Joining Element Design and Product Variety in Manufacturing Industries
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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com AvailableScienceDirectAvailable online at online www.sciencedirect.com at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia CIRP 00 (2019) 000–000 Procedia CIRP 00 (2019) 000–000 ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia Procedia CIRPProcedia 00 (2017) CIRP 000–00088 (2020) 76–81 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia 13th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME ‘19 Joining element28th design CIRP Designand produc Conference,t variety May 2018, in Nantes,manufacturing France industries a,b, a,b Derk H. D. Egginka,b,*, Marco W. Grolla,b A new methodology toDerk analyze H. D. Eggink the functional*, Marco W. and Groll physical architecture of aDepartment of Design Production and Management, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands aDepartment of Design Production and Management, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands existing products for anbDaimler assembly AG, Mercedesstraße oriented 137, Stuttgart, product70327, Germany family identification bDaimler AG, Mercedesstraße 137, Stuttgart, 70327, Germany * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-176-3095-9411; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-4213. E-mail address: [email protected] * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-176-3095-9411;Paul Stief *, ORCID: Jean-Yves https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-4213. Dantan, Alain Etienne, E-mail address: Ali Siadat [email protected] École Nationale Supérieure d’Arts et Métiers, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, LCFC EA 4495, 4 Rue Augustin Fresnel, Metz 57078, France Abstract *Abstract Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 3 87 37 54 30; E-mail address: [email protected] Product variety is a growing trend of offering highly configurable products at the cost of inducing complexity in manufacturing. Joining is a Product variety is a growing trend of offering highly configurable products at the cost of inducing complexity in manufacturing. Joining is a key manufacturing process and historically was a paper-based process with incomplete variety documentation. Nowadays, digital joining key manufacturing process and historically was a paper-based process with incomplete variety documentation. Nowadays, digital joining element design is a substitution of paper for 3D space. Nonetheless, it remains an ambiguous manual task with limited automation, resulting in element design is a substitution of paper for 3D space. Nonetheless, it remains an ambiguous manual task with limited automation, resulting in Abstracttime-consuming iterative error-prone development trajectories and costly reworks. This contribution addresses the state of the art in joining time-consuming iterative error-prone development trajectories and costly reworks. This contribution addresses the state of the art in joining element design in both research and industry practice. It reviews product variety and its impact on joining processes. The paper identifies a element design in both research and industry practice. It reviews product variety and its impact on joining processes. The paper identifies a Inneed today’s for integrating business environment, product variety the into trend joining towards element more desigproductn and variety it proposes and customization a solution pathway is unbroken. using artificial Due to thisintellige development,nce methods. the need of need for integrating product variety into joining element design and it proposes a solution pathway using artificial intelligence methods. agile© 2019 and The reconfigurable Authors. Publis productionhed by Elseviersystems B.V. emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production © 20192020 The Authors. PublishedPublished by Elsevier B.V. systemsPeer-review as well under as toresponsibility choose the ofoptimal the scientific product committee matches, productof the 13th analysis CIRP methods Conference are onneeded. Intelligent Indeed, Computation most of the in knownManufac methodsturing aim to analyzePeer-reviewThis is aan product open under access or responsibility one article product under family of the onscientificCC the BY-NC-ND physical committee level. license of Different the (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 13th product CIRP Conference families, however, on Intelligent may differ Computation largely) in in terms Manufac of theturing number and Engineering.Peer review under the responsibility of the scientific committee of the 13th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing natureEngineering. of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production Engineering, 17-19 July 2019, Gulf of Naples, Italy. system.Keywords: A newArtificial methodology intelligence; is Machineproposed learning; to analyze Automation; existing Design products for assembly; in view ofJoining their elements;functional Product and physical variety; Design; architecture. Engineering; The aim Standardization; is to cluster Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Automation; Design for assembly; Joining elements; Product variety; Design; Engineering; Standardization; theseModular products design; in Process new assembly selection; orientedJoining locations; product Complexit families fory the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assemblyModular design; systems. Process Based selection; on Datum Joining Flow locations; Chain, Complexit the physicaly structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of 1. Introduction supporting JE design risking prolonged development thyssenkrupp1. Introduction Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach. trajectories and costly reworks [6]. © 2017Product The Authors. variety Published(PV) is a bygrowing Elsevier trend B.V. of offering highly Product variety (PV) is a growing trend of offering highly The state of the art considers partial solutions to aspects of Peer-reviewconfigurable under products responsibility [1] enabling of the scientific market competitivenesscommittee of the 28th of CIRP Design Conference 2018. configurable products [1] enabling market competitiveness of JE design as shown in Fig 1. Joining technology selection companies. PV occurs in all types of products [1], but the approaches apply optimization [7], assessment [8] or Kcompanies.eywords: Assembly; PV occurs Design method;in all tyFamilypes identificationof products [1], but the approaches apply optimization [7], assessment [8] or numbers of variants in automotive industry can be immense, numbers of variants in automotive industry can be immense, knowledge-based [9] methods. Topology optimization [5] and e.g. there are up to 1024 possible Mercedes-Benz E-Class e.g. there are up to 1024 possible Mercedes-Benz E-Class rule-based [10] approaches can determine joining locations. configurations [2]. PV induces complexity in design and configurations [2]. PV induces complexity in design and Other approaches aim to find the optimal joining parameters manufacturing and is likely to cause higher costs, lower 1manufacturing. Introduction and is likely to cause higher costs, lower of[11–13]. the product Meanwhile, range andmodular characteristics product design manufactured (MPD) aims and/or to quality, and delays over the entire product life cycle [1]. quality, and delays over the entire product life cycle [1]. assembledmanage PV in thisby system.considering In this various context, focus the mainpoints, challenge such as in Studies indicate that increased PV negatively affects StudiesDue toindicate the fastthat developmentincreased PV in negativelythe domain affects of modellingassembly andcomplexity analysis [14], is now pro notduct only architectures to cope with [15, single 16], performance of manufacturing processes [3]. communicationperformance of manufacturingand an ongoing processes trend [3]. of digitization and products,standardization a limited [17] product and assembly range or stationsexisting product[18]. JE families, design Joining is a key process in manufacturing, provides digitalization,Joining is manufacturinga key process enterprises in manufacturing, are facing importantprovides butprocesses also to bedo ablenot explicitly to analyze cons andider to compare modular products design toand define vice function to a product as a whole and increases the challengesfunction toin a today’s product market as a environments:whole and increases a continuing the newversa. product Moreover, families. JE Itdesign can be requires observed a thatholistic classical approach existing to manufacturability hereof [4]. Products can easily contain tendencymanufacturability towards reduction hereof [4].of product Products development can easily times contain and productfind optimal families solutions are regrouped [19–21]. in function of clients or features. thousands of joining elements (JE) [5]. JE design became an shortenedthousands