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MACROSEA Final Report 2020 2020:00056- Unrestricted Report MACROSEA: A Knowledge Platform for Industrial Macroalgae Cultivation in Norway . Authors Jorunn Skjermo, Peter Schmedes (DTU), Yngvar Olsen (NTNU), Silje Forbord (NTNU), Sanna Matsson (APN), Siv Anina Etter (NTNU), Inga Kjersti Sjøtun (UiB), Alexander Thompson (SAMS), Ole Jacob Broch, Torfinn Solvang, Per Christian Endresen, Klaas Timmermans (NIOZ), Bénédicte Charrier (SBR) and Aleksander Handå SINTEF Ocean AS Aquatic Bioresources 2020-01-15 SINTEF Ocean AS SINTEF Ocean AS Address: Report Postboks 4762 Torgarden NO-7465 Trondheim NORWAY Switchboard: +47 46415000 MACROSEA: A Knowledge Platform for Enterprise /VAT No: Industrial Macroalgae Cultivation in Norway NO 937 357 370 MVA . KEYWORDS: VERSION DATE New marine resources Final report 2020-01-15 Low-carbon society Macroalgae AUTHOR(S) Seedling biology Jorunn Skjermo, Peter Schmedes (DTU), Yngvar Olsen (NTNU), Silje Forbord (NTNU), Sanna Matsson (APN), Siv Sea cultivation Anina Etter (NTNU), Inga Kjersti Sjøtun (UiB), Alexander Thompson (SAMS), Ole Jacob Broch, Torfinn Solvang, Genetics Per Christian Endresen, Klaas Timmermans (NIOZ), Bénédicte Charrier (SBR) and Aleksander Handå Marine modelling Seedling technology CLIENT(S) CLIENT’S REF. Deployment technology Research Council of Norway 254883 Harvest technology Sea farms PROJECT NO. NUMBER OF PAGES/APPENDICES: 302002488 (SINTEF) 56 ABSTRACT The MACROSEA project has contributed to new knowledge on production biology and technology for selected brown and red macroalgae species in Norway. Seedling quality and growth, fouling and biochemical composition during sea cultivation have been studied. Population genetics along the coast and in two fjords have been characterized. Growth models have been developed and coupled with 3D hydrodynamics-ecosystem models to estimate site-dependent biomass production, and design studies of methods and prototyping of new technology for efficient seeding, deployment and harvest have been performed. Drag forces and deformation of farm systems at different sea states have been determined in tank experiments, and numerical tools for simulation and visualization of farm designs in dynamic marine systems have been developed. The results will contribute to predictable production of biomass and development of enabling technologies for industrial macroalgae cultivation in Norway. The project (2016-2019) was funded by the Research council of Norway. PREPARED BY SIGNATURE Aleksander Handå CHECKED BY SIGNATURE Jorunn Skjermo APPROVED BY SIGNATURE Gunvor Øie REPORT NO. ISBN CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION THIS PAGE 2020:00056 978-82-14-06300-4 Unrestricted Unrestricted This document has been approved according to SINTEF's approval procedure, and is digitally secured Document history VERSION DATE VERSION DESCRIPTION 1 2020-01-15 Final report PROJECT NO. REPORT NO. VERSION 302002488 (SINTEF) 2020:00056 Final report 2 of 56 Table of contents 1 Key figures ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 2 Popular Science summary (English) ................................................................................................................... 7 3 Popular science summary (Norwegian) ............................................................................................................. 9 4 Outcomes and impacts ....................................................................................................................................11 4.1 Seedling Biology .......................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 Sea Cultivation ............................................................................................................................................. 11 4.3 Genetics ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 4.4 Marine Modelling ........................................................................................................................................ 12 4.5 Seedling, Deployment and Harvest Technology .......................................................................................... 12 4.6 Sea Farms .................................................................................................................................................... 12 5 Outreach ..........................................................................................................................................................13 6 Education .........................................................................................................................................................14 6.1 PhD-students ............................................................................................................................................... 14 6.2 MSc-students ............................................................................................................................................... 15 7 Approaches, ambitions and hypothesis ...........................................................................................................16 8 Background for MACROSEA .............................................................................................................................17 9 Work packages.................................................................................................................................................20 10 Main results .....................................................................................................................................................21 10.1 Seedling Biology .......................................................................................................................................... 21 Quality parameters and biological requirements for S. latissima and A. esculenta seedlings ...... 21 Optimizing of the seedlings protocol for Palmaria palmata cultivation........................................ 23 Publications .................................................................................................................................... 24 10.2 Sea Cultivation ............................................................................................................................................. 26 N metabolism in Saccharina latissima and the potential for IMTA ............................................... 26 A one-year monitoring program for Saccharina latissima ............................................................. 27 Cultivation strategies to optimize protein ..................................................................................... 29 Importance of physical, ecological and physiological factors for biofouling ................................. 29 Sea cultivation of Palmaria palmata.............................................................................................. 29 Publications .................................................................................................................................... 29 10.3 Genetics ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 Quality indicators (genetic markers) for cultivated macroalgae ................................................... 31 Genetic diversity of target species at different spatial scales. ...................................................... 32 Publications .................................................................................................................................... 36 PROJECT NO. REPORT NO. VERSION 302002488 (SINTEF) 2020:00056 Final report 3 of 56 A Knowledge Platform for Industrial Macroalgae Cultivation 10.4 Marine Modelling ........................................................................................................................................ 37 Kelp production potential in Norway ............................................................................................. 37 Updated growth model for S. latissima ......................................................................................... 37 Light and nutrient shading ............................................................................................................. 39 Dynamical growth model for bryozoan fouling on kelp fronds ..................................................... 39 Publications .................................................................................................................................... 40 10.5 Seedling, Deployment and Harvest Technology .......................................................................................... 42 Industrial production line for seedlings ......................................................................................... 42 Proof of concept on seeding systems ............................................................................................ 43 State of the art on automatic deployment and harvesting technology......................................... 47 Design study and concepts for deployment and harvesting.......................................................... 47 Publications ...................................................................................................................................
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