A Capsule Look at Datapoint Corporation
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Related Links History of the Radio Shack Computers
Home Page Links Search About Buy/Sell! Timeline: Show Images Radio Shack TRS-80 Model II 1970 Datapoint 2200 Catalog: 26-4002 1971 Kenbak-1 Announced: May 1979 1972 HP-9830A Released: October 1979 Micral Price: $3450 (32K RAM) 1973 Scelbi-8H $3899 (64K RAM) 1974 Mark-8 CPU: Zilog Z-80A, 4 MHz MITS Altair 8800 RAM: 32K, 64K SwTPC 6800 Ports: Two serial ports 1975 Sphere One parallel port IMSAI 8080 IBM 5100 Display: Built-in 12" monochrome monitor MOS KIM-1 40 X 24 or 80 X 24 text. Sol-20 Storage: One 500K 8-inch built-in floppy drive. Hewlett-Packard 9825 External Expansion w/ 3 floppy bays. PolyMorphic OS: TRS-DOS, BASIC. 1976 Cromemco Z-1 Apple I The Digital Group Rockwell AIM 65 Compucolor 8001 ELF, SuperELF Wameco QM-1A Vector Graphic Vector-1 RCA COSMAC VIP Apple II 1977 Commodore PET Radio Shack TRS-80 Atari VCS (2600) NorthStar Horizon Heathkit H8 Intel MCS-85 Heathkit H11 Bally Home Library Computer Netronics ELF II IBM 5110 VideoBrain Family Computer The TRS-80 Model II microcomputer system, designed and manufactured by Radio Shack in Fort Worth, TX, was not intended to replace or obsolete Compucolor II the Model I, it was designed to take up where the Model I left off - a machine with increased capacity and speed in every respect, targeted directly at the Exidy Sorcerer small-business application market. Ohio Scientific 1978 Superboard II Synertek SYM-1 The Model II contains a single-sided full-height Shugart 8-inch floppy drive, which holds 500K bytes of data, compared to only 87K bytes on the 5-1/4 Interact Model One inch drives of the Model I. -
The IA-32 Processor Architecture
The IA-32 processor architecture Nicholas FitzRoy-Dale Document Revision: 1 Date: 2006/05/30 22:31:24 [email protected] http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/∼disy/ Operating Systems and Distributed Systems Group School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney 2052, Australia 1 Introduction This report discusses the most common instruction set architecture for desktop microprocessors: IA- 32. From a programmer’s perspective, IA-32 has not changed changed significantly since its introduc- tion with the Intel 80386 processor in 1985. IA-32 implementations, however, have undergone dra- matic changes in order to stay competitive with more modern architectures, particularly in the area of instruction-level parallelism. This report discusses the history of IA-32, and then the architectural features of recent IA-32 im- plementations, with particular regard to caching, multiprocessing, and instruction-level parallelism. An archtectural description is not particularly useful in isolation. Therefore, to provide context, each as- pect is compared with analogous features of other architectures, with particular attention paid to the RISC-style ARM processor and the VLIW-inspired Itanium. 2 A brief history of IA-32 IA-32 first appeared with the 80386 processor, but the architecture was by no means completely new. IA-32’s 8-bit predecessor first appeared in the Datapoint 2200 programmable terminal, released in 1971. Under contract to produce a single-chip version of the terminal’s multiple-chip TTL design, Intel’s im- plementation, the 8008, was not included in the terminal. Intel released the chip in 1972. -
Proceedings of the 1974 Clinic on Library Applications of Data
DAVID P. WAITE President, Information Dynamics Corporation Reading, Massachusetts The Minicomputer: Its Role in a Nationwide Bibliographic and Information Network In January 1974, Information Dynamics Corporation introduced to the library community a nationwide on-line bibliographic and information net- work called BIBNET. Installations have begun and operations are expected to go into full swing in the summer of 1974. Hardware and software systems being installed at user locations, as well as data entry points, employ mini- computers (see figure 1). This paper will describe the several applications of minicomputers in this large-scale computing network. When BIBNET was first conceived, the decision was made to use minicomputers in order to meet the multipurpose design objectives of a far-reaching nationwide library and information support service. The ultimate objective was not simply the development of a new on-line cataloging system, but the design of a complete service system that would be able to meet successfully future developments in the library community. The network is being established to provide libraries with on-line access to the national data base of machine-readable cataloging records, to provide access to information service modules and for data processing where machine-readable records are available to carry out a number of technical processing operations that in the past have been performed by manual means. Before describing the several system design requirements, it is important to review the basic supporting role and service objectives of the overall bibliographic and information network program. 136 NATIONWIDE BIBLIOGRAPHIC NETWORK 137 This diagram depicts the capabilities of each BIBNET user's terminal regardless of location on North American continent. -
Microprocessor Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Page 1 Of 16
Microprocessor - Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Page 1of 16 Microprocessor From Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia A microprocessor incorporatesthefunctionsof acomputer's central processingunit(CPU)onasingle integratedcircuit,[1] (IC)oratmostafewintegratedcircuits. [2]Itisa multipurpose,programmabledevicethataccepts digitaldata asinput,processesitaccordingtoinstructionsstoredinits memory,andprovidesresultsasoutput.Itisanexampleof sequentialdigitallogic,asithasinternalmemory. Microprocessorsoperateonnumbersandsymbols representedin the binarynumeralsystem. Theadventoflow-costcomputersonintegratedcircuitshas transformedmodernsociety.General-purpose microprocessorsinpersonalcomputersareusedfor computation,textediting,multimediadisplay,and Intel 4004,thefirstgeneral-purpose, communicationovertheInternet.Manymore commercial microprocessor microprocessorsare partof embeddedsystems,providing digitalcontrolofamyriadofobjectsfromappliancesto automobilestocellular phonesandindustrial processcontrol. Contents ■ 1Origins ■ 2Embeddedapplications ■ 3Structure ■ 4Firsts ■ 4.1Intel4004 ■ 4.2TMS1000 ■ 4.3Pico/GeneralInstrument ■ 4.4CADC ■ 4.5GilbertHyatt ■ 4.6Four-PhaseSystemsAL1 ■ 58bitdesigns ■ 612bitdesigns ■ 716bitdesigns ■ 832bitdesigns ■ 964bitdesignsinpersonalcomputers ■ 10Multicoredesigns ■ 11RISC ■ 12Special-purposedesigns ■ 13Marketstatistics ■ 14See also ■ 15Notes ■ 16References ■ 17Externallinks http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor 2012 -03 -01 Microprocessor -Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Page 2of 16 Origins Duringthe1960s,computer processorswereconstructedoutofsmallandmedium-scaleICseach -
The Making of the MCM/70 Microcomputer
The Making of the MCM/70 Microcomputer Zbigniew Stachniak York University, Canada MCM/70, manufactured by Micro Computer Machines (MCM), was a small desktop microcomputer designed to provide the APL programming language environment for business, scientific, and educational use. MCM was among the first companies to fully recognize and act upon microprocessor technology’s immense potential for developing a new generation of cost-effective computing systems. This article discusses the pioneering work on personal microcomputers conducted at MCM in the early 1970s and, in particular, the making of the MCM/70 microcomputer. Personal computing might have started as early forces met in the middle, they would bring as the 1940s, when Edmund Berkeley, a great about a revolution in personal computing.”1 enthusiast of computing and computer educa- Much has already been written about the tion, conceived his first small computing device timing of this convergence and about the peo- and named it Simon. Simon was a relay-based ple and events that were the catalysts for it. One device, and Berkeley published its design interpretation that has long ago filtered into the between 1950 and 1951 in a series of articles in folklore of the modern history of computing Radio Electronics. Alternatively, one might con- and into popular culture depicts the two forces sider personal computing’s time line to have rushing past each other in the period between begun with the Digital Equipment PDP-8 com- the introduction of the first 8-bit microproces- puter, the machine that brought about the era of sor and the announcement of the Altair 8800. -
Datapoint • Fi SOFTWARE CATALOG
Datapoint • fI SOFTWARE CATALOG computer Terminal Corporation October I 1972 October 1972 DATAPOINT 2200 SOFTWARE CATALOG Published every two months for Datapoint 2200 users providing the latest in programs and supporting manuals. TABLE OF CONTENTS CATALOG ORGANIZATION GUIDE...................................... 1 DATAPOINT 2200 SOFTWARE - A SYSTEM GUIDE........................ 2 DATABUS SYSTEM CHART............................................ 3 OPERATING SYSTEMS . 4 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE GENERATION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 DATABUS SYSTEM GENERATION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 DATABUS 1 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••.•••.•••••••••••••••• 9 DATABUS 2 ••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 CONTINUED NEXT PAGE i TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) DATABUS 3 ............................................ ~ ............................................................ " .. 15 DATABUS 4........................................................................................................ 18 DATABUS 6........................................................................................................... 21 DATABUS 7 .......................................... "................................................................. 2 2 UTILITIES.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 24 TERMINAL EMULATORS........................................................................................... -
Datapoint Equipment Directory Index
Datapoint Equipment Directory Index Pag e Datapoint 2200/Version I 2 Version II ........... 2 Communications Ad aptors 4 Asynchronous . .. 4 Serial RS232 B data 300 Baud Modem 1200 Baud Modem High Level Keyer Synchronous . 4 Parallel Data Interface . 5 Multiple Port Communications Adaptor . 6 2200 Servo Printer. 7 Ca rd Reader ................... ... 10 Selectric Typewriter Interface . .. ... .. .. .. 11 Datapoint 2200/ Shelf Attachment .. 12 Datapoint 2200/ Paper Ho lder ... 12 Datapoint 3300/ lnteractive Terminal . ..... 13 Tape Unit . .. 14 Acoustic Coupler .. 14 Th ermal Printer . 15 Datapoint 3000/ lnteractive Terminal .... 16 Datapoint 3360/ Display Unit ... .. ... 17 - Datashare Video Terminal .. 18 Datapoint Training. Documentation, and Supplies. ... 19 ® Datapoint 2200 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS The Datapoint 2200 has the fo ll owing general the bus iness mini-computer c haracteristi cs: a. 11 5 v.a.c., 60 cycle, 180 watts, power input (5 0 Version s I and II cycle optional): The Dal apo in t 2200. Ve rsion I is an integrated data b. 47 pounds weight: system which offers alphanumeri c keyboard for data c. 9 5 8" high, 18' 2 " wide, by 19 5 8 " deep outside entry. a cathode ray sc reen for data display and two d imensions: digital cassette recorders for bulk data storage Th e d. 0 to 50 C (32 to 122 F ), 10 to 90 percent relative system also integrates a general purpose d ig ital humidity operation e nvironment. computer for both system control and data processing tasks along with th e capabi lity for extensive CRT DISPLAY Th e Datapoint 2200 CRT Disp lay provides th e fo ll owin g comm unicat ions inte i"f ac ing and fo r interfacing With extemal devices or periphel"als Ve l-s ion I of the Datapol nt features· 2200 contains a max imum of 8. -
OVERVIEW Intel Corporation Is an American Multinational Corporation
OVERVIEW ⌂ Introduced April 1, 1974. ⌂ Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation headquartered in ⌂ 10 times faster than 8008. Santa Clara, California. ⌂ Used in the Altair 8800, Traffic light controller, cruise missile. ⌂ It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in ⌂ Characteristics most personal computers. • 6 mm process ⌂ Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of • 4500 transistors Integrated Electronics (the fact that "intel" is the term for intelligence • 2 MHz information also made the name appropriate). • 8-bit word size ⌂ Intel sells its products and solutions to original equipment manufacturers • 40-pin DIP package (OEMs) and original design manufacturers (ODMs). Intel 8086/8088 ⌂ The 80486 architecture, for example, supports clock rates of from 33 to 66 ⌂ A 16 bit processors Introduced June 8, 1978(8086) and Introduced June 1, MHz. 1979(8088). ⌂ Because Intel discovered that it couldn't trademark its CPU numbers, it shifted ⌂ First used in the Compaq Deskpro IBM PC-compatible computers. Later used to a naming scheme, starting with the Pentium processors. Intel's sixth- in portable computing, and in the IBM PS/2 Model 25 and Model 30. Also generation chip is called the Pentium Pro. used in the AT&T PC6300 / Olivetti M24, a popular IBM PC-compatible HISTORY (predating the IBM PS/2 line). ⌂ Intel was originally founded in Mountain View, California in 1968 by Gordon E. ⌂ NASA used original 8086 CPUs on equipment for ground-based maintenance Moore, Robert Noyce, Arthur Rock and Max Palevsky. of the Space Shuttle Discovery until the end of the space shuttle program in ⌂ Intel's third employee was Andy Grove, a chemical engineer, who later ran the 2011. -
Defining Computers
DEFINING COMPUTERS “A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high- speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.” “A computer is a device that accepts information (in the form of digitalized data) and manipulates it for some result based on a program or sequence of instructions on how the data is to be processed.” “A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.” “A device used for computing, specially, an electronic machine which, by means of stored instructions and information, performs rapid, often complex calculations or compiles, correlates, and selects data.” “A data processor that can perform substantial computation, including numerous arithmetic and logic operations, without intervention by a human operator during the run.” “A computer is an electronic device that accepts data and instructions, processes the data according to the set of instructions, and produces the desired information.” “A computer is a device capable of solving problems by accepting data, performing described operations on the data and supplying the results of these operations.” Also refer - ANUBHA JAIN, DEEPSHIKHA BHARGAVA & DIVYA ARORA- RBD Publications Chapter No. 1 Page No. 1.1 & 1.2 A SIMPLE MODEL OF COMPUTER (FUNDAMENTALS) In this you have to explain various components of a computer system. Some are as under- 1) Monitor 2) Speakers 3) Keyboard 4) Mouse 5) Printer 6) Scanner 7) Cabinet (Consist of various components like – mother board , ram , hard disk etc.) As Shown in picture below- Also refer - ANUBHA JAIN, DEEPSHIKHA BHARGAVA & DIVYA ARORA- RBD Publications Chapter No. -
DATAPOINT ', EQUIPMENT ,\ CATALOG I Datapoint Equipment Directory Index
~ 'I , ~ I DATAPOINT ', EQUIPMENT ,\ CATALOG I Datapoint Equipment Directory Index PROCESSORS PAGE The Datapoint Processors ... .. ............ .. ............ .... ......................................... .2 Cassette 1100 Intelligent Terminal ............... ..... .. ... .. ..... .......... ... .. ................3 Diskette 1100 Intelligent Terminal ............................. ............. .. ....... ..... ....... .4 2200 Business Processor ... ........................ ... ...... ... ........... .......... ..... ..... ......... 5 5500 Advanced Business Processor .... ............................ ... .. .. .. ..... ... ... .. ....... 6 General Processor Features .............. .. ... ......... ......... ... .. ....... .... .... ... .. ............7 PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT Servo Printer .... ... ..... .. ..... ... ... ........ .... ........ ... .. ...... ...... .. .. .. .. .. ... ... ..... ......... ..... .. 8 Belt Printers ........................... ................................. ......... ... .......... .................. 9 Matrix Printers ........... ............ .... ... .... ......... ..... ... .... .. ........ .... ... .......... .. ...... .. .. 10 Line Printers ... ..... ........................................ ...... ... .. 11 Diskette Memory ...... ... ... ....... ... .... .... ... ........ ...... ........... ........ ...... .... .. ... .......... 12 Cartridge Disk ... .. .... ...... ... ... ... ..... .... .. .... .......... ... .. ... .......... ... ... ... .. ............... 13 Mass Storage Disk ....... ... .... ... ... -
A Basic Language Interpreter for the Intel 8008 Microprocessor
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN y)uuti JJUefi) 9 uiucdcs-R-7^-658 A BASIC LANGUAGE INTERPRETER FOR THE INTEL 8008 MICROPROCESSOR by Alfred C. Weaver June, 197^ Michael H. Tindall Ronald L. Danielson Uf - ^ 1974 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN URBANA, ILLIN< UIUCDCS-R-7 i+-658 A BASIC LANGUAGE INTERPRETER FOR THE INTEL 8008 MICROPROCESSOR by Alfred C. Weaver Michael H. Tindall Ronald L. Danielson June, 197^ Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois Ill ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors wish to express their appreciation to Professor James Vander Mey, who originally suggested and subsequently supervised the entire project; to Professor Thomas Wilcox, who consulted on the design of the software techniques; to Gordon Peterson, who wrote an assem- bler for a version of the Intel assembly language; and to Guy Riddle, who wrote an Intel 8008 simulator for the IBM 360/75. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/basiclanguageint658weav . 25 IV TABLE OF CONTENTS page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2 OPERATING SYSTEM k 2.1 Text Editing k 2 . Syntax Checking 6 2.3 Run-time Monitoring 7 2 . k Error Handling 7 2 . Immediately Executable Statements . „ 8 2.6 Input/ Output 8 3 . SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS 10 3.1 Syntactic Analysis 10 3.2 Semantic Analysis 13 k. LEXICAL ANALYZER AND SYMBOL TABLE 15 k.l Lexical Analyzer 15 k.2 Symbol Table Manager 17 1+.3 Symbol Table Structure 18 5 EXECUTION PACKAGE 20 6. SUMMARY o 21 APPENDIX A. -
Oral History Panel on the Development and Promotion of the Intel 8008 Microprocessor
Oral History Panel on the Development and Promotion of the Intel 8008 Microprocessor Participants: Federico Faggin Hal Feeney Ed Gelbach Ted Hoff Stan Mazor Hank Smith Moderated by: Dave House Recorded: September 21, 2006 Mountain View, California CHM Reference number: X3706.2007 © 2006 Computer History Museum Oral History Panel on Intel 8008 Microprocessor Dave House: Stan, tell us how the 8008 began. Stan Mazor: Well, in today’s personal computers, we have RAM and we have flat panel displays, but in the middle of the ‘60s, we had core memories on our minicomputers and we typically used either a teletype or a CRT terminal (cathode ray tube). We also nicknamed these “glass teletypes” because they played the role of the teletype, but they were much faster. The key ingredient to the CRT terminal in those days was the shift register; there was no RAM memory in those days. Shift register were being provided by General Microelectronics, (GME), General Instrument and some other companies. When Intel got started in 1969 in the memory business, we were designing RAM components-- and we really had no customers for them. So one of the things that we did was---to do a custom order for Datapoint (formerly Computer Terminals Corporation) who was one of the makers of a cathode ray terminal, and we made for them a 512-bit re-circulating shift register. So this gave us a ready customer and it was a type of memory product which was in use at that time. Well, Datapoint, having been in the display [terminal] business, had an idea of going into the business terminal [computer] business; in addition and they had a clever idea, which was to use the shift registers that they were already using inside the display terminal as the main memory of their computer.