DOCSLIB.ORG

SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE Siparuna Gêneros Pelos Reserva Na Representadas Estão Semelhantes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE Siparuna Gêneros Pelos Reserva Na Representadas Estão Semelhantes 146 Siparunaceae e Monimiaceae As duas famílias foram recentemente monóicas ou dióicas. Os frutos são encobertos separadas. Monimiaceae sempre foi pelo receptáculo carnoso e quando maduros considerada heterogênea, e estudos atuais rompem-se irregularmente (com exceção de S. apontam para a segregação de certos gêneros glycycarpa, que é indeiscente), expondo drupas no nível de família, como o gênero Siparuna semelhantes a sementes, com arilo vermelho para Siparunaceae. São tratadas juntas neste ou alaranjado rico em lipídios. guia por serem vegetativamente semelhantes. As flores de Siparuna são polinizadas por Estão representadas na Reserva pelos gêneros moscas de hábito noturno, que visitam as flores Siparuna e Mollinedia. para acasalamento e oviposição. Monimiaceae é predominantemente pantropical com aproximadamente 194 espécies em ca. 22 gêneros, com a mesma distribuição de Siparunaceae na região neotropical. Na Amazônia ocorre somente o gênero Mollinedia, com uma espécie dióica, M. ovata registrada na Reserva. No campo a família é identificada através das mesmas características usadas para Siparunaceae. Mollinedia ovata tem folhas subcoriáceas, venação broquidódroma e poucas secundárias. As flores são como em Siparuna guianensis Siparunaceae, o receptáculo apresentando a Siparunaceae é neotropical e contém margem sinuosa. Os frutos são drupas sésseis aproximadamente 70 espécies em 2 gêneros ou estipitadas (semelhantes aos de Guatteria, (apenas um gênero mono-específico na Annonaceae) ou como em Siparunaceae, mas África Ocidental, Glossocalyx), distribuídas raramente com arilo alaranjado. desde o México e o Caribe até o Paraguai e Argentina. Somente Siparuna ocorre na Amazônia brasileira, estando representada na Reserva por nove espécies de hábito arbóreo ou arbustivo. O reconhecimento da família no campo é fácil: a lâmina foliar tem pontuações translúcidas e a planta tem um odor cítrico, agradável ou fétido (de onde vem o nome indígena caá-pitiú, ou planta com cheiro ruim), devido à grande concentração de óleos essenciais. As folhas são geralmente elípticas (S. monogyna tem folha obovada), decussadas, verticiladas ou opostas, simples, inteiras a denteadas ou serreadas, sem estípulas, com pecíolo variável. Os ramos são cilíndricos com nós achatados. Algumas espécies são glabras e outras apresentam vários tipos de pubescência nas folhas e ramos, de pêlos simples, estrelados ou escamosos. A inflorescência é axilar ou cauliflora, cimosa ou fasciculada. As flores são actinomorfas e unissexuais, sendo as plantas Siparuna reginae SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE 147 As flores de Monimiaceae são ovata é usada por tribos indígenas para tratar polinizadas por moscas e pequenos besouros, febres, dores de cabeça ou problemas de e os frutos provavelmente são dispersados por estômago. Os índios Yanomami utilizam aves. certas espécies no tratamento de malária A madeira de algumas espécies é usada e febres. Siparuna decipiens pode causar em construções, na obtenção de essências e na irritações na pele. medicina popular. No Equador, Mollinedia Renner, S.S. & Hausner, G. 1997. Siparunaceae, Monimiaceae. In G. Harling & L. Anderson (eds.) Flora of Ecuador 59:1-125. Renner, S.S. et al. 1997. Phylogenetic Position and Floral Function of Siparuna (Siparunaceae:Laurales). Int. J. Plant Sci. 158 (6 Suppl.): 89-98. FLORES E FRUTOS Siparuna monogyna Siparuna cuspidata Siparuna cristata Siparuna decipiens Siparuna guianensis G E Siparuna reginae Siparuna sarmentosa Mollinedia ovata SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE 148 Siparuna poeppigii. Arvoreta. Siparuna guianensis. (Caá- Ritidoma marrom-esverdeado, pitiú). Arvoreta ou arbusto. lenticelado. Ramos lisos. Folhas Ritidoma marrom-acinzentado, oblongas, estreitas. Venação estriado ou com lenticelas. levemente broquidódroma com Ramos lisos. Folhas com nervuras terciárias inconspícuas. tamanho variável, pouco Pecíolo curto. Capoeiras ou em buladas. Venação levemente áreas abertas, em solo arenoso. broquidódroma; secundárias Ocasional. Brasil, Equador e ascendentes. Ocorre em todos 157 Peru. 176 os ambientes. Freqüente. Do Panamá à Bolívia. Folhas essencialmente glabras ou com pêlos escamosos 11 dispersos pela lâmina. Siparuna cuspidata. Árvore ou arbusto. Ritidoma cinza- escuro, desprendendo em placas. Ramos bege-acinzentados. Pecíolo, ramos e face inferior Folhas relativamente pequenas. das folhas pilosos ou com pelos Lâmina levemente obovada estrelados bem evidentes. com ápice cuspidado. Venação broquidódroma com secundárias arqueadas. Pecíolo curto e 33 78 retorcido. Rara. Amazônia ampla. Siparuna decipiens. Árvore ou Siparuna reginae. Árvore ou arvoreta. Ritidoma marrom a arvoreta. Ritidoma lenticelado, castanho-claro, com fissuras marrom-acinzentado. superficiais e lenticelas Lâmina, pecíolo e ramos ocasionais. Toda a planta com pilosos e ásperos. Base da pêlos estrelados evidentes. lâmina levemente revoluta. Ramos verde-acinzentados a beges, estriados. Lâmina Venação broquidódroma áspera, com nervuras com secundárias evidentes. secundárias ascendentes. Freqüente. Baixio de solo 114 Ocasional. Amazônia ampla. 136 arenoso. Amazônia Central e Ocidental. SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE 149 Siparuna cristata. Arbusto ou Mollinedia ovata. Arbusto ou arvoreta. Ritidoma marrom com arvoreta. Ritidoma castanho-claro lenticelas. Lâmina brilhante com fissuras superficiais. Lâmina com ápice acuminado. Venação ovalada, brilhante; margem às vezes denteada e ápice eucampdódroma, com nervuras acuminado. Venação submersa, terciárias pouco evidentes e saliente em folhas secas; percurrentes. Pecíolo alongado. broquidódroma, com poucas Baixio. Ocasional. Amazônia secundárias; terciárias conspícuas. ampla. Pecíolo alongado e espessado. 294 Ramos jovens verdes e lisos. Rara. 272 Vertente e platô. Amazônia Ampla. Folhas glabras e normalmente grandes. Siparuna monogyna. Árvore. Ritidoma marrom- 22 claro, escamoso ou com fissuras superficiais. Ramos jovens verdes, lisos ou com desprendimento papiráceo. Lâmina elíptico-obovada. Pecíolo alongado. Ocasional em platô. Amazônia brasileira. 157 Siparuna sarmentosa. Árvore. Siparuna glycycarpa. Árvore. Ritidoma cinza-escuro com Ritidoma marrom ou acinzentado, escamas e fissuras. Ramos lisos. desprendendo em pequenas placas. Pecíolo alongado. Lâmina foliar Ramos lenticelados e fissurados, ocasionalmente pilosa, pelos verdes. Folhas levemente escamosos. Venação terciária oblanceoladas, variáveis em inconspícua. Ocasional. Brasil, tamanho, às vezes agrupadas no Equador e Peru. ápice dos ramos. Lâmina fosca, com textura de borracha. Nervuras 163 terciárias inconspícuas. Freqüente. 135 Amazônia brasileira. SIPARUNACEAE E MONIMIACEAE.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Alphabetical Lists of the Vascular Plant Families with Their Phylogenetic
    Colligo 2 (1) : 3-10 BOTANIQUE Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers Listes alphabétiques des familles de plantes vasculaires avec leurs numéros de classement phylogénétique FRÉDÉRIC DANET* *Mairie de Lyon, Espaces verts, Jardin botanique, Herbier, 69205 Lyon cedex 01, France - [email protected] Citation : Danet F., 2019. Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Colligo, 2(1) : 3- 10. https://perma.cc/2WFD-A2A7 KEY-WORDS Angiosperms family arrangement Summary: This paper provides, for herbarium cura- Gymnosperms Classification tors, the alphabetical lists of the recognized families Pteridophytes APG system in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms Ferns PPG system with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Lycophytes phylogeny Herbarium MOTS-CLÉS Angiospermes rangement des familles Résumé : Cet article produit, pour les conservateurs Gymnospermes Classification d’herbier, les listes alphabétiques des familles recon- Ptéridophytes système APG nues pour les ptéridophytes, les gymnospermes et Fougères système PPG les angiospermes avec leurs numéros de classement Lycophytes phylogénie phylogénétique. Herbier Introduction These alphabetical lists have been established for the systems of A.-L de Jussieu, A.-P. de Can- The organization of herbarium collections con- dolle, Bentham & Hooker, etc. that are still used sists in arranging the specimens logically to in the management of historical herbaria find and reclassify them easily in the appro- whose original classification is voluntarily pre- priate storage units. In the vascular plant col- served. lections, commonly used methods are systema- Recent classification systems based on molecu- tic classification, alphabetical classification, or lar phylogenies have developed, and herbaria combinations of both.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary History of Floral Key Innovations in Angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes
    Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes To cite this version: Elisabeth Reyes. Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms. Botanics. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2016. English. NNT : 2016SACLS489. tel-01443353 HAL Id: tel-01443353 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01443353 Submitted on 23 Jan 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NNT : 2016SACLS489 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de Doctorat : Biologie Par Mme Elisabeth Reyes Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Thèse présentée et soutenue à Orsay, le 13 décembre 2016 : Composition du Jury : M. Ronse de Craene, Louis Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux d’Édimbourg M. Forest, Félix Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux de Kew Mme. Damerval, Catherine Directrice de recherche au Moulon Président du jury M. Lowry, Porter Curateur en chef aux Jardins Examinateur Botaniques du Missouri M. Haevermans, Thomas Maître de conférences au MNHN Examinateur Mme. Nadot, Sophie Professeur à l’Université Paris-Sud Directeur de thèse M.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Position and Floral Function of Siparuna (Siparunaceae: Laurales) Author(S): S
    Phylogenetic Position and Floral Function of Siparuna (Siparunaceae: Laurales) Author(s): S. S. Renner, A. E. Schwarzbach and L. Lohmann Source: International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 158, No. 6, Supplement: Morphology and Evolution of Flowers (Nov., 1997), pp. S89-S98 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2475169 Accessed: 24-09-2015 08:01 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2475169?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.252.67.66 on Thu, 24 Sep 2015 08:01:58 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Int. J. Plant Sci. 158(6 Suppl.):S89-S98. 1997. C 1997 by The Universityof Chicago. All rightsreserved. 1058-5893/97/5806S-0007$03.00 PHYLOGENETICPOSITION AND FLORAL FUNCTION OF SIPARUNA(SIPARUNACEAE: LAURALES) S.
    [Show full text]
  • Fitoquímica E Atividade Antiplasmódica De Siparuna Poeppigii (Tul.) A. Dc. (Siparunaceae)
    0 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS FITOQUÍMICA E ATIVIDADE ANTIPLASMÓDICA DE SIPARUNA POEPPIGII (TUL.) A. DC. (SIPARUNACEAE) NAYLA DI PAULA VIEIRA PINA BELÉM – PA 2016 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS FITOQUÍMICA E ATIVIDADE ANTIPLASMÓDICA DE SIPARUNA POEPPIGII (TUL.) A. DC. (SIPARUNACEAE) Autor: Nayla di Paula Vieira Pina Orientadora: Prof.ª Dra. Alaíde Braga de Oliveira Co-orientadora: Prof.ª Dra. Maria Fâni Dolabela Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, área de concentração: Fármacos e Medicamentos, do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal do Pará como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas. BELÉM – PA 2016 2 FOLHA DE APROVAÇÃO Nayla di Paula Vieira Pina FITOQUÍMICA E ATIVIDADE ANTIPLASMÓDICA DE SIPARUNA POEPPIGII (TUL.) A. DC. (SIPARUNACEAE) Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal do Pará como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Área de concentração: Fármacos e Medicamentos. Aprovado em: Banca Examinadora Prof.ª Dra. Alaíde Braga de Oliveira (Orientadora) Instituição: PPGCF UFPA Ass:_______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Wagner Luiz Barbosa Instituição: PPGCF UFPA Ass:_______________________________________ Profa. Dra. Mara Silvia Pinheiro Arruda Instituição: Faculdade de Química UFPA Ass:_______________________________________ BELÉM – PA 2016 3 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação-na-Publicação (CIP) Biblioteca do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde / UFPA Pina, Nayla di Paula Vieira. Fitoquímica e atividade antiplasmódica de Sirapuna poeppigii (tul.) a. dc. (Siparunaceae) / Nayla di Paula Vieira Pina; orientadora, Alaíde Braga de Oliveira; co-orientadora, Maria Fâni Dolabela.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG) SYSTEM History Of
    ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG) SYSTEM The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to an informal international group of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that would reflect new knowledge about their relationships based upon phylogenetic studies. As of 2010, three incremental versions of a classification system have resulted from this collaboration (published in 1998, 2003 and 2009). An important motivation for the group was what they viewed as deficiencies in prior angiosperm classifications, which were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e. groups consisting of all the descendants of a common ancestor). APG publications are increasingly influential, with a number of major herbaria changing the arrangement of their collections to match the latest APG system. Angiosperm classification and the APG Until detailed genetic evidence became available, the classification of flowering plants (also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae, Anthophyta or Magnoliophyta) was based on their morphology (particularly that of the flower) and their biochemistry (what kinds of chemical compound they contained or produced). Classification systems were typically produced by an individual botanist or by a small group. The result was a large number of such systems (see List of systems of plant taxonomy). Different systems and their updates tended to be favoured in different countries; e.g. the Engler system in continental Europe; the Bentham & Hooker system in Britain (particularly influential because it was used by Kew); the Takhtajan system in the former Soviet Union and countries within its sphere of influence; and the Cronquist system in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • The Woody Planet: from Past Triumph to Manmade Decline
    plants Review The Woody Planet: From Past Triumph to Manmade Decline Laurence Fazan 1, Yi-Gang Song 2,3 and Gregor Kozlowski 1,3,4,* 1 Department of Biology and Botanical Garden, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; [email protected] 2 Eastern China Conservation Center for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Chenhua Road No.3888, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China; [email protected] 3 Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chenhua Road No.3888, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China 4 Natural History Museum Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 6, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +41-26-300-88-42 Received: 6 November 2020; Accepted: 16 November 2020; Published: 17 November 2020 Abstract: Woodiness evolved in land plants approximately 400 Mya, and very soon after this evolutionary invention, enormous terrestrial surfaces on Earth were covered by dense and luxurious forests. Forests store close to 80% of the biosphere’s biomass, and more than 60% of the global biomass is made of wood (trunks, branches and roots). Among the total number of ca. 374,000 plant species worldwide, approximately 45% (138,500) are woody species—e.g., trees, shrubs or lianas. Furthermore, among all 453 described vascular plant families, 191 are entirely woody (42%). However, recent estimations demonstrate that the woody domination of our planet was even greater before the development of human civilization: 1.4 trillion trees, comprising more than 45% of forest biomass, and 35% of forest cover disappeared during the last few thousands of years of human dominance on our planet.
    [Show full text]
  • DDC) Stemming from the Adoption of the APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) III Classification As the Basis for the DDC’S Treatment of Flowering Plants
    This PDF documents proposed changes throughout the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) stemming from the adoption of the APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) III classification as the basis for the DDC’s treatment of flowering plants. We request comment from any interested party, to be sent to Rebecca Green ([email protected]) by 31 January 2016. Please include “Angiosperm review comments” in your subject line. -------------------------------------------------------------- Why is the DDC adopting a new basis for classifying angiosperms (flowering plants)? During the latter half of the 20th century, biological classification turned from establishing taxa predominantly on the basis of morphological similarities to establishing taxa predominantly on the basis of shared ancestry / shared derived characters, with biological taxonomies mirroring evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic analysis typically underlies modern evolutionary classifications, but has resulted in the development of many competing classifications. Within the domain of flowering plants, different classification systems have been favored in different countries. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, a global consortium of botanists, has addressed this issue by developing a “consensus” classification that is monophyletic (i.e., its taxa include all but only the descendants of a common ancestor). Now in its third version, the APG III classification is considered relatively stable and useful for both research and practice (e.g., for organizing plants in herbaria). The development for flowering plants presented here is the culmination of DDC editorial work over a span of several years. An early version revised 583–584 to make the schedule compatible with the APG III classification, while trying to minimize relocations and using see references to establish the APG III logical hierarchy.
    [Show full text]
  • Alphabetical List of Vascular Plant Families with Family Numbers
    ALPHABETICAL LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES WITH FAMILY NUMBERS (slightly modified Englerian delineation and phylogentic sequence, EXCEPT @=modern/APGIII delineation) Abolbodaceae@ (029) 199R Berberidopsidaceae@* 033 Commelinaceae@ Empetraceae@ (233) 266 Acanthaceae@ 061 Betulaceae@ Compositae@ (280) Epacridaceae@ (233) Aceraceae@ (165) 129T Biebersteiniaceae@* 127 Connaraceae@ 007A Ephedraceae@ 204 Achariaceae@ 258 Bignoniaceae@ Convallariaceae (040F) P04 Equisetaceae@ 087A Achatocarpaceae@ 194 Bixaceae@ 249 Convolvulaceae@ Eremolepidaceae (069) 023Q Acoraceae@ 040U Blandfordiaceae@ Cordiaceae@ (252) 233 Ericaceae@ 180Q Actinidiaceae@ P39 Blechnaceae@ 151 Coriariaceae@ 030 Eriocaulaceae@ Adiantaceae (P31) Bombacaceae@ (175) 229 Cornaceae@ 072H Erythropalaceae@ 272 Adoxaceae@ 186Q Bonnetiaceae@ 038I Corsiaceae@* 134 Erythroxylaceae@ 199A Aextoxicaceae@* 252 Boraginaceae@ 156 Corynocarpaceae@ 117Q Escalloniaceae@ 040J Agapanthaceae Borthwickiaceae (108) 046R Costaceae@ 090C Eucommiaceae@ 040A Agavaceae 040V Boryaceae@* 072G Coulaceae@ Eucryphiaceae@ (120) Agdestidaceae@ (083) 105 Brassicaceae@ 115 Crassulaceae@ 147 Euphorbiaceae@ 084 Aizoaceae@ Bretschneideraceae@* (131A) 125 Crossosomataceae@ 126P Euphroniaceae@ 131A Akaniaceae@* 032 Bromeliaceae@ Cruciferae@ (105) 098A Eupomatiaceae@ Alangiaceae@ (229) 119 Brunelliaceae@ 217A Crypteroniaceae@ 090B Eupteleaceae@ 015 Alismataceae@ 122 Bruniaceae@ 132Q Ctenolophonaceae@* 128 Fabaceae@ 040I Alliaceae Buddlejaceae@ (257) 275 Cucurbitaceae@ 062 Fagaceae@ 262A Alseuosmiaceae@* 049 Burmanniaceae@
    [Show full text]
  • Seven Genera, 15 Or More Species) Chile and New Zealand
    Allertonia 17, 2018, pp. 1–52 Wood Anatomy of Atherospermataceae and Allies: Strategies of Wood Evolution in Basal Angiosperms Sherwin Carlquist1 Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, 1212 Mission Canyon Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 ABSTRACT Atherospermataceae and Gomortegaceae, a clade of Laurales, occur in moist, swampy, riverine, and cloud forest habitats. They have apparently departed little in habitat preference from their ancestors, in the cloud forests of Gondwana, whereas Siparunaceae, a clade not far distant from (or sister to) the Atherospermataceae clade have radiated into more diverse habitats in South and Central America. Key features of wood anatomy are related to habitat occupancy shifts rather than to systematics. Narrow thin-walled vessels with scalariform perforation plates denote slow flow rates under low tension. Scalariform perforation plates may sieve out bubbles, as Zimmermann hypothesized, or they may compartmentalize the vessel for increased safety. Longer vessel elements lower flow resistance. All species of Atherospermataceae and Gomortegaceae have perforation plate dimorphism; narrower perforations in latewood plates promote conductive safety, whereas non-resistive plates (in most of a growth ring) permit more flow. There is little deviation among Atherospermataceae in perforation plates and other features; the family has shifted very little away from cool moist forests since the breakup of Gondwana. Wider vessels in the trees of Dryadodaphne differ from the narrow vessels of the relatively small trees of Daphnandra, etc. There is diversification in tracheary elements. Tracheids, the basic type in some species of Atherospermataceae, offer conductive safety, but have been supplanted in other species by septate fiber-tracheids, which combine mechanical strength with photosynthate storage and serve as a cell type substituting for axial parenchyma, which is almost completely absent in the family.
    [Show full text]
  • "Laurales". In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences
    Laurales Introductory article Susanne S Renner, University of Munich (LMU), Germany Article Contents . Introduction . Families Included . General Characters and Relationships of Laurales Online posting date: 16th May 2011 The Laurales are an order of flowering plants comprising have tepals and stamens arranged in three-part whorls and seven families that contain some 2500–2800 species in 100 stamens with valvate anthers. In terms of species richness genera. Most Laurales are tropical trees or shrubs, often and morphological diversity, the family is centred in tro- with scented wood of great durability. Besides being a pical America and Australasia; it is poorly represented in continental Africa, but species-rich in Madagascar source of high quality timber, the Laurales also include the (Chanderbali et al., 2001). Relatively few species, such as avocado tree (Persea americana), a native of Mexico and spice bush, Lindera benzoin, sassafras, Sassafras albidum, Central America, the cinnamon tree and the camphor tree and true or bay laurel, Laurus nobilis, now survive in (Cinnamomum species), native in Southeast Asia, and the temperate zones, but during Palaeocene and Eocene bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), native in the Mediterranean warmer climates Lauraceae were abundant in the northern region. The earliest lauraceous fossils are from the early landmass of Laurasia. The fossil record of the family goes Cretaceous, and within flowering plants, the order is back 110 Ma, and at least 500 species of Lauraceae are among the oldest groups to diversify. The presently known from the early Cretaceous through to the late Ter- accepted classification of the seven families is based on tiary (e.g., Eklund, 2000; Balthazar et al., 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • Thonner's Analytical Key to the Families of Flowering Plants
    Thonner's analyticalke y to thefamilie s of flowering plants R.Geesin k A.J .M .Leeuwenber g C.E.Ridsdale J.F .Veldkam p PUDOC, Centre for Agricultural Leiden University Press Publishing and Documentation The Hague/Boston/London, Wageningen, 1981 1981 /1/0 07 (P- :>< R. Geesink-Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands A. J. M. Leeuwenberg - Laboratorium voor Plantensystematiek en Planten- geografie, Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands C. E. Ridsdale-B. A. Krukoff Botanist ofMalesia n Botany, Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands J. F. Veldkamp-Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands This volume isliste d inth eLibrar y of Congress Cataloging inPublicatio n Data Thisi sa translate d and revised edition of:Anleitun g zumBestimme n der Familien der Blutenpflanzen, 2nd. ed. 1917, Friedländer, Berlin ISBN 90-220-0730-8 © Centre foragricultura l publishing and documentation, PUDOC, Wageningen 1981 and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague, 1981 Allright sreserved . Nopar t ofthi spublicatio n mayb ereproduced , stored ina retrieva l system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 566, 2501 CN The Hague, The Netherlands, and PUDOC, P.O. Box 4,670 0A AWageningen , TheNetherland s Printed inth e Netherlands Contents Preface toth e2n deditio n(1917 ) vii Introduction viii Acknowledgements x FranzThonne r- Life (1863-1928) xii FranzThonner-Bibliograph y xv FranzThonner-Derive dwork s xviii FranzThonner-Eponym y xx The Key - Introduction and Notes xxii Schemefo r adiagnosti cdescriptio n xxvi Conciseke yt oth ema jo rgrouping s 1 Keyt oth efamilie s 3 Glossary 198 Index 214 'All plants are hybrids, but some are greater bastards than others' lf*!Mfc .-, -e *••-r • + VT-V «-•! * .
    [Show full text]
  • Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) System
    Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) system The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to an informal international group of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that would reflect new knowledge about their relationships based upon phylogenetic studies. As of 2010, three incremental versions of a classification system have resulted from this collaboration (published in 1998, 2003 and 2009). An important motivation for the group was what they viewed as deficiencies in prior angiosperm classifications, which were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e. groups consisting of all the descendants of a common ancestor). APG publications are increasingly influential, with a number of major herbaria changing the arrangement of their collections to match the latest APG system. Angiosperm classification and the APG Until detailed genetic evidence became available, the classification of flowering plants (also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae , Anthophyta or Magnoliophyta ) was based on their morphology (particularly that of the flower) and their biochemistry (what kinds of chemical compound they contained or produced). Classification systems were typically produced by an individual botanist or by a small group. The result was a large number of such systems (see List of systems of plant taxonomy). Different systems and their updates tended to be favoured in different countries; e.g. the Engler system in continental Europe; the Bentham & Hooker system in Britain (particularly influential because it was used by Kew); the Takhtajan system in the former Soviet Union and countries within its sphere of influence; and the Cronquist system in the United States.
    [Show full text]