Figure 4: Male and Female Nobel (And Economics) Laureates, by Subject, 1901–2014 (Change Since 2008)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Figure 4: Male and female Nobel (and economics) laureates, by subject, 1901–2014 (change since 2008) 1 Economics 74 Women 16 Men Peace 87 13 Literature 98 3.5 Chemistry 164 1.5 Physics 196 11 Medicine 196 0 50 100 150 200 Note: Marie Curie is split between physics and chemistry (0.5/0.5); John Bardeen (Physics twice) and Fred Sanger (Chemistry twice) are counted only once. After this graph was rst published in 2009 ve women were prize winners in just one year. Source: http://nobelprize.org/index.html Specically: http://stats.areppim.com/stats/stats_nobel_sexxcat.htm Increase in the number of prizes awarded in 2009-2014 compared to 1901-2008 (%) Medicine Physics Chemistry Literature Peace Economics Total Change, men 7% 9% 10% 4% 4% 19% 8% Change, women 38% 0% 40% 18% 33% Innite 31% Women awarded a Nobel prize 1901–2014 Physics Peace Literature 1903 – Marie Curie 1905 – Bertha von Suttner 1909 – Selma Lagerlöf 1963 – Maria Goeppert-Mayer 1931 – Jane Addams 1926 – Grazia Deledda 1946 – Emily Greene 1928 – Sigrid Undset Chemistry Balch 1938 – Pearl Buck 1911 – Marie Curie 1976 – Mairead Corrigan 1945 – Gabriela Mistral 1935 – Irène Joliot-Curie 1976 – Betty Williams 1966 – Nelly Sachs 1964 – Dorothy Crowfoot 1979 – Mother Teresa 1991 – Nadine Gordimer Hodgkin 1982 – Alva Myrdal 1993 – Toni Morrison Physiology or Medicine 1991 – Aung San Suu Kyi 1996 – Wislawa Szymborska 1947 – Gerty Cori 1992 – Rigoberta Menchú 2004 – Elfriede Jelinek 1977 – Rosalyn Yalow Tum 2007 – Doris Lessing 1983 – Barbara McClintock 1997 – Jody Williams 2013 – Alice Munro 1986 – Rita Levi-Montalcini 2003 – Shirin Ebadi 1988 – Gertrude B Elion 2004 – Wangari Maathai Prizes awarded to women 1995 – Christiane Nüsslein- 2011 – Ellen Johnson in 2009 Volhard Sirleaf Elizabeth Blackburn – Medicine 2004 – Linda B Buck 2011 – Leymah Gbowee Carol Greider – Medicine 2008 – Françoise Barré- 2011 – Tawakel Karman Ada Yonath – Chemistry Sinoussi 2014 – Malala Yousafzai Herta Müller – Literature 2014 – May-Britt Moser Elinor Ostrom – Economics.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Alfred Nobel
www.bibalex.org/bioalex2004conf The BioVisionAlexandria 2004 Conference Newsletter November 2003 Volume 1, Issue 2 BioVisionAlexandria ALFRED NOBEL 2004 aims to celebrate the The inventor, the industrialist outstanding scientists and scholars, in a he Nobel Prize is one of the highest distinctions recognized, granting its winner century dominated by instant fame. However, many do not know the interesting history and background technological and T that led to this award. scientific revolutions, through its It all began with a chemist, known as Alfred Nobel, born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1833. Nobel Day on 3 April Alfred Nobel moved to Russia when he was eight, where his father, Immanuel Nobel, 2004! started a successful mechanical workshop. He provided equipment for the Russian Army and designed naval mines, which effectively prevented the British Royal Navy from moving within firing range of St. Petersburg during the Crimean War. Immanuel Nobel was also a pioneer in the manufacture of arms, and in designing steam engines. INSIDE Scientific awards .........3 Immanuel’s success enabled him to Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, the Italian Confirmed laureates ....4 Lady laureates ............7 provide his four sons with an excellent chemist who had invented Nitroglycerine education in natural sciences, languages three years earlier. Nitroglycerine, a and literature. Alfred, at an early age, highly explosive liquid, was produced by acquired extensive literary knowledge, mixing glycerine with sulfuric and nitric mastering many foreign languages. His acid. It was an invention that triggered a Nobel Day is interest in science, especially chemistry, fascination in the young scientist for many dedicated to many of was also apparent.
[Show full text]
Changing the Face of Medicine Site Support Notebook—Contents Page
Changing the Face of Medicine Site Support Notebook—Contents Page (Note: The Site Support Notebook is also available at http://www.ala.org/publicprograms/changingthefaceofmedicine Click on “Site Support Notebook” ) Instructions for assembling exhibition units and replacing panels, and detailed instructions for operating the interactive kiosks will be distributed separately for later insertion into this notebook. Front notebook pocket: Information on The National Library of Medicine Front manila insert: Workshop agenda (front) ; coordinator contact list (back) Back notebook pocket: ALA Public Programs brochure; Cultural Programs survey; application forms for ALA Jewish literature reading and discussion program Section 1 (blue tab)----General Section 3 (green)-Programming Troubleshooting 1 Exhibition support materials 24 Exhibition itinerary 2 Exhibition themes 25 Electronic discussion list Programming ideas 26 for exhibit coordinators 4 Grants for programming 28 Security and insurance 5 Telling legislators 5 Section 4 (yellow)----Resources Americans with Disabilities Act 6 Books and videos 29 Web sites 30 Section 2 (clear)------ Publicity Films 31 (This section is also on CD and online) Exhibition text 32 Official exhibition credits 7 Publicity approval 8 Section 5 (red) --------Logistics Permitted publicity images 8 Exhibit shipping and receiving 54 PR image captions & credits 9 Exhibition/kiosk Guidelines for image use 10 condition report form 55 PR to announce library selection 11 Final report form 60 Calendar listing/media alert 13
[Show full text]
Know About These Women Scientists?
Know About These Women Scientists? SHOILI PAL 1. How many women have 7. Jane Goodall is the got the Nobel Prize till world’s leading Knowledge date? expert on which a) 24 animal? b) 3 4 a) Crabs c) 44 b) Chimpanzees d) 54 c) Storks d) Ants 2. In what branch of science did Nobel Laureate Barbara McClintock work? a) Astrophysics b) Genetics 8. Who is considered to be Test Your Test c) Inorganic Chemistry d) Neurology the world’s first computer programmer? 3. Caroline a) George Stibitz Herschel b) Grace Hopper was the c) Charles Babbage first woman d) Augusta Ada King to find which heavenly object? 9. Who developed the first a) A planet compiler for a computer b) A satellite programming language, c) A galaxy instrumental for d) A comet developing COBOL? a) Grace Hopper b) Charles Babbage c) Augusta Ada King d) George Stibitz 4. Who was the first woman in space? a) Kathryn D. Sullivan 10. Ada Yonath is known for her b) Svetlana Savitskaya work on which of the c) Sally Ride following? d) Valentina Tereshkova a) Ribosomes b) Telescopes c) Semiconductors 5. Who was the first civilian d) Animal Conservation in space? a) Judith Resnik b) Valentina Tereshkova c) Yuri Gagarin 11.Which of the d) Neil Armstrong following children’s authors was also an expert on fungi? 6. Who was the first woman a) Beatrix Potter to be granted a patent by b) J.K. Rowling the USPTA? c) Holly Black a) Ellen Ochoa d) Enid Blyton b) Grace Hopper c) Mary Kies d) Sarah Boone SCIENCE REPORTER, JANUARY 2012 24 Point Counterpoint 17.
[Show full text]
Crucible of Science: the Story of the Cori Laboratory
Crucible of Science This page intentionally left blank Crucible of Science THE STORY OF THE CORI LABORATORY JOHN H. EXTON 3 3 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Th ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 © Oxford University Press 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitt ed, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitt ed by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. CIP data is on fi le at the Library of Congress ISBN 978–0–19–986107–1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Dedicated to Charles Rawlinson (Rollo) Park This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments ix I n t r o d u c t i o n xi 1.
[Show full text]
Barbara Mcclintock
Barbara McClintock Lee B. Kass and Paul Chomet Abstract Barbara McClintock, pioneering plant geneticist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983, is best known for her discovery of transposable genetic elements in corn. This chapter provides an overview of many of her key findings, some of which have been outlined and described elsewhere. We also provide a new look at McClintock’s early contributions, based on our readings of her primary publications and documents found in archives. We expect the reader will gain insight and appreciation for Barbara McClintock’s unique perspective, elegant experiments and unprecedented scientific achievements. 1 Introduction This chapter is focused on the scientific contributions of Barbara McClintock, pioneering plant geneticist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of transposable genetic elements in corn. Her enlightening experiments and discoveries have been outlined and described in a number of papers and books, so it is not the aim of this report to detail each step in her scientific career and personal life but rather highlight many of her key findings, then refer the reader to the original reports and more detailed reviews. We hope the reader will gain insight and appreciation for Barbara McClintock’s unique perspective, elegant experiments and unprecedented scientific achievements. Barbara McClintock (1902–1992) was born in Hartford Connecticut and raised in Brooklyn, New York (Keller 1983). She received her undergraduate and graduate education at the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University. In 1923, McClintock was awarded the B.S.
[Show full text]
Selma Lagerlof Mårbacka , 1858 - 1940 )
1903 Marie Curie (Polonia, 1867- Francia 1934), FISICA/FISIKA 1905 Bertha von Suttner (Praga, j Viena, j1914 ), PAZ/PAKEA 1909 Selma Lagerlof Mårbacka , 1858 - 1940 ), LITERATURA Marie Curie (Polonia, 1867- Francia , 1934), KIMIKA/QUIMICA 1911 1926 Grazia Deledda (Cerdeña, 1871 - Roma, 1936) LITERATURA Sigrid Undset (Dinamarca , 1882 -Lillehammer , 1949 ) LITERATURA 1928 Jane Addams (Illinois, 1860—Chicago, 1935) PAKEA/PAZ 1935 Irène Joliot-Curie (Francia, 1897/ 1956), KIMIKA/QUÍMICA Pearl S. Buck (West Virginia , 1892 Vermont , 1973 ) LITERATURA 1945 Gabriela Mistral (Chile, 1889 - Estados Unidos, 1957) LITERATURA 1946 Emily Greene Balch (Estados Unidos 1867 - 1961 ) PAZ/PAKEA 1947 Gerty Cori (Estados Unidos 1896 – 21957 ) MEDIKUNTZA/MEDICINA 1963 María Goeppert-Mayer Katowice, 1906 - California, 1972), FISICA /FISIKA Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin 1964 (Inglaterra, 1910 - 1994) QUIMICA/KIMIKA 1966. Nelly Sachs Alemania , 1891 - Suecia ,1970 ) LITERATURA 1976 Betty Williams ( Belfast , Irlanda del Norte 1943 ) PAKEA/PAZ 1976 Mairead Maguire (Belfast , Irlanda del Norte , 1944 ) PAZ/PAKEA Rosalyn Yalow (EE. UU 1921 - 2011) MEDIKUNTZA/MEDICINA 1977 Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu 1979 (Teresa de Calcuta) (Macedonia, 1910- India, 1997) PAZ/PAKEA 1982 Alva Myrdal Relmer (1902 – 1986 ) PAZ/PAKEA Barbara McClintock 1983 (Estados Unidos, 1902- 1992) MEDIKUNTZA/MEDICINA 1986 Rita Levi-Montalcini (Italia, 1909- 1986). MEDIKUNTZA/MEDICINA Gertrude B. Elion 1988 (Estados Unidos, 1918 - 1999), MEDIKUNTZA/MEDICINA Aung San Suu Kyi 1991 (Burma, 1945) PAZ/PAKEA 1991
[Show full text]
Appendix E Nobel Prizes in Nuclear Science
Nuclear Science—A Guide to the Nuclear Science Wall Chart ©2018 Contemporary Physics Education Project (CPEP) Appendix E Nobel Prizes in Nuclear Science Many Nobel Prizes have been awarded for nuclear research and instrumentation. The field has spun off: particle physics, nuclear astrophysics, nuclear power reactors, nuclear medicine, and nuclear weapons. Understanding how the nucleus works and applying that knowledge to technology has been one of the most significant accomplishments of twentieth century scientific research. Each prize was awarded for physics unless otherwise noted. Name(s) Discovery Year Henri Becquerel, Pierre Discovered spontaneous radioactivity 1903 Curie, and Marie Curie Ernest Rutherford Work on the disintegration of the elements and 1908 chemistry of radioactive elements (chem) Marie Curie Discovery of radium and polonium 1911 (chem) Frederick Soddy Work on chemistry of radioactive substances 1921 including the origin and nature of radioactive (chem) isotopes Francis Aston Discovery of isotopes in many non-radioactive 1922 elements, also enunciated the whole-number rule of (chem) atomic masses Charles Wilson Development of the cloud chamber for detecting 1927 charged particles Harold Urey Discovery of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) 1934 (chem) Frederic Joliot and Synthesis of several new radioactive elements 1935 Irene Joliot-Curie (chem) James Chadwick Discovery of the neutron 1935 Carl David Anderson Discovery of the positron 1936 Enrico Fermi New radioactive elements produced by neutron 1938 irradiation Ernest Lawrence
[Show full text]
Earl W. Sutherland Lecture Earl W
EARL W. SUTHERLAND LECTURE EARL W. SUTHERLAND LECTURE The Earl W. Sutherland Lecture Series was established by the SPONSORED BY: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics in 1997 DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS to honor Dr. Sutherland, a former member of this department and winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. This series highlights important advances in cell signaling. MICHAEL S. BROWN, M.D NOBEL LAUREATE IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE 1985 SPEAKERS IN THIS SERIES HAVE INCLUDED: SCAP: ANATOMY OF A MEMBRANE STEROL SENSOR Edmond H. Fischer (1997) Alfred G. Gilman (1999) Ferid Murad (2001) Louis J. Ignarro (2003) APRIL 25, 2013 Paul Greengard (2007) 4:00 P.M. 208 LIGHT HALL Eric Kandel (2009) Roger Tsien (2011) FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT: Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics 738 Ann and Roscoe Robinson Medical Research Building Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN 37232-0615 Tel 615.322.7001 [email protected] EARL W. SUTHERLAND, 1915-1974 MICHAEL S. BROWN, M.D. REGENTAL PROFESSOR Earl W. Sutherland grew up in Burlingame, Kansas, a small farming community that nourished his love for the outdoors and fishing, which he retained throughout DIRECTOR OF THE JONSSON CENTER FOR MOLECULAR GENETICS UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS his life. He graduated from Washburn College in 1937 and then received his M.D. SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER AT DALLAS from Washington University School of Medicine in 1942. After serving as a medi- NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE, 1985 cal officer during World War II, he returned to Washington University to train with MEMBER, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Carl and Gerty Cori.
[Show full text]
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The new prophet : Harold C. Urey, scientist, atheist, and defender of religion Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3j80v92j Author Shindell, Matthew Benjamin Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO The New Prophet: Harold C. Urey, Scientist, Atheist, and Defender of Religion A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History (Science Studies) by Matthew Benjamin Shindell Committee in charge: Professor Naomi Oreskes, Chair Professor Robert Edelman Professor Martha Lampland Professor Charles Thorpe Professor Robert Westman 2011 Copyright Matthew Benjamin Shindell, 2011 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Matthew Benjamin Shindell is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2011 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………...... iii Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………. iv Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………….
[Show full text]
April 2002 NEWS Volume 11, No
April 2002 NEWS Volume 11, No. 4 A Publication of The American Physical Society http://www.aps.org/apsnews Executive Board Expresses Concern Over Funding Imbalance In Bush Administration’s FY2003 Budget Request When President Bush unveiled outside of the scientific community tire research budget of the National for physical science remains es- his FY 2003 budget request for have expressed concern at the im- Science Foundation, in keeping sentially flat, the APS Executive The Executive Board of the R&D in February, no one was sur- balance of research funding with the president’s campaign bud- Board approved a resolution re- American Physical Society ap- prised at the emphasis on priorities in favor of the biological get to double the NIH budget by garding the FY2003 budget plauds the proposed increased antiterrorist, and on homeland sciences. 2003. request at its meeting on Febru- for the NIH and for life sciences and economic security in the wake For example, the National Insti- Noting that while funding for ary 23, 2002. The full text of the generally in the FY2003 Bud- of the September 11th attacks. How- tutes of Health would receive a $3.9 biological and medical research Executive Board statement is con- get Request submitted by President Bush on February 4, ever, many both within and billion increase, larger than the en- continues to increase, funding tained in the box at the right. 2002. However, the Board ex- presses great concern about Task Force to Weigh Pros the requested budgetary lev- Outlook on FY 2003 Budget Bills els for research in the physi- cal sciences.
[Show full text]
Women in Chemistry
Women in Chemistry Her Lab in Your Life: Women in Chemistry is a new this message, the exhibit team concentrated on three exhibition that takes a fresh look at everyday life, related themes: women chemists have improved our revealing how chemical science and engineering help understanding of the physical world, they have shape it. Designed by the Chemical Heritage helped shape the material circumstances and popular Foundation (CHF)—a U.S.-based foundation—this culture of our everyday lives, and they have broken exhibition showcases women chemists who have new ground in the chemical professions and served as helped create our modern world and their historic role models for young women. contributions to science and technology. From the action of atoms to the substance of stars, these Choosing the Women and Their women have given us new visions of the material Story world and our place in it. The exhibition—traveling or online—was created especially for high school and Faced with the difficult task of choosing which impor- college students but designed to engage general tant and interesting women chemists to include, the audiences. exhibit team eventually selected 68 and created research files for each one. Such a large number is clear proof that the achievements of women chemists Her Lab in Your Life* are not isolated blips on a professional map. Many by Josh McIlvain who did not make it into the panel of the traveling exhibit have been included on the exhibit’s compan- HF’s newest traveling exhibit, Her Lab in Your ion Web site. Life: Women in Chemistry, focuses on the rich Some of the women highlighted in Her Lab in Your Chistory of women chemists by highlighting Life are still alive and active chemists.
[Show full text]
Famous Female Scientists
Appendix B: Scientific Contributions of Thirteen Outstanding Female Scientists Scientific Contributions of Thirteen Outstanding Female Scientists Gerty Cori, with her husband, received international recognition for discovering how glucose converts to glycogen (Cori cycle). This husband and wife team won the 1947 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for “discovering the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen” (mechanism for blood glucose regulation). Cori’s later studies on enzymes and hormones advanced research in diabetes treatment, contributing new understandings that missing enzymes resulted from defective genes. This laid the foundation for future studies of genetic defects in humans. Her research profoundly affected diabetes treatment, allowing physicians to understand how the body stores glucose by converting it predominantly into glycogen, which the body then uses for energy. Despite her significant research, she fought discrimination and nepotism within the Gerty Radnitz Cori scientific community. In 1947, the same year she became the first American woman and the (1896–1954) third worldwide to receive a Nobel Prize in the sciences, she achieved full professor status in biochemistry at Washington University, St. Louis. In 1950, President Harry Truman appointed her to the Board of Directors of the National Science Foundation. Considered the most famous of all women scientists, this Polish researcher “extraordinarie” was the first person (male or female) to win two Nobel Prizes. At age 16, she had already won a gold medal at the Russian lycée in Poland upon completion of her secondary education. In 1891, almost penniless, she began her education at the Sorbonne in Paris and later became the first woman professor to teach there.
[Show full text]