INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY

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Polish feature * s*,lrirr,*i''e AIA lronbridge Award o Marconi centenary o Bull engine oldest beam engrile house o coalfield housing o World Heritage Site c Bovisa Current Research and Thinking in Industrial Archaeology: The Pre- Conference Seminar at Manchester 20OO

INDUSTRIAL The AIA's traditional pre-conference seminar was shaoed a site.Surface remains can be a reflection of held on 8 September 2000 in the hallowed underground working methods and can therefore be ARCHAEOLOGY surroundings of the chapel at Hulme Hall, which the key to understanding how and why a site was NEWS 116 worked well until the sun came out. since there worked: they can equally be very misleading. Ihis was no black-out! The organisers apologise for paper asserted that it is necessary in studying the 20()1 this defect to both speakers and delegates at archaeology of mining to consider carefully the what was otherwise an extremelv successful symbiotic relationship that exists between the Chairman gathering. surface and the underground remains. Dr Michael Harrison John Walker (Greater Manchester I 9 Sandles Close, the Ridings, Droitwich Spa, WR9 8RB Marilyn Palmer and Peter Neaverson Archaeological Unit), also, with Michael Nevell, a Vice-Chairman winner of the AIA Fieldwork and Recording Award, Prof Marilyn Palmer took as his title 'From farmer to factory owner: a School of Archaeological Studies, The University, Our first contributor was Tim Smith (Greater Leicester LEl 7RH model of industrialisation from the Manchester London Industrial Archaeology Society) on evidence', In Tameside in Transition, they took the Secretary the weight-loaded hydraulic accumulator and new monument types established for the period David Alderton accumulator towers, on which Tim is the 48 Quay Street, Halesworth, Suffolk lP1 9 8EY 1600-1 900 which were included the undoubted authority. He discussed their in RCHME/English Heritage Thesaurus of Treasurer development, nature and use and showed slides Archaeological Monuments, and tried to relate these Michael Messenger of the towers used to house them. Around 100 144 Lake Road East, Roath Park, Cardiff CF23 5NQ to the seventeenth and eighteenth century social towers survive in Britain but only a quarter of structure of the area. Ihe history of the social lA Review Editors these still contain their accumulators. The groupings was followed and the monuments they Peter Neaverson and Prof Marilyn Palmer adaptive re-use of towers was also touched upon School of Archaeological Studies, The University, were responsible for analysed, suggesting it was the Leicester LE1 7RH but what do you do with a redundant - wealthier tenant farmers who were the driving force accumulator tower? behind the industrialisation of the region. Michael lA News Editor Paul Sowan (Subterranea Britannica) Dr Peter Stanier Nevell himself described the recording work being 49 Breach [ane, Shaftesbury Dorset 5P7 8LF described some technologically advanced late- undertaken on canal warehouses in the north-west. nineteenth and early-twentieth century limekilns in Affiliated Societies officer This complemented a paper by Simon Taylor the south-east of , the importance of which Prof Ray Riley (English Heritage) on packing and shipping 8 Queen's Keep, Clarence Paradg Southsea, Hants have been recognised under the Monuments warehouses Manchester, An examination of the PO5 3NX in Protection Programme as high priority candidates for warehouses of the merchant cotton exporters of scheduling. Close liaison has been established Sales Officer Manchester, based primarily on first-hand Roger Ford between the Surrey WildlifeTrust (seeking to improve Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, Bridgnorth, Shropshire investigation of some of the best surviving examples, the kilns as bat hibernation sites) and industrial WV1 5 5AF has been canied out by EH northern Architectural archaeologists an interest in the kilns with Survey section over the last four years. The survey has Librarian and Archivist themselves. John Powell indicated their progressive methods of construction, Ray Riley and Tony Yoward (Southampton do IGMT, lronbridge, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7AW architectural style and servicing in the face of University Industrial Archaeology Group) took us changing economic factors, both locally and globally, Honorary Vice-Presidents into the realms of structuration theory, using ProfAngus Buchanan Sir Neil Cossons and the impositions of legislation, from the mid- nineteenth-century Portsmouth as case iohn Hume Stuart B. Smith in a nineteenth century to the First World War, study. They discipline, industrial argued that, as a The seminar closed, appropriately, with a Council Members archaeology focuses upon artefacts. Yet artefacts are Mike Eone ur Kooen Lafi contribution from Patrick Greene (Manchester John Crompton Roger Ford the product of decision-making, but the decision- Museum of Science and Industry) on the David Lyne Philip Morris makers are themselves subject to a variety of conversion Road Station, Manchester, Tony Parkes Prof Ray Riley of pressures, only local also the Stuart Warburton not at the but at into an internationally renowned museum. 15 national and international scales. Using structuration September 2000 marked the 1 70th binhday of the Liaison Officer theory which sees decision-makers influenced by lsabel Wilson Liverpool & Manchester Railway and the 20th AIA Office, School oiArchaeological Studies, top-down and bottom-up influencet the paper anniversary of celebrations that initiated the rescue University of leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH endeavoured to bring together all the factors acting and conversion process. The first phase opened on 5 8 01 16 252 5337, Fax:01 16 252 5005 upon millers at the time, thereby placing the e-mail: [email protected] Seotember 1983 and now The Museum of Science industrial archaeology of milling in its socio- Website: and Industry in Manchester is one of the largest of its www. industrial-archaeology.org.uk economic and political context. lhey argued that the kind in the world. His paper concentrated on the discipline of industrial archaeology would be archaeological approach taken to the conversion, strengthened if more attention was paid to the which was the subject of his article in Industrial environment within which artefacts ooerate. Archaeology Review vol /Vll, no.2 (1995). Delegates Martin Roe (Universities of Leicester and had plenty of opportunities to visit the Museum in Bradford) and winner of the Student Category in the the course of the conference. COVER PICTURE AIA Fieldwork and Recording Awards, discussed the Ihe next seminar will be held in Cambridge on Grinding wheel and pentrough recorded in 1998 at relationship between surface and underground Friday 17 August 2001, continuing the theme of the Abbeydale Works, Sheffield, where fundrng has archaeology on metal mining sites. He argued that current research and thinking in industrial (see been obtained for repairs Regional News, many archaeologists have either failed to take note archaeology, and the Editors of Industrial pagel 5) of or have failed to understand, the underground Archaeology Review welcome advance notice of Photo: @ Crown Copynght NMR activity on mining sites and how this might have ootential contributions.

2 INDUSTRIAL AR1HAE)L)GY NEW, 116 The AIA lronbridge Award

Winners of the biennial Eritish Archaeological have suffered, present abnormal challenges to storeys were demolished on safety grounds. By Awards were announced at the Great Hall of those who wish to ensure the survival of their the mid-l 970s, it was in serious danger of Edinburgh Castle on 16 November 2000. The contribution to landscape and community. collapse. Adaptive re-use has in this case rescued ceremony was opened by Lord Montagu of The judging panel (Chairman John Crompton, a building of great historical and architectural Beaulieu and the presentations were nade by with Miles Oglethorpe, Robert Carr, Nigel Sunter merit from the brink of disaster. The New Lanark HRH Prince Hassan of Jordan, who is Patron of and Peter White) have selected three entries for Conservation Trust has drawn together funding the Council for British Research in the LevanL special mention. The architects Buschow Henley from several sources to consolidate the building One of the awards, the lronbridge Award, is have converted a late nineteenth century and restore the upper storeys in a faithful replica sponsored by the AlA. The winner this year was warehouse in Shepherdess Walk, London, to of the original form. lts new use is as a high the New Lanark Conservation Trust for its work ground floor commercial space with 50 dwelling quality hotel, retaining some of the large floor on the No.l Mill at New Lanark. The following is units on three and four floors above. The external spaces and some of the structural components. lts based on a citation read by Lis Toms before the form of the building retains its outline. The economic viability already provides an income Award was presented. courtyard and dwelling unit interiors combine stream to support the work of the Conservation modern access features with the retention of the Trust in other parts of New Lanark village. In It is now generally recognised that archaeology major elements of the original building, and the forming a partnership with a local college for no longer confines its interests to finds and top floor units include roof-top pavilions and training in catering skills, it happily reflects structures below ground, and that the built 'yards' which promise to recreate the social Robert 0wen's educational principles. The environment constitutes an important part of the interactions of suburban streets. The judges restoration and re-use of Mill No.1 is perhaps the archaeological resource. Buildings of many decided to recognise this project by commending crowning glory of New Lanark Conservation periods speak to the present generation about it highly. Trust's work in a quarter century of achievement the lives, skills and aspirations of past civilisations The Stanley Mills on a spectacular site on the (see photograph, lA News l14, page 6). lt is a and previous generations. The built environment River Tay in Perthshire is one of four famous worthy reclpient of the lronbridge Award in this provides a document of incredible richness for cotton textile mill developments in Scotland Millennium year. those who have learned how to read it. The dating from the late eighteenth century. Stanley The AIA lronbridge Award was presented by lronbridge Award brings this sense of buildings as Mills closed in 1989, to be rescued in 1995 when HRH Prince Hassan of Jordan to Jim Arnold and archaeology into the fold of archaeological taken into care by Historic Scotland. The Phoenix Harry Smith on behalf of the New Lanark practice recognised by the British Archaeological Trust, which was launched at Stanley Mills in Conservation Trust. Certificates for the two Awards. 1 997, has undertaken the restoration and runners-up were received by Ken Rorrison of The cunent sponsor of the lronbridge Award conversion of 2 Mills into high quality houses and Buschow Henley for the Shepherdess Walk is the Association for Industrial Archaeology. lt is apartments to plans drawn up by Edinburgh warehouse and David MacLehose on behalf of presented for the adaptlve re-use of a building of architects Law & Dunbar-Nasmith. The judges the Phoenix Trust for Stanley Mills. any type or period which, in the opinion of the commended the Phoenix Trust's work very highly. The next British Archaeological Awards will judges, best retains the architectural and Even more famous, both for its site and the be held in 2002 and any projects from now until structural character of the building's former use, utopian experiments of Robert Owen, is another then will be eligible. Details will be available in whilst providing a new and economically of Scotland's cotton mill complexes, New Lanark. January 2002 from Richard J. Brewer, Hon. sustainable future. In considering projects, the Founded in 1785, it was soon the largest in the Secretary, British Archaeological Awards, c/o judges are looking for adaptive re-use solutions world. Mill No.'l was a fine example of Department of Archaeology & Numismatics, for 'difficult' buildings which, because of their Arkwright's classic design, six storeys with three National Museum & Gallery Cathays Park, Cardiff structural form or perhaps because of the waterwheels. By the early twentieth century it CF10 3NP I 02920 573247: Fax: 02920 hardships they have undergone and damage they was 'out of repair' and in 1946 the upper two 667 320; e-mail: Richard. [email protected]

HRH Prince Hassan of Jordan presents the AtA lronbridge Award to Jim Arnold and Harry Smith on behalf of the New Lanark Conseruation Trust Photo: H istoric Scotland

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 3 The steam tug Nadbor and industrial archaeology in Poland

The work of the foundation for the Open Museum of Technology (f)MT), in promoting the Drotection of industrial monuments in Poland is described briefly. There follows an account of the history and preservation of the river tug Nadb6r at Wroclaw. The vessel is the only fully preserved steam tug in Poland.

Mike Clarke

In August 1996, I visited Poland to join a conservation and heritage workshop organised at Walim, a small former textile village to the west of Wroclaw. Local industrial heritage includes a large water reservoir with a stone dam on the Bystrzyca River (1912-17), the hydroelectric station 'Lubachow', local railway its the and The steam tug Nadbor in the )dra River in 1957 Photo : M i eczvs I aw Wrdb I ewsk i bridges (1902-4) which links Swidnica with Jedlina Zdroj, out of use since 1991. There are also the underground weapon factories built in The tug now forms the office of TMDSO, a guilder Polish-Dutch commercial treaty signed on the Second World War, underground lead and business undertaking the recording of technical 'I 8 December 1946, lor the purchase of tugs for silver mines and other evidence of mining activity monuments, teaching historical and conservatory the Oder River. and the whole contract had been from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries, textile studies, and which is involved with all aspects of completed by 1 949. Nine tugs of 500 HP and 1 3 factories and much else. industrial and technical heritage. lt has its own tugs of 250 HP entered service on the canalised The Foundation for the Ooen Museum of computer data base covering over 7,000 section of the 0der River: Gliwice - Kozle - Technology (FOMT), organised by Dr Stanislaw industrial and technical monuments in Poland. Wroclaw Nadb1rbelongs to the second group. Januszewski, is promoting the maintenance and including 50,000 photos and about 10,000 Hull and suoerstructure were fabricated at protection of these technical and industrial drawings. The tug also provides a lecture hall and the Bijkers Maatschapij shipyard in Gorinchem monuments. F0MT, together with electricity exhibition space for the F0MT and is a museum (builders No. 19 / 266 | 115), and the main company 'Walbrzych JSC' commenced opening ship, complete with original machinery. The tug engines and auxiliary machinery were built by the hydroelectric station 'Lubachow' to the public will be moored in the outer harbour of the N.V Boeles Scheeoswerven Maschinenfabriek during my visit. The station still produces Szczytniki Lock, opposite the Technical University (builders No. 120). The main dimensions of the electricity with hydroelectric sets from 'l 91 3. of Wroclaw, where an exhibition alongside the tug are as follows: length - 28.0m, breadth - Equipment, which includes the dispatcher's office, tug will display a variety of historical equipment 6.60m, depth - 2.10m, minimum headroom - switchboards, measuring apparatus, and relics of connected with the Oder River, together with a 3.90m, draught - 1.10m. In 1954, the Polish the previous switching station, are all kept in small caf6. Further renovation work needs to be shipyard in Kozle built two additional tugs to the good condition, undertaken including conservation of the steam Dutch drawings, differing in some aspects, such On subsequent visits to Wroclaw, I was able engine and , and reconstruction of the as a rounded stern instead of the angular stern of to examine the town's water supply stations, ship's auxiliary equipment. Ihe Nadb6r is today the Dutch tugs.

including the preserved steam pumps, and its the only fully preserved steam tug in Poland with From 1 949 to 1 965, Nadbor was engaged on interesting navigable waterway system. There original , room, control towage of barges on the Odra between Kozle was also the steam tug Nadb6r. In July 1998, Dr system, wheelhouse, hull and equipment. After (and Gliwice) and Wroclaw. After withdrawal Januszewski took over the tug from its former completion of the renovation works it is expected from commercial service, she was used as a owner 'ODRATRANS' 5.A., on behalf of the that she will receive her'sailing condition floating boiler room in the Repair Base of the Technical Monument Study & Documentation certificate'. Odra Steamship Company from 1968 until 1975. Office fiMSDO). Ihe Nadbdr was Dart of a 30 million Dutch In the late 1970s, the tug was used as a power station at a hydro-engineering site in the former Czechoslovakia (on the Elbe), and for this purpose, a generating set and electric power distribution station were installed in the aft crew compartments. After returning home in 1982, a trial was undertaken in December using the tug as an ice- breaker in region of the Wroclaw Waterway Authority. However, it soon become obvious that the tug was not suitable for icebreaking because of its stem shape. Finally, in I 983, the tug put into storage at'Osobowice l'. In 1986/87, through the initiative of Mr Marian Szwarc, the PP'Zegluga na Odrze' (Odra Steamship Company) decided to preserve the tug. ln 1992, PP 'Zegluga na Odrze' was transformed into the ODRATRANS S.A. company, which has given the tug, with specific agreements, into the care of the Foundation of Open Museum of Technology. Nadbor during the Science Festival in Wroclaw Photo: M. Clarke

4 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 116 Handloon weavers cottages at Chelmno, close to the Czech border and about 60 niles west of Wroclaw. These were used by linen weavers, possibly from Bohenia. The looms were situated in the front downstairs, with living space behind and storage above. Photo; M. Clarke

This invefted bow-girder bridge is one of several similar bridges on the Swidnica Kraszowice to jedlina Zdroj railway. lt was built cl902 and closed in | 986. The railway, about 40 miles west of Wroclaw has not been disnantled and it nay possibly reopen for tourism Photo: M. Clarke

AEG stean turbine set from the 1920s in a linen nill in Walin. The mill closed in the early 1990s when it still had a few Preston-made Lancashire looms and some Russian copies of Northrop looms. Hopes of turning the nill into a nuseum have now faded. The area has a long history ol textile production and there was a nuseum in an old beetling nill in the 1930s. The nill is now a house, but it may be reconverted to a museum. Photo: M. Clarke

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 5 Ab0t'e The l\4ost Grunn,altlzkt ,tr tht K,:tsu Errdgt' tn Wroclaw (Breslau), opened tn l9l a rs pdtt 0f a developntent plan by the crty architect Rtchard Pluddernann The tan/ers werc ortgtnally :,LttnoLrtted by curvecl ;tded pyranids a shleld whrch reatl 'Kalset Bricke' tn lltp Gt)ltc o[ thp:tone arch was rentoved alter WW2, as vvere Gennan eagle de*:qtt5 on the lowets Photo M Clarke

Lt it A ltntcstane klln tn Krapkon rte datnll lront crrca | 930 'itoto M Clarke

ADVERTISE IN IA NEWS IA News reaches a wide readership through direct subscriptions, ciculation to affiliated organisations and use in libraries. Ttre market reached will be attractive to publishers, tour operators, heritage consultants and visitor attractions. Advertising rates range from as little as €3O to €17O for a full page. AII proceeds contribute to the costs of the Newsletter and the work of the Association which is a registered charity. Inserts may be mailed with IA News at a charge of €25. For further details, contact the Editor.

6 INDUSTRIAL ARcHAEoLoGy NEW; 1 16 OBITUARIES

John Keavey 150 of his former colleagues, students and friends gathered at the (1 e22-2000) Richard Attenborough Centre, John was born in . He served in University of Leicester Campus on 9 Navy in WW2, and later worked the December in a celebration of his life for the Yorkshire Electricity Board. and work. The celebration took the married moved Pool in John and to form of 12 short addresses by those Wharfedale where he published bus closely associated with his and train timetables and two books, published works on railway history Leeds (1950\ and Rails Lines to at his professional life at Leicester (1960). Runcorn He came to live in University, his involvement with the Skipton in 1962 and organised Science Museums, particularly at Archaeology budget Industrial Bradford and York, and his was weekends and cycling tours. lt involvement with the first BBC local at a Model Railway Exhibition in radio station. A oresentation of Skipton Town Hall, a few years later, essays in his honour, originally that he and a few friends decided to intended as a 'surprise Festschrift' start a local railway society. From during his life, will now be published this beginning the Embsay and as a commemoration, in 2001, Grassington Railway Preservation entitled 'The impact of Railway on lohn Keavey Society was formed in 0ctober Society in Britain'. Railway 1 968. historians should keep an eye open archaeology schools in the Yorkshire shop which he helped so much to John's enthusiasm helped to get for this oublication which includes Dales with Dr Arthur Raistrick. He turn into one of the jewels of the the group off to a good start. The section pre- founded and edited the journal railway's crown. John's dream was in one an article on Socieg was re-named the Yorkshire of lndustrial Past in 1974 (later re- always to finish the'railway job' and railways Dales Railway Society and its aim Leicestershire and South , named I ndustria I Heritage), inviting to see the railway re-opened to was changed to re-opening the line Bill Mitchell (editor of the Bolton Abbey. At the re-opening a note on MR operating documents from Embsay to Bolton Abbey. As and one on financing the Leicester & Dalesman) and Arthur Raistrick to ceremony in 1998 he was, as crisis followed crisis it was always The act as Trustees. He was still in the always, more than generous about Swannington Railway. John who encouraged the few to remaining 21 articles cover various editor's chair when he died last the hard work of others and of their continue and not to give up. He aspects of railway history. September. Now after 26 years it part in this remarkable doggedly carried on through the Jack Simmons was co-founder carries on under the editorship of achievement. bleak years with true Yorkshire grit. ol the Journal of Transport History. Phil Hudson, with headquarters John Keavey will be John was always courteous, helpful Among his well known books on moved to Settle, at the nub of remembered as one of the early and warm-hearted and he had the railway transport history including another great railway preservation pioneers in both Industrial ability to bring people and ideas The Victorian Railway (1991) and success - the Settle-Carlisle Line. Archaeology publishing and Railway together. He was always the heart The Oxford Companion British After suffering a a few Preservation and his death is a qreat to and soul of the Embsay Steam Railway History, earlier 5f years ago his activities were loss to both. his Railway and in recognition of this (1 was restricted somewhat. but at the Pancras Station 968) was made in the early influential in the saving of that great same time gave him the opportunity Jack Simmons 1980s. John held this office with Victorian landmark at a time when to give more time to doing what he dignity and great humility until his (1 91 5-2000) Euston Station had alreadV been loved most of all, editing lndustrial death. Jack Simmons, 0BE, FRSL, savaged by redevelopment. Heritage and buying and selling Professor From the 1960s, John organised died on 3 September 2000 and over Station book and ran pioneering industrial books in the Embsay

AIA 2OO1 CAMBRIDGE CONFERENCE

WHERE? Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge WHEN? Pre-conference seminar Friday l7 August Main Conf'erence Friday l7 August to Sunday l9 August Post-conference programme Sunday 19 August to Friday 24 August

Lectures and visits will cover a variety of themes, but in particular the drainage of the Fens and the forms of power used. Also planned are the industries of the larger towns of Cambridge and Peterborough, rural industries such as the use of wind power and local extractive industries and their products, such as bricks, lime and cement making. Industries distinctive to the area include coprolite mining, horse racing stables at Newmarket, airships and aircraft restoration.

Details are included with this mailing. The AIA Liaison Officer, School of Archaeological Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH 0116 2525337, Fax: 0116252 5005, e-mail:[email protected]

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 7 NEWS

Bull engine to be put in Until 1 954 a pair of Bull engines Museum Prism Fund is to provide twentieth century. was still in regular use at the f4,000 in the first year of the Project In the next phase the house working order Sudbrook pumping station for the with hopefully a further f8,000 over building companies were mainly work has started at the Preliminary Severn railway tunnel and one was the following two years. To raise the those with interests in coal mining Kew Bridge Museum in West removed and put in store for sum of f40,000 required, the Bull only. In general, these were classic London on a project to restore their eventual display at the Welsh Restoration Committee may apply brick terraces built on a grid pattern. 'I pumping to 859 Bull engine lndustrial and Maritime Museum. to the Heritage Lottery Fund and a Poolsbrook and the recently working order. lt was built by Bute Street, Cardiff. Unfortunately company sponsorship scheme might demolished Arkwright Town were Harvey's of Hayle 1855-9 for the this Museum has now closed. A Bull be started. There have already been good examples. The model village Waterworks Grand Junction engine on its original site is a very a number of generous donations was atypical of the housing and was similar two Company to rare thing and to have one in from individuals. developments in the county, as the inches diameter others also of 70 working order at the Kew Bridge To raise the profile of the Kew majority of the companies supplied to the Company's Museum will fill a considerable gap. Bridge Project a Bull Engine Project continued to construct conventional Campden Hill Pumping Station in The Kew Bridge example is the Open Day was held on 30 brick terraces. However, the 1857. Bridge example The Kew largest survivor of its type. September 2000 with the Bolsover Coal Co built Creswell and 1944, the worked until January Edward Bull (1 759-1 798) was restoration team on hand. Silt is to New Bolsover as'village green' stroke 10 steam was feet and with employed by Boulton & Watt in be cleared from the sump area (see schemes; the latter was far more psi produced 1 hp 0 at 40 it 60 at 8-1 Cornwall as a chief engine erector photograph) and an assessment will architecturally ornate. per pump strokes minute. The but on being be made of the work required to After the First World War there diameter is 28 inches. appointed over him he left the firm control the inflow and outflow of was a new impetus in house engine inverted A Bull is an and set up in business on his own. tidal water, followed by the construction. The colliery syndicates which dispenses He introduced his rnverted engine in development of an action plan. For built 1 2,500 houses in the with a beam, the acting 'I 791 but Boulton & Watt started more information contact Nick Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire directly on the pump placed beneath legal proceedings against Bull Morgan via Kew Bridge Museum, coalfields with the help of Treasury the steam . Compared with claiming his engine was an act of I 020 8558 4757. funding, a system very similar to usual much the it is piracy. The courts found in favour of Robeft Can that used for council housing with more compact but the type was Boulton & Watt and in a final Exchequer subsidies provided under unpopular with engine drivers as judgment in 1799 outstanding housing NE the 1918 housing act. Duckmanton they had fewer moving parts Coalfield in to royalties were to be paid to the and Hollingwood, which look like more Derbyshire watch and starting was Partnershio. Bull died at about this council housing, were in fact built by difficult. The Bull engine Kew East Midlands lA at time at the early age of 40. The At the 60th colliery companies. occupies a volume of only 50 x 20 x Conference, Philip Riden spoke on Boulton & patent Derbyshire's experience of coal 15 feet. lts main purpose was to the history of company housing in expired in 1 800. and iron company housing differed, pump water Campden Hill near Coalf He to For the restoration of the Bull the Derbyshire ield. for example, with South Wales. Here, Notting Hill Gate, Kensington. reviewed why some companies built engine at Kew Bridge, the Science although some iron works built housing while others of similar size houses, there was very little built none. The earliest East coalfield construction; nearly all Midlands coalfield company housing was speculative or built by housing was constructed at Golden terminating loan clubs. The major Valley adjacent Cromford to the exception was the Markham Co, Canal by the Butterley Company, which was Derbyshire based. ln the which went on to build the model Great Northern Coalfield, many village of lronville next to their companies provided housing. Codnor Park works; slightly the to In Derbyshire, the Butterley Co Oakes north the family built housing set an early tradition of housing and in Riddings village. Most of this first in the second half of the nineteenth generation iron housing was for century many other companies in workers. Yet. at the same time the area followed. At the end of the Derbyshire masters, significant iron century the coalfield moved east such no as Butler and Smith, built into a sparsely populated rural area housing at all. with little housing, unlikely to generation, In the second attract speculative development and combined coal and iron companies where the small district councils predominant were the house probably could not have raised the builders. The Clay Cross Co could be capital for building. In the 1920s 'enlightened' described as an and '30s the develooment moved company under the ownership of into Nottinghamshire as the , and built Dukeries field was opened up. Richard housing for its workers. Companies like Butterley, Bolsover Banow Barrow built Hill, unusuat as and Stanton provided the housing. the houses were in blocks, not The post industrial age in these terraces. At the same time, the large areas raises significant problems. companies Sheepbridge Coal & of The County Durham category D lron and Wingerworth Coal & lron village approach, in which total built very little housing. Stanton in demolition of villages after pit many the south of the county built closures was the practice, has oeen fhe sunp, a view looking down beneath the cylinder of the Bull engine at Kew Bridge workers' houses well into the Museum Photo: Kew Bridqe Museun discredited. The Welsh Vallevs have

8 INDUSTRIAL AR.HAE)LjGY NEW, 116 NEWS seen evacuation clearance carried years before a Bolton & Watt one at on Preston lsland in the River Forth, Marconi centenary year the Whitegrit lead mines in Shropshire, less than a mile off Low Valleyfield out. Housing in Welcome to the Marconi centenary Nottinghamshire-Derbyshire border now consolidated. The engine was on the Fife side. Coal was mined year! In October a new f2 coin problematic, a cylinder The is cunently less with atmospheric, with a here from 1800 to 1850. design was unveiled by Guglielmo hosiery probably in building square- longer lasting coalfield and about 33 inches has a separate Marconi's daughter Princess Elettra as a major secondary industry. One diameter, and manufactured by the sectioned stack and may well date at BBC Broadcasting House in Derbyshire is Arkwright ironworks Falkirk. from the early period of working. exception in Carron of London. The design was chosen completely However, the building itself appears This information has been sent Town, which was after the Royal Mint's first ever gas have no protection whatever, nor Geoff Hayes, author Shire demolished due to methane to by of public consultation with members of problems. Publication's Coal Mining, and both are attempts being made to the Royal Mint Coin Club, visitors to preserve What can you do with it. In view of its unique the above survivors were omitted in the Mint's website and readers of Do historic ignorance from the list early redundant company housing? status and great of the Radio Tines. The coin you conserve the'nice' but atypical importance, this is a tragic situation engine houses included in my paper commemorates the centenary of a the 'Evolution Pre-Cornish Beam housing? Do you preserve which is compounded by of the Marconi's first wireless transmission or Engine House' Reviery vol. traditional colliery terrace? Who imminent danger of collapse in lA across the Atlantic from Poldhu in the oossible calls for demolition as a XXI :2, 1 999, 1 1 7-1 35. would want to live in it? In Cornwall to 5t John's. property prices public hazard. Perhaps something David Bick remote villages have Newfoundland. on I2 December can be done arouse action before fallen as low as f4000 for a terraced to 1901. Welsh artist Robert Evans house, but with the primary reason it is too late. World Heritage Site for created the winning design, which housing gone, is the community Another Carron ironworks for Blaenavon uses the theme of radio waves sustainable? atmospheric engine, of about 30 of the Blaenavon in South Wales is the following the curvature earth, Mark Sissons inches. was erected at the only site in Britain which was and highliqhts Marconi's Caprington pits in 181 1 . The tremendous impact twentieth declared a World Heritage Site by on beam engine machinery actually survives, century communications. The signal Oldest UNESC0 on 30 November last. lt is complete with the original records three dots that formed the first houses in Scotland to be hoped that this accolade will of which have been thoroughly transmission is shown moving from Collieries, do something to reverse the severe At the old Caprington examined by John Crompton. The east west, as in 1901 . decline suffered by this community to it did Ayrshire, the imposing remains of an engine has been re-erected at the (NS stands which 200 years ago boasted 416352) new museum of Scotland (see cover precariously golf most modern ironworks the in the middle of a photograph, lA News ll1. in aware, world. This award recognises its role course and is, as far as I am There is another engine house, as was one of the cradles of the the oldest engine house in Great inaccessible and long forgotten the Britain. lt was erected in 178'l , two though visible through binoculars, in nineteenth century. The best known sites open to the public include the Blaenavon ironworks and the Big Pit coal mine, but the surrounding landscape is also of great historical rmportance. The increasing number of industrial sites being selected for The winning f2 coin design to mark the World Heritage status reflects the centenary of the first Transatlantic wireless recognition of the importance message played by industrial developments Earlier this yeat on 23 January in shaping our society. Other celebrated first industrial sites in Britain already Cornwall the received at the Lizard nominated for the next round of transmission from the lsle of Wight, by which World Heritage Site status include Marconi proved the Saltaire, New Lanark and the first that curvature earth was no Derwent Valley. These have been of the hindrance to radio waves. approved by TICCIH representatives and are now going forward to lC0M05 and eventually UNESCO for Historic lock find approval. Preparations are under Workers re-lining a section of the way to put forward the complex Kennet & Avon Canal at Limpley Cornish mining landscape in the Stoke in the Avon valley, a near future. However, because of the notoriously poor section for leaks, great number of applications it has have found a 'pretty unique' 200- received, in two year's time ICOM0S year-old gate in the canal bottom. will only accept one site per country This gate was designed to lie flat on and applications will be encouraged the canal bottom, to be raised into from those countries with few sites. position to close off the section This will mean that the number o{ should there be a leak. industrial sites that England was The 1781 pumping engine house at Caprington, showing the bob wall with one of two hoping to put forward will chinneys still standing on either side of the bob opening. There were two boilers, one necessarily be spread over many inside and one out. Note the battered walls and delicate state of the structure, which years. reveals signs of later modification Photo: G. Hayes

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 9 AIA NEWS

AIA Secretary positively with its work. Howeve; accountancy qualification or David Alderton, AIA Secretary we still need help, partly to fill experience of working in banking or 48 Street, Halesworth, Suffolk As an editorial oversight, it was Quay remaining gaps, and partly because finance would be an undoubted 8EY 01986 872343. omitted from the AGM report in the lPl9 I a number of long-serving officers help but is not absolutely necessary. last issue that David Alderton was feel it is time to hand over to people re-elected as Secretary. His task is Publicity Officer: Society conferences with new ideas an fresh enthusiasm. not an easy one, and members may Role to keep the national and local The Cumbria Industrial History Please remember, the AIA can only not realise that he also stepped in at press informed of any AIA activities Society is holding two conferences function if it does have people the last moment to take over the which may be newsworthy, and to this year.0n Saturday 28 April, willing to take on the organisation of the annual exchange information with other Ambleside is the venue for the AGM responsibilities of running it. For conference at Manchester last societies and bodies with aims and a conference on textiles and some of the jobs it is not necessary Seotember. similar to or linked with ours for the clothing in Cumbria, while an to attend all Council meetings in - mutual benefit of both sides. Main autumn conference on 0ctober any case, there are normally only oualifications: interest and the (date to be announced) will be in Send it on a disk three a year. Help is needed in the ability to write fluently, needs to Carlisle. on the town's industries. For In future, it would be very desirable following ways: have access to the internet and, details, contact CIHS Bookings, if all articles or news items of any Chairman: ideally, a fax machine. Some Lindal-in- reasonable length submitted for Broombank Cottage, Michael Harrison has to retire at the experience of a similar role or of Furness LAl2 0LW. oublication in lA News are sent to 2001 Conference, his three years journalism would be an obvious The Suney Archaeology Society's the Editor on disk. This will greatly will be up. Main qualifications: advantage, but not essentia,. 'Towards reduce his workload in preparing conference a Research preferably some experience, past or Agenda for the 21st Century'at the your quarterly news bulletin. The Conference hosts: present, on Council (life would be University of Surrey, Guildford, on 2- disks will be returned ! All Conference can only continue in its very difficult if a chairman had no 3 June 200'l covers the whole span submissions are very welcome, so if present peripatetic fork if there are , experience of how Council works), of archaeology and at least three it is not possible to send a disk, I will willing and competent local some experience of committee papers industrial theme. accept an appropriate apology with organisers. The Association needs have an work, and perhaps a loud enough Details from Conference 2001, your article ! invitations from societies, groups or voice to silence some of the more individuals willing to host the Suney Archaeological Society, Castle loquacious members ! Arch, Guildford, Surrey GU'l 3SX. AN APPEAL FROM THE Conference and organise the Treasurer: programme of visits and lectures At The Wiltshire Archaeological & AIA COUNCIL Michael Messenger wishes to retire present venues are only fixed for Natural History Society is holding an Council's request last year for help at the end of 2001, and it would Cambridge this year and Scotland Industrial Archaeology Symposium and support was not without effect, obviously be helpful if a next year - there will not be a at the WharJ Theatre, Devizes, on 13 and we are most grateful to Ray replacement could be found as soon conference in 2003 unless someone October 2001. For details, please Riley, Mike Bone and David Lyne for as possible to ease the changeover. comes forward very soon. contact the Bookings Secretary, volunteering to stand for Council, Main qualifications: ability to work lf interested in any of these posts, Wiltshire Heritage Museum,4l Long and once on it, for agreeing to help comfortably with figures; an please contact me. Street, Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1NS. ATA SALES

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1O INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)LjGY NEWS 116 LETTERS

Mystery photograph Riding of Yorkshire. Our tannery was following the AIA Annual new mount. Photographs are fixed very untraditionally built on a Conference Dinner. In which case a (usually) identified! Not a to the cylinder with a hillside so that the rubbish in the suitable caption might be: special non-aggressive tape. The mystery at all? pits could be conveniently flushed 4. 'Here at Mcdonald's Tripe photograph should only be handled It is anazing what you can do with out of a plug hole in the bottom of Distributors we pride ourselves not by its edges. a large ladle. The 'Mystery the oit onto land for effluent to touch the food by hand.' Flatbed scanners are those most Photograph' published rn lA News treatment. I did 15 years' research or, 5. 'The Government moved people know about - however, the 115 has generated the following for the leather industry. swiftly to initiate its flood defence difference between the f80 or so th ree d ifferen t expl a n ation s : Alan 5. Raistrick scheme for the North.' product you can buy on the high | 0 )rchard Way, Chinnor I do hope that members will street is a far cry from the fl2,000 The mystery photo is of course only 1xfordshire 0X39 4UD take this investigation seriously and or more item that quality printers a mystery if you do not know what that you will not get any silly and bureaux use. lf the scanner is of it is. lt is a tan-scooo. I seem to In the late 1940s and early 1950s I suggestions. the high street variety, don't expect remember a picture, as usual, in worked as a trainee metallurgical John L. Townsend, to get your slides/photographs back Diderot, but cannot lay my hands on chemist at the lCl Metals Division. The Frome, Priors Frome in the same pristine condition you it at the moment. ln tanneries hides Morfa Copper Works, Hafod, Dormington, Hereford HRI 4EH handed them over in - you may be were suspended from poles in pits 7 Swansea, whose products included lucky, but don't bank on it! Slides or 8 feet deep. They were treated fire refined coppe; brasses, bronzes Photographic Advice have to be dismounted and stuck with suspensions lime or tan and other copper alloys. per of Fifg Not only does my company produce down onto the glass bed with tape. bark. When you want to clean out a cent of the copper was fire refined in Photographs just placed the AIA News,lalso actually read it! are usually pit you need some means of getting reverbatory furnaces which were With the kind permission of face down - but are then rotated on the mixture of hair and lime. or tapped every 24 hours. The tapping glass get your editor, I should like to respond the to them square. In both exhausted bark, out of the bottom was carried out by a team of eight to Robert Can's advice in issue 115. cases, this usually results in a of the pit. Hence the scoop. Some men walking around in a circle. each Obviously, I can only speak from the scratched original. tanneries realised that by making man would walk the furnace to printer's point of vieW but I have to The more costly flatbeds come your pit slightly shallower and door, dip his ladle into charge the say that his warnings are absolutely with specially made templates putting a low wall around the top and then walk around to the moulds spot on. However, care in selecting which allow slides to be scanned the poles were brought up to a more where he discharged the copper. The your printer can save an awful lot of STILL lN THEIR MOUNTS - the best convenient height daily moulds were 10 feet for the about from the heartache. protection available. Photographs handling the hides. the furnace and the small circle on men of In Many printers do not have their are also oress mounted onto background photo you can constantly pouring of the molten copper own in-house reproduction facility templateg which are automatically see such a low wall, with liquid an into the moulds ensured the metal and have to rely on 'professional' square to the scan direction and inch or so below the top. The white did not solidify in layers. bureaux to do any scanning, therefore need no undue handling. splashes on the labourers' trousers men themselves were The typesetting or film-making required So there you have it, ask the indicate in this case it was lime dressed in exactly the same way as a to produce the finished publication. right questions and, provided you yard, supported by the milky colour the two men depicted in the picture get It is therefore very worthwhile to the right answers, your priceless of the liquid in the corner of the pit. although around their and feet question the capabilities of either material should be returned to vou They should really have been ankles they wrapped layers of the printer or his bureau, especially in its original condition. wearing heavy leather leggings sacking to prevent burns from the with regard to the scanning of slides Eill Cheesnan above knees down the from their to copper that sometimes splashed and photographs. Managing Director ground and over their clogs to onto the floor. The ladles were TBC Without gettinq too technical, Print Seruices Ltd protect their trousers. identical but cannot exolain the I there are basically two types of 3c Sunrise Business Park I should add that I was brought white marks on the trousers on the scanner - drum and flatbed. Blandford. Dorset DTI | 8ST up in a family of tanners making men pictured | don't recall this on - A drum scanner is exactlv what leathers for the machinery in the our copper men. it suggests - a cylinder upon'*niJi NOTICEBOARD worsted textile industrv in the West Colin Davies the media is fixed. The rylinder then 54 Huntington Close, West Cross rotates and an electronic 'eye' Good homes wanted Swansea SA3 sAL captures the image data. This Do you need to complete your method produces exceptionally high collection of AIA publications, and Regarding the mystery photograph, quality electronlc images but the all just for the cost of post and am conflicting I torn in two cost to the original material can be packing? directions. lf this is a genuine period very high. Fixing slides to the Good homes are wanted for,4// picture then an appropriate caption cylinder is a delicate job and is Bulletins 914 (19821, 1113, 1312, might be:- usually carried out by coating the 1411, 15t2 & 4, 16t2, 17 t1-4, 18t1,2 1. Aye lad, if you've a problem with film with a special oil. Obviously, the & 4, 1911-4,2011 & 2 (1992), and your cess pit we'll get to the bottom mount has to be removed - and if I nd ustri a I A rchaeo I ogy N ews nos. 88 of it.' the bureau is worth its salt, should (Spring 1994) to 111 (Winter 1999), ot 2. 'We didn't get where we are be carried out with surgical gloves complete. lf interested, please today not knowing how to make a and tweezers - if you get your slides contact Laurence and Pamela good custard.' back with fingerprints on them, then Draper, Cnocmisan, Culbokie, even, 'Of course, your or 3. when they haven't been handled properly. Dingwall, Ross-shire lV7 8JH. father was a night soil it was man Also, professional bureaux normally all done by hand none of this new - carry spare mounts so that if the Also available is a complete run of fangled apparatus.' original mount is damaged AIA Bulletins and lA News, 1991- the other hand, may be 0n this (unavoidable with the old cardboard 2000. Please contact Graham a spoof photograph created by 'Aye lad, if you've a problen with your cess type mount), the film can be Vincent, 52 Langdon Road, Bath pit we'll get to the botton of delegates at the fancy dress dance it' returned in its original condition in a BA2 1 tS

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 115 11 NEWS

Call for electrical Afton Downs shearing trusses has revealed it to be an South Derbyshire 'inferior form' so it could date from resource centre papers shed the early days of Dorman Long steel Pottery Heritage and Arts The IEE is holding its 29th annual lA News 107 and 109 carried production at Middlesborough, Sharpes Trust have received a near flm History of Technology summer correspondence about early Dorman almost as if from the time when Heritage Lottery Grant towards weekend meeting at the UniversitY Long steel trusses in a sheeP they were changing over from iron near turning the nineteenth-centur1l of Greenwich, Chatham, on 29 June shearing shed at Afton Downs to steel. The original drawing for the Sharpes Pottery comPlex at to 1 July 2001. The historical subject Hughenden, Queensland, Australia. building has also been located, as Swadlincote, South Derbyshire, into matter will be linked with the As a follow up, we now have two well as various accounts and a resource centre. SharPes history of engineering as evinced by photographs which were taken in invoices pertaining to the shed's Pottery good was founded on the site in 1821, developments along the Thames 1952 when it was still in construction, all of which are dated lsle Grain. condition. Sadly, it is now in a such producing everything from teapots from Greenwich to the of 1 887. Unfortunately, there has been to olatters. lt diversified in the mid- Authors are invited to submit a poor condition that it could almost nothing found to explain why the 'relic'. nineteenth century to become a papers focussing on the following be classed as a A good deal of metal trusses found their way to world leader in the supply of major areas, although other topics the timber is decayed or actually such an isolated location, but it sanitary ware. The site is close to the will be considered: power generation missing and the black soil on which seems certain that the trusses were centre of Swadlincote, the buildings and distribution; electrical compo- the shed is founded moves installed in the building in 1887. are listed Grade ll and are on the At nent and equipment manufacturing; continually through the wet and dry Geoff Morton technical education; semiconductor seasons with the that the Risk'register. develooment and manufacture; structure is rather distorted. Further news from shipbuilding; cable construction and lronrcally, and to the credit of Ribblehead station laying; chemical industry; traction. An Messrs Dorman Long, the part of the Bovisa abstract of 200 words should be sent building in the best condition would At Bovisa, an industrial suburb restored (preferably via email) to the have to be the metal trusses. As outside Milan in ltaly, work is The 1 24-year-old Ribblehead Station 0rganising Chairman, Dr Colin Afton Downs has not carried sheep progressing at Bovisa has been restored to its original Hempstead, 2 Uplands Road, for over 20 years and hence the Contemporary: Museum of the condition by the Settle & Carlisle a , Co Durham DL3 7SZ, e- shed is not used now except for the Present (see lA News 1 1 3, page 12). Railway Trust. Part is to become mail: [email protected], storage of hay, and as the state of Two low-pressure gasholders form visitor centre and a heritage trail is before Friday 6 April 2001. For other the wool industry in Australia is so part of this project. planned through the construction enquiries. contact the Events depressed, it is going tc take a Gasholder number 1, of rigid work sites for the Ribblehead Department, lEE, Savoy Place, miracle to find the funds just to frame type, is the oldest and of Viaduct and Blea Moor Tunnel. London WC2R 0BL, I +44 (0)20 arrest further deterioration, let British origin, made in 1906. 7344 5732, Fax: +44 (0t'207 497 alone to conserve the building. Number 2, built alongside in 1930, British presence in 3633, e-mail: [email protected] An analvsis of the steel in the is German and larger, with a bell volume of 80,000 cubic metres. Both Brazil have guide frames. A third gasholder 'Presenqa Britdnica no Brasil' is an of spiral type was built in I953 exhibition planned to open in Sao some distance away and is not Paulo in the second half of 2001. included in the museum project. lt Infra-structure will be a key feature, will continue to be used for an Britain was the sole source of undustrial purpose. capital investing in Brazil for periods Holders 1 and 2 will be in the 1 870s to about 1 905/1 0. This converted for the museum project includes communications, ports, with the bells fixed fairly low down power plants, transport, energy and in their guide frames and the gas, railways, mining and sources of volume enclosed by the bells will be financing. There are also cultural utilised for exhibition space. This and social aspects. Anyone who scheme should give developers in might comment on finding material The Afton Downs sheep shearing or wool shed photographed in I 952 Britain some ideas as to what might or have constructive suggestions is be done with our own threatened asked to contact Ray Krinker, Caixa and much more historic aasholders. Postal 1978, S5o Paulo 01059-970. The first of the Bovisa gasholders was not built until after the St Walking dragline Pancras gasworks had closed. preserved Redevelooment schemes ambitious project aims to involving the re-use of gasholders An preserve giant walking dragline seem quite numerous on the a weighing 1200 tonnes at the 5t European mainland (eg Vienna, Aidan's opencast site near Leeds. Florence and the Ruhd and there is Affectionately known as'Oddball', it one at Brisbane in Australia. Here in was made ln 1946 by Bucyrus Erie at the U K we demolish gasholders - USA, and was perhaps because they are too South Milwaukee, brought first to South Wales by the common. National Coal Board in 1954. lt Robert Carr finally came to 5t Aidan's in 1914 and worked here until the River Aire burst into the workings in 1 988. RJB

lnterior of the Afton Downs shearinq shed, in 1 952, with a view of some of the roof trusses Mining have given it to the 5t

12 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 115 NEWS

Aidan's Trust, who have repaired it region of the National Trust has and walked it to the edge of the site decided to undertake limited near Allerton Bywater. consolidation measures in rne near DORO,,,--![HEA Leeds is the home of future. mechanised opencast coal working The tramway bridge will be the in England, and one early site in first structure to receive remedial RESTORATIONS 1942 was in Temple Newsam Park, action. There is a delicate balance to now a running track. The father of be maintained between LTT) British coal opencasting or'sunshine consolidating the archaeology, mining' was Alfred Braithwaite MP, respecting the interests of English Incorporating Ernest Hole (Engineers) of Sussex who in 1941 persuaded the Nature (the site is an 5S5l) and safe government that wartime coal access for visitors, CONTRACTORSAND CONSULTANTS production could be boosted by IN THE C O N S E RVAT I O N OF HI O R opencast methods with fewer men. Railway works STORIC M ETALW K, Huge areas of the Aire valley have MACHINERY AND WINDIWATER MILLS commended been transformed by using many Two railway sites have been different draglines between Cross Recent contracts include designs for an atmospheric commended in the restoration Green and Great Preston. ln the railway, and a replica , restoration of category of the Stone Federation of process large areas of dereliction l8C lead sculptures, repair and gilding of the Albert have been cleared, Great Britain's Millennium Natural Memorial bronze decoration, conservation work on Details of open days and how to Stone Awards. 0n the Ouse Valley Viaduct near Haywards Heath, West , Lion, and Locomotion, and even join the Friends of St Aidan's BEl 1 50 the restoration of Dragline (and the Vintage Excavator Sussex, traditional building an hydraulic catafalque! Trust) can be found on the website materials and technioues were www.iarecordings.org/dragline/ used, including natural limestone or Over 100 man years masonry France, clay experierrce contact the Secretary, Dr lvor J. from Brown,95 Manygates Lane, Sandal, brickwork, lime-gauged mortar and lead flashing. English Heritage and Wakefield WF2 7DL. Northern Works: New Road, Whaley Bridgc, via Stockpolt, the Railway Heritage Trust had Chcshirc SK23 7JC Contact: Dave Hodgson insisted that Railtrack adoot a more Lime-yards Tcl: (01663)733-5'1.1 Fax: (01663) 73452 I conservationist approach to the Readers of lndustrial Archaeology '150-year-old viaduct. The judges Review (uol.XlY, no.2, 1992, 145- Southern Works: Riverside Business Park, St Annes Road, commented that natural stone was 176) will remember the important St. Anncs Park, Bristol, BS4 4ED. Conlact; Ccol'l'Wallis the correct choice, for the collection of limekilns on the Calke Tel: (01 1119115331 Fax: (01 11\9111611 restoration could have been marred Abbey estate belonging the to by the introduction of man-made National Trust, some of which were materials. Also commended was the excavated members of Surrey conservation history of Whitehaven, a fishing by restoration of Bristol Temole Meads Leicestershire Industrial History community first mentioned in the Station. where the Bath Stone award Society. The kilns and their thirteenth century when it supplied Group undertook the restoration The 1 8th annual Conservation associated waggonway have Edward l's army in Scotland. From and conservation of all stonework to Award of the Surrey Industrial continued to deteriorate over the 1630, John Lowther set about the front and clock tower. The work History Group was presented on 30 last decade and Gilbert's yard was expanding the town and also involved dismantling and September 2000 to .i.D. severely damaged by falling trees. encouraged merchants here. The renewing 41 terracotta chimney Weatherspoon plc and Tuffin, The Calke Abbey estate staff have port quickly began importing pots each 1.8m high. Ferraby & Taylor, architects and undertaken a great deal of clearance products from the Americas such as surveyors, Jor the conservation and recentlv and the East Midlands rum, sugar and tobacco, and started restoration work carried out on the to export coal to Dublin. However, Rodboro Buildings in the centre of poor roads and the lack of an inland Guildford. The ground and first market meant that all oroducts had floors have been converted into a to be re-shipped from the port. With public house for J.D. Weatherspoon, such limitations, the merchants quit and the top floor has recently been to other ports such as Liverpool and occupied by the Academy of Glasgow. One characteristic of the Contemporary Music. The buiidings town is the lack of warehouses were built for Dennis Bros Ltd in around the harbour. Instead, most about 1 903 as the first purpose-built merchants had their warehouses car factory in the country, and the attached to their houses throughout conversion has retained an the town. 'industrial' atmosohere and The next speaker concentrated incorporated pictures and artefacts on coal mining around Whitehaven, as a reminder of their original use. which probably began around I 500. The early workings were day levels Conference at St Bees or Bear mouths driven directly into A successful conference organised the hillside on the coal seam. The just Discussing the problens ofconsolidation at the National Trust's Calke Abbey are pictured by the Cumbria Industrial History system of using levels soon (left to right) Bill Rowe, the estate managet Marilyn Palmer, Peter Neaverson, Mark Society was held in the autumn at St became inefficient. due to the seams Newmary the area archaeologist, and Mark Priddle fron the East Midlands Regional office Bees. Jean Ward spoke on the dipping at a gradient of 1:10, and

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 13 NEWS shafts were sunk from the cliff top. LHP Wapping steam days tall Babcock boilers had National Fishing Heritage Centre hand been in use so it was decided the and the trawler Ross Tiger. Initially the coal was raised by The former London Hydraulic Power would be quite strong enough Bookings and details from N.R. windlasses and then lowered down Company's pumping station at floor to take the required load of ice. lf Wright, 32 Yarborough Road, the cliff to the harbour. Drainage Wapping has been used as an arts was also problem until John there is puzzlement as to whY the Lincoln LNI IHS, or the address on a venue since 1 993. Readers maY ice mass was constructed at all try the Diary page. Lowther brought a Newcomen remember Anya Gallaccio's answering the question'why did the engine to the area. Methane was installation 'lntensities and a big problem leading to many ancient Egyptians build the also Surfaces', a great stack of more than Milestone Society disasters due to explosions and pyramids?'. 500 ice blocks exhibited there in Such is the interest shown in fires. Mr Spedding invented his More recently, at LHP Wapping 1996. The Wapping Project ,as the milestones that a new society called spark mill which helped reduce the until just before Christmas 2000, venue is now known, is run as an The Milestone Society was proposed incidence of exolosions. 'Conductor' by Jane Prophet, was an arts centre by the Women's at a conference held last October at The third soeaker was Colin art installation consisting of 120 Playhouse Trust. Refurbishment of the Black Country 0pen Air McCourt from the Haig Pit Minlng place lengths of electro-luminiscent cable the interior has taken with Museum, Dudley. There will be a Museum. He outlined the pit's suspended vertically above the floor some original features of the engine further meeting in April 2001 when history and explained what had of the former boiler house. As part of and turbine houses being retained. a steering committee will report happened at the site since the NCB the installation the floor had been A new bar and restaurant have been back on details of membership, etc. closed it and the trust took over. flooded and the artwork produced a built in a 'sympathetic' style using The conference also saw the launch After lunch, conference delegates greenish glow. A reviewer in the steel, slate and glass. Funding for of a new book on the history of drove up the hill to the site of Haig Royal Academy Magazine remarks the new work has been generated English milestones by Carol Haines. Pit for a working demonstration of that the imoressive ambience of the by building housing at the back of Marking the Miles is available for the No.4 winding engine, to see the pumping station building competes the site. f 12.00 incl. P+P from C.W. Haines, 2 unrestored No.5 engine and to view powerfully with any art displayed Although perhaps Shakespeare Way, Taverham, there. Haven't we heard something other coal mining related sites along disconcerting, the meeting in 1996 about another art venue Norwich NR8 65H. the cliffs on this side of Whitehaven. at Wapping between industrial similar further uostream on the other side Returning to St Bees, Mr archaeology (in the shape of a party of the river? Thompson gave the last lecture on of GLIAS members) and vanguard Robert Can the Marchon Chemical Works. These art was memorable. The event had were started by a Mr Schon, a industrial archaeological prior refugee from Europe to WW2. connotations. After all, the principle Fish and ships He had a background in detergent of the ice house which had The 61st EMIAC conference aI manufacturing and originally previously been a subject of interest on 19 May will cover started making fire lighters in was for some GLIAS members aspects of the growth and decline of London's East End. After being actually being demonstrated. Even this commercial fishing port. bombed out he moved to Cumbria the moderate mass of ice assembled Although fishing has been carried and eventually to the present site. at Wapping lasted a long time and on since time immemorial it was Explanations were given on the that was with assisted melting. probably the opening of the No.1 chemical processes for producing Scientific and engineering Fish Dock in 1856 and its attendant different forms of detergent and considerations enter the creation of railway which helped propel how the works developed to cope such works of art. The opinion of a Grimsby to its pre-eminent position with changes in world trade and GLIAS member had been sought as Britain's, indeed the world's, demand for them. regarding the loading the boiler premier fishing port. The conference Graham Brooks Milestone near Wareham, Dorset house's floor might withstand. In includes a visit to the docks, the Photo: Peter Stanier

''%, 4IArs- n*, ASSOCIATION FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY ANNOUNCING THE THREE FIELDWORK AND RECORDING AWARDS FOR 2OOI

The AIA Fieldwork Award scheme exists to encourage recording of the physical remains of the industrial period to high archaeological standards. The awards are open to both amateur and professional field workers, and have been operating successfully for many years. Work submitted may already have been published or, if not, may be encouraged to publish. As well as the main award there is also the Initiative Award for innovative projects, e.g. those from local societies; and to encourage the future industrial archaeologists, a Student Category.

THE CLOSING DATE FOR ENTRIES IS 1ST MAY 2OO1

Successful Entries will be notified in July The successful authors will be invited to attend the AIA annual conference in Cambridge to collect their awards in August 2001

Enquiries for further details should be sent to: Dr Victoria Beauchamp,3 Parsonage Court, Walkley, Sheffield 56 sBU

14 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 Yorkshire and The Heritage Lottery Fund is Humberside giving over fl80,000 for the 1873 Hoffman lime kiln, the largest and World Heritage Site status has been best preserved in England at Craven nominated for the Saltaire Mill Lime Works, Langcliffe, near Settle. complex and model village near Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet, Bradford, as reported on page 9. At Sheffield, has obtaineo over Rotherham, the MAGNA visitor f300,000 for badly needed repairs attraction in the former to its dam, waterwheels and Templeborough melting shop (built g@6@,7 buildings, and the City Council is in 191 7 and rebuilt as the world's funding repairs to the dam at biggest electric arc melting shop in Engineering Shepherd Wheel. English Heritage is Restoration and Heritage Consultants 1960-65) is due to open in April. lt is giving 80% funding for a further designed around the themes of Restoration and conservation of rolling stock, wind & feasibility study about restoration Earth, Water, Air and Fire with some watermills, engines, cast iron work, bandstands, and interpretation of the 1 795 references to steelmaking, but it is lighthouses. Newcomen atmospheric engine at Restoration and contemporary anxious not to be seen as a steel Elsecar near Barnsley. hydropower. Engineering displays. Museum collection museum. In Sheffield, the formerly Work for reopening the moves. Feasibility studies. Recording and water powered Low Matlock Rolling Huddersfield Narrow canal is due to Conservation Plans. All work undenaken in-house by Mill (Listed ll*) seems likely to be completed in May. lt includes the our experienced 2o-strong team UK and worldwide. return to industrial use but an area restoration of Standedge Tunnel, around the waterwheel may be Britain's longest canal tunnel, where Recent projects include: 20 T timber lock gates for given to a trust to permit restoration the roof and shaft bases were being British Waterways; restoration and rebuild of 1786 and viewing. The John Watts cutlery stabilised in the autumn. Two short Boulton & Watt engine for National Museums of works in Lambert Street near the new cut-and-cover tunnels have Scotland; interactive engine room diorama for Scottish city centre, a historic complex of old been built under mills in Maritime Museum; restoration of electric loco E4 for workshops and courts now used to Huddersfield. 0wnership of the Tyne make abrasive wheel dressers, & Wear Museums. Rochdale Canal from Sowerby industrial cutters, corkscrews ano Bridge to Manchester has been Preserving our Industrial Heritage Presto Egg-Toppers, has new owners transferred to the Waterways Trust, for future generations who are interested in using it as a and the remaining restoration, on working heritage centre. the Manchester side of the 22-24 Carmyle Avenue, Foxley, Glasgow G32 8HJ The historic buildings of the Pennines, is due for completion in National Coal Mining Museum for Tel: (0141) 763 0007 Fax: (0141) 763 0583 June 2002. England Caphouse Colliery, E mail: [email protected] at A major archaeological Wakefield, will be repaired with evaluation is being done at the site f4.44m Irom the National Heritage of Matthew Murray's Round wheel built in the eighteenth been demolished and the site is Lottery Fund and partnership Foundry in Leeds, one of the most century close to the Town Mill. likely to be used for housing. funding from English Heritage, important engineering works of the Discussion continues over the fate Designed as a double mill powered Yorkshire Forward, RJB Mining and early nineteenth century. Trial of the remains of late eighteenth from a central engine house, only National Power, There will be a new trenching has confirmed the survival century cementation (steel) one half was built. Planned building for collections, a new of archaeological deposits from the furnaces, including one of previously development near the River Don in library and purpose built foundry in the area where unrecorded type, found in the earlier Rotherham threatens the sites of the edcuational facilities. The displays, development is planned. Further excavations here. Walkers' eighteenth-century Holmes currently mainly about Yorkshire, work by ARCUS on the Millsands Mons Mill, Todmorden, a seven- and Masbrough iron works, will be replaced to cover mining site in Sheffield has revealed storey steam-powered fireproof including the surviving Cupola throughout England. remains of the cutlery grinding cotton spinning mill of 1907-1 1, has Works at Masbrough, and the listed

Abbeydale lndustrial Hanlet, a view from the dam with the forge waterwheel's pentrough Repairs need to be done at Abbeydale lndustrial Hanlet, for exanple to this waterwheel in the foreground Photo: Sheffield lndustrial Museums Trust Photo' Sheffield lndustrial Museums frust

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 115 15 museum front is a very '1857 works of Guest and Chrimes Cement in Banington, with lectures Caley's chocolate factory the oldest news on the which has (Edward Chrimes was the inventor on the local industrial archaeology parts dating from the 1 890s. Also substantial donation funded the creation Ransome's of the modern screw-down brass and the history of the site, followed under threat in Norwich is the bus of Museum of East tap). The next stage of Sheffield's after lunch by tours of the site, station and garage, which had the gallery at the will be Inner Ring Road threatens the believed to be the last in England biggest clear floor area in England Anglian Life, Stowmarket. lt a wooden structure, and impressive 660-yard 1849 Wicker using a rail system to carry chalk when it was constructed in 1934. housed in time for the railway viaduct across the Don from the quarry to the works. For The Norfolk Mills Trust continues its should be open in co- EERIAC meeting to be held at the valley; two or three arches would be those who like the idea of this, a sterling work and has, in in June. demolished for a slip road. A new visit is likely to be one of the options operation with the Norfolk Historic museum David Alderton Porter Brook conservation area in on the programme for the Buildings Trust and with help from Sheffield includes the unlisted and Cambridge Conference next August. Lottery money, restored Denver Mill threatened buildings of ward's Elsewhere in Cambridgeshire, to working order and created an West Midlands Sheaf Brewery and the area Cheddars Lane Museum had no luck adjacent education centre. The fire- Industry in the Stoke-on-Trent area uostream to Shanow Snuff Mill. The in a Lottery bid which would have damaged Ditchingham malting continues to decline. Whilst the seventeenth-century Bolsterstone involved amalgamation with the buildings referred to last year are pottery industry itself is still a Glass Works at Stocksbridge, scene folk museum on the Cheddars Lane still standing, with the walls looking significant local emploYer, the of an important excavation by Denis site. What it did acquire were parts solid despite the loss of the roof. lts numbers of workers engaged in it is Ashurst, has been put on English of the structure of the recentlY use and reinforcement as a US steadily falling. Earlier this year, Heritage's Buildings at Risk register; demolished gasholders from the Airforce store in WW2 may exPlain Shelton Steelworks - the last one in plans for a local history centre seem next door site, rather whether it this. the area, where Earl Granville to have stalled and there ts a wanted them or not. Perhaps more In the west of the county, the started manufacturing steel from proposal to use it as a glass studio. welcome news is that although the factory at West Newton, built about 1888 - was finally closed Highbury Works Tannery, cast-iron bridge be Headley & with encouragement from the down by Corus (successor to British Meanwood, Leeds, has been Edwards at Somersham had to be Sandringham estate to process flax Steel). More recent industries are converted to luxury flats with a renewed to meet EEC weight limits, for wartime needs, is to be also under threat, as it has been 'heritage centre' explaining the the outer cast-iron plates were demolished. Also to go is the announced that tyre manulacture is site's history. This goes back to a retained to oreserve much of the waterproof cement works of Kerner to cease at the Michelin factorY in thirteenth-century water corn mill appearance, Greenwood at King's Lynn. A very the near future, with the loss of a for Kirkstall Abbey. In the nineteenth There is much more concern sad industrial loss is the closure in significant number of jobs. century as Wood Mills, it became about the Great Eastern tanning December 2000 of the last working Coal mining, of course, is floor maltings in East Englia, at East one of the largest tanneries in the shed at Sawston, listed, but falling already a thing of the Past in North country, covering five acres. A into decay. The problem is very Dereham. The listed buildings may Staffordshire, though English or photographic record showing the typical: the firm does not need the well be converted to housing Heritage is continuing to seek vlable tanning processes has been given to building, and both its design and its offices. Also closed is the relatively uses for the mothballed Chatterley Leeds Archives, and a wheel and location in the middle of a working modern Thermos factory in Thetford, Whitfield site following its failure as which used to make its own glass. turbine pit has been recorded. Soil tannery make adaptive re-use an industrial museum some Years Hill pottery north of Halifax, has virtually impossible. lf it is to be In Suffolk, Claydon cement ago. Local residents, local been converted to housing, the preserved at all, relocation of the works has been demolished. The authorities and other interested eighteenth-century Beehive and structure to a museum site could be fire-damaged Paul's Maltings by organisations have been involved in Linen Warehouses in central the only option, but the expense lpswich Quay still partially stand, consultation exercises during 2000 Barnsley are being restored for would be very great even if a site with the iron framing very clearly to see what viable suggestions leisure and retail uses, and Borough could be found. A proper seen. The BX celluloid works at might be forthcoming. lt apPears partiallY Mews, a large stable block in professional survey prior to Brantham have been likely that a 'mixture of sympathetic Sheffield for more than 200 horses, demolition might be the only demolished, but a number of the uses' for the numerous buildings gable is being turned into 43 loft-style realistic ootion. specialist buildings, with high will be the eventual outcome. aoartments. Sheffield is to have its In Essex, the County Planning ends to direct blasts and flames Down the road in first brand new 'warehouse style' Section continues its good work. The upward, remain. lt is not known if Wolverhampton, they have their apartments, following Leeds and thematic survey of public water celluloid is still made there. Good own worries about the future of a (many years since) London's supply has been published, and Docklands. And in a further tribute further surveys on the textile to the re-use of industrial buildings, industry and brick and tile works are a customer of Gripple Ltd has built a ongoing. Records have been made replica of their Old West Gun Works, of the maltings at Thorpe-le-Soken Sheffield, in Randfontein, South and the Railway Maltings at Africa. The original was built in Braintree. The section has also 1863-4 as a gun shop for Firths and started looking at Victorian farm was imaginatively refurbished in the buildings. Conversion to housing early 1990s for Gripple. has started at Mistley No.1 Malting, Derek Bayliss and David Cant and reputedly is reasonably sensitive. East Anglia There is still concern in Norfolk over the future of the Colman's site Although there have been no major in Carrow Road, Norwich, even disasters, like all areas there is a though most buildings are listed. steady erosion of surviving However, these are solid brick industrial sites and activities. Firstly, structures and adaptive re-use looks thought, the 1Oth EERIAC was held feasible. What certainly will go is Whitfield coal mine site in October 2000 Photo: Lesley Simmons successfully at the works of Rugby The Chanerley

15 INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 REGIONA NEWS

(Goodyead job tyre factory where havoc at the lronbridge Gorge Pedestrian access is about to be the colliery winding engine from losses seem to be a regular Museum, where considerable improved too, with an extension of Westthorpe Colliery, which lies in occurrence. A bigger bolt out of the damage has been done in the the station footbridge to a new the open as a collection of bits. This blue was the announcement that Museum of the Gorge, in the main station entrance right opposite the has been 'donated' by North East Chubb's, the manufacturers of safes, offices in lronbridge itself, and at Grade llisted clock tower and Derbyshire District Council, who will be closing, thus ending a Coalport, where several displays will locomotive roundhouse. Desoite this have been wanting for years to get tradition going back some 180 have to be completely re-built. Just there is still no concrete proposal for rid of it, to allow them to clear the years. The red brick Chubb Building to compound things, blocked how to re-use the loco works colliery site. Banow Hill village is seen from the railway station - now culverts and flash floods also buildings, after two major schemes also worth a look at by any passing used for other purposes - will be a brought water into the Museum of have fallen through in the last five industrial archaeologist, with some poignant reminder of this seemingly iron in Coalbrookdale on at least years, and Derby City Council are interesting mid-nineteenth century permanent connection between the three occasions and into the now running a competition to cluster houses built by the firm and the town for many years to Tollhouse on the lron Bridge twice. encourage developers to come up ironmaster George Barrow, and later c0me. John Powell with ideas. rows of cottages built by the Shrewsbury has been heartened In contrast, Derbyshire's other . East Midlands by new plans and promises of railway roundhouse, at Barrow Hill Elsewhere in the north of money for the world's first iron- The following news is reported from near Chesterf ield, is going from Derbyshire, there is good news from framed building at Ditherington, Derbyshire. The future of the original strength to strength. This one dates two sites relating to the coal 'l though sceptics will be thinking lust 1840 buildings at Derby Locomotive from 870, and remained in use as a industry. The 'Seldom Seen' engine how many plans have come and Works remains uncertain. The area diesel depot by British Rail until house at Plumbley Colliery in the around gone in the past, and are adopting the buildings, now known as 1 991. A local group then persuaded Moss Valley near Eckington has 'Pride an'l'll believe it when lsee it' Park' has been transformed Chesterfield Borough Council and been crumbling away for many approach. Much media coverage dramatically over the last few years. English Heritage that the building years, with increasingly worrying years 'island' has been given to the plight of the For 150 the site was an was worthy of listing and large holes in the walls. As a result town during the floods of autumn cut off from the town centre by restoration using European Union of Derbyshire Archaeological Society 2000, which has led to a number of railway lines and the River Derwent, grants for former coalfield areas. The recording of the site on lRlS forms, comical suggestions from locals as with road access via a very low Barrow Hill Engine Shed Society and bringing it to the attention of to how the problem might be bridge. All that has changed in took possession of the restored English Heritage's Monuments alleviated in future. Digging a large recent years, with two new roads building in 1998, and it is now a Protection Programme (MPP) the lake north of Shrewsbury to catch all into the site now built and a third popular base for a large number of colliery site has been scheduled, and the water on its way downstream under construction. The area is now preserved . These are this has spurred Derbyshire County has been one suggestion; dredging a modern edge of town industrial mainly diesels and electrics, but Council into using landfill tax credit the river to make it much deeper has zone, with a range of business and there is a gala weekend with visiting money to stabilise the engine house been anotherl Further downstream, retail buildings and a new football steam locomotives every July. structure. The MPP has also the same floods have wreaked stadium for Derby County. A less happy scene on the site is confirmed the national significance of the range of 48 coke ovens at the Summerley Colliery between REGIONAL CORRESPONDENTS Dronfield and Unstone. The site is badly overgrown, with tree growth Please support your Regional Correspondent by sending relevant material which may be of interest to our readers. damaging the structure. English Heritage is about to commission a Region 1: SCOTLAND Region 6: WALES Region 11: HOME COUNTIES feasibility study to examine options Dr Miles 0glethorpe, Royal Commission Stephen Grenter; 1 6 Ffordd Trem-y-Foel, 0xfordshire, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, for future ownership and on the Ancient and Historical Parc Bryn Coch, Mold, Clwyd CH7 1NG Buck ing hamsh ire a nd Hertfordsh i re conservation of the site. Monuments of Scotland, John Sinclair Region 7:WEST MIDLANDS Phil Monis, 71 Van Diemans Road, House, 16 Bernard Terrace, Edinburgh Stanford in the Vale, These three sites in the north of Shropshire, Staffordshrre, West Oxon. SN7 BHW EH8 gNX Derbvshire feature in the latest Midlands. Warwickshire. Hereford and Region 12: SOUTH EAST votume of Derbyshire Region 2: IRELAND Worcester ENGLAND Archaeological Society's series of Michael Coulter, Department of John Powell, lronbridge Gorge Museum Hampshire and lsle of Wight, Surrey, pocket size industrial archaeology Environment, Historic Monuments and Trust, The Wharfage, lronbridge, Telford, Sussex and Kent gazetteers. This covers the three Buildings, 5-33 Hill Street, Belfast 1 Shropshire TF8 7AW Chris Shepheard, Rose Cottage, 22 local authority districts of Region 3: NORTHERN ENGLAND Region 8: EAST MIDLANDS Ridgeway Hill Road, Farnham, Surrey Chesterfield, Bolsover and North- Cunbi4 Northumberland, fyne and Derbyshire, Nottinghansh ire, GU9 BLS East Derbyshire, and is available for Wear, Durham and Cleveland Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Region 13:WEST OF ENGLAND f3.00 plus 50p postage packing Fred Brook, Hartland, Redburn, Northamptonshire Somerset, Avon, Gloucestershire, & Hexham, Northumberland NE47 7EA David Lyne, 10 Somerville Road, Wiltshire and Dorset from Dudley Fowkes at 2 Mill Close Swanwick, Derbyshire Region 4: Y0RKSHIRE AND Leicester LE3 2ET Mike Bone, 5unnyside, Avon Close, DE55 1AX. HUMBERSIDE Region 9: EAST ANGLIA Keynsham, Bristol BS18'l LQ lan Mitchell North, South and West Yorkshire and Canbridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Region 14: SOUTH WEST Humberside Essex ENGLAND Derek Bayliss,30 Muskoka Avenue, David Alderton, 48 Quay Street, Devon and Cornwall Bents Green, Sheffield S1 1 7RL Halesworth, Suffolk lP19 8EY VACANT Region 5: NORTH WEST Region 10: GREATER LONDON Letters and notices ENGLAND Dr R.J.M. (arr, 127 Queen's Drive, for publication in Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater London N4 2BB AIA News are Manchester and Cheshire Mrs Edwina Alcock, 1 Elsworth Close, welcOmed Formby, Merseyside 137 2YS

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 17 PUBLICATIONS

Local Society and other periodicals received Dangerous Energy: The archaeology of gunpowder and military explosives manufacture, byWayne D. Cocroft (Swindon: English Heritage, Abstracts will appear in lndustrial Archaeology Review. 2000),320 pp, 382 illus. |SBN 1 85074 718 0. f45'00. This book provides a framework for the identification, interpretation, Archaeology in Wales,39, 1999 and conservation of the remains of the military explosives industry. lt BW Monthly, September, October & November 2000 describes key state or private sites, often cloaked in secrecy, and places them Brewery History,98,99 & 100, Millennium, Spring & Summer 2000 in their historical contexts and chronological frameworks. lt includes the Brewery History Newsletter, 19 & 20, March & November 2000 results of the former RCHME's survey of the Royal Gunpowder Factory at GLIAS Newsletter, 190, October 2000 Waltham Abbey, Essex. The development of gunpowder manufacture from Greenwich tndustrial History, 3/2-5, May, July, September; November the Middle Ages to its effective demise after World War I is examined in 2000 detail. lndustrial Heritage, 26/2, 5ummer 2000 Lancashire History Quarterly,4/1-3, March, June & September 2000 Furness lron, ed. by Mark Bowden (Swindon: English Heritage, 2000)' 90 Manchester Region lndustrial Archaeology Society Newsletter, 93, pp, 64 illus. |SBN 1 873592 47 7.f9.95. November 2000 This book presents the results of a survey carried out in 1994-97 by Journal of the Nortolk lndustrial Archaeology Society,615,2000 RCHME of the physical remains of the iron industry and related woodland PHEW Newsletter, 87, September 2000 industries of Furness and southern Lakeland. Scottish lndustrial Heritage Society Bulletin,14 & 15, September & December 2000 Grand ideas for the nations' heritage, by Marcus Binney & Richard Scottish lndustrial History, 1 9, 1 999 Pollard (SAVE, 2000), 32 pp, illus. ISBN 0 905978 36 6. Society for lndustrial Archeology Newsletter (USA), 2912 & 3-4, An estimated 1 0,000 historic buildings across the UK, capable of re-use, Summer & Fall 2000 are at risk from neglect or decay. To mark its 25th anniversary SAVE have Subterranean Britannica Bulletin, 31, Winter 2000 suggested 25 measures that will speed up the process of rescue and Suffolk lndustrial Archaeology Society Newsletter, 71 , November 2000 prevention of further decay and so help save thousands of buildings' Sussex lndustrial Archaeology Society Newsletter, 108, October 2000 TICCIH Bulletin,9, Summer 2000 The Great Kanawha Navigation, by Emory L. Kemp (University of Trevithick Trust News Letter, 19,0ctober 2000 Pittsburgh Press,2000), 160 pp, illus. lSBN 0 8229 4112 0. $45.00. Yorkshire History Quarterly,514,6ll-2, May, August & November 2000 The vision of a central waterway in the USA connecting tidewater Virginia with the Ohio River to rival the Erie Canal persisted for decades Books Received during the nineteenth century; it was never fully implemented' The Great The following books have been received for review in lndustrial Archaeology Kanawha Navigation became a successful regional waterway and the Review. author has compiled a history of the scheme and describes the industrial (Cardiff: Benjamin Outram, 1764-1805, by R.B. Schofield Merton Priory archaeology of the system. Press, 2000), 352 pp, 56 illus. |SBN 1 898937 42 7. f27 .00 inc. p+p from 67 Merthyr Road, Whitchurch, Cardiff CFl4 1 DD. fhe History and Development of Colliery Ventilation, by Alan Hill Benjamin Outram, one of the most remarkable civil engineers of the (Matlock Bath: Peak District Mines Historical Society,2000),216 pp, 120 canal '13.50 early Industrial Revolution, was responsible for the building of several illus. lSBN 0 904334 19 8. f inc p+p until 28 February 2001 (afterwards systems. He also developed an improved system of horse-drawn railways f1 8.15), from the author,32 Sir Richards Drive, Harborne, Birmingham B'l 7 Butterley and established a coal and iron company at Butterley which, as 8TP. Engineering, continues in business on its original site. This book, based on This book is the result of some ten years research and is a thorough company, canal and railway records throws new light on the organisation of historical account of colliery ventilation in Britain. lt covers 36 types of fan the civil engineering profession. and modes of ventilation and is referenced throughout. Over 3,000 ventilators at more than 1,100 collieries are listed. Catalogue of Plans of Proposed Canals, Turnpike Roads, Railways and other Public Works ...in Northamptonshire Record Office, lhe tndustrial Archaeology of Cork City and its environs, by Colin Riden (Northamptonshire Record Office, 2000), 96 pp. compiled by Philip Rynne (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1 999), xiii + 325 pp, 1 34 illus. |SBN 1 898937 43 5. f9.95. |SBN 0 7076 5795 X. This useful book describes nearly 400 sets of documents deposited This book represents the results of a survey carried out of over 650 parishes (not between 1792 and 1992 and lists all the merely those in industrial archaeological sites. lt is the first detailed survey of any lrish city Northamptonshire) through which each scheme was to pass. A and also the first comprehensive, industry by industry survey of any region comprehensive index makes it possible to locate every scheme, abortive or in the lrish Republic or the six counties. successful, which passed through any parish in the county and thus makes the use of these important sources much easier than in the past. Marking the Miles: a history of English Milestones, by Carol Haines (Norwich:Author,2000), 188 pp,63 illus. |SBN 0 9538885 0 9. fl2.00, available from the author, 2 Shakespeare Way, Taverham, Norwich NR8 6SH. THE BOOK HOUSE This book is the first in-depth study of milestones to be published. lt The leading industrial archaeology booksellers since 1963 - charts the history of the erection of milestones from Roman times to the books on all aspects of technology & transport present day. Over 400 examples are included in the book. Lrsrs rssuro - Fnr,r, SEARcH SERVICE Metal Mining in Canada, 1840-1950, by Jeremy Mouat (0ttawa: Official stockists for Newcomen Society Transactions National Museum of Science and Technology, 2000), 1 25 pp, 51 illus. The Book House, Ravenstonedale. lsBN 0 660 17987 3. Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria CA17 4NQ Mineral resources are a big part of Canada and are one of the main Tel: 0 I 5396-23 634 Fax: 015396-23434 factors in the economic and industrial evolution of the country. This book e -mail : mail@the bookhouse.co.uk studies the historical aspects and the technologies used in the processing of Open daily except Sunday & Tuesday: 9am-5pm gold, silver, copper; nickel, lead and zinc. or visit our bookstall at many IA conferences

18 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 Mining in Cornwall Volume first English river to be made navigable by pound locks. However, the Upper Three: Penwith and South Avon, from Stratford to Evesham, fell into disrepair during the nineteenth Kenier, compiled by L. J. Bullen century although ed on the LowerAvon toTewkesbury. (Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2000), By 1945 much of derelict, but was to be saved by the pp, 128 illus. ISBN 0 7524 1759 2. Lower Avon Navig of which is related here by the author f9.99. who began work an engineer in 1952. The massive This'lmages of England' volume programme of fund-raising, publicity and hard physical work was the first covers much of Cornwall's far west. project of its kind ever attempted. which was the second largest tin producer after the Camborne/ The Victorian Engineer, by Adrian Jarvis (princes Risborough: Shire Redruth/St Day district. Many of the Publications, 2000),32 pp, illus. ISBN 0 7478 0471 0. f3.50. photographs are published for the Album 353 in the Shire series, this book investigates the roles of the first time and include the better great engineers and how they related to their subordinates. Some lesser- known mines as well as fascinating known heroes are included, such as Jesse Hartley, the first full-time salaried views of smaller trials. Explosives dock engineer or Robert Rawlinson, the first government-employed sanitary and generating industries at Hayle en0lneer. are also shown. The Victorian Railway Worker,by gth The | century industrial archaeology of Stockton-on-Tees, by Peter Trevor May (Princes Risborough: Rowe (Hartlepool: Tees Archaeology, 1 999), 1 1 8 pp, 47 illus, f5.00. Shire,2000),32 pp, illus. ISBN 07478 This survey aimed to record the early industries and their infrastructure 0451 6. f3.50. using the 1857 and 1895 Ordnance Survey maps of the district and to lhis book studies the people indicate where nineteenth-century industrial features survive and provide an who ran the railways - as well as assessment of their condition. those who built them. Railways quickly became one of the largest The River lrent Navigatio4 compiled by Mike Taylor (Stroud: Tempus employers in the country, also Publishing, 2000), 128 pp, illus. lSBN 0 7524 1743 6. f9.99. employing seamen, horsemen for For many years the Trent Navigation was an essential part of road vehicles, and many women Nottinghamshire's main link with London, by water via Hull. This 'lmages of workers behind the scenes. sucn as England' photographic record gives an impressive account of activities on telegraphists, clerks and those who this important waterway and its associated canals by sea-going and inland worked in the laundry and catering watenruays craft. services. Shire Album 351.

The 9ir William Arrol Collection: A Guide to the lnternational Vintage Ports or Deserted Dockyards: differing futures for naval Material held in the National Monuments Record in Scotland, heritage across Europe by Celia Clark (Bristol: University of the West of compiled by Miriam McDonald and Miles Oglethorpe (Edinburgh: RCAHMS, England,2000),116 pp,15 illus. ISBN 1 86043 281 6. f8.00 from Julie 2000),96 pp,98 illus.ISBN 1 902419 227.f8.00 (UK)or fl0 (Overseas)inc. Triggle, Faculty of the Built Environment, UWE, Frenchay Campus, p+p from RCAHMS, John Sinclair House, 16 Bernard Terrace, Edinburgh EH8 Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BSlS 1QY. 9NX. The purpose of this wide-ranging paper and bibliography is to raise This catalogue will assist access to material in the Collection for subjects awareness of the revitalisation challenge presented by the legacy of in England, Wales and Northern lreland and the rest of the world. The first redundant historic naval architecture in European dockyards; in their Scottish catalogue is still available for f3.00 (UK) or f5.00 (0verseas), or associated establishments: ordnance and victualling yards, barracks, both may be purchased for f10 (UK) or f12.00 (Overseas), all inclusive of hospitals; and their surrounding fortifications. postage and packing. West Yorkshire Coalfield, compiled by John Goodchild (Stroud: Tempus Stockport Hatting,by Penny McKnight (Stockport MBC, 2000), 83 pp, illus. Publishing, 2000), 128 pp, illus. lSBN 0 7524 1745 2. t9.99. |SBN 0 905164 84 9. Photographs, documents and memories are used to trace the history Throughout the nineteenth century Stockport was the centre of British and development of the West Yorkshire coalfield, charting the epic struggle hat manufacture, but the industry declined through fashion changes and against the geographical, physical and social forces to mine coal. The author cheap mass-production. This book concentrates on the industrial also looks at related industries such as coke, clay and iron. In the'lmages of archaeology of the Stockport industry. England' series.

Stone Quarry Landscapes: fhe lndustrial Archaeology of Quarrying in

England, by Peter Stanier (Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2000), 1 76 pp, 1 25 illus. ISBN 0 75241151 7. t16.99. Anne Booksearch After discussing the history and archaeology of quarrying in England, Jones Service the author describes the industrial archaeology of disused quanies worked 'Bryher' Barncoose Terrace on a'human scale' in different rock types and all carefully chosen for their Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3EP public accessibility. These case studies, which also include surface stone- Telephone 01209 211180 cutting, show what can be interpreted at sites as widespread as Cambridgeshire, Cornwall, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Devon, Dorset, Shropshire, A selection of secondhand and out of print books for sale Somerset, Sussex and Wiltshire. Industrial Archaeology:- Canals, Railways. Bridges, early Engineers, Steam and Engineering interest To Maintain and lmprove: The History of the Lower Avon Navigation Please phone or write for list Trust, by D.H. Burlingham (Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2000), 160 pp, 98 illus. ISBN 0 7524 1756 8. f 14.99. Free book search also available In the second half of the seventeenth century the Avon had become the Details on request

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 116 19 DIARY

31 MARCH 2001 10-13 MAY 2001 29 JUNE - 1 JULY 2OO1 13 oCTOBER 2001 SERIAC 3OTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE IEE HISTORY OF WILTSHIRE INDUSTRIAL the South East of England Regional of the Society for Industrial TECHNOLOGY SUMMER ARCHAEOLOGY SYMPOSIUM lA Conference, at Christs Hospital, Archeology, atWashington DC, USA. MEETING at the Wharf Theatre, Devizes. For Horsham, Sussex. Details from Ron Hosted by the Montgomery C. Meigs at the University of Greenwich, page 12 a call for details, when available, contact the Martin, 42 Falmer Avenue, Saltdean, Original Chapter. Information from Chatham. See for papers please contact Bookings Secretary, Wiltshire Brighton BN2 8FG Christopher Marston, HABS/HAER, For details, Museum, Long Street, (202)343-1 01 8, the Events Department, lEE, SavoY Heritage 4l 7-8 APRrL 2001 SN10 1NS Christopher [email protected] Place, London WC2R 0BL, Devizes, Wiltshire AIA IRONBRIDGE WEEKEND 8 +44 (0)20 7344 5132, Warehouse, 19 2001 at the Long MAY Fax: +44 (0\207 497 3633, affiliated EMIAC 51: FISH AND SHIPS Coalbrookdale, the e-mail: [email protected] societies' lronbridge Weekend, on at Central Library, Grimsby, the 61 st lnformation for the diary should be 'The Achievements of Industrial East Midlands lA Conference hosted 21-27 JULY 2001 sent directly to the Editor as soon as Archaeology in the 20th Century'. by the Society for Lincolnshire BRIDGES it is available. Dates of nailing and Full details and an application form History and Archaeology, covering at Plas Tan y Bwlch, Snowdonia, a last dates for receipt of copy are are included with this mailinq. the history of the fishing industry. course investigating the history and given below. ltems will normally Detalls from SLHA, Jew's Court, engineering of bridges with visits to 21 APRTL 2001 appeat in successive issues up to the Steep Hill, Lincoln LN2 1 LS. many Welsh examples. For details SWWRIAC date of the event. Please ensure contact Plas Tan y Bwlch, at Victoria Hall, Radstock, the South 9 JUNE 2OO1 details are sent in if you wish your Maentwrog, Blaenau Ffestiniog, Wales & West Region lA Conference, EERIAC event to be advised. Gwynedd LL41 3YU, I 01 766 Details from at the Ransome's gallery, Museum organised by BIAS A full diary can also be viewed at 590324 , Fax: 01 7 66 59077 4 , Graham Vincent, 52 Langdon Road, of East Anglian Life, Stowmarket, e-mail: [email protected] w ww. i n d ustri a I - a rch a eo I ogy. o rg. u k Bath BA2 1 LS. the East of England Region lA Conference, on the theme of rural 2001 28 APR|L 2001 21-28 JULY engineering firms. Advance notice INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY THIRD COMMERCIAL t.tt "'o onry. NORTH EAST ENGLAND VEHICLE HISTORY DAY IN at Durham, with lectures and field at St Antony's Centre, Trafford Park, 22-24 JUNE 2001 visits on topics including coal and Manchester, organised by MRIA5 PENRHYN QUARRY 4IA lead mining, railways, chemicals, and the Newcomen Society. RAILWAY BICENTENARY iron and shipbuilding Details from Exhibitions, talks and tours. For WEEKEND Jane Roscoe, Centre for Lifelong details contact Bernard Champness, at Plas Tan y Bwlch, the Snowdonia INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS Learning, University of Durham, 32 108 Woburn Drive, Hale, Altrincham, National Park Environmental Studies (formerly AIA Bulletin l55N 0309-0051) 0ld Elvet, Durham DH1 3HN. Cheshire WA15 8NF. A 0161 Centre. For further details contact Plas rssN 1 354-1 455 9807612. Tan y Bwlch, Maentwrog, Blaenau Editor; Dr Peter Stanier Ffestiniog, Gwynedd LL41 3YU, I 4-11 AUGUST 2001 01766 590324, Fax: 01766 590274, PRACTICAL INDUSTRIAL Published by the Association for lndustrial e-mail: plas@eyri-npa gov.uk ARCHAEOLOGY Archaeology. Contributions should be sent to the Editor, Dr Peter Stanier, 49 at Plas Tan y Bwlch, Snowdonia, a Ereach Iane, Shaftesbury, Dorset 5P7 8LF. long-established course run jointly News and press releases may be sent to University, recording slate with Hull the Editor or the appropriate AIA Regional ouarries at Dorothea and others in Correspondents The Editor maY be Dyffryn Nantlle For details contact telephoned on 01 747 854707. Plas Tan y Bwlch, Maentwrog, Final copy dates are as follows' Blaenau Ffestiniog, Gwynedd LL41 3YU. 30 March for May mailing Fax: 01 766 590214, 30 June for August mailing e-mail: plas@eyri-npa gov.uk 30 September for November mailing 30 December for February mailing 17-24 AUGUST 2001 AIA CONFERENCE, The AIA was established in 1 973 to pronote CAMBRIDGE the study of lndustrial Archaeology and encourage improved standards of recording, at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. research, conseruation and publication lt Details on page 7. aims to assist and support regional and groups bodies involved 19-25 AUGUST 2001 specialist survey and in the preservation of industrral monuments, LITTLE TRAINS IN to represent the interests of lndustrial SNOWDONIA Archaeology at national level, to hold at Plas Tan y Bwlch, a course on the conferentes and seminars and to publish the narrow gauge railways in and results of research fhe AIA publishes an quarterly News bulletin around Snowdonia National Park. annual Review and Fufther details may be obtarned fron the details contact Plas Tan y Bwlch, For Liaison )fficer, AIA )ffice, School ol Maentwrog, Blaenau Ffestiniog, Ardaeological Studies, University of Gwynedd LL41 3YU, e 01 766 Leicester, Leicester LEI 7RH. 590324, Fax: 0l 766 59027 4, E 0l l6 252 5337 Fax: 01 l6 252 5005. e-mail: [email protected] The views expressed in this bulletin are not necessarily those of the Association for Industrial Archaeology

20 @ Association for lndustrial Archaeology, February 2001

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