Liste Der Nobelpreisträger
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A Revisionist History of Regulatory Capture WILLIAM J
This chapter will appear in: Preventing Regulatory Capture: Special Interest . Influence and How to Limit it. Edited by Daniel Carpenter and David Moss. Copyright © 2013 The Tobin Project. Reproduced with the permission of Cambridge University Press. Please note that the final chapter from the Cambridge University Press volume may differ slightly from this text. A Revisionist History of Regulatory Capture WILLIAM J. NOVAK A Revisionist History of Regulatory Capture WILLIAM J. NOVAK PROFESSOR, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF LAW The idea of regulatory capture has controlled discussions of economic regulation and regulatory reform for more than two generations. Originating soon after World War II, the so-called “capture thesis” was an early harbinger of the more general critique of the American regulatory state that dominated the closing decades of the 20th century. The political ramifications of that broad critique of government continue to be felt today both in the resilient influence of neoliberal policies like deregulation and privatization as well as in the rise of more virulent and populist forms of anti-statism. Indeed, the capture thesis has so pervaded recent assessments of regulation that it has assumed something of the status of a ground norm – a taken-for-granted term of art and an all-purpose social-scientific explanation – that itself frequently escapes critical scrutiny or serious scholarly interrogation. This essay attempts to challenge this state of affairs by taking a critical look at the emergence of regulatory capture theory from the perspective of history. After introducing a brief account of the diverse intellectual roots of the capture idea, this essay makes three interpretive moves. -
Alfred Nobel
www.bibalex.org/bioalex2004conf The BioVisionAlexandria 2004 Conference Newsletter November 2003 Volume 1, Issue 2 BioVisionAlexandria ALFRED NOBEL 2004 aims to celebrate the The inventor, the industrialist outstanding scientists and scholars, in a he Nobel Prize is one of the highest distinctions recognized, granting its winner century dominated by instant fame. However, many do not know the interesting history and background technological and T that led to this award. scientific revolutions, through its It all began with a chemist, known as Alfred Nobel, born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1833. Nobel Day on 3 April Alfred Nobel moved to Russia when he was eight, where his father, Immanuel Nobel, 2004! started a successful mechanical workshop. He provided equipment for the Russian Army and designed naval mines, which effectively prevented the British Royal Navy from moving within firing range of St. Petersburg during the Crimean War. Immanuel Nobel was also a pioneer in the manufacture of arms, and in designing steam engines. INSIDE Scientific awards .........3 Immanuel’s success enabled him to Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, the Italian Confirmed laureates ....4 Lady laureates ............7 provide his four sons with an excellent chemist who had invented Nitroglycerine education in natural sciences, languages three years earlier. Nitroglycerine, a and literature. Alfred, at an early age, highly explosive liquid, was produced by acquired extensive literary knowledge, mixing glycerine with sulfuric and nitric mastering many foreign languages. His acid. It was an invention that triggered a Nobel Day is interest in science, especially chemistry, fascination in the young scientist for many dedicated to many of was also apparent. -
Peter P. T. Sah and the Synthesis of Vitamin C in China and Europe
EASTM 20 (2003 ): 92-98 Peter P. T. Sah and the Synthesis of Vitamin C in China and Europe Zhang Li [Zhang Li is Associate Professor at the Institute for the History of Natural Sci ence, Chinese Academy of Sciences. She has published a number of articles on the history of modern chemistry of both the West and China and the social his tory of science in twentieth-century China, including studies on the influence of higher education reform on chemical education in the 1950s in China (1992) and the coordination between national needs and scientists' autonomy during 1949-/965 (2003). She recently received her doctoral degree in the Philosophy of Science from Peking University, completing a dissertation on the institution alization of science in the People's Republic of China. Her forthcoming book is called Gaofenzi kexue zai Zhongguo de jianli ( 1949-1965) r%'J 5t r f-4 ~ ft i:p 00 R"J ~ JI. (1949-1965) ( Institutionalization of Polymer Science in China(l949- /965) Jinan: Shandong jiaoyu chubanshe 2003, ¥ff 1¥i : W J'.f: ¥!I.. W tB It& ffr±, 2003).J * * * The synthesis of vitamin C was one of the main scientific achievements in the 1930s. Many scientists in Europe made contributions to this field, especially Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (1893-1986) from Hungary and Sir Walter Norman Ha worth ( 1883-1950) from England, both of whom won the Nobel Prize in 1937. In the same period, a Chinese chemist, Sa Bentie ~ :;$: ~ (1900-1986), better known outside China as Peter P. T. Sah, was also studying vitamin C. -
Edward M. Eyring
The Chemistry Department 1946-2000 Written by: Edward M. Eyring Assisted by: April K. Heiselt & Kelly Erickson Henry Eyring and the Birth of a Graduate Program In January 1946, Dr. A. Ray Olpin, a physicist, took command of the University of Utah. He recruited a number of senior people to his administration who also became faculty members in various academic departments. Two of these administrators were chemists: Henry Eyring, a professor at Princeton University, and Carl J. Christensen, a research scientist at Bell Laboratories. In the year 2000, the Chemistry Department attempts to hire a distinguished senior faculty member by inviting him or her to teach a short course for several weeks as a visiting professor. The distinguished visitor gets the opportunity to become acquainted with the department and some of the aspects of Utah (skiing, national parks, geodes, etc.) and the faculty discover whether the visitor is someone they can live with. The hiring of Henry Eyring did not fit this mold because he was sought first and foremost to beef up the graduate program for the entire University rather than just to be a faculty member in the Chemistry Department. Had the Chemistry Department refused to accept Henry Eyring as a full professor, he probably would have been accepted by the Metallurgy Department, where he had a courtesy faculty appointment for many years. Sometime in early 1946, President Olpin visited Princeton, NJ, and offered Henry a position as the Dean of the Graduate School at the University of Utah. Henry was in his scientific heyday having published two influential textbooks (Samuel Glasstone, Keith J. -
Review of Economics Imperialism Versus Multidisciplinarity John B
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Economics Faculty Research and Publications Economics, Department of 1-1-2016 Review of Economics Imperialism versus Multidisciplinarity John B. Davis Marquette University, [email protected] Accepted version. History of Economic Ideas, Vol. 24, No. 3 (2016): 77-94. DOI. © 2016 Fabrizio Serra Editore. Used with permission. Forthcoming in History of Economic Ideas Economics imperialism versus multidisciplinarity John B. Davis, Marquette University and University of Amsterdam 2015 STOREP Conference Plenary Lecture Shifting Boundaries: Economics in the Crisis and the Challenge of Interdisciplinarity June 11-13, 2015 Abstract: This paper examines the implications of Chicago School economist Edward Lazear’s 2000 defense of economics imperialism using standard trade theory. It associates that defense with interdisciplinarity or the idea that the sciences are relatively autonomous, but treats this defense as a mask for a more conventional imperialist strategy of promoting Chicago School neoclassicism. Lazear’s argument actually created a dilemma for Chicago regarding how it could espouse interdisciplinarity while operating in a contrary way. I argue that the solution to this dilemma was for neoclassicism to rebuild economics imperialism around neoclassicism as a theory that sees the world in its own image in a performative manner. This strategy, however, suffers from a number of problems, which upon examination ultimately lead us to multidisciplinarity or the idea that the sciences can have transformative effects on one another. This latter conception can be associated with a complexity economics approach as an alternative view of the relation between the sciences. The paper argues that this view provides a basis for pluralism in economics. -
ECE Illinois WINTER2005.Indd
Electrical and Computer Engineering Alumni News ECE Alumni Association newsletter University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Winter 2005-2006 Jack Kilby, 1923–2005 Volume XL Cancer claims Nobel laureate, ECE alumnus By Laura Schmitt and Jamie Hutchinson Inside this issue Microchip inventor and Nobel physics laureate DEPARTMENT HEAD’S Jack Kilby (BSEE ’47) died from cancer on MESSAGE June 22, 2005. He was 81. Kilby received the 2000 Nobel Prize in 2 Physics on December 10, 2001, in an award ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden. Kilby was ROOM-TEMPERATURE LASER recognized for his part in the invention and 4 development of the integrated circuit, which he first demonstrated on September 12, 1958, while at Texas Instruments. At the Nobel awards ceremony, Royal Swedish Academy member Tord Claesen called that date “one of the most important birth dates in the history of technology.” A measure of Kilby’s importance can be seen in the praise that was lavished on him in death. Lengthy obituaries appeared in engi- Jack Kilby neering and science trade publications as well FEATURED ALUMNI CAREERS as in major newspapers worldwide, including where his interest in electricity and electron- the New York Times, Financial Times, and The ics blossomed at an early age. His father ran a 29 Economist. On June 24, ABC News honored power company that served a wide area in rural Kilby by naming him its Person of the Week. Kansas, and he used amateur radio to keep in Reporter Elizabeth Vargas introduced the contact with customers during emergencies. segment by noting that Kilby’s invention During an ice storm, the teenage Kilby saw “had a direct effect on billions of people in the firsthand how electronic technology could world,” despite his relative anonymity among positively impact people’s lives. -
Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus
Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus Name: Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus Lebensdaten: 25. Dezember 1876 - 9. Juni 1956 Adolf Windaus war ein deutscher Chemiker. Er untersuchte Naturstoffe, vor allem die biochemisch wichtigen Sterine und ihren Zusammenhang mit anderen Naturstoffen. Er entdeckte die chemische Verwandtschaft von Cholesterin und Gallensäure. Außerdem lieferte er Arbeiten über Vitamine, vor allem das Vitamin D. Zwischen 1927 und 1931 gelang ihm die Isolierung mehrerer D-Vitamine. Seine Forschungen bildeten die Grundlage für später von seinen Schülern durchgeführten Arbeiten über die menschlichen Sexualhormone. Für seine Verdienste um die Erforschung des Aufbaus der Sterine und ihres Zusammenhangs mit den Vitaminen wurde Adolf Windaus 1928 mit dem Nobelpreis für Chemie ausgezeichnet. Akademischer und beruflicher Werdegang Adolf Windaus begann 1895 ein Studium der Medizin an der Universität Freiburg. Er wechselte nach Berlin, wo er 1897 das Physikum bestand. 1899 wurde er in Freiburg mit einer Arbeit über Neue Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Digitalisstoffe promoviert wurde. 1901 war er zunächst in Berlin als Assistent von Emil Fischer (Nobelpreis für Chemie 1902) tätig. Während dieser Zeit wandte er sich zunehmend chemischen Fragestellungen zu. Außerdem begann er mit seinen Forschungen zu den Sterinen. 1903 habilitierte er sich in Freiburg mit einer Arbeit über Cholesterin. 1906 erhielt er eine außerordentliche Professur an der Universität Göttingen. Im Anschluss wechselte er für zwei Jahre an die Universität Innsbruck, wo er eine außerordentliche Professur für angewandte medizinische Chemie erhielt. 1915 ging er zurück nach Göttingen, wo er als Nachfolger von Otto Wallach (Nobelpreis für Chemie 1910) Ordinarius für Chemie wurde. Dort blieb er bis zu seiner Emeritierung im Jahr 1944. -
Cambridge's 92 Nobel Prize Winners Part 2 - 1951 to 1974: from Crick and Watson to Dorothy Hodgkin
Cambridge's 92 Nobel Prize winners part 2 - 1951 to 1974: from Crick and Watson to Dorothy Hodgkin By Cambridge News | Posted: January 18, 2016 By Adam Care The News has been rounding up all of Cambridge's 92 Nobel Laureates, celebrating over 100 years of scientific and social innovation. ADVERTISING In this installment we move from 1951 to 1974, a period which saw a host of dramatic breakthroughs, in biology, atomic science, the discovery of pulsars and theories of global trade. It's also a period which saw The Eagle pub come to national prominence and the appearance of the first female name in Cambridge University's long Nobel history. The Gender Pay Gap Sale! Shop Online to get 13.9% off From 8 - 11 March, get 13.9% off 1,000s of items, it highlights the pay gap between men & women in the UK. Shop the Gender Pay Gap Sale – now. Promoted by Oxfam 1. 1951 Ernest Walton, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei 2. 1951 John Cockcroft, St John's / Churchill Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei Walton and Cockcroft shared the 1951 physics prize after they famously 'split the atom' in Cambridge 1932, ushering in the nuclear age with their particle accelerator, the Cockcroft-Walton generator. In later years Walton returned to his native Ireland, as a fellow of Trinity College Dublin, while in 1951 Cockcroft became the first master of Churchill College, where he died 16 years later. 3. 1952 Archer Martin, Peterhouse: Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography 4. -
From Democratic Socialism and Rational Planning To
NORDIC COUNTRIES IN FINNISH PERSPECTIVE FROM DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM AND RATIONAL PLANNING TO POSTMODERN IDENTITY POLITICS AND MARKET-ORIENTATION Ideological Development of the Social Democrats in Sweden and Finland in the Late 20th Century Sami Outinen D.Soc.Sc., University of Helsinki Democratic socialism and planning of term goal was a “socialist society” and “equality the economy between people”, which would be achieved by This article will deconstruct the ideological de- seeking the support of the majority of citizens. velopment of the Swedish Social Democratic Finland’s Social Democrats also favoured the ex- Party SAP (officially, “the Social Democratic pansion of public services, state companies and Workers’ Party of Sweden”) and the Social cooperatives, “democratic economic planning Democratic Party of Finland SDP. This will […] including the effective regulation of capital be done by analysing their own alternative movements” and “the societal control of com- scopes of action in relation to the concepts mercial banks and insurance companies”.1 The of major ideologies and economic theories SAP committed similarly in 1975 at its Party such as socialism, capitalism, economic plan- Conference to long-term planning of the econ- ning, market economy, postmodernism and omy (planmässig hushållning). It positioned Keynesianism as well as researching how Nor- itself as the representative of democratic social- dic social democrats redefined their conven- ism between communist planned economy and tional ideological meanings. capitalism.2 Accordingly, one of the motives for The SDP stressed at the Party Conference in stressing democratic socialism by the SDP was 1975 that democratic socialism was the basis to win the support of the radicalised post-war of its programmatic identity. -
World Forestry Congress Flyer
©ICC Durban Investing in people Forestry is an investment in people and, in turn, an investment in sustainable development. This is highlighted by the Congress theme “Forests and People: Investing in a Sustainable Future”, which will explore six sub-themes in more depth: Get involved Forests for socioeconomic development and food security Building resilience with forests From representatives of government or non- Integrating forests and other land uses governmental organizations, private companies, Encouraging product innovation and sustainable trade academia, scientific or professional bodies, forestry Monitoring forests for better decision-making associations and local practitioners, to those who Improving governance by building capacity simply have a personal interest – all are welcome. Registration is required. Discounts on the standard fee are offered to participants from South Africa and other eligible countries, students and retirees, and participants who attend only a few days of the Congress. Defining a We hope you can join us in Durban to help define a future for forests vision for the future of forests and forestry! The Congress will: ©Flickr/ Benh LIEU SONG Strengthen the role of forests and forestry in sustainable development Special events Raise awareness of the major issues facing forests and forestry and propose new forms of technical, scientific Africa and policy actions Business Networking Event Provide a global showcase for the latest developments and innovations Forests and Climate Change Foster new collaborative partnerships -
The Nobel Peace Prize
TITLE: Learning From Peace Makers OVERVIEW: Students examine The Dalai Lama as a Nobel Laureate and compare / contrast his contributions to the world with the contributions of other Nobel Laureates. SUBJECT AREA / GRADE LEVEL: Civics and Government 7 / 12 STATE CONTENT STANDARDS / BENCHMARKS: -Identify, research, and clarify an event, issue, problem or phenomenon of significance to society. -Gather, use, and evaluate researched information to support analysis and conclusions. OBJECTIVES: The student will demonstrate the ability to... -know and understand The Dalai Lama as an advocate for peace. -research and report the contributions of others who are recognized as advocates for peace, such as those attending the Peace Conference in Portland: Aldolfo Perez Esquivel, Robert Musil, William Schulz, Betty Williams, and Helen Caldicott. -compare and contrast the contributions of several Nobel Laureates with The Dalai Lama. MATERIALS: -Copies of biographical statements of The Dalai Lama. -List of Nobel Peace Prize winners. -Copy of The Dalai Lama's acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize. -Bulletin board for display. PRESENTATION STEPS: 1) Students read one of the brief biographies of The Dalai Lama, including his Five Point Plan for Peace in Tibet, and his acceptance speech for receiving the Nobel Prize for Peace. 2) Follow with a class discussion regarding the biography and / or the text of the acceptance speech. 3) Distribute and examine the list of Nobel Peace Prize winners. 4) Individually, or in cooperative groups, select one of the Nobel Laureates (give special consideration to those coming to the Portland Peace Conference). Research and prepare to report to the class who the person was and why he / she / they won the Nobel Prize. -
Why Is There No Milton Friedman Today? · Econ Journal Watch
Discuss this article at Journaltalk: http://journaltalk.net/articles/5808 ECON JOURNAL WATCH 10(2) May 2013: 210-213 Why Is There No Milton Friedman Today? Richard A. Posner1 LINK TO ABSTRACT The short answer to the question posed by Econ Journal Watch is that Milton Friedman combined, with enormous success both within the economics pro- fession and in the society at large, three distinct roles. He was an analyst, using conventional analytical methods, of technical issues in macroeconomics, such as business cycle economics (with emphasis on the role of money), inflation and deflation, international exchange rates, and the consumption function. He was an advocate on economic grounds of specific public policies, such as an end to conscription, a negative income tax (of which the Earned Income Tax Credit is a variant, adding a work requirement surprisingly absent from Friedman’s proposal), and school vouchers. And he was a public intellectual/guru/philosopher, ad- vocating in books, magazines, op-ed pages, and electronic media a politically controversial return to libertarian (equivalently, free-market, laissez-faire, classical- liberal) economic policy. Friedman also made an influential contribution to economic methodology in arguing that an economic theory should be tested by its predictive accuracy alone, without regard to the realism or unrealism of its assumptions (Friedman 1953). The argument is questionable because, owing to the difficulty of assessing such consequences (reliable experiments concerning economic behavior are very difficult to conduct), economists have tended to rely heavily—certainly Friedman did—on assumptions, often assumptions based on priors rooted in ideology, personality, or other subjective factors.