Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08810-8 — Jewish Radical Ultra-Orthodoxy Confronts Modernity, Zionism and Women's Equality Motti Inbari Index More Information

Index

Adler Benzion, 37 Ba’al Shem Tov, 106, 108, 119 Adler Naftali, 10 Baal, 102, 204 Admor of Sanz, 155 Baer Yitzhak, 178 Admor of Shinava, 121, 125 Bais Ruchel, 157 Agron Gershon, 86 Balfour Declaration, 17, 21, 24, 26, 41, Agudat Yisrael, 6, 13, 16, 21–2, 27–30, 39, 102, 141 42–3, 45, 52–7, 59–60, 72–3, 77, 91, Bar Kochva Revolt, 219 95, 98, 103, 109, 111–15, 117, 131, Bar Yochai Rabbi Shimon, 106, 108, 122, 183 138, 141, 147–9, 151, 156–7, 162, Batei Ungarin, 51 182, 184, 186, 199–201 Becker Kurt, 143–4 Council of Torah Sages, 59 Beis Ruchel, 199 Ahavat Yisrael, 197 Beis Yaacov, 54, 56, 72, 113, 157 Alfandri Shlomo Eliezer, 103–11, 124–7, Beit Iksa village, 32, 36–7 183 Ben David Ruth, 18, 32, 59–61, 65, 71, 171 Aliyat neshama, 193 Yossele Schumacher Affair, 60 Alliance Israélite Universelle, 110 Ben David Uriel, 60 Alter Avraham Mordechai (“The Gerrer Ben Gurion David, 28, 60 Rebbe”), 7, 18, 27, 94, 102, 111–15, Ben Shalom Yisrael, 210, 212, 222 126 Ben Zvi Yitzhak, 28, 111 Alter Itzhak Meir (“the Rim”), 97 Benedict Yechiel, 88 Alter Yehuda Leib, 97 Bengis Zelig Reuven, 162 Altshuler Mor, 96, 105 Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, 144–5, Amital Yehuda, 224 147–8 Antiochus, 216, 221 Bernstein Moshe Leib, 26 Apostate, 40, 42, 117, 185 Black Bureau, 10 Arab option, 26, 29, 70 Blau Amram, 2, 15, 17, 28, 33, 36, 38–9, Arab Revolt, 38–9, 105 44, 70–3, 77–80, 83–4, 91–2, 188, Arab riots of 1929, 29, 83 201, 207 Ashkenazi City Committee, 21, 24, 39, Against education reforms, 53–7 See HaEdah HaHaredit Against mixed swimming, 84–7 Ashrei Ha’Aish, 183–5 Against participation in elections, 57–9 Auschwitz extermination camp, 146 Against women’s military draft, 48 Avrahami Levi, 48 Ban on Hebrew, 35, 54

255

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08810-8 — Jewish Radical Ultra-Orthodoxy Confronts Modernity, Zionism and Women's Equality Motti Inbari Index More Information

256 Index

Blau Amram (cont.) Edison Cinema, 51, 77 Club Affair, 87 Eichmann Adolf, 143 Compared with Yoel Teitelbaum, 170–1 Eisentadt S.N., 3 Curses, 55 Elie Wiesel Center at Boston University, 69 Internationalization of Jerusalem, 44–50 Elijah prophet, 205, 229 Justifying attack on sex shop, 89–91 Elior Rachel, 121–2 Marriage to Ruth Ben David, 60–9 Enclave, 2, 5, 13, 15, 17–18, 31, 74, 88, Relationship with Moshe Blau, 42–3 91–2, 134, 154, 159, 168, 181–2, Sabbath demonstrations, 50–3 208, 227–9, 234, 239 Blau Moshe, 27, 29, 39, 42–4 Enlightenment movement, 175, 192 Blau Ruth. See Ben David Ruth Epstein Gil, 92 Blau Uri, 67, 70 Epstein Pinchas, 61 Bnai Yoel Hasidic court, 166 Erev rav. See Mixed Multitude Boyarin Daniel, 220 Eros sex shop, 88, 164 Boycott, 85, 88, 197, 199, 213 Essenes, 209, 222 Brand Yoel, 143 Breuer Yitzhak, 98 Falaji Chaim, 110 British Mandate, 21, 23, 37, 44–5, 47, 50, Farmer William, 215 82, 85 Feldman Louis, 205 Brown Benjamin, 129 Ferziger Adam, 5 Buber Martin, 96 Festinger Leon, 123 Budapest, 133, 142–3, 145 First World War, 8, 18, 23, 27, 41, 94, 100–1, 123, 137, 141 Caesarea, 211 Fischer Yosef, 145, 147–8 Caplan Kimmy, 65 Fourth Aliyah, 29 Carpatho-Russia, 137 Frankel Hertz, 156 Certiﬁcate, 86, 142, 146–50, 152 Friedenberg M., 37 Chief Rabbinate, 24–6, 86, 183, 187–8, 191 Friedman David, 10 Christian fundamentalism, 12, 75 Friedman Menachem, 27 Christianity early, 203 Cohen Shaye, 210 Galicia, 94 Commandment observed through a Gang Ira, 92 transgression, 187 Gaon of Bendin, 28 Converts, 18, 32, 59–64, 66, 71 Gelbman Shlomo Yaacov, 137, 145, 148, Cooper Levi, 95, 100 151–2 Crime passionnel, 90 Gender control, 74 Gerrer Rebbe. See Alter Avraham Darash Menashe, 65–6 Mordechai Dawson Lorne, 123 Gewirt Yaakov Pinchas, 87 De Haan Jacob Israël, 17, 21, 23–8, 39 God’s honor, 219, 229 Peace treaty with the Hashemite dynasty, Suffer for, 119 27–8 Zeal for, 216 Deitsch Alexander (Sander), 133, 135 God’s name Democracy, 196 Desecration, 59, 61–2, 71, 83, 89, 106, Din rodef, 80 164 Disengagement (2005), 218 Glorify, 207 Diskin Yitzhak Yeruham, 21, 34 Sanctiﬁcation, 63, 71, 89, 109 Douglas Mary, 5, 86 Goldstein Baruch, 222 Dubnow Shimon, 96 Goldstein Moshe, 103–4, 106–7, 109, 113 Dushinsky Joseph Tzvi, 43, 45, 47, 53, 138, 162 Great Revolt against Rome, 203, 209–17, 229 Dweik Chaim Shaul, 104, 106, 183 Green Mandel, 82

Index 257

Greenwald Eliezer David, 139 Holtzman Moshe, 33 Gurary Shmariyahu, 167 Hopstein Yisrael (“the Maggid of Gush Emunim, 162, 208–9, 215 Kozhnitz”), 121 Horin Aharon, 7 Habad Hasidic movement, 96, 99, 108, Horowitz Avraham Simcha, 182 154, 162 Horsley Richard, 210, 224 HaCohen Israel Meir (the “Hafetz Haim”), Humphrey Herbert, 163 7, 99 Hungary’s schism of Jewish community, HaEdah HaHaredit, 14, 18, 26, 32, 43, 45, 173, 177 47, 55–6, 59, 61–2, 64–5, 69–70, 77, 83, 91, 131, 139, 152, 162, 169, Idel Moshe, 96, 117 184, 188, 234–5 Infertility, 66–8, 101 HaHayim association, 30, 39 Inﬁdel, 50, 54, 57–8, 185 HaHomah, 70 Islam, 106 Hakham Bashi Institution, 21, 24, 110 Islamic revolution in Iran, 13 Halakhah, 4, 7, 58, 76, 80, 89, 129, 198, Israel-Egypt peace accords, 218 202, 204, 219, 222 Halberstam Chaim, 192 Jacobson Yoram, 96 Halevy Binyamin, 144 Jerusalem Travels, 103, 125 Haredi Jesus, 222 Financial challange, 232 John the Baptist, 228 Military service, 233–4 Josephus, 203, 209, 224 Poverty, 238 Jungreis Reuven Shlomo, 26–7 Povery in New York, 237 Yeshivah crisis, 232 Kabbalah, 107, 183, 194, 196, 198 Harel Yaron, 110 Kadosh Refael, 197 Harmsworth Alfred Charles (“Lord Kahal Haredim Synagogue, 153 Northcliffe”), 26 Kahane David, 100, 103 Haskalah movement, 3 Karelitz Avraham Yeshayah (“Hazon Ish”), Hasmonean period. See Maccabean Revolt 52, 59 Hasmonean Revolt. See Maccabean Revolt Kashrut, 25 Hebrew University, 117 Kastner Yisrael (Rudolf), 144–5, 148 Hebron, 29, 41, 83, 222 Kastner’s Train, 142–9 Hengel Martin, 210, 212, 216, 222, 224 Katz Jacob, 3, 174 Herod, 213, 224 Katzenelbogen Aharon, 39, 45, 69 Herzl Theodor, 9, 70 Katzenelbogen Chaim, 70 Herzog Itzhak Halevi, 148 Keren-Kratz Menachem, 6–8, 15, 134, Hibbat Zion, 9 137–8, 140, 142, 153, 166, 171 High Holy seremons, 101 Khomeini Ayatollah, 75 Hillel House of, 223 Kinneret, 86 Hirsch Moshe, 70 Kiryas Yoel, 16, 161 Histadrut, 50, 54 Klal Yisrael, 4, 41, 185 Holiness of sin doctrine, 129 Klasenberg Ghetto, 143–5 Holocaust, 1–2, 11, 16, 18, 46, 50, 58, 102, Kliers Moshe, 34 128, 132–3, 139, 141, 146, 149, Knesset Israel, 26 167, 169, 172, 196, 201–2, 226 Kollel, 158 Denial, 1 Kollel Ungarin, 138 Divine punishement, 195 Komoly Otto, 144 Hungary, 140–9 Kook Avraham Yizhak, 24, 98, 114, 183, Punishment for Zionism, 207 186, 189–90, 208–9 Survivors, 1–2, 154–5, 172 Kook Zvi Yehuda, 195, 209, 218, 226

258 Index

Kraus Itzhak, 102 Meir Yaacov, 24 Krohle, 135, 138 Meisels Dovid, 133, 136, 141, 151, 156, 159, 163 Lamm Norman, 196 Menachem Mendel, 126 Land of Israel, 20, 27–8, 42, 53, 73, 85, 94, Menachem Mendel of Rimanov, 121 108, 111, 114, 117–19, 121, 128, Mendels Doron, 211 140, 146, 153, 181, 193, 204, 209, Mendelssohn Moses, 175 216, 227 Mercaz Harav Yeshivah, 209 Against Jewish emigration, 10, 46, 95, Meshi Zahav Yehuda, 70–1 102, 146–7, 202 Messianic Religious Zionism, 19, 203–4, Commandements, 33, 40–1, 189 208–9, 215, 217–19, 221, 224, 227, Conquest, 217 230 Emigration, 147, 149, 188, 195 Mikveh, 35, 236 Jewish sovereignty, 162, 174, 195, 215 Millet system, 21, 24 Settelement, 186 Minhat Elazar responsa, 100, 123 Settling, 114 Mixed Multitude, 99, 174, 178–9, 185–6, Spiritual essence, 11 188, 190, 194, 197, 228 Struggle for the, 224 Mizrahi Movement, 22, 52, 142 Torah study, 20, 189 Modesty, 152 Whole, 208, 218–19, 224, 230 Men, 35 Zeal, 219 Women, 35 Lev Ha’ivri, 173, 175 Modesty campaigns, 16–18, 74, 77, 90–2, Levin Meir Itcha, 91, 148 234 Lichtenstein Hillel, 174 Modesty patrols, 17–18, 77–8, 81–4, 135, Liebes Yehuda, 183, 203 199, 229 Liebman Charles, 92, 223 Mohilever Shmuel, 9 Loew Judah (“the Maharal of Prague”), 196 Moses prophet, 179, 189, 205, 216 Lubavitcher Rebbe. See Schneerson Moshian shel Yisrael, 133 Menachem Mendel Munkacser Rebbe. See Shapira, Chaim Lupoliansky Uri, 91 Elazar Luria Yitzhak, 178 Myers David, 220

Maccabean period, 229 Nachman of Breslov, 97, 126 Maccabean Revolt, 203, 206, 215, 221–2, Nadler Allan, 95, 102 229 Nazi Germany, 118 Maggid of Zlotchov, 105 Nazi occupation Mahzikei HaDat society, 9 Hungary, 131 Maimonides, 41, 79, 98, 114, 116, 176, 196 Nazi persecutions, 119 Mandelbaum Gate, 51 Nazis, 95 Mapai, 50, 87 Nazism, 29, 111 Marcus Joel, 203 Netanyahu Benjamin, 168 Margaliot Yeshayah Asher Zelig, 17, 40, 84, Neturei Karta, 14–15, 21, 28–31, 39, 47, 103–4, 108–9, 125, 173–4, 182–91, 49, 61, 64, 73, 76–7, 91, 93, 151–2, 198, 201–3, 228 168, 170–1, 174, 184, 186, 207, 234 Mark Zvi, 97, 115, 126 Against education reforms, 53–7 Marmaros, 8, 134, 140 Against mixed swimming, 84–7 Masada, 221 Against participation in elections, 57–9 Mashmia Yeshua, 100 Boycotts, 55 Matitiyahu, 206, 216, 227 Club Affair, 87 Meah She’arim, 47, 50–1, 60, 69, 71, 77–9, Elections for HaEdah HaHaredit, 44 81–2, 84, 87–8, 235 Founding document, 39–42

Index 259

in Teheran, 1 Redemption Pulsa dinura, 86, 91 Activism, 104, 125 Sabbath demonstrations, 50–3 Akvta demeshicha, 194 Non violence, 53, 202, 208, 219–20, 225 Apocalyptic, 191, 214, 222, 226 By conquest, 217 Old Yishuv, 9–10, 17, 20–2, 24–5, 27, 29, Catastrophic, 101, 176, 200, 214 31–5, 38, 41–2, 45, 76, 83, 88, 100, Collective, 97 102–3, 110–12, 114–15, 117, 158, Demonology, 11, 184, 200, 202 182, 184, 187–9, 191 Dualism, 174, 184, 192, 200 On Redemption and Change, 163 End calculations, 120, 127, 182 Or Liyesharim, 10 Eschatology, 212–13, 224, 228 Orshiva, 137–9 False messianism, 11, 50 Orthodoxy, 3, 5, 8, 76, 201, 223, 237 Footsteps of the messiah, 49, 98, 117, Hungarian, 2, 6 149, 177 Jerusalem, 2 Hasidism, 95–9 Neo, 6, 98, 175 Imminent, 163, 169, 174, 200, 207, non. See Secularity 213–14, 222, 226, 228, 230 Radical Ultra, 6–7, 11–12, 17, 30, 129, Individual, 96 199, 204, 207–8, 214–15, 219–21, Magical prayers, 116 223–31, 239 Messiah, 17, 42, 94, 101, 103–11, 119, Ultra, 2, 22 125, 210, 224 Oslo Accords, 218 Messianic expectations, 12, 127 Miraculous, 10, 59, 196, 219 Passivity, 214, 217, 227 Natural, 10, 49, 98, 189, 192, 208–9, Pessimism, 198 213, 215 Pharisees, 209, 228 Pangs of messiah, 98, 100, 149–50, 225 Piekarz Mendel, 136, 155, 168 Passivity, 40, 42, 96, 116 Pikuach nefesh, 142, 235 Personal, 97 Pinchas (Bible), 89, 179, 204–7, Progressive. See Redemption: Natural 216, 229 Quotes from the Talmud, 193 PLO, 164 Repentance, 223 Fatah, 170 War of Gog and Magog, 100 Po’alei Agudat Yisrael, 54, 149 Reform Judaism, 3, 175–7, 179, 201 Porush Moshe, 55, 148 Rehovot ha-Nahar Yeshivah, 100, 104, 183 Predestination, 194 Reincarnation, 185, 189, 205 Pressburg, 174 Religious Zionism, 182, 186–7, 195. See Pressburg Yeshivah, 21, 38 Messianic Religious Zionism Prostitutes, 82 Rokach Aharon (“the Belzer Admor”), 146 Pulsa dinura, 86, 91, 186 Roth Aharon, 200 Pursuer. See Din Rodef Rubin Israel, 151, 156, 165

Qumran sect, 203, 228 Sabbatean movement, 95–6 Sadducees, 176, 180, 209, 228 Ra’aya Mehemana, 178 Safed, 29, 41, 60, 103, 110, 117 Rabble. See Mixed Multitude Safrin Yaakov Moshe, 100, 107–8, 125, Rabinowitz Haya, 99 127 Rabinowitz Moshe Yechiel, 156 Safrin Yitzhak Eizik Yehuda Yehiel Ramat Gan, 84–5 (“Komarno Rebbe”), 96 Ramatayim Tzoﬁm, 33–4, 36, 38, 41 Salmon Yosef, 11 Rappel Yoel, 69 Samet Moshe, 4 Ravitzky Aviezer, 11, 46, 95 Samuel prophet, 179

260 Index

Satan, 6, 49, 84, 123, 163–4, 169, 177, 185, Sofer Moshe (the “Hatam Sofer”), 7–8, 38, 187, 189–90, 192–4, 207, 219, 228 174–5, 180 Satanic powers, 6, 11, 17, 19, 174 Sofer Shimon, 9 Satmar, 2, 14–15, 135, 139, 143, 146 Sofer Shmuel Binyamin (the “Ktav Sofer”), Satmar Hasidim, 2, 155, 158, 161, 170, 21, 38, 174 198–9, 214, 220, 238–9 Sokolov Rebbe, 28 Demographics, 239 Soloveitchik Chaim, 10 Demonstrations, 2, 163, 238 Soloveitchik Yitzhak Zeev (the “Brisker Talmud Torah, 159 Rebbe”), 53, 59, 83, 151, 162 Satmar Rebbe. See Teitelbaum Yoel Soloveitchik Yosef-Dov, 151 Schiff Chaim, 86 Song of Songs, 65, 104, 108 Schlesinger Akiva Yosef, 16, 33, 173–4, 188 Sonnenfeld Yosef Chaim, 21–2, 24, 26–7, Schneerson Menachem Mendel, 108, 127– 29, 34, 39, 138 8, 167–70 Sorotzkin David, 3, 173, 192, 196 Schneerson Shalom Dover, 10 Soviet Union, 118 Schneerson Yosef Yitzhak, 95, 114, 149, Spiro Abram, 205 167, 169 Spitzer Asher Lemel, 115 Scholem Gershom, 96 Sprinzak Ehud, 53 Schtraks Nachman, 60 State of Israel, 1–2, 11, 14, 31, 44–6, 48–50, Schumacher Yossele, 60, 171 52, 54, 56–7, 71, 73, 83, 128, 131, Secularity, 204, 208, 215, 219, 223, 226 163, 169–71, 195, 209, 215, 218, Segal Eliezer, 206 226, 230–1, 233–4, 239 Segalov Pinchas, 52 Support of among New York Jews, 237 Self-hating Jews, 164, 170 Streimel, 159, 199 Sha’ar Shamayim Yeshivah, 183 Strong Religion, 12 Shammai House of, 223, 230 Stropkov Hasidic court, 88 Shapira Chaim Elazar, 11, 17–18, 94, 96, Swimming pools, 84–5 99, 112–13, 129, 183, 200–1, Sziget, 134–5, 138, 140 226 Curses, 101–2 Tahomi Avraham, 28 Dispute with Avraham Mordechai Alter, Talmud, 187, 201, 205, 220 111–15 Babylonian, 177, 184, 193, 195, 206–7, prophetic failure, 123 229 redemption prayers, 116–21 Talmudei Torah, 35, 53, 114 Travel to Jerusalem, 103–11 Teichtel Yissachar Shlomo, 149 Shapira Haya Frumme Rivka, 100 Teitelbaum Aharon, 238 Shapira Shlomo, 94 Teitelbaum Alta Feiga, 140, 165, 171, 238 Shapira Zvi Elimelech, 99, 129, 179, 192 Teitelbaum Chaim Zvi, 114, 135, 137 Shapira Zvi Hirsch, 94, 107 Teitelbaum Chananiya Yom Tov, 135 Sharabi Shlomo, 183 Teitelbaum Chava, 139 Sheinberger Yitzhak, 152 Teitelbaum Chaya Roiza, 140, 142, 148 Shilo Margalit, 84 Teitelbaum Eliezer Nissan, 134 Shmuel Hanavi tomb, 32 Teitelbaum Hanania Yom Tov Lipa, 134 Shneler Raphael, 56 Teitelbaum Moshe, 7, 134, 165–6, 171, 238 Shtetl, 74, 161, 199 Teitelbaum Yekutiel Yehuda, 1, 129, 134, 171 Shulhan Arukh, 64 Teitelbaum Yekutiel Yude, 147, 150, 166 Sicarii, 209–11 Teitelbaum Yoel, 2, 11, 15, 18, 65, 88, 102, Silber Michael, 6 114, 128, 171, 173–4, 199, 201–2, 207 Sitra Ahra. See Satan Against reforms in education, 199 Six Days War, 208, 218 Appointed Satmar’s Rebbe 1934, 139 Slabodka Yeshivah, 83 Ban on ballgames, 159

Index 261

Compared with Amram Blau, 170–1 Wasserman Elhanan Bonim, 99, 168 Compared with Menachem Mendel Weitzman Steve, 104 Schneerson, 167–70 Weizmann Chaim, 28 Death, 165–6 Western Wall, 106, 163, 182 Early days, 135–6 When Prophecy Fails, 123 HaEdah HaHaredit, 162 Williamsburg, New York, 2, 161, 169, Ideology, 191–8 238 in Jerusalem, 149–54 Women in New York, 154–65 Against gender equality, 199 Education, 155–8 Against military draft, 48 Kiryas Yoel, 161–2 Against participating in elections, 58 Modesty, 158–61 Code of dress, 79–80 in Orshiva, 137–8 Education, 17, 54, 56, 78, 157–8, 199, 229 in Switzerland, 148–9 Immodest cloths, 83 Kastner’s Train, 142–9 Male’s responsibility to suprevise, 79 On Redemption and Change, 163 Modesty, 93, 117, 180 Rejecting immigration certiﬁcate 1940, Puchase of land, 34 141–2 Taliban Sect, 234–6 Rejection of zealotry, 164–5 To look like a, 84 Schism in Satmar, 166 Wigs, 160, 181, 199 Trip to Jerusalem 1932, 149–54 Working Mothers’ organization, 87 VaYoel Moshe, 1, 147, 162, 201 Teitelbaum Zalman Leib, 238 Yechiel Michal, (the Maggid of Zlotchov), 96 Teitelbaum Zalman-Leib (son of Chaim Yetev Lev D’Satmar congregation, 155 Zvi), 138 Yiddish, 14, 16, 51, 54, 156–7, 175–6, 180 Temple heavenly, 193 Yishuv (Zionist), 38–9, 48, 84, 152 Test of faith, 49, 179, 185, 188–9, 198, 200, 213–14, 226 Zadeh Nathan Eden, 222 Three Oaths, 46, 49, 58, 104, 128, 141, Zealotry, 8, 16, 18–19, 72, 90, 110, 127, 180, 189, 195, 201, 220 151, 164–5, 170, 172, 180–1, 202–6, Tiberias beach, 86, 88 210, 212, 216, 219–23, 227, 229 Tikkun Hatzot, 104 Ancient, 19, 204–7, 212, 214–17, 221–2, Tikkun Olam, 113–15 224–9 Tikunei Hazohar, 178 Martyrdom, 221–2 Tishbi Yeshayah, 126, 178 Rejection of zealotry, 164–5 Titus, 211 Zionism, 4, 9–11, 22, 24, 29, 42, 98, 101, Toldot Aharon Hasidic movement, 14 111, 114, 141, 146, 149, 151–2, Trumpeldor Yosef, 221 154, 168, 174, 182, 208, 217 Tzadik, 97, 101, 107, 111, 115, 120–2, Anti, 2, 9–10, 18, 24, 31, 41, 45, 49, 58–9, 124–8, 134 72, 95, 102, 118, 128, 131, 133, 147, Tzadikim tombs of, 109 151–2, 161–4, 168, 183, 188, 190, 192, 194–5, 197–8, 208, 214, 219– UJA–Federation of New York, 237–8 20, 223, 226–7 Ujhely, 134–5 Support for, 137, 140–2, 147–8, 152, 183, 186, 194, 208 Van Maarseveen Johanna, 23 Zionist movement, 208–9 Vespasian, 211 Zionist National Committee, 28 Visionary of Lublin, 121, 134 Zohar Book of, 106, 108, 178, 183 Vital Chaim, 178 Zvi Shabtai, 178, 194