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2 Roles and Responsibilities of Key Agencies Involved in Flood Management in Bangladesh

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2 Roles and Responsibilities of Key Agencies Involved in Flood Management in Bangladesh This document is formatted for double-sided printing. This page intentionally blank. Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Community Flood Information System (CFIS) Final Report May 2008 Prepared by: DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. This page intentionally blank. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgements CFIS is funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) through the annual program statement issued April 24, 2002, on Enhanced Disaster Preparedness in South Asia: Through Community-Based and Regional Approaches, Cooperative Agreement No. 367-A-00-02-00224-00. OFDA’s technical officers included Mr. William Berger, Ms. Rebecca Schurer, and Ms. Sue McIntyre. The contract for this five-year project was awarded by USAID to Riverside Technology, inc. (RTi) based in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, along with Bangladesh-based partners Center for Environment and Geographic Information Services (CEGIS) and the Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Centre (BDPC). RTi managed the project and provided specific technical inputs and oversight. Dr. Timothy Martin was the overall project manager with specialized technical inputs provided by: Dr. Claudio Schneider, remote sensing expert; Dr. Amnon Nevo, GIS developer; James VanShaar, water resource engineer; Gabriel Miller, water resources engineer; and, Dr. Paul Thompson, flood management specialist. The CEGIS team worked on all aspects of the project specifically in developing and operating the flood information system. Mr. Giasuddin Ahmed Choudhury, CEGIS Executive Director, supported all aspects of the project. Ahmadul Hassan served as the senior project manager and lead for the CEGIS project team including M.M. Awlad Hossain, GIS Modeler/Hydrologist; Mohammad Ragib Ahsan, Programmer; Syed Ahsanul Haque, Hydrologist. Other specialists contributing to the project from CEGIS include Monzur Hossain, Jr. Engineer; Syed Sohel Ali, Jr. Engineer; S.M. Shafi-Ul- Alam, GIS Analyst; Aminur Rahman Shah, Environmental Specialist; Qazi Imroj Jahan, Programmer; Anushila Mazumder, Jr. Environment Specialist; Bhuiyan Md. Tamim Al Hossain, Jr. Engineer; and, Sayeefur Rahman Rizvi, Graphics Specialist. BDPC disseminated flood information and warnings to affected communities, and provided training on interpreting and using the flood information to prepare for and mitigate impacts of flooding. The CFIS project director from BDPC was Muhammad Saidur Rahman and the project specialists included Moloy Chaki, M. Kamran Jacob, Nasir Uddin Ahmad, Md. Abdus Samad, and Suman Kanti Das. In addition to BDPC, CEGIS, and RTi, the contributions of many other organizations and individuals in Bangladesh are recognized and appreciated, including the Flood Forecasting and Warning Center (FFWC) for providing hydrological data and river forecasts. The Upazila Nirbahi Officers (UNO), Union Parishads, Upazila Disaster Management Committees (UzDMC), Union Disaster Management Committees (UDMC), Village Flood Management Committees (VFMC), and other members of local government organizations in the study area provided field assistance. Discussions and inputs from villagers and local government officials were most valuable and highly appreciated. The cellular telephone company, Banglalink, provided SMS text messages for disseminating warning messages to the community. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This page intentionally blank. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................i Acronyms ..........................................................................................................................................ix Summary ..........................................................................................................................................xi Chapter 1 Introduction and Background ...........................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................1 1.2 Bangladesh Floods.........................................................................................................1 1.3 Rationale and Project Goal...........................................................................................1 1.4 Target Community Profile............................................................................................2 1.5 Project Approach...........................................................................................................3 1.6 Specific Challenges and Opportunities........................................................................4 1.7 Partner Profiles and Responsibilities...........................................................................4 1.8 Links with EMIN Project .............................................................................................5 Chapter 2 State of Flood Forecasting and Monitoring in Floodplains.............................................7 2.1 Water Resources System in Bangladesh......................................................................7 2.1.1 River Systems..................................................................................................................7 2.1.2 Floodplains ......................................................................................................................8 2.2 Flood Disaster Concepts..............................................................................................10 2.3 Forecasting ...................................................................................................................11 2.3.1 Flood Forecasting and Warning Center (FFWC) ..........................................................13 2.4 Monitoring ...................................................................................................................16 2.4.1 Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWBD) Monitoring......................................17 2.4.2 Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) Observations ....................................17 2.4.3 Monitoring with Satellite Imagery ................................................................................18 2.5 Institutional Arrangements ........................................................................................18 2.5.1 Role of Agencies ...........................................................................................................19 2.5.2 Disaster Management Committees................................................................................21 2.6 Expected Information Flows (Proposed ADB System) ............................................21 2.7 Relevant Projects.........................................................................................................22 2.7.1 Climate Forecast Application in Bangladesh (CFAB) Phase I and II ...........................22 2.7.2 GeoSFM Forecasting Model for the Ganges-Brahmaputra River Basins .....................23 2.7.3 Consolidation and Strengthening of Flood Forecasting and Warning Services (CSFFWS).....................................................................................................................23 2.7.4 Environmental Monitoring Information Network (EMIN) ...........................................24 Chapter 3 Study Area Selection and Needs Assessment..................................................................27 3.1 Study Area....................................................................................................................27 3.1.1 Selection Method...........................................................................................................27 3.1.2 Location.........................................................................................................................28 3.1.3 Hydrology......................................................................................................................30 3.1.4 Agriculture Land Use ....................................................................................................31 3.1.5 Cropping Pattern............................................................................................................31 3.1.6 Population and Poverty..................................................................................................32 3.1.7 Communications............................................................................................................32 3.1.8 Baseline Condition of Flood Information......................................................................32 3.2 Need Assessment of Community ................................................................................33 Chapter 4 CFIS Flood Forecasting System ......................................................................................37 4.1 Overview of CFIS Flood Forecasting System ...........................................................37 4.2 Data and Information Availability.............................................................................37 4.2.1 Digital Elevation Model (DEM)....................................................................................37 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2.2 Stream
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