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Minting America: Coinage and the Contestation of American Identity, 1775-1800
ABSTRACT MINTING AMERICA: COINAGE AND THE CONTESTATION OF AMERICAN IDENTITY, 1775-1800 by James Patrick Ambuske “Minting America” investigates the ideological and culture links between American identity and national coinage in the wake of the American Revolution. In the Confederation period and in the Early Republic, Americans contested the creation of a national mint to produce coins. The catastrophic failure of the paper money issued by the Continental Congress during the War for Independence inspired an ideological debate in which Americans considered the broader implications of a national coinage. More than a means to conduct commerce, many citizens of the new nation saw coins as tangible representations of sovereignty and as a mechanism to convey the principles of the Revolution to future generations. They contested the physical symbolism as well as the rhetorical iconology of these early national coins. Debating the stories that coinage told helped Americans in this period shape the contours of a national identity. MINTING AMERICA: COINAGE AND THE CONTESTATION OF AMERICAN IDENTITY, 1775-1800 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History by James Patrick Ambuske Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2006 Advisor______________________ Andrew Cayton Reader_______________________ Carla Pestana Reader_______________________ Daniel Cobb Table of Contents Introduction: Coining Stories………………………………………....1 Chapter 1: “Ever to turn brown paper -
How to Collect Coins a Fun, Useful, and Educational Guide to the Hobby
$4.95 Valuable Tips & Information! LITTLETON’S HOW TO CCOLLECTOLLECT CCOINSOINS ✓ Find the answers to the top 8 questions about coins! ✓ Are there any U.S. coin types you’ve never heard of? ✓ Learn about grading coins! ✓ Expand your coin collecting knowledge! ✓ Keep your coins in the best condition! ✓ Learn all about the different U.S. Mints and mint marks! WELCOME… Dear Collector, Coins reflect the culture and the times in which they were produced, and U.S. coins tell the story of America in a way that no other artifact can. Why? Because they have been used since the nation’s beginnings. Pathfinders and trendsetters – Benjamin Franklin, Robert E. Lee, Teddy Roosevelt, Marilyn Monroe – you, your parents and grandparents have all used coins. When you hold one in your hand, you’re holding a tangible link to the past. David M. Sundman, You can travel back to colonial America LCC President with a large cent, the Civil War with a two-cent piece, or to the beginning of America’s involvement in WWI with a Mercury dime. Every U.S. coin is an enduring legacy from our nation’s past! Have a plan for your collection When many collectors begin, they may want to collect everything, because all different coin types fascinate them. But, after gaining more knowledge and experience, they usually find that it’s good to have a plan and a focus for what they want to collect. Although there are various ways (pages 8 & 9 list a few), building a complete date and mint mark collection (such as Lincoln cents) is considered by many to be the ultimate achievement. -
Inside the U.S. Mint
#9246 IINNSSIIDDEE TTHHEE UU..SS.. MMIINNTT AMBROSE VIDEO PUBLISHING 2000 Grade Levels: 9-13+ 50 minutes 1 Instructional Graphic Enclosed DESCRIPTION Describes the process of minting U.S. coins: creating and selecting their designs, finding correct metals, creating new dies, striking and inspecting new coins. Features the gold-refining process for the Canadian gold Maple Leaf and the enormously complex problems faced when replacing the national currencies of Europe with the new Euro-dollar. ACADEMIC STANDARDS Subject Area: Civics • Standard: Understands how the United States Constitution grants and distributes power and responsibilities to national and state government and how it seeks to prevent the abuse of power Benchmark: Knows which powers are primarily exercised by the state governments (e.g., education, law enforcement, roads), which powers are prohibited to state governments (e.g., coining money, conducting foreign relations, interfering with interstate commerce), and which powers are shared by state and national governments (e.g., power to tax, borrow money, regulate voting) Subject Area: Economics • Standard: Understands basic features of market structures and exchanges Benchmark: Knows that the basic money supply is usually measured as the total value of coins, currency, and checking account deposits held by the public INSTRUCTIONAL GOALS 1. To observe coin-making inside the U.S. Mint. 2. To present the Royal Canadian Mint. 3. To illustrate the process of European countries switching to the Euro dollar. 4. To provide statistics on minted coins. 1 Captioned Media Program VOICE 800-237-6213 • TTY 800-237-6819 • FAX 800-538-5636 • EMAIL [email protected] • WEB www.cfv.org Funding for the Captioned Media Program is provided by the U.S. -
Longacre's Ledger
Longacre's Ledger The Journal of the Flying Eagle and Indian Cent Collector's Society Vol. 10.3, Issue #45 WWW.FLYINCLUB.COM September 2000 Contents Featured Articles Misaligned dies and strike-though errors Index ofback issues and descriptions of •.•........................ By Ken Hill Longaae ~ Ledger. More about the 1858/7S-7 (LL) ...................... By John Smith .. By Rick Snow Analysis ofthe 1862 S-4 A new counterfeit to watch for ................. By Tim Cartwright ............... By Marvin Erickson 1907 Double struck Indian Cent Columns ..................... By Chris Pi/liod How many are there, anyway?..By Jerry Wysong Finding the elusive early die state 1858/7 Sl Something new!.. By Rick Snow ....................... By John Sndth Membership $20 per calender year - P.O. Box 13891, Reading, PA 19612 A Buyer's and Enthusiast's Guide to Flying Eagle and Indian Cents owers and Merena is pleased to offer one of Dave Bowers' most popular and Binformative books,A Buyer's andEnthusiast's Guide to Flying Eagle andIndian Cents. This volume is over 500 pages in length, and is a comprehensive discussion ofall aspects ofFlying Eagle and Indian cents from 1856 through 1909. Chapters are devoted to grading, past and present market conditions, aspects ofrarity, the minting process, and more, all accompanied by many high-quality illustrations. Each individual issue is given a chapter of its own, which discusses market values over the years, rarities at different grade levels ofeach piece, market tips, things to watch for when buying, the number of dies used, important die varieties and unusual features, and more. [n some instances over a dozen pages are devoted to a single coin date! A beginning collector as well as an experienced dealer will find this volume to contain much information not available elsewhere and to be a one-book library on the subject. -
M S Noted Singers Are Coining to Showboat Threespecialsaledays
LEDGER ENTRIES MS -nd ALTO SOU) Being a Collection of Variom Topics of Local asd LOWELL, MICHIGAN. THURSDAY, JULY 26, 1934 General Interest FORTY-SECOND YEAR NO.l0 LOCKJAW FROM THE SOIL Pauline Gardner Exc/iange Group pR||||ARY SLATE T HAS been staled that what Odds nncl Ends killed John Roth Weisheimer Is River Victim may lake Over I just as boyhood was unfolding Here and Tliere before him was that deadly, soil- Noted Singers Are borne infection, tetanus, which I Near Portland Canning Works COMPLETED FOR we commonly call lockjaw, i Pithy Points Picked I'p and There is no place in which hu- Miss Pauline Gardner, 19, was Negotiations are pending be-ljAII DITKI ft C C Pally Put Br Our Peripa- man beings have lived in which the victim of a heart attack last tween Mr. Lawn-mv Rutherford r/lLL iVUlVUrr tetic Pencil Pusher the tetanus germ may not be I Friday night while wading in and the l-jnergency Exchange As- found. All that protects the; Coining To Showboat'(iran d River at Electric Park sociation of Grand Rapids to use barefoot boy from its deadly in-j near Portland. She had gone to the Edwin Fallas (inning fac- Free port will ho|«i its Annual fection is the fact that nature the park with a party of young tory to can all farm commodities PETITIONS OF CANDIDATE^ Homecoming on September 1st. has provided the sole of the foot people, chaperoned by JJrs. Hu- for the association's store. FILED TUESDAY—BIG CON- with such a tough, thick, almost ibert Fryover of Portland, at Clare M. -
THE WORLD of COINS an Introduction to Numismatics
THE WORLD OF COINS An Introduction to Numismatics Jeff Garrett Table of Contents The World of Coins .................................................... Page 1 The Many Ways to Collect Coins .............................. Page 4 Series Collecting ........................................................ Page 6 Type Collecting .......................................................... Page 8 U.S. Proof Sets and Mint Sets .................................... Page 10 Commemorative Coins .............................................. Page 16 Colonial Coins ........................................................... Page 20 Pioneer Gold Coins .................................................... Page 22 Pattern Coins .............................................................. Page 24 Modern Coins (Including Proofs) .............................. Page 26 Silver Eagles .............................................................. Page 28 Ancient Coins ............................................................. Page 30 World Coins ............................................................... Page 32 Currency ..................................................................... Page 34 Pedigree and Provenance ........................................... Page 40 The Rewards and Risks of Collecting Coins ............. Page 44 The Importance of Authenticity and Grade ............... Page 46 National Numismatic Collection ................................ Page 50 Conclusion ................................................................. Page -
Roman Coins Elementary Manual
^1 If5*« ^IP _\i * K -- ' t| Wk '^ ^. 1 Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google PROTAT BROTHERS, PRINTBRS, MACON (PRANCi) Digitized by Google ROMAN COINS ELEMENTARY MANUAL COMPILED BY CAV. FRANCESCO gNECCHI VICE-PRBSIDENT OF THE ITALIAN NUMISMATIC SOaETT, HONORARY MEMBER OF THE LONDON, BELGIAN AND SWISS NUMISMATIC SOCIBTIES. 2"^ EDITION RKVISRD, CORRECTED AND AMPLIFIED Translated by the Rev<> Alfred Watson HANDS MEMBF,R OP THE LONDON NUMISMATIC SOCIETT LONDON SPINK & SON 17 & l8 PICCADILLY W. — I & 2 GRACECHURCH ST. B.C. 1903 (ALL RIGHTS RF^ERVED) Digitized by Google Arc //-/7^. K.^ Digitized by Google ROMAN COINS ELEMENTARY MANUAL AUTHOR S PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION In the month of July 1898 the Rev. A. W. Hands, with whom I had become acquainted through our common interests and stud- ieSy wrote to me asking whether it would be agreeable to me and reasonable to translate and publish in English my little manual of the Roman Coinage, and most kindly offering to assist me, if my knowledge of the English language was not sufficient. Feeling honoured by the request, and happy indeed to give any assistance I could in rendering this science popular in other coun- tries as well as my own, I suggested that it would he probably less trouble ii he would undertake the translation himselt; and it was with much pleasure and thankfulness that I found this proposal was accepted. It happened that the first edition of my Manual was then nearly exhausted, and by waiting a short time I should be able to offer to the English reader the translation of the second edition, which was being rapidly prepared with additions and improvements. -
Paper Money and the Original Understanding of the Coinage Clause
PAPER MONEY AND THE ORIGINAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE COINAGE CLAUSE ROBERT G. NATELSON * “The Congress shall have Power . To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin . .” – Constitution of the United States 1 “Poor? Look upon his face. What call you rich? Let them coin his nose, let them coin his cheeks.” – William Shakespeare 2 Over a century ago, the Supreme Court decided the Legal Tender Cases , holding that Congress could authorize legal tender paper money in addition to metallic coin. In recent years, some commentators have argued that this holding was incorrect as a matter of original under- standing or original meaning, but that any other holding would be ab- solutely inconsistent with modern needs. They further argue that the impracticality of functioning without paper money demonstrates that originalism is not a workable method of constitutional interpretation. * Professor of Law, The University of Montana School of Law. Researching this Article required extensive use of Founding-era legal sources not customarily con- sulted by American legal scholars. I am particularly grateful to many helpful and intelligent librarians. These include the staff and administration of the Bodleian Law Library, University of Oxford; Dr. Norma Aubertin-Potter, Chief Librarian of the Codrington Library at All Souls College, University of Oxford; Dr. Vanessa Hayward, Keeper of the Middle Temple Library, London, and her staff; Ms. Vir- ginia Dunn and the Archives Research Services staff at the Library of Virginia, Richmond; and Professor Stacey Gordon, Phil Cousineau, and Bob Peck, all at the Jameson Law Library at The University of Montana. I would also like to thank Professors Randy E. -
MEDIEVAL COINS – an Introduction
MEDIEVAL COINS – An Introduction Richard Kelleher, Fitzwilliam Museum and Barrie Cook, British Museum PART 1. BACKGROUND 1) Early coinage (c.600-860s) This early phase saw the emergence of a gold coinage on a small scale inspired by imported Merovingian coins. Over the 7 th century the gold gave way to a much more extensive silver currency Shilling/Tremissis/‘Thrymsa’ (early 7 th century) The first indigenous English coins imitated Frankish tremisses with occasional Roman or Byzantine influences. They are often referred to as ‘thrymsas’ but there is no evidence for the use of this word in the period. They were struck in Kent and London and (probably) York. Weight: c.1.28g Diameter: 12mm Metal: Gold Design: various but often an obverse bust and some form of reverse cross. A few have inscriptions. As UK finds: Extremely rare. Penny/Sceat/‘Sceatta’ (c.660-mid 8 th century) After a transitional phase comprising base gold coins the silver penny emerged c.660-680. These small, thick coins were of a similar size to the gold shillings. The use of the name ‘sceatta’ which one often sees was not a contemporary term. Weight: c.1.10g Diameter: 12mm Metal: Silver Design: Huge variety in imagery including busts, crosses, plants, birds and animals. As UK finds: Common. Penny/‘Styca’ Coinage in the kingdom of Northumbria developed differently to that elsewhere in the late 8 th and 9 th centuries. The silver pennies became debased until they were essentially copper. They were produced in large quantities. Weight: c.1.2g Diameter: mm Metal: Copper Design: Inscription around a central pellet or cross, naming the ruler and moneyer. -
© Copyright 2013 Allan E. Lumba
© Copyright 2013 Allan E. Lumba Monetary Authorities: Market Knowledge and Imperial Government in the Colonial Philippines, 1892 – 1942 Allan E. Lumba A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2013 Reading Committee Vicente L. Rafael, Chair Laurie J. Sears Moon-Ho Jung Program Authorized to Offer Degree: History University of Washington Abstract Monetary Authorities: Market Knowledge and Imperial Government in the Colonial Philippines, 1892 – 1942 By Allan E. Lumba Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Vicente L. Rafael Department of History This dissertation argues that, from the twilight of the Spanish colonial era through the entire official American colonial insular period, the history of authority over money in the colonial Philippines reveals the emerging dominance of an authority based on knowledge of the market rather than an authority grounded strictly in sovereign power. The dominance of knowledge-based authority, especially through the first half of the twentieth century, was brought about by two specific historical changes: the positioning of the modern state as steward of the development of social life through capital and the increased intervention of the economic expert. Through close readings of multilingual archives relating to monetary, banking, and financial policies, my dissertation tracks how the legitimacy of imperial government became heavily dependent upon the colonial state’s capacity to manage and stabilize the monetary and financial system for the economic and social benefit of its subjects. Thus, despite the United States’ growing global economic hegemony, the American colonial state in the Philippines increasingly found itself beholden to the authority of the economic expert, an authority based on ! ""! its access to the seemingly natural laws of the market that both the state and the common public found illegible. -
Maryland Gazette 04-1776.Pdf
», . •'-• ie^E>;.-.-«.»'ii - -^"^ , \ F tr "^ *' :!•-.-,-jpr" o JhtV n"~f"!.;<«*,:.-„' ~**Jfr—fl"Tin** •t;'v^.- 1'g.M hooks'. mer. tt tt & ueUiay! < i"!-.fiH' huul*. Hloti* and defperate .ag that tparitt to .other* wbkb tbe author ail* iaj acnf, Wnft cifave* ffgifhimfelf ? « Whcf the author rf rode? ^ ricarioft ii (layii he) U'whoUy aAneceuiiry to They who t« necefcryto the , I for *<< are Ae *f*rn«nent { and if we cannot .an thj* (eiuence be reconciled to n who. « ibout C«*, who ind whit be i* : tub, the-.' Je, andv, t. •••uWhic . atiouirli. e t if he,: fctbearm* '--*i: t'- .t .t« *T , .^ one or- part with hi* itij? ia his Let. in infilling hii icrlp up both .1 ihouldhe therefore and the- If «hat i* called &*•»« i«> be t-workt,: MA jitrr. it If invulaersWe. a»a iewry attack for the ilfwiB hot add the author*/ trininph. diftance, (MMlr e/ Blti* inftance*, ,to be- it home, 'LINGS, to tbe flnmct of a barbej tea gW***4-«yoT of tbefi kttcr*. n iavolvedof the mat- debttd to though or open civil djfleti ir refpeo- bawl eatoarl* >nger in- ^-7 IT". *7, 'I * i» " w« fciv* redk rttt verted to,, of your parliament, fpr forget the ttBBMa* we are :o enforce quillity ta your.doiDvii more^bk^iA «*^we are——^im.t. inse-i* *.-. £.^^J|ipewn, t|Hn to tbe rnind* of .all jogr tnd feme upon .the. other i bat the gnu body of •ftjaftjri COOMtV, HJVALL., We conceive, that "* »77_ '._«?_ Oeigk, thmfbrt, rtdft tTraciotw fcvtieign toaftetfd the people can pave any inter* kparate from their people, otherwise than to Bunifcft rea«>*t 4d**rUTby th« aflWkionate vWc* of country, er (when fairly undtift ment (although it be k ^^a*tfiaV«*flbt)e«ght4obe * duty and fidelity { IH**«b4* a* w* art for tbb honour 5»nottob*hi»gTned If C*to mayoebeliered', heeea extremely rare, and of our couritry, we dUUMf t>* forgetful of it* peatV ami cbetfcienrioxmV tvl* himielf with thii great body, aad ntceffiryt wVhjwe . -
The Birth of Coinage
Columbia University Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series The Birth of Coinage Robert A. Mundell Discussion Paper #:0102-08 Department of Economics Columbia University New York, NY 10027 February 2002 The Birth of Coinage Robert Mundell Columbia University September 1999 Introduction 1. Greek Weights and Values 2. Antecedents in Babylonia 3. The Talent Weight and the Talent Value 4. Attributes of Coinage 5. Literary Evidence 6. Developments in Lydia 7. Characteristics of the Early coins 8. Art Periods 9. Weight and Purity 10..Conclusions Prepared for publication in the Zagreb Journal of Economics, 1999. 1 The introduction of coinage marks an important innovation in the history of money and a transition in the development of civilization itself. Sometime in the first millennium BC, coinage was invented, probably in Asia Minor, and it rapidly spread throughout the Mediterranean area. Tradition attributes the invention to Lydia but it quickly became a Greek affair. Wherever Greeks settled coinage followed. In the span of hardly a century the innovation had become established around the Aegean area, Sicily, southern Italy, southern France, Spain, Libya and the Black Sea. It was also taken up by neighboring peoples, including the Persians, the Etruscans and the Carthaginians. Coinage is a subject of interest for many disciplines: history, archaeology, metrology, numismatics, epigraphy, linguistics, classics, metallurgy, history of art, political science and of course economics. Its literature is enormous. Nevertheless, some of the