Poveştile Caselor Tales of Houses Mesélő Házak

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Poveştile Caselor Tales of Houses Mesélő Házak Maria Berényi Poveştile caselor Români în Buda şi în Pesta Tales of houses Romanians in Buda and Pest Mesélő házak Románok Budán és Pesten 1 Publicaţie a Societăţii Culturale a Românilor din Budapesta şi a Institutului de Cercetări al Românilor din Ungaria Published by the Cultural Society of Romanians in Budapest and by the Research Institute of Romanians in Hungary Kiadja a Budapesti Románok Kulturális Társasága és a Magyarországi Románok Kutatóintézete Sub înaltul patronaj al Excelenţei sale Ireny Comaroschi, Ambasador Extraordinar şi Plenipotenţiar al României în Republica Ungară Under the high patronage of Her Excellency, Ireny Comaroschi, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Romania to the Republic of Hungary Fővédnök: Őexcellenciája Ireny Comaroschi, Románia Rendkívüli és Meghatalmazott Magyarországi Nagykövete Redactor / Editor / Szerkesztő: Emilia Martin Lector / Reader / Lektor: Mihaela Bucin, Tiberiu Herdean Traducere / Translation / Fordítás: Vajna Tünde (română / Romanian / román), Ana Scarlat (maghiară/ Hungarian / magyar), Bucin Barna, Vlad Marinescu (engleză / English / angol) Fotografii / Pictures / Fotók: Emilia Martin, Maria Berényi, Szél Zsolt Coperta / Cover / Borító: Emília Nagy Editor responsabil / Responsible of edition / Felelős kiadó: Maria Berényi © Maria Berényi Tehnoredactare / Editing / Nyomdai előkészítés: Kovács Sándor Tiparul / Print and Bookbinding / Nyomás, kötés: Dürer Nyomda Kft., Gyula ISBN: 978-963-08-1267-2 2 Maria Berényi Poveştile caselor Români în Buda şi în Pesta Tales of houses Romanians in Buda and Pest Mesélő házak Románok Budán és Pesten Budapesta – Budapest, 2011 3 4 Cuvânt înainte de poveste Vieţile noastre trecătoare dobândesc trăinicia idealurilor şi a acţiunilor noastre care le împlinesc. Astfel, ne prelungim vieţuirea, ne proiectăm peste timp visele, eforturile, aşteptările, în parte realizate, în parte transmise moştenire generaţiilor viitoare. La temelia neamurilor stau oamenii. Un neam se încheagă din vieţile efervescente trecute, prezente şi viitoare, aflate într-o convieţuire subtilă şi sublimă, ale celor care îşi asumă începuturile, greutăţile parcursului, euforia împlinirilor şi inefabilul idealurilor. Un neam, ca şi un om, depăşeşte derularea cronologică, nu se măsoară în timp, şi nici măcar în spaţiu, ci în infinitezimale transformări şi relaţionări care îl structurează şi îl definesc. Un neam devine mai puternic şi mai bogat la răscrucile interferenţelor cu alte neamuri, pe care istoria i le hărăzeşte. Un neam puternic învaţă generozitatea şi convieţuirea cu alţii, mulţumind destinului şi recunoscându-le celor cu care interferă contribuţia acestora la propria devenire. Sunt fericită să constat faptul că neamul românesc a avut de-a lungul istoriei sale prilejuri nenumă- rate, chiar dacă de foarte multe ori dramatice, de a se raporta la culturi, civilizaţii, forme de organizare statale şi sociale diferite de ale sale, dar, în egală măsură, înţelepciunea de a le prelucra, asimila şi integra, evoluând şi întregindu-şi astfel caracterul şi proiectele în conformitate cu propriile trăsături şi interese. Foreword A nation’s foundation is its people – their ideals and actions, their dreams and expectations, whether achieved during a lifetime or passed along to future generations. People make their nation. A nation is born through those who assume responsibility from the beginning; they live through the inevitable hardships, enjoy the euphoria of their accomplishments, and never let go of their enduring ideals. A nation, as does the individual, defines itself beyond time and space, by the infinitesimal trans- formations and connections that structure and shape it. A nation becomes stronger and richer because of its interactions with others; it learns about generosity and coexistence, and recognizes that it is those interactions that contributed to its ability to become what it is today. Throughout its turbulent history, Romania has had the opportunity – often through dramatic events – to be influenced by other cultures, civilizations, and forms of statehood, and I am proud that Ro- manians time and again welcomed change, adapting and integrating, ultimately developing their own unique culture, one reflective of new influences yet consistent with their heritage. Traditionally, Romanians have valued the Hungarian capital as a significant intellectual and cultural center. Romanians living in Hungary, or coming to Hungary from Romania or the Balkan Peninsula, all benefited from the advancements and opportunities offered by Buda and Pest as a result of their Előszó a meséhez Múlandó életünk elnyeri eszményképeink és tetteink szilárdságát, maradandóságát – miáltal be- teljesül. Létezésünk így folytatódhat. Álmaink átugorják az időt, fáradozásaink, elvárásaink, részben teljesítve, részben örökségként átadva a jövendő generációknak. A nemzetek alapját az emberek képezik. Minden nemzet az elmúlt, a jelenkori és jövőbeli pezsgő életekből áll össze, mint egy kifinomult, összetett és magasztos együttélése mindazon embereknek, akik felvállalják a kezdeteket, a folyamat nehézségeit, a beteljesülések eufóriáját és ideáljaik kimondhatatlanságát. Egy nemzet, akár egy ember, túllép a kronológián. Nem lehet sem időben, sem térben lemérni, csak a végtelenül apró változások- ban és kapcsolatokban, amelyek felépítik és meghatározzák. Egy nemzet erősebbé és gazdagabbá válik más, a történelem által neki rendelt nemzetekkel való kölcsönhatások keresztútján. Egy erős nemzet megtanulja a mások iránti nagylelkűség és másokkal való együttélés művészetét, megköszöni sorsának, és elismeri mindazok hozzájárulását önnön létezésének fejlődéséhez, akiknek kölcsönhatásában része- sült, részesül. Örömmel állapíthatom meg, hogy a román nemzetnek történelme során számtalan alkalma volt – még ha ezek sokszor drámai korszakok is voltak – sajátjától különböző kultúrákhoz, civilizációkhoz, állami és társadalmi berendezkedésekhez vonatkoztatnia önmagát. Bölcsen feldolgozta, magáévá tette 5 Tradiţional, românii s-au raportat la capitala ungară ca la un centru cultural intelectual de prim rang. Aceştia, fie că era vorba despre românii trăitori în Ungaria, cei veniţi din Peninsula Balcanică sau din România, au beneficiat de progresele şi posibilităţile pe care le ofereau Buda şi Pesta pentru creşterea lor culturală, ştiinţifică, economică, socială, religioasă. Ei au constituit o comunitate puternică, strânsă în jurul Bisericii Ortodoxe, cu un rang social recunoscut şi integrată organic timpului său şi societăţii multiculturale, multiconfesionale, multietnice şi cosmopolite caracteristice Ungariei şi capitalei sale. Disponibilitatea lor pentru comunicare şi aculturaţie, respectul pentru societatea ungară în ansamblul său, implicarea lor civică semnificativă au făcut ca mulţi dintre aceştia să devină reprezentanţi de sea- mă ai comunităţii budapestane, iubiţi, respectaţi, ascultaţi şi comemoraţi peste timp. Albumul monografic de faţă este un omagiu dedicat convieţuirii culturilor şi aduce în atenţie pe românii care au trăit sau au trecut prin Budapesta. Aceştia au ridicat ctitorii culturale, spirituale şi arhi- tecturale care înfrumuseţează şi îmbogăţesc patrimoniul acestui oraş. În egală masură, ei au contribuit la transmiterea către România a unor elemente de progres ştiinţific şi social, acumulate într-o capitală europeană emancipată, deschisă, aflată mai la vest, deci mai aproape de alte centre recunoscute ca modele de cultură, civilizaţie şi progres ale continentului, faţă de care românii, oriunde s-au aflat, au tânjit şi s-au străduit să le cunoască şi să le asimileze. Trecând dincolo de splendoarea exterioară şi pătrunzând prin zidurile frumoaselor clădiri care stau şi azi mărturie, albumul spicuieşte doar câteva dintre poveştile acestor români şi descrie momente sem- cultural, scientific, economic, social and religious progress. They built a strong community around the Orthodox Church, which, held in high esteem, was organically integrated into Hungary and its capital’s multicultural, multi-denomination, multiethnic, and cosmopolitan society. The Romanians’ openness to communication and acculturation, their respect for the Hungarian society and its people, and their remarkable civic involvement turned many of them into important representatives of the Budapest culture, people who were, respected, beloved, admired and revered over time. This monographic album is a tribute to the coexistence of these cultures and features Romanians who have lived in or passed through Budapest. Over time, they created cultural, spiritual, and archi- tectural foundations that enriched the patrimony of this great city, while bringing to Romania the scien- tific and social progress that characterized this emancipated, open, European capital, similar to other famous European centers as cultural models of civilization and progress, which Romanians, wherever they were, had dreamed of and had tried to know and absorb. Beyond the exterior splendor of the stunning buildings that stand as proof till today, the album pre- sents merely a few stories of these Romanians and talks about special moments in their lives, showing, once again, the identity in interests and endeavors of all those who have lived here, in this stimulating cultural diversity. Their example inspired us and will continue to inspire new generations today, who és integrálta e hatásokat, fejlődött általuk, kiegészítvén jellemét és terveit saját vonásainak és érdekei- nek megfelelően. E hagyományok szellemében a románok elsőrangú kulturális szellemi központként
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