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Me XXVI-1988 N° 3 (Juillet-Septembre) REPUBLICII SOCIALISTE ROMANIA ACADEMIE DFS SCIENCES SOCIALES ET POLMQUES INSTITUT D'ÉTUDES SUD-EST EUROPEENNES me XXVI-1988 N° 3 (Juillet-Septembre) Voyageurs et réalités sud-est européennes Mentalitéscollectives Relations linguistiques ED1TURA ACADEMIEI REPUBLICII SOCIALISTE ROMANIA www.dacoromanica.ro COMITÉ DE RÉDACTION ALEXANDRIT DUTITrddakteur responsable ; Membres du comitd :AL. ELIAN, VALENTIN AL. GEORGESCII, GHEORGHE I. IONITI, COSTIN MURGESCIT,D. M. PrPPIDI, MDIAI POP, AL. ROSETTI, ELENA SCAR- LITOIII, EUGEN STINESCU Se,crétaire du comité: LIDIA SIMEON La REVUE DES ATUDES SUD-EST EUROPÉENNES parait 4 tots par an. Toute commande de rétranger(fasciculesou abonnements) sera adressée A e Rompresfilatelia ., Departamentul Export-Import PresA, P.O. Box 12-201, télex 10376, Bucure§ti, prsfi r Calea Grivitei nr. 64-66 ou A ses représentants A rétranger. Le prix d'un abonnement est de 62 $ par an. La correspondance, les manuscrits et les publications (livres, revues, etc.) envoyés pour comptes rendus seront adressés A la REVUE DES ÈTUDES SUD-EST EUROPÉENNES CAsula po§talA 22.159, 71100 Bucure.gti Les article,s seront rem's dactylographiés en deux exemplaires. Les collaborateurs sont priés de ne pas dépasser les limites de 15-20 pages dactylographiées pour les articles et 5-6 pages pour les comptes rendus. EDITURA ACADEMIEI REPUI3LICII SOCIALISTE ROMANIA Calea Victoriel n° 125, téléphone 50 76 80 Bucure.gtiRomAnia www.dacoromanica.ro :UROPBE:1111ES TOME XXVI 1988 N° 3 JuilletSeptembre SOMMAIRE V oyageurs et réalites sud-est europeenn es MARIA HOLBAN, Autour du Journal inedit du Sieur de la Croix, II 187 GIUSEPPE PICCILLO (Università di Catania), La langue roumaine dans les écrits des missionnaires italiens XVII 1e siécles) 205 XeniaWes collectives EUGEN CIZEK, L'univers mental des Romains 215 Relations linguistiques ZAMF1RA MIHAIL, Quelques termes pour e métier à tisser *en perspective ethnolinguis- tique sud-est européenne 229 CATALINA VATMESCU, Les denominations des parties de l'instrument aratoire en roumain et en albanais 237 ELENA SCARLATOIU, Le mégléno-roumain parlé en Dobroudia. Evolution et pers- pectives 245 NICOLAE SARAMANDU, L'arournain et ses rapports avec le grec 251 L IA BRAD-CHISACOF, Historical Remarks on the Romanian Verbal Suffixes of Nlodern Greek Origin -iisi, -es!, -isl, -osi 261 Discussions ANDREI PIPPIDI, On Wallachia's Relations with Padua 267 Chronique DAN BERINDEI, L'Assemblée Genérale de PA IESEE (Bucarest, mars 1988) ... 271 Comptes rendus Res Publica Litteraria (Alexandra Dula); L'absolutismc éclairé (Emanuela Popesca-Mi- hut) ; JEAN DIMAKIS, P. Codrika et la Question d'Orient sous l'Empire français et la Restauration (Cornelia Papacoslea-Danielopolu); ARTHUR BEYRER, KLAUS BOCHMANN, SIEGFRIED BRONSERT, Grammatik der rumiinischen Sprache der Gegenwart (Ccildlina Vdlifsescu) 273 Rev. Etudes Sud-Est Europ., XXVI, 3, p. 185-282, Bucarest, 1988 www.dacoromanica.ro Voyageuri et réalités sud-est européennes AUTOUR DU JOURNAL INÉDIT DU SIEUR DE LA CROIX, II MARIA HOLBAN En reprenant le Journal inédit du Sieur de La Croix, nous insiste- rons tout particulièrement sur la chronologie. Les événements qu'il ren- ferme couvrent les années 1674 (fin) jusqu.'en avril 1678. Mais il était utilisé pour la rédaction des Mémoires (vol. III) qui existent sous forme maamscrite dédiés h Louis XIV rédigés en 1682-1683 et publiés h Paris en 1683, portant officiellemment la date de Paris 1684. En 1689 paraissait h la Haye un livre intitulé Guerres des Turcs. Il y était questiondes g,uerres menées par les Turcs en Pologne, en Moscovie et en Hongrie, abou- tissant h la défaite turque de Vienne. Seule cette dernière guerre ne figu- rait pas dans les Mémoires. Le Journal porte la marque d'interpolations et d'interventions tardives Ainsi dès 1675, en mentionnant le kihaia Suleiman, on parle de son élévation h la fonction de Grand Vizir et du fait qu'il fut sacrifié la haine de ses ennemis après la défaite de « Siclos ». Dans le Journal (II) cette phrase est suivie d'une note marginale encore plus tardive 1, inspirée du conflit de La Croix avec l'ambassadeur faisant suite h., M. de Guillera- gues, Pierre de Girardin. Cette addition au texte doit appartenir aux an- nées 1686 (janvier) 1689 (janvier) ou plus silrement à Pannée où celui-ci mourrait h Constantinople. Autrement les amplifications du Journal (I), ainsi que celles du Journal (II) se signalent par leur tour anecdotique, par une certaine désinvolture, la vanité de certaines affirmations, des descriptions de luxe oriental 2, la familiarité avec Al. Mavrocordat etc. La seconde mission ou plutôt le second voyage qui occupe le vol. II a eu un caractère encore plus illusoire. Ce texte couvre une durée d'une année, à partir du mois de janvier 1676 jusqu'en décembre,u retour de l'auteur h Constantinople. Au début de Palm& l'ambassadeur regoit deux lettres : l'une de l'évéque de Marseille, M. de Forbin-Janson 3, ren- dant compte du désir du roi de Pologne de hâter la conclusion d'une paix avec les Turcs, l'autre de la part du grand interprète de la Porte, Ale- 1 Dans le Journal II, p. 46. Note marginale a un texte pareil à celui de 1675 relatif Suleiman. Ce qui signifie qu'il a été introduit pendant que l'on copiait le t. II du Journal. Ibidem. L'auteur insiste ici particulièrement sur le luxe et l'autorité du kihaia. 3 L'év8que de Marseille, M. Forbin-Janson était ambassadeur de Louis XIV auprés du roi de Pologne. Rev. Etudes Sud-Est Europ., XXVI, 3, p. 187-203, Bucarest, 1988 www.dacoromanica.ro 188 MARIA HOLBAN 2 xandre Mavrocordat 4, accompagnant la perspective d'une paix de la Porte avec la Pologne (premier pas nécessaire N une gu.erre contre l'em- pereur romain), de la suggestion d'un engagement du roi de France de ne point conchae de paix sans la participation des Ottomans. Comme l'am- bassadeur ne pouvait prendre sur soi de donner une réponse queleonque N ces ouvertures, qui venaient sans doute du..grand vizir, il décida d'en- voyer son secrétaire en France, pour en rapporter des instructions précises. Celui-ci devait auparavant se rendre N Andrinople et y conduire l'émissaire que venait de lui envoyer M. de 1VIarseille (une créature du grand palatin de Russie 5) pour la question de la paix avec la Pologne, étape devant précéder la campagne en Hongrie prévue pour le printemps. Il quitta done Constantinople le 29 janvier 1676, se rendit à Andrinople, y vit Mavrocordat et écrivit au kihaia du g,rand vizir. Finalem.ent il fut reçu par le grand vizir lui-même, auquel il remit la lettre de l'ambassadeur qui annonçait son intention d'envoyer son secrétaire porter au roi la pro- position d'allia,nce esquissée par Mavrocordat. L'ambassadeur songeait en ce cas à un engagement similaire, la Porte ne devant point conclure de paix avec l'Empire que de concert avec le roi, toutefois il attendait des instructions avant de rien proposer. Mais le grand vizir déclara voulait une réponse positive du roi avant d'entreprendre une guerre avec l'Empire qui, par contre, proposait le renouvellement de la tréve avec la Porte, bien avant qu'elle ne soit près d'expirer. Il fa,llait done s'armer de patience. Pour l'instant le sulta,n était irrité par l'inconstance des Polo- nais, etc...Reprena,nt le refrain du marquis de Nointel, il déclare que leur empressement pour la paix était interprété par le grand sultan comme preuve de faiblesse, etc ... A son tour, adoptant le style de son chef, le secrétaire écrivit deu.x lettres, l'une en chiffre N M. de Marseille, l'a,u.tre en clair A, M. de Giza, 6 dont le ton est très exactement copié sur celui plut6t altier de M. de Nointel. Il y est de nouvea,u question de la mauvaise voie suivie par la Pologne de se chercher partout des média,teurs sans prestige etc ... comme le prouve la lettre du. roi Sobieski au prince de Moldavie. Après la hâte fiévreuse manifestée jusque-là, le secrétaire se Masse. Il fait des observations sur la magnificence du gra,nd Nizir comparée au train médiocre du grand sultan, trace le portrait du nouveau Reis Effendi, N qui il offre « une montre à boite d'or érnaillée pour captiver sa bienveil- lance » etc. en lui a,tmon9a,nt une lettre de l'ambassadeur etle présent ordinaire ». D'a,illeurs il distribue de riches présents N droite et N gauche (N l'en croire). Il rend visite au Capikihaia du prince de Tra,nsylvanie, revoit Radies' avec mille précautions, pour ne pas tra,hir leur intelligence, celui-ci étant épié par les gens du résident allemand. Entre temps il s'oc- 4 Alexandre Mavrocordat avait été pendant deux ans le médecin de M. de Nointel. avait ensuite servi sous le Grand Interprète Panaiotti Nicousios et succéda à celui-ci A sa mort en 1673. Il suivit Cara Mustapha devant Vienne, et eut toutes les peines à se racheter et A reprendre son poste plus tard. 11 fut fort mal avec le succésseur du marquis de Nointel, le mar- quis de Guilleragues, et après celui-ci fort bien avec M. de Girardin le succésseur de celui-ci. 11 n'est plus très bien avec le Sieur de La Croix, qui le laisse quelque peu entrevoir. 5 C'est-A-dire lablonowski. Envoyé po/onais auprès du prince de Transylvanie pour demander sa médiation pour nne paix avec la Turquie. 7 Délégué des mécontents de Hongrie, veuu à la Porte plaider leur cause. www.dacoromanica.ro 3 JOURNAL INRDIT DU SIEUR DES LA CROIX 189 cupe aussi, avec une certaine désinvolture, des affaires confiées N ses soins.
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