The Road to Discovery: a Short History of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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Index

Page references in italics refer to information found in the fi gures and their legends.

A B Dean, Bashford, 4 Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem, 336, 337 Ballybung, 321 Demerec, Milislav, 131 Abramson, Harold, 133–134, 184–186, Baltimore, David, 194, 198 Harris, Reginald, 76 185, 186, 206 Banbury Center, 253, 261–262, 263, 268, Ponder, Eric, 103 Acosta, George, 74 288, 314 Umbarger Edwin, 208 Adams, Mark, 156, 169–170 Banta, Arthur M., 32, 50–51 origin and early development, 2–15 Addison, Thomas, 91 Bar-Sagi, Dafna, 309 takeover by the Long Island Biological Addison’s disease, 86, 86, 91–92, 340 Barbacid, Mariano, 281 Association, 69–75 Agarose gel electrophoresis, 255–256 Barford, David, 273 Billings, John Shaw, 17 Agassiz, Louis, 2 Bassett, G.C., 51–52 Biometrika, 12 Airborne Instruments Laboratory (AIL), Bateson, William, 12 Biondi, Fran, 325, 326 133 Bauer, Hans, 112 BioSupplyNet.com, 269 Airslie House, 141, 142, 319–321 Bauerle, Ronald, 219 Bishop, J. Michael, 277 Alcohol, germline effects, 51–53 Beach, David, 275–276, 275, 291–292, 309 Blackburn, Elizabeth, 273, 308, 315 Ali, Muhammed, 336, 337 Beadle, George W., 116 Blackford, Eugene, 3, 3 American Breeders Association, 34 Beckman Center, 300, 301–303, 320 Blackford Hall, 176, 205–206, 224, Ames, Amyas, 199, 199 Bell, Florence, 102 304–305, 306 Anderson, John, 303 Bell, Stephen, 294 Blakemore, Colin, 303 Anderson, Tom, 169, 173, 174 Belling, John, 59, 59, 62, 66–67, 120–121 Blakeslee, Albert, 50, 62, 114, 135, 138, 147 Anderson School, Penikese Island, 2–3 Benacerraf, Beraj, 227 becomes director of the Department of Asselbergs, Fred, 279 Benzer, Seymour, 156, 286, 301 Genetics, 44, 109 Astaire, Fred, 75 Berg, Paul, 246 photos, 32, 57, 67, 109, 122 Astbury, Bill, 102 Berget, Susan, 106, 251, 257, 310 research on Datura, 56–59 Astor, Vincent, 74 Bergner, Dorothy, 121 research on taste (PTC), 121–123 Atomic Energy Commisson (AEC), Bertani, Guiseppe, 169 vignette, 66–67 196 Betta splendens, 184, 185 Blobel, Günter, 108 Atwal, Gurinder, 331 Biological Laboratory Bodine, Joseph Hall, 78 Avery, A.G., 121 becomes Cold Spring Harbor Bodmer, Walter, 226 Avery, B.T., 121 Laboratory, 207–210 Bohr, Niels, 153, 154 Avery, Oswald, 170, 175 directors Bonhoeffer, Friedrich, 303 Axel, Richard, 281, 285, 336, 347 Chovnick, Arthur, 204 Botchan, Mike, 245, 245 Axinn, Donald Everett, 339 Conn, Herbert, 4 Botstein, David, 336 Ayres, Dill, 318 Davenport, Charles, 8 Bovie, William T., 71

361

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362 INDEX

Boyer, Herb, 243, 255, 336 directorship, 215–234 photos, 194, 199 Brainerd, James, 318 fi nancial crisis, 215–218 resigns, 208 Braucher, Pela Fay, 123, 124 fi rst impressions of Cold Spring saves inner harbor, 206 Brehme, Kitty. See Warren, Kitty Brehme Harbor, 206–207 Chow, Louis, 251, 251, 257–258, 310 Brenner, Sydney, 99, 106, 179, 211, 223, photos, 210, 213, 219, 229 Churchland, Anne, 335, 335 322 research, 210–211, 219–220, 248–249 Clarkson, Barney, 307, 308 Bridges, Calvin, 55, 100, 111–115, 112, resignation, 227–230, 233–234 Claude, Albert, 152 114, 116–118, 119 vignette, 213–214 Cline, Holly, 334, 334 Bridges, Philip, 118 Watson pays tribute to, 234 Coghill, Robert, 135 Brings, Art, 319 Cannabis, 136–137, 137 Cohen, Seymour, 169 Britten, Roy, 207 Cannon, Walter B., 9 Cohen, Stanley N., 336 Broach, Jim, 275 Carnegie, Andrew, 15 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Broker, Tom, 251, 251, 257–258 Carnegie Building, 20, 21 origins, 207–212 Bronfenbrenner, Jacques, 171 Carnegie Corporation, 88, 98 directors Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences Carnegie Desert Laboratory, 18 Cairns, John, 210 (BIAS), 7, 15, 61, 62 Carnegie Institute of Washington (CIW), Stillman, Bruce, 314 establishes Biological Laboratory at 15–17, 22, 30, 42–44, 63, 109, Watson, Jim, 234 Cold Spring Harbor, 3–4 126, 145, 153, 162, 164–165, One–hundredth anniversary, 297–299, origins, 2–3 186–187, 193, 199, 304, 344 297, 298 photos, 2 Carnegie Station for Experimental Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Association withdraws from Biological Laboratory, Evolution. See Station for (CSHLA), 75, 107, 304–305, 69, 72, 75 Experimental Evolution 307–308 Browne, Morgan, 318, 320 Caspari, Ernst, 182, 200 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Fellows Bryson, Vernon, 133–134, 133, 150, 158, Castle, William Ernest, 9, 28, 59 Program, 273 170, 194–195, 199 Castro, Bernadette, 318 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Buchkovich, Karen, 280, 295 Caudy, Amy, 328, 329 266–269, 324 Bukhari, Ahmad, 247, 247 Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi, 226 Cold Spring Harbor Protocols, 269 Bulfi eld, Graham, 268 Cell, 271 Cold Spring Harbor Whaling Museum, 144 Burbank, Luther, 26, 31–32 Cell Biology Corporation (CBC), 284 Cole Cottage, 133 Burgi, Elizabeth, 175, 220, 220 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Comb, Don, 283 Burk, Dean, 103 185–186, 186 Committee on Immigration, 41, 42 Burks, Barbara S., 126 Chadwick, C., 175 Conklin, E.G., 26 Burnet, MacFarlane, 170, 227 Chase, Martha, 172–175, 173, 174, 175, Conn, Herbert W., 4–6, 5, 77 Burridge, Keith, 281 188–189 Cooper, Geoffrey, 281 Bush, Vannevar, 45, 98, 125–126, 140, 145, Chemical Warfare Service, 149–150 Cooper, Susan, 297, 321 150, 167–168, 193, 193, 344 Childress, Jim, 299, 319, 320 Corner, George, 64, 124 Bush Lecture Hall, 98, 98, 166–168, 167, Choppin, Purnell, 195 Cotransfection, patent, 284 168, 226, 227 Chovnick, Arthur, 104, 195, 306 Couric, Katie, 336 appointed director of Biological Cowan, Max, 286 C Laboratory, 203–205 Crawford, Lionel, 280, 295 Cahn, Elise, 177 establishes Undergraduate Research Creighton, Harriet, 139, 197 Cairns, John, 235, 240, 305, 320 Program, 194, 194 Crick, Francis, 105–106, 105, 107, 223, becomes director of Cold Spring genetics research, 28–30, 33 226, 262, 270, 286, 302 Harbor Laboratory, 210–212 license for Blackford Bar, 205 CSHL. See Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

INDEX 363

CSHLA. See Cold Spring Harbor Delbrück Laboratory, 273 Dolan, Helen, 338 Laboratory Association DeLisi, Charles, 287 Donahue, Phil, 336 Cuddihy, Judy, 267 Delius, Hajo, 239–240 Dorcas Cummings Lecture, 106–108, 107, Curie, Marie, 261 Dellaporta, Stephen, 276 302, 325 Curtis, Howard, 83, 85 DeMatteis, Frederick, 339 Double Helix Medal, 335–336, 337 Demerec Laboratory, 166–167, 166, 167 Dowling, Michael, 342, 343 D Demerec, Milislav, 104, 132, 142, 156, Drosophila, 26–28, 27, 55, 56, 66, Danielli James, 87, 87 163, 166, 176, 177, 186, 195 109–111, 113, 114–118, 115, 134, Darwin, Charles, 19, 31, 142, 346 becomes director, 131 143, 147, 152, 183, 301–302 Datura stramonium, 57, 58, 59, 66–67, 121 and Calvin Bridges, 111–115 Drosophila Information Service Davenport, Charles, 37, 49, 50, 53, 54, 62, meetings and courses, 168–170 (DIS), 111–112, 115–117, 63, 77, 78, 79, 80, 87, 120, 124, photos, 110, 165 116, 117, 194 141, 145, 199, 314 plans for Cold Spring Harbor, Dulbecco, Renato, 156, 161, 162, 237, 237, appoints Reginald Harris, 76 145–153 239, 261 becomes director of the Biological recruits Alfred Hershey, 171–173 Dunn, L.C., 116, 118, 139 Laboratory, 8–15 recruits Barbara McClintock, establishes the Station for 137–141 E Experimental Evolution, 15–22 research on bacterial genetics, Eagle, Harry, 230 eugenics, 33–45, 225 178–180 East, Edward M., 31 photos, 32, 33, 69, 144 research on Drosophila, 109–111 Echols, Harrison “Hatch”, 221, 238 research in Station for Experimental retirement, 187, 198–204 Edelman, Gerald, 226 Evolution, 23, 49–61 wartime research on penicillin, Efstratiadis, Arg, 249–250 retires, 109, 144 134–136 Egeblad, Mikala, 332 vignette, 11–12, 46–47 Demerec, Zlata, 178–179 Ehrenfest, Paul, 154 Davenport, Gertrude Crotty, 10, 12, 20, Denk, Winfried, 334 Elledge, Steve, 332 33, 46 Department of Genetics Emerson, Rollins, 110, 138 Davenport House, 326 Biological Laboratory relationship, Englesberg, Ellis, 195 Davenport Laboratory, 80, 81, 82, 83, 275 152–153 ERO. See Eugenics Records Offi ce Davern, Cedric, 218, 228 Demerec’s tenure, 109–111, 152–153 Estabrook, Arthur, 43 Davidson, Norman, 251 origins, 62–63, 63 Ethidium Bromide, 255–256 Davis, Bernard, 156 status in early 1960s, 207, 208 Eugenical News, 43 Davis, Kathryn W., 336 Diamond, Jeff, 265 Eugenical Sterilization in the United States, Davis, Ron, 302, 309 Die Mutationstheorie, 19, 26 41, 41 Davson, H., 87 Dirac, Paul, 154 Eugenics Records Offi ce Day-care center, 322–324, 323 Dixon, J., 175 assimilation by Carnegie Institute of De Forest, Henry Wheeler, 141, 321 DNA double helix, 168–169, 169 Washington, 42 De Forest Stables, 323 DNA Learning Center (DNALC), 264–266, closing of, 43–45 De Lucia, Paula, 214, 248, 249 297, 317, 324 fi eld work, 37–41, 37, 38, 39, 40 De Vries, Hugo, 19, 19, 20, 26, 32 Dobzhansky, Theodosius, 111–112, Harry Laughlin, superintendent, 36, Dean, Bashford, 4, 77 142–143, 176, 183, 194 36, 41–42 Delbrück, Manny, 155, 171 Doermann, Gus, 159, 171, 176 Mrs. Harriman’s gift, 35 Delbrück, Max, 129, 152–157, 154, 155, Dohrn, Anton, 1 origin, 34–35 157, 168–170, 171, 188, 211, 227, Dolan Hall, 300, 301 societal issues, 41–42 236, 239, 270 Dolan, Charles, 338 Experiments in Molecular Genetics, 267

364 INDEX

F Graham, Angus, 169 photos, 76, 77, 93, 96 Feramisco, Jim, 281–282 282 Grandin, Temple, 336, 337 physiology and endocrine research Field, Marshall, 74, 75, 78 Great Depression, effects on laboratory, program, 85–87 Fink, Gerry, 274 89–90 Reginald G. Harris Lecture, 107 Fire, Andy, 332 Green, Melvin, 111 Hartford, George Huntington, 253 Fish, Harold, 69 Greenberg, Maurice “Hank”, 336 Hartman, Philip, 179–180 Fisher, R.A., 126, 142 Greider, Carol, 273, 308, 308, 315, 323 Hartman, Zlata, 179 Foothills, J.C., 100, 102 Grodzicker, Terri, 245, 245, 268, 272, Haskins, Caryl, 193, 199 Ford, Nancy, 267 311, 324 Hayes, William, 191 Fox, Arthur, 121 Gross, Julian, 214 Healy, Bernadine, 312, 313, 313–314 Fox, Michael J., 336, 337 Gross, Ludwik, 236 Heckscher, August, 74 Franza, Bob, 284 Gross, Marilyn, 214 Heisenberg, Werner, 154 Freyer, Greg, 265, 265 Grout, A.J., 126–127 Heitz, Emil, 112 Frick, Childs, 74 Grover, Bill, 299, 319, 320 Herr, Winship, 280, 317, 328 Fricke, Hugo, 82–84, 84, 85, 89, 126–127 Grueter, F., 124 Hershey, Alfred, 104, 169, 171–176, 172, Fritsch, Ed, 267 Grunberg-Manago, Marianne, 105 173, 174, 175, 188–189, 197, 197, Futcher, Bruce, 308 Gunsalus, Irwin Clyde, 230 211, 219–221, 228, 235–236, Guthart Tower, 339 236, 247 G Hershey, Jill, 236 Gager, Charles, 67 H Herskowitz, Ira, 274 Galton, Francis, 12, 18, 18, 46 Hackel, Emanuel, 100 HGP. See Human Genome Project Garen, Alan, 169–170, 175, 175 Haldane, J.B.S., 126 Hicks, Jim, 273–276, 274 Garrels, Jim, 283–284, 284 Hall, Ira, 329 Hill, A.V., 95 Gelinas, Rich, 251, 257–258 Hall, Zach, 286 Hillside Campus, 338–340, 338, 339, 340 Genentech Center, 321 Hammond, John, 86 Hirt, Bernhard, 239 Genes & Development, 268–269, 324 Hanahan, Doug, 278–279, 278 Hockfi eld, Susan, 286–288, 288, 299 Genome Center, 330 Handler, Philip, 249 Hodgkin, Alan, 106 Genome Mapping and Sequencing meeting, Hannon, Greg, 331, 332, 340, 349 Hodgkin, Dorothy, 261 271, 271 Harley, Calvin, 308 Hoffman, Marie, 253 Genome Research, 268–269 Harlow, Ed, 280, 280, 295–296 Hogben, Lancelot, 126 Gensel, Susan. See Cooper, Susan Harriman, Edwin H., 35, 74 Hood, Lee, 226 Gershenson, S., 116 Harris, J. Arthur, 32, 53, 53, 62 Hooper Cottage, 131 Gesteland, Ray, 228, 232, 240, 250–251, Harris, June, 91 Hooper, Franklin W., 3–4, 3, 6 257, 275 Harris, Reginald, 60, 105, 109, 126, 127, Hope, Jim, 305 Gilbert, Walter, 231, 270, 270 132, 210 Hotchkiss, Rollin, 155, 170 Gilman, Mike, 309 biophysics research program, 82–84, Huang, Josh, 335 Glass, Bentley, 229, 231, 232 87, 132, 227, 234 Hubel, David, 286 Gluzman, Yakov, 277–278, 278 death, 103 Hudspeth, Jim, 286 Goldschmidt, Richard, 181 directorship of the Biological Human Genome Project (HGP) 263, 272, Goose Island, 49–50, 50 Laboratory, 76–90 299, 330 Gowen, John W., 85 establishes the Symposia, 93–97, 99, controversy at 1986 Symposium, Grace, Oliver, 98 102–103 269–270, 270 Grace Auditorium, 98, 99, 268, manages fi nances, 78–82, 88–90, Dulbecco’s speech at CSHL, 260–261, 304, 317 252–253 260

INDEX 365

Watson becomes director of HGP, Kimura, Motoo, 100 Livingston, David, 294 288–290, 290 King, James, 183, 195 Long Island Biological Association (LIBA) Watson resigns from HGP, 311–313, King, Mary-Claire, 336, 337 later contributions, 304–306 313 Kinney, Justin, 331 origins, 72, 76, 303 Hybrid vigor, 25, 25 Klar, Amar, 274, 275 research interests, 153 Klingenstein, John, 299 supporters, 72, 74, 106, 107, 108, I Koch, David, 336, 339 303–304 Information theory, 125–126, 125 Kornberg, Arthur, 213, 248 takeover of Biological Laboratory, Inglis, John, 267, 268 Koulakov, Alex, 331 69–76, 78, 344 Ingraham, Laura, 220 Krainer, Adrian, 273, 341, 341 Lowe, Scott, 332, 332, 340 Innocence Project, 264 Krasnitz, Alexander, 331 LSD, 184–186, 185, 186 Iossifov, Ivan, 331 Kress, Jack, 313 Lucito, Robert, 347 Kuffl er, Stephen, 106, 286 Luke, David, 305, 305, 328 Kurtz, David, 281 Lukins, Bruce, 274 J Luria, Salvador, 129, 152–156, 154, 161, Jackson Laboratory, 61, 208 L 169, 188, 200, 202–203, 202, 236 Jackson, David, 333 Lander, Eric, 264, 272 Lutz, Anne, 2–28, 26, 66 Jacob, François, 106, 147, 180, 221, 224, 271 Lane, David, 296 Lutz, Frank E., 22, 27, 27–28, 55, 57 James, Walter B., 80 Lansing, Sherry, 336 Lwoff, André, 270 James Laboratory, 80–81, 81, 83, 201, 203, Lauder, Evelyn, 336, 337 Lynch, Clare J., 120 204, 232, 240, 260, 304, 319 Laughlin, Harry, 36–37, 36, 38, 41–45, 46–47 Jennings, Herbert Spencer, 9, 43, 74 Lazarides, Elias, 245–246 M Jerne, Niels, 105, 225–226 Learning & Memory, 268 MacCarthy, Shane, 335 Johnson, Albert, 42 Lederberg, Joshua, 104, 106, 182 MacDowell, E. Carleton, 39–41, 52–53, Jones, D.F., 25 Lee, Wen-Hwa, 280, 295 52, 119–120, 120, 141, 144–145, Jones, John D., 3, 4, 6, 141, 344 Lele, Abhjeet, 296 163, 165 Jones, Townsend, Jr., 4, 15 Lemonade stand, 254 Macy, Josiah, Jr., 133 Jones, Walter R.T., 4 Lengyel, Peter, 219 Mainen, Zach, 334–335 Jones, William, 141 Leukemia, 119–120 Malinow, Robert, 334 Jones Laboratory, 6, 8, 206, 265, 285–286, Levan, Albert, 121 Malmberg, Russ, 276 287, 288, 297 Levinson, Art, 336, 337 Mandell, Joseph, 213 Levy, Dan, 331 Maniatis, Tom, 249–250, 249, 250, K Lewin, Ben, 251–252, 271 259, 267 Kahn, Otto H., 73, 74 Lewis, E.B., 104, 129, 152 Marcus, Philip, 238 Kalckar, Herman M., 155 Lewis, Herman, 224 Margolin, Paul, 195, 211, 218–219 Kandel, Eric, 286, 299 LIBA. See Long Island Biological Maroney, John, 284 Kaufmann, Berwind, 116, 145, 163, 180, Association Marshak, Dan, 279 198, 198, 203, 207 Lin, Jerry, 309 Martienssen, Robert, 276, 333, 333, Keller, Evelyn Fox, 182 Lindegren, Carl, 104 350–351 Keller, Walter, 240 Lindsay, Mary, 323–324, 336, 337 Matheson, Marjorie A., 339 Kelner, Albert, 158, 158, 159, 160–162, Lineweaver, Hans, 103 Matheson, William, 78, 339 160, 162, 178 Lippman, Zach, 333 Matthews, Mike, 268, 279, 279 Kepees, Adam, 335 Lisitsyn, Nikolai, 309, 309, 347 Mayr, Ernst, 100, 142–143, 143, 308 Khorana, Gobind, 105, 223 Little, Clarence Cook, 59–61, 59, 60, 76 McCarty, Maclyn, 170, 175

366 INDEX

McClintock, Barbara Mullis, Kary, 270, 270 Osterhout, W.J.V., 82 move to Cold Spring harbor, 137–141, Murphy, Robert Cushman, 150 Ozanne, Brad, 256 138, 140 Museum of Comparative Zoology, 2 Nobel Prize, 261 Musical talent, inheritance of, 40 P photos, 139, 181, 197, 262, 350 Muthuswamy, Lakshmi, 347–348 Paddison, Patrick, 329 research, 111, 129, 145, 146–147, Page, David, 272 162–163, 197–198, 198, 219, 221, Page, Jan, 304 228, 275–276, 333 N Page, Walter, 199, 304, 306–307 symposium talk, 106, 181–182, 182 Nash, John, 336, 337 Page Motel, 299, 300 McClintock Laboratory, 286, 305 National Academy of Sciences, Painter, Theophilus, 112, 113 McCombie, Dick, 330–331, 330, 333, 335 Genetic Effects of Atomic Pardee, Arthur, 229 McCulloch, Oscar, 43 Radiation committee Patterson, Paul, 303 McDonald, Margaret, 173 members, 196 Pearl, Raymond, 43 McElbeny, Victor, 263 National Cancer Act, 244, 244 Pearson, Karl, 12, 18, 18 McElroy, William D., 200 Nawa, Hiroyuki, 302 Penicillin, 135–137, 136, 159 McKay, Ron, 287–288, 287, 299 Neal, Herbert Vincent, 9 Penikese Island, 2 Melechen, Norman, 175 Neel, James, 143–144, 144 Pfi ffner, Joseph John, 86, 86, 88, 91–92 Mellow, Craig, 332 Nethermuir, 141 Pfl ugrath, Jim, 302 Merriam, John C., 44–45 Neufeld, Peter, 264, 264, 336, 337 Phage course, 153–158, 155, 157, 170–171, Mertz, Janet, 246 Nicholls, Jamie, 325, 337 171 Meselson, Matthew, 106, 211, 219, 220, Nicholls, John, 286 Phage group, 153–158, 154, 155, 157 336, 337 Nicholls Biondi Hall, 325 Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), taste studies, Metz, Charles, 55, 55, 56, 62, 109–110 Nichols, Acosta, 74, 79–80 121–122, 122 Micklos, Dave, 265, 265 Nichols, George Lane, 80 Photoreactivation, discovery, 158, 160–162, Miller, Bill, 305, 305 Nichols Building, 80 160, 178 Miller, Jeffrey, 267 Nirenberg, Marshall, 222–223, 286 Pollack, Robert, 245–247, 247 Mills, Alea, 332, 332 Nixon, Richard, 244, 244 Pollan, Tracy, 336, 337 Mitra, Partha, 331, 335 Nobel Prizes, CSHL Pollock, Mila, 321–322 Molecular Biology of the Gene, 274 1969, Alfred Hershey, 235–236, Polymerase chain reaction, 269 Molecular Case Studies, 269 236 Ponder, Eric, 118, 132 Molecular Cloning, 259, 259, 267, 269 1983, Barbara McClintock, 261, 262 appointed director of the Biological Monod, Jacques, 105, 147, 180, 221, 271 1993, Richard Roberts, 252, 299, Laboratory, 126–127 Moore, Charles, 318–319, 319 310–311, 310 investigator in the Biological Moore, Claire, 257 2009, Carol Greider, 273 Laboratory, 84 Morgan, J.P., 74 Norville, Deborah, 336 photo, 127 Morgan, T.H., 26, 28, 43, 55, 67, 74, Novick, Aaron, 156, 169 resigns, 131 111–112, 117–118 Noyes, Julia, 141 Symposia topics, 103 Morrison, Philip, 156 Nurse, Paul, 274, 291 Powers, Scott, 280, 282 Moser, Hermann, 195, 198 Prelich, Greg, 279 Motulsky, Arno, 226 O Prentis, Steve, 263, 267 Mulder, Carol, 239 Ochoa, Severo, 219, 222–223 Prolactin, discovery, 64, 124 Muller, Hermann, 67, 111, 116–117, O’Farrell, Pat, 283 Protein Databases, Inc., 283 129, 183 Origin of Species, 19 Ptashne, Mark, 249

INDEX 367

PTC. See Phenylthiocarbamide Rockefeller Foundation, 88, 92 replacement, 56, 67 Pulling, Ed, 304, 304, 307–308 ROMA. See Representational Siamese fi ghting fi sh, 184,185 oligonucleotide microarray Siepel, Adam, 331 Q analysis Silva, Alcino, 302, 302, 309 Quick, Jean, 339 Rous, Peyton, 236 Silverstein, Saul, 281, 285 Quick, Leslie, 339 Russell, Wendy Vander Poel, 323 Simons, James, 331, 336, 345 Quinn, Chip, 301–302 Ryan, Francis, 209 Simons, Marilyn, 331, 336, 345 Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, R S 331 Raff, Martin, 303 Salant, William, 86 Sinsheimer, Robert, 288–289 Randall, John, 87 Sambrook, Joe, 238, 238, 240–241, Skaar, Palmer D., 195 RAS oncogenes, 281–283, 309 242, 244, 256, 259–260, 260, Skalka, Anna Marie, 221, 221 Rashevsky, N., 87 267, 304 Slatis, Herman, 226 Rb, 280, 295 Sambrook Laboratory, 288 SMA. See Spinal muscular atrophy Red hair, inheritance of, 143–144, 144 Samet, Roger, 283 Smithies, Oliver, 226 Reginald G. Harris Lecture, 107 Samuels, Bernice, 133 Solomon, Andrew, 336, 337 Rein, Alan, 194 Sand Spit, 141, 158, 206 Soref, Carly, 336 Representational difference analysis Sanger, Fred, 106 Spector, David, 317, 317, 332 (RDA), 309, 347 Sato, Gordon, 238 Sperry, Roger, 286 Representational oligonucleotide Schalet, Abraham, 195 Speyer, Joseph, 218–219, 228 microarray analysis (ROMA), Schatz, Michael, 331 Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), 341 347 Scheck, Barry, 264, 336, 337 Sprague, George F., 32 Restriction endonucleases, 255–256 Schenley Laboratories, 158, 159 Stadler, Lewis, 139 Retinoblastoma gene, 294–295 Schiff. Mortimer, 74, 78, 79 Stahl, Franklin, 106 Rhoades, Marcus, 138 Schmidt, Mott, 253 Station for Experimental Evolution (SEE) Richards, Eric, 273 Schultz, J., 116 Carnegie Building, 20, 21 Richards, Jack, 319, 320 Sciara coprophila, 109 Department for Experimental Richards Building, 319 Sebat, Jonathan, 347–348 Evolution name change, 29–30 Riddle, Oscar, 53–54, 54, 64–65, 123–125, SEE. See Station for Experimental Department of Genetics name change, 144–145 Evolution 62–63, 63 RNA interference, 340, 349, 350 Shall, Sydney, 291 integration of institutions, 61–62 RNA splicing, 251, 252 Shannon, Claude, 125–126, 125 origins, 18–20 Roberts, Dick, 207 Sharp, Phil, 106, 240–241, 242, 251–252, research program, 22–30, 49–61 Roberts, Fran, 265 255–257, 310, 336 staffi ng, 22 Roberts, Rich, 106, 247–248, 248, 251– Shatz, Carla, 303 Stazione Zoologica, 1 252, 258, 260, 264, 265, 284–285, Sherman, Fred, 274 Steggerda, Morris, 144–145, 145 299, 310, 310, 311–312 Shodell, Michael, 263 Stein, Lincoln, 330 Roberts, Robin, 336, 337 Shope, Richard, 236 Steinberg, Arthur, 114 Robertson, Charles, 253–254, 253, Shull, George H., 22 Stent, Gunther, 156, 286–287 261–262, 308 biography, 32 Stern, Curt, 116 Robertson, Marie, 253, 253 Burbank collaboration, 26 Stevens, Charles, 299 Robertson, William, 299 hybrid corn studies, 23–26, 24, 25, Stewart, David, 324, 324 Robertson estate. See Banbury Center 31–32 Stewart, John J.H., 4

368 INDEX

Stillman, Bruce, 317, 318, 321, 324, 328, 338 Szilard, Leo, 156, 172 Verde, Emiliano Rial, 329 affi liation with North Shore–LIJ Health Szostak, Jack, 273, 315 Vicari, Emilia, 53 System, 342–343, 343 Szybalski, Waclaw, 180–181, 181 Visconti, Niccolo, 170, 175, 176 arrives at Cold Spring Harbor Szybalski Reading Room, 181, 322 Vogt, Marguerite, 170 Laboratory, 279 becomes director, 311–314 T W photos, 279, 314, 337, 343 T antigen, 277–279, 294 Wallace, Bruce, 183, 195 research leadership, 330–335 Tank, David, 334 Walter, Herbert E., 13 vignette, 293–294 Tatum, Edward, 106, 200, 200, 211, Ward, Barbara, 324 Stockard, Charles, 52 228–230, 228, 229, 305–306 Ware, Doreen, 330, 330, 334 Strathern, Jeff, 273–275, 273 Taylor, Ellen, 220 Warmke, Harry, 135–137, 137 Stricker, P., 124 Telomerase, 308–309, 315 War on Cancer, 244–245, 244 Strong, Leonell C., 60–61 Thomas, Elizabeth, 329 Warren, Charles, 118 Sturtevant, Alfred, 55, 116 Thomas, Marlo, 336, 337 Warren, Kitty Brehme, 100, 102, 118, Sugden, Bil, 241, 256, 327 Tiffany, Louis, 74 118, 119 Sulston, John, 289 Tijan, Robert, 277, 277 Watson School of Biological Sciences Sundaresan, Venkatesan, 276 Timmerman, Marja, 333, 333 (WSBS), 328–329, 329, 339 SV40, 237, 240–241, 243–247, 243, 270, Timofeev-Ressovsky, N., 116, 153 Watson, James, 106, 211, 216, 229, 253, 277–280, 295 Tjio, Joe Hin, 121 259, 284–285, 317, 318, 321, 322, Svedberg, T., 95 Tolia, Niraj, 329 324, 336, 338 Svoboda, Karel, 334, 334 Tonegawa, Susumu, 226, 302 becomes director, 230–233 Swingle, Wilbur Willis, 86, 86, 88, 89, Tonks, Nick, 273, 309, 309, 332, 340–341 change of leadership, 311–314 91–92, 158, 340 The Trait Book, 37–38, 37, 38 and Charles Robertson, 253–254, Symonds, M., 175 Tully, Tim, 302 261–262, 308 Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 7–108, Tumor virus group, 237–244, 260, 277–280 confl ict with Trustees, 306–307 128 Tumor virus meetings, 271–272, 271 expands education programs, discussion of Human Genome Project, Tuveson, David, 332, 342, 342 261–272 269–270 Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, fi rst impressions of Cold Spring Dorcas Cummings Lecture and dinner 282–283 Harbor, 156 parties, 106–108 Human Genome Project, 288–290, early fi nancial support, 97–98 U 299, 311–313 established by Reginald Harris, 90, Udry, Bill, 318 and John Cairns, 211, 216, 234, 248 93–94 Umbarger, Edwin, 104, 218, 222 Phage course, 155–157 fi nancial importance, 99–100,165, 221, Urey, Harold, 102 photos, 169, 235, 272, 290, 320 227 Urey Cottage, 267, 338–339 recombinant DNA, 247, 250 J.C. Foothills (alias Kitty Brehme talks on the double helix, 168, 169 Warren), 100, 102 V tumor virus program, 235–240, 260 Jim Watson talks on double helix, Vakoc, Charles, 332, 340, 340, 341 War on Cancer, 244–245 168–169 Van Aelst, Linda, 309 Watson School of Biological Sciences, reception of Barbara McClintock’s Vanderbilt, William K., 73, 74, 78, 79 327–328 work, 181–182, 197 Varmus, Harold, 277, 336, 337 Watson, Liz, 253, 318, 318, 321 snapshots of participants, 100, 101 Vector Van, 265, 265 Wawepex Building, 79, 83 Symposia volumes, 98–100 Vellucci, Al, 249 Wawepex Society, 4, 6, 15, 20, 72, 75–76, topics, 102–105, 132, 169, 221–227, 269 Venter, J. Craig, 312, 336 210, 344

INDEX 369

Weber, Klaus, 245, 246 Witkowski, Jan, 267 Y Weber, Mary, 245 Wojcicki, Anne, 336 Yeast, research focus, 273–276 Weinberg, Robert, 281 Wollman, Seymour, 156 York, Harlan H., 59 Weldon, William, 12 Woods Hole, Marine Biological Laboratory, Young, J.Z., 87 Werner, Rudolph, 240 2, 17–18, 69, 71, 95, 345 Westphal, Heiner, 239 Wright, Bob, 336, 337 Z Whitman, C.O., 2, 53, 64 Wright, Elizabeth H., 59 Zador, Tony, 334–335, 335 Whyte, Peter, 280, 295 Wright, Sewall, 74, 126, 129, 142 Zhong, Yi, 302 Wiesel, Torsten, 286 Wright, Suzanne, 336, 337 Zimmer, Karl, 153 Wigler, Mike, 281–283, 281, 285, 309, 309, Wrinch, Dorothy, 87, 88 Zinder, Norton, 169, 182, 191, 330–331, 335–336, 347–348 WSBS. See Watson School of Biological 211, 231 Wilson, E.O., 254 Sciences Zipser, Birgit, 287–288, 288, 299 Witkin, Evelyn, 170, 176–178, 176, Wu, Ray, 220 Zipser, David, 247 190–191, 193–194 Wyngaarden, Jim, 288 Zwilling, Edgar, 200