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GERMAN NAVY Records, 1854-1944 Reels M291-336A
AUSTRALIAN JOINT COPYING PROJECT GERMAN NAVY Records, 1854-1944 Reels M291-336A Historical Section The Admiralty Whitehall, London SW1 National Library of Australia State Library of New South Wales Filmed: 1959 CONTENTS Page 3 Historical note 5 Records of the Reichsmarine Amt, 1854-1913 9 Records of the Admiralstab der Marine, Abteilung B, 1880-1917 15 Records of the Oberkommando der Marine, Seekriegsleitung, 1939-44 16 Charts produced by the Reichsmarine, 1940-41 2 HISTORICAL NOTE The Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine) was created in 1871, succeeding the small navies of the Kingdom of Prussia and the North German Federation (1867-70). Its existence was recognised in the new constitution, but until 1888 it was commanded by generals and its role was mainly limited to coastal defence. In contrast to Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, Emperor Wilhelm II aspired to create a great German maritime empire. He became Grand Admiral of the German Navy and in 1889 made major changes to the organisation of the Admiralty. It was split into the Navy Cabinet, (Marine-Kabinett) responsible for appointments, promotions and issuing orders to naval forces, the Imperial High Command (Kaiserliche Oberkommando der Marine), responsible for ship deployments and strategy, and the Navy Office (Reichsmarine Amt ) responsible for the construction and maintenance of ships and obtaining supplies. The Navy Office was headed by a State Secretary, who was responsible to the Chancellor and who advised the Reichstag on naval matters. In 1899 the Imperial High Command was replaced by the Imperial Admiralty Staff (Admiralstab). Headed by Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, the Navy Office, which was located in the Leipzigerplatz in Berlin, was the more influential body. -
World War II at Sea This Page Intentionally Left Blank World War II at Sea
World War II at Sea This page intentionally left blank World War II at Sea AN ENCYCLOPEDIA Volume I: A–K Dr. Spencer C. Tucker Editor Dr. Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. Associate Editor Dr. Eric W. Osborne Assistant Editor Vincent P. O’Hara Assistant Editor Copyright 2012 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War II at sea : an encyclopedia / Spencer C. Tucker. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59884-457-3 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-59884-458-0 (ebook) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Naval operations— Encyclopedias. I. Tucker, Spencer, 1937– II. Title: World War Two at sea. D770.W66 2011 940.54'503—dc23 2011042142 ISBN: 978-1-59884-457-3 EISBN: 978-1-59884-458-0 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America To Malcolm “Kip” Muir Jr., scholar, gifted teacher, and friend. This page intentionally left blank Contents About the Editor ix Editorial Advisory Board xi List of Entries xiii Preface xxiii Overview xxv Entries A–Z 1 Chronology of Principal Events of World War II at Sea 823 Glossary of World War II Naval Terms 831 Bibliography 839 List of Editors and Contributors 865 Categorical Index 877 Index 889 vii This page intentionally left blank About the Editor Spencer C. -
Archived Content Information Archivée Dans Le
Archived Content Information identified as archived on the Web is for reference, research or record-keeping purposes. It has not been altered or updated after the date of archiving. Web pages that are archived on the Web are not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards. As per the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, you can request alternate formats on the "Contact Us" page. Information archivée dans le Web Information archivée dans le Web à des fins de consultation, de recherche ou de tenue de documents. Cette dernière n’a aucunement été modifiée ni mise à jour depuis sa date de mise en archive. Les pages archivées dans le Web ne sont pas assujetties aux normes qui s’appliquent aux sites Web du gouvernement du Canada. Conformément à la Politique de communication du gouvernement du Canada, vous pouvez demander de recevoir cette information dans tout autre format de rechange à la page « Contactez-nous ». CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE / COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES CSC 28 / CCEM 28 EXERCISE/EXERCICE NEW HORIZONS Operation “Weserübung Nord” The first Joint Operation of the Wehrmacht and the implications for success by / par Korvettenkapitän Henning Faltin (GE N) This paper was written by a student La présente étude a été rédigée par un attending the Canadian Forces College in stagiaire du Collège des Forces fulfillment of one of the requirements of canadiennes pour satisfaire à l'une des the Course of Studies. The paper is a exigences du cours. L'étude est un scholastic document, and thus contains document qui se rapporte au cours et facts and opinions, which the author alone contient donc des faits et des opinions que considered appropriate and correct for the seul l'auteur considère appropriés et subject. -
Dezember 2020 Ausgabe 62
Dezember 2020 Ausgabe 62 Großes Dankeschön Darin bedankt dieser sich im Namen des Deutschen Bundestages bei den Soldatinnen und Soldaten. Das Parlament sei sich bewusst, welche Verantwor- tung es mit jeder Entscheidung über Auslandsein- sätze der Bundeswehr für die Soldatinnen und Sol- daten übernehme. Die Flagge solle insoweit als Symbol der besonderen Verbundenheit zwischen Parlament und „Parlamentsarmee" stehen. Oberst Christian John freute sich sehr über diese symboli- sche Auszeichnung des LTG 62. „Wir werden einen besonderen Platz für die Flagge finden.", so der Kommodore. Mitflug im A400M Im weiteren Verlauf seines Truppenbesuches ließ sich der Inspekteur einen aktuellen Sachstand zur personellen und materiellen Einsatzbereitschaft des LTG 62 darstellen, sowie einsatzrelevante Aspekte des A400M erläutern. In Gesprächsrunden mit den Personalvertretungen, Vertrauenspersonen und Ein- Vor dem Flug: Briefing durch die Crew heitsführern des Geschwaders, informierte er sich interessiert über die aktuelle Situation der Geschwa- derangehörigen. Bei seiner Teilnahme an einem Als Dank - Flagge des Deutschen Bundestages Missionbriefing und dem Mitflug in einem A400M, für das LTG 62 konnte sich Generalleutnant Gerhartz persönlich ein Seit etwas mehr als einem Jahr sind Soldatinnen Bild von der Arbeit der Crew machen. Dabei sei es und Soldaten des Lufttransportgeschwaders 62 mit ihm wichtig, „die Piloten von der Missionsplanung an dem A400M in der Tankerrolle in Jordanien einge- zu begleiten, um die die Komplexität der Durchfüh- setzt. Im Rahmen des internationalen Einsatzes rung miterleben zu können." „Counter Daesh / Capacity Building Iraq" unterstüt- Text: ROS Martin Buschhorn zen sie dabei die beteiligten Partnernationen im Fotos:OSG Simon Otte Kampf gegen den so genannten „Islamischen Staat". Als Zeichen des Danks und der Anerkennung für die Verdienste wurde dem Geschwader durch den Bun- Inhalt Seite destagspräsidenten Ende September eine Bundes- Dankeschön des Bundestages 2 flagge verliehen, die zuvor auf einem der Ecktürme des Reichstagsgebäudes gehisst war. -
Innovation for Its Own Sake: the Type XXI U-Boat
Naval War College Review Volume 67 Article 9 Number 2 Spring 2014 Innovation for Its Own Sake: The yT pe XXI U- boat Marcus O. Jones Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Jones, Marcus O. (2014) "Innovation for Its Own Sake: The yT pe XXI U-boat," Naval War College Review: Vol. 67 : No. 2 , Article 9. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss2/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Jones: Innovation for Its Own Sake: The Type XXI U-boat INNOVATION FOR ITS OWN SAKE The Type XXI U-boat Marcus O. Jones he origins of this article lie in a new study of the Nazi German economy by Adam Tooze, a fragment of which argues that the need to overcome the Ttechnological deficit built by the Western Allies in antisubmarine warfare from 1939 triggered a major shift in U-boat design and production after 1943�1 Tooze points out that an emphasis on technological solutions to strategic and opera- tional problems had by that point become a hallmark of the Nazis’, and especially Hitler’s, thinking� (Other examples were the Tiger and Panther tanks at Kursk, both of which types proved dysfunctional as platforms, and neither of which proved decisive to the outcome�) So interpreted, the Nazi penchant -
At Zero Hour: the Government of Karl Dönitz, with Reflections As Seen in German Literature
AT ZERO HOUR: THE GOVERNMENT OF KARL DÖNITZ, WITH REFLECTIONS AS SEEN IN GERMAN LITERATURE Jonathan Edward Klein A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2006 Committee: Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor, History Theodore Rippey, Advisor, German Douglas Forsyth Kristie Foell ii ABSTRACT Drs. Beth Griech-Polelle and Theodore Rippey, Advisors With the suicide of Adolf Hitler at the end of April 1945, leadership of the Third Reich was passed, as per Hitler’s Testament, to Karl Dönitz. Dönitz had, up to that point, served as head of the U-boat or submarine fleet, and then as Grand Admiral of the entire German Navy, or Kriegsmarine. Very little analysis has been offered in current literature regarding the impact of the Dönitz government. Indeed, history texts rarely mention it. This thesis set out to do just that, using both historically oriented works and insights as provided by German literature of the period such as Heimkehrerliteratur and Trümmerliteratur. By investigating the works of Dönitz himself and those of various other personalities associated with his government, primary documents of the period, and secondary works on the period as well as the aforementioned literature genres, several conclusions were reached. The activities of the Dönitz government can be broken up into pre-surrender and post- surrender activities. Pre-surrender activities included the negotiations of surrender itself, which insofar as it was conducted in several stages, was not unconditional, as is often claimed. The other major pre-surrender activity was the decision to continue the war in the East while seeking peace with the West to allow evacuation of Germans from East Prussia. -
Kriegstagebuch Der Seekriegsleitung 1939-1945
Kriegstagebuch der Seekriegsleitung 1939-1945 Teil A Band 2 Oktober 1939 Im Auftrag des MilitärgeschichtlichenM il itärgeschichtl ichen Forschungsamtes in Verbindung mit dem Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv und der Marine-Offizier-Vereinigung herausgegeben von Werner Rahn und Gerhard Schreiber unter Mitwirkung von Hansjoseph Maierhöfer SEIT 1789 Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn • Herford • Bonn Signatur der Originalakte im Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv: RM 7/5 Frühere Signaturen: Kriegswissenschaftliche Abteilung der Marine (Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine/Skl) Kr 22/Chef Britische Admiralität Case GE 102 PG 32022 Dokumentenzentrale des MGFA III M 1000/21000'2 Die Faksimile-Edition wurde ermöglicht durch eine namhafte Unterstützung des Bundesarchivs und der Marine-Offizier-Hilfe e.V. CIP-Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Deutschland <Deut»ches«Deutsches Reich>Reich« / Seekriegsleitung: Kriegstagebuch der Seekriegsleitung 1939-1945 / im Auftr. d. Militärgeschichtl.Militargeschichtl. Forschungsamtes in Verbindung mit d. Bundesarchiv-MilitärarchivBundesarchiv-Militärarehiv u.d. Marine-Offtzier-VereinigungMarine-Offizier-Vereinigung hrsg. von Werner Rahn u. Gerhard Schreiber unter Mitw. von Hansjoseph Maierhöfer.Maierhöfen - Herford ; Bonn : Mittler NE:NE Rahn, Werner [Hrsg.];[Hrsg.J; HST Teil A. Bd. 2. Oktober 1939. - 1988 ISBN 3-8132-0602-5 ISBN 3 8132 0602 5; Warengruppe Nr. 21 © 1988 by Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH, Herford Alle Rechte, insbesondere das der Übersetzung, Vorbehalten Einbandgestaltung: Regina Meinecke,Memecke, Hamburg Produktion: Heinz KameierKamtier Gesamtherstellung: Hans Kock Buch- und Offsetdruck GmbH, Bielefeld Printed in Germany Hinweise zur Edition (Ausführlich dazu Bd 1, S. 9-E ff.) Alle Anmerkungen folgen — bei fortlaufender Seitenzählung — den Eintragungen des KTB, wobei die Paginierung durch den Zusatzbuchstaben »A« von derjenigen des Originals unterschieden wird (z.B. S. 221-A). -
Long Night of the Tankers: Hitler's War Against Caribbean
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2014 Long Night of the Tankers: Hitler’s War Against Caribbean Oil Bercuson, David J.; Herwig, Holger H. University of Calgary Press Bercuson, D. J. & Herwig, H. H. "Long Night of the Tankers: Hitler’s War Against Caribbean Oil". Beyond Boundaries: Canadian Defence and Strategic Studies Series; 4. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/49998 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca University of Calgary Press www.uofcpress.com LONG NIGHT OF THE TANKERS: HITLER’S WAR AGAINST CARIBBEAN OIL David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig ISBN 978-1-55238-760-3 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
Index of CAPTAIN's LOG #18-#47 A
Index of CAPTAIN’S LOG #18-#47 After Action, Klingon B10 Fleet Box: CL23 A After Action, Last Stand, Star Fleet Marines: CL47 A Call to Arms: See Call to Arms, A After Action, Magnificent Seven: CL47 A-6 Attack Shuttle, Developmental History of: CL30 After Action, PD20M Romulans: CL45 ADB Employment Application (humor): CL42 After Action, Reinforcements Attack: CL47 ADB Games You’ll Never See: CL45 After Action, Romulans PD20M: CL45 Admiral’s Game, Update: CL31, CL36 After Action, SFB Advanced Missions, 2013 edition: CL46 Advanced Ground Combat: CL31 After Action, SFB Module A+: CL26 Advanced Operations: See F&E Advanced Operations. After Action, SFB Module C1: See Ask Kommodore Ketrick, After Action CL19 After Action Report, CL32: CL33 After Action, SFB Module C3, Andro Threat file: CL43 After Action Report, Klingon Attack: CL33 After Action, SFB Module C3A: CL43 After Action, Advanced Missions 99: CL19 After Action, SFB Module C4: CL18 After Action, Basic Set 99: CL19 After Action, SFB Module C4: See Ask Kommodore Ketrick: After Action, Battleship Admiral, Starmada: CL47 CL18 After Action, Battleships Attack: CL36 After Action, SFB Module C5 Magellanics: CL34 After Action, Boosters 34-36: CL45 After Action, SFB Module E1: CL20 After Action, Cadet Training Handbook: CL18 After Action, SFB Module E3: CL23 After Action, Campaign Designer’s Handbook: CL18 After Action, SFB Module E3: CL43 After Action, Captain’s Log #0: CL41, Designer’s Notes After Action, SFB Module F1: CL31 CL40SF After Action, SFB Module F2: CL32 After Action, Captain’s -
Marine, Nationalsozialismus Und Widerstand
WALTER BAUM MARINE, NATIONALSOZIALISMUS UND WIDERSTAND Fritz Hartung zum 80. Geburtstag I Die Ernennung Hitlers zum Reichskanzler am 30. Januar 1933, zu der die deut sche Marine ebensowenig unmittelbar beigetragen hatte wie das Heer1, wurde von ihr nicht nur ohne erkennbaren Widerspruch hingenommen, sondern großenteils begrüßt2. Warnende oder ablehnende Stimmen waren jedenfalls nicht zu hören. Daß ein älterer Seeoffizier als „Preuße" dem „Österreicher" Hitler gegenüber ge wisse Vorbehalte empfand3, war innerhalb der Marine, die sich etwas darauf zu gutehielt, der „Schmelztiegel der Nation" zu sein und von landsmannschaftlichen Ressentiments nichts zu wissen4, eine Ausnahme, die noch weniger politisches Gewicht besaß als vereinzelte skeptische Worte bei Messegesprächen in jener Zeit5. Was indes in der Heimat immerhin möglich gewesen wäre, war „draußen" so gut wie undenkbar. Die „einwandfreie Haltung" des Kreuzers „Köln" z. B., der im Dezember 1932 mit Kadetten zu einer Schulschiffreise ausgelaufen war und den 30. Januar 1933 in Übersee erlebte6, verstand sich daher von selbst. Verwirrende, auf Sensationsmeldungen der Auslandspresse beruhende Vorstellungen von den neuen Zuständen in der Heimat konnten sich allenfalls vorübergehend auf die „Stimmung", aber nicht auf die „Haltung" der Offiziersanwärter auswirken; nach ihrer Berichtigung noch unterwegs durch die jüngeren Kameraden auf der „Karls ruhe", die bei ihrer Ausfahrt der heimkehrenden „Köln" begegnete, war das Un behagen rasch verflogen7. 1 Vgl. H. Krausnick, Vorgeschichte und Beginn des militärischen Widerstandes gegen Hitler, in: Die Vollmacht des Gewissens, hrsg. von der Europäischen Publikation e. V., München 1956, S. 193ff., 200; W. Sauer, bei Karl Dietrich Bracher, Die Auflösung der Weimarer Republik . ., 2. Aufl., Stuttgart-Düsseldorf 1957, S. 283f. 2 Institut für Zeitgeschichte, Archiv, Zeugenschrifttum (zit.: IfZ, Zs.) Nr. -
The Armoured Commerce Raider 1914-1942. the Mirage of An
Michael H. Clemmesen 14.8.2010 The Armoured Commerce Raider 19141942. The mirage of an indirect path to victory for the weaker navy? “As the primary objective in naval war is the enemy transport capacity and his sea lines of communication, there will also be operational possibilities against a superior opponent without an initial defeat of his battle fleet …”1 Panzerschiff DEUTSCHLAND. (commons.wikimedia.org) Operation “Weserübung”, the German strategic coup against Norway and Denmark on 9 April 1940 has been seen as inspired by the writings of Wolfgang Wegener during and after World War I, as he recommended the expansion of his navy’s narrow base of operation by gaining access to North Sea bases in the Nordic States. The idea of a bright officer from the service periphery inspiring strategic doctrine by bypassing the correct formal channels is, however, fundamentally naïve. It ignores the automatic negative reaction of senior officers and colleagues in any military bureaucracy to somebody that is seen acting in a disloyal and self‐ promoting way. In a peace‐time military critical widely circulated writings of a young or midcareer officer are most likely to be disregarded as signs of arrogance, immaturity or lack of access to the “full picture” (including the political realities in the capital). Later in the critic’s life they might be ignored as driven by career frustrations. In war‐time implicit criticism of the service leadership is intolerable and dangerous. A service leadership may encourage and reward internal elite debate to keep it flexible and identify talent, however neither Tirpitz’ war‐time Kaiserliche Marine nor Raeder´s peace‐time Reichmarine can be considered particularly tolerant of challenges to the dogmas of the service’s leaders. -
German U-Boats in the Atlantic, 1939-43
Jones A Hopeless Gambit? 研究会記録 A Hopeless Gambit? - German U-Boats in the Atlantic, 1939-43 - Marcus Jones Many remember the Battle of the Atlantic as a decisive campaign of the Second World War.1 As in the First World War, Allied strategy against Germany depended on whether Britain and the United States could maintain shipping routes across the north Atlantic: western support of the Soviet Union, the North African campaigns, and, not least, the eventual invasion of the European continent all depended on success against the U-boats. The stakes of the Atlantic war are less clear for Nazi Germany, however. The grand strategic objective of the country’s megalomaniacal leader, Adolf Hitler, was the creation of a Thousand Year Reich through the conquest of living space in the east and brutal subjugation or elimination of the native peoples there. As he reiterated on many occasions, securing his westward flank need not have involved the complete subordination of Britain; indeed, he struggled with that question until December 1941, and at various turns complained that the only obstacle to a settlement was the intransigent Winston Churchill. Regardless, the struggle for the sea lanes is frequently viewed as a resounding German defeat, alternately tragic or gratifying based on how one judges the motivations of the U-boat crews. It is difficult to escape the impression that the German navy waged an essentially hopeless war against a vastly superior foe – superior in wealth, resources, personnel, technological capacity, and especially strategic depth. And at least on an operational level, the German campaign against Allied shipping was indeed a dismal failure.