49334-001: Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration

Environmental and Social Monitoring Report

# Semi-Annual Report 4 December 2018

Myanmar: Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project

Prepared by the Department of Rural Development through the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation for the Government of Myanmar and the Asian Development Bank. 1

This environmental and social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 2

Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project

Project Number: 9185-MYA

Semi-Annual Environmental and Social Monitoring Report

(July 2017 – December 2017)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ACRONYMS ...... 3 I. INTRODUCTION ...... 4 1. Background ...... 4

2. Environmental Safeguard Monitoring ...... 6

3. Environmental Clearances ...... 7

4. Incorporation of Environmental and Social Management Plans into the Project

Contractual Arrangements ...... 7

5. Institutional Arrangement ...... 7

II. COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS REQUIREMENTS ...... 8 1. Status of Environmental and Social Management Plan Implementation ...... 8

2. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 1 ...... 9

3. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2 ...... 10

III. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD MONITORING ...... 11 IV. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MITIGATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED ...... 11 1. Corrective actions on the previous non-conformances ...... 11

2. Complaints Received Related to the Implementation of the ESMP ...... 11

V. CONCLUSION ...... 14 APPENDICES ...... 16

Appendices

A. Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency B. Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2: Restored community infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency C. Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist - Roads D. Photo Log E. Project Location Map (Burmese language) F. Environmental Clearance Correspondences (Burmese language)

LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADB – Asian Development Bank

AP – Affected Person

DRD – Department of Rural Development

EA – Executing Agency

ECD – Environmental Conservation Department

EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment ESCSLRP – Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project ESMP – Environmental and Social Management Plans

ESS – Environmental and Social Screening

ESSF – Environment and Social Safeguard Framework

GIU – Grant Implementing Unit

GMU – Grant Management Unit

IEE – Initial Environmental Examination

JFPR – Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction

MLFRD – Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Rural Development

MoALI – Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation

NPT – Nay Pyi Taw

PPE – Personal Protective Equipment

REGDF – Resettlement and Ethnic Groups Resettlement Framework

RP – Resettlement Plan

I. INTRODUCTION

1. Background Heavy rainfalls caused floods and landslides in several parts of Myanmar during June 2015. On 30 July 2015, cyclone Komen made a landfall in Bangladesh, bringing strong winds and additional heavy rains to Myanmar, which resulted in widespread flooding across 12 of the country’s 14 states and regions. The following day, on 31 July, the president declared Chin and Rakhine States as well as Magway and Sagaing Regions officially as natural disaster zones. The monthly rainfall in July 2015 measured at a weather station in Chin’s capital Hakha was equal to 1-in-1,000 year rainfall. The combination of heavy rainfall, strong winds, high soil saturation, and unstable soils in hilly areas caused widespread and devastating landslides particularly in Chin State, which is why this area was selected for this project. Landslides destroyed a large part of the public goods assets needed to support rural livelihoods, most importantly the rural transport network that allows people to access markets for the sale and purchase of goods and to access services provided by both public and private sectors. Approximately 460 miles of rural roads still required restoration in more than seven of Chin’s townships by the end of December 2017. These roads are generally earth construction, from four to 18 feet wide and categorized as village to village and village to town roads. In addition, the floods and landslides washed away many bridges and drainage structures that helped protecting the roads from floods. In order to support the Government of Myanmar in responding quickly to the situation and to restore the livelihoods of the affected communities, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant of USD8.856 million for the Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihoods Restoration Project in April 2016. The JFPR was established in 2000 to provide grants for projects supporting poverty reduction and related social development activities that can add value to projects financed by ADB. UNOPS has signed an agreement with the Department of Rural Development (DRD), the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI) on 2 November 2016 to undertake works on restoring the damaged roads and structures. The project implementation period is from November 2016 to 31 October 2019 and comprises of two outputs as listed below:

Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster

resiliency in Chin State’s mostly-affected townships of Tonzang, Tedim, Falam, Hakha, Htantlang, Mindat and Matupi (see Appendix E for map location).

Output 2: Restored community infrastructure, such as damaged water supply pipes ana electricity power supply with increased disaster resiliency in Chin State’s mostly-affected township of Tonzang, Tedim, Falam, Hakha, Htantlang, Mindat and Matupi (see Appendix E for map location). Under the Output 1 - as of 31 December 2017, landslide clearance work is fully completed, including the seven priority roads (see table below) and for additional 58 roads. A total of 295,000 lineal ft. of landslide blockages (almost 56 miles) have been removed from the selected roads, which altogether provide a transportation network of 834 miles. Further, almost 24 miles of the priority network portion of the roads have been widened and are now accessible. The table below presents the details by road and progress.

Township Name of Roads No of Total Activity Physical Roads Length Accomplishment (Miles) TONZANG Zampe Junction-Zampe- 1 27.00 landslide Completed Ling Thuk-Haicin-Tullkhing clearance Other roads 8 107.00 landslide Completed clearance TEDIM Canadi-Tuisauh-Pimpih- 1 20.00 landslide Completed Khaikam clearance Other roads 7 52.00 landslide Completed clearance MINDAT Shih-Twele-Doh-Hliah 1 36.00 landslide Completed Ring-Thaing Nuu-Ma Gwe clearance Ing Nuu Other roads 4 23.75 landslide Completed clearance MATUPI Arm Sui-Maa Duu-WaiLuu 1 22.00 landslide Completed Road clearance Other roads 5 96.75 landslide Completed clearance HTANGLANG Ze’phile-Kyaung Htee Yar 1 25.00 landslide Completed clearance Other roads 14 152.50 landslide Completed clearance HAKHA Ha Kha-Khwa Be 1 5.00 landslide Completed clearance Other roads 9 142.25 landslide Completed clearance FALAM Falam-Lailun-Relsing- 1 14.00 landslide Completed Khuangli clearance

Other roads 11 111.63 landslide Completed clearance TOTAL 65 834.88

Under the Output 2 - as of 31 December 2017 the progress on the community infrastructure, restoration of damaged water supply pipes and electricity power supply (micro-hydropower) schemes is given below.

Townships Name of Damaged Total no to Completed Remaining Schemes be restored Tonzang, Tedim, Damaged water supply pipes 44 27 17 Falam, Hakha, and schemes Htantlang, Mindat and Matupi Tonzang, Tedim, Damaged electricity power 25 9 16 Falam, Hakha, supply and schemes (micro- Htantlang, Mindat hydropower) and Matupi Total 69 36 33

2. Environmental Safeguard Monitoring

Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project (ESCSLRP) was classified as an Environment Category B project under the ADB policy, as explained below. For ADB, the project is classified category B for Environment. As this project is emergency assistance, an environmental assessment and review framework (EARF), has been prepared in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) and government laws and regulations. Subproject selection criteria have been formulated to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts. Subprojects that have potential to cause significant irreversible, diverse or unprecedented adverse environmental impacts (Category A under ADB SPS (2009)) are not eligible for funding under the Grant. All subprojects will be screened. Subprojects will be categorized either B or C. For category B projects, initial environmental examinations and environmental management plans (EMPs) will be prepared. EMPs will be incorporated in bidding documents and contract documents to be implemented by contractors and monitored by the implementing agencies.

Following the UNOPS guidelines, all sub-projects under the project were screened for environmental and social impacts; followed by Environmental Review and then Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) were prepared for each subproject before the tendering. The ESMP contain typical road repair and construction related measures that cover impacts on air quality from the unpaved road travel and emissions from equipment, water quality deterioration from camp operation, land clearing, occupational and community health and safety, among others.

3. Environmental Clearances / Local Regulation

During the ADB mission from 27 November to 1 December 2017, the UNOPS team, State DRD and Mr. Neil Neate, Technical Advisor from ADB met with Mr. Myo Win, Assistant Director of the Government of Myanmar’s Environmental Conservation Department (ECD), Hakha to brief the project activities regarding environmental and social screening (ESS) for each sub-projects of landslide clearance work.

The ESMP for six priority roads and additional roads were submitted to DRD Hakha on 28 December 2017. DRD has subsequently submitted the documents to ECD in Hakha for review, advice and suggestion. Similarly, ESMP for Hakha Township was submitted for review to the State Director on 3 May 2018 with a request to get the clearance from ECD, Hakha. The ESMP form integral parts of the contracts for all priority roads.

Recently, there was discussion with State Director and Deputy Director DRD Hakha the State ECD responded to DRD Hakha that this project should be dealt from ECD NPT Level. DRD at Union Level has already submitted ESMP for approval to ECD NPT Level (Please refer to Appendix F). The DRD is awaiting approval from ECD NPT. The ESMP are being implemented and monitored at sites. Any comments/ revision advised from ECD, will be addressed and included in the revised ESMP and implemented further accordingly.

4. Incorporation of Environmental and Social Management Plans into the Project Contractual Arrangements

The ESMP were integrated in the civil works contract. The contractors were made aware of this obligation and their safeguard performance during the construction will was supervised and monitored by UNOPS’ project manager with support of the UNOPS project engineers.

The environment and social impacts of the projects were identified in the Environment and Social Safeguard Framework (ESSF) and the mitigation measures of these impacts have been addressed through ESMP. The protection and enhancement of human-wellbeing is a common demonstrator for both government and donors systems and contributed to the ultimate goal of sustainable development.

DRD and UNOPS conducted a meeting with local authorities in the project area to create a sense of social, environmental and safety awareness within all construction activities. During the meeting, the grievance mechanism was also introduced to local communities living along the road project.

5. Institutional Arrangement

The DRD with the Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Rural Development (MLFRD) is the executing agency (EA) and implementing agency for the project. DRD has established a grant 7

management unit (GMU) at the DRD in Nay Pyi Taw.

The GMU is responsible for the project’s overall management and coordination. A project director and a deputy project director/project manager who are responsible for management and supervision of the activities head the GMU. The GMU is supported by procurement, finance, communication, gender, safeguard and other specialists as indicated in the organogram.

A grant implementing unit (GIU) has been established at Hakha in Chin State. Seven sub- GIUs were also established at the respective DRD township offices to coordinate and supervise the sub-project activities at the township level. The GIU is also supported by procurement, finance, communication, gender, safeguards and other specialists as indicated in the organogram.

The sub-GIUs have been established at respective townships headed by project manager and supported by safeguard and monitoring & evaluation specialists. UNOPS represents at all levels of grant implementation at NPT, Hakha and at the respective townships.

II. COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS REQUIREMENTS

The DRD is able to sustain its compliance to the environmental provisions of the ESCSLRP grant covenant. Both, general and specific ESMP form parts of the bidding documents and civil works contracts. The DRD is implementing the mitigation measures in accordance with the Government of Myanmar and ADB environmental policies and submitting timely semi-annual reports.

ADB categorized the ESCSLRP project as Category B and during the screening process following environmental issues were identified:

I) Localized issues of air pollution from vehicle and machinery exhaust, including dust and smoke during construction; II) Disturbance of river and stream ecology from construction of bridges and other drainage structures; III) Removal of vegetation and forest coverage; IV) Disturbance and damage to wildlife habitat and illegal quarrying, hunting, fishing, cutting trees etc.; V) Waste disposal causing scarring of landscape and destruction of vegetation; VI) Social issues such as noise and disturbance to nearby settlements, disputes, spread of diseases, and pollution of drinking water sources etc.; VII) Cut slopes and landslide areas.

1. Status of Environmental and Social Management Plan Implementation

ESMP were implemented in all works contracts for landslide clearance in seven townships as mentioned above and were monitored on a regular basis by the project engineers from DRD, UNOPS and contractors.

2. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 1

As mentioned, the ESMP contains environmental measures that are applicable to all road segments. Furthermore, these ESMP provide measures to protect air and water qualities, avoid damages to soil, preservation of forest resources including wildlife, good practices in construction camp management, liabilities of contractor in damaging local infrastructure, and operating procedure in cases of chance archeological findings.

Overall, of the 322 mitigation measures prescribed in the ESMP, ESCSLRP achieved 89% compliance rate (see table below). Partial compliance was achieved in 28 items and only two were not complied due to several limitations at site. A summary of ESMP implementation by road segment is given below. Appendix A presents the details of ESMP implementation under this output:

Total No. % Township Road Segment Mitigation Compliance Performance Compliance Name Measure ex Not Prescribed Yes Partial No Not Applicable ‐ in ESMP Applicable TONZANG Zampe Junction- 23 20 2 - 1 90% Zampe-Ling Thuk- Haicin-Tullkhing Other roads 23 20 2 - 1 90%

TEDIM Canadi-Tuisauh- 23 19 2 1 1 86% Pimpih-Khaikam Other roads 23 20 2 - 1 90% MINDAT Shih-Twele-Doh- 23 19 2 1 1 86% Hliah Ring-Thaing Nuu-Ma Gwe Ing Nuu Otherr 23 20 2 - 1 90% MATUPI Arm Sui-Maa Duu- 23 20 2 - 1 90% WaiLuu Road Other roads 23 20 2 - 1 90% HTANGLANG Ze’phile-Kyaung 23 20 2 - 1 90% Htee Yar Other roads 23 20 2 - 1 90% HAKHA Ha Kha-Khwa Be 2 - 1 90% 23 20 9

Other roads 23 20 2 - 1 90% FALAM Falam-Lailun- 23 20 2 - 1 90% Relsing-Khuangli Other roads as 23 20 2 - 1 90% TOTAL 322 278 28 2 14 89%

The landslides clearance and widening works in seven priority roads as well as landslide clearance works in 58 additional roads within seven townships were implemented from July to December 2017. Most of the roads are scattered and located in very remote areas of Chin State.

The removal of landslides and debris clearance works was carried out through back- hoe, excavators and loaders including dump trucks. The ESS measures were fairly adopted and implemented because of the nature of works and the geographical locations within Chin State.

3. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2

As mentioned, the ESMP contains environmental measures that are applicable to all installation and rehabilitation of pipelines from natural springs, solar panels and charge station. This ESMP provides measures to apply to protect the structures and avoid damages. The communities in different townships are implementing the activities under this output.

Overall, of the seven mitigation measures prescribed in the ESMP the work carried out by the communities do not pose any environmental threats and there is no specific or general EMP, as shown below. Appendix B presents the details of ESMP implementation under this output:

Total No. % Township Name Scheme Mitigation Compliance Performance Compliance Measure ex Not Prescribed Yes Partial No Not Applicable ‐ in ESMP Applicable

Tonzang, Damaged water 6 - - - - Done Tedim, supply pipes and through Falam, schemes Community Hakha, Htantlang, Damaged electricity 1 - - - - Done Mindat and power supply and through Matupi schemes (micro- Community hydropower) TOTAL 7 - - - - -

III. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD MONITORING

Inspections were conducted using an agreed-upon checklist covering the aspects of regulatory compliance and mitigation measure implementation. The inspections were led by project manager and project engineer supported by environment focal persons. These on-site inspections focus on active construction fronts and construction camps. Road side interviews with the site engineers, workers, and residents were made to validate reports, while a facility walkthrough around the campsite allowed monitoring of occupational health and safety and related mitigation measures. Finally, contractor records were reviewed to confirm site findings.

IV. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MITIGATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED 1. Corrective actions on the previous non-conformances

During the reporting period from July to December 2017, several outstanding non- conformances were resolved and these are:

I) Almost all the construction packages were small in size and the contractor sprinkle water to subside the dust particles along the project roads. II) Water pipeline damage along the road in Mindat Township was restored by construction companies that were engaged. III) The construction debris/boulders on private land were removed in all the roads. IV) The boulders barrier was constructed on Canadi-Tuisauh-Pimpih-Khaikam from Kalay side near the bank of the river (see Appendix E for map location). V) A health awareness training was conducted to the project workers and staff.. Continuing non-conformances were noted on the lack of personal protective equipment (PPEs).

2. Social Complaints Received Related to the Implementation of the ESMP During the reporting period from July 2017 to December 2017, no complaints were received by the GIU and sub-GIUs offices related to the impacts of road landslide clearance works carried out on 65 roads in seven townships.

The technical designs will be prepared to avoid or minimize any social impacts on ethnic groups. The project activities will be implemented with engagement of communities in affected villages/ village tracks.

GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

Grievance redress mechanism is an integral part of the project’s monitoring and information system. It aims to ensure that feedback is received, that the voices from the poor and marginalized groups are heard, and that the issues raised are resolved effectively and expeditiously. A practical grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been established as part of the project’s implementation framework. The GRM operates at township (in the GIUs) and at Union levels (in the GMU) to handle any grievance arising from the Project

In general, if there are any issues, complaints and matters related to the impact of the projects, these matters will be informed to the DRD Township, then State Office but so far, no complaints and grievance have been reported from the community or any other stakeholders.

The ESCSLRP has been implementing the output 1 and output 2 activities in an existing road alignments and also the community infrastructures locations, there is less chance to have social issues of resettlement and also the case of Land Acquisition. The project has not found any issues of Resettlement and Land Acquisition till to date.

The table below lists the potential impacts (Positive and negative) of the project on EGs.

Project Outputs Anticipated Anticipated Negative Positive Effects Comments/ Remarks Effects Output 1: Men and If modalities for Some men and women Village to women of consultation and were engaged for landslides village and working age participation during clearance works because village to town from disaster- project preparation and most of the sites machines rural access affected subsequent were used during the implementation are not reporting period. roads and communities EG sensitive, the following associated and may occur: bridges surrounding - Subprojects may not repaired or villages will meet or match the restored earn cash post-disaster needs of incomes from the affected EG being communities employed on

roads/bridges - Lack or low repair works participation of the community, particularly women. Disaster- Villagers regained access Consultation with and affected again after landslides participation of EGs will clearance works ( 65 roads communities be done at initiation of were cleared) will regain subproject preparation

access to goods using a gender-and and services culturally sensitive Disaster- approach. Informal Villagers got access to affected and formal leaders of goods, market and services. communities EGs will be engaged to will regain help facilitate the access to discussions. On contracted works, markets to sell members of disaster their surplus affected villages may lose produce out on employment Disaster- Affected villagers and opportunities to non-local affected households restored their laborers recruited or villages and previous livelihood activities brought in by contractors. households will such as farming , selling To mitigate this, contracts be able to garden products etc will require employment restore their of local labor from previous disaster-affected livelihood communities particularly activities or for unskilled jobs. restart new livelihood sources in the villages they are relocated to Output 2: Men and Most of men and some of Community women of women were engaged in infrastructure working age the repair/ restoration and livelihood from disaster- works for output 2. assets repaired affected or restored communities and surrounding

villages will earn cash

incomes through employment in repair works Disaster- After restoration villagers affected got their water supply and villages and electricity system. households will be able to restore their previous livelihood activities or restart new livelihood sources in the villages they are relocated to Output 3: Men and Once the assets have NA Asset women in Chin been repaired or resilience and communities restored, EGs’ general disaster will be trained interest in other Project preparedness on community- activities may wane. based disaster Village leaders (formal increased risk and informal) will be management engaged to assist with Chin provision of community NA communities training. will be trained Participation of women to operate and will be encouraged. maintain community infrastructure and livelihood assets properly

V. CONCLUSION

This semi-annual monitoring report is submitted to meet the requirement of the ADB SPS 2009 for environmental Category B project. All the thirty separate contract packages under the project are covered under the ESMP.

Overall, the project exhibited high level of compliance to the ESMP achieving the 89% compliance rate on Output 1. A health and safety awareness training was conducted and no major health and safety issues were reported. The company also restored the water pipeline, which was partially damaged during the landslide clearance work at Mindat Township.

APPENDICES

Appendix A- ESMP Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency Note: The ESMP covers most of the Environmental Code of Practice (ECoPs), only few which are not applicable are excluded from the ESMP.

Sl Mitigation Measures Compliance Comments/Reasons for Partial or Issues for further attained Non Compliance action and target (Yes, No, date Partial, NA)

Landscape & visual impact

1 Removal of landslides / Cutting and filling of Yes All measures have been complied Complied hill sides / Valley side and small tractor with barrel May increase soil erosion; damage the beauty of the land scape deployed’.  Avoid excess cut and fill; dump landslides, debris materials in a designated places. Minimize widening works. 2 Remove construction debris Partial Except in steep slope Inaccessibility due to steep slopes; these are under observation for next season.

3 Impose traffic controls to reduce public Yes Open only on Sundays Complied, informed exposures. public about the timing of the work.

Ecology (habitats, flora and fauna)

4 Use of timber materials/soil/stones Yes Contractors were encouraged to buy No tree cutting  Cutting trees by timber suppliers, timbers from legally registered required at site till extract materials from selected timber suppliers, now, even for borrow pits only with quality and Use surplus soil or use only structure sufficient quantities. approved borrows pits. construction. Archaeology and cultural heritage

5 Road Alignment NA No archaeological places but it pass N/A  Avoid road alignment through through existing roads without important archeological and disturbing its natural. No widening cultural heritage sites/places. work is required. Air quality (emissions and indoor and outdoor air quality)

6. Use and operation of generators, Yes construction equipment, machinery and Minor maintenances are done at Monitored closely vehicles. construction area (workshop) and till the end of  Regular maintenance of all the major maintenances are project. machinery, equipment and done the near towns. vehicles  Procure generators with less emission

Water (usage, discharges and risk of floods) 7 Use of water at construction sites and camps. Flooding dues to nearby/neighbor Contractors were advised to find streams/rivers out separate water source and  Avoid use of construction water from Yes reduce conflicts of water with local the same source the local communities communities. Use the data and use information for Yes Monitor and record the available further appropriate  Avoid camp flooding during rainy data solution in case of season damage for next phase works.

Contamination

8 Operation of camp, equipment storage, Complied repair and fuel depots Septic tanks located at a distance  Construct septic tanks and soak pits Yes of 30m or more from with appropriate distance to water underground water sources, like sources Proper disposal of human boreholes or hand dug wells. wastes during construction  Install secondary containment around Yes Waste from camps is disposed in fuel tanks and at fueling stations. pits within the designated areas.  Prevent oil and fuel spills, control run-off from contaminated areas Yes The waste from workshops and Energy (usage, source, cost etc) fuel tanks are taken into account.

9 Machine Yes Due to nature of terrain  Use labors wherever possible such as combination of both machine and cleaning of existing drains, bio- work force were used. engineering works and collection of stone, sands etc

Materials (quantity and type used) 10. Use of Sand, aggregate, stones, timber Yes products, gravel, soil from legal sources and Contractor has obtained the Mitigation measures avoid resource depletion and degradation approved clearance and permit complied.  Encourage contractor to buy from from the relevant agencies for the legally registered and environmental material surface collection of friendly suppliers. boulders.  Avoid extraction of excess materials and disposal of construction materials

Waste management

11 Disposal of solid wastes generated by the Yes Sorting wastes by category before Complied on close camp and left over of construction disposal e.g. bio-degradable wastes monitoring.  Avoid contamination due to improper such as remains of food and non- disposal of solid wastes generated by bio-degradable wastes such as the camp and construction plastic water bottles are collected in separate collection bins.

Provided waste collection bins which should be regularly ESMP tied in a designated dumpsite.

Disposal of waste in approved disposal pits and recyclable materials to be recycled and organic Nuisance (noise, dust vibration etc.) wastes to be composted in a regular

12 Use of generator and concrete mixer, Yes Activities with intensive noise were Complied, no issues heavy earth moving machines during the undertaken during least disruptive for further actions. construction times.  Minimize noise pollution from generators and mixers disrupt nearby Consultation was done with the local community, public places such as communities and their acceptance school, hospitals and to workers. was sought.

Transport (transport / traffic plans) Movement of equipment and traffic Yes Traffic control measures and Complied management management was put in place at  Impose traffic control measures during each working site in consultation movement of construction machines with village head. Open only on and transportation of construction Sundays in some of the location. Social Issuesmaterials 13 During the construction, road will be Yes First provided space for free flow of Complied. closed at certain frequent interval. traffic at structures construction,  Minimum road traffic and disturbance manage traffic control at each to the community day today activities location during road works Job Opportunity  Avoid conflicts for job opportunities Yes Maximum local labour and even between local community and labors women workers with equal pay for from other areas ESMP employment similar types of jobs were ESMP opportunities employed by the contractors. Small Scale business at site  Increase road safety due to improved No No action required road infrastructure

Economic Opportunity 14 Income source Yes Contractors were from the local Complied.  Generate income for material/ regions and they used local equipment suppliers and local suppliers and local labor. communities Job opportunity Small scale business at site  Improvement of livelihoods and local economies Others - Labour Right during Construction.

15 Employment of labor Partial Labors are provided with all the Contractors for road  Provide laborers and others resident at necessary logistics and hygienic repair works are

the site lodging in a camp setting sanitary facilities to the work camp expected to provide

outside of any danger zone, food site and mobiles camps. all the necessary service facilities, safe drinking water, Some contractors occasionally items throughout adequate washing and bathing provided access to health care. the construction for facilities for maintaining personal Worksite camps are located in safe road repair works,

hygiene, and access to health care. areas. First Aid kits are provided at next phase works.

each camp.

16 Employment of labor: safety Yes All the safety gadgets, PPEs are Complied.  Provide adequate protective gear, provided to every worker at site maintain equipment, and train and they are made to use the workers; safety gadgets during  Record accident frequency; construction hours.  Apply corrective measures 17 Set up of construction camps. Yes Complied.  Camp facilities should be located at a Labor camps and site offices are distance from nearby communities. located far from the communities.  Provide sanitary facilities (dry pit or Waste from camps is disposed in pour flush latrines) for workers pits within the designated areas.

Appendix B - EMP - Output 2: Restored community infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency

Sl Mitigation Measures Compliance Comments/Reasons for Partial or Issues for further attained Non Compliance action and target (Yes, No, date Partial, NA) Installation/ Rehabilitation of pipelines from natural springs 1 Preventing contamination at water sources: Partial partially complied I) Build a structure with roof Structures are built with roof items in this phase over the water source to cover to prevent leaves and debris will be complied in prevent leaves or other contaminating the basin the next working debris from contaminating the season,2018 basin. Fences were provided by the II) A fence is needed to protect the water community sources (springs particularly) from public access and risk of contamination. Sand/gravel filters were provided to III) The sand/gravel filter traps sediment trap sediment before the spring flow enters the collection chamber and has to be 2 Partial partially complied Pipe Laying: All PVC pipes are buried 50cm under items in this phase I) PVC water transmission and ground. will be complied in distribution piping need to be buried the next working underground (coverage 50cm Metal pipes were used wherever season,2018 minimum) to prevent pipe against possible. external damage (e.g. passing vehicles,

solar UV radiation, etc.).

II) When conditions do not allow piping to be buried (i.e. pipe is used above ground), then metal pipe must be used, and supported/braced as excessive movement may lead to leaks and breaks. III) Outlet pipes and fittings from water storage/basin shall not be PVC pipe due to exposure to solar UV/sunlight. Rural Electrification 3 Solar Panels and Charge Station Partial Shed has been provided for the partially complied I) Provide a shed for generator invertor and batteries items in this phase (distributed electrical generator will be complied in charge station system) or pumps the next working that are accessible for easy season,2018 maintenance as regular maintenance is important to avoid spillage/contamination of (diesel/petrol/oil).

Appendix C Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist - Roads

Subproject Title : Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Location: Chin State, Hakha

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks A. PROJECT SITING IS THE PROJECT AREA ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS? CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE X

PROTECTED AREA X

WETLAND X

MANGROVE X Existing road does not affect Mangroves.

ESTUARINE X Road passes and crosses estuarine.

BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED AREA X

SPECIAL AREA FOR PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY X

B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE…

encroachment on historical/cultural areas; X disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries? encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or X protected areas)?

alteration of surface water hydrology of X Some material may unintentionally fall waterways crossed by roads, resulting in in the river (minor spillage) increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site? deterioration of surface water quality due to silt X runoff and sanitary wastes from worker-based camps and chemicals used in construction? increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, X Air pollution due to use of heavy cutting and filling works, and chemicals from machines. asphalt processing? risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational X Working with heavy machines and in health and safety due to physical, chemical, difficult areas always includes risks. biological, and radiological hazards during project construction and operation during project construction and operation?

noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil X Construction works always include noise works? and vibration.

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? X dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way? X disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and X children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? other social concerns relating to inconveniences in X living conditions in the project areas that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress? hazardous driving conditions where construction X interferes with pre-existing roads? poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in X construction camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases (such as STI's and HIV/AIDS) from workers to local populations? creation of temporary breeding habitats for diseases X such as those transmitted by mosquitoes and rodents? accident risks associated with increased vehicular X traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials? increased noise and air pollution resulting from traffic X volume? increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and X fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles using the road? social conflicts if workers from other regions or X Not reported yet. countries are hired? large population influx during project construction X and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)? risks to community health and safety due to the X No but there is a small risk. transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during construction and operation? community safety risks due to both accidental and X Properly designed structure and safely natural causes, especially where the structural construction sites have very little risk of elements or components of the project are affecting local communities. accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the

community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning.

Appendix D- Photo Log

Landslides clearance and widening works on Falam-Lailun Relsing –Khuagli Road, Falam Township, Chin State

Landslides clearance and widening works on Khaikam-Pimpih Road, Tedim Township, Chin State

Road damaged by the flood on Khaikam-Pimpih Road Bypass road along the section of Khaikam-Pimpih Road

Landslides Clearance and widening works on Kyaw Htee Yar-Ze’phile Road, Htantlang Township, Chin State

Landslides Clearance and widening works on Shih- Tweeli-Doh-Hlia Ring- Thaing Nuu- Ma-Gwe Ing Nuu Road, Mindat Township, Chin State

Landslides Clearance and widening works on Hakha-Khwa Be Road, Hakha Township, Chin State

Health and Safety First-Fire Extinguisher and First Aid Box

Stakeholder meeting at Nay Pyi Taw and Hakha

Appendix-E: Location Maps of Seven Priority Roads in 7 Townships

Appendix F – EMP Clearance letter

Letter from DRD State to ECD State

Letter from DRD HQ to NCD HQ