OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
ANNUAL REPORT 2018 THE CHALLENGE n Two-thirds of humankind live in developing countries, where most of the world’s worst deprivation is located. Understanding these societies is of central importance to any enquiry into the human condition. n International action to reduce poverty, inequality and vulnerability of people and nations must be based on critical yet rigorous knowledge. n Universities have a special duty to create and share this. WHAT WE CAN CONTRIBUTE n The six postgraduate programmes and five specialised research groups of the Oxford Department of International Development give us unequalled depth of scholarship in key themes of this enquiry. n We specialise in academic research and research training, drawing on a worldwide network of partners. We are not constrained by aid agency agendas, and thus can explore new and old problems from a critical standpoint. n Oxford’s engagement with international development is based on the quality of our scholarly research and postgraduate research training, which in turn influences both the global epistemic community and contested policy agendas. n Our interdisciplinary approach has strong roots in Oxford faculties (economics, politics and international relations, anthropology, population health, sociology, history, law, geography, management and area studies) and multidisciplinary graduate colleges. OUR OBJECTIVES n Influencing the theory, analysis and practice of development worldwide to the benefit of disadvantaged people and countries; supporting international networks and local institutions involved in this endeavour. n Worldwide attraction of the best postgraduate students; recruitment of outstanding scholars to faculty; adding to our network of leading development research institutions; bringing key visitors to Oxford. n Endowment of scholarships, with a particular focus on enabling students from countries in the global South to read for our degrees. RESEARCH 1
CONTENTS
FROM THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT 3 STUDY 4 RESEARCH 10 IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 18 EVENTS 24 PUBLICATIONS 30 PEOPLE 38 Ashleigh O’Connor-Hanlon, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Ashleigh Studies MPhil in Development O’Connor-Hanlon, 2 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Frances Cossar, DPhil in International Development DPhil in International Cossar, Frances 3
FROM THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
WELCOME TO THE 2018 we face, not least in terms of Brexit and ODID REPORT the rapidly changing research funding environment, are unlikely to diminish any Welcome to our 2018 Annual Report, time soon and we will need to work hard which I hope gives a flavour of the life to continue to attract the best and the of ODID over the last year. For me, the brightest faculty, staff and students to the task of compiling the report has only department, and to support them with served to reinforce my own sense of the research funding. The evidence from this fantastic energy and engagement that report, however, suggests we are very much gives this department its unique identity. up to the task. Whether it is in discussing research ideas But to these factors must be added a more with colleagues, reviewing plans and parochial concern. In the course of the funding proposals, writing references for last year we learned that that our home in promotions and appointments, discussing Mansfield Road is to be sold and that we teaching and graduate admissions, or would once again be on the move! Although simply signing-off on fascinating fieldwork we have secured a grace period of ten years, and travel plans, I am daily reminded of the process of identifying and securing a the creativity and commitment of our new home for the department is a daunting staff and students, and of the breadth one, especially at a time when it appears of engagement with the global academic the whole of Oxford is on the move. It is community, with policy makers, and with something that will undoubtedly occupy civil society across the world. much time and energy, not least because our Much of this activity is visible in the present physical location is so intimately entwined – and is reflected in this report – but much with our intellectual identity as a community. remains behind the scenes, in the research I may be in a position to report more in a work-in-progress that is yet to emerge year’s time! and in our continued investment in our Finally, the rhythm of all academic academic disciplines and in our community. departments inevitably involves the My colleagues take on leadership roles in graduation of cohorts of students, the the academy in the UK and internationally, departure of old friends and colleagues and they engage with the Research Councils the arrival of the new. To our students we and public policy communities, they edit wish them well in making our world a better journals, serve on advisory councils, support place; to our colleagues that are leaving, University governance in Oxford and we extend our warmest wishes for their beyond and commit time and effort to future careers; and to our new arrivals we ensure that academia remains an exciting, welcome them to our community. rewarding and progressive environment in which to work and study. Let me close by thanking all my colleagues in the department for their support over As I mentioned in my letter last year, the past year and in particular to Jo Boyce however, this is not easy. Although we are for her fantastic work in compiling this in an era that is tremendously exciting – as Annual Report. technology, events, and new ideas in the social sciences reshape our disciplines – it Professor Christopher Adam is also a challenging one. The headwinds 31 July 2018 4 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
283 STUDY students
6 degree courses
Students from 55 countries
86% students
from outside 2016-18 Studies MPhil in Development Walnicki, Deborah the UK
The department offers a doctoral International Development, on other programme, a two-year MPhil course, doctoral programmes in Oxford, and and four nine-month MSc courses to elsewhere in the world. around 280 students. Our degrees are also closely tied into Students on our courses benefit from our research activity, which means 57% small class sizes, personal supervision that our teaching programmes are female by world-class academics, and a informed by our research findings, vibrant and diverse community of while student work can contribute to students peers. Our degrees offer flexibility our research programmes. in learning, with a range of optional Graduates of the department courses to enable students to match pursue a wide range of careers their study to their interests. With after completing their studies top-quality training in research – in international organisations, methods and the opportunity to government agencies, the private develop research ideas through a sector, international NGOs, and 34% dissertation or extended essay, our social enterprises, or as academics in master’s courses provide a solid basis universities and research institutions students for outstanding students to proceed across the world. Many pursue funded to doctoral study, on our own DPhil in further study. STUDY 5
OUR COURSES
DPHIL IN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
The DPhil in International Development data and case-study material, fieldwork provides an opportunity for outstanding support, and specialist supervision. students to pursue in-depth research We support our students in a variety into processes of social, political, and of ways: through funding to meet their economic development and change in needs at various stages of their research; the global South. via a dedicated study area, the Loft, Our DPhil students are able to draw on which provides a friendly and welcoming the expertise of scholars in a wide variety space for peer support and networking;
of disciplines and a range of regional and by providing dedicated guidance Development DPhil in International Cossar, Frances specialisms, with notable strengths from the Director of Doctoral Research, in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Our who is available for student assistance research groups also offer a rich source of and consultation.
The following DPhil students completed* their doctoral work in 2017/18: Asha Amirali Sam Galler David Passarelli St Catherine’s Magdalen St Antony’s Market power: traders, farmers, Meeting in the middle: a multi-level The schooling of irregular migrant and the politics of accumulation analysis of Chinese HIV civil organisations children in Canada: justifications in Pakistani Punjab Dan Hodgkinson for inclusion and exclusion Jasper Barth St Antony’s Shannon Philip Wolfson Marked out: an oral history Lady Margaret Hall The PAP-state: housing, health, of Zimbabwean student A city of men? An ethnographic and resilient authoritarianism activism, 1954–2016 enquiry into cultures of youth Jennifer Cassidy Muhammad Jan masculinities in urban India Lincoln Wolfson Paula Roque Digital diplomatic crisis communication: Rural commercial capital: accumulation, St Antony’s
Deborah Walnicki, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies MPhil in Development Walnicki, Deborah diplomatic signalling and crisis narratives class, and power in Pakistani Punjab The rebel governance of the SPLMA and in an age of real-time governance Cintia Kulzer Sacilotto UNITA. A comparative study on parallel Simukai Chigudu St Antony’s states in Angola and South Sudan St Anne’s Industrial cluster relocation: Andrea Ruediger ‘State of emergency’: the politics of cluster formation, development, Somerville Zimbabwe’s cholera outbreak, 2008/09 and technological change in Seed security, agrobiodiversity, and Jieun Choi the destination region production risk in smallholder agriculture St Antony’s Christopher Lilyblad in eastern Ethiopia. Three essays. Essays on the determinants of Merton James Simpson firm productivity and openness, The constitution of illicit orders: local Wolfson evidence from Tunisia reconfigurations of territory, authority, Monitoring Marange: human-rights Carmen Contreras Romero and institutions in global society surveillance, the Kimberley Process, Wolfson Edo Mahendra and Zimbabwe’s blood diamonds Social networks, collaborations, Wolfson Matthew Willner-Reid and high-tech cluster formation Determinants of migration: the St Antony’s in an emerging country: the case role of social and trade policies Mercenaries, missionaries, and misfits: of biotechnology in Chile Giovanni Pasquali competition in the ‘aid marketplace’ Arndt Emmerich Wolfson in Afghanistan. A case of UNHCR St Antony’s When value chains go south: (2001–2015)
34% Late bloomer’s politics: the rise of governance and upgrading of students Muslim citizenship politics and the the Kenyan leather sector funded case of the popular front of India *given leave to supplicate 6 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
ALUMNUS PROFILE MPHIL IN DEVELOPMENT Hannes Einsporn STUDIES Programme Officer for Iraq, CARE The two-year MPhil in MSc in Refugee and Forced Migration Development Studies provides a Studies 2015-16 rigorous and critical introduction Following my studies at Oxford, I is something I am very passionate to development as a process of started working for CARE as a about. This is also why from this managed and unmanaged change Programme Officer for Iraq, after I had November onwards I will be working as in societies in the global South. completed short assignments with a Programme Officer with the United Students study theoretical the Danish Refugee Council in Mali Nations High Commissioner for Refugees contributions to the field of and the Gesellschaft für Internationale in Tehran to support its efforts to find development and major themes Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) in Germany. solutions for Afghan refugees in Iran who and scholars in the field; they have been living there for decades. While based in Germany, my current study research methods; they position with CARE involves a lot of I look back very fondly on my year in follow foundation courses in travel to support the operation in Iraq Oxford. A year that was densely rich in Economics; History and Politics; and Social Anthropology; and – sometimes for multiple months at a academic learning but also incredibly they choose from a wide range of time. I devise, amongst other things, rich in inputs from practitioners and optional courses. projects and programmes to support scholars alike, on which I still draw in internally displaced people returning to my work. Being able to learn from such The capstone is a 30,000-word areas recaptured from the so-called dedicated and passionate scholars thesis, for which students usually Islamic State, such as Mosul; work at the Refugee Studies Centre is conduct fieldwork during the something I am particularly grateful that is oftentimes very challenging summer between their first and for. I am also immensely grateful for as it requires you to adjust or adapt, second years. the Linacre College community, which given the intricacies of a society that not only provided me with a nurturing 2017/18 Course Director: has struggled with decades of violent and supportive environment during Dr Cheryl Doss conflict and is still deeply affected by it. my time in Oxford, but also generously Working on solutions for people who are supported my studies through the forced to flee, and supporting people Ronald & Jane Olson Scholarship in in conflict and crises more generally, Refugee Studies. Siyao Mao, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies MPhil in Development Mao, Siyao STUDY 7
Our first-year MPhil students conducted fieldwork in 33 countries over the summer Bangladesh Perceptions of social mobility and inequality in the labour market in Bangladesh Brazil Social policy and citizenship: how has the implementation of the ‘Bolsa Familia’ programme reshaped citizens’ relationships with the state in Brazil? Canada ‘Eat less fish’: hydropower and the developmental state in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada China Malawi Singapore & Rwanda How have policies of civil– Understanding child marriages Exporting urban expertise: military integration affected in a changing environment Singaporean development technological innovation in the The scalability of local knowledge into knowledge and capital in Africa People’s Republic of China? social innovation, and its implications South Africa How do HIV-positive people in China for climate-change mitigation Start-up culture in Johannesburg, understand, experience, and interact and adaptation in Malawi South Africa with the state’s HIV/AIDS treatment Mexico Tendencies to tend: how do gender roles and healthcare services/system? The thin line between social within the household affect job-search Colombia action and legal constraint: NGOs’ behaviours and outcomes among the Towards inclusive urban development: strategies to promote sexual and job-seeking youth in South Africa? a case study of Medellin, Colombia reproductive health in Mexico The function of compulsory community service as an institutional response to the Cuba Mozambique The politics of natural gas in Mozambique medical and health disparities established What effects have Cuba’s housing in South Africa during Apartheid policies since the ‘Special Period’ Mozambique & Germany had on slum residents’ experience Imagining modernity in post- Switzerland & Belgium of poverty in Habana Vieja? socialist Mozambique – the The establishment of safety legacy of the ‘Magermanes’ zones for refugees and the Ethiopia principle of non-refoulement Differences between the poor in theory Namibia and poverty as local lived experiences Urban land titling in Namibia Timor Leste & Australia in small urban(ising) centres Challenging power asymmetry Nigeria in maritime border disputes Honduras The making and breaking of a state: How and why do the supporters of two Nigeria’s National Health Insurance Scheme Turkey divergent Garifuna advocacy organisations and the promise of universal health care Irregular migration and the conceptualise ‘place’ differently and micropolitics of resistance Pakistan thereby imagine different futures? Social transformation and the The dual modality of microcredit: a India Southeastern Anatolia Project study of an Islamic microfinance Women and the contemporary institution in Pakistan Headscarf politics in Turkey: veiled Naxal movement women in a modern age PDS to DBT: what it means for Philippines Uganda the people of Jharkand The impact of digital technologies on creative value chains in the Disability and poverty in Uganda Gentrification in Delhi Philippine motion-picture industry Land dispossessions and peasant Indonesia resistance in Mubende District, Uganda Negotiating integration: a case study Puerto Rico Education as a tool for empowerment of Rohingya refugees in Indonesia Speculative architectures of the home/ lifecycles of reconstruction: socially in Uganda Kenya responsible (impact) investment in USA What are the gendered dimensions of the reconstruction of the home in The citizen and the state: discussions responses to climate change in rural Kenya, Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria of citizenship in a global setting and how do they affect women’s agency? Senegal Zimbabwe Lebanon Seed laws in Senegal: Political youth protests in the wake of Framing and addressing vulnerability: an anti-politics machine? ‘truth and reconciliation’ in Matabeleland UNHCR and Syrian refugees in Lebanon 8 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
MSC IN GLOBAL GOVERNANCE Congratulations to the following MSC IN ECONOMICS AND DIPLOMACY students who won prizes for their FOR DEVELOPMENT performance on our master’s This degree course is designed to provide courses in 2017/18: This degree in development high-quality graduate teaching on the MPhil in Development Studies economics has a strong emphasis institutions and processes of global on bringing methods of modern governance and diplomacy. It teaches • Eugene Havas Memorial Prize economic analysis to economic students about the sources, mechanisms, for Best Overall Performance development theory and policy. processes, and practices of global Sigfried RJ Eisenmeier (Somerville) governance at the subnational, national, The course seeks to cultivate • Papiya Ghosh Thesis Prize international, and transnational levels, the analytical and critical skills Rocco Zizzamia (St Anne’s) focusing on issues such as globalisation, relevant to economic development, regional integration, international MSc in Economics for in particular those needed to organisation, and multilateralism. Development assess alternative approaches to policy. Structured around core Students also learn about the institutions • George Webb Medley Prize courses in economic theory and and processes of international diplomacy, for Best Overall Performance econometrics and a 10,000-word including diplomatic practice, international Thomas Williamson (Oriel) negotiation, conflict mediation, and public extended essay, the programme • George Webb Medley Prize diplomacy, as well as the conduct of exposes students to key issues (proxime accessit) diplomacy in international and regional in and analytical approaches Anan (Emily) Chai (Lincoln) to contemporary economic bodies. Underpinning the programme development. are courses in research methods and a • Luca D’Agliano Prize 12,000-word dissertation. for Best Dissertation 2017/18 Course Director Pieter Sayer (Pembroke) Professor Douglas Gollin 2017/18 Course Director Dr Corneliu Bjola • Arthur Lewis Prize for the Best Examination Essays in Development Economics MSC IN REFUGEE AND Adam Salisbury (Balliol) FORCED MIGRATION MSC IN MIGRATION MSc in Global Governance STUDIES STUDIES and Diplomacy
This degree course offers an This degree, taught jointly with the • Outstanding Academic intellectually demanding, interdisciplinary School of Anthropology and Museum Achievement Prize route to understanding forced migration Ethnography (SAME), provides a Saul Musker (Lincoln) in contexts of conflict, repression, natural broad, theoretical understanding • Best Dissertation Prize disasters, environmental change, and of human mobility and the role shared between: development policy making. of both internal and international Jennifer Müller-Borchert (St Cross) migration in the wider processes of The course aims to offer students an Mark Gilks (St Cross) development, social change, and understanding of the complex and varied globalisation. It offers an overview MSc in Migration Studies nature of forced migration and refugee of the major debates and literature populations; of their centrality to global, • Examiners’ Prize on contemporary migration from regional, and national processes of Alice Watson (St Edmund Hall) different disciplinary perspectives. political, social, and economic change; and • Best Dissertation of the needs and aspirations of forcibly Students take three core courses: Robert Hallam Tuck (St Antony’s) displaced people themselves. Students on the politics of movement: MSc in Refugee and Forced take courses in the anthropology international migration in the social Migration Studies and politics of forced migration, in sciences; migration, globalisation, and international human-rights and refugee social transformation; and methods • Best Thesis law, and in the political philosophy of in social research. These core courses shared between: movement. This core is complemented are complemented by a range of Caitlin Morley (Kellogg) by training in research methods, a wide optional courses, discussion groups, Sarah Dobbie (Linacre) range of optional courses, and a 15,000- and a 15,000-word dissertation. • Examiners’ Prize word dissertation. 2017/18 Course Director Margaret Neil (Lady Margaret Hall) 2017/18 Course Director Professor Biao Xiang (SAME) Dr Tom Scott-Smith STUDY 9
PRIZES AND AWARDS
Students Gideon Laux and Hannah Markay were both highly commended in this year’s Vice-Chancellor’s Social Impact Awards. The awards are presented every year to current students who show exceptional achievement and commitment to positive social change. The judges commended Gideon (second from right), who studied for the MSc in Economics for Development, for showing a long-term commitment to furthering social enterprises, in particular through his work with Empower Energy (see below). Hannah Markay (second from left), who studied for the MSc in Refugee and Forced Migration Studies, was commended for founding a popular Dementia Music project with the Oxford Hub, and has also co-founded a project called STREET in Edinburgh, which worked with the local Syrian community to design activities for teenagers.
Empower Energy, a team featuring five Oxford students, including two from ODID, won the €10,000 grand prize at the 2018 Morpheus Cup European Geneva Institute Graduate Universities & Graduate Schools DPhil student Sarah Rosenberg-Jansen A team of master’s course students, Championship for their proposal to provide won the 2017 Frederick Soddy award including three ODID MPhil students, ‘solar ATMs’ in India. to fund fieldwork in Kenya and Rwanda, Fuaad Coovadia, Sakhe Mkosi, and Empower aims to provide access to clean, investigating how renewable energy Keitumetse-Kabelo Murray, won the 2017 safe, and trustworthy solar electricity to such as solar and wind is used by refugee Geneva Challenge for their proposal for a the 240 million people in India who are not communities and agencies. skills-centred mobile learning application reached by the power grid and are unable The award, which supports ‘the study intended to address key issues in the South to afford alternative solutions, such as solar of the social, economic, and cultural African labour market. home systems, due to their high upfront life of a region’ anywhere in the The app, Umvuzo, links jobseekers with cost and requirement for regular payments. world, is administered by the Royal employers, enabling jobseekers to upskill The team comprises Gideon Laux, who Geographical Society. themselves through training modules delivered in a gamified process, and enabling is studying for the MSc in Economics Understanding renewable-energy employers to access the job characteristics for Development at ODID; Vabyanti geographies is vital to inform of the app users in order to make better Endrojono-Ellis, who is in the second year humanitarian policies and practices on judgements about whom to employ. of the MPhil in Development Studies; energy-access activities and to work Ronit Kanwar, who is studying for a BA in with communities to enable them to The challenge invites teams of graduate Economics & Management; James Dickson, articulate their needs. Sarah’s research students from around the world to devise an MBA student; and Alistair Berven, who aims to understand the geographic and innovative and pragmatic solutions to key is studying for the MSc in Environmental political nature of these problems: how international issues. The 2017 edition of Change & Management. is sustainable energy used in refugee the challenge explored how challenges Empower also won the regional finals of settings, and what are the factors that posed by employment can be tackled to the Hult Prize in March. influence energy use in communities? foster social and economic development. 10 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017
No1 RESEARCH ranking in 2014 REF
40% of research rated 4* in REF
£5m in research income
60 / James Duong Lives © Young academic We undertake a broad and textured Refugee Studies Centre (RSC); Young and research programme of research which defines a Lives; the Oxford Poverty and Human wide range of entry points into issues of Development Initiative (OPHI); and the staff international development and employs a Technology and Management Centre for range of methodological approaches. We Development (TMCD). aim to influence the theory, analysis, and In collaboration with the Department practice of development worldwide to of Economics and the Blavatnik School the benefit of disadvantaged people and of Government, ODID also anchors the countries, and to support international Oxford element of the International 5 networks and local institutions involved in Growth Centre (IGC), established by this endeavour. research the UK Department for International Our research clusters around four cross- Development (DFID) in 2008. We also groups cutting themes: Economic Development host a major five-year project funded by and International Institutions; Migration the European Research Council: Changing and Refugees in a Global Context; Structures of Islamic Authority. Human Development, Poverty, and The International Migration Institute (IMI), Children; and Political Change, Conflict, which was founded at ODID and based and the Environment. here between 2006 and 2017, Around half of our academics and has now been relaunched as an 4 research staff are also associated international network, IMIn, of which cross-cutting with research groups that are at the ODID remains an important member. forefront of their specialist fields: the Find it at www.imi-n.org. themes RESEARCH 11
OUR RESEARCH GROUPS AND MAJOR PROJECTS
International Growth Centre Young Lives The Technology and Established in 2009, the IGC is an Young Lives is a pioneering Management Centre for economics research network, funded multidisciplinary research programme Development by DFID and run jointly by the LSE investigating the lives of children TMCD, which builds on the legacy and the University of Oxford. The and young people in four developing of the pioneering work of former IGC has a research network of nearly countries. At its heart is an innovative ODID economist Sanjaya Lall, is a 1,800 world-class economists and longitudinal study tracking the centre for interdisciplinary research 14 country offices around the world, development of 12,000 children in into the applications of technology providing policy-focused economics Ethiopia, India (Andhra Pradesh and and management innovation in research on issues of state Telangana), Peru, and Vietnam through the developing world. TMCD effectiveness; agriculture, firms, quantitative and qualitative research. research spans issues in industrial and employment; urbanisation; and Launched in 2002, Young Lives has policy; innovations, technological energy production and demand. Four generated unmatched insights into capabilities, and competitiveness; senior ODID staff have management the lives of two cohorts of children in technology diffusion; and finance, roles in the IGC, guiding the centre’s their early years, through adolescence, corporate governance, and public country programmes in Ethiopia and on to higher education and the management capabilities in and Tanzania and its cross-cutting labour market. Young Lives data are developing countries. research programme on firms and supporting path-breaking research www.oxfordtmcd.org entrepreneurship. into the dynamics of childhood www.theigc.org poverty in the four countries and providing the evidence base for informed policy making. The Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative Changing Structures of Islamic www.younglives.org.uk OPHI is a research group dedicated Authority to developing systematic Changing Structures of Islamic approaches to measuring The Refugee Studies Centre Authority and Consequences for Social ‘multidimensional’ deprivation Change: A Transnational Review (CSIA) The RSC, founded in 1982, is a and well-being, and using is a five-year research project funded © Young Lives / James Duong Lives © Young world-leading research centre these to develop more granular by the European Research Council. providing multidisciplinary, monitoring of poverty than is It brings together Islamic textual independent, and critical social present in traditional income- or scholars, ethnographers, and survey science scholarship on factors consumption-based measures. specialists to map the competing determining and resulting from the Founded in 2007, OPHI’s work is theological positions of today’s leading forced displacement of populations. now deeply embedded in that of Islamic authorities, to examine their The RSC provides the anchor for the UN and has been adopted by real-life consequences, and to explore the MSc in Refugee and Forced a large and increasing number of why young Muslims follow one Migration Studies. countries around the world. authority rather than another. www.rsc.ox.ac.uk www.ophi.org.uk www.csia-oxford.org © Young Lives / James Duong Lives © Young 12 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
NEW AWARDS
ODID was successful in attracting a number of major new research awards in 2017/18.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY- A COMPARATIVE STUDY REFUGEES, SOCIAL BASED NEW BUSINESS ON CHILD MARRIAGE AND PROTECTION, AND DIGITAL MODEL FOR INCLUSIVE PARENTHOOD TECHNOLOGIES IN TIMES OF DEVELOPMENT THE ‘REFUGEE CRISIS’ Gina Crivello, Senior Research Officer at Xiaolan Fu, Professor of Technology Young Lives, won funding from Canada’s Marie Godin, Research Officer on the and International Development, International Development Research Mobile Welfare project, won a British with Professor Pervez Ghauri of the Centre for a ‘Comparative Study on Child Academy Early Career Fellowship to University of Birmingham, won funding Marriage and Parenthood’. research ‘Refugees, Social Protection from the ESRC’s Global Challenges The research will deepen understanding and Digital Technologies in Times of the Research Fund for a project entitled of the experiences of children who marry “Refugee Crisis”’. ‘Digital Technology-based New business and become parents; the predictors of The so-called ‘European refugee crisis’ Model for Inclusive Development’. and motivations for child marriage and that has unfolded over the last few The project will research a new business parenthood; and the wider implications years has generated a dynamic response model which seeks to enable the poorest for sexual and reproductive health, and from a novel and diverse constellation people in developing countries to for breaking intergenerational cycles of of social actors in the European generate income and empower others by poverty and gender inequality. context: humanitarian organisations, sharing their skills and experience using The study contributes country case local authorities, international and local digital technology. studies from Ethiopia, India, Peru, NGOs, private actors, and grassroots The IDMODEL will be unlike traditional and Zambia which will illuminate the actors, including citizens and refugees e-commerce operations such as eBay or specific experiences, impacts, and themselves. However, refugees are still Alibaba in that it will be content-based policy environments in these very studied, overwhelmingly, as recipients of rather than product-based and will require different settings. aid in the design of state welfare policies. minimum capital investment; users will It builds on Young Lives work, including In this regard the development of digital need only a mobile phone. sub-studies funded by the Hewlett technologies has played a significant The project will develop, test, and Foundation in Ethiopia and by the role in providing new opportunities for finalise the model and explore what Children’s Investment Fund in India to refugees while on the move but also on impact it has on jobs, income creation, investigate the social and economic arrival in Western societies, especially in and building capabilities for poorer and determinants of child marriage, and on regard to fulfilling their social protection neglected segments of societies. It will previous research conducted by Child needs. This project aims to answer examine what institutional and regulatory Frontiers in multiple African countries, this research question: How is the conditions the model needs in order to including Zambia. development of tech-social protection succeed, and how it can be scaled up and initiatives led by, with, or for refugees The four country cases will extend this contributing to a reshaping of the politics potentially replicated in other developing work and form the basis of a comparative countries. It will also ask what role the of welfare at the local, national, and analysis to identify patterns of similarity transnational levels? state, multinational enterprises, and civil and difference and cross-cutting society might play in the process. messages of global relevance. The project will be supported by multidisciplinary teams in Oxford and Birmingham, with collaborators in Bangladesh and China. RESEARCH 13 Greta Semplici, DPhil in International Development Semplici, DPhil in International Greta
IKEA FOUNDATION in Uganda, Kenya, and Ethiopia, the Africa, create more jobs for its young FUNDING FOR RESEARCH insights from which will be used to population, and improve social services inform humanitarian policy and practice and infrastructure. ON ECONOMIC LIVES OF to benefit refugees in the long term. The REFUGEES main focus of the research is to build an The Oxford Martin Programme on unprecedented panel data set on the African Governance is jointly directed by The Refugee Studies Centre (RSC) economic lives and impacts of refugees Professor Stefan Dercon of the Blavatnik reached a three-year agreement with and hosts in these three countries across School of Government and the Economics the IKEA Foundation, totalling £1.3 a three-year period. Department and Dr Ricardo Soares de million, to cover funding in three areas: a Oliveira of the Department of Politics and three-year Research Fellowship at Lady The bursaries for the RSC’s International International Relations. Margaret Hall, integrated into activities Summer School in Forced Migration will at the RSC; research at the RSC on facilitate the participation of greater Six ODID academics will conduct research the economic lives and contributions numbers of low-income participants as part of the programme: Professor of refugees in three countries; and from the global South, and will thus build Christopher Adam, Professor Jo Boyden, RSC Summer School bursaries for capacity within the humanitarian sector. Dr Cheryl Doss, Dr Marta Favara, Professor participants from the global South. Douglas Gollin, and Dr Oliver Owen.
The new Research Fellow is Dr Kathrin OXFORD MARTIN The programme aims to discover what is Bachleitner, a political scientist who has holding back job creation and economic worked previously in the Middle East PROGRAMME ON AFRICAN GOVERNANCE transformation, and the delivery of good- with Palestinian refugees. She intends to quality social services and infrastructure in embark on research into how historical ODID academics are participating Africa. It seeks to understand how better memory has shaped European states’ in a newly funded Oxford Martin economic, social, and political governance policies towards Syrian refugees. School research programme which will may unlock this, and it will focus on The funding agreement will also support investigate how better governance specific cases and countries with lessons the RSC’s Refugee Economies research can foster more inclusive growth in for the rest of the continent. 14 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF HOSTING REFUGEES IN UNDERSTANDING EAST AFRICA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ETHIOPIA, INDUSTRIAL PARKS KENYA, AND UGANDA
Alexander Betts, Professor of understand their relative degree Stefano Caria, Departmental Lecturer Forced Migration and International of willingness to allow refugees in Development Economics, won funding Affairs, won a British Academy opportunities for socio-economic from the UK Department for International mid-career fellowship to conduct a participation. In order to do so, the Development (DFID) as part of the IGC study entitled ‘The Political Economy research comparatively explores for a project entitled ‘Understanding of Hosting Refugees in East Africa: three sets of questions: (1) Industrial Parks’. variation in economic outcomes for A Comparative Analysis of Ethiopia, Ethiopia has recently launched an refugees; (2) variation in economic Kenya, and Uganda’. ambitious programme of industrialisation. impacts on host communities; and This fast-growing, densely populated Due to their proximity to conflict, (3) variation in political willingness country hopes to attract foreign three East African countries – Ethiopia, to support economic inclusion by Kenya, and Uganda – all feature in the investment in its brand-new industrial host governments. parks by offering a large workforce, top ten refugee-hosting countries competitive wages, cheap electricity, around the world. Yet each one The 12-month programme combines analysis of an existing original and good infrastructure. adopts very different policies towards quantitative data set on the economic the socio-economic integration of Several garment factories have already lives of refugees in the three countries refugees, varying on a spectrum. started production in the industrial park with supplementary qualitative of Hawassa, in the south of the country. In order for refugee hosting to research on national and local host- However, despite the initial enthusiasm, be sustainable, we need to better country politics. many companies that operate in the park have not yet reached the productivity levels that would make their investment sustainable. The project is designing and evaluating interventions aimed at boosting worker productivity in the industrial park of Hawassa. Labour turnover problems are common in low-skilled occupations, but understanding of what firms can do to retain workers and improve their morale and productivity is limited. This evidence will inform industrial policy in Ethiopia and in other countries that are currently looking to emulate Ethiopia’s experiment with industrialisation and findings will also be disseminated to private investors in the industrial park. © Young Lives / James Duong Lives © Young RESEARCH 15
FEATURED RESEARCH
UNDERSTANDING MUSLIM STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TO RELIGION
ODID researchers launched a major new The online survey is being conducted with ‘The results will help us develop a more survey which seeks to reveal the most the help of Islamic Student Societies in nuanced understanding of young Muslims’ important sources of religious influence British universities and their counterparts engagement with their faith and also over Muslim university students in the in the USA, Muslim Student Associations, help policy makers make more informed UK and USA, and where they turn to for which will be asked to circulate the survey decisions,’ Professor Bano said. to members. religious guidance. The survey also seeks to explore The Muslim Youth and Islamic Existing research on young Muslims in the possible links between students’ Knowledge survey is being conducted West has focused on understanding their socio-economic backgrounds and their across 75 universities in the two religion using indicators such as religious conception of Islam. attendance or religious adherence – for countries, aiming to contribute to a The survey covers the Ivy League stronger evidence base for policy. example, fasting during Ramadan, or attendance at daily prayer. The new universities in the US and their UK ‘There are many assumptions about high survey focuses on providing Muslim counterparts, such as Oxford and levels of religiosity among Muslim youth youth with their own voice in explaining Cambridge, as well as including in the West, but we have no reliable data how they make sense of their religion. institutions in the middle and lower tiers in to support such claims’, said Professor the academic ranking in the two countries. Survey questions seek to elicit Masooda Bano, who is leading the project. information about whom young Muslims ‘Selecting universities from across the ‘Further, high religiosity is often turn to when they have questions related three tiers is meant to capture variation in equated with radicalisation or support to Islam or everyday practices; how the socio-economic profile of university- for Islamic militancy. In reality, Islam is they choose between competing Islamic going Muslim youth, as often better a very pluralistic intellectual tradition, scholars; which mosques they go to socio-economic background and access and high religiosity can find expression and why; how much time they spend in to leading universities have a strong in many different ways. This survey is these mosques; and how they educate correlation’, Professor Bano said. one of the first attempts to understand themselves about their religion. Professor Bano is conducting the survey how young British and American The survey also asks a series of detailed with Research Officers Arndt Emmerich Muslims approach their religion, which questions about their attitudes to Sharia and Patrick Thewlis as part of the Islamic scholarly platforms are most law, the interpretation of Quranic texts, Changing Structures of Islamic Authority popular among them, and why.’ Western culture, and the appeal of Islam. project. Results will be available shortly. 16 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Refugee Studies Centre Studies Refugee
AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO REFUGEE SETTLEMENT?
The Refugee Studies Centre has published The settlement’s physical planning and It is too early to make definitive a new report which compares outcomes design cater for subsistence agriculture judgements about the impact of self- for refugees in two settlements in Kenya and establish designated business areas. reliance programmes. However, the which broadly follow two different Other innovative interventions have baseline data reveal that refugees in approaches to assistance: a ‘self-reliance included cash-based food assistance both Kalobeyei and Kakuma are currently model’ and an ‘aid model’. called Bamba Chakula (‘get your food’ in far from being self-reliant. Significant constraints remain in creating functioning The report is the first output of a Swahili) and, more recently, the world’s labour markets, access to finance, three-year research project being first ‘cash for shelter’ project, giving functional infrastructure, and freedom conducted in collaboration with the money to enable refugees to be involved of movement, for example. Ultimately, World Food Programme. in the design and construction of shelter. creating self-reliance will rely upon major Kalobeyei, which hosts nearly 40,000 The data in the report are organised investment in the entire economy of refugees, is a newly designed refugee around measures relating to five sets Turkana County. settlement, a short distance from the of indicators of self-reliance outcomes: The report offers specific policy Kakuma refugee camps in Turkana sustainable well-being, economic activities, recommendations for improving self- County, Kenya. It is pioneering in access to public goods, access to markets, reliance in Kalobeyei: exploring the allowing refugees and host-community and access to networks. feasibility of large-scale agriculture; members to interact and live alongside Recent arrivals in Kalobeyei already have examining the viability of a livestock one another, while promoting a self- incomes almost twice as high as those of market; improving transportation reliance model of assistance. new arrivals in Kakuma, and their levels between Kakuma and Kalobeyei; enhancing The RSC research is following newly of food security are also higher. These access to savings and credit for refugees arrived refugees (post-2015) from South outcomes are at least partly attributable and citizens; creating more direct dialogue Sudan in both Kalobeyei and Kakuma, to the cash-assistance and agricultural between international agencies and the as well as recent arrivals from Burundi programmes. However, during the same local Turkana population; considering and Ethiopia in Kalobeyei. It is based on period there were ration cuts in Kakuma; options for more predictable electricity a representative sample of more than these outcomes will therefore need supply; adopting a gendered approach to 2,500 refugees, who will be followed over verification with follow-up studies. In self-reliance; and assessing the relative three waves of data collection, in order some respects, however, newly arrived strength of Bamba Chakula compared to assess the trajectory of the Kalobeyei refugees do better in Kakuma: notably with unrestricted cash assistance. model compared with that of Kakuma, in relation to community participation Alexander Betts, Remco Geervliet, which is closer to an ‘aid model’. and asset accumulation. These Claire MacPherson, Naohiko Omata, and The findings from their baseline research differences appear to be due to some Olivier Sterck (2018): Self-Reliance in show that, despite the unexpected arrival of the advantages of long-established Kalobeyei? Socio-Economic Outcomes and settlement of large numbers of community structures versus the inherent for Refugees in North-West Kenya, South Sudanese, Kalobeyei has retained challenge of creating ‘community’ within Refugee Studies Centre, University a significant commitment to self-reliance. newly designed settlements. of Oxford. RESEARCH 17
INVESTIGATING SYMBIOSIS IN PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES
Research at the department investigated as ‘peace’ and ‘conflict’, respectively, cited that resistance and political change are the academic field of peace and conflict one another; they found that fewer than inherently violent activities. studies and found that it tended to focus one fifth of all citations, from all articles, ‘Consider the terms “insurgent”, “rebel”, more on the study of violent conflict than linked across the peace/conflict divide. and “radical”. A quick check of the Oxford on peace and peace making, and that They found that studies of violent conflict English Dictionary confirms that there is there was a surprising lack of interaction tended to be particularly insular, in that nothing inherently violent about groups between the two fields. they mainly cited other conflict studies. that can be described in any of the above Associate Professor John Gledhill and Dr Gledhill suggested that the bias ways’, he said. ‘And yet it is fair to say that, Jonathan Bright of the Oxford Internet towards conflict studies and the lack in both academic and non-academic circles, Institute ‘mapped’ published academic of intellectual exchange between the each of these concepts is now typically output on themes of peace and conflict, two fields was problematic and could associated with groups that use violence as employing various methods: a survey of be preventing scholars from collectively a means to their ends. It is hard to get past scholars, coding (manual and automatic) realising the central goal of their discipline: the idea that our collective penchant for of the substance of more than 7,000 to understand the causes of war in order studying violent conflict is contributing to a journal articles, citation analysis, to contribute to an understanding of how discursive and, thus, cognitive link between automatic community detection, and conflict can be managed peacefully. the ideas of resistance and violence.’ network analysis. ‘Studies of violence can only contribute to The research also found a significant Their automatic coding of article content ameliorative goals when they exchange gender bias, with male authors roughly suggested that a clear majority of studies ideas with studies of peace and peace twice as likely to study conflict as to study of ‘peace and conflict’ focused on violent making, and there is only limited evidence peace, and a tendency for scholars in conflict, and that studies of violence and of this at present. In the absence of North America to focus more strongly on war tend to receive around 50 per cent sufficient peace–conflict communication, conflict, as compared with those in Europe. more citations, on average, than studies the study of violence becomes, at best, a John Gledhill and Jonathan Bright (2018) of peace and peace making – while also purely academic pursuit,’ he said. ‘A divided discipline? Mapping peace and dominating the top-ranked journals. He also suggested that the ‘violence bias’ conflict studies’, International Studies They also explored whether articles coded could be inadvertently promoting the idea Perspectives 19 (2): 128–47 eddiedangerous, CC BY 2.0 BY CC eddiedangerous, 18 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT Ashleigh O’Connor-Hanlon, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Ashleigh Studies MPhil in Development O’Connor-Hanlon,
ODID has an exceptionally strong track and IMF, national governments, the organisations, foundations, and civil society. record of outreach, dissemination of NGO sector, and, increasingly, in social Over the medium term, the main research findings outside academia, and enterprise and development consultancy. channels for impact and engagement are policy engagement. On the research side, our scholarly output through specific policy-focused elements A major part of our impact and and our faculty and researchers have of the research agenda and, over the engagement comes about through our impact and influence through a range of longer term, through the deeper impact alumni, who take ODID to the world: channels. The most direct and immediate of our research in shaping ideas and we train a large number of graduates links to impact and engagement come agendas in domestic and international who become influential development through advisory roles, such as serving public-policy arenas. You will find three practitioners in international institutions, on research council panels and advising recent examples of our impact opposite including the UN system, World Bank government departments, international and overleaf. IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 19
INFORMING POLICY ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN ETHIOPIA
Young Lives advised on the roll-out of of small, highly-focused, exploratory of teacher training for diplomas and a new ‘zero grade’ before the start of studies which draw attention to key certificates was too slow to meet the primary school in Ethiopia, providing challenges in delivering national plans for rapidly growing need. As a result, in- evidence on both supply- and demand- good-quality early learning to scale, and service training for pre-school teachers side constraints on good-quality early implementing them in the regions. will form a core part of ELP. childhood development (ECD). The focus on early childhood in Ethiopia Young Lives’ analysis of children’s ages in Exposure to quality early childhood was given additional momentum by O-class was also used by the World Bank education programmes is one of the new initiatives, particularly the World and Ministry of Education, and influenced most effective ways of improving Bank’s Early Learning Partnership their decisions on how the grants made children’s opportunities, both at school (ELP) programme which commenced by the World Bank’s General Education and in later life, but while most children in in August 2016. Young Lives’ research Quality Improvement Program (GEQIP) developing countries now have access to was used to help inform World Bank should apply to O-class. primary schooling, the provision of pre- research priorities. In addition, Young Lives made significant school education lags some way behind. For example, Young Lives’ research found contributions to the Education World Early in the Young Lives study, pre-school that the majority of children using the Forum (EWF) Event in 2016 and attendance was very low in Ethiopia, at new O-Class provision, aimed at 6-year- 2017. In January 2016 Young Lives around 5 per cent, and the emerging olds, were in fact younger than the target was requested to brief the Ethiopian pre-school system was dominated by age. This identified the need for ELP, and Minister of Education, as an input to the private kindergartens for wealthy families the early-learning policy more generally, preparation of his presentation to the in urban areas. The government started to plan beyond O-Class and consider the EWF. At DFID’s request, key Young Lives to consider the delivery of early learning needs of even younger children. staff, including the Country Directors for in 2010, with all schools being asked to Ethiopia and India, provided input into an Young Lives also conducted research in add a zero grade (O-Class) before the ECD meeting at the same event. In 2017 teacher training colleges and identified start of primary school. the Ethiopian Minister of Education again that there was a limited understanding used evidence from Young Lives in his Following initial consultations, the Young of the needs of O-Class teachers, often speech at the EWF. Lives team offered direct input into the a lack of suitable training content or draft section on early learning within approaches, and a failure to adapt the For related impact stories from Young the government’s five-year plan for curriculum to the O-Class model and Lives, please follow the study on Twitter education. They followed this with a series context; and that the pace of roll-out @yloxford #YLLearnings. Ashleigh O’Connor-Hanlon, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Ashleigh Studies MPhil in Development O’Connor-Hanlon, © Young Lives / Antonio Fiorente / Antonio Lives © Young 20 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
ADVISING ON THE USE OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACY
A group of researchers at ODID have drawn on their research to offer advice and guidance to a wide range of diplomats and foreign ministry officials on how to optimise their use of digital diplomacy. The Oxford Digital Diplomacy Research Group, comprising Associate Professor Corneliu Bjola, DPhil Ilan Manor and alumna Dr Jennifer Cassidy, now Lecturer in Politics at St Peter’s College, have been carrying out research into three distinct areas: the use of digital tools to enhance diplomatic activities pertaining to consular affairs, crisis communication and public diplomacy; the impact of the next generation of digital technologies on diplomacy, including virtual and augmented reality, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology; and the impact of algorithms, disinformation and echo chambers on diplomatic activity. The group was also awarded a research of networks in public diplomacy, a media by embassies during a crisis or grant from the Philligence Fund to workshop on Digital Public Diplomacy terrorist attack based on interactions examine ways in which diplomats can at the Hague Digital Diplomacy with the team, and has initiated a pilot use digital tools to stem the tide of Camp convened by the Ministry of study to assess the country’s digital online hate and misleading information. Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands and diplomacy capabilities. The group has Drawing on this work, the researchers a similar one with the Israeli Ministry also contributed to the adoption of the have held a series of events with of Foreign Affairs. VILNIUS CHARTER on Societal Resilience diplomatic practitioners in the UK In the coming months, members of to Disinformation and Propaganda in and abroad over the past two years. the group will also speak at the UN a Challenging Digital Landscape (June These have included the London Digital Commission on the Status of Women in 2018) by communication directors and Diplomacy Lecture Series co-organised New York, invited by Ireland’s Ministry senior communications specialists from with the embassies of Israel, Latvia, for Foreign Affairs and Trade, after their the EU Member States, institutions Slovakia, Canada and the Cypriot election to the Commission last year. and candidate countries. They have High Commission, which aimed to Intertwining the themes of gender also been collaborating in developing bridge knowledge and practice gaps and technology, the talk will speak reports and improving skills on digital between academics and diplomats to the status of women in diplomatic diplomacy and strategic communication working in the UK. The group also practice, and how technology can act for various diplomatic actors and organised two events at the UN as a tool for driving positive change, for institutions, including the German and headquarters in Geneva focusing on achieving gender parity. Belgian Ministries of Foreign Affairs, the use of digital strategies in support the European Institute of Peace, the The researchers have been asked to of foreign policy goals, a workshop Centre for European Perspective, the at the UN headquarters in New York contribute a segment on the use of Diplomatic School of Armenia, the USC examining the use of digital tools for digital diplomacy to a Massive Open Centre on Public Diplomacy and the disseminating strategic narratives, Online Course (MOOC) being created Club of Venice. an Ambassadors’ Forum in Tokyo by the UK’s Foreign and Commonwealth discussing best practices in digital Office. In addition, the Lithuanian Find out more: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/ diplomacy, a workshop at the German Foreign Ministry is developing content/oxford-digital-diplomacy- foreign ministry focused on the use recommendations on the use of social research-group IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 21
IMPROVING THE WORK OF LABOUR COURTS IN MEXICO
Courts function poorly in most low- and The researchers found that the parties up to six months after the information middle-income countries. But ODID reached a settlement in about 6 per was provided. This raised questions about researcher Chris Woodruff is working with cent of the hearings where they did not whether the lawyers had the plaintiff’s colleagues Joyce Sadka and Enrique Seira intervene. Either of the interventions best interest in mind, an issue the team are at ITAM in Mexico to experiment with almost doubled this rate. exploring in ongoing work with the court. ways of improving the functioning of the Parties were also about five times more The research is being used by both the Mexico City Labour Court (MCLC). likely to reach a settlement when the court and lawmakers in Mexico to design The MCLC is one of the largest in the plaintiff herself was present. (In many new rules governing labour litigation. In developing world, with around 25,000 hearings, only the two lawyers are 2017, Mexico passed a constitutional active cases and 5,000 new cases filed present.) It turns out that the researchers’ reform mandating conciliation hearings each year. By law, the court is meant to two interventions were also more prior to the filing of a lawsuit. The research resolve cases within 100 days of filing, effective when the plaintiff was present was the first evidence of the effectiveness but typically takes several years, with at the hearing. Indeed, they found that of these hearings, albeit with cases almost one-third of cases filed in 2012 providing the two lawyers with predictions that had already been filed. In ongoing unresolved after four years. for settlement amounts had no effect work, the team are testing the effect of whatsoever, either on the day or – using arranging hearings before cases are filed, One reason for the long case durations administrative records for the cases – for as the new law mandates. is that parties are over-optimistic about the likelihood they will prevail. When the researchers asked plaintiffs and defendants how likely it was they would win the case, the two probabilities summed to almost 150 per cent. Over the past two years, the team have worked with the MCLC to test innovations to make the court more efficient. The first provided parties to a suit with information on average settlement amounts from previously settled cases with characteristics that matched their own. The researchers tested whether this information helped to overcome bargaining impasses by giving parties a realistic starting point for negotiations. They used machine-learning techniques to develop personalised predictions based on the outcomes of 5,000 cases filed in 2012 and resolved before the end of 2016. They compared the effect of the information on predicted outcomes with two alternatives in a randomised control trial. One alternative was a meeting with the court’s conciliator; each of the MCLC’s 20 subcourts is assigned a conciliator who, if the parties to a case desire, attempts to intermediate a settlement between them. They randomly assigned some hearings to receive encouragement to sit with the conciliator. The second alternative was simply the status quo. That is, some hearings were assigned to proceed exactly as they normally would. 22 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Rocco Zizzamia, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies Zizzamia, MPhil in Development Rocco IMPACT AND ENGAGEMENT 23
IN THE MEDIA
ODID academics are frequently called on by the media for comment and analysis on topical issues, drawing on their specialist knowledge to bring depth and objectivity to current debates. A selection of this year’s coverage is presented below.
6 July 2018 Bjola cited in NBC news article exploring Indian leader Narendra Modi’s ‘Fear versus reality when it comes to 22 February 2018 development model in Gujarat migration’. Interview with Alexander ‘Don’t make African nations borrow 11 December 2017 Betts on CNN’s Amanpour money to support refugees’. Alexander ‘Women are half of society, so focusing 27 June 2018 Betts writes for Foreign Policy on them is critical’. Nikita Sud quoted ‘What Europe could learn from the way 21 February 2018 in Bloomberg article on attempts by Africa treats refugees’. Alexander Betts ‘Understand the lives of youth in low- Indian leader Narendra Modi to target writes for The Guardian income countries’. Young Lives Director women voters 6 June 2018 Jo Boyden co-authors comment piece as 4 December 2017 ‘The idea is to provoke and in so doing part of Nature collection on Adolescence ‘Can the broken Saudi economic model to change the terms of the discussion 20 February 2018 be reformed?’ Adeel Malik writes for in a manner that minimises online ‘A man of the people: Morgan Tsvangirai’. TRT World backlash’. Corneliu Bjola comments in Obituary of Zimbabwe opposition leader 23 November 2017 the Independent on a tweet exchange by Dan Hodgkinson published on Africa is ‘There is huge amount of skill and between the Israeli embassy in the USA a Country talent in the young, particularly in the and Iran’s supreme leader 21 January 2018 diaspora in the region’. Christopher Adam 26 May 2018 ‘In an illiberal world order, we need new interviewed on BBC Radio 4’s Today ‘Modi gets good grades from economists ways to defend human rights’. Alexander programme about Zimbabwe’s economic for four years of reforms’. Nikita Sud Betts writes for The Observer potential post-Mugabe comments on Modi’s performance in 21 January 2018 22 November 2017 Asia Nikkei ‘Punishment won’t stop teenage ‘Zimbabwe’s public health crisis’. Simukai 22 April 2018 pregnancies in Tanzania because “bad Chigudu interviewed on BBC World ‘If the “Sufi saint” supports a particular behaviour” isn’t the cause’. Kate Pincock Service electoral candidate he’s got thousands of writes for The Conversation 5 November 2017 votes in his pocket already’. Adeel Malik 19 December 2017 ‘Digital diplomacy 2.0 pushes the interviewed on BBC Radio 4’s Sunday ‘There are chinks in the armour and the boundary’. Corneliu Bjola writes for programme about elections in Pakistan Congress for the first time is beginning Global Times and the role of ‘pirs’, holy men claiming to see some light through those chinks’. 11 October 2017 descent from Sufi saints Nikita Sud comments on results of ‘India’s top court rules sex with an 20 April 2018 legislative elections in Gujarat for underage wife is rape’. Reuters cites ‘In India the female body is a territorial WION TV Young Lives report analysing census data and political battleground’. Nikita Sud 19 December 2017 on child marriage writes for The Wire on the Kathua rape ‘Reaping the benefits of digital public 7 September 2017 and murder case diplomacy’. Corneliu Bjola and Ilan Manor ‘Surviving without thriving – but all is not 16 April 2018 write for The Jerusalem Post lost for the world’s “stunted” children’. ‘Are rape cases being politicised in India?’ 15 December 2017 Young Lives research on stunting Nikita Sud takes part in Al Jazeera panel The Jordan Compact – ‘an extraordinary featured in The Guardian discussion pilot from which there will be many 5 September 2017 10 April 2018 lessons’. Alexander Betts quoted in The ‘The hazards of giving shelter’. Refuge by ‘Votes for women: the global story’. Guardian about a scheme to facilitate Alexander Betts and Paul Collier reviewed Nikita Sud takes part in ‘The Forum’ on employment of Syrian refugees in Jordan in the Wall Street Journal the BBC World Service 14 December 2017 17 August 2017 9 April 2018 ‘To Mr Modi’s credit he hasn’t destroyed ‘Chinese researchers put value on ideas’. ‘Diplomacy has been “weaponised” with it, but he is not the originator of China Daily highlights research by TMCD memes, trolling, online polls’. Corneliu it’. BBC quotes Nikita Sud in article on valuing new technologies
For a full list of media coverage, including links to online content, please visit: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/media 24 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 EVENTS
ODID hosted and organised dozens of of History, and the Faculty of Oriental course to interact with experienced events over the course of the year. Studies; and the Development Economics professionals and to discuss new series with the Centre for the Study perspectives on current diplomatic Our research groups hold regular of African Economies in the Economics events and global governance challenges. seminar series during Michaelmas and Department. These seminars play a Hilary terms, and the department also ODID also runs a number of regular key role in generating new research hosts three seminar series jointly with lecture series that bring distinguished initiatives, testing preliminary findings, other departments: the African History academics to the department: the Olof and disseminating results. and Politics Seminars with the History Palme, Harrell-Bond, and Elizabeth Faculty, the Department of Politics The MSc in Global Governance and Colson lectures. It also hosts conferences, and International Relations, and the Diplomacy organises a series of lectures workshops, and many other one- African Studies Centre; the Modern bringing diplomatic practitioners and off events. Read about some of the South Asia Seminars, with the School of academic scholars to the department highlights from our 2017/18 events Interdisciplinary Area Studies, the Faculty to enable students and fellows of the calendar opposite and overleaf. EVENTS 25
Conference on ‘Young Lives, Child Poverty and Lessons for the SDGs’ 27 June 2018 British Academy, London More than 100 researchers, policy makers, and practitioners joined the Young Lives team for a conference in London to mark the first 15 years of the study, to share and debate findings so far, and to help outline Annual Elizabeth Colson Lecture: ‘“Let Language Not Betray Us”: what governments and donors can Immigration, Enforcement, and Modern Slavery’ do to address the disadvantages that 6 June 2018 children face. Professor Bridget Anderson, University of Bristol The conference consisted of a ODID, Oxford core of panel discussions, mixed In public debate, employing the but legal movement, while the mobility with interactive group sessions language of ‘anti-trafficking’ and ‘anti- of migrants across the borders of focused on current challenges slavery’ has become a useful way of the European Union is a voluntary and policy questions, alongside a managing tensions between border but illegalised movement. Professor series of multimedia presentations Anderson argued that one of the key of Young Lives data and findings. controls and human rights. This lecture demands of slaves was ‘the right of Themes covered included child explored what is concealed and what is locomotion’. It is this that takes the development, social protection, revealed by such language. invocation of slavery beyond the gender, nutrition, education, labour Pretensions to historical detail can figurative. Yet it is precisely this demand markets, children’s work, violence, be deeply misleading. The mobility of that European governments are and experience of adolescence. transatlantic slaves was an involuntary determined to ignore. Find out more: www.younglives.org. uk/content/young-lives-child- Listen to the podcast: hwww.rsc.ox.ac.uk/news/let-language-not-betray- poverty-and-lessons-sdgs-post- us-immigration-enforcement-and-modern-slavery-annual-elizabeth- conference-update colson-lecture-2018
Annual ODS Lecture: Celebrating the Legacy of ‘Advancing Human Development’ Abdul Raufu Mustapha Professor Frances Stewart, University of Oxford 12 March 2018 15 May 2018 ODID and St Antony’s College ODID, Oxford ODID hosted a day of events this spring in memory of ODID was delighted to host Professor Frances Stewart for Raufu Mustapha, our colleague and friend, who died in the ODS Annual Lecture. the summer of 2017. His former students Ami Shah and David Ehrhardt organised a workshop at ODID bringing Her lecture provided an overview of the recent book, together alumni and other scholars for a series of panels Advancing Human Development: Theory and Practice, which on African Political Systems, Societies at the Margins, she co-authored with Gustav Ranis and Emma Samman. Nigerian Institutions of Governance, and Identity and The lecture discussed the origin and justification of the Conflict in Nigeria. concept; its relationship with economic growth; why The workshop was followed by a reception at Raufu’s college, some countries have been more successful than others in St Antony’s, which included reflections on Raufu as a teacher, advancing human development over the past 40 years; mentor and researcher as well as a keynote by Dr Jibrin some critical issues, including the role of social institutions Ibrahim. A new book, Creed & Grievance: Muslim-Christian and of political economy; and major contemporary challenges Relations & Conflict Resolution in Northern Nigeria, edited for the analysis and sustainability of human development. by Raufu and David Ehrhardt, was also launched at the event. Listen to the podcast: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/node/24220/ Find out more: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/node/24377 26 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
Book Launch: Sense and Solidarity: Jholawala Economics for Annual Harrell-Bond Lecture Everyone (Jean Drèze) 2017: ‘The Displacement Paradox: Good Refugees, 24 November 2017 Bad Migrants. Where Can ODID, Oxford the Unwanted Go?’ OPHI hosted the Oxford launch of the latest book by development economist Jean Dr Jemilah Mahmood, IFRC, Drèze: Sense and Solidarity: Jholawala Economics for Everyone. 22 November 2017 The book, a collection of essays and articles from research and activism over Magdalen College, Oxford recent decades, takes a perceptive and rigorous look at India’s economic and social development, child health, elementary education, and gender (in)equality. Dr Drèze joined the event via a video link to discuss the themes of the book. The launch also included comments from Professor Matthew McCartney, Director of South Asian Studies at Oxford, Dr Duncan Green, Senior Strategic Advisor at Oxfam GB, and ODID DPhil candidates Soumya Mishra and Amogh Sharma. Find out more: ophi.org.uk/ophi_events/jean-drezes-new-book-launch- sense-and-solidarity-jholawala-economics-for-everyone
All people who leave their homes – for whatever reason – deserve our respect and our support: this is the essence of the Fundamental Principles of Humanity and is the reason why the approach of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is one of helping migrants in need, irrespective of their status. As the international community is attempting to work better together on this issue, Dr Mahmood suggested that we need to ask some important Astor Lecture 2017: ‘Agriculture, Technology and Economic questions: How can we do more Development’ to support the safety, well-being, Professor Christopher Udry, Northwestern University and dignity of refugees and 19 October 2017 vulnerable migrants? How can we Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford build on experiences and good practices – of the International Rural poverty in Africa is tightly linked Red Cross and Red Crescent with low agricultural productivity. Movement and other humanitarian Farmers in most of Africa make little and development actors? How can use of irrigation, chemical inputs, or we address negative perceptions commercial seed. Efforts to overcome about migrants? Who can be our structural and behavioural barriers to potential partners? How can we agricultural intensification have had at bring about these changes in a best modest success. way that has a real impact on the Using evidence from more than a decade lives of the most vulnerable? of studying farmers and farming in Ghana, Listen to the podcast: Professor Udry showed how it is the lack www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/news/the- of breakthrough technology, not farmers’ displacement-paradox-good- inability to adopt new technology, that refugees-bad-migrants-where- lies at the root of stagnant agricultural can-the-unwanted-go-annual- productivity; and he discussed possible harrell-bond-lecture-2017 routes out of the low-productivity trap. EVENTS 27
SUMMER SCHOOLS
The annual RSC International Summer protection and European Union protection Work in small, diverse tutor groups is a School in Forced Migration this year offered participants the chance to study central element of the summer school; the brought together 69 participants from these areas in more depth. Negotiating 2018 tutor groups were led by Catherine more than 35 countries. strategies were honed in a day-long Briddick, Cathryn Costello, Matthew simulation in the context of refugee The school’s key aim has always been to Gibney, Maryanne Loughry, Tom Scott- repatriation and the challenges of internal foster interaction and dialogue between Smith, and Liesbeth Schockaert. displacement in East Timor. academics, practitioners, and policy makers Major international organisations such as working in areas related to refugees and In the second week, participants had UNHCR, the International Organisation for forced migration. Practitioners are given opportunities to specialise in different Migration, and the Jesuit Refugee Service the opportunity to step back from the field areas, including children’s rights, gender, were well represented, and there were also and to learn from the best recent academic human smuggling, humanitarian principles, officials from various governments, staff work in forced migration, as well as from IDPs, Palestinian refugees and international of international and local NGOs (Asylum their fellow practitioners. law, and psychosocial support. The school Access, Gravitazz, Première Urgence The week began with sessions dedicated to concluded with participants, tutors, and Internationale), as well as full-time the conceptualisation and globalisation of speakers considering future challenges. researchers and academics. Participants forced migration, considering the political, had the opportunity to present their The school offered lectures from world- legal, and anthropological framings of personal experiences and fields of interest leading academics and professionals displacement. The ethics of border control to fellow participants, tutors, and members such as Chaloka Beyani, Madeline Garlick, were examined in a thought-provoking of the Refugee Studies Centre during our Chandran Kukathas, and Alessandro lecture, providing useful foundations for a Saturday Festival of Ideas. Monsutti; and Alison Phipps and Tawona subsequent debate between tutor groups. Sithole, who delivered the closing Ten participants received bursary funding, Later in the week, attention was directed plenary. It also included a screening and thanks to generous support from the towards asylum policy and international subsequent discussion of The Wait by Asfari Foundation and the Swiss Federal refugee law. Workshops on African Union Dr Maher Abdulaziz. Department of Foreign Affairs. 28 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
The OPHI Summer School was Washington University, who is the by Matt Brack, OPHI’s Administrator, held at ODID this year and welcomed author of both the Foster-Greer- supported by Francis Arthur and participants from nearly 35 countries Thorbecke class of measures and the Johanna Andrango. All were deeply for a thorough technical and practical Alkire-Foster method for measuring grateful to the Oxford Department introduction to multidimensional multidimensional poverty. Selim of International Development, which poverty measurement, with a strong Jehan, Director of UNDP’s Human facilitated this occasion. They were also emphasis on the Alkire–Foster method. Development Report Office, gave a very grateful to the weather, which special lecture on Human Development offered sunny warm days and (more Students who completed the and Multidimensional Poverty which importantly) warm evenings, for walks course should have the skills covered not only institutional history and runs after class. required to construct and analyse but also philosophy and poetry. an official national multidimensional The summer school ended with each Dr Abdul Alim, from UNICEF’s South poverty measure and to describe of the Working Groups presenting a Asia Regional Office, spoke persuasively its policy relevance. new National Multidimensional Poverty of addressing the disconnect between Index that they had constructed and The summer school began with analysis and action, motivating analysed during these two weeks, introductions from a wide range of participants to ponder how their work sharing the national context, the participants, but whether they hailed could do better. purpose for their MPI, its parameters from Afghanistan or Tanzania, from The Otherwise, the summer school was with their technical and normative Gambia, Egypt, the Philippines, North taught by the OPHI team: Adriana justifications, as well as an analysis of its America, or Chile, they had in common a Conconi, Ana Vaz, Bilal Malaeb, indicator composition, disaggregation passion to develop rigorous tools to fight Christian Oldiges, Corinne Mitchell, by different groups, robustness checks, human disadvantage in its many forms Fedora Carbajal, Frank Vollmer, John and policy angles. As is only to be and dimensions. And a love of numbers. Hammock, Juliana Milanovic, Monica expected, the activities ended with an The summer school featured core Pinilla, Nicolai Suppa, Ricardo Nogales, exam. The 2018 Summer School class teaching slots by Professor James Rizwan Ul Haq, Sabina Alkire, and Usha carries on, linked via Facebook and Foster, OPHI Researcher and Kanagaratnam. Administrative and Whatsapp, as a living community of Oliver T Carr Professor at George logistical matters were ably handed interaction into future phases of work. EVENTS 29
STRENGTHENING LINKS WITH SCHOLARS IN ZIMBABWE
ODID academics and students took part of conducting research alongside current Oxford students and alumni, in a workshop funded by Africa–Oxford demanding teaching commitments, and and more broadly among Zimbabwean (AfOx) at the University of Zimbabwe shared concern that research agendas scholars who were going to extraordinary (UZ) on 17 March 2018, with the aims were increasingly measured by their lengths to build and maintain an of informing students about opportunities potential to deliver on impact, rather than intellectual and historical archive. for further study at ODID and the African by their scholarly content. In the afternoon breakout sessions, Studies Centre, discussing the process of, At the same time, Zimbabwean scholars the Oxford visitors spoke to master’s and opportunities in, academic publishing, highlighted key structural differences and PhD students about their ongoing and fostering research collaborations. between working conditions in the research projects. Engaging in discussions The workshop was led by Professor two countries, and the conditions around the themes of political economy, Jocelyn Alexander of ODID and Dr faced by faculty, staff, and students agriculture, mining, and finance, as well as Ushehwedu Kufakurinani, the chair of UZ’s at Zimbabwean institutions. They questions of conducting interdisciplinary Economic History Department. It brought drew attention not only to the research, they were exposed to a together master’s and PhD students, limited opportunities and freedom wide range of thought-provoking and as well as academic staff from three of for Zimbabwean scholars to take up extremely detailed research projects. Zimbabwe’s universities: the UZ, Midlands international fellowships (in part due to During the discussions, the visitors State University (MSU), and Great their work contracts) but also to the advised students on possible routes to Zimbabwe University (GZU). specific challenges brought about by the fitting these detailed projects into the economic crisis. Dr Kufakurinani from Throughout the day, central to the frameworks of international academic UZ, Dr Sylvester Dombo from GZU, and debate was a recognition of both debates, and in the process identified Professor Gerald Mazarire from MSU, the shared challenges of academic possible frames for future collaboration for example, recalled learning, teaching, working conditions and the structural around themes of medical anthropology, and researching at a time when there inequalities adversely affecting gender, land reform, migration, and law. was little petrol available for travel to African-based scholars. and from work, and when electricity and Overall, the workshop provided an In addition to demystifying the process water shortages affected everything enriching and dynamic platform which of academic publishing in leading peer- from the running of computers to the served as an important step in building reviewed journals, ODID academics and workings of the toilets. and maintaining ODID’s partnerships with students shared their experiences of the Zimbabwe-based scholars. Despite these conditions, a commitment pressure to publish extensively, and the to teaching and research remained very Participants from ODID included Professor fear that this pressure promoted quantity much alive within Zimbabwean institutions Alexander, Dr Simukai Chigudu, Dr Dan over quality. of higher education. This commitment Hodgkinson, Dr Sanne Verheul, and DPhil As well as highlighting opportunities was evident both within the Economic students Marc Howard and Kristina for further study and postdoctoral and History Department at UZ specifically, Pikovskaia. From the African Studies visiting fellowships at Oxford, the visitors as the department continued to produce Centre, Dr Miles Tendi and MSc student learned of, and recognised, the challenge excellent students, some of whom are Asa Mudzimu took part. 30 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 PUBLICATIONS © Young Lives / Sarika Gulati / Sarika Lives © Young
The department’s dynamic research Prosperity (Professor Christopher Adam, Private Enterprise Development in Low programme is reflected in a steady Oxford University Press); Diversity and Income Countries programme. stream of top-flight academic Plurality in South Asia (Professor Nandini The department and a number of its publications. You can find out more about Gooptu, Anthem); New Diplomacy research programmes have active this year’s publications by departmental (Professor Corneliu Bjola, Routledge); Working Paper series to provide rapid staff opposite and overleaf. and Studies in Forced Migration access to their latest findings, as well ODID hosts one of the leading scholarly (produced in association with the RSC, as producing a variety of research and journals in the field, Oxford Development Berghahn Books). In addition, Professor policy briefings to enable dissemination Studies, a multidisciplinary journal Christopher Woodruff is an editor of the to non-academic audiences. In addition, published four times a year, aimed at the new VoxDev development economics the RSC produces the magazine Forced research and policy-making community. discussion platform, voxdev.org, created Migration Review, the most widely read ODID academics also edit a number as a joint initiative by the IGC, the Centre publication on refugees and internally of book series: Africa: Policies for for Economic Policy Research, and the displaced and stateless people. PUBLICATIONS 31
BOOKS Bano, Masooda (ed) (2018) Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change Volume 1: Evolving Debates in Muslim Majority Countries, Edinburgh University Press Bano, Masooda (ed) (2018) Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change Volume 2: Evolving Debates in the West, Edinburgh University Press Bjola, Corneliu (with Markus Kornprobst) (2018) Understanding International Diplomacy: Theory, Practice and Ethics (2nd ed), Routledge Chatty, Dawn (2018) Syria: The Making and Unmaking of a Refuge State, Hurst Cohen, Robin (with contributions from Fitzroy Ambursley and Olivia Sheringham) (2017) Island Societies: Political and Cultural Resistance Bano, Masooda (2018 online) ‘Religion Chatty, Dawn (2017) ‘How Syria’s from Below, Oxford Publishing Services and female empowerment: Evidence from neighbors have treated its refugees’, Cohen, Robin (with Carolin Fischer) Pakistan and northern Nigeria’, Canadian Current History 116 (794): 337–42 (eds) (2018) The Routledge Handbook Journal of Development Studies / Revue Chatty, Dawn (2017) ‘The Syrian humanitarian of Diaspora Studies, Routledge canadienne d’études du développement disaster: Perceptions and aspirations in Jordan, Friedrichs, Jörg (2018) Hindu– Bano, Masooda (2018 online) ‘Partnerships Lebanon, and Turkey’, Global Policy 8: 25–32 Muslim Relations: What Europe Might and the good-governance agenda: Improving Chigudu, Simukai (with David Mccoy, Learn from India, Routledge service delivery through state–NGO Taavi Tillmann) (2017) ‘Framing the tax collaborations’, VOLUNTAS: International Journal and health nexus: A neglected aspect of Fu, Xiaolan (with Pervez N Ghauri of Voluntary and Non-profit Organizations and Juha Väätänen) (eds) (2017) public health concern’, Health Economics, Multinational Enterprises and Bano, Masooda (with Emi Ferra) (2018) ‘Family Policy and Law 12 (2): 179–94 Sustainable Development, Emerald versus school effect on individual religiosity: Cohen, Robin (2017 online) ‘Strangers and Evidence from Pakistan’, International Journal migrants in the making of African societies: a Mahmood, Zaad (2017) Globalization of Educational Development 59: 35–42 and Labour Reforms: The Politics conceptual and historical review’, Fudan Journal of Interest Groups and Partisan Bano, Masooda (2017 online) ‘Skills of the Humanities and Social Sciences Governments, Oxford University Press development and international development Cohen, Robin (2017) ‘A tribute to Ken agenda setting: Lessons from an intervention Mustapha, Abdul Raufu (with David Post, 1935–2017’, Review of African in northern Nigeria’, The European Political Economy, 44 (154): 643–5 Ehrhardt) (eds) (2018) Creed and Grievance: Journal of Development Research Muslim–Christian Relations & Conflict Cole, Georgia (2018 online) ‘“But if locals are Resolution in Northern Nigeria, James Currey Bano, Masooda (2017) ‘Buying consent: poorer than you, how would you justify additional The Achilles’ heel of aid-induced community Stewart, Frances (with Gustav Ranis help?”: Rethinking the purpose of sensitive participation’, Journal of South Asian interview questions’, Refugee Survey Quarterly and Emma Samman) (2018) Advancing Development 12 (3): 213–35 Human Development: Theory and Cole, Georgia (2018 online) ‘How Practice, Oxford University Press Bano, Masooda (with H Benadi) (2017 friends become foes: Exploring the online) ‘Regulating religious authority for role of documents in shaping UNHCR’s political gains: al-Sisi’s manipulation of al- behaviour’, Third World Quarterly JOURNAL ARTICLES Azhar in Egypt’, Third World Quarterly Alkire, Sabina (with Yingfeng Fang) (2018 Cole, Georgia (2017) ‘Beyond labelling: Betts, Alexander (with Naohiko Omata rethinking the role and value of the online) ‘Dynamics of multidimensional and Louise Bloom) (2017) ‘Thrive or poverty and uni-dimensional income refugee “label” through semiotics’, Journal survive? Explaining variation in economic of Refugee Studies 31 (1): 1–21 poverty: An evidence of stability analysis outcomes for refugees’, Journal on Migration from China’, Social Indicators Research and Human Security 5 (4): 716–43 Doss, Cheryl (2018) ‘Women and Alkire, Sabina (with Kim Samuel, Diego agricultural productivity: Reframing the issues’, Bjola, Corneliu (with Ilan Manor) (2018) Development Policy Review 36 (1): 35–50 Zavaleta, China Mills, and John Hammock) ‘Revisiting Putnam’s two-level game theory (2018) ‘Social isolation and its relationship in the digital age: Domestic digital diplomacy Doss, Cheryl (with Zachary Catanzarite, to multidimensional poverty’, Oxford and the Iran nuclear deal’, Cambridge Review William Baah-Boateng, Hema Swaminathan, Development Studies 46 (1): 83–97 of International Affairs 31 (1): 3–32 Carmen Diana Deere, Louis Boakye-Yiadom, and Suchitra J.Y.) (2018) ‘Do men and Alkire, Sabina (with Mauricio Apablaza, Bjola, Corneliu (2018 online) ‘The Satya Chakravarty Gaston Yalonetzky) (2017) women estimate property values differently?’, ethics of countering digital propaganda’, World Development 107: 75–86 ‘Measuring chronic multidimensional poverty’, Ethics & International Affairs 32 (3) Journal of Policy Modeling 39 (6): 983–1006 Doss, Cheryl (with Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Chatty, Dawn (2017) ‘Introduction Agnes Quisumbing, and Sophie Theis) Andersson, Ruben (2017 online) ‘The to Special Issue: Forced displacement price of impact: Reflections on academic (2018) ‘Women in agriculture: Four myths’, and refugees’, International Journal of Global Food Security 16: 69–74 outreach amid the “refuge crisis”’, Social Middle East Studies 49 (4): 577–82 Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 32 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
Scott-Smith, Tom (2018) ‘Sticky technologies: Plumpy’nut®, emergency feeding and the viscosity of humanitarian design’, Social Studies of Science 48 (1): 3–24 Sterck, Olivier (2018) ‘What goes wrong with the allocation of domestic and international resources for HIV?’, Health Economics 27 (2): 320–32 Sterck, Olivier (with Paul Collier) (2018) ‘The moral and fiscal implications of antiretroviral therapies for HIV in Africa’, Oxford Economic Papers 70 (2): 353–74. Sterck, Olivier (with Stephane J Baele, David Lewis, Anke Hoeffler, and Thibaut Slingeneyer) (2017) ‘The ethics of security research: An ethics framework for Doss, Cheryl (with Valerie Mueller and Agnes Fu, Xiaolan (with Zhongjuan Sun, contemporary security studies’, International Quisumbing) (2018 online) ‘Youth migration Pervez N Ghauri) (2018 online) ‘Reverse Studies Perspectives 19 (2): 105–27 and labour constraints in African agrarian knowledge acquisition in emerging market households’, Journal of Development Studies MNEs: The experiences of Huawei and Sterck, Olivier (with Stephane J Baele, Thibaut Slingeneyer, and Gregoire P Lits) Doss, Cheryl (with Abena D Oduro) ZTE’, Journal of Business Research (2017 online) ‘What does the “terrorist” (2018) ‘Changing patterns of wealth Gledhill, John (with Jonathan Bright) label really do? Measuring and explaining distribution: Evidence from Ghana’, Journal (2018) ‘A divided discipline? Mapping the effects of the “terrorist” and “Islamist” of Development Studies 54 (5): 933–48 peace and conflict studies’, International categories’, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism Doss, Cheryl (2017) ‘Including both Studies Perspectives 19 (2): 128–47 Sterck, Olivier (with Olivia D’Aoust and equity and efficiency claims for international Mahmood, Zaad (with Supurna Philip Verwimp) (2018) ‘Who benefited from development’, Canadian Journal of Banerjee) (2017) ‘Judicial intervention Burundi’s demobilization program?’, The World Development Studies 38 (4): 553–57 and industrial relations: Exploring industrial Bank Economic Review 32 (2): 357–82 Doss, Cheryl (with Ruth Meinzen-Dick, disputes cases in West Bengal’, Industrial Sterck, Olivier (with Maïté Le Polain Agnes Quisumbing, and Sophie Theis) (2017 Law Journal 46 (3): 366–96 and Marthe Nyssens) (2018) ‘Interest online) ‘Women’s land rights as a pathway to Malik, Adeel (2017) ‘Pirs and politics rate in savings groups: Thrift or threat?’, poverty reduction: Framework and review of in Punjab, 1937–2013’, Modern World Development 101: 162–172 available evidence’, Agricultural Systems Asian Studies 51 (6): 1818–61 Sterck, Olivier (with Richard Manning) (2018 Easton-Calabria, Evan (with Naohiko Omata) Omata, Naohiko (2017) ‘Unwelcome online) ‘Rethinking international and domestic (2018 online) ‘Panacea for the refugee crisis? participation, undesirable agency? Paradoxes financing for HIV in low and middle income Rethinking the promotion of “self-reliance” of de-politicisation in a refugee camp’, Refugee countries’, Development Policy Review for refugees’, Third World Quarterly Survey Quarterly 36 (3): 108–131 Tsourdi, Evangelia (Lilian) (2017) ‘Solidarity Favara, Marta (2018 online) ‘Maternal group Pailey, Robtel Neajai (2017 online) ‘Between at work? The prevalence of emergency- participation and child nutritional status in rootedness and rootlessness: How sedentarist driven solidarity in the administrative Peru’, Review of Development Economics and nomadic metaphysics simultaneously governance of the Common European Asylum challenge and reinforce (dual) citizenship Favara, Marta (2017) ‘Do dreams come System’, Maastricht Journal of European claims for Liberia’, Migration Studies true? Aspirations and educational attainments and Comparative Law 24 (5): 667–86 of Ethiopian boys and girls’, Journal of Pincock, Kate (2018 online) ‘School, Woodruff, Christopher (with Marcel African Economies 26 (5): 561–83 sexuality and problematic girlhoods: Reframing Fafchamps) (2017) ‘Identifying gazelles: Expert “empowerment” discourse’, Third World Quarterly Friedrichs, Jörg (2018 online) ‘Outlandish panels vs. surveys as a means to identify Christendom: the Catholic Church in India Rodriguez, Anne-Line (2017 online) firms with rapid growth potential’, World and China’, Journal of Church and State ‘European attempts to govern African Bank Economic Review 31 (3): 670–86 youths by raising awareness of the risks of Friedrichs, Jörg (2018) ‘Intermestic Woodruff, Christopher (with David migration: Ethnography of an encounter’, security challenges: Managing McKenzie) (2017) ‘Business practices Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies transnational bonds’, European Journal of in small firms in developing countries’, International Security 3 (2): 162–86 Sánchez-Ancochea, Diego (with Management Science 63 (9): 2967–81 Severine Deneulin) (2018) ‘Urban inequality, Fu, Xiaolan (with Jun Hou and Xiaohui Liu) Zetter, Roger (with Augustine Yelfaanibe) youth and social policy in Latin America: (2018) ‘Unpacking the relationship between (2017) ‘Policies and labels for negotiating rights Introduction to special section’, Oxford outward direct investment and innovation protection for the environmentally displaced Development Studies 46 (1): 3–9 performance: evidence from Chinese firms’, in Ghana: the Dagara farmer in perspective’, World Development 102: 111–23 Scott-Smith, Tom (2018 online) ‘Paradoxes African Geographical Review 37 (2): 83–97 of resilience: A review of the World Disasters Fu, Xiaolan (with Pierre Mohnen, Giacomo Zetter, Roger (2017) ‘Rifugiati ambientali: una Report 2016’, Development and Change Zanello) (2018) ‘Innovation and productivity in definizione calzante?’ (Environmental refugees: formal and informal firms in Ghana’, Technological a definitive definition?), Aggiornamenti Sociali Forecasting and Social Change 131: 315–25 (Social Updates), August-September, 542–52 PUBLICATIONS 33
CHAPTERS Andersson, Ruben (2018) ‘La lotta Cohen, Robin (2018) ‘Afterword: patterns all’immigrazione irregolare messa in atto of inclusion and exclusion in African societies.’ Adam, Christopher (with Andrew Berg, Rafael dall’Europa: note etnografiche su un’industria In Oliver Bakewell and Loren B Landau (eds) Portillo, and Filiz Unsal) (2018) ‘Monetary policy pericolosa’. In R Schmitz-Esser (ed) Venezia Forging African Communities: Mobility, and central banking in sub-Saharan Africa’. In nel Contesto Globale, Centro Tedesco di Studi Integration and Belonging, Palgrave Peter Conti Brown and Rosa Lastra (eds) Research Veneziani Cole, Georgia (with Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh Handbook on Central Banking, Edward Elgar Andersson, Ruben (2018) ‘Migration’. In and Chloé Lewis) (2017) ‘”Faithing” gender and Alexander, Jocelyn (2018) ‘The politics T Allen, A Macdonald, and H Radice (eds) responses to violence in refugee communities: of states and chiefs in Zimbabwe’. In John L Humanitarianism: A Dictionary of Concepts, insights from the Sahrawi refugee camps Comaroff and Jean Comaroff (eds) The Politics Routledge and the Democratic Republic of Congo.’ In of Custom: Chiefs, Capital and Culture in Susanne Buckley-Zistel and Ulrike Krause (eds) Betts, Alexander (2017) ‘Gender, violence, Contemporary Africa, Chicago University Press Gender, Violence, Refugees, Berghahn Books and deportation: Angola’s forced return of Alkire, Sabina (with Suman Seth) (2017) Congolese migrant workers.’ In Susanne Costello, Cathryn (2017) ‘On refugeehood ‘Did poverty reduction reach the poorest of the Buckley-Zistel and Ulrike Krause (eds) Gender, and citizenship.’ In Ayelet Shachar, Rainer poor? Complementary measures of poverty Violence, Refugees, Berghahn Books Bauboeck, Irene Bloemraad, and Maarten and inequality in the counting approach.’ In Vink (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Bjola, Corneliu (2018) ‘Morality and Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay (ed) Research on Citizenship, Oxford University Press diplomacy.’ In Gordon Martel (ed) Encyclopedia Economic Inequality: Poverty, Inequality and of Diplomacy, Wiley-Blackwell Fu, Xiaolan (with George Essegbey and Godfred Welfare 25, Emerald Frempong) (2017) ‘MNEs and capabilities building Chatty, Dawn (2018) ‘The Syrian humanitarian Alkire, Sabina (with Yangyang Shen) (2017) in Ghana.’ In Xiaolan Fu, Pervez N Ghauri, and disaster: Perceptions on sustainability of ‘Exploring multidimensional poverty in China: Juha Väätänen (eds) Multinational Enterprises containment in the region of conflict.’ In J 2010 to 2014.’ In Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay and Sustainable Development, Emerald Carvill Schellenbacher, J Dahlvik, H Fassmann, (ed) Research on Economic Inequality: Poverty, and C Reinprecht (eds) Migration und Fu, Xiaolan (with Shaheen Akter, Leonardo Inequality and Welfare 25, Emerald Integration – wissenschaftliche Perspektiven Bremermann, Mauro Rosa, Valerie Nattrodt, Andersson, Ruben (2018) ‘Europe’s failed aus Österreich. Vienna University Press Juha Väätänen, Roman Teplov, and Lulduz “fight” against irregular migration’. In M Kaldor, Khairullina) (2017) ‘MNEs’ contribution to Chatty, Dawn (2017) ‘Forced migrations: I Rangelov, and S Selchow (eds) EU Global sustainable energy and development: The Contextualizing the Syrian refugee Strategy and Human Security: Rethinking case of “Light for All” program in Brazil.’ crisis.’ In E Otto and B Dogramici (eds) Approaches to Conflict, Routledge In Xiaolan Fu, Pervez N Ghauri, and Juha Passages of Exile, Edition Text+Kritik Väätänen (eds) Multinational Enterprises and Sustainable Development, Emerald © Young Lives / James Duong Lives © Young 34 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
Fu, Xiaolan (with George Essegbey and Rossiter, Jack (with Martin Woodhead, Betts, Alexander (with Olivier Sterck, Godfred Frempong) (2017) ‘Multinational Andrew Dawes, and Alula Pankhurst) (2017) Remco Geervliet, and Claire MacPherson) enterprises, sustainable development and ‘Scaling-up early learning as a sustainable (2017) Talent Displaced: The Economic Lives poverty alleviation: Past, present, and future.’ development priority: A case study of of Syrian Refugees in Europe, Deloitte and In Xiaolan Fu, Pervez N Ghauri, and Juha Ethiopia.’ In Linda Miller, Claire Cameron, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford Carmen Dalli, and Nancy Barbour (eds) Sage Väätänen (eds) Multinational Enterprises Boyden, Jo (with Virginia Morrow) (2018) Handbook of Early Childhood Policy, Sage and Sustainable Development, Emerald Responding to Children’s Work: Evidence Crivello, Gina (with Patricia Espinoza) from the Young Lives Study in Ethiopia, (2018) ‘Care labour as temporal vulnerability REPORTS India, Peru and Vietnam, Summative Report, in woman–child relations’. In Rachel Rosen Young Lives, University of Oxford Betts, Alexander (with Remco Geervliet, and Katherine Twamley (eds) Feminism Boyden, Jo (with Liza Benny and Mary Penny) and the Politics of Childhood, UCL Press Claire MacPherson, Naohiko Omata, and Olivier Sterck (2018) Self-Reliance in (2018) Early is Best But It’s Not Always Too Gibney, Matthew J (2017) ‘Denationalization’. Kalobeyei? Socio-Economic Outcomes for Late: Evidence from the Young Lives Study in In Ayelet Shachar, Rainer Bauboeck, Irene Refugees in North-West Kenya, Refugee Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam, Summative Bloemraad, and Maarten Vink (eds) The Oxford Studies Centre, University of Oxford. Report, Young Lives, University of Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, Oxford University Press Betts, Alexander (with Naohiko Omata Chang, Grace (with Marta Favara and Alan Hodgkinson, Dan (2018) ‘Subversive and Olivier Sterck) (2018) Refugee Sánchez) (2018) No Longer Children: What communities and the “Rhodesian Sixties”: Economies in Kenya, Refugee Studies Do Young Lives Children Do When They An exploration of transnational protests, Centre, University of Oxford Grow Up? Transitions to Post-secondary 1965–1973.’ In Chen Jian, Martin Klimke, Education and the Labour Market, Research Masha Kirasirova, Mary Nolan, Marilyn Young, Betts, Alexander (with Cathryn Costello Report, Young Lives, University of Oxford and Joanna Waley-Cohen (eds) The Routledge and Natascha Zaun) (2017) A Fair Share: Refugees and Responsibility-Sharing, Delmi Omata, Naohiko (2018) Syrian Handbook of the Global Sixties, Routledge Refugee Families in Oxford, Refugee Omata, Naohiko (2018) ‘Refugees Betts, Alexander (with Ali Ali and Fulya Studies Forum, Tokyo (in Japanese) and internally-displaced persons.’ In ) (2017) Local Politics and the Syrian Refugee Crisis: Exploring Responses Pailey, Robtel Neajai (with Maegan Encyclopaedia of International Development Hendow, Alessandra Bravi, Albert Kraler, Studies, Maruzen, Tokyo (in Japanese) in Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford Bernhard Perchinig, and Katharina Schaur) Omata, Naohiko (2018) ‘Unleashing (2018) Resilience in the Face of Adversity: refugees’ economic capacity.’ In CIDOB’s A Comparative Study of Migrants in Crisis Yearbook 2018, Barcelona Centre for Situations, International Centre for Migration International Affairs, Barcelona (in Spanish) Policy Development (ICMPD), Vienna Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development PUBLICATIONS 35
THE ODID BLOG
This year we ran a guest blog series on Religion and NGOs, edited by R Michael Feener and Philip Fountain. The series comprised the following posts: ‘Religion and NGOs: Understanding new global configurations of humanitarian, development, and “faith- based” institutions’, by R Michael Feener of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, Oxford, and Philip Fountain of the Religious Studies Programme, Victoria University of Wellington ‘Indonesian aid to Rakhine State, Myanmar: Islamic humanitarianism, soft diplomacy, and the question of inclusive aid’ by Amelia Fauze of the Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore ‘Religious and secular NGOs in the slums of Bangkok: why a sharp dividing line is unhelpful and mistaken’ by Giuseppe Bolotta of the School of Education, University College Dublin ‘Interfaith partnerships in the field of development: a way forward for religious pluralism in Indonesia?’ by Gustav Brown of the Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore ‘Christian NGOs and “indigenous cultures”: on the morphing of missionary work among a Cambodian highland minority’ by Catherine Scheer of Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg The ODID blog brings together commentary and analysis by staff, students, alumni and friends of the department on the issues we research. Read the series: To subscribe, visit www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/blog. bit.ly/Religion_NGOs
Young Lives has produced a new animation, drawing out some of the findings of 15 years of research into childhood poverty. Watch it here: bit.ly/YL-animation 36 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
Forced Migration Review brings together researchers, practitioners, policy This year’s volume of Oxford makers, and displaced people to analyse the causes and impacts of displacement; Development Studies included debate policies and programmes; share research findings; reflect the lived a Special Section titled ‘Urban experience of displacement; and present examples of good practice and inequality, youth and social policy recommendations for policy and action. This year’s issues comprise the following: in Latin America’ edited by ODID’s Professor Diego Sánchez-Ancochea and Professor Severine Deneulin of FMR 56 the University of Bath. LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (OCTOBER 2017) The section explores the ways in which, The region of Latin America and the Caribbean despite the fact has long demonstrated hospitality towards that Latin America those fleeing conflict and persecution within has experienced the region and from further afield. Faced important gains in with newer causes of displacement, such human development as the violence of organised criminal gangs outcomes over and the adverse effects of climate change, the last decade, Latin American and Caribbean countries the reduction in are continuing to expand and adapt their inequality has protection laws and mechanisms in order failed to trickle to address these and other situations of down into the displacement, and to meet the differing lives of many young people, needs of affected populations. This issue particularly on the urban margins. contains 31 articles on ‘Latin America and the The section included the following Caribbean’, plus five general articles on other topics. articles: Séverine Deneulin & Diego FMR 57 Sánchez-Ancochea: Urban SYRIANS IN DISPLACEMENT inequality, youth and social (FEBRUARY 2018) policy in Latin America: With 2018 marking the seventh anniversary of introduction to special section the Syrian conflict, this issue of FMR explores new Alejandro de la Fuente, insights and continuing challenges relating to the Eduardo Ortiz-Juárez & Carlos displacement of millions of Syrians, both internally Rodríguez-Castelán: Living and in neighbouring countries. What we learn on the edge: vulnerability to from responses to this large-scale, multi-faceted poverty and public transfers in displacement is also relevant to other situations Mexico of displacement beyond as well as within the Middle East. The issue contains 27 articles on Eduardo Lépore & Simca ‘Syrians in displacement’, plus six general articles Simpson Lapp: Concentrated on other topics. poverty and neighbourhood effects: youth marginalisation in Buenos Aires’ informal settlements FMR 58 Ann Mitchell, Pablo Del Monte ECONOMIES: RIGHTS AND ACCESS TO WORK & Séverine Deneulin: School (JUNE 2018) completion in urban Latin When people are forced to leave their homes, America: the voices of young they usually also leave behind their means of people from an informal economic activity. In their new location, they settlement may not be able, or permitted, to work, and this Julienne Weegels: Implementing has wide-ranging implications. This issue of FMR social policy through the criminal includes 22 articles on the main feature theme justice system: youth, prisons, of ‘Economies: rights and access to work’. It also and community-oriented includes two ‘mini-features’, one on refugee-led policing in Nicaragua social protection and one on humans and animals in refugee camps. Read a blog post introducing the section: www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/blog/ trickle-down-does-not-work- social-policy-either-micro-side- Find out more: www.fmreview.org macro-success-story-inequality PUBLICATIONS 37 Jean-Benoit Falisse, DPhil in Interantional Development DPhil in Interantional Falisse, Jean-Benoit 38 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 PEOPLE ODID / Rob Judges ODID / Rob
As of 31 July 2018, the department to international development objectives: under the supervision of Professor had 105 staff members, including 48 per cent are women and around 73 Jocelyn Alexander, and was latterly a core academic teaching staff, research per cent are of non-UK origin. Departmental Lecturer at ODID. Read officers and assistants in our research more about his appointment opposite. This year saw the appointment of a new programmes, and communications and Associate Professor of African Politics, We were also saddened this year by support staff. Of our teaching staff, 11 taking up the post formerly held by the death of Barbara Harrell-Bond, the are Professors, 11 Associate Professors, Raufu Mustapha, who, sadly, died in the founder of the Refugee Studies Centre and eight Departmental Lecturers. summer of 2017. We were delighted to at ODID and a life-long champion of The diversity of our academic and appoint Simukai Chigudu to the position. the rights of refugees. You can read a research staff reflects our commitment Simukai completed his DPhil at ODID, tribute to Barbara opposite. PEOPLE 39
Simukai Chigudu, Associate Professor of African Politics Simukai Chigudu was appointed Associate vibrant department where I have unrivalled 2017 on the politics of Zimbabwe’s 2008-09 Professor of African Politics at ODID and freedom to follow my intellectual passions. cholera outbreak. Fellow of St Antony’s College. ‘Moreover, through this position, I succeed His academic background is eclectic; he Dr Chigudu is currently a Departmental the inimitable Professor Abdul Raufu received training in Medicine at Newcastle Lecturer at ODID. He takes up the position Mustapha, whose tragic death last year is University, Public Health at Imperial College formerly occupied by Raufu Mustapha, who a loss – to Oxford specifically and African London, and African Studies at the University passed away in August 2017. intellectualism more generally – that is too of Oxford. great for words. I can only hope that in the ‘To say that this appointment is an honour He previously worked and conducted research years to come, I will follow Raufu’s path and would be a terrific understatement’, he said. in Zimbabwe, Uganda, The Gambia, Tanzania, chart a scholarly trajectory of such breadth, ‘Given the hostile and precarious nature of the and South Africa. Before taking up his studies relevance, and originality’. academic job market, I feel blessed to have at Oxford, he worked as a medical doctor for landed a secure position in a cosmopolitan and Dr Chigudu completed his DPhil at ODID in three years in the UK’s National Health Service.
the Afrika Studiecentrum in Leiden, and the Barbara was awarded the Order of the Faculty of Law, University of Warwick. On British Empire (OBE) in 2005 for services to her retirement from the RSC, she conducted refugee and forced-migration studies. She research in Kenya and Uganda (1997–2000) was also a recipient of the Franz Boas Award and was Honorary Adjunct Professor at the for Exemplary Service to Anthropology, American University in Cairo (2000–2008). awarded by the American Anthropological She wrote the seminal text Imposing Aid: Association, and she received the Lucy Mair Emergency Assistance to Refugees in 1982. Medal for Applied Anthropology in 2014. In July 2016, she was awarded an honorary An unflinching advocate of legal-aid doctorate at the School of African and Asian ODID / Rob Judges ODID / Rob programmes for refugees and research Studies (SOAS), University of London. Barbara Harrell-Bond, OBE and teaching in refugee studies in the 1932–2018 Global South, Barbara was a driving force Barbara was far from being solely an Barbara Harrell-Bond died on 11 July 2018, behind the establishment of a number of academic: the focus of her life-long work in her Oxford home surrounded by her family. programmes in countries that included was on refugee rights, and on keeping Uganda, Egypt, South Africa, and the UK. She refugees at the centre of humanitarianism, Dr Barbara Harrell-Bond, OBE, Emerita was responsible for the information portal issues which resonate even more deeply Professor, was a legal anthropologist who www.refugeelegalaidinformation.org (Rights now, in an age when asylum and protections founded the Refugee Studies Centre in in Exile), which promotes legal assistance for for refugees appear daily more endangered. 1982 and directed it until 1996. Before refugees around the world. In 2013, Rights in Read an obituary in the Guardian by Emeritus this she conducted research in West Africa Exile became the refugee-rights component Professor Roger Zetter: www.theguardian. from 1967 to 1982, while employed by the of the International Refugee Rights Initiative, com/world/2018/jul/30/barbara- Departments of Anthropology, University of which issues the monthly refugee legal-aid harrell-bond-obituary Edinburgh and University of Illinois-Urbana, newsletter, Rights in Exile. Greta Semplici, DPhil in International Development Semplici, DPhil in International Greta
HONOURS AND AWARDS
Cheryl Doss, Senior Departmental Teams from OPHI and the RSC were Alexander Betts, Professor of Forced Lecturer and Associate Professor, was highly commended for the impact of their Migration and International Affairs, and elected President of the International research in the new O2RB Excellence in Professor Sir Paul Collier of the Blavatnik Association for Feminist Economics Impact Awards. School of Government were highly (IAFFE), a non-profit organisation commended in the Inspiring Leadership OPHI was recognised for its impact on which seeks to advance feminist inquiry category of the inaugural Vice- poverty-measurement methodologies of economic issues and to educate Chancellor’s Innovation Awards. used by the World Bank and the UNDP/ economists and others on feminist OPHI. The RSC was recognised for its The award recognised their contribution points of view on economic issues. work on refugee economies. to the Jordan Compact, a model of It has approximately 600 members in refugee assistance which offers an 43 countries, the majority economists, The O2RB Excellence in Impact Awards alternative to camps by focusing on but also scholars in other disciplines, are an opportunity for members of the providing refugees with the right to students, activists, and policy makers. University of Oxford, the Open University, work in Special Economic Zones in host the University of Reading, and Oxford Dr Doss became president-elect in countries. Brookes University (O2RB) to come mid-June and will begin her one-year together to recognise and reward the The Vice-Chancellor’s Innovation term in 2019. She was also awarded successes of social sciences researchers who Awards seek to recognise and celebrate the additional title of Associate have achieved, or are currently achieving, exceptional research-led innovations and Professor in 2018. excellent economic and societal impacts. products at all University levels that are having societal or economic impact. The awards were presented at a ceremony at St Anne’s College on 19 April 2018. PEOPLE 41
Three ODID academics have been awarded the title of Professor in the University’s annual Recognition of Distinction exercises. Pramila Krishnan was named Professor of Development Economics in the 2017 exercise. Professor Krishnan’s research spans the analysis of household behaviour and rural institutions in developing Xiaolan Fu, Professor of Technology Gunvor Jónsson, Departmental Lecturer countries; household economics and labour and International Development, was in Migration and Development, won a economics; and applied microeconometrics. appointed to the Board of the UNU- Special Commendation Award as part Maastricht Economic and Social Research of the University’s Enhancing Teaching Masooda Bano was named Professor Institute on Innovation and Technology Programme (ETP). of Development Studies, and Diego (UNU-MERIT). She will serve for a four- Dr Jónsson won the award in recognition Sánchea-Ancochea was named year term starting in 2019. of her reflections on ‘decolonising Professor of the Political Economy of Development in the 2018 exercise. UNU-MERIT is a research and training the curriculum’ in the portfolio that centre of the United Nations University. she submitted on completion of the Professor Bano’s primary area of interest It explores the social, political, and programme. The award is designed to is the study of the role of ideas and beliefs economic factors that drive technological recognise a portfolio in which a candidate in development processes and their innovation, with a particular focus has particularly impressed the examiners evolution and change. on creation, diffusion, and access to in one or more of the assessment criteria. Professor Sánchea-Ancochea specialises knowledge. The ETP provides early-career academic in the political economy of Latin America Board members are selected on a broad staff and teaching staff who have at with a particular focus on Central America. geographical basis with regard to major least two years’ teaching experience His research interests centre on the academic, scientific, economic, social, and with a structured pathway to a nationally determinants of income inequality and the cultural trends in the world. recognised teaching qualification. role of social policy in reducing it.
A team from Young Lives were The visualisations focused on runners up in the University’s four themes – Nutrition; Gender; 2018 OxTALENT awards for Education; and Skills and Work – and their data visualisations on were developed by Communications childhood poverty. Officer Anastasia Bow-Bertrand, Senior Research Officer Marta The visualisations drew on more Favara, and Research Officers Grace than 15 years of research with Chang and Kristine Briones. 12,000 children in Ethiopia, India (in the states of Andhra Pradesh The OxTALENT annual awards and Telangana), Peru, and Vietnam recognise members of the University and sought to make their complex, who have made innovative use of comprehensive dataset accessible. digital technology.
EARLY CAREER RESEARCHERS We are delighted that a number of our Indrajit Roy, ESRC Future Research Leaders Miles Tendi, Departmental Lecturer in Early Career Researchers have gone on Fellow, is now Lecturer in the Department African History and Politics, is now Associate to secure high-calibre academic and of Politics at the University of York. Professor in African Politics at the African research positions after leaving us: Studies Centre, Oxford. Abhijeet Singh, Quantitative Research Tristen Naylor, Departmental Lecturer Officer at Young Lives, is now Assistant Natascha Zaun, Junior Research Fellow in Diplomatic Studies, is now LSE Fellow in Professor in the Department of Economics, in Global Refugee Policy, is now Assistant International Relations. Stockholm School of Economics. Professor in Migration Studies at LSE. 42 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development PEOPLE 43
ALL STAFF 2017/18
ACADEMIC AND Simukai Chigudu* Gunvor Jonsson RESEARCH STAFF Departmental Lecturer in Development Studies Departmental Lecturer in Migration and Development Christopher Adam Georgia Cole Professor of Development Economics and Head Joyce Pearce Junior Research Fellow Usha Kanagaratnam* of Department Research Officer, OPHI Cathryn Costello Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development Studies 2016-18 Studies Max Nathanson, MPhil in Development Jocelyn Alexander Andrew W Mellon Associate Professor of Emre Eren Korkmaz Professor of Commonwealth Studies International Human Rights and Refugee Law Newton International Fellow Ali Ali Gina Crivello Pramila Krishnan Departmental Lecturer in Forced Migration Senior Research Officer, Young Lives Professor of Development Economics Manhal Ali* Mathias Czaika** Shaomeng Li Research Officer (Productivity and Development), Associate Professor of Migration and Research Officer, TMCD The Readymade Garment Productivity Project Development, and Director, International Zaad Mahmood Migration Institute Sabina Alkire Departmental Lecturer in South Asian Director, OPHI, and Associate Professor Cheryl Doss Development and Politics Senior Departmental Lecturer in Development Ruben Andersson Bilal Malaeb Economics Associate Professor of Migration and Research Officer, OPHI Development Evan Easton-Calabria* Adeel Malik Research Assistant, The Global Governed, RSC Bridget Azubuike** Islamic Centre Lecturer in the Economies Quantitative Research Assistant, Young Lives Arndt Emmerich of Muslim Societies Research Officer, CSIA Oliver Bakewell** Ivan Manokha Senior Research Officer, IMI, and Associate Patricia Espinoza Departmental Lecturer in International Professor Quantitative Research Officer, Young Lives Political Economy Masooda Bano Marta Favara Pierre Marion* Professor of Development Studies Senior Research Officer, Young Lives Research Analyst, Young Lives Liza Benny** Marie-Laurence Flahaux Nina Isabella Moeller** Quantitative Research Assistant, Young Lives Research Officer, IMI Independent Social Research Foundation Fellow Alexander Betts Jörg Friedrichs Rhiannon Moore** Professor of Forced Migration and Associate Professor of Politics Education Research Officer, Young Lives International Affairs Xiaolan Fu Ricardo Nogales* Corneliu Bjola Professor of Technology and International Research Officer, OPHI Associate Professor of Diplomatic Studies Development Christian Oldiges Jo Boyden Matthew J Gibney Research Officer, OPHI Professor of International Development and Elizabeth Colson Professor of Politics and Forced Naohiko Omata Director, Young Lives Migration, and Director, RSC Senior Research Officer (Social Sciences), Graham Bray John Gledhill Humanitarian Innovation Project, RSC Chief Operating Officer, Young Lives Associate Professor of Global Governance Oliver Owen** Mark Breeze Marie Godin ESRC Future Research Leaders Fellow Research Officer, Architectures of Displacement Research Officer, Mobile Welfare Project, IMI Robtel Neajai Pailey* Project Douglas Gollin Leverhulme Early Career Fellow Kristine Briones Professor of Development Economics Kate Pincock Research Analyst, Young Lives Nandini Gooptu Research Officer, The Global Governed, RSC Stefano Caria Associate Professor of South Asian Studies Natalie Quinn* Departmental Lecturer in Development Dan Hodgkinson* Economics Senior Research Officer, OPHI Departmental Lecturer in Development Studies Imane Chaara** Elizabeth Rahman** Padmini Iyer** Departmental Lecturer in Development ESRC GCRF Fellow Education Research Officer, Young Lives Economics Laura Rival Grace Chang Dominique Jolivet Associate Professor of Anthropology Research Analyst, Young Lives Research Assistant, EUMAGINE Project, IMI and Development 44 OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ANNUAL REPORT 2018
Anne-Line Rodriguez* Bianca Blum* Bryony Varnam* Early Career Fellow in Refugee and Forced Project Coordinator, CSIA (maternity cover) ERC Project Administrator Migration Studies Matthew Brack COMMUNICATIONS, Jack Rossiter* Administrator and Project Coordinator, OPHI Education Research Officer, Young Lives PUBLICITY, AND Sue Chen Indrajit Roy** Accounts Assistant OUTREACH STAFF ESRC Future Research Leader Anastasia Bow-Bertrand* Humaira Erfan-Ahmed* Communications Manager, Young Lives Diego Sanchez-Ancochea Postgraduate Courses Coordinator Professor of the Political Economy of Jo Boyce Sue Garrett Development Assistant to the Head of Department Communications & Alumni Relations Officer Tom Scott-Smith Wendy Grist Marion Couldrey Associate Professor of Refugee Studies and ODID Finance Officer Forced Migration Review Co-Editor, RSC Forced Migration Cristina Hernandez* Rosaleen Cunningham** Anne Solon Finance and Contracts Administrator, OPHI Communications Manager, Young Lives Data Manager, Young Lives Victoria Hudson* Paul Dornan Olivier Sterck Deputy Administrator Senior Policy Officer, Young Lives Junior Research Fellow in the Economics of Forced Migration Felicity Leary Sharon Ellis Forced Migration Review Assistant, RSC Nikita Sud Centre Manager, RSC Associate Professor of Development Studies Gary Jones Heidi Fletcher Caretaker Web Manager, OPHI Miles Blessing Tendi** Departmental Lecturer in African History and Ingrid Jooren Katherine Ford* Politics Administrative Coordinator, Young Lives Policy Officer, Young Lives Patrick Thewlis Marina Kujic Henry Gibbon** Research Officer, CSIA Administrative Secretary Research Communications Officer, OPHI Evangelina (Lilian) Tsourdi* Amy Lee** Tamsin Kelk Departmental Lecturer in International Human Finance Officer, Young Lives Communications and Information Coordinator, Rights and Refugee Law RSC Laurence Medley Susanne Verheul* Accounts Officer, RSC Rebeca Kritsch* Leverhulme Early Career Research Fellow Media and Communications Manager, OPHI Rachel Miller Leila Vignal** Graduate Student Coordinator Sophie McIntyre* Marie Curie Fellow, RSC Part-time Digital Communications Assistant, Hamayun Minhas Young Lives Christopher Woodruff ICT Officer Professor of Development Economics Jenny Peebles Corinne Mitchell* Forced Migration Review Co-Editor, RSC Natascha Zaun** Policy and Research Manager, OPHI Junior Research Fellow in Global Refugee Policy Susanna Power Katerina Nordin Events and International Summer School Project Coordinator, CSIA (on maternity leave) Coordinator SUPPORT STAFF Nora Novak Maureen Schoenfeld Postgraduate Courses Coordinator Isabelle Aires* Forced Migration Review Promotion & Finance Project Coordinator, Refugee Economies, RSC Penny Rogers Assistant, RSC Receptionist Jane Ashford Jayne Whiffin HR Assistant Lindsay Rudge Editorial Assistant, Oxford Development Studies Head of Administration Hazel Ashurst Frances Winter** Part-time Data Coordinator, Young Lives Emma Rundall Policy Officer (Gender and Youth), Young Lives Research Coordinator Dominique Attala Graduate Student Administrator Nicola Shepard Postgraduate Courses Coordinator Eliya Beachy *Joined during 2017/18 Events and Administrative Assistant, Refugee Andrea Smith Studies Centre Postgraduate Courses Coordinator **Left during 2017/18 PEOPLE 45
VISITORS OXFORD ASSOCIATES ODID welcomes scholars from abroad or Our Oxford Associates are colleagues with Oxford University academic from elsewhere in the UK who wish to appointments or similar positions in colleges who work on development and pursue research at Oxford in the area of have research and/or teaching links with ODID: development studies. Visiting scholars work on their own projects while at Christopher Allsopp Sneha Krishnan Oxford and have the opportunity to New College St John’s College attend and participate in a wide variety Sudhir Anand Neil MacFarlane of lectures and seminars across the St Catherine’s College Department of Politics and International Relations University. Their research will fall broadly William Beinart Matthew McCartney within the research categories covered St Antony’s College School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies by the department; our research groups encourage affiliations with academics Nancy Bermeo David Mills working in their particular fields. Department of Politics and International Relations Department of Education The following academics visited the Christopher Davis Rana Mitter department in 2017/18: Wolfson College Department of Politics and International Relations David Gellner Rachel Murphy Qun Bao, China (TMCD) Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies Felix Bender, Germany (RSC) Ian Goldin Emma Plugge Ihsan Cetin, Turkey (IMI) Oxford Martin School Nuffield Department of Medicine Roger Goodman David Pratten Daniel Ghezelbash, Australia (RSC) St Antony’s College African Studies Centre Ayat Hamdan, Palestine (RSC) Sarah Harper Steve Rayner Juan Iglesias, Spain (ODID) Oxford Institute of Population Ageing Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology Pegram Harrison Isabel Ruiz Niro Kandasamy, USA (RSC) Said Business School Harris Manchester College Jana Kuhnt, Germany (RSC) Mark Harrison Mari Sako Angele Mendy, Senegal (IMI) Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine Said Business School Renee Hirschon Stanley Ulijaszek Jacqueline Mosselson Ardizzone, St Peter’s College Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology UK/USA (RSC) Elisabeth Hsu Nicholas Van Hear Emilie Mortensen, Denmark (RSC) Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology Centre on Migration, Polcy and Society Ashvina Patel, USA (RSC) Andrew Hurrell Laurence Whitehead Department of Politics and International Relations Nuffield College Marcello Perez-Alvarez, Nicaragua (Young Lives) David Johnson Ngaire Woods Department of Education Blavatnik School of Government Fernando Pinto Hernandez, Spain (ODID)
Maria Santos, Argentina (OPHI)
Lili Song, China (RSC)
Kacana Sipangule, Zambia (ODID)
Mohammad Tarikul Islam, Turkey (ODID)
Ivan Ureta, Spain (IMI)
Xiaoqiang Xing, China (TMCD)
Saja al Zoubi, Syria (ODID) OXFORD DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Queen Elizabeth House University of Oxford 3 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TB, UK +44 1865 281800
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Cover photo: Queueing to fetch water, Kalokol’s wells, Turkana, Kenya. Credit: Greta Semplici, DPhil in International Development Above picture: The original architect’s drawing for the house at 3 Mansfield Road.Credit: The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. Ref: GE 17D