A Thin International Magazine from Turkey
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1. Açlık (Knut Hamsun) 2. Aganta Burina Burinata (Halikarnas Balıkçısı) 3
Roman 1. Açlık (Knut Hamsun) 2. Aganta Burina Burinata (Halikarnas Balıkçısı) 3. Akdeniz (Panait Istrati) 4. Ayaşlı ile Kiracıları (Memduh Şevket Esendal) 5. Babalar ve Oğullar (Turgenyev) 6. Beyaz Diş (Jack London) 7. Beyaz Gemi (Cengiz Aytmatov) 8. Bir Bilim Adamının Romanı (Oğuz Atay) 9. Cemo (Kemal Bilbaşar) 10. Çalıkuşu (Reşat Nuri Güntekin) 11. Çanlar Kimin İçin Çalıyor (Ernest Hemingway) 12. Derviş ve Ölüm (Mehmet Selimoviç) 13. Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu (Peyami Safa) 14. Don Kişot (Cervantes) 15. Drina Köprüsü (İvo Andriç) 16. Drina’da Son Gün (Faik Baysal) 17. Esir Şehrin İnsanları (Kemal Tahir) 18. Eskicinin Oğulları (Orhan Kemal) 19. Fareler ve İnsanlar (John Steinbeck) 20. Fatih-Harbiye (Peyami Safa) 21. Gora (Rabindranath Tagore) 22. Gün Olur Asra Bedel (Cengiz Aytmatov) 23. İbrahim Efendi Konağı (Samiha Ayverdi) 24. İki Şehrin Hikayesi (Charles Dickens) 25. Kalpaklılar (Samim Kocagöz) 26. Kaplumbağalar (roman) (Fakir Baykurt) 27. Karartma Geceleri (Rıfat Ilgaz) 28. Kayıp Aranıyor (roman) (Sait Faik Abasıyanık) 29. Kiralık Konak (Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu) 30. Kuyruklu Yıldız Altında Bir İzdivaç (Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar) 31. Kuyucaklı Yusuf (Sabahattin Ali) 32. Küçük Ağa (Tarık Buğra) 33. Madame Bovary (Flaubert) 34. Mai ve Siyah (Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil) 35. Mor Salkımlı Ev (Halide Edib Adıvar) 36. Onlar da İnsandı (Cengiz Dağcı) 37. Ölü Canlar (Gogol) 38. Robinson Crusoe (Daniel Defoe) 39. Sahnenin Dışındakiler (Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar) 40. Savaş ve Barış (Tolstoy) 41. Sefiller (Victor Hugo) 42. Sergüzeşt (Samipaşazade Sezai) 43. Ses ve Öfke (William Faulkner) 44. Sinekli Bakkal (Halide Edib Adıvar) 45. Sokakta (Bahattin Özkişi) 46. Suç ve Ceza (Dostoyevski) 47. Tütün Zamanı (roman) (Necati Cumalı) 48. Vadideki Zambak (Balzac) 49. -
Migrants & City-Making
MIGRANTS & CITY-MAKING This page intentionally left blank MIGRANTS & CITY-MAKING Dispossession, Displacement, and Urban Regeneration Ayşe Çağlar and Nina Glick Schiller Duke University Press • Durham and London • 2018 © 2018 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Typeset in Minion and Trade Gothic type by BW&A Books, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Çaglar, Ayse, author. | Schiller, Nina Glick, author. Title: Migrants and city-making : multiscalar perspectives on dispossession / Ayse Çaglar and Nina Glick Schiller. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2018004045 (print) | lccn 2018008084 (ebook) | isbn 9780822372011 (ebook) | isbn 9780822370444 (hardcover : alk. paper) | isbn 9780822370567 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: lcsh : Emigration and immigration—Social aspects. | Immigrants—Turkey—Mardin. | Immigrants— New Hampshire—Manchester. | Immigrants—Germany— Halle an der Saale. | City planning—Turkey—Mardin. | City planning—New Hampshire—Manchester. | City planning—Germany—Halle an der Saale. Classification: lcc jv6225 (ebook) | lcc jv6225 .S564 2018 (print) | ddc 305.9/06912091732—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018004045 Cover art: Multimedia Center, Halle Saale. Photo: Alexander Schieberle, www.alexschieberle.de To our mothers and fathers, Sitare and Adnan Şimşek and Evelyn and Morris Barnett, who understood the importance of having daughters who -
The Transcultural Critic: Sabahattin Ali and Beyond
m Mittelpunkt dieses Bandes steht das Werk des türkischen Autors und Übersetzers aus dem Deutschen Sabahattin Ali, der mit seinem Roman KürkI Mantolu Madonna (Die Madonna im Pelzmantel) zu posthumem Ruhm gelangte. Der Roman, der zum Großteil in Deutschland spielt, und andere seiner Werke werden unter Aspekten der Weltliteratur, (kultureller) Übersetzung und Intertextualität diskutiert. Damit reicht der Fokus weit über die bislang im Vordergrund stehende interkulturelle Liebesgeschichte 2016 Türkisch-Deutsche Studien in der Madonna hinaus. Weitere Beiträge beschäftigen sich mit Zafer Şenocaks Essaysammlung Jahrbuch 2016 Deutschsein und dem transkulturellen Lernen mit Bilderbüchern. Ein Interview mit Selim Özdoğan rundet diese Ausgabe ab. The Transcultural Critic: Sabahattin Ali and Beyond herausgegeben von Şeyda Ozil, Michael Hofmann, Jens-Peter Laut, Yasemin Dayıoğlu-Yücel, Cornelia Zierau und Kristin Dickinson Türkisch-deutsche Studien. Jahrbuch ISBN: 978-3-86395-297-6 Universitätsverlag Göttingen ISSN: 2198-5286 Universitätsverlag Göttingen Şeyda Ozil, Michael Hofmann, Jens-Peter Laut, Yasemin Dayıoğlu-Yücel, Cornelia Zierau, Kristin Dickinson (Hg.) The Transcultural Critic: Sabahattin Ali and Beyond This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Türkisch-deutsche Studien. Jahrbuch 2016 erschienen im Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2017 The Transcultural Critic: Sabahattin Ali and Beyond Herausgegeben von Şeyda Ozil, Michael Hofmann, Jens-Peter Laut, Yasemin Dayıoğlu-Yücel, Cornelia Zierau und Kristin Dickinson in Zusammenarbeit mit Didem Uca Türkisch-deutsche Studien. Jahrbuch 2016 Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2017 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.dnb.de> abrufbar. Türkisch-deutsche Studien. Jahrbuch herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. -
Cultural Educational Social
CULTURAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIAL Established 1964 Publication of the Assyrian Foundation of America Volume 43, Number 4, 2019 Books Contents 4 The Lazarists and Daughters of 21 A Son’s Loving Tribute... ComprendreComprendre le M leoyen- Moyen-OrientOrient ClaireClaire Weibel Weibel Yacoub Yacoub La France et les CollectionCollection dirigée dirigée par J.-P. par ChagnollaudJ.-P. Chagnollaud Jonathon Malek QUELLEQUELLE CITOYENNETÉ CITOYENNETÉ LA LAFRANCE FRANCE ET ETLES LES ASSYRO-CHALDÉENS ASSYRO-CHALDÉENS Charity among the Assyro-Chaldeans DANSDANS LES LESCAMPS CAMPS DE RÉFUGIÉSDE RÉFUGIÉS ? ? Qu’enQu’en dit ditla pressela presse ? ? ParmiParmi les Chrétiens les Chrétiens d’Orient, d’Orient, les Arméniens les Arméniens sont sontdevenus devenus familiers familiers Abdulmesih BarAbraham, MSc. Assyro-Chaldéens Les palestiniensLes palestiniens au Liban au Liban aux médiasaux médias et à l’opinionet à l’opinion publique publique française. française. Mais Mais qu’en qu’en est-il est-il des des LALA FRANCEFRANCE Assyro-ChaldéensAssyro-Chaldéens ? Les ?connaît-on Les connaît-on vraiment vraiment ? Sont-ils ? Sont-ils les oubliés les oubliés de de Claire Yacoub Weibel la grandela grande histoire histoire ? ? Claire Yacoub Weibel ETET LES LES ASSYRO-CHALDÉENS ASSYRO-CHALDÉENS Il est unIl est fait un que fait la que presse la presse française, française, toutes toutes tendances tendances confondues, confondues, a parléa parlédes Assyro-Chaldéens,des Assyro-Chaldéens, ces Syro-Mésopotamiens,ces Syro-Mésopotamiens, chrétiens chrétiens 22 Letter from the Assyrian depuisdepuis deux deuxmille milleans. ans. e e Qu’en dit la presse ? Qu’en dit la presse? Dès leDès xix le xixsiècle, siècle, elle répercuteelle répercute abondamment abondamment les récitsles récits des des Qu’en dit la presse ? explorateursexplorateurs et les et événements,les événements, souvent souvent tragiques, tragiques, qui quitouchent touchent les Assyro-Chaldéensles Assyro-Chaldéens aux confinsaux confins des empiresdes empires ottoman ottoman et persan.et persan. -
Turkish Literature from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Turkish Literature
Turkish literature From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Turkish literature By category Epic tradition Orhon Dede Korkut Köroğlu Folk tradition Folk literature Folklore Ottoman era Poetry Prose Republican era Poetry Prose V T E A page from the Dîvân-ı Fuzûlî, the collected poems of the 16th-century Azerbaijanipoet Fuzûlî. Turkish literature (Turkish: Türk edebiyatı or Türk yazını) comprises both oral compositions and written texts in the Turkish language, either in its Ottoman form or in less exclusively literary forms, such as that spoken in the Republic of Turkey today. The Ottoman Turkish language, which forms the basis of much of the written corpus, was influenced by Persian and Arabic and used the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. The history of the broader Turkic literature spans a period of nearly 1,300 years. The oldest extant records of written Turkic are the Orhon inscriptions, found in the Orhon River valley in central Mongolia and dating to the 7th century. Subsequent to this period, between the 9th and 11th centuries, there arose among the nomadic Turkic peoples of Central Asia a tradition of oral epics, such as the Book of Dede Korkut of the Oghuz Turks—the linguistic and cultural ancestors of the modern Turkish people—and the Manas epic of the Kyrgyz people. Beginning with the victory of the Seljuks at the Battle of Manzikert in the late 11th century, the Oghuz Turks began to settle in Anatolia, and in addition to the earlier oral traditions there arose a written literary tradition issuing largely—in terms of themes, genres, and styles— from Arabic and Persian literature. -
The Syrian Orthodox Church and Its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, I-Iii (Rome, 2001)
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 5:1, 63-112 © 2002 by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute SOME BASIC ANNOTATION TO THE HIDDEN PEARL: THE SYRIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND ITS ANCIENT ARAMAIC HERITAGE, I-III (ROME, 2001) SEBASTIAN P. BROCK UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD [1] The three volumes, entitled The Hidden Pearl. The Syrian Orthodox Church and its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, published by TransWorld Film Italia in 2001, were commisioned to accompany three documentaries. The connecting thread throughout the three millennia that are covered is the Aramaic language with its various dialects, though the emphasis is always on the users of the language, rather than the language itself. Since the documentaries were commissioned by the Syrian Orthodox community, part of the third volume focuses on developments specific to them, but elsewhere the aim has been to be inclusive, not only of the other Syriac Churches, but also of other communities using Aramaic, both in the past and, to some extent at least, in the present. [2] The volumes were written with a non-specialist audience in mind and so there are no footnotes; since, however, some of the inscriptions and manuscripts etc. which are referred to may not always be readily identifiable to scholars, the opportunity has been taken to benefit from the hospitality of Hugoye in order to provide some basic annotation, in addition to the section “For Further Reading” at the end of each volume. Needless to say, in providing this annotation no attempt has been made to provide a proper 63 64 Sebastian P. Brock bibliography to all the different topics covered; rather, the aim is simply to provide specific references for some of the more obscure items. -
Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.Long.T65
Cambridge University Press 0521667380 - An Introduction to the Christian Orthodox Churches John Binns Index More information Index Abgar the Black, king of Edessa, 98, 144 Anba Bishoy, monastery, 112 Abraham of Kashkar, 117, 149 Andrassy, Julius, 182 abu ’Ali Mansur al-Hakim, 174 Andreah, Patriarch of Antioch, 219 abu Ja’far al-Mansur, 174 Andrew of Crete, 51, 117 Acacius, Patriarch of Constantinople, 205 Andrew, St, Biblical Theology Institute, Aedesius, of Ethiopia, 145–6 Moscow, 248 Afanas’ev, Nikolai, 42 Andronicus I, Byzantine emperor, 165 Ahmed ibn Ibrahim el-Ghazi or Granj, 34 Anna Comnena, Byzantine empress, 74 Aimilianos, of Simonopetra, 243 Anselm of Canterbury, 206, 209 Akoimetoi, monastery of, 117 Anthimus, Patriarch of Constantinople, 5 Aksentejevi´c,Pavle, 105 Antioch, 1–3, 9, 14–15, 40, 43–4, 143, Alaska, 152, 154–6 148, 203, 207, 220 Albania, Church in, 17, 157, 159 Antonii Khrapovitskii, 25 Alexander, prince of Bulgaria, 183 Antony of Egypt, 108–10, 114, 119 Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, 154 Antony Bloom, Metropolitan of Sourozh, Alexander Paulus, Metropolitan of 234 Estonia, 187 Aphrahat, ‘Persian sage’, 49 Alexandria, 14, 43, 63, 71–2, 115, 144, Aquinas, Thomas, 91 146–7, 158, 169 Arabs, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 28, 33, 66, 70, 169, Alexis II, Patriarch of Moscow, 105, 238 173, 176, 190, 204; Arab Christianity, Alexius I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor, 15, 55, 79, 146–7, 172 206–7 Armenia, Church in, 30–1, 145, 190, Alexius IV, Byzantine emperor, 207 192, 219 Alexius V, Byzantine emperor, 207 Arseniev, N., 225 al-Harith, 147 Arsenius, -
1.Sınıf AKTS Bilgileri
Dersin Dönemi: 1. Yarıyıl Dersin Kodu Dersin Adı T U K AKTS OZ101 Türk Dili I 2 0 2 2 Ders İçeriği: Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı ile ilgili konular DERS BİLGİLERİ Ders Adı Kodu Yarıyıl T+U Kredi AKTS Saat Türk Dili I OZ101 1 2+0 2 2 Ön Koşul Dersleri - Dersin Dili Türkçe Dersin Seviyesi Lisans Dersin Türü Zorunlu Dersin Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Koordinatörü Dersi Verenler Dr. Öğr Dersin Yok Yardımcıları Bu dersin amacı öğrencilerin ana dilleri Türkçeyi düzgün ve kurallarına uygun olarak sözlü ve yazılı ifadede en etkin bir biçimde kullanmasına yardımcı olmaktır. Dil bilinci kazandırmanın yanı sıra ders, öğrencilere Dersin Amacı Türk edebiyatı hakkında bilgi vermeyi; edebi türlerden örneklerle öğrencinin metin analizi yapma, yorumlama ve eleştirel düşünme becerisini geliştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Dersin İçeriği Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı ile ilgili konular Dersin Öğrenme Çıktıları DERS İÇERİĞİ Hafta Konular Ön Hazırlık Dil Hakkında Genel Bilgi Dil nedir, dilin doğuşu, dil ve 1 iletişim, dil ve düşünce, dil ve toplum, dil ve kültür. 2 Dil Bilgisi Ses Bilgisi 3 Dil Bilgisi Yazım Kuralları 4 Dil Bilgisi Noktalama İşaretleri 5 Dil Bilgisi Anlatım Bozuklukları Türkçe Kültürü “Türkçe Üzerine”, Alev Alatlı 6 “Değişen Türkçemiz” “Türkçe Sorunu”, Murat Belge Türkçe Kültürü “Türkçenin Geleceği”, Hayati Develi “Türkçenin Güncel Sorunları”, Prof. Dr. Cahit 7 KAVCAR “Türkçenin Güncel Sorunları”, Prof. Dr. Şükrü Haluk Akalın 8 ARA SINAV Hikâye Kültürü “Pandomima”, Sami Paşazade Sezai “Ecir ve Sabır”, Hüseyin 9 Rahmi Gürpınar “Ferhunde Kalfa”, Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil Hikâye -
Events of 2013
Europe Katalin Halász and Nurçan Kaya Europe Paul Iganski AZERBAIJAN AZER. ARMENIA GEORGIA RUSSIA SEA TURKEY K CYPRUS ICELAND AC BL UKRAINE VA MOLDO BELARUS ATL ANTIC FINLAND BULGARIA TVIA ROMANIA ANEAN SEA LA FINLAND OCEAN ESTONIA NORWAY GREECE LITHUANIA ovo SWEDEN MACEDONIA SERBIA MONTENEGRO AKIA RUSSIA Kos OV POLAND ESTONIA SL ALBANIA Kaliningrad (Rus.) HUNGARY BOSNIA AND HERZE. LATVIA MEDITERR SWEDEN IRELAND DENMARK CROATIA UNITED ITALY CZECH REP. LITHUANIA KINGDOM AUSTRIA AY KaliningradSLOVENIA (Rus.) NORW BELARUS LIECH. NETHERLANDS SAN MARINO GERMANY DENMARK GERMANY POLAND BELGIUM LUXEMBOURG LUXEMBOURG MONACO UKRAINE CZECH REP.SWITZERLAND BELGIUM SLOVAKIA NETHERLANDS LIECH. MOLDOVA FRANCE SWITZERLAND AUSTRIA HUNGARY FRANCE SLOVENIA ANDORRA UNITED ROMANIA KINGDOM CROATIA BOSNIA GEORGIA ANDORRA SAN MARINO SERBIA PORTUGAL AND HERZE. BLACK SEA MONACO MONTENEGRO AZERBAIJAN ICELAND IRELAND Kosovo SPAIN BULGARIA ARMENIA MACEDONIASPAIN ANTIC AZER. ITALY ALBANIA L TURKEY OCEAN GREECE AT PORTUGAL CYPRUS MEDITERRANEAN SEA n November 2013, in her opening speech considerable anti-migrant and generalized anti- at the European Union Fundamental ‘foreigner’ sentiment across the region. I Rights Agency (FRA) conference on The internet and social media have provided Combating Hate Crime in the EU, Cecilia new opportunities for venting such sentiment. Malmström, the Commissioner of the European Individuals from minority communities who step Commission in charge of Home Affairs, into the public eye in politics, media and sport, expressed concern about the ‘mounting wave have provided new targets for hate through social of harassment and violence targeting asylum media. Between 2012 and 2014 the Council of seekers, immigrants, ethnic minorities and Europe is engaged in a major initiative against sexual minorities in many European countries’. -
Faculty of Humanities
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES The Faculty of Humanities was founded in 1993 due to the restoration with the provision of law legal decision numbered 496. It is the first faculty of the country with the name of The Faculty of Humanities after 1982. The Faculty started its education with the departments of History, Sociology, Art History and Classical Archaeology. In the first two years it provided education to extern and intern students. In the academic year of 1998-1999, the Department of Art History and Archaeology were divided into two separate departments as Department of Art History and Department of Archaeology. Then, the Department of Turkish Language and Literature was founded in the academic year of 1999-2000 , the Department of Philosophy was founded in the academic year of 2007-2008 and the Department of Russian Language and Literature was founded in the academic year of 2010- 2011. English prep school is optional for all our departments. Our faculty had been established on 5962 m2 area and serving in a building which is supplied with new and technological equipments in Yunusemre Campus. In our departments many research enhancement projects and Archaeology and Art History excavations that students take place are carried on which are supported by TÜBİTAK, University Searching Fund and Ministry of Culture. Dean : Vice Dean : Prof. Dr. Feriştah ALANYALI Vice Dean : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Erkan İZNİK Secretary of Faculty : Murat TÜRKYILMAZ STAFF Professors: Feriştah ALANYALI, H. Sabri ALANYALI, Erol ALTINSAPAN, Muzaffer DOĞAN, İhsan GÜNEŞ, Bilhan -
Syriac Chant and the Limits of Modality Sarah Bakker Kellogg San Francisco State University
Yale Journal of Music & Religion Volume 4 | Number 2 Article 8 2018 Syriac Chant and the Limits of Modality Sarah Bakker Kellogg San Francisco State University Follow this and additional works at: https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/yjmr Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Ethnomusicology Commons, History of Christianity Commons, Liturgy and Worship Commons, Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Bakker Kellogg, Sarah (2018) "Syriac Chant and the Limits of Modality," Yale Journal of Music & Religion: Vol. 4: No. 2, Article 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17132/2377-231X.1124 This Review is brought to you for free and open access by EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in Yale Journal of Music & Religion by an authorized editor of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sense and Sadness: Syriac Chant in Aleppo, by Tala undertaking as hers requires not only a Jarjour. Oxford: Oxford University Press, reattunement of scholarly intuitions about 2018. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-190-63525-1. what counts as music and what counts as religion, but also a gritty resourcefulness and In the northern Iraqi town of Bartella, just tenacity as a fieldworker. Sense and Sadness outside of Mosul, a Syriac Orthodox Christian documents the incongruities of sound and priest returns to his church after Iraqi forces incongruities of theory that shape the have retaken the town from the Islamic State. tradition of Syriac chant as it was practiced at As he sifts through the wreckage, salvaging St. -
Ova, Ali Asker-Yüksek Lisans.Pdf
i T.C. ARDAHAN ÜN İVERS İTES İ SOSYAL B İLİMLER ENST İTÜSÜ TÜRK D İLİ VE EDEB İYATI ANAB İLİM DALI GAR İP Şİİ R AKIMI: İLKELER İN Şİİ RE YANSIMASI Ali Asker OVA YÜKSEK L İSANS TEZ İ Ardahan-2016 ii T.C. ARDAHAN ÜN İVERS İTES İ SOSYAL B İLİMLER ENST İTÜSÜ TÜRK D İLİ VE EDEB İYATI ANAB İLİM DALI GAR İP Şİİ R AKIMI: İLKELER İN Şİİ RE YANSIMASI YÜKSEK L İSANS TEZ İ Ali Asker OVA Yrd. Doç. Dr. Vedi A ŞKARO ĞLU Ardahan-2016 i ii iii ÖNSÖZ Tüm süreç boyunca beni bir an olsun yalnız bırakmayan değerli e şim Dr. Fatima Ova'ya; meslek hayatım boyunca bana rehberlik eden ve uzun yıllardır dostlu ğunu esirgemeyen, bu çalı şmada da bana yol gösteren ö ğretmen arkada şım Cafer Yıldırım'a; akademik hayata ilk adımlarımı atarken deste ğini hiçbir zaman esirgemeyen sevgili hocam, a ğabeyim Yrd. Doç. Dr. O ğuz Şim şek'e; yüksek lisans e ğitimim boyunca bana daima yol gösteren Ardahan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sekreteri Selma Akyol'a; bu çalı şmamla beni ı şığa karı ştıran de ğerli danı şman hocam, üstadım Yrd. Doç. Dr. Vedi A şkaro ğlu'na sonsuz te şekkürlerimi sunarım. iv ÖZET İnsan, edebiyatın merkezindeki konumunu tarih sahnesinde kimi zaman kaybetmi ş, kimi zaman da yeniden kazanmı ştır. Edebi akımlar, do ğa, kültür, estetik, bakı ş açısı ve dil gibi pek çok unsura ba ğlı olarak kendilerini tanımlama yoluna gitmi şlerdir. Sanatın ne şekilde algılandı ğı ve eserlerin üretim tarzı genellikle poetika adı verilen bazen açık bir manifesto ile ortaya serimlenen bazen de dolaylı bir biçimse sadece sanatsal üretimlerle kendini ortaya konan ilkelere göre adlandırılır ve geli şimini gösterir.