in the ‘Small Building Conservation’ category of the 2018 of higher education. Simukai completed his DPhil, which explored the politics of Zimbabwe’s Oxford Preservation Trust (OPT) awards for the cleaning and repair work carried out 2008/09 cholera outbreak, at ODID in 2017. The prize is awarded by the African Studies to the building during 2017. According to Anthony Meek of the Estates Service, who Association of the UK (ASAUK) and was announced at the biennial conference in Birmingham in oversaw the work, the OPT were impressed by the way in which ‘the work brought to September 2018. the attention a remarkable building that had previously been overlooked and ... was the catalyst for other renovation work along Mansfield Road’. 42 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PEOPLE 43

Christian Oldiges ALL STAFF 2018/19

ACADEMIC AND Patricia Espinoza** Pierre Marion** RESEARCH STAFF Quantitative Research Officer, Young Lives Research Analyst, Young Lives Christopher Adam Marta Favara Lydia Marshall* Professor of Development Economics and Head Senior Research Officer, Young Lives Senior Education Researcher, Young Lives of Department Marie-Laurence Flahaux** Rhiannon Moore Jocelyn Alexander Research Officer, IMI Education Research Officer, Young Lives Professor of Commonwealth Studies Jörg Friedrichs Caroline Nalule* Ali Ali Associate Professor of Politics Research Officer, Refugees are Migrants: Refugee Mobility, Recognition and Rights, RSC Departmental Lecturer in Forced Migration Xiaolan Fu Manhal Ali Professor of Technology and International Ricardo Nogales Carvajal Research Officer: Productivity and Development, Development Research Officer, OPHI The Readymade Garment Productivity Project Matthew J Gibney Christian Oldiges Sabina Alkire Elizabeth Colson Professor of Politics and Forced Research Officer, OPHI Migration and Director, RSC Director, OPHI, and Associate Professor Naohiko Omata Ruben Andersson John Gledhill Senior Research Officer, Refugee Economies, RSC Associate Professor of Global Governance Associate Professor of Migration and Rachel Outhred* Development Marie Godin Senior Education Researcher, Young Lives British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow Masooda Bano Derya Ozkul* Professor of Development Studies Douglas Gollin Research Officer, Refugees are Migrants: Alexander Betts Professor of Development Economics Refugee Mobility, Recognition and Rights, RSC Professor of Forced Migration and International Geoff Goodwin* Robtel Neajai Pailey Affairs Departmental Lecturer in Development Studies Leverhulme Early Career Fellow Corneliu Bjola Nandini Gooptu Kate Pincock** Associate Professor of Diplomatic Studies Associate Professor of South Asian Studies Research Officer, The Global Governed, RSC Sophie Boote* Dan Hodgkinson Research Assistant Departmental Lecturer in African History and Natalie Quinn Kristine Briones** Politics Senior Research Officer, OPHI Research Analyst, Young Lives Dominique Jolivet** Laura Rival Catherine Briddick* Research Assistant, EUMAGINE Project, IMI Associate Professor of Anthropology and Development Martin James Departmental Lecturer in Gender Gunvor Jonsson** and Migration Departmental Lecturer in Migration and Anne-Line Rodriguez** Stefano Caria** Development Early Career Fellow in Refugee and Forced Migration Studies Departmental Lecturer in Development Usha Kanagaratnam Economics Research Officer, OPHI Jack Rossiter** Education Research Officer, Young Lives Grace Change** Margaryta Klymak* Research Analyst, Young Lives Departmental Lecturer in Development Diego Sánchez-Ancochea Simukai Chigudu Economics Professor of the Political Economy of Development Associate Professor of African Politics Emre Eren Korkmaz Georgia Cole** Departmental Lecturer in Migration and Sophie Scharlin-Pettee* Joyce Pearce Junior Research Fellow Development MPI Data Analyst and Supervisor, OPHI Cathryn Costello Pramila Krishnan Tom Scott-Smith Andrew W Mellon Associate Professor of Professor of Development Economics Associate Professor of Refugee Studies and Forced Migration International Human Rights and Refugee Law Shaomeng Li Gina Crivello Researcher and Project Coordinator, TMCD Anne Solon** Data Manager, Young Lives Senior Research Officer, Young Lives Zaad Mahmood** Noele Crossley* Departmental Lecturer in South Asian Olivier Sterck Departmental Lecturer in Global Governance Development and Politics Senior Research Fellow and Lecturer Cheryl Doss Bilal Malaeb** Maria Stierna* Senior Departmental Lecturer in Development Research Officer, OPHI Research Assistant, RSC Economics and Associate Professor Adeel Malik Nikita Sud Evan Easton-Calabria Globe Fellow in the Economies of Muslim Associate Professor of Development Early Career Fellow, Rethinking Refuge, RSC Societies and Associate Professor Studies Arndt Emmerich** Ivan Manokha Patrick Thewlis** Research Officer, CSIA Departmental Lecturer in International Political Research Officer, CSIA Economy 44 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2019 PEOPLE 45

Evangelia (Lilian) Tsourdi Cristina Hernandez COMMUNICATIONS, VISITORS OXFORD ASSOCIATES Departmental Lecturer in International Human Finance and Contracts Administrator, OPHI PUBLICITY, AND Rights and Refugee Law ODID welcomes scholars from abroad Our Oxford Associates are colleagues with Oxford University academic Victoria Hudson OUTREACH STAFF or from elsewhere in the UK who wish appointments or similar positions in colleges who work on development and Robin Vandevoordt* Deputy Administrator Lur Alghurabi* Early Career Fellow in Refugee and Forced to pursue research at Oxford in the have research and/or teaching links with ODID: Communications and Administrative Assistant Migration Studies Josie Inaldo* area of development studies. Visiting Postgraduate Course Coordinator, MPhil in Jo Boyce Christopher Allsopp Neil MacFarlane Ferrán Vega scholars work on their own projects while Development Studies New College Department of Politics and International Relations Research Analyst Communications and Alumni Relations Officer at Oxford and have the opportunity to Hui Jiao-Rashbrook* Anastasia Bow-Bertrand** attend and participate in a wide variety Sudhir Anand Matthew McCartney Susanne Verheul Project Administrator, Valuation of Early Stage of lectures and seminars across the St Catherine’s College Oxford School of Global and Area Studies Leverhulme Early Career Fellow Technology in the ICT industry Project and The Communications Manager, Young Lives University. Their research will fall broadly Tom Western* Digital Technology-based New Business Model for Marion Couldrey William Beinart David Mills within the research categories covered Early Career Fellow in Refugee and Forced Inclusive Development Project, TMCD Forced Migration Review Co-Editor, RSC St Antony’s College Department of Education by the department; our research groups Migration Studies Gary Jones Rana Mitter Paul Dornan** encourage affiliations with academics Nancy Bermeo Christopher Woodruff Caretaker Senior Policy Officer, Young Lives Department of Politics and International Relations Department of Politics and International Relations Professor of Development Economics working in their particular fields. Ingrid Jooren** Sharon Ellis Christopher Davis Rachel Murphy Administrative Coordinator, Young Lives The following academics visited the Salman Younas* Forced Migration Review Assistant, RSC Wolfson College Oxford School of Global and Area Studies Islamic History Research Officer, CSIA department in 2018/19: Marina Kujic Maya Evans* Ray Fitzpatrick Emma Plugge Administrative Secretary Claura Santi Amantini, Italy (RSC) Research and Communications Officer, OPHI Nuffield Department of Population Health Nuffield Department of Medicine Dalal Ayham, Jordan (RSC) SUPPORT STAFF Felicity Leary Heidi Fletcher Adam Dalgliesh, New Zealand (RSC) David Gellner David Pratten Centre Manager, RSC Web Manager, OPHI Isabelle Aires Soazic Elise Wang Sonne, Cameroon (RSC) Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology African Studies Centre Project Coordinator, Refugee Economies, Emeline Marcelin* Katherine Ford Mohsen Gul, Pakistan (ODID) Ian Goldin Steve Rayner RSC Administrative Assistant, OPHI Policy Officer, Young Lives Efser Rana Coskun, Turkey (ODID) Jules Gazeaud, France (RSC) Oxford Martin School Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology Jane Ashford Laurence Medley Tamsin Kelk Lukasz Dziedzic, Austria (RSC) HR Assistant Accounts Officer, RSC Roger Goodman Isabel Ruiz Communications and Information Coordinator, RSC Eleonora Milazzo, Italy (RSC) St Antony’s College Harris Manchester College Hazel Ashurst** Rachel Miller** Rebeca Kritsch** Victoria Klinkert, Germany (ODID) Mari Sako Part-time Data Coordinator, Young Lives Graduate Student Coordinator Media and Communications Manager, Young Lives Lea Macias, France (RSC) Sarah Harper Tamara Tubakovic, Australia (RSC) Oxford Institute of Population Ageing Said Business School Dominique Attala Hamayun Minhas Sophie McIntyre** Ruby Elorm Agbenya, Ghana (ODID) Graduate Student Administrator ICT Officer Stanley Ulijaszek Part-time Digital Communications Assistant, Young Jon Echevarria, Spain (RSC) Pegram Harrison Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology Eliya Beachy Corinne Mitchell Lives Virginia Passalacaqua, Italy (RSC) Said Business School Events and Administrative Assistant, RSC Policy and Research Manager, OPHI Jenny Peebles Debojit Thakur, India (ODID) Mark Harrison Nicholas Van Hear Caroline Wanjiku Kihato (ODID) Forced Migration Review Co-Editor, RSC Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine Centre on Migration, Policy and Society Bianca Blum** Katerina Nordin Victoria Baines, UK (ODID) Project Coordinator, CSIA (maternity cover) Project Coordinator, CSIA Susanna Power Eric Burton, Germany (ODID) Elisabeth Hsu Laurence Whitehead Matthew Brack** Nora Novak Events and International Summer School Yexin Zhou, China (OPHI) Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology Nuffield College Coordinator, RSC Zaijin Wang, China (TMCD) Administrator and Project Coordinator, Postgraduate Course Coordinator, MSc in Global Ngaire Woods Alex Tasker, UK (RSC) Andrew Hurrell OPHI Governance and Diplomacy Maureen Schoenfeld Amanda Alencar, Spain (RSC) Department of Politics and International Relations Blavatnik School of Government Forced Migration Review Promotion & Finance Graham Bray Freya Paulucci Couldrick* Sleiman El Hajj, Lebanon (ODID) Assistant, RSC David Johnson Biao Xiang Head of Administration and Finance Administrator and Events Coordinator, OPHI Maria Santos, Argentina (OPHI) Department of Education Centre on Migration, Policy and Society Sue Chen Penny Rogers Julia Tilford* Julien Wolfersberger, France (ODID) Accounts Assistant Receptionist Communications Manager, Young Lives Heidi Yan Hui, China (TMCD) Akos Kopper, Hungary (ODID) Jayne Whiffin** Humaira Erfan-Ahmed Lindsay Rudge** Sarah von Billerbeck, UK (ODID) Editorial Assistant, Oxford Development Studies Postgraduate Course Coordinator, MSc in Head of Administration Nasir Uddin, Bangladesh (RSC) Migration Studies Emma Rundall Qun Bao, China (TMCD) James Evans* Research and Grants Manager Emilie Mortensen, Denmark (RSC) Apprentice IT Support Assistant Jiewei Li, China (TMCD) Nicola Shepard Sue Garrett** Postgraduate Course Coordinator, MSc in Assistant to the Head of Department Economics for Development Anne-Charlotte Gimenez* Andrea Smith Part-time Programme and Finance Postgraduate Course Coordinator, MSc in Refugee Administrator, Young Lives and Forced Migration Studies Wendy Grist Bryony Varnam ODID Finance Officer Project Administrator, Refugees are Migrants: *Joined during 2018/19 Refugee Mobility, Recognition and Rights, RSC **Left during 2018/19 Greta Semplici, DPhil in International Development Semplici, DPhil in International Greta OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Queen Elizabeth House University of Oxford 3 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TB, UK +44 1865 281800

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Cover photo: Anahitha Sagar, MPhil in Development Studies 2017-19 Above picture: The original architect’s drawing for the house at 3 Mansfield Road. Credit: The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. Ref: GE 17D