University of Groningen Neurological Development in Infancy Touwen, B.C L
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Prenatal Origin of Behavior Hibited When Its Development Is Complete
Tne Prenatal Origin of Behavior The Prenatal Origin of Beliavior ty Davenport Hooker, Pli.D., Sc.D. Professor of Anatomy and Chairman of the Department University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Porter Lectures, Series 18 University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 1952 COPYRIGHT, 1952, BY THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PRESS Physiological and morphological studies on human prenatal de• velopment, publication no. 20. These studies have been aided by- grants from the Penrose Fund of the American Philosophical So• ciety, from the Carnegie Corporation of New York, from the University of Pittsburgh, and from the Sarah Mellon Scaiie Foundation. Preface o BE INVITED to fill the Porter Lectureship in Medi• cine is indeed an honor and one for which this lec• T turer is most grateful. Quite aside from my personal gratification at being invited to lecture on this foundation, I am especially pleased because of my long friendship with Dr. George Ellett Coghill, the founder in America of work on embryonic movements, who served the University of Kansas School of Medicine from 1913 to 1925. It has also been my privilege to know for a long time both Dr. Henry Carroll Tracy, his successor as Chairman of the Depart• ment at Kansas, and the present Chairman, Dr. Paul Gib• bons Roofe. I am indebted for many things to many people too numerous to name here, but it would be falling short of both justice and courtesy were I to omit expressing my debt to many colleagues, past and present, including Dr. Tryphena Humphrey, Dr. Ira D. Hogg, and the staff of the Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital. -
Spontaneous Motility Disorders and Postural Control in Infants (0-6
Medical Rehabilitation (Med Rehabil) 2015, 19 (1), 25-33 eISSN 1896–3250 ISSN 1427–9622 © AWF Kraków Spontaneous motility disorders and postural control in infants (0-6 months of life) with a history of perinatal disorders Zaburzenia motoryki spontanicznej oraz kontroli posturalnej u niemowląt (0-6 miesiąc życia) z obciążonym wywiadem okołoporodowym Magdalena Czajkowska FinMed, Rehabilitation Center, Szczecin, Poland Key words early physiotherapy intervention, neonatal reflexes, Vojta method, standard pattern, segmental extension, locomotion Abstract Newborn infants with a history of perinatal neurological conditions require special monitoring. Their psychomotor development is determined by the potential damage to the structure of their immature nervous system, perinatal hypoxia or disharmony in motor development. However, muscle tension disorders and minor postural control issues, in the light of the high plasticity of the brain, can be independently adjusted. What is more, in most cases infants need help from the moment of birth, and the first signs of irreg- ularities occur within the first weeks of life. The first signs of disturbances in motor development are frequently found by an infant’s parents or guardians. They have the opportunity to observe the infant in natural settings, such as during care, play or feeding. Care- ful clinical examination performed by a pediatric neurologist takes into account an assessment of the child’s eye contact, spontane- ous motor activity and support and erectile mechanisms, and also evaluates the child’s neonatal reflexes and postural reactions (in the case of a diagnosis by Vaclav Vojta). Early physiotherapy intervention shall take action when the first signs of delayed motor de- velopment appear in the infant. -
The Phenomenon of Multiple Stretch Reflexes
Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal Volume 34 Number 1 Article 6 3-1986 The Phenomenon of Multiple Stretch Reflexes Robert D. Teasdall Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/hfhmedjournal Part of the Life Sciences Commons, Medical Specialties Commons, and the Public Health Commons Recommended Citation Teasdall, Robert D. (1986) "The Phenomenon of Multiple Stretch Reflexes," Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal : Vol. 34 : No. 1 , 31-36. Available at: https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/hfhmedjournal/vol34/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Henry Ford Health System Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal by an authorized editor of Henry Ford Health System Scholarly Commons. The Phenomenon of Multiple Stretch Reflexes Robert D. Teasdall, MD* Multiple stretch reflexes occur in muscles adjacent to or remote from the tap. The response may be ipsilateral or bilateral. These reflexes are encountered not only in normal subjects with brisk stretch reflexes but particularly in patients with lesions of the upper motor neuron. The concussion obtained by the blow is conducted along bone to muscle. Muscle spindles are stimulated, and in this manner independent stretch reflexes are produced in these muscles. This mechanism is responsible for the phenomenon of multiple stretch reflexes. The thorax and pelvis play important roles in the contralateral responses by transmitting these mechanical events across the midline. (Henry FordHosp Med J 1986;34:31-6) ontraction of muscles remote from the site of f)ercussion is Head and neck Cencountered in patients with brisk stretch reflexes. -
The Plantar Reflex
THE PLANTAR REFLEX a historical, clinical and electromyographic study From the Department of Neurology, Academic Hospital 'Dijkzigt', Rotterdam, The Netherlands THE PLANTAR REFLEX A HISTORICAL, CLINICAL AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDY PROEFSCHRIFT TER VERKRIJGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE GENEESKUNDE AAN DE ERASMUS UNIVERSITEIT TE ROTTERDAM OP GEZAG VAN DE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS PROF. DR. B. LEIJNSE EN VOLGENS BESLU!T VAN HET COLLEGE VAN DEKANEN. DE OPENBARE VERDED!GING ZAL PLAATS VINDEN OP WOENSDAG 16 NOVEMBER 1977 DES NAMIDDAGS TE 4.15 UUR PREC!ES DOOR JAN VAN GIJN GEBOREN TE GELDERMALSEN 1977 KRIPS REPRO - MEPPEL PROMOTOR: DR. H. VAN CREVEL CO-PROMOTOR: PROF. DR. A. STAAL CO-REFERENTEN: PROF. DR. H. G. ]. M. KUYPERS PROF. DR. P. E. VOORHOEVE Aan mijn ouders Aan Carien, Maarten en Willem CONTENTS page GENERAL INTRODUCTION 15 CHAPTER I HISTORY OF THE PLANTAR REFLEX AS A CLINICAL SIGN DISCOVERY - the plantar reflex before Babinski 19 - the toe phenomenon . 21 - Joseph Babinski and his work 24 ACCEPTANCE - the pyramidal syndrome before the toe reflex 26 - confirmation . 26 - a curious eponym in Holland 28 - false positive findings? 29 - false negative findings 29 FLEXION AND EXTENSION SYNERGIES - the Babinski sign as part of a flexion synergy . 31 - opposition from Babinski and others . 33 - ipsilateral limb extension with downgoing toes versus the normal plantar response . 36 - crossed toe responses . 36 - tonic plantar flexion of the toes in hemiplegia 37 RIVAL SIGNS - confusion . 39 - different sites of excitation 39 - stretch reflexes of the toe muscles 41 - spontaneous or associated dorsiflexion of the great toe 42 - effects other than in the toes after plantar stimulation 42 THE PLANTAR RESPONSE IN INFANTS - contradictory findings 43 - the grasp reflex of the foot . -
Proquest Dissertations
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CUTANEOUS FLEXION REFLEX IN HUMAN INFANTS: THE EFFECTS OF NOXIOUS STIMULI AND TISSUE DAMAGE IN THE NEWBORN. This thesis is submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in Neuroscience. Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London. KATHARINE ANN ANDREWS May 1997 SUPERVISOR Professor Maria Fitzgerald ProQuest Number: 10106776 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10106776 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Owr lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter^* Dr Martin Luther King Jr. ABSTRACT OF THESIS The aim was to investigate the development of spinal sensory processing in the human neonate using the cutaneous flexion reflex, and to measure changes in the reflex resulting from repeated tissue damage. A further aim was to quantify flexion reflex responses elicited by different intensities of mechanical and electrical stimuli using EMG recordings. Experiments were performed with ethical approval and informed parental consent on a group o f preterm and full-term infants aged between 27 and 42 weeks postconceptional age. -
A Dictionary of Neurological Signs.Pdf
A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS THIRD EDITION A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS THIRD EDITION A.J. LARNER MA, MD, MRCP (UK), DHMSA Consultant Neurologist Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool Honorary Lecturer in Neuroscience, University of Liverpool Society of Apothecaries’ Honorary Lecturer in the History of Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, U.K. 123 Andrew J. Larner MA MD MRCP (UK) DHMSA Walton Centre for Neurology & Neurosurgery Lower Lane L9 7LJ Liverpool, UK ISBN 978-1-4419-7094-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-7095-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7095-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010937226 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2001, 2006, 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. -
Chiropractic Examination of an Infant. the Clinical Value of a Comprehensive Patient History and Thorough Physical Examination Must Never Be Underestimated
The 8 Step (10 minute) Chiropractic Examination of an Infant. The clinical value of a comprehensive patient history and thorough physical examination must never be underestimated. However, an initial consultation with the child is far more than just a clinical experience and an information-gathering process. Your ability to connect with the patient and the parents plays a significant role in the outcome achieved with your paediatric patient. Your ability to examine the infant in a smooth, professional and time efficient manner is often essential to your ability to achieve the very best clinical outcome with that infant. This article details a procedure we have used with infants in our practice for many years. We hope this helps you with your assessment of children. Dr. Glenn Maginness B.App.Sc(Chiro) MCSc(Paeds) Dr. Hayley Maginness B.H.Sc.Chiropractic M.ClinChiropractic Dr. Brianna Maginness B.Health.Sc B.App.Sc(Chiro) Be Confident! The examining of any child, regardless of their age, must be a procedure that not only you feel comfortable with but also, just as importantly, you must be perceived by the parents as being comfortable with. Examining the baby is a procedure that you must perform as if you have done it 1000 times before. For this reason, prior to the examination, I would encourage you to nurse the baby for a few moments. During the history taking, the baby may be in a capsule or a pram. Once the history is completed and you are ready to conduct the examination, it can be a wonderful way to connect with the child and the parents, to physically get the baby out of the capsule or pram and spend a few moments holding the child. -
INFANTS MARTINE PABAN School of Physical and Occupational Therapy
' 0 PREDICTIVE VALUE OF EARLY ASSESSMENTS FOR "AT RISK" INFANTS MARTINE PABAN School of Physical and Occupational Therapy McGill University December 1984 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Health Science (Rehabilitation) c ~MARTINE PABAN, 1984. PREDICTIVE VALUE OF EARLY ASSESSMENTS FOR "AT RISK" INFANTS i ABSTRACT 0 A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the best early predictors of one year neurodevelopmental outcome of twenty-seven "at risk" infants. Results from early neuromotor assessments and measurements of physical growth were correlated with developmental and neurological outcomes at one year corrected age. Weight at three months corrected age was the earliest and best predictor of neurological status. Risk scores from the Movement Assessment of Infants administered at four months corrected age were significantly correlated with developmental outcome as assessed by the Griffiths Development Mental Scales, the Bayley Psychomotor Scale and the Wolanski Motor Evaluation. Heavier weight and 0 low risk scores on the Movement Assessment of Infants indicated neurologically normal infants with adequate developmental performances. Early identification of neuromotor disorders permits early treatment of affected infants even before manifesting overt symptoms. Longer studies with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to assess the long term predictive value of postnatal growth and the Movement Assessment of Infants. c ii c RESUME Une etude prospective a ete realisee en vue de determiner les meilleurs predicteurs precoces du statut neuromoteur i l'age d'un an, chez un groupe de vingt sept nouveau-nes "i risque". -
ED368492.Pdf
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 368 492 PS 6-2 243 AUTHOR Markel, Howard; And Others TITLE The Portable Pediatrician. REPORT NO ISBN-1-56053-007-3 PUB DATE 92 NOTE 407p. AVAILABLE FROMMosby-Year Book, Inc., 11830 Westline Industt.ial Drive, St. Louis, MO 63146 ($35). PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom Use (055) Reference Materials Vocabularies/Classifications/Dictionaries (134) Books (010) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC17 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Adolescents; Child Caregivers; *Child Development; *Child Health; *Children; *Clinical Diagnosis; Health Materials; Health Personnel; *Medical Evaluation; Pediatrics; Reference Materials; Symptoms (Individual Disorders) ABSTRACT This ready reference health guide features 240 major topics that occur regularly in clinical work with children nnd adolescents. It sorts out the information vital to successful management of common health problems and concerns by presentation of tables, charts, lists, criteria for diagnosis, and other useful tips. References on which the entries are based are provided so that the reader can perform a more extensive search on the topic. The entries are arranged in alphabetical order, and include: (1) abdominal pain; (2) anemias;(3) breathholding;(4) bugs;(5) cholesterol, (6) crying,(7) day care,(8) diabetes, (9) ears,(10) eyes; (11) fatigue;(12) fever;(13) genetics;(14) growth;(15) human bites; (16) hypersensitivity; (17) injuries;(18) intoeing; (19) jaundice; (20) joint pain;(21) kidneys; (22) Lyme disease;(23) meningitis; (24) milestones of development;(25) nutrition; (26) parasites; (27) poisoning; (28) quality time;(29) respiratory distress; (30) seizures; (31) sleeping patterns;(32) teeth; (33) urinary tract; (34) vision; (35) wheezing; (36) x-rays;(37) yellow nails; and (38) zoonoses, diseases transmitted by animals. -
Understanding Primitive Reflexes and Their Role in Growth and Development: a Review
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN: 2456-8090 (online)provided by International Healthcare Research Journal (IHRJ) International Healthcare Research Journal 2017;1(8):243-247. DOI: 10.26440/IHRJ/01_08/123 QR CODE Understanding Primitive Reflexes and Their Role in Growth and Development: A Review MANOJKUMAR JAISWAL1, RAHUL MORANKAR2 A Reflexes are set motor responses to specific sensory stimuli. In newborns and young infants these primitive reflexes are an important B assessment tool. Children with a distinctive reflex are difficult to treat. This includes a large category in which primitive reflexes are S retained longer than necessary. Certain reflexes may not appear at appropriate age of development. Many neurological conditions are characterized by aberrations in reflex actions. However, there is scarcity of data for high-risk infants pertaining to this topic. T Dental treatment becomes challenging in these individuals and sometimes due to lack of compliance even necessary emergency R dental treatment is difficult to carry out. A KEYWORDS: Primitive Reflexes, Infantile Reflexes, Growth and Development C T K INTRODUCTION Primitive reflexes can be defined as an automatic to the stimulus.3 movement beginning as early as 25-26 gestational weeks mediated via brainstem and are fully GENERAL BODY REFLEXES present at birth. Their persistence beyond 6 Moro reflex: It was first demonstrated by Ernst months of age can result in immature pattern of Moro. It is an involuntary response present in its behavior. With maturation of central nervous complete form by 34th week (third trimester) and system, voluntary motor activities replace the remains in incomplete form in premature birth. -
Primary Reflexes and Their Influence on Behaviour
Primary Reflexes and Their Influence on Behaviour The neurodevelopmental approach is based on neuroplasticity: the central nervous system can be “rewired” providing the proper intervention. This approach addresses the behavioral and learning inefficiencies of an individual while looking at the steps of brain development from the lower level (the foundation) to the highest centres (the roof). It considers which functions of the central nervous system (CNS) should be in place from birth to seven-years old (grade two) in order to be an efficient learner able to self- regulate his attention span and behavior. This approach looks at the “input” of information coming from the visual, auditory, and tactile domains in order to yield the necessary quality “output” in the manual, language, and mobility areas. The primary reflexes should be in place in the human body from conception. The reflexes emerge at different periods of the brain development. As they are integrated they give rise to more mature neurological functions. When these reflexes are not integrated, they yield inefficiencies in motor control, eye-hand coordination, sensory perception, emotional behaviour, attention, and/or higher cognitive abilities. These four pictures illustrate favorite positions characteristic of people (children, teens and even adults) when primary reflexes are not integrated. This lack of integration keeps the person from reaching the maturity of postural reflexes that is a step further in the higher levels of organization of the central nervous system. Suzanne'Day,'Neurotherapist''3''www.neuroclinicbarrie.com' ' Neurodevelopmental Reflexes (Primary Reflexes) The term “stimulus-response arc,” or what is more commonly referred to as a “reflex,” can be described as being an automatic response of the CNS to a specific stimulus. -
Primary Reflexes Identifying, Understanding, and Coping with Them
Roland E. Mann INSET The Well Cottage Doghurst Lane Chipstead Training Course information Surrey CR5 3PL 01737 550840 Primary Reflexes Identifying, understanding, and coping with them Preliminary Note The information in this note is for the purpose of understanding the value of this exciting and far-reaching area in a teaching context. If you are interested in a training on specific issues relevant to your particular school, I shall be very happy to adapt the material as appropriate, given sufficient notice of your needs. Overview There is very strong evidence that inappropriate retention of primary reflexes is the underlying cause of a host of common learning problems, as well as an amazing range of behavioural traits. Understanding what these reflexes are and what they do gives a deep insight into these issues, as well as many ways of successfully coping with the difficulties that children have with them. On a personal note, and partly to illustrate the relevance of this area, when I first trained in reflex work it was with a view to helping other people, and so I was somewhat surprised to find that I had vestiges of five different reflexes myself, two of which were strongly retained. Although I have a strong academic background, the particular issues surrounding these reflexes explained a great deal about my difficulties with arts subjects, and my long-term awareness that I was in some sense a frustrated musician. Since I released those reflexes I have found myself open to whole new range of learning, and progressed in a way that I could not possibly have done beforehand.