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East Baltic Vikings - with Particular Consideration to the Ctrronians
East Baltic Vikings - with particular consideration to the Ctrronians Swedish Allies in the Saga World EAST BALTIC At the mythical battlefield of Bravellir (Sw. VIKINGS - WITH Bnl.vallama), Danes and the Swedes clashed in a PARTICULAR fight of epic dimensions. The over-aged Danish king Harald Hildetand finally lost his life, and CONSIDERA his nephew king Sigurdr hringr won Denmark TION TO THE for the Swedes. The story appears in a fragment CURONIANS of a Norse saga from around 1300. But since Sa xo Grammaticus tells it, the written tradition Nils Blornkvist must go back at least to the late 12th century. Wri ting in Latin he prefers to call it bellum Suetici, 'the Swedish war'. It's for several reasons ob vious that Saxo has built his text on a Norse text that must have been quite similar to the preser ved fragment. The battle of Bravellir- the Norse fragment claims - was noteworthy in ancient tales for having be en the greatest, the hardest and the most even and uncertain of the wars that had been fought in the Nordic countries.1 Both sources give long lists of the famous heroes that joined the two armies in a way that recalls the list of ships in Homer's Iliad. These champions are the knight errants of Germanic epics, to some degree rela ted with those of chansons de geste. They are pre sented with characteristic epithets and eponyms that point out their origins in a town, a tribe or a country. When summed up they communicate a geographic vision of the northern World in the 11 th and 12th centuries. -
THE DISCOVERY of the BALTIC the NORTHERN WORLD North Europe and the Baltic C
THE DISCOVERY OF THE BALTIC THE NORTHERN WORLD North Europe and the Baltic c. 400-1700 AD Peoples, Economies and Cultures EDITORS Barbara Crawford (St. Andrews) David Kirby (London) Jon-Vidar Sigurdsson (Oslo) Ingvild Øye (Bergen) Richard W. Unger (Vancouver) Przemyslaw Urbanczyk (Warsaw) VOLUME 15 THE DISCOVERY OF THE BALTIC The Reception of a Catholic World-System in the European North (AD 1075-1225) BY NILS BLOMKVIST BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2005 On the cover: Knight sitting on a horse, chess piece from mid-13th century, found in Kalmar. SHM inv. nr 1304:1838:139. Neg. nr 345:29. Antikvarisk-topografiska arkivet, the National Heritage Board, Stockholm. Brill Academic Publishers has done its best to establish rights to use of the materials printed herein. Should any other party feel that its rights have been infringed we would be glad to take up contact with them. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Blomkvist, Nils. The discovery of the Baltic : the reception of a Catholic world-system in the European north (AD 1075-1225) / by Nils Blomkvist. p. cm. — (The northern world, ISSN 1569-1462 ; v. 15) Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. ISBN 90-04-14122-7 1. Catholic Church—Baltic Sea Region—History. 2. Church history—Middle Ages, 600-1500. 3. Baltic Sea Region—Church history. I. Title. II. Series. BX1612.B34B56 2004 282’485—dc22 2004054598 ISSN 1569–1462 ISBN 90 04 14122 7 © Copyright 2005 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill Academic Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. -
FEEFHS Journal Volume 15, 2007
FEEFHS Journal Volume 15, 2007 FEEFHS Journal Who, What and Why is FEEFHS? The Federation of East European Family History Societies Guest Editor: Kahlile B. Mehr. [email protected] (FEEFHS) was founded in June 1992 by a small dedicated group of Managing Editor: Thomas K. Edlund American and Canadian genealogists with diverse ethnic, religious, and national backgrounds. By the end of that year, eleven societies FEEFHS Executive Council had accepted its concept as founding members. Each year since then FEEFHS has grown in size. FEEFHS now represents nearly two 2006-2007 FEEFHS officers: hundred organizations as members from twenty-four states, five Ca- President: Dave Obee, 4687 Falaise Drive, Victoria, BC V8Y 1B4 nadian provinces, and fourteen countries. It continues to grow. Canada. [email protected] About half of these are genealogy societies, others are multi- 1st Vice-president: Brian J. Lenius. [email protected] purpose societies, surname associations, book or periodical publish- 2nd Vice-president: Lisa A. Alzo ers, archives, libraries, family history centers, online services, insti- 3rd Vice-president: Werner Zoglauer tutions, e-mail genealogy list-servers, heraldry societies, and other Secretary: Kahlile Mehr, 412 South 400 West, Centerville, UT. ethnic, religious, and national groups. FEEFHS includes organiza- [email protected] tions representing all East or Central European groups that have ex- Treasurer: Don Semon. [email protected] isting genealogy societies in North America and a growing group of worldwide organizations and individual members, from novices to Other members of the FEEFHS Executive Council: professionals. Founding Past President: Charles M. Hall, 4874 S. 1710 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84117-5928 Goals and Purposes: Immediate Past President: Irmgard Hein Ellingson, P.O. -
Starpkultūru Komunikācijas Barjeras Starp Vāciešiem Un Latvijas Teritorijā Dzīvojošām Maztautām 12
STARPKULTŪRU KOMUNIKĀCIJAS BARJERAS STARP VĀCIEŠIEM UN LATVIJAS TERITORIJĀ DzīVOJOŠĀM MAZTAUTĀM 12. GADSIMTA BEIGĀS UN 13. GADSIMTA SĀKUMĀ PĒC INDRIĶA HRONIKAS UN ATSKAŅU HRONIKAS ZIŅĀM Andris Pētersons Dr. sc. soc., Biznesa augstskolas Turība asociētais profesors. Zinātniskās intereses: komunikācija, komunikācijas vadība, starpkultūru komuni- kācija, komunikācijas vēsture. Raksta mērķis ir ar piemēriem no diviem plašākajiem stāstošās vēstures avotiem par Baltijas tautu cīņām 12. un 13. gadsimtā – Indriķa hronikas un Atskaņu hronikas definēt starpkultūru komunikācijas barjeras starp vācie- šiem un Latvijas teritorijā dzīvojošām maztautām – līviem, letiem, zemga- ļiem, sēļiem un vendiem. (Maztautas tiek sauktas saskaņā ar ābrama Feldhūna tulkojumu Indriķa hronikā.) Komunikācija tiek definēta kā kultū- ras, zināšanu un sociālās uzvedības kodols, bez kuras neviena kultūra nevar pastāvēt. Piemēros no abām hronikām redzamas vāciešu un Latvijas terito- rijā dzīvojošo maztautu vērtības, kā arī viņu atšķirīgās reliģijas, organizē- tības un tehnoloģiju līmeņi, kas bija pamatā starpkultūru komunikācijas barjerām. Vērtības tiek definētas kā kultūras pamats, kultūras dziļākās iz- pausmes, kas ikvienai kultūrai ir atšķirīgas, un kā orientieri, kopējas simbo- liskas sistēmas elementi, kuri kalpo kā kritērijs vai standarts, lai izvēlētos starp iespējamām alternatīvām noteiktā situācijā. Tiek identificētas šādas starpkultūru komunikācijas barjeras: 1) līdzības pieņēmums, ka pamat- vajadzības visiem cilvēkiem ir līdzīgas un pastāv viena, universāla cilvēka daba; 2) valodas atšķirības, ja informācija tiek nodota citā valodā, slengā vai lietojot idiomas; 3) nepareiza neverbālā interpretācija, proti, dažādām kul- tūrām ir dažādas zīmes un signāli; 4) stereotipi un aizspriedumi, kas noved pie vispārinātiem, pastarpinātiem pieņēmumiem; 5) etnocentrisms, kas ir sevis izcelšana, universalizācija un dažādības noliegšana. Jebkurā laikā, pat LATVIJAS VēSTURES INSTITūTA ŽURNāLS ◆ 2016 Nr. 3 (100) 68 Andris Pētersons ilgstoša un nežēlīga kara apstākļos, kādi valdīja Baltijā 12. -
LATVIA Latvia 171 © Lonelyplanetpublications Expecting Littleandleaveexpecting Overwhelmed, They’Ve Uncovered Certain Long-Buriedtreasure
© Lonely Planet Publications 171 www.lonelyplanet.com LATVIA •• Highlights 172 HIGHLIGHTS HOW MUCH ? Rīga ( p187 ) Wander cobbled medieval streets, slide past Art-Nouveau flourishes Cup of coffee from 0.50Ls and watch the sun rise over a skyline of Latvia Taxi fare per kilometre 45Ls to 65Ls spires and turrets. Gauja Valley ( p227 ) Get your adrena- Public transport ticket 0.2Ls line rushing by bungee jumping, bob- Bicycle hire (daily) 4.50Ls sleighing or skiing amid this exquisite If you’re yearning to hit Europe’s untrodden jackpot, cash in your chips in Latvia (Latvija). landscape. Sauna per hour 10Ls Still undiscovered by the tourism masses, this sizzling Baltic sexpot is poised to become the Jūrmala ( p220 ) Soak up sun and Baltic Sea continent’s next A-list star. A country in transition, hellbent on shedding its stalwart old- vistas in this boisterous resort area. LONELY PLANET INDEX Liepāja (p261 ) Discover the heart and soul Soviet image, the Latvia of today is vibrant, enigmatic and altogether mesmerising. Refresh- Litre of petrol 0.54Ls of Latvia’s rock ’n’ roll scene in this pro- LATVIA ingly unpretentious, Latvia manages to tantalise even the most jaded traveller. Many arrive gressive city poised to become a major Litre of bottled water 0.50Ls expecting little and leave overwhelmed, certain they’ve uncovered long-buried treasure. Baltic hot spot. 50cl bottle of beer 0.40Ls LATVIA Cape Kolka ( p253 ) Feast on fresh fish, Bustling Rīga, with its pumping nightlife, cobbled streets and marvellous Art-Nouveau gulp mouthfuls of crisp air and savour Souvenir T-shirt 5Ls architecture is one of Eastern Europe’s most fun cities. -
Information for the Repatriates Who Are Third Country Nationals
INFORMATION FOR THE REPATRIATES WHO ARE THIRD COUNTRY NATIONALS This material was prepared during a project Evaluation of the necessities of repatriates who are third-country nationals. The project is coofunded by the European Fund for the Integration of Third Country Nationals. The Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs is fully responsible for the content in this material and the views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the the European Union. CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Needs assessment of repatriated third country nationals............................................................ 6 Examples of repatriates experiences while moving to Latvia..................................................... 7 Latvia ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 • Short history of Latvia ............................................................................................ 9 • Stages of emigration ............................................................................................ 10 • Repatriation – return back to Latvia ................................................................ 11 • National holidays .................................................................................................. 11 • Remembrance and festive -
Landscape Architecture and Art
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND ART SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE VOLUME 5 NUMBER 5 ISSN 2255-8632 print Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 5, Number 5 ISSN 2255-8640 online SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND ART VOLUME 5 NUMBER 5 JELGAVA1 2014 Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 5, Number 5 EDITOR IN CHIEF Aija Ziemeļniece, Dr. arch., Professor, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia EDITORIAL BOARD Uģis Bratuškins, Dr. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Maria Ignatieva, Dr. phil., Professor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Karsten Jorgensen, Dr. scient., Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway Jānis Krastiņš, Dr. habil. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Juhan Maiste, Dr. art., Professor, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Eglė Navickienė, Dr. arch., Assoc. Professor, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania Valeriy Nefedov, Dr. arch., Professor, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg, Russia Thomas Oyen, Professor, Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany Gintaras Stauskis, PhD arch., Assoc. Professor, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania Ivars Strautmanis, Dr. habil. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Ojārs -
Vacations in Enter Gauja Manors This Is Your Opportunity to Savour the Jewels That Noblemen Have Safeguarded in the Cusp of the Forest for Time Eternal
EN Vacations in Enter Gauja Manors This is your opportunity to savour the jewels that noblemen have safeguarded in the cusp of the forest for time eternal. Venture forth, rapt in contemplation, essaying your brush back and forth over the canvas, listening to the paint plotting its way into the canvas, and sipping tea in the manor garden, where you will hear the tick tock of the venerable lord’s clock. We invite you to discover Latvia, travelling through time and enjoying the tranquility of the historic residences of the aristocracy fanned by centuries of impressive history. The authentic hospitality of the nobility awaits you, along with the opportunity to step into the world of Latvia’s nobility and to encounter its broad heritage, as well as to embark on a stately journey amid impressive settings nestling among painterly landscapes. During your journey, you will be welcomed at the most important manor houses, castles and palaces in the Gauja region, offering fine dining and accommodation options, and an eclectic offering of additional services, ranging from tours recreating the epochs of the nobility through to scenic horse carriage excursions through the Latvian countryside. TURAIDA MUSEUM RESERVE FROM THE HISTORY Turaida’s historical centre has developed over the course of more than 1,000 years. The events A TREASURE TROVE OF TESTIMONIES TO HISTORY that have taken place here are closely linked to the course of Latvian and European history. Around the 11th century, the Livonian people began living on the shores of the Gauja in Turaida. The rhythm of their daily life was closely attuned to nature. -
Musical Practices in the Balkans: Ethnomusicological Perspectives
MUSICAL PRACTICES IN THE BALKANS: ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES МУЗИЧКЕ ПРАКСЕ БАЛКАНА: ЕТНОМУЗИКОЛОШКЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ СРПСКА АКАДЕМИЈА НАУКА И УМЕТНОСТИ НАУЧНИ СКУПОВИ Књига CXLII ОДЕЉЕЊЕ ЛИКОВНЕ И МУЗИЧКЕ УМЕТНОСТИ Књига 8 МУЗИЧКЕ ПРАКСЕ БАЛКАНА: ЕТНОМУЗИКОЛОШКЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА СА НАУЧНОГ СКУПА ОДРЖАНОГ ОД 23. ДО 25. НОВЕМБРА 2011. Примљено на X скупу Одељења ликовне и музичке уметности од 14. 12. 2012, на основу реферата академикâ Дејана Деспића и Александра Ломе У р е д н и ц и Академик ДЕЈАН ДЕСПИЋ др ЈЕЛЕНА ЈОВАНОВИЋ др ДАНКА ЛАЈИЋ-МИХАЈЛОВИЋ БЕОГРАД 2012 МУЗИКОЛОШКИ ИНСТИТУТ САНУ SERBIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS ACADEMIC CONFERENCES Volume CXLII DEPARTMENT OF FINE ARTS AND MUSIC Book 8 MUSICAL PRACTICES IN THE BALKANS: ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE HELD FROM NOVEMBER 23 TO 25, 2011 Accepted at the X meeting of the Department of Fine Arts and Music of 14.12.2012., on the basis of the review presented by Academicians Dejan Despić and Aleksandar Loma E d i t o r s Academician DEJAN DESPIĆ JELENA JOVANOVIĆ, PhD DANKA LAJIĆ-MIHAJLOVIĆ, PhD BELGRADE 2012 INSTITUTE OF MUSICOLOGY Издају Published by Српска академија наука и уметности Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts и and Музиколошки институт САНУ Institute of Musicology SASA Лектор за енглески језик Proof-reader for English Јелена Симоновић-Шиф Jelena Simonović-Schiff Припрема аудио прилога Audio examples prepared by Зоран Јерковић Zoran Jerković Припрема видео прилога Video examples prepared by Милош Рашић Милош Рашић Технички -
Tourism Agencies in Latgale That Deal with Issuance of Visas for Travelling
Bella Dvina and Baltic Country of Lakes www.visitlatgale.com www.belladvina.com www.vitebsk-region.by Estonia Russia www.balticlakes.com www.utenainfo.lt Baltic See www.antour.lt www.zarasai.lt /tic Viļaka municipality Balvi Rugāji municipality Byelorussia municipality Baltinava municipality Poland Kārsava district Viļāni Cibla municipality municipality Ukraine Ludza municipality Līvāni municipality Riebiņi municipality Rēzekne municipality Zilupe Vārkava municipality municipality Preiļi municipality Aglona Dagda municipality municipality Ilūkste municipality Krāslava municipality Daugavpils municipality Verkhnyadzvinsk District Rossony Rossony District Verkhnyadzvinsk Zarasai Braslaw Zarasai district Miory Anykščiai district Polotsk District Utena district Braslaw District Miory District Polotsk Anykščai Utena Vitebsk District Vitebsk Region Vitebsk 1 While travelling, man becomes spiritually richer, acquaints himself with new cultures, traditions and people, enjoys the beauty of nature and receives energy for further work and dreams. In this booklet one may find information about incredible and unique regions - Baltic Country of Lakes and “Bella Dvina”. The Baltic Country of Lakes is the richest with lakes in the Baltics – more than two thousand lakes are located here. Next to the Baltic Country of Lakes lies a tourism regions with a poetic and beautiful name “Bella Dvina”. It is located in the area where the river Dvina – Daugava flows, which is well known since ancient times for the trade route “from Varangians to Greeks”. The advantages of the Baltic Country of Lakes and Bella Dvina regions are thir landscapes, nature, clean air and wonderful people. Active tourism throughout the year, fascinating cultural events, and picturesque sceneries – all of this comprises a unique mosaic, which provides true visual and aesthetic enjoyment. -
Iš Istorijos Ūkų Mėlynuojantys Kuršiai
Iš istorijos ūkų mėlynuojantys kuršiai Apie rekonstruotus I–XIV a. kuršių kostiumus su baltų genčių archeologinio ir istorinio kostiumo atkūrėjomis, projekto vykdytojomis – dizainere konstruktore, LLKC Tautodailės poskyrio vyriausiąja specialiste Danute KETURAKIENE ir archeologe, VšĮ „Vita Antiqua“ direktore dr. Daiva STEPONAVIČIENE, taip pat su lietuvių ir kuršių genčių kostiumų demonstruotojais Dovile KETURAKYTE, Ramune STEPONAVIČIŪTE ir Žygimantu LIAUSA kalbasi Juozas ŠORYS. Tarp audimo staklių ir lekalų teriškų ir keturi vyriškų drabužių komplektai. Į kom- plektą įeina galvos danga, drabužiai, avalynė, ginklai, Kaskart užėjus į LLKC kieme įsikūrusią rekonstruoja- odos galanterija, papuošalai. Beje, ir jau sukurtos (be mų kostiumų būstinę nustebina palei sieną sukabinta minėtų, dar žemaičių ir jotvingių), ir dar planuojamos vilnonių ir kitokių audinių faktūra, spalvų ryškumu išsi- kurti (šiais metais kursime aukštaičių kolekciją – ga- skirianti I–XIV a. kuršių genties archeologinio ir istorinio vome finansavimą) baltų genčių kostiumų kolekcijos kostiumo (su gretimai kybančiomis lietuvių ir kitų bal- (po keturis moterų ir vyrų) bus saugomos LLKC. Šiuos tų genčių kolekcijomis) „apkaba“, ant stalo – neseniai darbus atliekame vykdydami projektus, kuriuos pare- LLKC išleistas 2013/2014 m. kalendorius „Kuršių kostiu- mia Kultūros rėmimo fondas, dalį finansavimo skiria ir mas I–XIV a.“. Kaip užsimezgė šis idėjos aiškumu ir drą- LLKC. Tautinį kostiumą jau esame smulkiai ištyrinėję, sumu savaip unikalus ir skeptikus netgi šokiruojantis išleidome nemažai jam skirtų leidinių, tad dabar su- projektas? Besidominčiuosius archeologinėmis tekstili- sitelkėme ties archeologinio kostiumo atkūrimo dar- nėmis rekonstrukcijomis ypač suintrigavo šie ir ankstes- bais. Juolab kad jo rekostrukcijos Lietuvoje prasidėjo ni originalūs ir dabar tiesiog rankomis apčiuopiami jūsų gana vėlai – mus buvo aplenkusios ne tik Skandinavi- pastangų šioje specifinėje srityje rezultatai. -
Eiropas Kultūras
EIROPASEIROPAS KULTŪRASKULTŪRAS MANTOJUMAMANTOJUMA DIENASDIENAS 20182018 LATVIJASLATVIJAS VALSTS VALSTS IZVEIDOŠANAIZVEIDOŠANA UN UN ATTĪSTĪBAATTĪSTĪBA Izdevuma sagatavošanā izmantoti Nacionālās kultūras mantojuma pārvaldes Pieminekļu dokumentācijas centra materiāli. Tekstu autori: J. Asaris, A. Āboltiņš, D. Cebule, J. Dambis, S. Dundure, R. Liepiņš, E. Lūsēna, J. Meinerts, J. Urtāns, S. Zirne. Sagatavojot tekstus izmantoti Eiropas kultūras mantojuma dienu rīkotāju materiāli. Nacionālā kultūras mantojuma pārvalde pateicas visiem, kuri palīdzēja un piedalījās izdevuma tapšanā. Materials from National Heritage Board of Latvia Monuments Documentation Centre are used in this edition. Texts written by J. Asaris, A. Āboltiņš, D. Cebule, J. Dambis, S. Dundure, R. Liepiņš, E. Lūsēna, J. Meinerts, J. Urtāns, S. Zirne using materials provided by organisers of Europen Heritage Days events. National Heritage Board expresses gratitude to all those who have contributed in the creation of this edition. Konsultants/ Adviser: J. Asaris Dizains/ Graphic design: Sandra Betkere Vāka foto/ Cover photo: J. Dambis Iespiests/ Printing: Apgāds MANTOJUMS Tulkojums/ Translation: SIA SERRES Izdevuma koordinēšana/ Technical coordination: Alma Kaurāte, Kristīne Ābele © Nacionālā kultūras mantojuma pārvalde, 2018 ISBN 978-9934-8630-6-6 SATURS/TABLE OF CONTENTS Valsts izcīnīšana/ FIGHTING FOR FREEDOM 46 VALSTS IDEJA/ THE IDEA OF THE STATE 12 RĪGAS BrāļU kapi/ THE RĪGA BRETHREN CEMETERY 48 Latvijas Republikas valsts karoga VēSTURE/ Latvijas Pagaidu valdības DIBINĀŠANA/