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JOINING FORCES Metropolitan governance & competitiveness of European cities BASELINE STUDY Volume 2 - PROFILES OF PARTICIPATING CITIES August 2008 European Union European Regional Development Fund European Union European Regional Development Fund Profiles of participating Cities / 3 GENERAL CONTENTS VOLUME 1 CONTEXT AND SYNTHESIS OF THE PROJECT OBJECTIVES VOLUME 2 PROFILES OF PARTICIPATING CITIES ANNEX DELIMITATION OF THE URBAN STRUCTURES OF PARTICIPATING CITIES Profiles of participating Cities / 5 CONTENTS OF THE VOLUME 2 AN INTRODUCTION ................................ 7 1. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF BOURGAS AND ITS AREA ................................ 11 2. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF BRNO AND ITS AREA ................................ 19 3. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN BRUSSELS-CAPITAL REGION AND ITS AREA ................................ 29 4. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF EINDHOVEN AND ITS AREA ................................ 39 5. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF FLORENCE AND ITS AREA ................................ 53 6. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF KRAKOW AND ITS AREA ................................ 61 7. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF LILLE AND ITS AREA ................................ 73 8. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF SEVILLE AND ITS AREA ................................ 91 Profiles of participating Cities / 7 AN Introduction Profiles of participating Cities / 9 AN Introduction Cities and City-regions play an important role in represented by our member-cities as introduction territorial operation of member States and the of the group. City profiles collected in this volume European Union as a whole. Their linkages are are based on this thematic outline. direct in every day life. Cities are themselves local governments, governed by their own representative The outline consists of five parts. The first section bodies. However, institutional relationships to their of the questions relates to the general geographic, surrounding area vary substantially in different economic and infrastructural situation. The second countries. In some of the European countries dif- group of issues on the legal and administrative sta- ferent levels are working in so called city-regions, tus focusing the place of the city in the whole terri- in others there is no formal acceptance of this torial system of the country, and characteristics of relationship. In addition, sometimes economic and the working government structures in the city and infrastructural connections are cross-border with region, if they exist at all in administrative sense. or without well defined framework. The third section is the place, where existing cha- racteristics of the regional area should be summari- This working group has devoted its efforts to clari- zed notwithstanding formal administrative borders fying fields of cooperation among different formal and institutions. Facts on economic or environmen- institutions and private stakeholders in order to tal contribution to common activities from any side make suggestions to the further development pos- of partners, initiatives on it or forms of cooperation sibly supported by the European level in the future. are relevant to be mentioned here. As a first step, basic relevant information should be collected on group-member cities and existing The fourth part of the outline is a short historical regional linkages. The following brief ‘question- overview, whether progressive initiatives or develo- naire’ was discussed in the meeting and it has been pment had been realized last decades. After that, finalized according to comments of Partners and the following section, forms of governance rather Urbact Secretariat. As we all agreed the aim is to than government are focused. The outline of city- sketch a preliminary basic comparison on models region profiles was as follow. The Outline to City Profiles 1. Context 1.1. Geographical context of the city Physical context (localization and distance from other cities, etc.) – general overview on the role of the city in the whole country and surrounding countries (if relevant) – map – data on population, area in sq km, building density (esp. high density or scattered development) – demographic structure 1.2. Main assets of infrastructure (esp. High Speed Train station, port, business facilities (convention centre, etc.)) 1.3. Main characteristics, specification of metropolitan area Issues related to the wider surrounding area 2. Territorial division and institutional framework of the local government and administration 2.1. Existing administrative division of the city area – focusing from the City to the State: e.g. city, county, province, region, State (as different levels) – basic data on population and area (in sq km) for each level – unemployment rate in the area 2.2. Institutional framework of local self-government and territorial administration – precise for each level, whether it is elected or appointed – if elected, what ways? (election system, role of parties) – main structure of local governments – What are the main competencies of different levels? – How is the budget divided among levels of local government? – How are the different levels funded (fiscal economy, national government grants) Profiles of participating Cities / 11 3. Potential City-region 3.1. Ideas, concepts – Potential definition(s) for the City-region in your territory? – What is the size of its population, sq km? – Which partners are included? – Main characteristics (if it is not formal region), like tasks, formal budget, other funding, etc. – Is there existing cooperation (like Greater Manchester) in your city region? – Is it a formal or informal structure (i.e. association, type of institution, etc.)? Please specify, if it is statutory body, authority etc.) 3.2. Particular domain of the project in each city – What is the nature of more recent challenges/problems? – Existing policies/projects implemented, strategic plans in order to tackle problems – If there were policies/projects, were they successful? Or, what have been the barriers that they have faced? – Are there good practices already observable in the city? 4. Historical development concerning the potential City-region What is the evolution of the context in the last 25 / 30 years? (facts rather than projects) 5. Territorial structure of governance comparing with formal government Existing structure of the economic sector (chamber of commerce, etc.) and the civil society Which structures are working? What is the principle and content of participation? Profiles of participating Cities / 13 1. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF Bourgas AND ITS AREA 14 / Profiles of participating Cities 1. STATUS OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE IN THE CITY OF Bourgas AND ITS AREA 1. Status of metropolitan governance in city of includes the City of Bourgas and other 14 small Bourgas and its area villages. The City of Bourgas consists of 8 housing regions with more than 226 000 inhabitants, an area 1.2. Geographical context of the city of about 2800 hectare with a built housing area of 843 257m2, with 72 930 lodgings. This is a combi- nation of high rise blocks and smaller 2/3 story buildings. The dominance is high rise apartment blocks. In recent years the city and urbanised areas has spread out from the centre with new housing zones being developed. There are plans to allocate 3 extra areas on the periphery of the city to low housing development plus 3 new industrial zones designed to attract inward investment either local of FDI to allow diversification of commercial activities and move away from the dependency on the dominant heavy industries, the port and tourism. There are plans on the table to build a new technology park with incubator units linked to the two Universities. The city and Municipality has decided that a balance has to be made between urbanised housing and commercial areas against green spaces and as such there are plans to develop the areas surroun- ding the lakes into recreational areas maximising Municipality of Bourgas is situated in the south eas- the natural environment. The lakes are strategically tern region of Bulgaria on the Black Sea seaside and located on bird migration paths and as such attract has a territory of about 48 200 hectare. Bourgas is a wide range and number of migratory birds. the fourth largest city in Bulgaria. The municipality Profiles of participating Cities / 15 The Municipality has a population of around 226,000 The Port of Bourgas located in the heart of the city inhabitants of which 49% are male and 51% are is classified as being the biggest seaport in Bulgaria female. Unemployment in the area is very low at on which the economy and historic culture has been 1.4%. There is ethnic diversity with small popula- built. Commissioned in December 1894 and opened tions of Roma, Turks and Armenian however the in May 1903. The port operates a main port area and Municipality enjoys a harmonious relationship and 3 sub ports with 28 vessel berths with 4,800 ms of does not suffer with some of the social problems quays and maximum allowable draught of 15.50 ms. experienced by other large urban areas in the The existing access channels and depths alongside country. allow vessels featuring dwt of 125,000 t to be han- dled. At the open area of the port leading from the 1.2. Main assets of infrastructure road way the port offers a 60 hectare basin, 3 quay The City is strategically positioned in the south east walls with total length of 590 m and depths of 24 of the country with direct and close transport routes feet. The port handles more than 1,500 vessels and (I 9 /E-87) with the borders of Greece and Turkey, a large number of petroleum tankers moor each (80 km away from Turkey, 120 km from Greece) year with onward routes to Near east Asia and the Mediterranean. There is a main line station in the There is a master plan for the development of the city with connections across Bulgaria and onward port up until 2015. Construction started in June outside the EU.

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