Displaying Authority: Guns, Political Legitimacy, and Martial Pageantry in Tokugawa Japan, 1600-1868
DISPLAYING AUTHORITY: GUNS, POLITICAL LEGITIMACY, AND MARTIAL PAGEANTRY IN TOKUGAWA JAPAN, 1600-1868. Daniele Lauro A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History Chapel Hill 2012 Approved by: Dr. Morgan Pitelka Dr. William M. Fletcher Dr. Wayne Lee © 2012 Daniele Lauro ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT DANIELE LAURO: Displaying authority: guns, political legitimacy, and martial pageantry in Tokugawa Japan, 1600-1868. (Under the direction of Morgan Pitelka) From the end of the sixteenth century on, firearms in Japan are increasingly found in contexts other than the battlefield. A perusal of the Records of the Tokugawa Family (Tokugawa Jikki) - the military clan that ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868 - reveals, for instance, that guns were often involved in ritual practices performed by the warrior elite, such as weddings, funerals, hunting parades, and celebrations of the New Year. Moreover, it was common for both the shogun and the domainal lords (daimyô) to display firearms and other weapons during public audiences and military parades. By considering different ritual practices that involved the display of military power such as daimyo processions to Edo, shogunal pilgrimages to Nikko, military reviews, large-scale hunts and other pageants, this paper argues that during the Tokugawa period guns were often used by the warrior elite as tools to shore up authority, legitimize the political order, and reinforce ideals of warrior identity. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..1 Chapter I. Local authority on the move: daimyo processions (daimyô gyôretsu) and the system of alternate attendance (sankin kôtai)……………………………….11 II.
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