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Zaalteksten En.Indd
ground in the city Under g aller EnPlease drop me in the box as you leave y texts Down the rabbit hole 1 We experience what is happening above ground on a daily basis, but what lies underneath the earth’s surface is usually hidden from view. And because that world is largely terra incognita for us, what happens there is shrouded in mystery. Stories about tunnels used to access and rob banks or as secret escape routes capture our imagination. By their very nature, illegal resistance movements operate ‘underground’, shunning the spotlight. The underground scene of artistic subcultures also prefers to avoid the glare of public attention. Besides arousing our curiosity, the unknown frightens us. The devil and other monstrous creatures are said to be lurking deep under the ground. Sewage workers would be well advised to offer up a quick prayer before removing a manhole cover. On the other hand, it is to the earth that we entrust our most cherished treasures. Venture down below and a wondrous world will open up to you! 1.1 Hepworth Manufacturing Company, The deep and Alice in Wonderland, 1903 mysterious underground It is very difficult to fathom what 1.2 Walt Disney Productions, is actually happening inside the earth Alice in Wonderland, 1951 and for a long time this was a matter of guesswork. Even now the deepest 1.3 In 1877 Thomas Wallace Knox, an Ameri- drilling operations into the earth’s can journalist and author of adventure crust are mere pinpricks. stories, wrote a weighty tome entitled The German priest and scholar Athana- The Underground World: a mirror of life sius Kircher tried to explain a number below the surface, with vivid descrip- of phenomena in the influential book tions of the hidden works of nature and he wrote in 1664: Mundus subterraneus, art, comprising incidents and adven- quo universae denique naturae tures beyond the light of day… divitiae. -
Geomorphology of Thermo-Erosion Gullies – Case Study from Bylot Island, Nunavut, Canada
Geomorphology of thermo-erosion gullies – case study from Bylot Island, Nunavut, Canada Godin Etienne & Fortier Daniel Département de Géographie – Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Center for Northern Studies, (CEN) – Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ABSTRACT In the valley of glacier C-79 on Bylot Island, snowmelt water runoff is creating thermo-erosion of permafrost wetlands. This process contributes to the rapid formation of gullies in ice-wedge polygons. One gully had been observed since 1999 and had a growth of 748 m since then. The geomorphology of this gully is characterized by an active thermo- erosion zone near the gully head, a poorly-active zone near the outlet and a moderately active zone in-between. Feedback mechanisms contribute to the erosion processes governing the development of the gully, accelerating erosion at its head and stabilizing it at its outlet. Erosion features such as sinkholes, collapses and baydjarakhs were consequently observed in the gully. Thermo-erosion processes have remained active and have had an impact on the ecosystem for more than a decade. RÉSUMÉ La thermo-érosion induite par la fonte du couvert nival cause la dégradation du pergélisol dans la vallée glaciaire C-79 sur l’Ile Bylot. Ce processus contribue à la formation rapide de réseaux de ravinement dans les polygones à coin de glace. L'observation d'un ravin depuis sa formation en 1999 et de son évolution jusqu’à 748 m en 2009, révèle trois types de zones d’érosion caractérisant sa géomorphologie : une zone de thermo-érosion très active en amont, une zone intermédiaire, et une zone faiblement active à proximité de l’exutoire. -
Sthapatyakam. the Architecture of Cambodia
STHAPATYAKAM The Architecture of Cambodia ស䮐ាបតាយកម䮘កម䮖ុᾶ The “Stha Patyakam” magazine team in front of Vann Molyvann’s French Library on the RUPP Campus Supervisor Dr. Tilman Baumgärtel Thanks to Yam Sokly, Heritage Mission, who has Design Supervisor Christine Schmutzler shared general knowledge about architecture in STHAPATYAKAM Editorial Assistant Jenny Nickisch Cambodia, Oun Phalline, Director of National Museum, The Architecture of Cambodia Writers and Editors An Danhsipo, Bo Sakalkitya, Sok Sophal, Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Architecture, Chey Phearon, Chhuon Sophorn, Cheng Bunlong, for an exclusive interview, Chheang Sidath, architect at Dareth Rosaline, Heng Guechly, Heang Sreychea, Ly Chhuong Import & Export Company, Nhem Sonimol, ស䮐ាបតាយកម䮘កម䮖ុᾶ Kun Chenda, Kim Kotara, Koeut Chantrea, Kong Sovan, architect student, who contributed the architecture Leng Len, Lim Meng Y, Muong Vandy, Mer Chanpolydet, books, Chhit Vongseyvisoth, architect student, A Plus Sreng Phearun, Rithy Lomor Pich, Rann Samnang, who contributed the Independence Monument picture, Samreth Meta, Soy Dolla, Sour Piset, Song Kimsour, Stefanie Irmer, director of Khmer Architecture Tours, Sam Chanmaliny, Ung Mengyean, Ven Sakol, Denis Schrey from Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Phnom Department of Media and Communication Vorn Sokhan, Vann Chanvetey, Yar Ror Sartt, Penh for financial support of the printing, to the Royal University of Phnom Penh Yoeun Phary, Nou Uddom. Ministry of Tourism that has contributed the picture of Russian Boulevard, Phnom Penh Illustrator Lim -
Egypt and Israel: Tunnel Neutralization Efforts in Gaza
WL KNO EDGE NCE ISM SA ER IS E A TE N K N O K C E N N T N I S E S J E N A 3 V H A A N H Z И O E P W O I T E D N E Z I A M I C O N O C C I O T N S H O E L C A I N M Z E N O T Egypt and Israel: Tunnel Neutralization Efforts in Gaza LUCAS WINTER Open Source, Foreign Perspective, Underconsidered/Understudied Topics The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is an open source research organization of the U.S. Army. It was founded in 1986 as an innovative program that brought together military specialists and civilian academics to focus on military and security topics derived from unclassified, foreign media. Today FMSO maintains this research tradition of special insight and highly collaborative work by conducting unclassified research on foreign perspectives of defense and security issues that are understudied or unconsidered. Author Background Mr. Winter is a Middle East analyst for the Foreign Military Studies Office. He holds a master’s degree in international relations from Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and was an Arabic Language Flagship Fellow in Damascus, Syria, in 2006–2007. Previous Publication This paper was originally published in the September-December 2017 issue of Engineer: the Professional Bulletin for Army Engineers. It is being posted on the Foreign Military Studies Office website with permission from the publisher. FMSO has provided some editing, format, and graphics to this paper to conform to organizational standards. -
Congestion Relief Toll Tunnels
Policy Study No. 164 July 1993 CONGESTION RELIEF TOLL TUNNELS by Robert W. Poole, Jr. and Yuzo Sugimoto EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Changing urban land-use patterns have reduced the importance of traditional downtowns as the origin and destination of numerous vehicular trips. Much traffic on downtown-area freeways seeks merely to get past downtown, thereby worsening the level of congestion for those seeking access to downtown. A number of European cities have begun to develop a new type of transportation facility: congestion-relief toll tunnels in downtown areas. These projects appear to be economically feasible largely or entirely from premium-price tolls paid by users. Hence, they are being developed by private consortia, operating under long-term franchises from government. Other keys to the feasibility of such projects are peak/off-peak pricing structures (congestion pricing), nonstop electronic toll collection, and restriction of use to auto-size vehicles only (to reduce tunnel dimensions and therefore capital investment). Preliminary analysis indicates that congestion-relief bypass tunnels for downtown Los Angeles and San Francisco would be economically feasible as private business ventures, if developed along European lines. Similar approaches might be applied to other controversial freeway projects in both cities, and to restructuring Boston's huge and controversial Central Artery/Tunnel project. Congress has already authorized public-private partnerships of this type, permitting private capital and private owner/operation to be used, both for new projects and to rebuild existing highway, bridge, and tunnel facilities. Six states and Puerto Rico have enacted private-tollway legislation under which such projects could be developed and operated. -
5 Days 4 Nights Siem Reap & Phnom Penh Tours 659 619 749 569 699
5 Days 4 Nights Siem Reap & Phnom Penh Tours Day 1: Arrival Siem Reap (L, D) Arrival Siem Reap airport, welcome by our friendly guide and transfer to hotel for check-in. Visit the South Gate of Angkor Thom, the famous Bayon Temple – built by Jayavarman VII at the end of the 12th, in the exact center of the city of Angkor Thom, Bapoun and Terrace of Elephants. Then Thommanon and Chau Say Tevoda temples, that both of all give visitors an impression of how Angkor must have appeared when first recovered. Lunch at local restaurant. Afternoon, visit to Angkor Wat – one of the seven greatest architectural wonders of the world, built in between the 9th and 13th century, its general view are five ancient towers’ figure that embroidered or printed to the Kingdom of Cambodia’s Flag now, followed by visit to the Phnom Bakheng temple and view sunset from Phnom Bakheng. Dinner at local restaurant and overnight stay at hotel. Day 2: Full day in Siem Reap (B, L, D) After breakfast, Visit to Banteay Samre temple built by Suryavarman II and contains well-preserved relief depicting scenes of Vishnu and Krishna legends. Then visit Banteay Srei temple, built under Jayavarman V, as the jewel in the crown of classical Khmer arts. Its rose-coloured sandstone walls are decorated with carvings and bas-reliefs, which are among the most accomplished Angkor has to offer. Lunch at local restaurant. PM: Visit the remarkable temples: Ta Keo – the mountain temple with an imposing 5 tier pyramid that was one of the 1st Angkorian monuments built entirely in sandstone. -
Commercial Banks
List of Commercial Banks As of July 31, 2020 No. Name Address Phone 1 FIRST COMMERCIAL BANK PHNOM PENH BRANCH # 66, Preah Norodom Blvd., Sangkat Chey Chumneas,Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh 070 600 098 / 023 220 773-220 772 2 KRUNG THAI BANK PUBLIC CO., LTD PHNOM PENH BRANCH # 149, 215 Road, Sangkat Phsar Depo1, Khan Toulkork, Phnom Penh 023 882 959 3 Bank of India Phnom Penh Branch #68 (Eo), Building ICON, Preah Norodom Blvd, Sangkat Tonle Basak, Khan Chamkamorn, Phnom Penh 023 219 108 4 BANK OF CHINA (HONG KONG) LIMITED PHNOM PENH BRANCH Canadia Tower (315) 1st- 2nd Floor, Preah Monivong Blvd, Sangkat Wat Phnom, Khan Don Penh, Phnom Penh 023 988 886 5 Mega International Commercial Bank Phnom Penh Branch #139, St. 274&41, Sangkat Boeung Kengkang 1, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh 023 988 101-218 540 6 ICBC Limited Phnom Penh Branch Exchange Square (Ground Floor) No. 19 and 20, Street 106, Phum Pir, Sangkat Voat Phnom, Khan Doun Penh, Phnom Penh 023 955 880 7 MB Bank Plc., Cambodia Branch #146, Preah Norodom Blvd, Sangkat Tonle Basak, Khan Chamkar Mon, Phnom Penh 023 964 666 8 Taiwan Cooperative Bank, Phnom Penh Branch #171, Preah Norodom Blvd at corner of St322, Beoung Keng Kang 1, Khan Chamkamorn, Phnom Penh 023 430 800 9 Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited, Cambodia Branch #344 (1st, 2nd floor), Mao Tse Toung Boulevard, Sangkat toul Svay Prey 1, Khan Chamkar Mon, Phnom Penh 023 224 404 10 Branch of Kasikorn Bank Public Company Limitted (Phnom Penh) #45, Preah Sihanouk Blvd, Corner of street No.59, Phum 6, Sangkat Chaktomuk, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh 077 555 366 / 023 214 998-214 999 11 Branch of Mizuho Bank, Ltd. -
The Influence of Geology on Battlefield Terrain and It's Affects on Military Operations in Mountains and Karst Regions: Examp
Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik Vol. 19 str. 57 - 66 Zagreb, 2007. UDC 341.31:550.9 Original scientific paper UDK 341.31:550.9 Originalni znanstveni rad Language/Jezik:English/Engleski THE INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY ON BATTLEFIELD TERRAIN AND IT’S AFFECTS ON MILITARY OPERATIONS IN MOUNTAINS AND KARST REGIONS: EXAMPLES FROM WW1 AND AFGHANISTAN UTJECAJ GEOLOGIJE BOJNOG POLJA NA VOJNE OPERACIJE U PLANINSKOM I KRŠKOM PODRUČJU: PRIMJERI IZ PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA I IZ AFGANISTANA MARKO ZEČEVIĆ1, ENIO JUNGWIRTH2 1 Ministry of Defence, Material Resources Directorate, Bauerova 31, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia e-mail:[email protected] 2 Ministry of Defence, Institute for Researches and Development of Defense Systems, Ilica 256 b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia e-mail:[email protected] Key words: Military geology, “geological intelligence”, mountain Ključne riječi: Vojna geologija, “geološko izvješćivanje”, ratovanje u warfare, karst regions, terrain analysis planinama, krška područja, analiza terena Abstract Sažetak During the World War I conflict between the Austrian and Italian Tijekom 1. svjetskog rata u sukobu između talijanske i austro-ugar- army, Austrian engineer units constructed hallways in the karst region of ske vojske na rijeci Soči, austrijske su inženjerijske postrojbe izgradile Soča river. Those hallways, karst phenomena (caverns, caves) and other tunele u kršu. Takvi umjetni objekti (tuneli) i prirodni krški fenomeni fortifications, gave the Austrian army a tactical advantage. The construc- (kaverne, prirodne spilje), kao i druge fortifikacije omogućile su austro- tion principle of caverns is the consequence of the geological structure ugarskoj vojsci prednost u taktičkom smislu. Princip izgradnje tunela of the terrain. We are watching another military conflict in Afghanistan. -
Exploring the War Underground Aims
World War One Centenary : Continuations and Beginnings (University of Oxford / JISC) Exploring the War Underground by Chris Stephens 2012-10-29 15:44:57 Life on the Western Front front was lived underground, either in trenches or dugouts, or even deeper beneath the surface in caves, souterraines ' medieval underground quarries - or complex tunnel systems, designed to defend the frontlines from subterranean attack and then take the fight to the enemy in a deadly, troglodyte game of cat and mouse. The battlefields of Europe and beyond were underpinned by this subterranean world, for it was an essential part of the bloody business of trench warfare and the attritional nature of a conflict, where technology and industrial might had far outpaced long-outdated notions of strategy and tactics. (Matt Leonard) It is difficult to comprehend what the underground world of the Western Front would have been like, and very difficult to reconstruct today. For the 2012 television adaption of Sebastian Falks novel Birdsong, producers attempted to build an accurate replica of part of the vast network of tunnels, believed to be the first undertaking of this kind. However for those studying Birdsong or conflict archaeology this simulation provides an alternative immersive experience to explore the conflict landscapes and material culture of the First World War. The simulation takes you on a journey through an underground tunnel network, as you descend underground though a mine shaft and explore the tunnels you can listen to Matt Leonard, conflict archeologist, explain how men survived in this environment. Within the simulation are contemporary photographs and film footage from the Durand Group, a world-authority on subterranean warfare during the First World War. -
State Highway 5 Tumunui Tomo - a Case of Road Resilience to Piping in the Rotorua-Taupo Area Proc
Martins, P. & Van Toan, D. (2017) State Highway 5 Tumunui tomo - a case of road resilience to piping in the Rotorua-Taupo area Proc. 20th NZGS Geotechnical Symposium. Eds. GJ Alexander & CY Chin, Napier State Highway 5 Tumunui tomo - a case of road resilience to piping in the Rotorua-Taupo area P Martins Beca Ltd, Tauranga, NZ [email protected] (Corresponding author) D Van Toan Beca Ltd, Auckland, NZ [email protected] Keywords: piping erosion, tomo, road resilience, Rotorua-Taupo ABSTRACT On 23 June 2016, following a heavy rain event, a section of SH5 at the locality of Tumunui, about 18km south of Rotorua, was closed due to flooding. When the water recessed a little, significant damage to the road and adjacent properties was revealed. The New Zealand Transport Agency - Bay of Plenty East Network Outcomes Contract (BoPE NOC) is the road asset management contract covering the damaged section of SH5. Due to the immediate risk to road users arising from the event, the geotechnical incident response procedure of the BoPE NOC was triggered. Based on the geotechnical investigation undertaken it was concluded that the damage sustained by SH5 at Tumunui was due to reactivation of a naturally occurring internal erosion process that had been developing across the area since at least the 1970’s. The process is intrinsically associated with the geomorphic context of the site and the underlying geology. Following the event, a risk assessment was undertaken and concluded that with management controls in place it was possible to keep the road partially open to traffic. -
Prince Sihanouk: the Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970
Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Scholarship Spring 2013 Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970 Weena Yong Trinity College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons, Asian Art and Architecture Commons, Asian History Commons, Environmental Design Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, Military, War, and Peace Commons, National Security Law Commons, South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons, and the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Yong, Weena, "Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2013. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/309 Prince Norodom Sihanouk Prince Norodom The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970 by Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia By Weena Yong Advised by Michael Lestz Janet Bauer Zayde Gordon Antrim A Thesis Submitted to the International Studies Program of Trinity College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree © May 2013 1 For my parents, MiOk Mun and Yong Inn Hoe, My brothers, KeeSing Benjamin and KeeHup Arie, My sister, Lenna XingMei And to all my advisors and friends, Whom have inspired and supported me Every day. 2 Abstract This thesis addresses Prince Sihanouk and the model of absolute monarchy in Cambodia during his ‘golden era.’ What is the legacy bequeathed to his country that emanated from his years as his country’s autocratic leader (1954-1970)? What did he leave behind? My original hypothesis was that Sihanouk was a libertine and ruthless god-king who had immense pride for his country. -
The Study on Drainage and Sewerage Improvement Project in Phnom Penh Metropolitan Area
JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT PHNOM PENH CAPITAL CITY KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA THE STUDY ON DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN PHNOM PENH METROPOLITAN AREA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II MAIN REPORT DECEMBER 2016 CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. KITAKYUSHU WATER SERVICE CO., LTD. GE JR 16-132 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT PHNOM PENH CAPITAL CITY KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA THE STUDY ON DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN PHNOM PENH METROPOLITAN AREA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II MAIN REPORT DECEMBER 2016 CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. KITAKYUSHU WATER SERVICE CO., LTD. COMPOSITION OF FINAL REPORT VOLUME I: SUMMARY VOLUME II: MAIN REPORT VOLUME III: ANNEX Currency Exchange Rates used in this Report [Master Plan Stage] USD 1.00 = Riel 3,988 = JPY 119.64 Riel 1.00 = USD 0.00025 = JPY 0.030 JPY 1.00 = USD 0.0084 = Riel 33.3 (As of 1st April 2015) [Pre-Feasibility Study Stage] USD 1.00 = Riel 4,033 = JPY 122.85 Riel 1.00 = USD 0.00025 = JPY 0.030 JPY 1.00 = USD 0.0081 = Riel 33.3 (As of 1st December 2015) LOCATION MAP Cheung Aek Lake Discharged Water from Kop Srov Pumping Station Trabek Channel Tamok Lake Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Dye House Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Aeon Mall Water Quality Monitoring at Prek Thnot River Septic Tank (Under Construction) Septage Vacuum Truck Candidate Site of Cheung Aek STP PHOTOGRAPHS (1/2) Inundation in Wat Phnom Northern Area