November, 2019 INSIDE SADC Newsletter
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Multiparty Democracy and Elections in Namibia
MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA ––––––––––––– ❑ ––––––––––––– Published with the assistance of NORAD and OSISA ISBN 1-920095-02-0 Debie LeBeau 9781920 095024 Edith Dima Order from: [email protected] EISA RESEARCH REPORT No 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 i MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA ii EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 iii MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA BY DEBIE LEBEAU EDITH DIMA 2005 iv EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 Published by EISA 2nd Floor, The Atrium 41 Stanley Avenue, Auckland Park Johannesburg, South Africa 2006 P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: 27 11 482 5495 Fax: 27 11 482 6163 Email: [email protected] www.eisa.org.za ISBN: 1-920095-02-0 EISA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of EISA. First published 2005 EISA is a non-partisan organisation which seeks to promote democratic principles, free and fair elections, a strong civil society and good governance at all levels of Southern African society. –––––––––––– ❑ –––––––––––– Cover photograph: Yoruba Beaded Sashes Reproduced with the kind permission of Hamill Gallery of African Art, Boston, MA USA EISA Research Report, No. 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 v CONTENTS List of acronyms viii Acknowledgements x Preface xi 1. Background to multiparty democracy in Namibia 1 Historical background 1 The electoral system and its impact on gender 2 The ‘characters’ of the multiparty system 5 2. -
Politics and Judicial Decision-Making in Namibia: Separate Or Connected Realms? Peter Vondoepp1
Politics and judicial decision-making in Namibia: Separate or connected realms? Peter VonDoepp1 Introduction To what extent can we detect the infl uence of political factors in decision-making at Namibia’s High and Supreme Courts? The question goes to the heart of a key issue for the democratic dispensation in the country. As most observers readily acknowledge, independent and assertive judicial institutions are critical for democratic consolidation. Yet, to what extent are Namibia’s judicial institutions independent, such that they are willing to assert their authority vis-à-vis other branches of government?2 To investigate this question at the heart of the study, I undertook a statistical analysis of nearly 250 decisions made by judges of the High and Supreme Courts since the country’s independence in 1990. The analysis examines whether and how certain political factors have affected the patterns of decision-making that have been witnessed. Have judges, for instance, deferred to government when faced with rendering decisions in important political cases? Have all judges been equal in terms of their tendencies to side with or against the government? And have judges altered or adjusted their decision-making in light of pressures and threats from the elected branches and other political actors? The study indicates that, as a whole, the judiciary has performed quite admirably in terms of independence from the other branches. The extent of deference to the executive has been minimal. This is true regardless of the period during which decisions have been taken, and regardless of the type of case being decided. This said, the analysis tentatively suggests that one category of judges – foreign judges appointed in the mid-1990s – has displayed a modest tendency to side with government. -
List of Countries and Capitals and Currency
LIST OF COUNTRIES AND CAPITALS A ND CURRENCY Head of Country Name Capital Currency Official Language Government Dari Persian; Chief Executive – Afghanistan Kabul Afghani Pashto Abdullah Abdullah Prime Minister – Edi Albania Tirane Lek Albanian Rama Arabic; Tamazight; Prime Minister – Algeria Algiers Dinar French Ahmed Ouyahia Andorra Andorra la Vella Euro Catalan Antoni Martí President – João Angola Luanda New Kwanza Portuguese Lourenço Antigua and East Caribbean Prime Minister – Saint John's English Barbuda dollar Gaston Browne President – Argentina Buenos Aires Peso Spanish Mauricio Macri Prime Minister – Armenia Yerevan Dram Armenian Karen Karapetyan Prime Minister – Australia Canberra Australian dollar English Malcolm Turnbull Federal Euro (formerly Austria Vienna German Chancellor – schilling) Christian Kern Prime Minister – Azerbaijan Baku Manat Azerbaijani Artur Rasizade Prime Minister – The Bahamas Nassau Bahamian dollar English Hubert Minnis Prime Minister – Bahrain Manama Bahrain dinar Arabic Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa Bangladesh Dhaka Taka Bangla Prime Minister – Bankexamstoday.com Page 1 Sheikh Hasina Prime Minister – Barbados Bridgetown Barbados dollar English Freundel Stuart Prime Minister – Belarus Minsk Belorussian ruble Belarusian; Russian Andrei Kobyakov Euro (formerly Dutch; French; Prime Minister – Belgium Brussels Belgian franc) German Charles Michel Prime Minister – Belize Belmopan Belize dollar English Dean Barrow President – Patrice Benin Porto-Novo CFA Franc French Talon Prime Minister – Bhutan Thimphu -
Information As of 1 January 2019 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory
Information as of 1 January 2019 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm. Vice Admiral VMar. Vice Marshal Afghanistan Last Updated: 20 Dec 2017 Pres. Ashraf GHANI CEO Abdullah ABDULLAH, Dr. First Vice Pres. Abdul Rashid DOSTAM Second Vice Pres. Sarwar DANESH First Deputy CEO Khyal Mohammad KHAN Second Deputy CEO Mohammad MOHAQQEQ Min. of Agriculture, Irrigation, & Livestock Nasir Ahmad DURRANI Min. of Border & Tribal Affairs Gul Agha SHERZAI Min. of Commerce & Industry Homayoun RASA Min. of Counternarcotics Salamat AZIMI Min. of Defense Tariq Shah BAHRAMI Min. of Economy Mohammad Mustafa MASTOOR Min. of Education Mohammad Ibrahim SHINWARI Min. of Energy & Water Ali Ahmad OSMANI Min. of Finance Eklil Ahmad HAKIMI Min. of Foreign Affairs Salahuddin RABBANI Min. of Hajj & Islamic Affairs Faiz Mohammad OSMANI Min. of Higher Education Najibullah Khwaja OMARI Min. of Information & Culture Mohammad Rasul BAWARI Min. of Interior Wais Ahmad BARMAK Min. of Justice Abdul Basir ANWAR Min. of Martyred, Disabled, Labor, & Social Affairs Faizullah ZAKI Min. of Mines & Petroleum Min. of Parliamentary Affairs Faruq WARDAK Min. of Public Health Ferozuddin FEROZ Min. of Public Works Yama YARI Min. -
Mauritius Country Report BTI 2018
BTI 2018 Country Report Mauritius This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2018. It covers the period from February 1, 2015 to January 31, 2017. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2018 Country Report — Mauritius. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2018. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Contact Bertelsmann Stiftung Carl-Bertelsmann-Strasse 256 33111 Gütersloh Germany Sabine Donner Phone +49 5241 81 81501 [email protected] Hauke Hartmann Phone +49 5241 81 81389 [email protected] Robert Schwarz Phone +49 5241 81 81402 [email protected] Sabine Steinkamp Phone +49 5241 81 81507 [email protected] BTI 2018 | Mauritius 3 Key Indicators Population M 1.3 HDI 0.781 GDP p.c., PPP $ 21088 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 0.1 HDI rank of 188 64 Gini Index 35.8 Life expectancy years 74.4 UN Education Index 0.758 Poverty3 % 3.2 Urban population % 39.5 Gender inequality2 0.380 Aid per capita $ 60.6 Sources (as of October 2017): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2017 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2016. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary Mauritius is not a transformation country in the classic sense. -
Swapo Forever? Prospect for Liberal Democracy Or Prolonged One-Party
Journal of Namibian Studies, 21 (2017): 27 – 54 ISSN: 2197-5523 (online) Swapo forever? Prospect for liberal democracy or prolonged one -party dominance in Namibia Markus Bayer* Abstract Like most other National Liberation Movements (NLM), the Namibian South West African People’s Organization (SWAPO) was transformed after independence and went on to become Swapo party (Swapo) and take power in 1990. Since then, Swapo has ruled Namibia with its support growing and its position as dominant party unchallenged. Following on from Roger Southall’s prediction of the slow death of liberation movements, this article investigates whether SWAPO as a movement is dying and, if so, what this means for Swapo. Will Namibia soon take the road towards a more liberal democracy or will Swapo continue to dominate? Recurring to the literature on dominant party systems and competitive authoritarianism and based on expert interviews, the article finds Swapo’s dominance to be Janus-faced: On the one hand, its electoral dominance and consequently its control of state resources is ensuring its further dominance. On the other hand, its clientelistic use of its power is alienating growing sections of society, especially the younger generation, and is contributing to its slow death as an NLM and dominant party. Introduction As was the case with most other National Liberation Movements (NLM) in their respective countries, the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO), which was transformed into Swapo Party (Swapo) in 1989, has dominated domestic politics in Namibia since independence. 1 On the occasion of the last national and presidential elections in 2014 it won stunning 80% of the total votes. -
Title Title Daily Current Affairs Capsule 10Th November 2019
Title Daily Current Affairs Capsule th 10 NovemberTitle 2019 Mauritius Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth claims victory in the election In Mauritius, Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth claimed victory in the election as official preliminary results showing his alliance taking a comfortable lead over rivals. Projections from the Electoral Commission gave a large lead to a coalition led by Jugnauth. Partial results from the state-run commission forecasted that Jugnauth's centre-right Morisian Alliance will win 38 of 62 possible seats in parliament. Points to remember Mauritius Capital: Port Louis Currency: Mauritian rupee Exim Bank gives $30 million line of credit to Ghana The Export-Import (Exim) Bank has provided a $30 million line of credit to Ghana for the potable water project in the country. Exim Bank has entered into an agreement with Ghana for a line of credit (LoC) of $30 million (about Rs 210 crore) for financing rehabilitation and up-gradation of the potable water system in Yendi, Ghana. Under the arrangement, financing of export of eligible goods, works and services from India would be allowed subject to their being eligible for export under the Foreign Trade Policy of India and whose purchase may be agreed to be financed by the Exim Bank. Points to remember Headquarters: Mumbai CEO: David Rasquinha SC paves way for construction of Ram Temple in Ayodhya Settling the centuries-old dispute with regards to 2.77 acres of land in Ayodhya, believed to be the birthplace of Lord Ram, the Supreme Court by a unanimous decision gave the possession of the contested property to a trust that will oversee the construction and management of the Ram temple. -
Republic of Namibia
REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA ACCEPTANCE SPEECH BY HIS EXCELLENCY DR. HAGE G. GEINGOB, PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA, ON THE OCCASION OF THE 38TH SADC SUMMIT OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT AUGUST 17, 2018 WINDHOEK Your Excellency Cyril Ramaphosa, President of the Republic of South Africa and Chairperson of SADC; Your Excellency João Lourenço, President of the Republic of Angola and Chairperson of the Organ; Your Excellency Paul Kagame, Chairperson of the African Union; Your Excellency Moussa Faki Mahamat, Chairperson of the African Union Commission; Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government; Your Excellency Nangolo Mbumba, Vice President of the Republic of Namibia; Esteemed First Spouses; Your Excellencies Former Heads of State and Government; Right Honourable Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Prime Minister of the Republic of Namibia; Her Excellency Dr. Stergomena Lawrence Tax, Executive Secretary of SADC; Honourable Ministers; Honourable Speakers of the Parliaments of Angola and South Africa; Honourable Members of Parliament; Distinguished Delegates; Esteemed Invited Guests; Media Fraternity; Ladies and Gentlemen On behalf of the Government and people of the Republic of Namibia, I am delighted to accept the Chairmanship of SADC at a time when a New Africa, The Africa We Want, is on the rise. Africa is on the march, driven by unity of purpose, the pursuit of common objectives and an unwavering determination to bring about shared prosperity. I have accepted this responsibility knowing well that the leaders of the SADC nations have bestowed full confidence in Namibia to steer the work of this esteemed organisation to greater heights. 1 We are privileged to host the 38th Ordinary Summit here in Windhoek, the birthplace of SADC, where the SADC Treaty was adopted in 1992. -
Promoting Democracy and Good Governance
State Formation in Namibia: Promoting Democracy and Good Governance By Hage Gottfried Geingob Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Politics and International Studies March 2004 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. encourage good governance, to promote a culture of human rights, and to build state institutions to support these policies have also been examined with a view to determining the nature of the state that evolved in Namibia. Finally, the study carries out a democratic audit of Namibia using Swedish normative tools. 1 Acknowledgements The last few years have been tumultuous but exciting. Now, the academic atmosphere that provided a valuable anchor, too, must be hauled up for journeys beyond. The end of this most enjoyable academic challenge has arrived, but I cannot look back without a sense of loss - loss of continuous joys of discovery and academic enrichment. I would like to thank my supervisor, Lionel Cliffe, for his incredible support. In addition to going through many drafts and making valuable suggestions, Lionel helped me endure this long journey with his sustained encouragement. I also thank Ray Bush for going through many drafts and making valuable comments. He has an uncanny ability to visualize the final outcome of research effort. -
Namibia and the African Union* Bience Gawanas**
Namibia and the African Union* Bience Gawanas** Introduction It is fair to state that Namibia’s foreign relations have largely been shaped by the history of the liberation struggle, the formative years of transition from colonial occupation and independence, and the relationship between the liberation movements – particularly the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) and organisations such as the United Nations (UN), the Organisation of African Unity (OAU, later the African Union/AU), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the Commonwealth, the Non- aligned Movement, and the Frontline States. There is also no doubt that the post-Cold-War era influenced both the OAU/AU and the Namibian agenda, moving from a focus on conflicts and security to broader development goals. Whereas the OAU concentrated on the decolonisation of Africa, the AU’s main objectives are unity, integration, governance, peace, and development. Against this background, it can be clearly stated that the OAU played a key role in Namibia’s fight for freedom and independence. Consequently, it is a very meaningful task to verify whether Namibia still appreciates these historical bonds and has a special relationship with the OAU’s successor organisation, the AU. In addition, it is important to show Namibia’s stance on multilateralism, especially since the AU is at the highest organisational level within the African context. Last, but not least, the chapter is meaningful because it will illustrate the principles on which Namibian foreign policy rests. The chapter is structured in the following way. First, it looks at the historical background of Namibia’s relationship with the OAU prior to the country’s independence in 1990. -
Annual Report | 2019-20 Ministry of External Affairs New Delhi
Ministry of External Affairs Annual Report | 2019-20 Ministry of External Affairs New Delhi Annual Report | 2019-20 The Annual Report of the Ministry of External Affairs is brought out by the Policy Planning and Research Division. A digital copy of the Annual Report can be accessed at the Ministry’s website : www.mea.gov.in. This Annual Report has also been published as an audio book (in Hindi) in collaboration with the National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Visual Disabilities (NIEPVD) Dehradun. Designed and Produced by www.creativedge.in Dr. S Jaishankar External Affairs Minister. Earlier Dr S Jaishankar was President – Global Corporate Affairs at Tata Sons Private Limited from May 2018. He was Foreign Secretary from 2015-18, Ambassador to United States from 2013-15, Ambassador to China from 2009-2013, High Commissioner to Singapore from 2007- 2009 and Ambassador to the Czech Republic from 2000-2004. He has also served in other diplomatic assignments in Embassies in Moscow, Colombo, Budapest and Tokyo, as well in the Ministry of External Affairs and the President’s Secretariat. Dr S. Jaishankar is a graduate of St. Stephen’s College at the University of Delhi. He has an MA in Political Science and an M. Phil and Ph.D in International Relations from Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi. He is a recipient of the Padma Shri award in 2019. He is married to Kyoko Jaishankar and has two sons & and a daughter. Shri V. Muraleedharan Minister of State for External Affairs Shri V. Muraleedharan, born on 12 December 1958 in Kanuur District of Kerala to Shri Gopalan Vannathan Veettil and Smt. -
Rencontre Entre Pravind Jugnauth Et Boris Johnson
MAZAVAROO | N°24 | SAMEDI 11 JANVIER 2020 mazavaroo.mu RS 5.00 PAGE 24 PAGE 5 CHAMP LIBRE UK-AFRICA INVESTMENT SUMMIT LETTRE OUVERTE À PRAVIND JUGNAUTH RENCONTRE ENTRE PRAVIND JUGNAUTH PAGE 4 2020 ET BORIS JOHNSON P.J A TOUS LES ATOUTS EN MAIN PAGE 21 HIPPISME 2020 ENTRE 40 À 43 JOURNÉES page 11 cité florida la famille cangy PAGE 6 retrouve PAYANT DEPUIS HIER le sourire L'ENGOUEMENT POUR LE MÉTRO EST LÀ Pg Caricature Mazavaroo Samedi 11 01 2020:Layout 1 09/01/2020 09:48 Page 1 Full page 260 mm x 380 mm Demi page horizontale 260 x 187 mm Demi page VERTICALE 127 x 380 mm Quart DE page 127 x 187 mm BANDO EN BAS PAGE 260 X 100 MM MAZAVAROO | N°24 | SAMEDI 11 JANVIER 2020 EDITORIAL 3 Éditorial 2020, DES DÉFIS SÉRIEUX À RELEVER À l’amorce de cette nouvelle année 2020, les dirigeants de ces pays trouvent par le millions de réfugiés climatiques se mettront la réduction des inégalités indispensables nous voulons dire notre reconnaissance à dialogue une solution rapide à leurs crises, en mouvement et rejoindront les migrants à la cohésion de la population. tous ceux qui nous ont lus tout au long de difficultés et drames. Dieu merci, Maurice politiques et économiques pour lesquels nous Abordons 2020 avec confiance. Notre ces 5 derniers mois de 2019. Nous nous a connu une année 2019 bénéfique, malgré n’avons pas trouvé de vraies solutions à ce communauté porte bien des projets réjouis- sommes efforcés de vous apporter les infor- des évènements les uns plus époustouflants jour.