Chevrolet Camaro

The Chevrolet Camaro is an automobile manufactured small, vicious animal that eats Mustangs.[7] [1][2] by Chevrolet, classified as a pony car and some ver- According to the book The Complete Book of Camaro: sions also as a muscle car.[3][4] It went on sale on Septem- Every Model Since 1967, the name Camaro was conceived ber 29, 1966, for the 1967 model year and was de- by Chevrolet merchandising manager Bob Lund and Gen- signed as a competing model to the Ford Mustang. The eral Motors vice president Ed Rollett, while they were car shared its platform and major components with the reading the book Heath’s French and English Dictionary Pontiac Firebird, also introduced for 1967. by James Boïelle and by de V. Payen-Payne printed in Four distinct generations of the Camaro were developed 1936. In the book The Complete Book of Camaro, it states before production ended in 2002. The nameplate was that Mr. Lund and Mr. Rollett found the word camaro revived on a concept car that evolved into the fifth- in the French-English dictionary to mean friend, pal, or generation Camaro; production started on March 16, comrade. The article further repeated Estes’s statement 2009.[5] of what the word camaro was meant to imply, that the car’s name “suggests the comradeship of good friends, as a personal car should be to its owner”.[8] In fact, the ac- 1 Background tual French word that has that meaning is “camarade”, from which the English word “comrade” is derived,[9] and not “camaro"; “camaro” is not a recognized word in the Before any official announcement, reports began run- French language.[10] ning during April 1965 within the automotive press that Chevrolet was preparing a competitor to the Ford Mus- The Camaro was first shown at a press preview in De- tang, code-named Panther.[6] On June 21, 1966, around troit, Michigan, on September 12, 1966, and then later in 200 automotive journalists received a telegram from Gen- Los Angeles, California, on September 19, 1966. Pub- eral Motors stating, "...please save noon of June 28 for lic introduction of the new model was on September 26, [11] important SEPAW meeting. Hope you can be on hand to 1966. The Camaro officially went on sale in dealer- [12] help scratch a cat. Details will follow...(signed) John L. ships on September 29, 1966, for the 1967 model year. Cutter – Chevrolet public relations – SEPAW secretary.” The following day, the same journalists received another General Motors telegram stating, “Society for the Eradi- 2 First generation: 1967–1969 cation of Panthers from the Automotive World will hold first and last meeting on June 28...(signed) John L. Cut- Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (first generation) ter – Chevrolet public relations SEPAW secretary.” These The first-generation Camaro debuted in September 1966, telegrams puzzled the automotive journalists. On June 28, 1966, General Motors held a live press con- ference in Detroit’s Statler-Hilton Hotel. It was to be the first time in history that 14 cities were connected in real time for a press conference via telephone lines. Chevrolet general manager Pete Estes started the news conference stating that all attendees of the conference were charter members of the Society for the Elimination of Panthers from the Automotive World and that this would be the first and last meeting of SEPAW. Estes then announced a new car line, project designation XP-836, with a name that Chevrolet chose in keeping with other car names be- ginning with the letter C such as the Corvair, Chevelle, A first-generation Camaro Chevy II, and Corvette. He claimed the name, suggests the comradeship of good friends as a personal car should for the 1967 model year, up to 1969 on a new rear-wheel be to its owner and that to us, the name means just what drive GM F-body platform and was available as a two- we think the car will do... go. The Camaro name was door coupé or convertible with 2+2 seating, and a choice then unveiled. Automotive press asked Chevrolet prod- of 230 cu in (3.8 L), 250 cu in (4.1 L) inline-6 or 302 cu uct managers, what is a Camaro? and were told it was a in (4.9 L), 307 cu in (5.0 L), 327 cu in (5.4 L), 350 cu in

1 2 4 THIRD GENERATION: 1982–1992

(5.7 L), 396 cu in (6.5 L), 427 cu in (7.0 L) V8 power- 4 Third generation: 1982–1992 plants. Concerned with the runaway success of the Ford Mustang, Chevrolet executives realized that their com- pact sporty car, the Corvair, would not be able to gener- Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (third generation) ate the sales volume of the Mustang due to its rear-engine The third-generation Camaro was produced from 1981 design, as well as declining sales, partly due to the neg- ative publicity from Ralph Nader's book, Unsafe at Any Speed. Therefore, the Camaro was touted as having the same conventional rear-drive, front-engine configuration as the Mustang and Chevy II Nova. In addition, the Ca- maro was designed to fit a variety of power plants in the engine bay. The first-generation Camaro lasted until the 1969 model year and eventually inspired the design of the new retro fifth-generation Camaro. The first-generation offered a standard, Super Sport, and Rally Sport editions. In 1967, the Z/28 model was added featuring stripes on the hood and trunk, styled rally road wheels, and a 302 cu in (4.9 L) V8 engine.

3 Second generation: 1970–1981 A third-generation Camaro Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (second generation) Introduced in February 1970, the second-generation Ca-

to 1992. These were the first Camaros to offer mod- ern fuel injection, Turbo-Hydramatic 700R4 four-speed automatic transmissions, five speed manual transmis- sions, 15 or 16 inch wheels, a standard OHV 4-cylinder engine,[13] and hatchback bodies. The cars were nearly 500 pounds (227 kg) lighter than the second generation model. The IROC-Z (the IROC stands for International Race of Champions) was introduced in 1985 and continued through 1990. National Highway Traffic Safety Adminis- tration (NHTSA) Regulations required a CHMSL (Cen- ter High Mounted Stop Lamp) starting with the 1986 model year. For 1986, the new brake light was located on the exterior of the upper center area of the back hatch A second-generation Camaro glass. Additionally, the 2.5L Iron Duke pushrod 4 cylin- der Engine was dropped, and all base models now came with the 2.8L V6 (OHV). For 1987 and later, the CHMSL maro was produced through the 1981 model year, with was either mounted inside the upper hatch glass, or inte- cosmetic changes made in 1974 and 1978 model years. grated into a rear spoiler (if equipped). In 1985, the 305 The car was heavily restyled and became somewhat larger small block V8 was available with TPI (tuned port injec- and wider with the new styling. Still based on the F-body tion). In 1987 the L98 5.7L 350cu in V8 engine became platform, the new Camaro was similar to its predecessor, a regular option on the IROC-Z, paired with an automatic with a unibody structure, front subframe, an A-arm front transmission only. The “20th Anniversary Commemora- suspension, and leaf springs to control the solid rear axle. tive Edition” was offered in 1987, as well as a “25th An- Road & Track picked the 1971 SS350 as one of the 10 niversary Heritage Package” in 1992 that included a 305 best cars in the world in August 1971. RS (shown to the cu in (5.0 L) High Output engine. Beginning in 1988, the right), SS package was dropped in 1972 and reintroduced 1LE performance package was introduced, optional on in 1996. street models and for showroom stock racing in the U.S. The 1980 and 1981 Z28 models included an air induction and Canada. The B4C or “police” package was made hood scoop with an intake door that opened under full available beginning in 1991. This basically created a Z28 throttle. in more subtle RS styling. 3

5 Fourth generation: 1993–2002 6 Fifth generation: 2010–2015

Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation) Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) The fourth-generation Camaro debuted in 1993 on an The Camaro received a complete redesign, and new plat-

2010 Chevrolet Camaro SS

A fourth-generation Camaro updated F-body platform. It retained the same charac- teristics since its introduction in 1967: a coupé body style with 2+2 seating (with an optional T-top roof) or convertible (introduced in 1994), rear-wheel drive, pushrod 6-cylinder and V8 engines. The standard pow- erplant from 1993-1995 was a 3.4 liter V6. A 3.8 liter V6 was introduced in 1995. A 350 MPFI (LT1) Small Chevrolet Camaro rear view Block V-8 engine, which was introduced in the Corvette in 1992, was standard in the Z28. Optional equipment form for the 2010 model year/fifth generation. Based on included all-speed traction control and a new six-speed the 2006 Camaro Concept[17] and 2007 Camaro Convert- T-56 manual transmission; the 4L60E 4-speed automatic ible Concept, production of the fifth-generation Camaro transmission was standard on the Z28, yet optional on the was approved on August 10, 2006. The Oshawa Car As- V6 models which came with 5-speed manual as standard. sembly plant in the city of Oshawa, Ontario, Canada be- Anti-lock brakes were standard equipment on all Ca- gan producing the new Camaro[18] which went on sale in maros. A limited quantity of the SS version (1996-1997) spring of 2009 as a 2010 model year vehicle.[19][20] came with the 330 HP LT4 small block engine from the Corvette, although most were equipped with the 305 hp Following the development of the Zeta architecture and LT1. The 1997 model year included a revised interior, because of its position as the GM global center of RWD and the 1998 models included exterior styling changes, development, GM Holden in Australia led the final de- and a switch to GM’s aluminium block LS1 used in the sign, engineering, and development of the Camaro. Pro- duction of the coupé began on March 16, 2009, in LS, Corvette C5. In 1998, the 5.7-liter LS1 was the first all- [21][22] aluminum engine offered in a Camaro since the ’69 ZL-1 LT, and SS trim levels. LS and LT models are pow- and carried a 325-horsepower rating.[14] The SS versions ered by a 3.6 L (220 cu in) V6 producing 312 hp (233 (1998-2002) received slightly improved exhaust and in- kW) for the 2010 & 2011 model mated to either a 6- take systems, bigger wheels and tires, a slightly revised speed manual or a 6-speed automatic with manual shift. suspension for improved handling and grip while retain- The SS is powered by the 6.2 L (376 cu in) LS3 V8 pro- ing ride comfort, an arc-shaped rear wing for downforce, ducing 426 hp (318 kW) and is paired with a 6-speed and different gearing ratios for faster acceleration, over manual. The automatic SS gets the L99 V8 with 400 hp the Z28 models. The Camaro remained in production (300 kW). The RS appearance package is available on through the 2002 model year, marking 35 years of contin- both the LT and SS and features 20-inch wheels with a uous production. Chevy also offered a 35th anniversary darker gray tone, halo rings around xenon headlamps, a edition for the 2002 model year. Production of the F- unique spoiler, and red RS or SS badges. Body platform was stopped due to slowing sales, a deteri- On April 1, 2010, the Camaro was named the World orating market for sports coupés, plant overcapacity, and Car Design of the Year at the World Car of the Year stiff competition for sales from Ford’s Mustang.[15][16] Awards.[23] 4 7 SIXTH GENERATION: 2016–PRESENT

In late January 2011, the production of 2011 Camaro the original Z/28, air conditioning is an option. The Z/28 Convertibles started. The first going to Rick Hendrick model retains only one speaker for the seat belt chime, the via Barret-Jackson Car Auction. Convertibles had the rear quarter glass has been thinned, rear seats have been same options as the coupé (engines, RS, SS, etc.). The thinned, and most of the sound deadening has been re- Camaro convertible added an aluminium brace over the moved in an effort to reduce weight inside of the vehicle. engine assembly, and under the transmission. Due to the 2011 Fukushima earthquake, certain pigment colors were not available to make certain colors. On November 2011, the export version (excluding Japanese version) of the Camaro was introduced after a 7 Sixth generation: 2016–present two-year delay. The delay was due to the unexpected do- mestic demand. The export version included different tail lamps with integrated reverse and amber turn signal Main article: Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation) lamps, larger external rear view mirrors with integrated On May 16, 2015, Chevrolet introduced the sixth gen- side turn signal repeaters, a rear bumper without reverse light inserts, and other changes as to comply with ECE regulations.[24] The 2012 model year marked the 45th anniversary of the Camaro and commemorated with a model available only in “Carbon Flash Metallic” paint. The 45th anniversary edition Camaro also included a unique stripe package, red, white, and blue interior stitching and 45th edition exclusive 20-inch wheels. The V6 was updated to a 3.6 L “LFX” engine producing 323 hp (241 kW). The SS model received an upgrade to the suspension system. All models received the RS spoiler and taillight details, steer- ing wheel-mounted volume and radio controls, and Blue- tooth connectivity controls as standard. The 2012 ZL1 Camaro included a 6.2 L LSA supercharged V8 produc- 2016 Chevrolet Camaro RS ing 580 hp (430 kW). The LSA motor is the same used in the Cadillac CTS-V and made it the fastest produc- tion Camaro to date. Other features included a 2-stage eration Camaro at Belle Isle park in Detroit, Michigan. exhaust, the addition of suede seats, steering wheel, and The launch, complete with previous generation Camaros shift knob, as well as ZL1-exclusive 20-inch aluminum on display, coincided with the vehicle’s upcoming 50th wheels. In 2012 Chevrolet unveiled the production of the birthday.[29] 2013 Camaro ZL1 Convertible. The sixth generation Camaro sales will begin in late 2015 On December 19, 2012 GM announced that the Camaro and will be offered in LT and SS models built on the would return to being made in the United States, as pro- GM Alpha platform at Lansing Grand River Assembly duction of the Camaro would be shifted to the Lansing in Michigan.[30] The A platform is currently used by the Grand River Assembly Plant in Michigan, citing “lower Cadillac ATS. The 2016 Camaro will weigh 200 lb (91 capital investment and improved production efficiencies” kg) less than its predecessor. Over 70% of the sixth gen- as “key factors” in the move.[25] This move is expected to eration’s architectural components are unique to the car start in late 2015 or early 2016.[26] and are not shared with any other current GM product.[31] At the 2013 New York Auto Show, Chevrolet unveiled a Early production will have three engine versions: a 2.0- line-up of 2014 Camaros with a refreshed body style and liter turbo-charged inline-four producing 275 hp (205 the return of a Z/28 model.[27] The 2014 Camaro received kW; 279 PS), a new 3.6-liter V6 making 335 hp (250 many upgrades, most notably to the exterior front and rear kW; 340 PS), while the SS model features the 6.2-liter of the vehicle. The front end of the new Camaro received V8 with 455 hp (339 kW; 461 PS); the ZL1 model will a slimmer grille along with a larger lower fascia and new use a supercharged 640 hp (480 kW) LT4 based on the fog lights. The taillights took styling cues from the orig- Cadillac CTS-V,[32][33] and the transmissions are either a inal first generation Camaro. The RS appearance pack- six-speed manual (seven-speed manual for the 2017 ZL1) age incorporates LED’s into both the headlights and tail- or an eight-speed automatic.[30] lights. The Z/28 model features a high-performance 7.0 liter LS7 V8 engine that produces 505 hp (377 kW),[28] The 2016 Camaro will come equipped with both Apple the same engine used in the Z06 Corvette. The new Z/28 CarPlay and Android Auto Capability features. However, features upgrades intended to improve lap times, and as only one of their phone brands at any one time can be used.[34][35] 5

8 Racing power. One part that had come out of his testing was the Edelbrock Cross-Manifold. To this day the Smokey Yu- nick 1968 Camaro is owned by Vic Edelbrock Jr. Bob Jane won both the 1971 and 1972 Australian Touring Car Championships at the wheel of a Camaro.[36] The Camaro was the official car of and used in the Camaros racing in the 1976 Camaro Cup at Ring Knut- International Race of Champions starting in 1975 and storp in Sweden lasting for 12 years until 1989. It was the first American car of the series succeeding the Porsche Carrera RSR. Today, Camaros are raced in many forms of auto racing throughout the world. They are a favorite in drag rac- ing, have won many championships, and can be currently found in several series from the National Hot Rod As- sociation, International Hot Rod Association, and United States Hot Rod Association. Road racing Camaros can Vintage Trans-Am racing of today. currently be found in the Sports Car Club of America's The Camaro was one of the vehicles in the SCCA- American Sedan series. They have also been the vehicle used in the Swedish Camaro Cup series since 1975. The Camaro was the Indianapolis 500 Pace Car in 1967, 1969, 1982, 1993, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2014. The Ca- maro also paced races at Daytona, Watkins Glen, Mo- sport in Canada, and Charlotte Motor Speedway. The Camaro was also a regular in the IMSA GT Series. The fifth-generation Camaro is expected to take to the tracks in 2010 in the GT class of the Grand Am Road Racing Championship. Stevenson Motorsports has an- nounced it is seeking to run a two-car team of Pratt & Miller built cars, based on the same spaceframe as the Pontiac GXP-R.[37] The team also competes with Ca- maros in the Grand Sports class of the Grand-Am’s Con- tinental Tire Challenge.[38] Camaro Cup race car In 2013, the Camaro was the car used for almost all the sanctioned Trans-Am Series. Chevrolet worked with Chevy teams in the NASCAR Nationwide Series. Roger Penske to operate their unofficially factory-backed Trans Am team, winning the title in 1968 and 1969 with Mark Donohue. Jim Hall's Chaparral team replaced 9 In popular culture Penske for the 1970 season. Warren Agor of Rochester, NY, was the series’ leading Camaro privateer, his orange #13’s o, 1993, 1994, and 1998. There was also another SCCA Trans-Am Series Camaro that was not popular because of racing but because of its body modifications. This Camaro, number 13, had been built and driven by Henry “Smokey” Yunick. Smokey Yunick was a car builder who worked to reduce the weight of his cars by acid-dipping body parts and installing thin- ner safety glass. The Chevrolet Camaro also races in the NASCAR Xfinity Series. The Camaro is a common Xfinity car. The Penske/Donohue Camaros also had the front sheet metal dropped, all four fenders widened, windshield laid back, front sub-frame “Z’d” to lower the car, the floor pan moved up and even the drip-rails were moved closer Bumblebee depicted as a 1974 Z28 and a 5th-gen Camaro to the body. This Camaro had always kept its stock look and had a 302 engine that was able to produce 482 horse- General Motors has made product placement, or embed- 6 10 REFERENCES ded marketing, deals for the Chevrolet Camaro in numer- [15] Garsten, Ed (September 27, 2001). “GM to Discontinue ous media.[39][40] Camaro, Firebird”. Free Republic (Fresno, CA). Associ- ated Press. Retrieved May 16, 2015. The vehicle mode of the fictional character Bumblebee in the 2007 film, Transformers, is first depicted as a [16] Hunkins, Johnny (July 29, 2004). “Rising from the 1977 Camaro[41] and later a fifth-generation concept vari- Ashes”. Hot Rod Network. Retrieved September 11, ant. A modified fifth-generation Camaro reprises the 2014. Publicly, GM blamed slow sales, a deteriorated role of Bumblebee in the sequels, Transformers: Revenge sports coupé market, and plant overcapacity. [42] of the Fallen, Transformers: Dark of the Moon and [17] “Chevrolet Camaro Concept: Capturing the Timeless Transformers: Age of Extinction. Spirit of Camaro Besides the 3rd Gen Camaros” (Press release). GM Media Online. January 9, 2006. Archived from the original on February 2, 2007. Retrieved Septem- 10 References ber 11, 2014. [18] Keenan, Greg (August 18, 2006). “Canada to Build Ca- [1] Holder, William G.; Kunz, Phillip (1995). Camaro. Mo- maro”. The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original torBooks/MBI. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7603-0092-3. Re- on May 22, 2007. Retrieved September 11, 2014. trieved May 16, 2015 – via Google Books. [19] Mateja, Jim (March 10, 2008). “Chevy to Launch New [2] “Chevy Camaro, Dodge Challenger, and Ford Mustang in Camaro Coupé, Convertible as '10 Models”. Ward’s Pony-Car Showdown”. AutoWeek. June 10, 2009. Re- Dealer Business. Retrieved September 11, 2014. trieved May 16, 2015. [20] Ramsey, Jonathon (March 12, 2008). “Chevy Camaro [3] Siler, Wes (June 24, 2009). “Muscle Car Wars: Camaro to Be a 2010 Model, Not 2009”. Autoblog. Retrieved vs. Challenger vs. Mustang”. Jalopnik. Retrieved May September 11, 2014. 16, 2015. [21] Neff, John (July 21, 2008). “2010 Chevy Camaro: Offi- [4] Stone, Matt; Mead, Scott (March 2009). “Comparison: cial Details and Images”. Autoblog. Retrieved September 2002 Chevrolet Camaro SS vs 2001 Ford Mustang SVT 11, 2014. Cobra”. Motor Trend. Retrieved May 16, 2015. [22] “2010 Chevrolet Camaro Review”. JB Car Pages. Re- [5] “Auto Buyers Have Spoken: GM Will Build An All-New trieved September 11, 2014. Chevrolet Camaro” (Press release). GM Media Online. [23] “Chevrolet Camaro: World Car Design of the Year 2010”. August 10, 2006. Archived from the original on February AUSmotive.com. April 8, 2010. Retrieved September 25, 2007. Retrieved September 11, 2014. 11, 2014.

[6] Settlemire, Scott. “The Day the Panther Died”. GMnext. [24] “2011 Export Camaro Details & Differences”. ca- General Motors. Archived from the original on October maroz28.com. June 23, 2011. Retrieved September 11, 13, 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2008. 2014.

[7] Biggs, Henry (February 3, 2006). “Top 10: Muscle cars”. [25] “Next-Generation Chevy Camaro to Be Built in the U.S” MSN Cars UK. Archived from the original on July 23, (Press release). General Motors. December 19, 2012. 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2015. When asked, Chevrolet Retrieved September 11, 2014. sales executives claimed a Camaro was a: 'a small, vicious animal that eats Mustangs’. [26] “GM to Shift Camaro Production from Oshawa to Michi- gan Plant”. CTV News. December 19, 2012. Retrieved [8] Newhardt, David (2013). The Complete Book of Camaro: September 11, 2014. Every Model Since 1967. Motorbooks. p. 26. ISBN 978- 0-7603-3961-9. [27] Wayland, Michael (March 30, 2013). “2014 Chevrolet Camaro, Camaro Z/28 debut at New York Auto Show”. [9] “Comrade - Definition of comrade”. merriam- MLive (Booth Newspapers). Retrieved September 11, webster.com. 2014.

[10] Éditions Larousse. “Larousse”. larousse.fr. [28] “Camaro Z28 Returns in 2014: Shocking Debut in NYC”. Chevrolet. Archived from the original on March 30, 2013. [11] Antonick, Mike (2003). The Camaro White Book, 1967- 2002. Motorbooks International. p. 4. ISBN 978-0- [29] “GM unleashes new, smaller Chevrolet Camaro” from 7603-1879-9. USA Today (May 16, 2015)

[12] Antonick, p. 21.} [30] Ecclestone, Chris (16 May 2015). “This Is The All-New 2016 Chevy Camaro”. gmauthority.com. Retrieved 16 [13] Antonick, p. 86. May 2015.

[14] “Chevy Camaro 1993 to 2002”. Chevrolet History. Clas- [31] Bruce, Chris (19 April 2015). “Chevy keeps teasing next sicchevrolets.com. May 26, 2012. Retrieved September Camaro, 70 percent of parts unique to it [w/video]". Au- 11, 2014. toblog.com. Retrieved 16 May 2015. 7

[32] Spied! 2017 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 Muscles its Way Around the 'Ring BY MEGAN STEWART / WRITTEN SEPTEMBER 15, 2015 / RETRIEVED SEPTEMBER 18, 2015

[33] Motor Trend’s 2017 Chevy Camaro ZL1 chat https://www.facebook.com/motortrendmag/posts/ 10153143645121312

[34] “Apple CarPlay’s coming to these 14 Chevrolet cars in the 2016 model year” from PC World (May 27, 2015)

[35] “These are the 14 Chevrolet cars from the 2016 model year that will have Android Auto” from PC World (May 27, 2015)

[36] “Australian Touring Car Championship”. Cars and Rac- ing Stuff. Retrieved September 11, 2014.

[37] Interview with John Stevenson, Speed TV Grand Am Montreal 200 broadcast, August 29, 2009

[38] “Stevenson Motorsports to Race a Brand New Chevrolet Camaro in the Grand-Am KONI Challenge Series” (PDF) (Press release). Stevenson Motorsports. November 13, 2008. Retrieved 16 May 2015.

[39] “Sears Department Store and Chevrolet Camaro Achieve Highest Product Placement Scores for June, Nielsen Re- ports” (PDF). Nielsen. August 28, 2007. Retrieved May 16, 2015.

[40] Hinds, Julie (March 7, 2007). “GM Hopes Movie Roles Transform Cars into Sellable Stars”. USA Today. Re- trieved May 16, 2015.

[41] Huffman, John Pearley (June 10, 2007). “Driving the Transformers Beater Bumblebee 1977 Camaro”. Ed- munds. Archived from the original on October 29, 2009. Retrieved May 16, 2015.

[42] Langfitt, Frank (July 21, 2009). “In The Camaro, a Glim- mer of Hope for GM”. NPR. Retrieved May 16, 2015.

• Edsall, Larry (2009). Camaro: A Legend Reborn. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-2819-4.

11 External links

• Chevrolet Camaro official site

• Chevrolet Camaro at DMOZ • Chevrolet Camaro at the Internet Movie Cars Database 8 12 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

12 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

12.1 Text

• Chevrolet Camaro Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Camaro?oldid=687399048 Contributors: The Anome, Rootbeer, Cosmicforce, Oliver Pereira, Ixfd64, Mac, Darkwind, Lmendoza, Adam Bishop, Mrand, Morven, Pakaran, Robbot, Moriori, Ray Radlein, Chris 73, RedWolf, Texture, Seano1, Lupin, Brian Kendig, Alison, Niteowlneils, Avsa, KevinTernes, Solipsist, Bobblewik, Lucky 6.9, RivGuySC, Gadfium, Utcursch, Alexf, Gzuckier, Benjohnson, Antandrus, Garth 187, Cliffster1, Rdsmith4, Burgundavia, Sfoskett, Dawt- calm, ChrisCostello, Canterbury Tail, Mike Rosoft, N328KF, Heegoop, Discospinster, Brianhe, Rich Farmbrough, Milkmandan, Ben- der235, ESkog, JoeSmack, Danieljackson, Aqua008, Szyslak, RoyBoy, Adambro, Bobo192, Stesmo, Clarkewaldron, Elipongo, Ni- hil~enwiki, DCEdwards1966, Hagerman, Nsaa, Storm Rider, Patsw, Danski14, Alansohn, Hektor, Guy Harris, Trash, Arthena, An- drewpmk, Lord Pistachio, Mailer diablo, Snowolf, Jm51, Bucephalus, Velella, Fixman88, RainbowOfLight, Mikeo, Spambit, Gene Ny- gaard, Netkinetic, Blaxthos, Killing Vector, Kelly Martin, Woohookitty, TomTheHand, WadeSimMiser, Hailey C. 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12.2 Images

• File:1972_blue_Chevrolet_Camaro_Turbo_350_front_side.JPG Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/ 1972_blue_Chevrolet_Camaro_Turbo_350_front_side.JPG License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: BrokenSphere • File:2002ChevroletCamaroSS35-001.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/ 2002ChevroletCamaroSS35-001.jpg License: CC BY 2.5 Contributors: http://www.projectrich.com/gallery Original artist: Rich Niewiroski Jr. • File:2010ChevroletCamaro-05-1.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/2010ChevroletCamaro-05-1.jpg License: CC BY-SA 2.0 Contributors: 2010 Camaro Original artist: Nick Ares from Auburn, CA, United States • File:2010ChevroletCamaro-05.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/2010ChevroletCamaro-05.jpg Li- cense: CC BY-SA 2.0 Contributors: 2010 Camaro Original artist: Nick Ares from Auburn, CA, United States • File:2016_Chevrolet_Camaro.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/82/2016_Chevrolet_Camaro.jpg License: CC- BY-SA-2.0 Contributors: Camaro 6th Gen Original artist: Forty5th • File:BumblebeeCamaro-02.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/BumblebeeCamaro-02.jpg License: CC BY-SA 2.0 Contributors: Camaro Bumblebee Original artist: Kevin Ward from Eastpointe, USA • File:Camaro-Transformers03.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Camaro-Transformers03.jpg Li- cense: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Xavigivax • File:Camaro1.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Camaro1.jpg License: CC BY 2.5 Contributors: No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims). Original artist: No machine-readable author provided. MikeDirntRulez~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims). • File:Camaro_Cup_35.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Camaro_Cup_35.jpg License: CC-BY-SA- 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Nowotny • File:Chevrolet_Camaro.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Chevrolet_Camaro.jpg License: CC-BY- SA-3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:Chevrolet_Camaro_(15158957874).jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Chevrolet_Camaro_ %2815158957874%29.jpg License: CC BY 2.0 Contributors: Chevrolet Camaro Original artist: jeremyg3030 • File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg License: Cc-by- sa-3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:Puss_&_Kram_Camaro.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Puss_%26_Kram_Camaro.jpg Li- cense: CC-BY-SA-3.0 Contributors: HMS (Hyllinge Motorsällskap), Sweden and Valter Nilsson. Pressphoto for promotion of Kvällspostens Newsrace 1976. Original artist: Unknown • File:Trans-Am-01.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Trans-Am-01.jpg License: CC BY 2.0 Contrib- utors: originally posted to Flickr as 70 Camaro, 67 Camaro Z28, 67 Camaro Z28, 67 Camaro Original artist: Nathan Bittinger

12.3 Content license

• Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0