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Partai Politik Dan Kaderisasi

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Partai Politik Dan Kaderisasi PARTAI POLITIK DAN KADERISASI (Fenomena Pengusungan Kandidat Non Partai Politik Pada Pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017) Skripsi Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Oleh: Linda Pratiwi 1111112000090 PROGRAM STUDI ILMU POLITIK FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2017 . - -f i+,!Gt*:. YF-:-..t: _ r_: I , i I I i. I I I I LEMBAR PERNTYATAAFI BEBAS PLAGIARISME Skripsi yang berjudul: PARTAI POLfIIK DAN KADERISASI (Fenomena Pengusungan Kandidat Non Piltai PolitikPada Pilkada DKI Jakarta 20\7) 1. Merupakan karya asli saya ymg diajukan unhrk meme,lruhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh gelar Strata I di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2. Semua sumber yang saya gunakan dalam pe,lrulisan ini telah saya cantumkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIhI) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta J. Jika dikemudian hari terbukti bahwa karya saya ini bukan hasil karya asli saya atau merupakan hasil jiplakan dari karya orang tain, maka saya bersedia menerrima smksi yang berlaku di Universitas Islm Negeri Gl[\i) Syrif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 10 Juni 2017 LindaPratiwi I PERSETUruAN PEMBIMBING SKRIPSI Dengan ini, Perrbimbing Skripsi menyatakan batrwa matrasiswa: Nama : LindaPratiwi NIM :1111112000090 Program Studi : Ilmu Politik Telah menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi dengan judul: PARTAI POLITIK DAN KADERISASI (FENOMENA PENGUSUNGAN KANDIDAT NON PARTAI POLITIK PADA PTLKADA DKr JAKARTA 2017) Telah diuji pada tanggal 20 Juni 2017 Tangerang,20 htnt2017 Mengetatrui, Menyetujui, Ketua Program Studi ,-7fu^ ( Dr. Iding Rosyidin, M.Si Idris Thaha, M.Si NIP: 19701013 200501 1 003 NIP: 19660gO320011?l OOt PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN SKRIPSI SKRIPSI PARTAI POLITIK DAN KADERISASI (Fenomena Pengusungan Kandidat Non Partai Politik Pada Pilkada DKI Jakarta 2Ol7) Linda Pratiwi 1111112000090 Telah dipertatrankan dalam sidang ujian skripsi di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada tanggal 20 Jurd 2017 . Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sosial (S. Sos) pada Program Studi Ilmu Politik. Ketua Prograrn Studi, etaris Program Studi, Vfrr Dr. Iding Rosyidin Hasan, M.Si Suryani, M.Si NIP. 19701013 200501 I 003 NrP. 19770424 2007 tA 2 003 Penguji l, Penguji II, Dr. AgusNugraha, M.A Ana NrP. 19720412 200312 I 002 NIP. Diterima dan dinyatakan memenuhi syarat kelulusan pada tanggal20 Junt20L7 Ketua Program Studi Ilmu Politik Dr. Iding Rosyidin, M.Si NIP. r9701013 200501 1 03 ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas tentang pola kaderisasi dalam fenomena pengusungan kandidat non partai politik pada pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola kaderisasi dalam tubuh partai pengusung sehingga partai sebagian besar lebih mengusung kandidat non partai politik daripada kader partai politiknya pada pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara. Penulis menemukan bahwa pada pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017, partai politik mengikutsertakan kandidat yang sebagian besar berasal dari non partai politik. Pasangan calon Agus-Silvy berlatar belakang anggota TNI-Deputi Gubernur, pasangan calon Basuki-Djarot berlatar belakang petahana-kader, dan pasangan calon Anies-Sandi berlatar belakang tokoh pendidikan-pengusaha. Melihat latar belakang para kandidat tersebut, mengindikasikan adanya kegagalan kaderisasi calon pemimpin dalam tubuh partai pengusung. Argumen ini dirumuskan melalui pembahasan mengenai koalisi partai pengusung kandidat pada pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017, dan dijelaskan dengan menggunakan kerangka teoritis. Kerangka teoritis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah partai politik dan kaderisasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan kedua teori tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa problem kaderisasi partai politik pada pilkada DKI Jakarta 2017 adalah pola kaderisasi untuk menyiapkan kader partai dalam bursa pencalonan gubernur dan wakil gubernur DKI Jakarta di tubuh partai politik pengusung tidak di prioritaskan. Kolisi partai pengusung pasangan Agus-Silvy cenderung merekrut secara tertutup dengan mengusung Agus yang merupakan anak dari salah satu pendiri partai pengusung utama dalam koalisi partai pengusung Agus Silvy yakni partai Demokrat. Lalu salah satu partai pengusung utama dalam koalisi partai pengusung Basuki-Djarot yakni PDI Perjuangan melakukan rekrutmen calon kepala daerah dengan sistem terbuka dan hasil dari sistem tersebut terpilihlah Basuki-Djarot. Koalisi partai pengusung Anies-Sandi pun melakukan rekrutmen dengan sistem terbuka. Kepopuleran mereka membuat partai lebih mengutamakannya ketimbang kader partai. Akibatnya kader-kader yang berkualitas semakin berkurang. Partai hanya disibukkan dengan bagaimana mendapat suara banyak agar memenangkan pilkada, serta memperkenalkan keberadaan aktor-aktor politik senior untuk pemilihan presiden mendatang. Kata Kunci: Partai politik, kaderisasi, kandidat non partai politik, pilkada i KATA PENGANTAR Segenap puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT yang telah memberikan kesehatan, ilmu dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulisan skripsi ini dilakukan dengan sungguh-sunggguh guna mencapai kesempurnaan. Tetapi penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih jauh dari kata sempurna. Oleh karena itu, kritik dan saran sangat diharapkan guna membantu dalam proses penyempurnaan skripsi ini. Dalam proses penulisan skripsi dari awal sampai akhir, penulis menyadari bahwa sepenuhnya penulis mendapatkan bantuan berupa bimbingan, dukungan dan motivasi dari berbagai pihak. Dalam kesempatan ini izinkan penulis menyampaikan rasa terima kasih kepada: 1. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Prof.Dr. Zulkifli, MA beserta seluruh jajarannya, atas pengajaran dan pelayanannya selama penulis menuntut ilmu di universitas. 2. Dr. Iding Rosyidin, M,Si selaku Ketua Program Studi Ilmu Politik, dan Suryani, M,Si. selaku Sekertaris Program Studi Ilmu Politik. 3. Idris Thaha M,Si selaku pembimbing yang telah membimbing, mengarahkan, meluangkan waktu dalam proses pengerjaan skripsi ini sehingga dapat diselesaikan. 4. Informan yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktu dan tenaga untuk diwawancarai. ii 5. Kedua orang tuaku Bapak Sukirman dan Ibu Orsih atas doa yang tiada henti mereka panjatkan. Juga kepada kakakku Nana Sehuna dan Mahmudin serta adikku Azis yng telah memberi dukungan dalam menyelesaikan kuliah ini. 6. Untuk teman-teman Prodi Ilmu Politik angkatan 2011, Intan Permatasari, Nita, Riska, Wiki, Azim, Fedulloh dan lainnya yang tidak dapat saya sebutkan satu per satu. 7. Teman-teman kosan kaffah tercinta Tuti, Huda, Raisa, Ila dan Fatimah yang selalu memberikan semangat dan membantu penulis dalam kuliah dan pengerjaan skripsi ini. 8. Teman-teman Prodi Ilmu Politik se-perjuangan Denayu, Ica, Resti, Hatta, Diah, dan Erika. Tangerang, 30 Mei 2017 Linda Pratiwi iii DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK ..... ....................................................................................................v KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................... vi BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Pernyataan Masalah ..................................................................................... 1 B. Pertanyaan Masalah ..................................................................................... 6 C. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................... 6 D. Tinjauan Pustaka .......................................................................................... 7 E. Metode Penelitian ........................................................................................ 9 F. Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................ 11 BAB II KERANGKA TEORI A. Teori Partai Politik ..................................................................................... 13 A.1. Pengertian Partai Politik ..................................................................... 13 A.2 Fungsi dan Peran Partai Politik ........................................................... 15 A.3 Bentuk-Bentuk Partai Politik ............................................................. 17 A.4 Perlembagaan Partai Politik ............................................................... 18 B. Teori Kaderisasi ......................................................................................... 19 B.1. Definisi Kaderisasi ............................................................................. 19 B.2. Sumber-Sumber Rekrutmen dan Kaderisasi ...................................... 21 B.3. Proses Penjaringan Bakal Calon Kepala Daerah ................................ 22 B.4. Sistem Kaderisasi Calon Kepala Daerah ............................................ 22 BAB III KOALISI PARTAI PENGUSUNG KANDIDAT PADA PILKADA DKI JAKARTA 2017 A. Koalisi Partai Pengusung Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono-Sylviana Murni ... 25 B. Koalisi Partai Pengusung Basuki Tjahaja Purnama-Djarot Saiful Hidayat ... .................................................................................................................... 29 iv C. Koalisi Partai Pengusung Anies Rasyid Baswedan-Sandiaga Salahudin Uno ............................................................................................................... .…33 BAB IV PROBLEM KADERISASI PARTAI POLITIK PADA PILKADA DKI JAKARTA 2017 A. Analisa Kaderisasi non Partai Politik........................................................
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