June 11, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1215 cold days and she felt sorry for their freezing married and the mother of one daughter. Her pointed Summer School principal at Cram hands. She went to Wal-Mart and bought interests include sewing, gardening, and cook- School in Redlands. Going beyond the class- every black pair of gloves they had and put ing. Growing vegetables in her yard to use in room, Mrs. Corrin coordinated the district’s them in her car. Now, every time she goes her Southern European cuisine makes Sun- ‘‘Here’s Looking at You 2000’’ drug abuse pre- through the gate, if the guard doesn’t have days at her home a popular place for friends vention program, and has been an active gloves, she asks if they want a pair. and family. member in the Redlands Teachers’ Associa- Dominique Wilson—As the program coordi- Mara joined the New York City Police De- tion and the State teachers association. She is nator for Critical Skills Development at Sandia partment in 1987, and the following year she also active in the Phi Delta Kappa and Pi National Laboratories, Dominique advances was assigned to the 75th Precinct in East New Lambda Theta teachers’ sororities. workforce development by merging critical York. She patrolled the area for ten years be- Outside of the school, Mrs. Corrin has skills needs of the national laboratories with fore entering the Anti-Crime plain clothes unit. served as chapter president for the California the resources of APS, TVI, UNM and Sandia During this time, her lieutenant noticed that Association of Neurologically Handicapped technical staff to create pipeline programs to she had a flair for calming certain situations Children, and has been a board member for benefit middle and high school students. She and a sincere interest in community relations. the Redlands Valley Rehabilitation Workshop. has established advanced learning academies It was suggested that Mara join community af- She is an active member of The Links, Incor- for Albuquerque students, creating opportuni- fairs She is currently serving East New York in porated and raised more than $19,000 for ties for post-secondary education and tech- this capacity. scholarships awarded by the San Bernardino nical internships in math and science. Mara is also active in various advisory Valley Chapter. Anne Haines Yatskowitz—Anne is the Presi- boards and community projects. She has been Mr. Speaker, the thousands of students who dent and CEO and one of the ACCION New instrumental in closing the gap that often ex- passed through Clara Corrin’s door learned Mexico principal founders. She served on ists between the community and the police. well the motto posted there: ‘‘Enter to Learn, boards of Jewish Family Services and Jewish She encourages her fellow officers to become Exit to Lead.’’ Please join me in congratulating Federation of Greater Albuquerque. She was more involved and concerned with community this exemplary leader of youth for a lifetime of a member of the Greater Albuquerque Cham- issues in the area in which they serve. public service, and wish her well in her well- ber of Commerce Leadership Albuquerque Mr. Speaker, Mara Roske is committed to deserved retirement. program and she served as Chair of the making a positive difference in her community. f Chamber’s Maxie Anderson Award Selection As such, she is more than worthy of receiving Committee. our recognition today and I urge my col- INTRODUCTION OF THE INDIAN Elisabeth Zimmer—Elisabeth gives her time leagues to join me in honoring this truly re- HEALTH CARE IMPROVEMENT to help young pregnant girls and young moth- markable person. ACT REAUTHORIZATION IN FY 2003 ers in Albuquerque. Following a successful ca- f reer with Intel, she has done volunteer work at Maria Amadea Shelter. Last year, she started HONORING CLARA CORRIN FOR 29 HON. DON YOUNG a non-profit organization to create a residential YEARS OF TEACHING REDLANDS OF ALASKA SCHOOLCHILDREN program for pregnant teens and mothers. Life IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Options Academy is the projected goal and it Wednesday, June 11, 2003 will help many young women in our commu- HON. JERRY LEWIS nity. OF CALIFORNIA Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, I rise Lt. Katherine Zimmerman—Kate is an out- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES today to introduce amendments to the Indian standing Air Force Officer supporting Ballistic Health Care Improvement Act. I am pleased to Wednesday, June 11, 2003 Missile Defense development. She is the De- be joined in the co-sponsorship of this meas- tachment’s blood drive organizer and she col- Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I ure by both Republican and Democratic mem- lected over 180 pints. She is also a Big Broth- would like today to pay a special tribute to a bers of the U.S. House of Representatives. er/Big Sister volunteer, and recruited 18 volun- very special teacher, Clara Corrin, who is retir- The Indian Health Care Improvement Act teers from UNM. Kate was the UNM Spring ing after 48 years in education—including 3 (IHCIA) became Public Law 94–437 in the Storm organizer, recruiting over 700 students, decades molding thousands of fourth graders 94th Congress (September 30, 1976), and faculty and alumni to perform 82 community into knowledgeable and confident youngsters was amended by: service projects. at Kimberly Elementary School in my home- P.L. 96–537—December 17, 1980; f town of Redlands. P.L. 100–579—October 31, 1988; Clara Corrin got her start working with chil- P.L. 100–690—November 18, 1988; PERSONAL EXPLANATION dren even before she finished her own edu- P.L. 100–713—November 23, 1988; cation, starting in 1955 as a nursery school P.L. 101–630—November 28, 1990; HON. MIKE ROGERS teacher in Orange, NJ. She taught at a num- P.L. 102–573—October 29, 1992; and OF MICHIGAN ber of nursery schools and eventually became P.L. 104–313—October 19, 1996. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assistant director of the Head Start program in The purpose of the Act is to implement the Wednesday, June 11, 2003 Springfield, MA. Federal responsibility for the care and edu- Showing a lifelong dedication to improving cation of the Indian people by improving the Mr. ROGERS of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, on her teaching expertise, Mrs. Corrin earned a services and facilities of Federal Indian health the legislative day of Thursday, June 5, 2003, bachelor’s degree in elementary education in programs and encouraging the maximum par- the House voted on H. Res. 258 that provided 1970, and went on to get her Masters of Arts ticipation of American Indians and Alaska Na- for the consideration of S. 222 and S. 273. On in Education in 1976. She has continued her tives in such programs, and other purposes. House rollcall vote No. 245, I was unavoidably training with an administrative credential in The IHCIA provides for health care delivery detained. Had I been present, I would have 1977 and received a Mott Fellowship for stud- to over 2 million American Indians and Alaska voted ‘‘yea.’’ ies in Educational Counseling at the University Natives. Congress enacted a one-year exten- f of Redlands. sion to extend the life of the Act through FY A TRIBUTE TO MARA ROSKE A generation of fourth graders has now ben- 2001 but efforts at further extensions were in- efited from that expertise at Kimberly Elemen- terrupted due to 9/11/01 events. Appropria- HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS tary. Mrs. Corrin began her career with Red- tions for Indian health have continued through lands Unified as a substitute in 1972, and authorization of the Snyder Act, a permanent OF NEW YORK began full time the next year. In recent years, law authorizing expenditures of funds for a va- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many of her former students, who have gone riety of Indian programs, including health. For Wednesday, June 11, 2003 on to become doctors, lawyers, teachers and FY 2003, Congress appropriated $2.9 billion to Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in honor of successful business owners, have been de- help provide health care services to American Mara Roske in recognition of her dedication to lighted to find that their own children are also Indians and Alaska Natives. The IHCIA re- improving her community through both her in Mrs. Corrin’s classroom and capable hands. quires Reauthorization this year. professional and personal endeavors. Her dedication led to a nomination for Since 1998, the Indian Health Service (IHS) The youngest of four children, Mara was Teacher of the Year for the Redlands Unified started the reauthorization process under the born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. She is School District in 1993, and she was ap- IHS’s Tribal Consultation Policy by conveying

VerDate Jan 31 2003 06:39 Jun 12, 2003 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A11JN8.023 E11PT1 E1216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 11, 2003 a Roundtable to begin the discussion of the Section 4. Definitions. States the defini- pay premiums for coverage. Authorizes the reauthorization and to give guidance to the tions of terms used throughout the Act. Secretary to enter into agreements with I/T/ consultation process which included all stake- TITLE I. INDIAN HEALTH MANPOWER U’s for receipt/processing of Medicaid/Medi- care/SCHIP applications. Condition con- holders, I/T/U (Indian Health Service/Tribes/ The purpose of this title is to increase, to the maximum extent feasible, the number of tinuing approval of State Medicaid plan on Urban). taking steps to provide for Medicaid enroll- American Indians and Alaska natives enter- Coordinators from the 12 IHS areas formed ment on reservations, and to obtain input ing the health professions. It also seeks to workgroups of I/T/U and National Indian from tribes in the State on matters relating assure an adequate supply of health profes- Health Board (NIHB) representatives. These to impact of changes in the State plan on In- sionals to the Service, Indian tribes, tribal meetings were to inform the I/T/U’s about the dian health programs. If tribe/tribal organi- organizations, and urban Indian organiza- zations performs outreach, the agreement reauthorization process, and provide opportu- tions involved in the delivery of health care nities to discuss and reach consensus on rec- may provide for 100% reimbursement of costs to American Indians and Alaska natives. and assures that 100% FMAP (Federal Med- ommendations for the Act. This title covers recruitment, scholarships, ical Assistance Payment) continues to apply Four regional consultation meetings were extern programs, continuing education, com- to Medicaid and SCHIP services provided by held to provide further opportunities for I/T/U’s munity health representatives, loan repay- tribes/tribal organizations who directly bill to provide input, share recommendations from ment, advanced training and research, nurs- for the services they provide. Ensures that the 12 IHS Areas, and build consensus among ing, tribal cultural and history, inmed, insurance companies must reimburse I/T/U’s participants for a unified position. The final re- health training, incentives, residency, com- for the services they provide. Ensure that munity health aide for Alaska, and a Univer- managed care plans must reimburse I/T/U’s port entitled ‘‘Speaking with One Voice’’ identi- sity of South Dakota pilot project. fied areas of consensus and differences. for the services they provide. TITLE II. HEALTH SERVICES Authorize IHS and tribal programs to re- The IHS Director convened a National ceive reimbursement for all Medicare Part B Steering Committee (NSC) to be responsible The purpose of this title is to establish programs that respond to the health needs of services and eliminates ambiguity about for the final drafting of the report on the IHCIA American Indians and Alaska natives. For Medicaid coverage. Authorizes Federal/State/ recommendations. The NSC is composed of example, American Indians and Alaska na- tribal agreements for tribal operation of In- one elected and one alternative tribal rep- tives have a disproportionately high rate of dian SCHIP programs; places a Medicare-like resentative from each of the 12 IHS Areas, a diabetes (death rate for this disease is more rate ceiling on hospital services purchased representative from the National Indian Health than 300% of the rate for the U.S. population under the IHS’s Contract Health Service pro- gram; directs the Secretary of HHS to study generally), so this title has a specific diabe- Board, National Council of Urban Indian the Medicare and Medicaid payment method- tes provision. It also includes the Indian Health, and the Self-Governance Advisory ology for Indian health programs and report Health Care Improvement Fund through Committee. During the course of the 4 meet- to Congress; and directs the Secretary to es- which the Appropriation Acts supply funds ings, this group’s responsibility evolved from tablish a National Indian Technical Advisory to eliminate health deficiencies and dispari- Group to assist the Secretary in identifying compiling a final report of recommendations to ties in resources made available to American the drafting of the actual IHCIA reauthorization and addressing issues regarding the health Indians and Alaska Native tribes and com- care programs under the Social Security Act bill language. munities. This title contains catastrophic During the last year and a half, House Re- (including medicare, medicaid and SCHIP) health emergency fund; health promotion that have implications for Indian Health sources Committee, Office of Native American and disease prevention services; diabetes pre- Programs or Urban Indian Organizations. vention, treatment and control; hospice fea- and Insular Affairs Committee staff, Cynthia A. TITLE V. HEALTH SERVICES FOR URBAN INDIANS sibility; research; mental health; managed Ahwinona, has traveled to ‘‘American Indian The purpose of this title is to establish and Alaska Natives country’’ to observe the care feasibility; Arizona, North Dakota, South Dakota, Trenton and California con- programs in urban centers to make health work of the NSC of the tribal leaders com- services more accessible to Indians who live tract health services programs; mammog- prised to propose IHCIA reauthorization revi- in urban areas rather than on reservations or raphy; patient travel; epidemiology; school Alaska Native villages. The Secretary sions to Congress. The draft bill was drafted health education; Indian youth; psychology; through the IHS is authorized to enter into by dozens of tribal attorneys and had tech- tuberculosis; environmental and nuclear nical, legal citation errors and, in some in- contracts or grants to urban Indian organi- health hazards and women’s health. zations to help these agencies with estab- stances, was drafted very poorly and did not TITLE III. FACILITIES lishing and administering health programs accomplish what was intended by the NSC. The purpose of this title relates to the con- which meet the requirements of the IHCIA As consensus was arrived, House Re- struction of health facilities, including hos- and will require evaluations renewals. Au- sources Committee and several members of pitals, clinics, and health stations including thorizes the establishment of an Office of the NSC met with House Legislative Counsel, necessary staff quarters, and of sanitation Urban Indian Health which shall be respon- Lisa Daly, Edward Grossman and Pierre facilities for Indian communities and homes. sible for carrying out the provisions of this Poisson in person and via teleconference to It also would require the IHS to annually re- title, providing central oversight of the pro- start the redrafting of the bill. Invited partici- port on Indian Health Service/Tribes/Urban grams and services authorized under this pants included both the Republican and (ITU’s) needs for inpatient, outpatient and title and, providing technical assistance to specialized care facilities, including renova- Urban Indian Organizations. The bill would Democratic health staff of the House Re- tion of existing facilities. It also would re- also extend FTCA (Federal Tort Claims Act) sources Committee and the Senate Com- quire newly-constructed/renovated facilities, coverage to urban Indian organizations (Fed- mittee on Indian Affairs, a representative from whenever practicable, to meet the construc- eral law already extends FTCA coverage to the National Indian Health Board, representa- tion standards of any nationally recognized tribally-operated health programs). tives of the IHS, and tribal attorneys from the accrediting bodies. There is also a provision TITLE VI. ORGANIZATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS NSC. to waive the Davis-Bacon when a tribe has This title addresses the establishment of I want to personally thank Lisa Daly, Ed- its own wage law and performs the construc- the IHS as an agency of the PHS(Public ward Grossman and Pierre Poisson of the tion project instead of IHS. Health Service). It covers the appointment of House Legislative Counsel, Myra Munson of TITLE IV. ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES the Director of IHS by the President and Sonosky, Chambers, Sachse, Endrieson and The purpose of this title is to address pay- confirmed by the Senate. This title also au- Perry, LLP. and Carol Barbero of Hobbs, ments to the IHS and tribes for services cov- thorizes the Secretary through the Director ered by Social Security Act Health Care pro- of IHS to establish an automated manage- Straus, Dean and Walker for all their efforts in ment information system as well as other the drafting of this bill. Thank you all, you grams, and to enable Indian health programs to access reimbursements from third party duties as assigned by the Secretary for the have done a wonderful job. Attached is brief collections. This title states that any pay- IHS. Authorizes appropriations to carry out summary of each Title of the Indian Health ments received by a hospital or skilled nurs- this title. Care Improvement Act Reauthorization of FY ing facility of the IHS for services provided TITLE VII. BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PROGRAMS 03. to American Indians and Alaska Natives eli- This title is revised from current law INDIAN HEALTH CARE IMPROVEMENT ACT gible for benefits under the Social Security (which only addresses substance abuse pro- REAUTHORIZATION OF FY 03 Act Health Care programs will not be consid- grams) in order to focus on behavioral Section 1. Short Title. ered in determining appropriations for health. It combines all substance abuse, Section 2. Findings. Sets forth the national health care of American Indians or Alaska mental health and social service programs in goal of the U.S. in providing the quantity Natives. one title and integrates these programs to and quality of health services to bring the Requires the Secretary to enter into agree- enhance performance and efficiency. The health status of Indians to the highest pos- ments with tribes, tribal organizations and title addresses the responsibilities of the IHS sible level. urban Indian organizations to assist them in as outlined by the Memorandum of Agree- Section 3. Declaration of Health Objec- enrolling qualified Indians in Medicare, Med- ment pursuant to the section 402 of the In- tives. Sets forth 6 Health Status Objectives icaid and SCHIP (State children’s health in- dian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Preven- to be reached by the year 2010. surance program), and to enable tribes to tion and Treatment Act of 1986. The IHS will

VerDate Jan 31 2003 06:39 Jun 12, 2003 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JN8.027 E11PT1 June 11, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1217 determine the scope of the alcohol and sub- onteur for movie stars, came to Washington in the community it serves have helped Foster’s stance abuse among Indian people; they the early 1950’s to work as press secretary for Daily Democrat thrive for 130 years as an must assess the existing and needed re- Congressman Al Morano of his home state of independently owned and operated news- sources for prevention of alcohol and sub- stance abuse and the treatment of Indians Connecticut. He soon noticed a general lack paper, which is a laudable achievement in an affected. Finally, IHS must estimate the of information about the happenings of the industry dominated by major media chains. funding necessary to adequately support a Capitol Hill community. In 1955, Sid was in- I commend the Publisher, Robert H. Foster; program of prevention of alcohol and sub- spired to create his own newspaper, Roll Call, his wife and Editor, Therese Foster; their stance abuse and treatment of Indians af- when he overheard an Ohio Congressman’s daughter and Vice President of Administration, fected. The IHS will also provide a com- shocked exclamation at learning that a mem- Patrice Foster; and all members of the Foster prehensive alcohol and substance abuse pre- ber of his state legislation had passed away. Family and their employees for the service vention and treatment programs, a rehabili- As Mr. Yudain envisioned it, Roll Call was they have provided to their readers through tation and aftercare services, IHS youth pro- not to be a newspaper about Capitol Hill, but 130 years of daily publication. I offer them my gram, and training and community edu- cation. In this section demonstration as its masthead boldly proclaimed, ‘‘The sincere congratulations on this momentous oc- projects are outlined as well as grants focus- newspaper of Capitol Hill.’’ Judging by the casion and I look forward to their continued ing of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Al- names of those, including Members of Con- success. cohol effect. It also expands the authoriza- gress and staffers, who contributed early col- f tion to establish inpatient mental health fa- umns and stories to the newspaper, it lived up cilities in each Area. Authorizes funding for to the assertion. Vice President Richard Nixon HONORING SERGEANT NORM ROSS development of innovative community-based insisted on writing a piece about a doorman behavioral health services. The requirement who had passed away, and Senate Majority of matching funds has been eliminated here. HON. GEORGE RADANOVICH Allows the Fetal Alcohol Disorder programs Leader Lyndon Johnson related through the OF CALIFORNIA to be funded under the ISDEAA (Indian Self- pages of Roll Call his experiences and thanks IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Determination and Education Assistance following his recovery from a recent heart at- Wednesday, June 11, 2003 Act). Provides for a program to treat both tack. the victims and the perpetrator of child sex- Throughout the 32 years that Sid owned Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise ual abuse. And, has been expanded to allow Roll Call, the paper chronicled life on the Hill today to recognize Sergeant Norm Ross, on Indian Tribes and Tribal Organizations to and promoted a community spirit where Mem- the occasion of his retirement from the obtain funding for behavioral health re- bers and staffers of all political persuasions Mariposa County Sheriff’s Department. His re- search. could come together to celebrate their com- tirement will be honored on July 12, 2003 at TITLE VII. MISCELLANEOUS mon service to the American people. Roll Call a community event in Coulterville. The purpose of this title is to address var- nurtured clubs and organizations, issued the Sergeant Ross has been a dedicated com- ious topics including the President’s report- munity servant since 1960. Norm was edu- ing of the progress made in meeting the ob- ‘‘Outstanding Staffer’’ award each year, spon- sored Congress’ annual baseball game, and cated in Los Angeles and in 1960 joined the jectives of this Act to Congress at the time Army National Guard. He began to work in law of submitting the budget. It also applies the gave gifted and often famous writers of all Negotiated Rulemaking Act to the develop- backgrounds the opportunity to inform and en- enforcement in 1963 for the L.A. Police De- ment of IHCIA regulations. Other provisions tertain arguably the most influential readership partment until 1983. After a short retirement require the Secretary to develop a plan of on the planet. from the police department, he returned to implementation to submit to Congress; de- In 1988, after owning Roll Call for over 32 help others and began to work in the Mariposa scribe the eligibility of California Indians for years, Mr. Yudain sold his newspaper in order County Sheriff’s Department. He worked with IHS services and sets out the conditions for to devote more time to his family, friends, and the department to make sure the community the issue of Indian health funding as an enti- was involved in their safety and quality of life. tlement. saxophone. Mr. Speaker, I heartily commend Mr. Sid Norm became a Sergeant in 1986, because of AMENDMENTS TO THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT Yudain for his initiative and his commitment to his undying commitment to the people of Amendments to the Social Security Act serving his government and his country. His North County. One of the many reasons he re- appear at the end of the bill. These provi- ceived the promotion came from his evalua- sions are necessary to reflect a number of distinguished career is truly impressive and in- the objectives described above in the Title spiring. I wish Mr. Yudain all the best on his tions which stated, ‘‘When it comes to inter- IV summary. 80th birthday and many more to come. I call vention and prevention, Norm established a standard that is unmatched in the depart- f upon my colleagues to join me along with Sid’s wife Lael, their children Rachel (and hus- ment.’’ A leader in Mariposa County, Sergeant HONORING THE 80TH BIRTHDAY OF band Amar Kuchinad) and Raymond, and fam- Ross has been an active member of the com- SID YUDAIN ily and friends in applauding Sid Yudain for all munity and is very deserving of a comfortable he has done. retirement. We are truly grateful for everything HON. TOM DAVIS f he has accomplished. OF VIRGINIA Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join IN CELEBRATION OF FOSTER’S IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES me in recognizing Sergeant Norm Ross for his DAILY DEMOCRAT’S 130TH ANNI- significant and steadfast efforts for the better- Wednesday, June 11, 2003 VERSARY ment of Mariposa County. Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I f would like to take this opportunity to pay trib- HON. CHARLES F. BASS A TRIBUTE TO AL DAVIS ute to Sid Yudain upon his 80th birthday for OF NEW HAMPSHIRE his long, distinguished, and dedicated service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SPEECH OF to the world of journalism. ‘‘At every dramatic turning point of our long Wednesday, June 11, 2003 HON. GERALD D. KLECZKA national nightmare known as Watergate, Roll Mr. BASS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in OF WISCONSIN Call was there. Sid Yudain reported the Wa- honor of the management, staff, and readers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tergate break-in a full three days before Nix- of Foster’s Daily Democrat as they prepare to on’s resignation,’’ quipped Washington’s favor- celebrate the newspaper’s 130th anniversary. Tuesday, June 10, 2003 ite political satirist, Mark Russell some twenty Since June 18, 1873, Foster’s Daily Democrat Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, on May 30th years ago. has provided readers with credible, fair, and the House of Representatives lost one of its Russell’s dig was aimed at the man credited balanced coverage of local, state, and national most brilliant and dedicated employees when with discovering him, Sid Yudain, founder, news and world events. Foster’s Daily Demo- Al Davis died of complications resulting from a publisher, editor, and even occasional delivery crat currently serves residents of Southeastern traffic accident. We remember him today and boy of Capitol Hill’s own newspaper, Roll Call. New Hampshire and Southern Maine. offer our sincere condolences to his family, This weekend Mark and his wife Ali will host— For five generations, the Foster family has loved ones, and especially his long-time com- and perhaps roasting—Sid at a party cele- operated in the public’s interest by providing panion Mary Bielefeld. brating his 80th birthday. extensive coverage of the local community. As my colleagues before me have attested, Sid, who spent several years in Hollywood The paper’s thorough local coverage, thought- the facts and figures produced by Al Davis following World War II as a columnist and rac- ful editorials, and the family’s involvement in have provided an immeasurable benefit to the

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