This review prepares the student for nationally industry recognized assessments.

An introduction to hand is provided in this module. Please follow the specific instructions provided by the manufacturer. I can • Identify and work safely with basic hand tools

I know • The meaning of a . • The purpose and use of , pullers, , , , sockets and ratchets (i.e. tongue and groove pliers)

I understand • Rules and other measuring tools (folding rule), chalk lines and utility knives • Handsaws (compass) • Files, clamps, chain falls and come- alongs • Types of shovels (round) Take Notes

Taking notes helps you concentrate on the subject. Notes form a link between the new knowledge and what you already know. They help you understand because you put ideas into your own words.

Please take notes as you navigate through the material. Review the related technical terms. hand tools What is a hand ?

Hand tools are powered manually. In this section… Hammers Claw Ball Peen Sledgehammer Common types of hammers are: claw, ball peen and sledgehammer Claw Hammer •used to drive nails and to pull nails out of wood Ball Peen Hammer

•designed for nailing rivets, bending and shaping metal Sledgehammer heavy duty tool used to drive posts Tool Tips —Grasp the handle firmly near the end and hit the nail squarely —Don’t use hammers with chipped, mushroomed or damaged heads — material holding the nail before pulling a nail In this section… Ripping Bars Nail Pullers •Keep balanced footing and a firm grip In this section… Punches •Do not use a chisel head that has become mushroomed or flattened In this section… Screwdrivers Nut Drivers • Wear appropriate personal protective equipment • Do not use a near live wires or as an electrical tester In this section… Pliers and Wire Cutters Slip Joint (Combination) Long Nose (Needle Nose) Lineman (Side Cutters) Tongue and Groove (CHANNELLOCK) Locking (Vise-Grip)

There are many types of ordinary pliers

slip joint

linesman

needle-nose Tongue and Groove Pliers (CHANNELLOCK) Used where more pressure and leverage than ordinary pliers can provide is needed  Have serrated teeth tongue and groove In this section… Wrenches Nonadjustable Adjustable •Common types of non adjustable wrenches include: the open end, box end, , striking and combination wrench. Wrench •Common types of adjustable wrenches include: the pipe, spud and adjustable end wrenches.

In this section… Sockets and Ratchets Torque Wrenches Refrigeration Service Wrenches In this section… Sockets and Ratchets Torque Wrenches Refrigeration Service Wrenches Socket (Ratchet) Wrench uses a socket to grip the nut or bolt

Socket (Ratchet) Wrench  internal ratchet keeps the socket in place while the handle is repositioned

Tool Tips —Ensure bolt is proper aligned by

placing one hand torque on head of wrench In this section… Rules and Other Measuring Tools Steel Rule Measuring Tape Wooden Folding Rule Laser Measuring

Wooden Folding Rule  Marked in sixteenths of an inch on both edges  Stiff and can be held straight to measure vertical distances

In this section… Chalklines Utility Knives

Chalkline • Used for marking long and straight lines on flat surfaces • Piece of line or string coated with chalk is stretched between two points and snapped to release a chalky line on the surface Utility Knife • Used for cutting or trimming • Utility knife with retractable blade when unlocked is safest • Surface under the object should be protected In this section… Saws Handsaw Crosscut Ripsaw Saw • used to cut material • common saws are the: backsaw, compass, drywall and hacksaw Compass Saw • Cuts curves in wood, plywood or wallboard

compass saw •Handle saw with care •Sharpen dull blades •Brace yourself on the last stroke to keep balance In this section… Files and Rasps Files and Rasps • Used to cut, smooth or shape metal parts file • Files have slanting rows of teeth

• Rasps have individual rasp teeth •Brush filings after use with a file card In this section… Clamps Clamps • Holds materials and parts in place • Store clamps properly • Discard clamps with bent frames • Clean after use In this section… Chain Falls and Come-Alongs Chain Fall chain fall •Hoisting device used to lift heavy objects Come-Along come-along •Hand operated ratchet lever winch •Inspect before each use •Be careful to not get lubricant on the clutches •Stay clear of loads and pinch points In this section… Shovels Shovel •Used to dig holes •Three basic shapes of blade: round, square, spade • Round blade used to dig holes and remove soil • Square blade used for gravel and clean up • Spade blade used to move large amount of soil or to dig trenches with smooth straight sides

round square spade In this section… Picks Pick • Swinging tool used to break and loosen soil, chop tree roots, and level stones • Inspect tool prior to use for damage to make sure head is secure to handle • Select based on length and weight best suited for user

You can You are now • Identify and work safely with basic hand tools prepared

You know for the • The meaning of a chisel. • The purpose and use of hammers, nail assessment… pullers, screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, sockets and ratchets (i.e. tongue and groove pliers)

You understand • Rules and other measuring tools (folding rule), chalk lines and utility knives • Handsaws (compass) • Files, clamps, chain falls and come- alongs • Types of shovels (round) Good luck!