Gigantic Relative of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Gigantic Relative of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known Gigantic Relative Of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known Feathered Dinosaur - April 09, 2012 Asian Scientist Magazine | Science, Technology and Medicine News Updates From Asia - http://www.asianscientist.com Gigantic Relative Of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known Feathered Dinosaur April 09, 2012 http://www.asianscientist.com/2012/04/in-the-lab/relative-t-rex-largest-feathered-dinosaur-yutyrannus- huali-2012-2/ AsianScientist (Apr. 9, 2012) - Chinese and Canadian paleontologists have discovered three specimens of a new tyrannosauroid from Northeastern China that had bird-like feathers. The name of the new species, Yutyrannus huali, means "beautiful feathered tyrant" in a combination of Latin and Mandarin. The specimens were collected from a single quarry in Cretaceous beds in Liaoning Province, and are described in the journal Nature. "Yutyrannus dramatically increases the size range of dinosaurs for which we have definite evidence of feathers," said lead author Professor Xu Xing of Beijing’s Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology. "It’s possible that feathers were much more widespread, at least among the meat-eating dinosaurs, than most scientists would have guessed even a few years ago." For more than a decade, it was known that some small dinosaurs had bird-like feathers, thanks to beautifully preserved fossils from northeastern China. The new specimen however, is much larger than previous finds. The researchers estimate that an adult Yutyrannus would have been about 9 meters long and weighed about 1400 kg, making it considerably smaller than its infamous relative Tyrannosaurus rex but some 40 times the weight of the largest previously known feathered dinosaur, Beipiaosaurus. 1 / 3 Gigantic Relative Of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known Feathered Dinosaur - April 09, 2012 Asian Scientist Magazine | Science, Technology and Medicine News Updates From Asia - http://www.asianscientist.com The large size of Yutyrannus and the downy structure of its feathers would have made flight impossible, but the feathers may have had another important function – insulation. While the Cretaceous Period was generally very warm, Yutyrannus lived during the middle part of the Early Cretaceous, when temperatures are thought to have been somewhat cooler. "The idea that primitive feathers could have been for insulation rather than flight has been around for a long time," said Dr. Corwin Sullivan, a Canadian paleontologist involved in the study. "However, large-bodied animals typically can retain heat quite easily, and actually have more of a potential problem with overheating. That makes Yutyrannus, which is large and downright shaggy, a bit of a surprise." 2 / 3 Gigantic Relative Of T. Rex, Yutyrannus Huali, Is Largest Known Feathered Dinosaur - April 09, 2012 Asian Scientist Magazine | Science, Technology and Medicine News Updates From Asia - http://www.asianscientist.com The article can be found at: Xu X et al. (2012) A gigantic feathered dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China. ------ Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences; Photo illustration: Dr. Brian Choo/CAS. Disclaimer: This article does not necessarily reflect the views of AsianScientist or its staff. 3 / 3 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org).
Recommended publications
  • Offer Your Guests a Visually Stunning and Interactive Experience They Won’T Find Anywhere Else World of Animals
    Creative Arts & Attractions Offer Your Guests a Visually Stunning and Interactive Experience They Won’t Find Anywhere Else World of Animals Entertain guests with giant illuminated, eye-catching displays of animals from around the world. Animal displays are made in the ancient Eastern tradition of lantern-making with 3-D metal frames, fiberglass, and acrylic materials. Unique and captivating displays will provide families and friends with a lifetime of memories. Animatronic Dinosaurs Fascinate patrons with an impressive visual spectacle in our exhibitions. Featured with lifelike appearances, vivid movements and roaring sounds. From the very small to the gigantic dinosaurs, we have them all. Everything needed for a realistic and immersive experience for your patrons. Providing interactive options for your event including riding dinosaurs and dinosaur inflatable slides. Enhancing your merchandise stores with dinosaur balloons and toys. Animatronic Dinosaur Options Abelisaurus Maiasaura Acrocanthosaurus Megalosaurus Agilisaurus Olorotitan arharensis Albertosaurus Ornithomimus Allosaurus Ouranosaurus nigeriensis Ankylosaurus Oviraptor philoceratops Apatosaurus Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Archaeopteryx Parasaurolophus Baryonyx Plateosaurus Brachiosaurus Protoceratops andrewsi Carcharodontosaurus Pterosauria Carnotaurus Pteranodon longiceps Ceratosaurus Raptorex Coelophysis Rugops Compsognathus Spinosaurus Deinonychus Staurikosaurus pricei Dilophosaurus Stegoceras Diplodocus Stegosaurus Edmontosaurus Styracosaurus Eoraptor Lunensis Suchomimus
    [Show full text]
  • A New Raptorial Dinosaur with Exceptionally Long Feathering Provides Insights Into Dromaeosaurid flight Performance
    ARTICLE Received 11 Apr 2014 | Accepted 11 Jun 2014 | Published 15 Jul 2014 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5382 A new raptorial dinosaur with exceptionally long feathering provides insights into dromaeosaurid flight performance Gang Han1, Luis M. Chiappe2, Shu-An Ji1,3, Michael Habib4, Alan H. Turner5, Anusuya Chinsamy6, Xueling Liu1 & Lizhuo Han1 Microraptorines are a group of predatory dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaurs with aero- dynamic capacity. These close relatives of birds are essential for testing hypotheses explaining the origin and early evolution of avian flight. Here we describe a new ‘four-winged’ microraptorine, Changyuraptor yangi, from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of China. With tail feathers that are nearly 30 cm long, roughly 30% the length of the skeleton, the new fossil possesses the longest known feathers for any non-avian dinosaur. Furthermore, it is the largest theropod with long, pennaceous feathers attached to the lower hind limbs (that is, ‘hindwings’). The lengthy feathered tail of the new fossil provides insight into the flight performance of microraptorines and how they may have maintained aerial competency at larger body sizes. We demonstrate how the low-aspect-ratio tail of the new fossil would have acted as a pitch control structure reducing descent speed and thus playing a key role in landing. 1 Paleontological Center, Bohai University, 19 Keji Road, New Shongshan District, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province 121013, China. 2 Dinosaur Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA. 3 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 26 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beijing 100037, China. 4 University of Southern California, Health Sciences Campus, BMT 403, Mail Code 9112, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Second Edition
    MASS ESTIMATES - DINOSAURS ETC (largely based on models) taxon k model femur length* model volume ml x specific gravity = model mass g specimen (modeled 1st):kilograms:femur(or other long bone length)usually in decameters kg = femur(or other long bone)length(usually in decameters)3 x k k = model volume in ml x specific gravity(usually for whole model) then divided/model femur(or other long bone)length3 (in most models femur in decameters is 0.5253 = 0.145) In sauropods the neck is assigned a distinct specific gravity; in dinosaurs with large feathers their mass is added separately; in dinosaurs with flight ablity the mass of the fight muscles is calculated separately as a range of possiblities SAUROPODS k femur trunk neck tail total neck x 0.6 rest x0.9 & legs & head super titanosaur femur:~55000-60000:~25:00 Argentinosaurus ~4 PVPH-1:~55000:~24.00 Futalognkosaurus ~3.5-4 MUCPv-323:~25000:19.80 (note:downsize correction since 2nd edition) Dreadnoughtus ~3.8 “ ~520 ~75 50 ~645 0.45+.513=.558 MPM-PV 1156:~26000:19.10 Giraffatitan 3.45 .525 480 75 25 580 .045+.455=.500 HMN MB.R.2181:31500(neck 2800):~20.90 “XV2”:~45000:~23.50 Brachiosaurus ~4.15 " ~590 ~75 ~25 ~700 " +.554=~.600 FMNH P25107:~35000:20.30 Europasaurus ~3.2 “ ~465 ~39 ~23 ~527 .023+.440=~.463 composite:~760:~6.20 Camarasaurus 4.0 " 542 51 55 648 .041+.537=.578 CMNH 11393:14200(neck 1000):15.25 AMNH 5761:~23000:18.00 juv 3.5 " 486 40 55 581 .024+.487=.511 CMNH 11338:640:5.67 Chuanjiesaurus ~4.1 “ ~550 ~105 ~38 ~693 .063+.530=.593 Lfch 1001:~10700:13.75 2 M.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, a New Dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda)
    Zootaxa 2403: 1–9 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Wulansuhai Formation of Inner Mongolia, China XING XU1, JONAH N. CHOINIERE2, MICHAEL PITTMAN3, QINGWEI TAN4, DONG XIAO5, ZHIQUAN LI5, LIN TAN4, JAMES M. CLARK2, MARK A. NORELL6, DAVID W. E. HONE1 & CORWIN SULLIVAN1 1Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xiwai Street, Beijing 100044. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, 2023 G Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA 3Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 4Long Hao Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Hohhot, Nei Mongol 010010, China 5Department of Land and Resources, Linhe, Nei Mongol 015000, China 6Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, 10024, USA Abstract We describe a new dromaeosaurid theropod from the Upper Cretaceous Wulansuhai Formation of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia. The new taxon, Linheraptor exquisitus gen. et sp. nov., is based on an exceptionally well-preserved, nearly complete skeleton. This specimen represents the fifth dromaeosaurid taxon recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation and its laterally equivalent strata, which include the Wulansuhai Formation, and adds to the known diversity of Late Cretaceous dromaeosaurids. Linheraptor exquisitus closely resembles the recently reported Tsaagan mangas. Uniquely among dromaeosaurids, the two taxa share a large, anteriorly located maxillary fenestra and a contact between the jugal and the squamosal that excludes the postorbital from the infratemporal fenestra.
    [Show full text]
  • 0195-5373 E-ISSN: 2708-521X Vol . 42 No. 1 Jan/Feb.2021
    ISSN: 0195-5373 e-ISSN: 2708-521X Vol . 42 No. 1 Jan/Feb. 2021 www.at-spectrosc.com Cover Feature: Jinhua Li, Rui Pei, Fangfang Teng, Hao Qiu, Roald Tagle, Qiqi Yan, Qiang Wang, Xuelei Chu , and Xing Xu Micro- XRF Study of the T roodontid Dinosaur Jianianhualong tengi Reveals New Biological and Taphonomical Signals Journal Overview The Atomic Spectroscopy (Print ISSN 0195−5373; Online ISSN 2708-521X) is a peer-reviewed international journal started in 1962 by Dr. Walter Slavin. It is dedicated to advancing the analytical methodology & applications, instrumentation & fundamentals, and the science of reference materials in the fields of atomic spectroscopy. Publishing frequency: Six issues per year. Editor in Chief Editorial Board Xian-Hua Li (China) Beibei Chen (Wuhan University, China) Miguel Ángel Aguirre Pastor (Universidad de Executive Editor Biyang Deng (Guangxi Normal University, Alicante, Spain) Wei Guo (China) China) Mingli Chen (Northeastern University, China) Associate Editors Carsten Engelhard (University of Siegen, Ming Xu (Research Center for Eco-Environmental Germany) Sciences, CAS, China) Michael Dürr (Germany) Chao Li (National Research Center for Muharrem INCE (Munzur University, Turkey) Wei Hang (China) Geoanalysis, China) Mustafa Soylak (Erciyes University, Turkey) Zhaochu Hu (China) Chao Wei (National Institute of Metrology, Qian Liu (Research Center for Editorial Assistants China) Eco-Environmental Sciences, CAS, China) Chaofeng Li (Institute of Geology and Anneliese Lust (USA) Qiu-Li Li (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Geophysics, CAS, China) Fadi. Abou-Shakra (USA) CAS, China) Chengbin Zheng (Sichuan University, Kenneth R. Neubauer (USA) Rong Qian (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, CAS, China) Ming Li (China) China) Érico M.
    [Show full text]
  • Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in Later Late Cretaceous Asiamerica
    Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Theropod Guild Structure and the Tyrannosaurid Niche Assimilation Hypothesis: Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in later Late Cretaceous Asiamerica Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Manuscript ID cjes-2020-0174.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the 04-Jan-2021 Author: Complete List of Authors: Holtz, Thomas; University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Geology; NationalDraft Museum of Natural History, Department of Geology Keyword: Dinosaur, Ontogeny, Theropod, Paleocology, Mesozoic, Tyrannosauridae Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Tribute to Dale Russell Issue? : © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Page 1 of 91 Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 1 Theropod Guild Structure and the Tyrannosaurid Niche Assimilation Hypothesis: 2 Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in later Late Cretaceous 3 Asiamerica 4 5 6 Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. 7 8 Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA 9 Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013 USA 10 Email address: [email protected] 11 ORCID: 0000-0002-2906-4900 Draft 12 13 Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. 14 Department of Geology 15 8000 Regents Drive 16 University of Maryland 17 College Park, MD 20742 18 USA 19 Phone: 1-301-405-4084 20 Fax: 1-301-314-9661 21 Email address: [email protected] 22 23 1 © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Page 2 of 91 24 ABSTRACT 25 Well-sampled dinosaur communities from the Jurassic through the early Late Cretaceous show 26 greater taxonomic diversity among larger (>50kg) theropod taxa than communities of the 27 Campano-Maastrichtian, particularly to those of eastern/central Asia and Laramidia.
    [Show full text]
  • Lower Cretaceous Avian-Dominated, Theropod
    Lower cretaceous avian-dominated, theropod, thyreophoran, pterosaur and turtle track assemblages from the Tugulu Group, Xinjiang, China: ichnotaxonomy and palaeoecology Lida Xing1,2, Martin G. Lockley3, Chengkai Jia4, Hendrik Klein5, Kecheng Niu6, Lijun Zhang7, Liqi Qi8, Chunyong Chou2, Anthony Romilio9, Donghao Wang2, Yu Zhang2, W Scott Persons10 and Miaoyan Wang2 1 State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geoscience (Beijing), Beijing, China 2 School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geoscience (Beijing), Beijing, China 3 Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, United States 4 Research Institute of Experiment and Detection of Xinjiang Oil Company, PetroChina, Karamay, China 5 Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum, Neumarkt, Germany 6 Yingliang Stone Natural History Museum, Nan’an, China 7 Institute of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces & Sedimentary Minerals of Henan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic Region, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China 8 Faculty of Petroleum, China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay, Karamay, China 9 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 10 Mace Brown Museum of Natural History, Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, College of Charleston, Charleston, United States ABSTRACT Rich tetrapod ichnofaunas, known for more than a decade, from the Huangyangquan Reservoir (Wuerhe District, Karamay City, Xinjiang) have been an abundant source Submitted 10 January 2021 of some of the largest Lower Cretaceous track collections from China. They originate Accepted 26 April 2021 from inland lacustrine clastic exposures of the 581–877 m thick Tugulu Group, 28 May 2021 Published variously divided into four formations and subgroups in the northwestern margin of Corresponding author the Junggar Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Biogeography of Iguanodontian Dinosaurs, with Implications from Ontogeny and an Examination of the Function of the Fused Carpal-Digit I Complex
    Phylogeny and Biogeography of Iguanodontian Dinosaurs, with Implications from Ontogeny and an Examination of the Function of the Fused Carpal-Digit I Complex By Karen E. Poole B.A. in Geology, May 2004, University of Pennsylvania M.A. in Earth and Planetary Sciences, August 2008, Washington University in St. Louis A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 31, 2015 Dissertation Directed by Catherine Forster Professor of Biology The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that Karen Poole has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of August 10th, 2015. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Phylogeny and Biogeography of Iguanodontian Dinosaurs, with Implications from Ontogeny and an Examination of the Function of the Fused Carpal-Digit I Complex Karen E. Poole Dissertation Research Committee: Catherine A. Forster, Professor of Biology, Dissertation Director James M. Clark, Ronald Weintraub Professor of Biology, Committee Member R. Alexander Pyron, Robert F. Griggs Assistant Professor of Biology, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2015 by Karen Poole All rights reserved iii Dedication To Joseph Theis, for his unending support, and for always reminding me what matters most in life. To my parents, who have always encouraged me to pursue my dreams, even those they didn’t understand. iv Acknowledgements First, a heartfelt thank you is due to my advisor, Cathy Forster, for giving me free reign in this dissertation, but always providing valuable commentary on any piece of writing I sent her, no matter how messy.
    [Show full text]
  • About Me Facebook Badge Globe Popular Posts
    Species New to Science: [Mammalogy • 2018] Taxonomic Review of th... http://novataxa.blogspot.com.br/2017/12/cyclopes.html new & recent described Flora & Fauna species from all over the World esp. Asia, Oriental, Indomalayan & Malesiana region Wednesday, December 13, 2017 About Me pskhun View my complete profile Facebook Badge Globe Popular Posts [Botany • 2018] Thismia thaithongiana • A New Species of Mycoheterotroph (Dioscoreaceae: Thismieae) from An Unusual Habitat in Thailand Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee in Chantanaorrapint & Suddee, 2018. facebook.com/ ForestHerbarium ... [Botany • 2018] Nephelaphyllum maliauensis • A New Species (Orchidaceae; Collabiinae) from the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo, with A Discussion of the Taxonomic Identities of N. pulchrum, N. latilabre and N. flabellatum Nephelaphyllum maliauensis in Suetsugu, Suleiman & Tsukaya, 2018 DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.1.7 Nephelaphyllum is... 1 de 16 31/01/2018 18:06 Species New to Science: [Mammalogy • 2018] Taxonomic Review of th... http://novataxa.blogspot.com.br/2017/12/cyclopes.html [Ichthyology • 2018] Spectracanthicus javae • A New Species of the Genus Spectracanthicus (Loricariidae, Hypostominae, Ancistrini) from the Rio s (Rio Araguaia Basin), with A Description ofיJava Gross Brain Morphology Spectracanthicus javae Chamon, Pereira, Mendonca & Akama, 2018 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13526 Abstract A new species o... [Entomology • 2018] Drepanosticta emtrai • A New Species of Damselfly (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae) from Vietnam with A Discussion of Drepanosticta vietnamica Asahina, 1997 Drepanosticta emtrai Dow, Kompier & Phan , 2018 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4374.2.7 VNCreatures.net Abstract ... [Paleontology • 2018] Kootenayscolex barbarensis • A New Burgess Shale Polychaete and the Origin of the Annelid Head Revisited Kootenayscolex barbarensis Nanglu & Caron, 2018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.019 Highlights: •An abundant C..
    [Show full text]
  • Feathered Dinosaurs and the Origin of Flight
    Feathered Dinosaurs and the Origin of Flight Exhibition Organized and Circulated by: The Dinosaur Museum, Utah The Fossil Administration Office, Liaoning, China Beipiao City Paleontological Research Center, Liaoning, China THE PREHISTORIC WORLD OF LIAONING The fossils of Liaoning represent a complex ecosystem creating a more complete picture of this particular age of dinosaurs than ever before. Life of the Early Cretaceous, 120 million years ago, was far more than a world of dinosaurs. The fossils include a remarkable variety of plants, crustaceans, insects, fish, amphibians, lizards, crocodiles, aquatic reptiles, flying reptiles, as well as birds that could fly and others which were flightless. FEATHERS BEFORE BIRDS Included are graphics and photos which show developmental stages of feathers. The fossil of the flying reptile, Pterorhynchus is preserved with details of what pterosaurs looked like which have never been seen before. The body is covered with down-like feathers which resemble those also found on the dinosaur, Sinosauropteryx. Because feathers are now known to exist on animals other than birds, this discovery changes the definition of what a bird is. Pterorhynchus Sinosauropteryx FLYING DROMAEOSAURS AND THE MISTAKEN IDENTITY Dromaeosaurs have been thought to be ground-dwelling dinosaurs that represented ancestral stages of how birds evolved. Fossils in this exhibit show that they have been misinterpreted as dinosaurs when they are actually birds. Feather impressions reveal that they had flight feathers on the wings and a second set on the hind legs. Even without the feathers preserved, the avian characteristics of the skeleton demonstrate that these dromaeosaurs are birds. This discovery means that the larger dromaeosaurs, like Deinonychus and Velociraptor of “Jurassic Park” fame, were really feathered and are secondarily flightless birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Index of Subjects
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47594-5 — Dinosaurs 4th Edition Index More Information INDEX OF SUBJECTS – – – A Zuul, 275 276 Barrett, Paul, 98, 335 336, 406, 446 447 Ankylosauridae Barrick, R, 383–384 acetabulum, 71, 487 characteristics of, 271–273 basal dinosauromorph, 101 acromial process, 271, 273, 487 cladogram of, 281 basal Iguanodontia, 337 actual diversity, 398 defined, 488 basal Ornithopoda, 336 adenosine diphosphate, see ADP evolution of, 279 Bates, K. T., 236, 360 adenosine triphosphate, see ATP ankylosaurids, 275–276 beak, 489 ADP (adenosine diphosphate), 390, 487 anpsids, 76 belief systems, 474, 489 advanced characters, 55, 487 antediluvian period, 422, 488 Bell, P. R., 162 aerobic metabolism, 391, 487 anterior position, 488 bennettitaleans, 403, 489 – age determination (dinosaur), 354 357 antorbital fenestra, 80, 488 benthic organisms, 464, 489 Age of Dinosaurs, 204, 404–405 Arbour, Victoria, 277 Benton, M. J., 2, 104, 144, 395, 402–403, akinetic movement, see kinetic movement Archibald, J. D., 467, 469 444–445, 477–478 Alexander, R. M., 361 Archosauria, 80, 88–90, 203, 488 Berman, D. S, 236–237 allometry, 351, 487 Archosauromorpha, 79–81, 488 Beurien, Karl, 435 altricial offspring, 230, 487 archosauromorphs, 401 bidirectional respiration, 350 Alvarez, Luis, 455 archosaurs, 203, 401 Big Al, 142 – Alvarez, Walter, 442, 454 455, 481 artifacts, 395 biogeography, 313, 489 Alvarezsauridae, 487 Asaro, Frank, 455 biomass, 415, 489 – alvarezsaurs, 168 169 ascending process of the astragalus, 488 biosphere, 2 alveolus/alveoli,
    [Show full text]
  • Dinosaur Art Evolves with New Discoveries in Paleontology Amy Mcdermott, Science Writer
    SCIENCE AND CULTURE SCIENCE AND CULTURE Dinosaur art evolves with new discoveries in paleontology Amy McDermott, Science Writer Under soft museum lights, the massive skeleton of a Those creations necessarily require some artistic Tyrannosaurus rex is easy to imagine fleshed out and license, says freelancer Gabriel Ugueto, who’s based alive, scimitar teeth glimmering. What did it look like in Miami, FL. As new discoveries offer artists a better in life? How did its face contort under the Montana sun sense of what their subjects looked like, the findings some 66 million years ago? What color and texture also constrain their creativity, he says, by leaving fewer was its body? Was it gauntly wrapped in scales, fluffy details to the imagination. with feathers, or a mix of both? Even so, he and other artists welcome new discov- Increasingly, paleontologists can offer answers to eries, as the field strives for accuracy. The challenge these questions, thanks to evidence of dinosaur soft now is sifting through all this new information, including tissues discovered in the last 30 years. Translating those characteristics that are still up for debate, such as the discoveries into works that satisfy the public’simagination extent of T. rex’s feathers, to conjure new visions of the is the purview of paleoartists, the scientific illustrators prehistoric world. who reconstruct prehistory in paintings, drawings, and Paleoartists often have a general science back- sculptures in exhibit halls, books, magazines, and films. ground or formal artistic training, although career Among the earliest examples of paleoart, this 1830 watercolor painting, called Duria Antiquior or “A more ancient Dorset,” imagines England’s South Coast populated by ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and pterosaurs.
    [Show full text]