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The Hydrocarbon Potential of Libya Murzuq Basin

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NAGECO North African Geophysical Exploration Company (NAGECO) was formed as a joint venture company between the National Oil Corporation (NOC) of Libya and Western Geophysical of Canada on the 30th of June 1987. In 2009 NOC assumed full ownership of NAGECO Inc. Since it’s formation, NAGECO has continually operated at least two seismic field crews and provide a serves in the Libyan Oil Sector bought 2D &3D with a proven package of services at competitive prices using a combination of leading edge equipment , personnel trained to the highest industry standards and a rigorous Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) programme, NAGECO, with its many years of experience, offers complete data acquisition services as well as data processing. NAGECO’ s core field equipment includes Sercel Nomad 65 vibrators as well as anew Sercel 428 recording system. Our modern equipment lets NAGECO offer reliable, proven solutions and , linked with our many years of experience , ensuring the Murzuk Sand Sea absolute minimum of downtime . NAGECO NAGECO currently operates two fully equipped 3D crews capable of working in all types of terrain . Using Sercel’s modern telemetric recording systems permits NAGECO to address the most demanding of parameters and to meet the ever increasing demand for a higher number of channels . Over the years NAGECO has carried out many 3D and 2D surveys for a variety of clients , including waha , Total , Agoco , Zueitina , Wintershall ,Sirte ,Agip Gas , Veba , Ina- Naftaplin OXY , RWE and Alepco . Health ,safety and Environmental concerns are fully addressed and complied with through NAGECO’s rig orous HSE policy which covers all areas of the company. All crews are equipped with ambulances and its HSE department constantly monitors compliance of every department to the HSE standards that clients (and NAGECO) requires. HSE NAGECO NAGECO communications network between the field crews and town is maintained using satellite internet and satellite telephones as well as cell phones , where coverage allows . All field vehicles are fitted with modern Motorola FM radios . Garmins are also available . Surveying is carried out using modern leica 12oo series GPS field equipment, our fully trained and equipped survey teams carry out the complete survey at field level ,using the most modern processing , mapping and imaging software. From the establishment of control networks through to the final mapping and survey reporting , all the surveying is done on site in the field . Data copying and storage are additional services that NAGECO offers .Data storage solutions, such as, Cartridge, CDR and Exabyte are the preferred media of most clients NAGECO has Data Processing Centre, enabling NAGECO to offer clients a complete solution from programme design to fully processed data. North African Geophysical has, over the last 30 years, gained a prominent position as one of the leading seismic contractors in Libya. We look forward to the next years. DATA PROCESSING CENTRE Management Structure Chairman Of The Board Finance & Legal Auditor Advisor Operation Administration Office Director Director Finance & Operation Administration Manager Manager Libya Opportunities Several successful joint and partnership with international service companies NOC-NAGECO- ION Libya span offshore multiclients non exclusive seismic acquisition , processing and interpretation Our vision We are open to be apart of any joint venture or project basis share. Training partnerships. Certification of HSE standards. Technology Transfer. MEDITERRANEAN SEA TECTONIC MAP BINGHAZI BASIN R OF BINGHAZI MARMARICA TROUGH LIBYAN BASINS JAGHBUB JABAL TROUGH ASSAWDA VOLC. LEGEND DUR AL QUSSAH TR. SIRT BASIN THE HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF LIBYA MURZUQ BASIN KUFRA BASIN NIGER CHAD SUDAN Objectives To demonstrate that large amounts of hydrocarbons have been generated and expelled in the Libyan sedimentary basins. A relatively small proportion of the expelled hydrocarbons has been discovered and substantial amount remains undiscovered. Cumulative reserves and cumulative oil production Cumulative Original Reserves 22 23 40 21 40 1920 35 18 35 17 16 30 1415 30 13 REMAINING 25 11 12 25 10 20 9 20 8 Cumulative Oil Production 15 7 15 6 5 10 10 4 PRODUCED 3 5 5 2 1 1. Bahi 9. Jalu 17. Abu Attifel 2. Dahra-Hafra 10. Samah 18. Messlah South 3. Nasser 11. Masrab 19. Messlah North Principal 4. Amal 12. Jabal 20. Bouri Discoveries 5. Dayfah 13. Sarir L 21. Al Sharara 6. Waha 14. Nafurah 22. Al Wafa 7. Raqubah 15. Awjilah 23. Elephant 8. Sarir C 16. Intisar SIRTE Hs205(v) Remaining recoverable reserves peaked at 29.8 billion barrels in 1967. 30 30 25 25 20 20 15 CATEGORY ‘A’ 15 10 10 5 5 CATEGORY ‘B’ CATEGORY ‘C’ CATEGORY ‘A’: Giant fields, 500 million barrels (22 oil pools) CATEGORY ‘B’: Smaller commercial fields or satellites (137 oil pools) CATEGORY ‘C’: Marginal discoveries, not yet developed (over 200 oil pools or oil tests) SIRTE Hs 216 D.V.L 24/01/03 Exploratory drilling results, 1957-2004 800 731 700 Success Rate: 34% Successful: 770 600 503 Exploration wells: 2, 286 500 435 347 400 257 270 300 Wells (A1, A3) & A2 179 200 136 112 86 100 0 1957-1965 1966-1974 1975- 1983 1984-1992 1993-2002 Years Exploration (wildcat) drilling and World oil price per barrel 120 5 40 100 8 35 C1 C2 C3 80 6 30 25 60 9 4 7 20 3 40 15 10 20 1 2 5 Legend Internal Events: 1 . First major discoveries in Libya 2 . First Libyan oil production 3 . October War C1 Posted price dispute 4 . Iranian Revolution C2 Libyan Revolution 5 . Beginning Iran- Iraq War C3 US sanctions imposed on Libya 6 . Saudi government abandoned fixed oil price 7 . End of Iran-Iraq War 8 . Gulf War 9 . OPEC increased production to 27.5MMb per day Exploration drilling per year SIRTE Hs202 Oil Potential Studies SIRTE LOCATION OF REGIONAL OIL POTENTIAL STUDIES 1996-2003 8° 9° 10° 11° 12° 13° 14° 15° 16° 17° 18° 19° 20° 21° 22° 23° 24° 25° 26° 35° 35° 34° 34° 33° 33° 32° 32° 31° 31° 30° 1 30° 6 29° 4 29° 28° 2 28° 3 27° 27° 26° 5 26° 25° 25° 24° 24° 23° 23° 22° 22° 21° 21° 20° 20° 19° 19° Scale Methodology for Oil Potential Studies Used volumetric material balance approach: Geology, structure and source-maturation geochemistry, spore colouration and BasinMod were used to map potential source rocks. Organic matter type and richness were based on well control. Kinetic modeling was used to calculate hydrocarbons generated and expelled from the source-kitchens. Discovered original oil (or oil equivalent) in-place (OOIP/OOEIP) reserves were compiled. The undiscovered amount defines the remaining potential. GHADAMIS AND MURZUQ BASINS Location of structural cross sections MEDITERRANEAN SEA TECTONIC MAP BINGHAZI BASIN R OF BINGHAZI MARMARICA TROUGH LIBYAN BASINS JAGHBUB JABAL TROUGH ASSAWDA VOLC. LEGEND DUR AL QUSSAH TR. SIRT BASIN MURZUQ BASIN KUFRA BASIN NIGER CHAD SUDAN Structural cross-section X – X’ NORTH SOUTH x x’ D1-23 D1-NC100 A1-90 R1-52 A1-NC151 D1-NC151 L1-NC115 F1-NC58 B1-23 E1-23 J1-90 L1-26 E1-52 C1-NC151 B1-NC115 C1-NC58 H1-NC58 KOURNEIDA-1 N.W. Murzuq Basin Tigi Fault Meaditerranean System Sea Datum: Sea Level Datum: Sea Level 1000ft 1000 Kms Source Rock West Murzuq Garian High Ghadamis Basin Al ‘Atshan Saddle High Murzuq Basin Djado Basin North - South structural cross-section across HS212 Ghadamis and Murzuq Basins Nattah01/03 Structural cross-section Y – Y’, Ghadamis Basin Y Y’ E2-90 J1-90 D1-26 K1-26 B1-26 Q2-NC7 T1-66 E1-60 C1-30 B1-39 C1-39 A1-39 C1-43 Gazeil - Kabir Fault Western Ghadamis Zam Zam NW Sirte Basin Basin Graben Waddan Hun Graben Uplift Dur Al Abid Trough Datum: Sea Level 1000ft Source Rock 50 Kms East - West structural cross-section across Ghadamis Basin HS210 Nattah01/03 Structural cross-section Z – Z’, Murzuq Basin Z Z’ G1-NC58 J1-NC101 C1-NC101 A1-76 F1-NC58 D1-NC58 E1-NC101 A1-64 A1-77 Al Haruj Western Murzuq Basin West Murzuq Central Murzuq Basin Eastern Murzuq Basin High Dur Al Qussah Datum: Sea Level Basin Volcs Permian Granite Source Rock East - West structural cross-section across Murzuq Basin HS211 Nattah01/03 Net thickness of highly radioactive Lower Tanezzuft shales 8º 10º 12º 14º 16º Tripoli Misuratah 32º 32º Sirt Ghadamis Basin NW 30º SIRT 30º BASIN 28º 28º Silurian Erosional Silurian Edge Conc. NC 151 Absent 26º 26º Murzuq Basin 24º 24º ‘0’ RA Shale 0 - 50’ 50 - 100’ 100 - 150’ 22º 22º >150’ N I G E R 10º 12º 14º 16º Net Cumulative Thickness Map Highly Radioactive Zone, SIRTE Basal Tanezzuft HS150col. ADS04/99 Organic maturity at the base of Tanezzuft Shale 8º 10º 12º 14º 16º Tripoli Misrata 32º 32º Sirt Ghadamis 30º ‘O’ RA 30º Shale basin 28º 28º Silurian Conc. NC151 Absent 26º 26º Murzuq Basin 24º ? 24º ‘0’ RA Shale Early Mature Mature/Late Mature 22º 22º Overmature N I G E R 10º 12º 14º 16º Source Maturation Trends for Basal Tanezzuft SIRTE HS128SMT ADS 08/00 WESTERN OFFSHORE Tectonic elements, Western Offshore, Libya RAGUSA-MALTA 16°E 36°N 11°E PLATEAU 36°N Malta Cercina MEDINA Isis Jarrafa PLATEAU Miskar Ashtart D1-NC41 SABRATAH B o u r i BASIN A’ El Biban TRIPOLI A Misratah GHADAMIS BASIN 31°N WADDAN PLATFORM Legend 0 Km 100 Platforms Oil fields Scale Troughs Gas fields 11°E 16°E Tectonic elements, western offshore, Libya HS206(V) HSD01/03 Schematic N – S cross-section, Western Offshore, Libya S N JIFARAH BASIN SABRATAH BASIN BOURI FIELD A A’ SABRATAH- CYRENAICA FAULT SL Feet -5,000’ -10,000’ -15,000’ Kilometres 0 50 -20,000’ Post Miocene Oilgocene-M.
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    Dissertation Isotope and Noble Gas Study of Three

    DISSERTATION ISOTOPE AND NOBLE GAS STUDY OF THREE AQUIFERS IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST LIBYA Submitted by Mohamed S. E. Al Faitouri Department of Geosciences In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Summer 2013 Doctoral Committee: Advisor: William Sanford Michael Ronayne Steven Fassnacht Reagan Waskom Copyright by Mohamed S. E. Al Faitouri 2013 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT ISOTOPE AND NOBLE GAS STUDY OF THREE AQUIFERS IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST LIBYA Libya suffers from a shortage in water resources due to its arid climate. The annual precipitation in Libya is less than 200 mm in the narrow coastal plain, while the southern part of the country receives less than 1mm. On the other hand, Libya has large resources of good quality groundwater distributed in six basin systems beneath the Sahara. In 1983, the Libyan government established the Great Man-Made River Authority (GMRA) in order to transport 6.5 million cubic meters a day of this groundwater to the coastal cities, where over 90% of the population lives. This large water extraction of one million cubic meters per day (or greater) from each wellfield has the potential to greatly stress the water resources in these areas. This study focuses on three GMRA wellfields in two sedimentary basins (Sirt and Al Kufra) in central and southeast Libya. The Sarir wellfield is located within the Sirt basin and consists of 126 production wells; the Tazerbo wellfield in the Al Kufra basin has 108 wells; and the proposed Al Kufra wellfield is also in the Al Kufra Basin and will have 300 production wells.