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From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division. From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.

You can find the rest of this four page letter dispersed throughout the program. TABLE OF CONTENTS 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History

Global War: Historical Perspectives

Words of Welcome...... 2-5 SMH Officers, Trustees and Coordinator...... 6-7 Journal Military History...... 8 SMH Committees...... 9-15 Keynote Speaker...... 16 About the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience...... 17-18 Florida State University...... 19-20 Sponsors...... 21 Special Thanks...... 22 Field Trips...... 23-25 Hotel Maps...... 26-27 Program Schedule...... 29-32 Presidential and Vice Presidential Panels...... 33 Panel Matrix...... 34-36 Session Schedule...... 37-90 Photo and Media Reproduction Release Statement...... 91 Exhibitors...... 93 Exhibitor Floor Plan...... 94 Advertisements...... 95-110 Travel Grant Program...... 112 Call for Papers SMH 2018...... 113-114

ON THE COVER: On the Cover is a watercolor painting from the Peter Sanfilippo Collection (98.0731) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.

Relief Column (Tunisia, Africa 1943) - There is hardly an occurrence more appreciative to an exhaustive soldier than the belated arrival of a relief column of fresh troops. Witnessing such a welcomed view reassures a battered man’s faith in his fellow comrades. The unnerved and wounded are resurrected in spirit to thrive, and thus persevere in a new day.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 1 Dear Conference Delegates,

It is a great pleasure to welcome you to Jacksonville, and the 84th Annual Meeting of the Society of Military History hosted by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience Department of History, Florida State University. Our yearly gathering offers an opportunity to learn about cutting-edge research in our field, a moment to welcome graduate students just joining the profession, and time to reconnect with old friends while making new ones. The Program Committee has assembled an outstanding program that should spur much conversation over the next few days. We are all in their debt for the hours of hard work they voluntarily dedicated to crafting this excellent array of panels and roundtables.

I would like to highlight a few key events at this year’s meeting.

The two Presidential panels continue the SMH tradition of building bridges with other professional organizations to highlight the relevance of military history discipline-wide. This year, our two presidential panel co-sponsors are the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians.

This past year, the SMH created a Committee for Excellence in Teaching Military History, and from this point forward, the SMH annual conference program will include two Vice-Presidential panels dedicated to exploring issues related to teaching military history. This year’s teaching panels examine using digital resources and strategies for making military history accessible to students. I am particularly excited about this new initiative which will increase our outreach and help ensure that military history remains a vital part of the curriculum.

2 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History For the first time, the Program Committee has organized a graduate student poster session on Friday afternoon, followed by our traditional Graduate Student reception. Please take a moment to stop by and discuss the work of our young scholars.

Robert Berlin is retiring as Executive Director of the SMH after this conference, but he is not leaving us. The Board recently appointed Bob to a two-year term as our delegate to the annual American Learned Council Society conference. Nonetheless, Bob’s retirement marks a major milestone for the SMH, and it has been a privilege to work with him. We will recognize Bob formally at the banquet.

Finally, our annual meeting gives us a chance to say good-bye to our late past President Jeffrey Grey. Jeff considered the SMH his second home, and becoming its president was one of the highlights of his illustrious career. We are honored that Emma Grey accepted our invitation to attend the meeting. Emma, along with others, will speak at a special hour dedicated to “Commemorating Jeff Grey” on Friday afternoon. To allow the entire membership to attend, no other sessions or meetings are scheduled. A second panel focusing on Jeff’s scholarship, teaching, and mentoring will take place on Saturday afternoon.

I dedicate the 84th Annual Meeting of the Society of Military History to President Jeffrey Grey, scholar, teacher, mentor, and friend.

Jennifer D. Keene

President, Society of Military History

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 3 Dear Colleagues,

On behalf of the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience, part of the History Department at Florida State University, I am pleased to extend a warm welcome to Florida’s largest city. My staff and I know that Jacksonville has much to offer visitors. Though Florida State University is based 180 miles away in Florida’s state capital, Tallahassee, we have had many trips to Jacksonville over the past several years. We encourage you to visit the Cummer Museum of Art, the Jacksonville Zoo, and the nearby beaches. Within walking distance of the Hyatt are the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Florida Theatre, the Times-Union Center for the Performing Arts, and a superb used bookstore, Chamblin’s Uptown.

In hosting the 84th Annual Meeting, we are particularly proud to have organized a series of programs geared to Society for Military History members and the general public. While the central purpose of any academic conference is to promote the exchange of ideas among scholars, the Institute believes that it is vital to promote a better understanding of military history among the general public. Moreover, we believe there is a receptive public for our work and we hope future meeting organizers will make it a tradition to sponsor a public book signing for SMH book prize winners. This year’s book signing will take place at a local Barnes and Noble on Friday evening and this event is listed in your program along with several other public ones.

As many of you know, I hosted the 2003 meeting in Knoxville, Tennessee. In organizing this year’s gathering, I cannot help but reflect on the significant growth of the SMH in the last fourteen years. Our meetings have grown in attendance, the number of publishers present at the book exhibit, and the quality of scholarly papers presented. The Society now supports graduate students with competitive travel grants and hosts a graduate reception.

4 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History Why does any organization or individual undertake the task of coordinating an academic meeting? Certainly we hope to bring greater visibility of the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience and highlight the overall strength of the History Department at Florida State University, but more importantly, gatherings like ours continue to play a vital role in advancing scholarship. They serve as important forums where senior scholars mentor junior ones, especially those still completing their doctorates.

Thank you for the opportunity to host another society meeting and also express my appreciation for the hard work of several committees including the Program, Awards and Teaching Committees and the Executive Director, Robert H. Berlin and Society President, Jennifer D. Keene. A special note of commendation is due to the entire staff of the Institute, especially Anne Marsh, Jordan Bolan, Jill Szaroleta, Amelia Cross, Megan Quinn, and Mike Kasper.

Hoping your time in Jacksonville is productive and enjoyable,

G. Kurt Piehler Director/Associate Professor of History Institute on World War II and the Human Experience Department of History Florida State University [email protected] ww2.fsu.edu

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 5 THE SOCIETY FOR MILITARY HISTORY OFFICERS President...... Jennifer D. Keene

Vice President...... Sarandis (Randy) Papadopoulos

Vice President Elect...... John W. Hall

Executive Director...... Robert H. Berlin

Treasurer-Comptroller...... Graham Cosmas

Journal Editor...... Bruce Vandervort

Recording Secretary and Photographer...... Hal M. Friedman

Webmaster and Newsletter Editor...... Kurt Hackemer

Archivist...... Paul A. Thomsen

Parliamentarian...... William T. Allison

Mark Grimsley SMH Fellow in Social Media...... Heather Salazar

BOARD OF TRUSTEES Terms

Expiring in 2017 Expiring in 2019

Bill Allison Wayne E. Lee

Tami D. Biddle Peter R. Mansoor

John Sebastian Cox Marc Milner

Kelly DeVries Katherine K. Reist

Ricardo A. Herrera Jacqueline E. Whitt

Janet G. Valentine Andrew A. Wiest

6 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History REGIONAL COORDINATORS Region I: Europe, Africa, Middle East...... David Ian Hall

Region II: E. Canada, New York, and New England...... Steve Waddell

Region III: Mid Atlantic...... Sarandis (Randy) Papadopoulos

Region IV: South...... Vacant

Region V: Midwest...... Hal M. Friedman

Region VI: Great Plains...... Joseph Fitzharris

Region VII: Southwest...... Ellen Tillman

Region VIII: Pacific Coast...... David M. Livingstone

Region IX: Pacific...... Brian Farrell

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 7 JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY The Journal of Military History, the quarterly journal of the Society for Military History, has published scholarly articles on the military history of all eras and geographical areas since 1937. The Journal is fully refereed. It publishes articles, book reviews, a list of recent articles dealing with military history published by other journals, an annual list of doctoral dissertations in military history, and an annual index.

EDITORIAL STAFF Editor...... Bruce Vandervort

Associate Editor...... Timothy C. Dowling

Managing Editor and Business Editor...... Roberta Wiener

Associate Editor...... Anne S. Wells

Assistant Editor...... James R. Arnold

Assistant Editor...... Blair P. Turner

Editorial Assistant...... Kachina D. Johnson

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Susannah J. Ural...... Chair, University of Southern Mississippi

Mark E. Grotelueschen (2018)...... U.S. Air Force Academy

John W. Hall (2017)...... University of Wisconsin

Richard R. Muller (2017) ...... Air University

Ethan S. Rafuse (2017)...... U.S. Army Command General Staff College

Brian Holden Reid (2017)...... King’s College

Frank Wetta (2017)...... Kean University

John D. Hosler (2018)...... Morgan State University

Frederick C Schneid (2018)...... High Point University

Everett L. Wheeler (2018)...... Duke University

Roger Sarty (2019)...... Wilfrid Laurier University

8 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SMH COMMITTEES 2017 Annual Meeting Program Committee John Curatola...... Chair, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Alison Abra...... University of Southern Mississippi

Dale Clifford...... University of North Florida (emeritus)

Michael Creswell...... Florida State University

Sarah Myers...... St. Francis University

G. Kurt Piehler...... Florida State University

Debra Sheffer...... Park University

Andrew Stewart...... King’s College London

Kara Dixon Vuic...... Texas Christian University

Book Awards Committee Patrick Speelman...... Chair, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy

Kevin Holzimmer...... U.S. Air Command and Staff College

Gervase Phillips...... Manchester Metropolitan University

Margaret Sankey...... Air War College

Heather Stur...... University of Southern Mississippi

Moncado Prize Committee Robert Foley...... King’s College London

Irving Levinson...... University of Texas- Pan American

Stephen Morillo...... Wabash College

Debra Sheffer...... Chair, Park University

Robert P. Wettemann, Jr...... U.S. Air Force Academy

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 9 Russell F. Weigley Graduate Student Travel Grants and ABC-CLIO Research Grants Award Committee Adam Seipp...... Chair, Texas A&M University

Margaret Hutchison...... University of New South Wales, Canberra

Chad Williams...... Brandeis University

Edward M. Coffman First Manuscript Awards Committee Samuel J. Watson IV...... Chair, U.S. Military Academy

Beth Bailey...... University of Kansas

Brian K. Feltman...... Georgia Southern University

Society of Military History- George C. Marshall Foundation Prize for the Use of Technology in Teaching Military History Ty Seidule...... Chair, U.S. Military Academy

Barbara Gannon...... University of Central Florida

Rob Havers...... George C. Marshall Foundation

Allan R. Millett Dissertation Fellowship Committee Joan E. Cashin...... Chair, Ohio State University

Richard N. Grippaldi...... Rutgers University- New Brunswick

Ellen D. Tillman...... Texas State University

Kenneth G. Johnson...... USAF Air Command and Staff College

Paul D. Lockhart...... Wright State University

10 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History George C. Marshall Lecture Committee Sarandis (Randy) Papadopoulos...... Chair, Department of the U.S. Navy

Gregory Daddis...... Chapman University

Hal M. Friedman...... Henry Ford College

Michael V. Leggiere...... University of North Texas

Edward G. Lengel...... University of Virginia

Allan R. Millett...... University of New Orleans

Rob Havers...... George C. Marshall Foundation

Mark Stoler...... University of Vermont (emeritus)

Graduate Student Prize in Applied Military History Committee Mark Moyar...... Chair, Center for Military and Diplomatic History

Peter Mansoor...... The Ohio State University

Robert Wettemann...... U.S. Air Force Academy

Ellen Tillman...... Texas State University

Finance Committee Robert H. Berlin...... Chair

Graham A. Cosmas...... Independent Scholar

David R. Burford...... Mississippi State University

Matthew J. Seelinger...... Army Historical Foundation

Frank Wetta...... Kean University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 11 Membership Committee Stephen Bourque...... Chair, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Michael Bechtold...... Wilfrid Laurier University

Holly Mayer...... Duquesne University

Jörg Muth...... Prince Mohammad Bin Fah University

Susannah Ural...... University of Southern Mississippi

Cameron Zinsou...... Mississippi State University

Timothy S. Wolters...... Iowa State University

Long Range Planning Committee Joseph T. Glatthaar...... University of North Carolina

Brian M. Linn...... Texas A&M University

Timothy K. Nenninger...... National Archives

Reina Pennington...... Norwich University

Carol Reardon...... Pennsylvania State University

Alex Roland...... Duke University

Gregory J.W. Urwin...... Temple University

SMH Blogging Team Margaret Sankey, Moderator/Administrator...... Minnesota State University Moorhead

Robert L. Bateman III...... U.S. Army

Mark Grimsley...... The Ohio State University

Brett Holman...... Melbourne Australia

Jamel M. Ostwald...... Eastern Connecticut State University

Brian Sandberg...... Northern Illinois University

12 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SMH Facebook/Twitter Management Team Terry Beckenbaugh...... Department of Military History, CGSC

Galen Perras...... University of Ottawa

Heather Salazar ...... Mark Grimsley SMH Fellow in Social Media

Gregory N. Stern...... Ph.D. Candidate, Florida State University

Mary Elizabeth Walters...... Ph.D. candidate University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

SMH Nominating Committee Brian Linn...... Chair, Texas A & M University

Greg Daddis...... Chapman University

Jennifer Speelman...... U.S. Merchant Marine Academy

Digital History Committee Erik Villard...... Chair, U.S. Army Center of Military History

Michael J. Doidge...... Command Historian, Defense Centers of Excellence

Sharon Tosi Lacey...... U.S. Army Center of Military History

Bob Mages...... U.S. Army Center of Military History

Joseph Seymour...... U.S. Army Center of Military History

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 13 Committee on Excellence in Teaching Military History David Silbey...... Chair, Cornell University

Lee Eysturlid...... Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

David Fitzpatrick...... Washtenaw Community College

Rick Herrera...... U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Wayne Lee...... University of North Carolina

Stephen Morillo...... Wabash University

Heather Stur...... University of Southern Mississippi

Emily Swafford...... American Historical Association

Kara Dixon Vuic...... Texas Christian University

Jacqueline Whitt...... Army War College

Jennifer Zoebelein...... Kansas State University

Annual Meeting Coordinators 2017 Jacksonville, Florida...... G. Kurt Piehler, Florida State University

2018 Louisville, Kentucky...... Daniel Krebs, University of Louisville

2019 Columbus, Ohio...... Peter Mansoor, Ohio State University

2020 Arlington, Virginia...... Matthew J. Seelinger, Army Historical Foundation

Graduate Student Council Representative Cameron Zinsou...... University of Southern Mississippi

SMH American Council of Learned Societies Delegate Robert H. Berlin

14 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History Organizers G. Kurt Piehler, Coordinator

Anne Marsh, Associate Coordinator, Budget, Registration, and Field Trips

Jordan Bolan, Associate Coordinator, Conference Floor Manager and Publications

Jill Szaroleta, Associate Coordinator, Public Programs

Richard Siegler, Associate Coordinator, Webmaster

Megan Quinn, Associate Coordinator, Book Exhibit

Amelia Cross, Associate Coordinator, Publicity

Emily Woessner, Assistant Coordinator, Distinguished Guests

Eleanor Clark, Assistant Coordinator, Publicity

Hannah Shapiro, Assistant Coordinator, Press

Liesa Abel, Assistant Coordinator, Editorial Support

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 15 Keynote Speaker

16 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History The 84th Annual Meeting is hosted by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Housed in the Department of History at Florida State University, the Institute is one part of a strong War and Society program found in the department. The Institute on World War II was founded in 1997 by the late Dr. William Oldson, who sought to preserve the photographs, letters, and artifacts of service members and their families, often saving these items from being thrown away completely. Our first major collections came from Paul Dougherty, a photographer with the 9th Air Force and 3rd Army, and George R. Langford, who served in the 20th Armored Division under General Patton in France.

Since 1997, our work has continued to enable thousands of veterans to preserve their legacies of service, and our collections of primary resources now total almost 7,000, largely in the form of personal papers. These collections are contained in nearly 800 cubic feet of paper documents, 75 cubic feet of photographs, 382 linear feet of books, more than 600 maps, paintings, and magazines, and 300 cubic feet of artifacts. These collections came to Tallahassee from 49 states and Washington, DC, as well as dozens of international collections from around the world. One of the Institute’s largest collections, donated by Tom Brokaw, contains the thousands of letters, photographs, manuscripts, and books he collected while writing his Greatest Generation books.

Each year, the Institute sponsors events that seek to bring new perspectives and cutting edge scholarship to the Florida State community. Our lecture program brings leading scholars to campus for speaking engagements semi-annually since 2012, including Conrad Crane, Sheldon Garon, John Kinder, Barak Kushner, Judy Litoff, and others. Additionally, we have sponsored two international academic conferences in Tallahassee, one focusing on the Global History of Religion in the Second World War and the other examining Comparative Home Fronts. Other initiatives have led to a exhibit, “Witness to War” at the John & Mable Ringling Museum of Art, Sarasota, Florida (2013) that included selections from the Institute’s extensive photographic collections. The exhibit “The Human Experience,” at the Florida State University Museum of Fine Arts (2015) offered a comprehensive overview of the Institute’s extensive holdings of documents and artifacts.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 17 The Institute has strived to not only serve the needs of scholars, but also make our facilities a living history laboratory for students at Florida State University. Through digital humanities projects like crowdsourcing letter and diary transcriptions, digitization of photographic collections, and hands-on learning for students in Museum Studies, the Institute on World War II serves as a distinctive resource for students learning how to “do” history in the twenty-first century.

We welcome researchers seeking to investigate any aspect of World War II. The Institute’s collections strengths include the American home front, the role of women, the European, Pacific, and China-Burma-India Theaters of Operations, the American Merchant Marine, and the American occupation of Germany and Japan. Our collections have been used in a number of publications and media projects, including the History Channel documentary series, The Color of War.

Currently, we are in the process of adding our internal database and finding aids to the FSU Archon system, which can be found at: http://fsuarchon.fcla.edu. While Archon still represents a small portion of our holdings, you can find more collections by submitting a formal research inquiry to our staff at [email protected].

If you are interested in planning a research trip to FSU and the Institute on World War II, note also that we now offer a competitive travel grant for scholars and advanced graduate students. As a result of a gift from the late Thomas S. Cundy, Sr., the Institute’s Cundy Travel Grant is in its second year and helps fund travel to Tallahassee for research in the Institute’s Collections.

For more information, visit the Institute’s website at: http://ww2.fsu.edu or contact, Professor G. Kurt Piehler, Institute Director, at [email protected].

18 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY John Thrasher, President

Sally E. McRorie, Vice President of Academic Affairs and Provost

Gary K. Ostrander, Vice President for Research

College of Arts and Science

Sam Huckaba, Dean

Laurel Fulkerson, Associate Dean

Nancy Smilowitz, Assistant Dean

Department of History

Edward Gray, Chair

Suzanne Sinke, Director of Graduate Studies

Claudia Liebeskind, Director of Undergraduate Studies

THE INSTITUTE ON WORLD WAR II AND THE HUMAN EXPERIENCE G. Kurt Piehler, Director and Associate Professor of History

Mike Kasper, Archivist

Anne Marsh, Administrative Assistant

Annika Culver, Consultant for Asia-Pacific War, 1937-1945

Jordan Bolan, Senior Assistant and Intern Coordinator

Richard Siegler, Webmaster

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 19 Assistants

Christina Armes Jacob Groh Lyndee Rose

Caroline Bowers Destinee Haller Hannah Shapiro

Lorenzo Bright Jeff Henley Michela Sieman

Eleanor Clark Michelle Ibarra Scott Sinisi

Amelia Cross Chris Kapustin Jill Szaroleta

Connor Doke Brianna McLean Thomas Thomas

John Eubanks Gillian Morton Emily Woessner

Olivia Foley Megan Quinn Julianna Witt

20 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SPONSORS The Institute on World War II and the Human Experience

Department of History

Florida State University

Earl “Bill” Bailey

Pearl Tyner, Florida State College for Women – class of 1930

Harold and Kay Ronson

Jonathan and Dorothy Rintels Charitable Foundation

The College of Arts and Sciences

Florida State University

The Veterans Legacy Center

“Supporting Veterans, Past, Present, and Future”

Florida State University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 21 SPECIAL THANKS The conference organizers would like to thank the following individuals and organizations that helped make this event possible:

Society of Military History Visit Jacksonville Robert H. “Bob” Berlin Nicole Chapman Kurt Hackemer Jennifer D. Keene Hyatt Regency Jacksonville Roberta Wiener Riverfront Michael James Florida State University Rafe Blaufarb Barnes and Noble Booksellers Kyle Bracken Steve Tool Chris Crenshaw Michael Creswell Consultant Amy Farnum-Patronis Carmen Godwin Billy Francis

Laurel Fulkerson Cummer Museum Jonathan Grant Cara Bowyer Sheryl A. Grossman Nelda Damiano Sam Huckaba Holly Keris Thomas Jennings Lynn Norris Chris Juergens Brandon McCray Target Print and Mail Sarah J. Reed Tracy Cohen Nancy Smilowitz Hillary Sebeny University of North Florida Charles Clossman Denice Fett

22 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History FIELD TRIPS Fernandina Beach Tour Kingsley Plantation, Karibo Café Restaurant, and Fort Clinch

Thursday, March 30, 2017 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM Transportation to be provided Cost: $90 per person Minimum: 24 People

A guided tour of Kingsley Plantation at the Timucuan Ecological & Historic Preserve in Jacksonville will kick off the exploration. Built by influential Second- Spanish Period merchant and planter Zephaniah Kingsley and his Senegalese wife Anna Madigine Jai, Kingsley Plantation offers a fascinating glimpse into Florida’s colonial past as well as the African American history of the Southeast.

Amelia Island, an iconic sea island located less than an hour north of downtown Jacksonville, offers a whole new world of discovery. Karibo Café, located in downtown Fernandina Beach in the heart of Amelia Island, offers a menu comprised of “eclectic cuisine and affordable gourmet” dishes. A limited menu will be offered on this visit to the group.

After lunch the group will tour Fort Clinch, a masonry coastal fortification first constructed in the decade after the Second Seminole War. Fort Clinch served as a base of operations for Union forces after 1862 and housed troops during the Spanish-American War a generation later. As the centerpiece of Fort Clinch State Park today, the fort straddles nature and history.

Walking Tour – Top to Bottom

Friday, March 31, 2017 9:45 AM - 12:00 PM Cost: $25.00 per person

A 10-block walk, lasting an hour and 50 minutes, the “Top to Bottom” tour explores 7 buildings in downtown Jacksonville. While gazing on a rooftop and exploring the secret underground tunnels beneath downtown, hear the stories of the River City from the Great Fire to the First Hollywood. Experience the behind the scenes stops exclusive to Jacksonville.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 23 Museum of Contemporary Art

Friday, March 31, 2017 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM Cost: $20.00 per person (Guided Tour) Minimum: 10 People

A 16-minute walk from the Hyatt Regency, the Museum of Contemporary Art is a private, nonprofit visual arts educational institution of the University of North Florida. MOCA Jacksonville works to serve the community and emphasize modern and contemporary art from 1960-present. MOCA Jacksonville creates more than 95% of its exhibition along with catalogs and scholarly commentary.

Cummer Museum and Lunch

Saturday, April 1, 2017 10:00 AM - 1:30 PM Cost: $50.00 per person Minimum: 24 People

The Cummer Museum of Arts & Gardens, located on the banks of the St. Johns River, houses nearly 5,000 objects in its permanent collection of world-class pieces from 2100 B.C to the 21st century. Its century-old history bears the design of the first names in landscape design and horticulture. Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of the Cummer Museum’s Olmsted Garden, was among the first to regard landscape architecture as a profession and a fine art, virtually creating the profession. The 2.5 acres of historic gardens exemplify the 20th century garden design comprised of fountains, reflecting pools, and sculptures throughout the grounds. One of Jacksonville’s oldest trees, the Majestic Cummer Oak, with a canopy of more than 150 feet can also be found here.

24 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History St. Augustine Tour Ft. Castillo De San Marcos, Conch House Restaurant, and Flagler College

Sunday, April 2, 2017 10:30 AM - 5:30 PM Transportation to be provided Cost: $90.00 per person Minimum: 24 People

Unique to North American architecture, the Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fortress in the United States. With the “bastion system” of fortification, the fort displays the culmination of hundreds of years of military defense and engineering. It is one of only two fortifications worldwide built from of a semi-rare limestone called coquina.

Lunch at the Conch House Restaurant will feel like a trip to the Caribbean with the chance to dine under palm trees or even in one of the unique grass huts out over the water. Specializing in seafood, chicken, steaks, and delightful salads, the Conch House offers an authentic Caribbean-style dining experience. Though a limited menu will be given for our group, the Conch House will not disappoint.

Named 2nd in the U.S News & World Report’s Best College guide for Best Regional College in the South, Flagler’s coastal campus is rich with history. Located in the nation’s oldest city, Flagler College is a small, private residential university displaying stunning Spanish architecture. Tours offered spotlight the architectural heritage of the former Hotel Ponce de Leon, built by Henry M. Flagler. The world’s largest collection of Louis Comfort Tiffany stained-glass windows can be found in Flagler’s dining hall surrounded by hand painted murals on both the walls and the ceiling.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 25 26 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 27 From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.

28 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PROGRAM SCHEDULE THURSDAY, MARCH 30, 2017 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM Tour - Kingsley Plantation, lunch at Café Karibo and Ft. Clinch - Meet outside near lobby doors in front of St. Johns River 12:00 PM - 8:00 PM Registration (2nd Floor) 12:00 PM – 5:00 PM Executive Board Meeting – River Terrace 1, (3rd Floor) 1:00 PM - 5:00 PM Exhibitor Set-Up – Ballrooms 5 – 8 (2nd Floor) 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM Public Lecture “Re-Examining French Success in the First Italian Campaign 1796-97” - Ballroom 3 (2nd Floor) 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Opening Reception - Foyer (2nd Floor)

FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 2017 7:00 AM - 8:30 AM Continental Breakfast for those staying at the Hyatt – Foyer (2nd Floor) 7:30 AM - 8:30 AM Journal of Military History Editorial Breakfast – City Terrace 4 (3rd Floor) 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Registration (2nd Floor) 8:30 AM - 10:00 AM SESSION 1 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM Exhibit Hall Open – Ballrooms 5 – 8 (2nd Floor) 10:00 AM - 10:30 AM Break – Ballroom 5 -8 (Exhibitor Hall) 2nd Floor 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM Tour – Top to Bottom Walking - Meet outside near lobby doors in front of St. Johns River 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM SESSION 2 12:00 PM - 1:30 PM Awards Luncheon – Ballroom 4 (2nd Floor) 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM Memorial to Jeffrey Grey – Ballroom 4 (2nd Floor)

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 29 3:00 PM - 3:30 PM Break – Ballroom 5 – 8 (Exhibitor Hall) 2nd Floor 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM Tour – Museum of Contemporary Art – Meet outside near lobby door in front of St. Johns River 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM SESSION 3 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM SMH Annual Membership Meeting – Orlando, (3rd Floor) 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Graduate Reception – River City Brewing Company – Meet outside to the right of the lobby doors. 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Public Book Signing with Michael Livingston and Kelly DeVries at Barnes and Noble

The SMH Awards Luncheon honors academic excellence and service with a number of awards and prizes, including the Samuel Eliot Morrison Prize, Distinguished Book Awards in several categories, the Edwin H. Simmons Award, the Moncado Prizes, the Edwin M. Coffman/Society for Military History First Manuscript Prize, the ABC-Clio Research Grant for graduate students and the Russell F. Weigley Graduate Student Travel Grant Awards. Join us as we celebrate the accomplishments of this year’s award recipients. Tickets for this event will be provided in each attendee’s registration packet. This ticket will also be needed for your meal selection.

The Memorial to Jeffrey Grey

Jeffrey Grey represented all of the best aspects of the Society for Military History, both professionally and personally, and he will be sorely missed by all who knew him.

The Graduate Student Reception will be held at River City Brewing Company located across the St. John’s River. Transportation will be provided. This is a great opportunity for registered graduate students, graduate coordinators, and invited guests to discuss their graduate-school experience and their work. Tickets for this event will be provided in each attendee’s registration packet.

30 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SATURDAY, APRIL 1, 2017

7:00 AM - 8:30 AM Continental Breakfast for those staying at the Hyatt - Foyer (2nd Floor)

7:30 AM - 8:30 AM SMH Long Range Planning Committee Breakfast - Presidential Suite

8:00 AM - 6:00 PM Registration - (2nd Floor)

8:30 AM - 10:00 AM SESSION 4

9:00 AM - 5:00 PM Exhibit Hall Open – Ballrooms 5 – 8 (2nd Floor)

10:00 AM - 10:30 AM Break – Ballroom 5-8 (Exhibitor Hall) 2nd Floor

10:00 AM - 1:30 PM Tour – Cummer Museum – Meet outside near lobby door in front of St. Johns River

10:30 AM - 12:00 PM SESSION 5

12:00 PM - 1:30 PM Lunch on your own

12:00 PM - 1:30 PM K-12 Teachers Workshop Lunch – City Terrace 7 (3rd Floor)

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM SESSION 6

3:00 PM - 3:30 PM Break – Ballroom 5-8 (Exhibitor Hall) 2nd Floor

3:30 PM - 5:00 PM SESSION 7

6:00 PM - 7:00 PM Banquet Reception – Foyer (2nd Floor)

7:15 PM - 10:00 PM Annual Banquet – Ballroom 4 (2nd Floor)

The SMH Banquet will be held in the Ballroom 4 of the Hyatt hotel. Tickets for this event will be included in each attendee’s registration packet. This ticket will also be needed for your meal selection.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 31 SUNDAY, APRIL 2, 2017

7:00 AM - 8:30 AM Continental Breakfast for those staying at the Hyatt - Foyer (2nd Floor)

8:30 AM - 10:00 PM SESSION 8

9:00 AM - 12:00 PM Exhibit Hall Open – Ballrooms 5 – 8 (2nd Floor)

9:00 AM - 12:00 PM Registration (2nd Floor)

10:30 AM - 5:30 PM Tour – St. Augustine and lunch – Meet outside the lobby door in front of St. Johns River

10:00 AM - 10:30AM Break – Ballroom 5-8 (Exhibitor Hall) 2nd Floor

10:30 AM - 12:00 PM Session 9

12:00 PM - 2:00 PM Exhibitors – Take down exhibits.

End of SMH 2017 See you in Louisville next year

32 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PRESIDENTIAL PANELS

CONNECTING MILITARY HISTORY AND DIGITAL HISTORY: A ROUNDTABLE FEATURING NEW INSIGHTS IN THE FIELD Friday, March 31st 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM Session 2: Panel 2 F - Clearwater, 3rd Floor This Panel is Co-Sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities

GEE! I WISH I WERE A MAN: A ROUNDTABLE ON GENDER AND CONFLICT Saturday, April 1st 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM Session 5: Panel 5 G - Daytona, 3rd Floor This Panel is Co-Sponsored by the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians

VICE PRESIDENTIAL PANELS

DIGITIZING WAR FOR THE CLASSROOM: ENGAGING WITH DIGITAL RESOURCES TO TEACH MILITARY HISTORY Friday, March 31st 3:30 PM – 5:00 PM Session 3: Panel 3 K - City Terrace 8, 3rd Floor

WAR ACCESSIBLE: STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING MILITARY HISTORY Saturday, April 1st 3:30 PM – 5:00 PM Session 7: Panel 3 J - City Terrace 8, 3rd Floor

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 33 pm 3:30 pm - 5:00 Session 3 FRIDAY pm 2:00 pm - 3:00 Memorial FRIDAY 12:00 pm 10:30 am - Session 2 FRIDAY 10:00 am 8:30 am - Session 1 FRIDAY 2nd Floor Foyer 4 -5 Session Poster 2nd Floor Ballroom 4 Jeffery Grey Commemorating Medicine and Trench Knives: Scalpels and China At War the Great War Intelligence in Naval Projection and Power War I Combat in World 3rd Floor Boardroom 1 Modern Europe War in Early Understanding Independence: and Religion, Revolt Technologies Emerging Scholars by Rising Assessments Fresh America and in Early Worlds at War Conflict: Cockpit of 3rd Floor Boardroom 2 Friday, March 31, 2017 - Panel Session Matrix Latin America Intervention in Amerian Military World the Ancient Leadership in Military Aspects of 1848 Mexico, 1846- U.S. Army in Boundaries: The National Crossing Floor Boardroom 3 3rd No other panels during this session to commemorate Jeffery Grey Empire the French Resistance in War and Period the Interwar Cooperation in German Military of Soviet- Reexamination Order: A European Challenging the Global War Motivation in and Volunteer Away: Combat Home and Far Fighting for 3rd Floor Boardroom 4 Countries with Western Comparisons and Women & LGBTs Global Wars Civilian Morale in Military and A Roundtable on Why They Fight: Era Revolutionary the War in British Ways of French and and People: Politics, Armies, US Military for Inclusion in the Sexuality and 3rd Floor St. Johns Science of War: The and Global Technology War Early Cold Warfare in the in the Field New Insights Featuring Roundtable History: A Digital History and Military Connecting Panel - Presidential Terror in the War on Communities Identities and Narratives, Media at War: New Social Media 3rd Floor Clearwater War . Regarding Wars after Global Constraints Border Challenging and the World The Civil War 3rd Floor Daytona World War II and Finance in Economics Technology, Operations, Strategy, Intersection of His Due: The Paying Mars in Vietnam America's War Memories of Competing After Vietnam: War the Vietnam and Policy in Technology, Intelligence, American 3rd Floor Orlando Vietnam Soldiers in Chaplains and of American of the Experience and the Shaping Guerrilla Warfare East War in the Middle the First World the British, and Ottoman Empire, Arabia: The The Scramble for Global Cold War Strategies in a Pursuing Grand 3rd Floor City Terrace 6 History to Teach Military Digital Resources during the 1940s Security Complex 1944-2012 Postwar America, Representation in Engaging with Classroom: War for the Panel - Digitizing Politics of Veterans and the Vice Presidental the U.S. National Development of Conflicts in the Innovations and Institutional Remembering: and Gender, Race, 3rd Floor City Terrace 8

34 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SATURDAY 5:00 pm 3:30 pm - Session 7 SATURDAY 3:00 pm 1:30 pm - Session 6 SATURDAY pm 10:30 am - 12:00 Session 5 SATURDAY 10:00 am 8:30 am - Session 4 2nd Floor Foyer 4 -5 (Public Event) Stephen Ives Filmaker Documentary with Reflections Screening and War": "The Great 2nd Floor Ballroom 4 America Conflict in Early Challenges of Navigating the on War: Perspectives Differing WW I in the US Impact of Warfare American Forces in Early Auxiliary the Left Hand: Striking with Contex on Global European Wars Century 18th & 19th 3rd Floor Boardroom 1 World War I Relations in Civil-Military American War Home Fronts at Among Armies Formation Identity in West Africa War and Society Floor Boardroom 2 3rd Saturday, April 1, 2017 - Panel Session Matrix Academe Beyond Within and Military History Airpower World War I Perspectives on Alternative Reassessing the 1789 Armies, 1618- European Central Studies of Statistical Historical- New Again: Everything Old is World War the Second Individuals on Remarkable Impacts of Three Floor Boardroom 3 3rd 1940-45 WW II Europe Populations in Civilian US Military and between the Relations Warriors: or Wanton Savior Soldiers Peace Favorable Securing a Means towards and Japan, Netherlands, France, the Resistance in and Aid, Rescue, Humanitarian Global War: Human in Remaining War Women and Policy as a Occupation Wartime Occupation: Purposeful 3rd Floor Boardroom 4 Potomac Army of the Politics in the Culture, and Command, the Study of Innovations in Controversy: Constant A Source of Across Time Naval Histories 1922 Sea Power 1861- Application of The Indirect Perspectives War American Civil 3rd Floor St. Johns 1990 Thinking, 1740- Military Influences on Global 250 Years of and Theory: Military History the Civilian in The Soldier and eBooks Bookselling and Floor Clearwater 3rd Publishers, on Agents, Shedding Light Audience: Popular Publishing to a Successful Roundtable - Abroad Rear and War: Front, Great Patriotic during the Connections Morale and Maintaining Mentor Teacher and Scholar, Jeffrey Grey: Remembering Professionalism Naval Military and American Developments in Floor Daytona 3rd Antebellum Conflict Gender and Roundtable on Man: Wish I Were a Panel: Gee! I Presidential Experience Military War and the Perspectives of Visual Eastern Europe Genocide in Empire the British Lessons from Wartime and Training: High Command on Communism The Global War Floor Orlando 3rd Military Context of Race in a Reassessment Towards a Armies: European Troops in Indigenous Experience II Era The World War U.S. Military: Race and the Intersections of Iraq Contexualizing Iraq Freedom: War to Operation From the Cold Proposals Fellowship Grant and Funds, Writing Getting Global Roundtable - 3rd Floor City Terrace 6 Commanders Three American Development and Leadership Generals: Cultivating Troubled Century in Ireland's War and Conflict Drawdown; The 3rd Floor City Terrace 8 History Teaching Military Strategies for War Accessible: Panel - Making Vice Presidential problem tackling the States are and the United United Kingdom, Australia, the Iraq: How of the War in Official Histories Postwar American Way of Victims in Asia represented War Under- State Actors, and Soldiers, Non-

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 35 Sunday 12:00 pm 10:30 am - Session 9 Sunday am 8:30 am - 10:00 Session 8 2nd Floor Foyer 4 -5 2nd Floor Ballroom 4 3rd Floor Boardroom 1 1976 Warfare, 1945- Region Pacific Hawai'i- the Modern of Conflict in War: Aspects Nuclear Military and The U.S. Globalizing Floor Boardroom 2 3rd Perspectives Academy Three Service Air Warfare: Land, Sea and Future Study of Cultivating the American War and Philipphine- of the Civil War Memorialization and Remembrance Memory: War And Sunday, April 2, 2017 - Panel Session Matrix 1945 U.S. Army, 1865- Adaptation in the Floor Boardroom 3 3rd Armies Services, and Between Allies, Transfer Knowledge Challenges to Warfare: Informing Global Experiential Trial and Error: a Difference Theory Make Does Military Roundtable: 3rd Floor Boardroom 4 Abroad Home and Armies at European Victory, In Pursuit of World War on the Second and Approaches New Methods Operations: Outside of 3rd Floor St. Johns Vietnam France in Wars of The Forgotten 3rd Floor Clearwater Time Power and Networks, Terms of Innovation in Military Reframing Effectiveness: Beyond 3rd Floor Daytona Floor Orlando 3rd War during the Cold the Unknown Militarism, and Threats, Response to American Our Age": "Turbulence of 3rd Floor City Terrace 6 Republic Early American Security in the National Politics, and Borderlands, International 1916-1918 World War I Recruitment in Officership and Dogs, and Army 3rd Floor City Terrace 8 Eagles, Devil

36 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History THURSDAY, MARCH 30, 2017 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR CHINESE MILITARY HISTORY MEETING

9:00 AM – 4:00 PM TOUR - KINGSLEY PLANTATION, LUNCH AT CAFÉ KARIBO AND FT. CLINCH, FERNANDINA BEACH (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Assemble outside to the right of the main entrance of the lobby for the bus.

12:00 PM – 5:00 PM

RIVER TERRACE 1, 3RD FLOOR EXECUTIVE BOARD MEETING

1:00 PM – 5:00 PM

BALLROOM 5 – 8, 2ND FLOOR EXHIBITOR SETUP

12:00 PM – 8:00 PM

2ND FLOOR, at the top of escalator CHECK IN REGISTRATION

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 37 5:00 PM – 6:00 PM

BALLROOM 3, 2ND FLOOR PUBLIC LECTURE “Re-Examining French Success in the First Italian Campaign, 1796-97”

Rafe Blaufarb, Director, Institute on Napoleon and the French Revolution, Florida State University

Sponsored by: College of Arts and Science, Florida State University and the Pearl Tyner Endowment for the Institute on World War II, Department of History, Florida State University

6:00 PM – 8:00 PM

FOYER IN FRONT OF BALLROOM 4 – 6, 2ND FLOOR OPENING RECEPTION (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Sponsored by: The Pearl Tyner Fund, Institute on World War II and the Human Experience, Department of History, Florida State University and College of Arts and Sciences, Florida State University

38 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 2017 Session Schedule

7:00 AM – 8:30 AM

FOYER IN FRONT OF BALLROOM 4 – 6, 2ND FLOOR CONTINENTAL BREAKFAST

7:30 AM – 8:30 AM CITY TERRACE 4, 3RD FLOOR JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY EDITORIAL BREAKFAST

8:00 AM – 5:00 PM CONFERENCE REGISTRATION 2ND FLOOR, at top of the escalator

9:00 AM – 5:00 PM EXHIBITOR HALL OPENS BALLROOM 5 – 8, 2ND FLOOR

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 39 SESSION 1: 8:30 AM - 10:00 AM PANEL 1 A – BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

POWER PROJECTION AND NAVAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE GREAT WAR Chair: Hal Friedman, Henry Ford College

In the Shadow of Ultra: A Reappraisal of German Naval Intelligence in 1914-1918 Keith W. Bird, Kentucky Community and Technical College

“An Object Lesson to the Country”: The 1915 Atlantic Fleet Exercises and the U.S. Navy on the Eve of World War I Ryan Peeks, Naval History and Heritage Command

“We Didn’t Lose But One Horse, and That Was a Mule”: The American Sealift Effort during the First World War Salvatore R. Mercogliano, Campbell University

Commentator: Sarandis (Randy) Papadopoulos, Department of the Navy

PANEL 1 B – BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Chair: Jared R. Donnelly, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

William Walker, The Regenerators, and the Failed Execution of Biological Warfare in Nicaragua 1855-1857 John Mangipano, University of Southern Mississippi

Defensing the Realm Against the New Technologies: Multiple Understandings of Fortification at the Dawn of the Gunpowder Age Steven A. Walton, Michigan Technological University

A New Phase of Gas Warfare: The Oro Bay Chemical Warfare Conference 10-13 October 1944 Kyle Bracken, Florida State University

Commentator: Greg Miller, Joint Advanced Warfighting School

40 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 1 C – BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

ASPECTS OF MILITARY LEADERSHIP IN THE ANCIENT WORLD Chair and Commentator: Timothy Howe, St. Olaf College

Character and Command: Plutarch’s Account of Crassus and the Roman Army at Carrhae Rosemary Moore, University of Iowa

Alexander the Great’s Great Timing: Considering Calculation and Perception in Military Leadership Paul Johstono, The Citadel

The School of Generals in Classical Greece: How Did They Learn Their Craft? Joseph Roisman, Colby College

PANEL 1 D – BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

CHALLENGING THE EUROPEAN ORDER: A REEXAMINATION OF SOVIET-GERMAN MILITARY COOPERATION IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD Chair and Commentator: Peter Mansoor, The Ohio State University

Political Fallout in the Reichswehr from Public Exposure of 1920s German- Soviet Military Cooperation Robert Kirchubel, Purdue University

British Grand Strategy in Reference to German-Soviet Relations in the Inter- War Years Valerie Swain, University Reading

Remaking the European Order: The Strategic Consequences of Soviet-German Military Cooperation in the Interwar Period Ian Johnson, University of Texas at Austin

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 41 PANEL 1 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

POLITICS, ARMIES, AND PEOPLE: FRENCH AND BRITISH WAYS OF WAR IN THE REVOLUTIONARY ERA Chair: Kenneth Johnson, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

The Milice of Eighteenth-Century France Benjamen Goff, Florida State University

The Antwerp Conference of 1793 and the Rise and Fall of the First Coalition Nathaniel Jarrett, University of North Texas

Dining on Glory: The Waterloo Banquet Luke A. L. Reynolds, City University of New York

Commentator: Jordan Hayworth, U.S. Air Force Command and Staff College

PANEL 1 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

SOCIAL MEDIA AT WAR: NEW MEDIA NARRATIVES, IDENTITIES AND COMMUNITIES IN THE WAR ON TERROR Chair: Jon Logel, U.S. Naval War College

Strategic Narratives and Narrative Communities: Social Media and the Afghan Surge of 2009 Jacqueline Whitt, U.S. Army War College

Hashtag Justice: Social Media, New Media, and the Public Trial of Bowe Bergdahl Brian Feltman, Georgia Southern University

Soldier Media Network: Telling the Soldiers’ Tale in Social Media Michael Gisick, Australian National University

Commentator: Mark Moyar, Center for Military and Diplomatic History

42 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 1 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

THE CIVIL WAR AND THE WORLD Chair: Samuel Watson, United States Military Academy

Civil War Field Fortifications in a Global Context Earl J. Hess, Lincoln Memorial University

Nations Indivisible? Professions of Arms and Monopolies of Force in the Civil War Era Wayne Hsieh, United States Naval Academy

The American Civil War and the World: The Quest to Wage a Limited War Andrew F. Lang, Mississippi State University

Commentator: Jennifer Murray, University of Virginia College at Wise

PANEL 1 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND POLICY IN THE VIETNAM WAR Chair: Erik B. Villard, U.S. Army Center of Military History

Behind the Eight Ball: American Intelligence Collection and Policy in the Vietnam War Thomas A. Reinstein, Temple University

More than a Measure: The Hamlet Evaluation System, Pacification, and Diplomacy During Nixon’s Vietnam War Martin Clemis, Valley Forge Military Academy and College

The Uncounted Enemy: A Vietnam Deception Reconsidered Michael A. Hennessy, Royal Military College of Canada

Commentator: James H. Willbanks, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 43 PANEL 1 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

PURSUING GRAND STRATEGIES IN A GLOBAL COLD WAR Chair and Commentator: Robert Davis, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

A Global Scope but a National Focus: The Cold War Drafting of Eisenhower’s Farewell Address Nicholas M. Sambaluk, Air University

“Hali na Mali”: Tanzania and a Grand Strategy for African Liberation, 1961- 1975 Charles G. Thomas, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

Global Conflict from a Counter-Revolutionary Perspective: An Examination of the Cold War in Sandinista Nicaragua (1981-1990) John-Paul Wilson, St. John’s University

PANEL 1 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

GENDER, RACE, AND REMEMBERING: VETERANS AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION IN POSTWAR AMERICA, 1944-2012 Chair and Commentator: Beth Bailey, University of Kansas

Constructing Representations of the Female Veteran: Military Status and the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) of World War II Sarah Myers, Saint Francis University

Seeking a Place of Their Own: Navajo Code Talkers, their Descendants, and Claiming Commemorative Space in Indigenous Homelands Zonnie Gorman, University of New Mexico

Surrendered Men: Bataan Survivors and the Rhetoric and Representation of Masculinity, Surrender, and Suffering in World War II Commemorative Practices, 1982-2002 Elena Friot, University of New Mexico

44 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History BREAK 10:00 AM – 10:30 AM

BALLROOM 5 – 8, 2ND FLOOR

10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

TOUR: TOP TO BOTTOM WALKING TOUR (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Assemble outside to the right of the main entrance to the lobby.

SESSION 2: 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM PANEL 2 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

CHINA AT WAR Chair: Jon Mikolashek, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

The Qing Empire’s Naval Blockade Strategy and the Zheng Family’s Trade, 1662-1683 Ryan Holroyd, Pennsylvania State University

Lessons Learned, Lessons Shared? Chinese and American Technology Transfer, Proxy War, and the Battle of Dien Bien Phu Colin Jackson, U.S. Naval War College and Phil Haun, U.S. Naval War College

Waging Peace Through the Command of Sea? Recent Debates on China’s Maritime Policy in China Sherman Lai, Royal Military College of Canada

Commentator: Chris Johnson, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 45 PANEL 2 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

RELIGION, REVOLT AND INDEPENDENCE: UNDERSTANDING WAR IN EARLY MODERN EUROPE Chair and Commentator: David J. B. Trim, Andrews University

Forging Alliances: Reformed Rebels in the Wars of Religion Denice Fett, University of North Florida

The Enigma of Hugh O’Neill: Irish Military Strategy and Foreign Intervention in the Nine Years War Edward Tenace, Lyon College

Intervening from a Position of Weakness: English Intervention Attempts on the Continent During the Personal Rule of Charles I James A. Tucker, The Ohio State University

PANEL 2 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

AMERICAN MILITARY INTERVENTION IN LATIN AMERICA Chair: Bianka Adams, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Measuring “Success” in Counterinsurgency: The U.S. Intervention in El Salvador, 1979-1992 Brian D’Haeseleer, Lyon College

Nixon’s Other War: The United States and the “Soccer” War of 1969 James R. Martin, United States Military Academy

“How Far Should I Go in Protecting Guiterrez?” Mark C. Askew, United States Military Academy

Commentator: James B. Thomas, Northwest College – Houston Community College System

46 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 2 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

WAR AND RESISTANCE IN THE FRENCH EMPIRE Chair: Alexander M. Bielakowski, U.S. Military Review

Adapting A Colonial Mind: The U.S. in Tunisia, 1943 J. Casey Doss, United States Military Academy

Postcolonial Defence: France and Côte d’Ivoire in the Global Cold War Marco Wyss, Lancaster University, United Kingdom

Shadow War and World War: A Transnational Look at French Resistance during World War II Robert W. Whalen, Queens University of Charlotte

If There Is A Place on this Earth to Be Happy, This is Not It: Discipline, Control, and Daily Life Through Numbers in Afrique Française Libre, 1940-1943 Danielle Porter Sanchez, Muhlenberg College

Commentator: Michael Creswell, Florida State University

PANEL 2 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

WHY THEY FIGHT: A ROUNDTABLE ON MILITARY AND CIVILIAN MORALE IN GLOBAL WARS Moderator: Emily Swafford, American Historical Association

“A Useful Part of the National Struggle”: Entertainment, Morale and Citizenship in World War II Britain Allison Abra, University of Southern Mississippi

“I Read It for the Articles”: Playboy Magazine and Troop Morale in the Vietnam War Amber Batura, Texas Tech University

Big Bird and the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders: Entertaining the Military in the Twenty-First Century Kara Dixon Vuic, Texas Christian University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 47 PANEL 2 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

PRESIDENTIAL PANEL CONNECTING MILITARY HISTORY AND DIGITAL HISTORY: A ROUNDTABLE FEATURING NEW INSIGHTS IN THE FIELD This Panel is Co-Sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities

Chair: Anne Sarah Rubin, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

“Good Neighbourhood With All”: The United States and Europe During the First Tripolitan War, 1801-1805 Abby Mullen, Northeastern University

GIS and the Union’s Brownwater Navy Robert Gudmestad, Colorado State University

Surveying the Reconstruction State Scott Nesbit, University of Georgia and Greg Downs, University of California, Davis

The Texas Brigade – A Digital History of a Civil War Unit Susannah J. Ural, University of Southern Mississippi

“Everything on Paper Will Be Used Against Me”: Quantifying Kissinger Micki Kaufman, City University of New York Graduate Center

48 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 2 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

CHALLENGING BORDER CONTRAINTS AFTER GLOBAL WARS Chair: David Silbey, Cornell University

Healers and Fighters: A Struggle of the Spanish-American War M. Girard Dorsey, University of New Hampshire

The Bundesgrenzchutz: Global Frameworks, Transnational Reform, and the Militarization of the Police in Cold War West Germany David Livingstone, University of California, San Diego

Blind Justice: National Interest vs Rejection of Nazi War Criminals Mary Kathryn Barbier, Mississippi State University

Commentator: Stephen Bourque, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

PANEL 2 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

AFTER VIETNAM: COMPETING MEMORIES OF AMERICA’S WAR IN VIETNAM Chair: James H. Willbanks, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

The GI’s Perspective of Soldiers of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN): Cowardly, Courageous, or Both? Carie/ Uyen H. Nguyen, Texas Tech University

Memory and Memorials: Finding Meaning In Vietnam Memorials William T. Allison, Georgia Southern University

Mansplaining Vietnam: Male Veterans and the Popular Image of the Vietnam War Gregory A. Daddis, Chapman University

Commentator: Ron Milam, Texas Tech University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 49 PANEL 2 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

THE SCRAMBLE FOR ARABIA: THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, THE BRITISH, AND THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN THE MIDDLE EAST Chair: Roger Lee, Australian War Memorial

The Other Arabian Revolt: Asir, the British, and Ottoman Operations 1910-1918 James N. Tallon, Lewis University

The Hejaz Campaign and the Defense of Medina Mesut Uyar, University of New South Wales

Ibn Sa’ud during the First World War: Policy and Strategy Steven Wagner, Brunel University

The Sheiks of Syria and Trans-Jordan during the First World War Yoav Alon, Tel Aviv University

Commentator: Serhat Güvenç, Kadir Has University, Turkey

PANEL 2 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATIONS AND CONFLICT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX DURING THE 1940S Chair: Michael E. Lynch, U.S. Army War College

The Best Intentions: U.S. Intelligence Operations in Communist-Held China during World War II Sara B. Castro, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Brave New Hollow Army: Visions of Future War in an Age of Austerity Jeffrey Crean, Texas A&M University

JANFU: The Joint Foul Up at Pearl Harbor and the Postwar Consequences Allyson Gates, Florida State University

Commentator: Melvin G. Deaile, Air Command Staff College

50 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 12:00 PM – 1:30 PM

BALLROOM 4, 2ND FLOOR

AWARDS LUNCHEON (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

2:00 PM – 3:00 PM

BALLROOM 4, 2ND FLOOR COMMEMORATING JEFFREY GREY To allow all delegates to attend this special memorial gathering, no other panels are scheduled at this time.

Please join Roger Lee, Emma Grey, Jennifer D. Keene, Sebastian Cox and Robert Berlin in celebrating the life of SMH president Jeffrey Grey.

3:00 PM – 3:30 PM

BALLROOM 5 – 8 (Exhibit Hall), 2ND FLOOR BREAK

3:30 PM – 5:00 PM

TOUR: MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Assemble outside to the right of the main entrance to the lobby in order to walk to the museum.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 51 SESSION 3: 3:30 PM – 5:00 PM PANEL 3 A - FOYER, 2ND FLOOR

POSTER SESSION Soldiers and Society after the Seven Years’ War: The Impact of Eighteenth Century Demobilization Jessica Dirkson, Georgia Southern University

The League of Ex-Combatientes and the Birth of Modern Politics in Bolivia Robert Niebuhr, Arizona State University

Conflicting Priorities: Stand Watie and Confederate Military Leaders in the American Civil War James Tindle, Kansas State University

G.I. Joe and Baby: The Emergency Maternal and Infant Care Program, 1943-1949 Nancy Traylor-Heard, Mississippi State University

Frozen Imperialism: The Oliver Austin Photographs and Operation Deep Freeze, 1955-1956 Hillary Sebeny, Florida State University

PANEL 3 B - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

SCALPELS AND TRENCH KNIVES: MEDICINE AND COMBAT IN WORLD WAR I Chair: Nicholas Murray, U.S. Naval War College

Mending the Wounds of Industrial Warfare: Royal Army Medical Corps Doctors and the Co-Operative Diffusion of New Medical Knowledge in the Great War, 1914-1918 Tiffany Smith, University of North Texas

Ready for Primetime: The Americans’ Battle at St. Mihiel Sarah K. Jameson, University of North Texas

Commentator: Hal Friedman, Henry Ford College

52 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 3 C - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

COCKPIT OF CONFLICT: WORLDS AT WAR IN EARLY AMERICA AND FRESH ASSESSMENTS BY RISING SCHOLARS Chair: Ricardo A. Herrera, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

African Origins of the Seven Years’ War in North America, 1748-1763 Thomas Agostini, South Dakota State University

Surrender, Captivity, and Murder at Three British Forts in the Seven Years’ War Jessica L. Wallace, Georgia College and State University

The Revolutionary War and the Presidency: How George Washington’s Councils of War Shaped the First Presidential Cabinet Lindsay M. Chervinsky, University of California, Davis

Commentator: Holly A. Mayer, Duquesne University

PANEL 3 D - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

CROSSING NATIONAL BOUNDARIES: THE U.S. ARMY IN MEXICO, 1846-1848 Chair: Richard B. McCaslin, University of North Texas

Winfield Scott’s D-Day: The Amphibious Assault at Veracruz in the U.S.-Mexico War, 1847 Christopher Menking, University of North Texas

Who Shows Them the Way: The Engineer Company in the Mexican- American War Mark A. Smith, Fort Valley State University

Mormons, Memory, and the U.S.-Mexican War Michael Scott Van Wagenen, Georgia Southern University

Commentator: Richard Bruce Winders, The Alamo

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 53 PANEL 3 E - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

FIGHTING FOR HOME AND FAR AWAY: COMBAT AND VOLUNTEER MOTIVATION IN GLOBAL WAR Chair: Jonathan Fennell, King’s College London

Had They Ulterior Motives of Their Own?: Paramilitary Cooperation with the British during the Second World War Jacob Stoil, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

The “Foreign Fighters” of the 1930s and 1940s: A Typology for Transnational War Volunteers Nir Arielli, University of Leeds

Fight it Out: Combat Motivation and C Force at the Battle of Hong Kong, 1941 Robert Engen, Royal Military College of Canada

Commentator: Annette Amerman, U.S. Marine Corps Historical Branch

PANEL 3 F - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

SEXUALITY AND INCLUSION IN THE US MILITARY FOR WOMEN AND LGBTS AND COMPARISONS WITH WESTERN COUNTRIES Chair: Allison J. Abra, University of Southern Mississippi

American Servicewomen and Women in the Israel Defense Forces: A Comparison of Allies Heather Marie Stur, University of Southern Mississippi

LGBTs in the Post World War II American Military: A Comparison with the Canadian and British Military D’Ann Campbell, Culver Stockton College

Commentator: Daniel Krebs, University of Louisville

54 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 3 G - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL WAR: THE SCIENCE OF WARFARE IN THE EARLY COLD WAR Chair: Janet Valentine, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Brass Hats and Egg Heads: Science, Technology, the Military and State-Making in the Early Cold War Richard V. Damms, Mississippi State University

Atomic Dysfunction: The State of the American Atomic Enterprise 1945-1950 John Curatola, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Technical Success but Ultimate Failure: The Army’s Intermediate Ballistic Missile Program Gates Brown, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Commentator: Lisa Beckenbaugh, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

PANEL 3 H - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

REGARDING WAR. . . Chair: Kyle Zelner, University of Southern Mississippi

Why Talk About “Total” War? Eugenia C. Kiesling, United States Military Academy

The War on Terror: The First Global Conflict of the 21st Century Donald P. Wright, U.S. Army Combat Studies Institute

Clausewitz’s Nature of War and America’s Modern Global Wars Antulio J. Echevarria, U.S. Army War College

Commentator: Vanya Eftimova Bellinger, U.S. Army War College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 55 PANEL 3 I - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

PAYING MARS HIS DUE: THE INTERSECTION OF STRATEGY, OPERATIONS, TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMICS, AND FINANCE IN WORLD WAR II Chair: Paul Joseph Springer, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

Defeating the Axis of Evil: Financing World War II Thomas Meagher, Armstrong State University

The Great Bomber Fight of 1936-1939: Saving the B-17 on the Eve of World War II Craig F. Morris, United States Air Force Academy

Balancing the Books: Strategic Planning and American Mobilization for World War II Mark T. Calhoun, School of Advanced Military Studies

Commentator: Bryan Gibby, United States Military Academy

PANEL 3 J - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

GUERRILLA WARFARE AND THE SHAPING OF THE EXPERIENCE OF AMERICAN CHAPLAINS AND SOLDIERS IN VIETNAM Chair: Ron Milam, Texas Tech University

A Spiritual Valley of the Shadow: Vietnam, Combat Chaplains and Post- Traumatic Stress John D. Fitzmorris III, University of New Orleans

Jungle Confessional: Chaplains and Atrocity Allegations in Vietnam Christopher J. Levesque, University of Alabama

Popular Attitudes, Unpopular War: American and South Vietnamese Sentiments and the 1968 Tet Offensive Robert J. Thompson III, University of Southern Mississippi

Commentator: Gian P. Gentile, RAND Corporation

56 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 3 K - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

VICE PRESIDENTIAL PANEL DIGITIZING WAR FOR THE CLASSROOM: ENGAGING WITH DIGITAL RESOURCES TO TEACH MILITARY HISTORY Chair and Commentator: David Silbey, Cornell University

Florida in World War I: A Digital History Project Barbara Gannon, University of Central Florida

Building a Website for World War I Erik Villard, U.S. Army Center for Military History

The Future of the Past: Digital History at West Point Ty Seidule, United States Military Academy

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 57 5:00 PM – 6:00 PM

ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR SMH ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP MEETING

6:00 PM – 8:00 PM

GRADUATE RECEPTION (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

River City Brewing Company Assemble outside to the right of the main entrance of the lobby for the bus.

Sponsored by:

Student Veterans Center, Florida State University

6:00 PM – 8:00 PM PUBLIC BOOK SIGNING With Michael Livingston and Kelly DeVries Editors, The Battle of Crécy: A Casebook

Society for Military History Distinguished Book Award Winners 2017

Barnes and Noble St. Johns Town Center 10280 Midtown Parkway, Jacksonville

58 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SATURDAY, APRIL 1, 2017 7:00 AM – 8:30 AM

FOYER IN FRONT OF BALLROOM 4 – 6, 2ND FLOOR CONTINENTAL BREAKFAST

7:30 AM – 8:30 AM

PRESIDENTIAL SUITE SMH LONG RANGE PLANNING COMMITTEE BREAKFAST

8:00 AM – 5:00 PM

2ND FLOOR, at top of the escalator REGISTRATION

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 59 SESSION 4: 8:30 AM – 10:00 AM PANEL 4 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

18TH AND 19TH CENTURY EUROPEAN WARS IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT Chair: Gregory J. W. Urwin, Temple University

“Munition Us With Gunpowder, Rope-Matches, and Fuses”: Catholic Clergy and Armed Conflict during the French Wars of Religion Gregory Bereiter, Naval History and Heritage Command

Flanders to Brazil: Battlefield Perception in the Portuguese Early Modern Atlantic World Miguel Cruz, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal

Napoleon’s Empire: A Global View? John Morgan, Miles College

Commentator: Stanley D. M. Carpenter, U.S. Naval War College

PANEL 4 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

WAR AND SOCIETY IN WEST AFRICA Chair: Mark Grotelueschen, United States Air Force Academy

Buffalo Soldiers in Africa: African American Officers in Liberia, 1910-1942 Brian Shellum, Independent Scholar

Military Culture in Britain’s West African Frontier Force (WAFF) 1898-1914 Timothy Stapleton, University of Calgary

French Officers Sowing Seeds of Discontent in and About the Colonial Army in Senegal Jacqueline Woodfork, Whitman College

Digital Humanities and African Military History: The Case of the Nigerian Civil War Roy Doron, Winston-Salem State University

Commentator: Bruce Vandervort, Journal of Military History

60 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 4 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

REASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF THREE REMARKABLE INDIVIDUALS ON THE SECOND WORLD WAR Chair: William A. Taylor, Angelo State University

Major General William Carey Lee: More Than Just the “Father of the American Airborne” Sean P. Klimek, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

William C. Sherman’s Air Warfare: A Reassessment Sebastian H. Lukasik, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

The Career of Schutzhaftlagerführer Johann Beck: Heroism of Self-Interest? Jan Ruth Mills, Florida State University

Commentator: Michael E. Weaver, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

PANEL 4 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

PURPOSEFUL OCCUPATION: WARTIME OCCUPATION POLICY AS A MEANS TOWARDS SECURING FAVORABLE PEACE Chair and Commentator: Margaret Martin, United States Air Force Academy

“Military Force is not to be employed in this Countrey [Georgia], but with an ultimate Purpose of enabling His Majesty’s Faithfull subjects to resume their Civil Government”: The Carlisle Peace Commission’s Georgia Strategy, 1778-1779 John D. Roche, United States Air Force Academy

Having A Say: Okinawan Identity Construction during the Battle of Okinawa, 1945 Courtney A. Short, United States Air Force Academy

Occupying for Peace: The U.S. Army’s Occupation of Mexico City, 1847-1848 Thomas W. Spahr, 4th Infantry Division, Fort Carson, Colorado

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 61 PANEL 4 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

NAVAL HISTORIES ACROSS TIME Chair: Laurence Lyons, Independent Historian

Chiang Kai-shek’s Forgotten Navy: The American Effort to Create a Navy for Nationalist China, 1945-1949 Jonathan B. Chavanne, United States Naval AcademyMaking Waves: Reagan Era Defense and Maritime Policy, 1981-1989 John Douglas Forrest, Mississippi State University

How the Early American Frigate Fleet (1794-1814) Fits Into a Cycle of Military Globalization Richard B. Byington, University of Central Florida

Axis Sub Warfare in Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Persian Gulf in World War II Jeffrey Macris, United States Naval Academy

Commentator: Andrew Burtch, Canadian War Museum

PANEL 4 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

MAINTAINING MORALE AND CONNECTIONS DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: FRONT, REAR AND ABROAD Chair and Commentator: Mayhill C. Fowler, Stetson University

“Thank You for the Concert!” Frontline Entertainment and Morale on the Eastern Front, 1941-1945 Erina T. Megowan, Higher School of Economics (Moscow)

Friends, Not Just Allies: The Friendship and Letters of Soviet, American, and British Women, 1943-1947 Alexis J. Peri, Boston University

Domesticating the Front: Red Army Soldiers Make A Home Under Fire, 1941-1945 Brandon M. Schechter, New York University

62 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 4 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

VISUAL PERSPECTIVES OF WAR AND THE MILITARY EXPERIENCE Chair and Commentator: John Terino, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

Commemorating Chemical Warfare in World War I: John Singer Sargent’s Gassed and Modern Masculinity Kate C. Lemay, National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution

Sergeant Strangelove: How the Marine Corps Convinced the Nation to Love It Heather Pace Venable, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

“An Epic of the Naval Air Service”: Hell Divers, the U.S. Navy, and Hollywood Ryan Wadle, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

PANEL 4 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

THE GLOBAL WAR ON COMMUNISM Chair and Commentator: Marc Selverstone, University of Virginia

The World Veterans Federation and the Early Cold WarÁngel Alcalde, Ludwig- Maximilian University of Munich

The American Legion and Global Anti-Communism Olivier Burtin, Princeton University

“Don’t Call Us Mercenaries”: Guerrilla Warfare and Paramilitary Violence in the Late Cold War Kyle Burke, Temple University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 63 PANEL 4 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

ROUNDTABLE – GETTING GLOBAL FUNDS, WRITING GRANT AND FELLOWSHIP PROPOSALS Moderator: Cameron Zinsou, Mississippi State University

George Rable, University of Alabama

Margaret Sankey, Air War College

Mary Elizabeth Walters, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill

PANEL 4 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

SOLDIERS, NON-STATE ACTORS, AND UNDER- REPRESENTED WAR VICTIMS IN ASIA Chair: Heather Marie Stur, University of Southern Mississippi

Wounded Soldiers, Healing Heroes: Soldier Support in China during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-45) Yan Xu, Spelman College

Gendered Politics and Protection Networks during the Vietnam War 1965-1973 Amanda Boczar, United States Military Academy

Growing Phenomenon of International Child Welfare NGOs during the Vietnam War Era Ming-Syuan Jhong, Texas Tech University

Commentator: Charissa Threat, Spelman College

10:00 AM – 10:30 AM

BALLROOM 5 – 8 (Exhibit Hall), 2ND FLOOR BREAK

64 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 10:00 AM – 1:30 PM

TOUR: CUMMER MUSEUM AND LUNCH (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required) Assemble outside to the right of lobby at the bus.

SESSION 5: 10:30 AM – 12:00 PM BALLROOM 4, 2ND FLOOR

“THE GREAT WAR”: SCREENING AND REFLECTIONS WITH DOCUMENTARY FILMMAKER STEPHEN IVES Welcome: Jonathan Grant, Florida State University

Moderator: Michael Neiberg, U.S. Army War College

Stephen Ives, Producer

Sponsored by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience, Department of History, Florida State University, and Media Partner WJCT (PBS)

PANEL 5 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

STRIKING WITH THE LEFT HAND: AUXILIARY FORCES IN EARLY AMERICAN WARFARE Chair: Holly A. Mayer, Duquesne University

Maligned “Milish”: Mississippi Militiamen in the Civil War Tracy L. Barnett, University of Southern Mississippi

German Auxiliaries in British Grand Strategy during the American War of Independence Chris Juergens, Florida State University

Paying Liberty’s Bill: The Cost of Whig Militia Service in Revolutionary North Carolina Jonathan Harton, University of Southern Mississippi

Commentator: Ricardo A. Herrera, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 65 PANEL 5 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

IDENTITY FORMATION AMONG ARMIES Chair: Kurt Hackemer, University of South Dakota

Pride and Prejudice: The Brazilian Expeditionary Force and the Myth of the “Only Racially Integrated Army of the World War II” Francisco Cesar Alves Ferraz, State University of Londrina, Brazil

Subjective Identity Formation and Masculinity in Prussia during the Wars of Liberation Christopher T. Goodwin, Norwich University

Fighting Machines: U.S. Army Physical Training and the Meaning of Fitness, 1881-1914 Garrett T. Gatzemeyer, University of Kansas

Commentator: Debra Sheffer, Park University

PANEL 5 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

EVERYTHING OLD IS NEW AGAIN: HISTORICAL- STATISTICAL STUDIES OF CENTRAL EUROPEAN ARMIES, 1618-1789 Chair and Commentator: Peter H. Wilson, All Souls College, University of Oxford

Most Saxon Soldiers Are Saxon: The Myth of the Rootless Mercenary and the Origins of Soldiers in Electoral Saxony, 1618-1651 Lucia Staiano-Daniels, University of California, Los Angeles

Social and National Composition of the Habsburg Officer Corps, 1740-1790 Tobias Roeder, Clare College, University of Cambridge

Old-Regime Armies? Modern Armies? The Case of Habsburg Austria, 1740-1792 Ilya Berkovich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

66 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 5 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

SAVIOR SOLDIERS OR WANTON WARRIORS: RELATIONS BETWEEN THE US MILITARY AND CIVILIAN POPULATIONS IN WORLD WAR II EUROPE Chair: Amanda Boczar, United States Military Academy

“The Honeymoon Won’t Last”: A Broader Look at American and Franco- American Criminality and Delinquency in France during the French Liberation, 1944-46 Arthur Mesmin, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan

The American GI as Humanitarian: Food and Feeding in Occupied Germany Kaete M. O’Connell, Temple University

Combatting Victor’s Justice: The U.S. Military Administration of Landsberg Prison and the German Public, 1946-1958 Connor Sebestyen, University of Toronto

Commentator: Adam R. Seipp, Texas A&M University

PANEL 5 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

A SOURCE OF CONSTANT CONTROVERSY: INNOVATIONS IN THE STUDY OF COMMAND, CULTURE, AND POLITICS IN THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC Chair: Lorien Foote, Texas A&M University

“A Superabundance of Generals”: The U.S Senate and the Law to Limit the Number of Union Generals Timothy J. Orr, Old Dominion University

A Martinet and a McClellanite: Andrew Humphreys and Volunteer Backlash against the Conservative War Zachery A. Fry, Ohio State University

John F. Reynolds, Bodies, and Contested Christianities in the Civil War Mitchell G. Klingenberg, Texas Christian University

Commentator: Christopher S. Stowe, Marine Corps University

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 67 PANEL 5 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

ROUNDTABLE – SUCCESSFUL PUBLISHING TO A POPULAR AUDIENCE: SHEDDING LIGHT ON AGENTS, PUBLISHERS, BOOKSELLING AND EBOOKS Commentator: Roger S. Williams, Roger Williams Agency, Inc.

Tim Bent, Oxford University Press

Eugene Brissie, Rowman & Littlefield, The Lyons Press

Bruce H. Franklin, Westholme Publishing

PANEL 5 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

PRESIDENTIAL PANEL GEE! I WISH I WERE A MAN: A ROUNDTABLE ON GENDER AND CONFLICT This Panel is Co-Sponsored by the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians

Moderator: Kara Dixon Vuic, Texas Christian University

Jason Crouthamel, Grand Valley State University

Susan Grayzel, University of Mississippi

Karen Hagemann, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill

Leisa D. Meyer, College of William and Mary

68 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 5 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

INTERSECTIONS OF RACE AND THE U.S. MILITARY: THE WORLD WAR II ERA EXPERIENCE Chair: William Thomas Allison, Georgia Southern University

“Benedict Arnolds in Skirts”: Race, Gender, and American National Security during World War II Derek R. Mallett, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

“People Thought We Had It Easy”: Deconstructing the Prisoner of War Myth Anna Marie Anderson, University of Houston

Freedom to Serve: The Impact of the Fahy Committee on American Military Service After World War II William A. Taylor, Angelo State University

Commentator: Justin Hart, Texas Tech University

PANEL 5 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

WAR AND CONFLICT IN IRELAND’S TROUBLED CENTURY Chair: Huw J. Davies, King’s College London

Destroying the IRA: The Origins of the British Army’s Bid to Win the War in Northern Ireland in 1971 Huw Bennett, Cardiff University

“Vengeance is Mine”: Deconstructing the 1972 “Pitchfork Murders” in County Fermanagh Edward Burke, University of Portsmouth

From Aid to the Civil Power to a Counterinsurgency Campaign: The Evolution of British Army Operations in Ireland from 1919 to 1921 William Sheehan: Independent Scholar

Commentator: Matthew Ford, University of Sussex

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 69 PANEL 5 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

OFFICIAL HISTORIES OF THE WAR IN IRAQ: HOW AUSTRALIA, THE UNITED KINGDOM, AND THE UNITED STATES ARE TACKLING THE PROBLEM Chair: Charles Bowery, Jr., U.S. Army Center of Military History

Operation Charge of the Knights, Basra 2008: Dealing with Historical Controversies in the UK Ministry of Defence Bob Evans, Ministry of Defence, United Kingdom

Official History of Australian Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and Australian Peacekeeping Operations in East Timor Roger Lee, Australian War Memorial

Planning the 2003 Invasion of Iraq: A Perspective on Official History in the U.S. Army W. Shane Story, U.S. Army Center of Military History

Commentator: Conrad Crane, Army Heritage and Education Center

12:00 PM – 1:30 PM LUNCH ON YOUR OWN

12:00 PM – 1:30 PM

CITY TERRACE 7, 3RD FLOOR K-12 TEACHERS WORKSHOP LUNCH (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Sponsored by the Harold and Kay Ronson Endowment, Institute on World War II and the Human Experience, Florida State University and the Department of History, University of North Florida

70 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SESSION 6: 1:30 PM – 3:00 PM PANEL 6 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

IMPACT OF WORLD WAR I IN THE UNITED STATES Chair: Lon Strauss, U.S. Army War College

Appalachia in the Trenches: German Internees in World War I America Heather R. Perry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte

“Yield Not To Sympathy”: The Losing Battle Against Publicly Sponsored Veterans’ Health Care Jessica L. Adler, Florida International University

Globalizing Modern Warfare in the American War Film Mariah L. Hepworth, Northwestern University

Commentator: Brian Feltman, Georgia Southern University

PANEL 6 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

HOME FRONTS AT WAR Chair: Andrew Wiest, University of Southern Mississippi

Mass Mobilization of the Japanese Public in Newspaper Advertisements during the Nanking Campaign and Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1938 Annika A. Culver, Florida State University

Germany 1944-1945: The National Community at War Alexandra Lohse, Naval History and Heritage Command

Contribution To the War Efforts: A Menace to Social Order in Osun Division of Western Nigeria, 1939-1945 Abiodun Ajayi, Adeyemi University of Education, Nigera

Commentator: Clemens Büttner, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 71 PANEL 6 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON WORLD WAR I AIRPOWER Chair: Adam Kane, University of Oklahoma Press

Airpower and Operational Depth in the Meuse Argonne Campaign Thomas Bruscino, School of Advanced Military Studies

Defending Up There, Over There: American Antiaircraft Artillery in World War I Bryon Greenwald, Joint Advanced Warfighting School

Airpower over Gallipoli: Tactical Airpower for Strategic Effect S. Mike Pavelec, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

Commentator: Rich Muller, School of Advanced Air and Space Studies

PANEL 6 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

WOMEN AND WAR Chair: Frank Blazich, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

“Something Rotten Was Going on within the Company”: Homosexuality Investigations and the African American Military Experience in the 1940s Natalie Shibley, University of Pennsylvania

“Your Uniform is YOU”: American Civilian Women in Military Uniform during World War II Alexandra Elias, Syracuse University

The Coast Guard SPARS: The Untold Story Hugo Evans, Independent Historian

Commentator: Sarandis (Randy) Papadopoulos, Department of the Navy

72 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 6 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

AMERICAN CIVIL WAR PERSPECTIVES Chair: David Fitzpatrick, Washtenaw Community College

“The Country is Almost a Desert”: How the Southern Appalachian Mountains Postponed Confederate Defeat Lucas Wilder, Mississippi State University

Bandits, Jawhawkers, and Tories: Guerilla Bands in the Confederate States of America Victoria Bryant Stewart, Northern Illinois University

Improvised Warfare: The United States and the Sioux during the Civil War Cecily N. Zander, Pennsylvania State University

Commentator: Ethan Rafuse, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

PANEL 6 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

REMEMBERING JEFFREY GREY: SCHOLAR, TEACHER AND MENTOR Chair: Jennifer D. Keene, Chapman University

William Thomas Allison, Georgia Southern University

Jean Bou, Australian National University

Peter Dean, Australian National University

Richard DiNardo, U.S. Marine Corps University

Michael Neiberg, U.S. Army War College

Janet Valentine, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 73 PANEL 6 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

GENOCIDE IN EASTERN EUROPE Chair: Robert Glass, Independent Scholar

Nazi Bandenbekämpfung and Genocidal Warfare in Occupied Poland: The Case of Chelm, 1942-44 Jason Tingler, Clark University

Civilian Complicity in the Crimes Against the Jews in Bessarabia and Bukovina After 1941 Mihai Poliec, Clark University

“Auf der Flucht Erschossen” or “Shot While Trying to Escape”: Euphemism and Annihilation Edward B. Westermann, Texas A&M University-San Antonio

Commentator: James McNaughton, U.S. Army Center of Military History

PANEL 6 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

HIGH COMMAND AND TRAINING: WARTIME LESSONS FROM THE BRITISH EMPIRE Chair: Augustine Meaher, Air University

Staffing and Strafing: The South African High Command and the Outbreak of the First World War Ian van der Waag, Stellenbosch University

Assembling the Nervous System Architecture: Training Staff Officers for the British Empire Armies of the Second World War Douglas E. Delaney, Royal Military College of Canada

“The Butcher’s Bill”: The Beginning of the End for Churchill and Wavell Andrew Stewart, King’s College London

Commentator: Charles G. Thomas, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

74 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 6 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

FROM THE COLD WAR TO OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM: CONTEXUALIZING IRAQ Chair: John W. Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison

“The Iraqis Never Seem to Take Any Action to Carry Out Their ‘Good Words’”: Analyzing Iraq in the Cold War Kate Tietzen, Kansas State University

Night One in Iraq: Desert Storm and Iraqi Freedom Brian Laslie, NORAD and U.S. Northern Command

The Other Side of the COIN: The Iraqi Security Forces during the Surge Wilson C. Blythe, Jr., University of North Texas

Commentator: John S. Reed, University of Utah

PANEL 6 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

DRAWDOWN: THE AMERICAN WAY OF POSTWAR Chair: Wayne Lee, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Challenged: Developing Professionalism in the U.S. Army during the Nineteenth Century John A. Bonin, U.S. Army War College

The Elusive Lesson: U.S. Army Unpreparedness during the Twentieth Century Edward A. Gutiérrez, Northeastern University

Warfare in Early New England and the Creation of the American Military Paradigm Jason W. Warren, U.S. Army War College

Commentator: Michael E. Lynch, U.S. Army War College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 75 3:00 PM – 3:30 PM BREAK BALLROOM 5 – 8 (Exhibit Hall), 2ND FLOOR

SESSION 7: 3:30 PM – 5:00 PM PANEL 7 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

DIFFERING PERSPECTIVES ON WAR: NAVIGATING THE CHALLENGES OF CONFLICT IN EARLY AMERICA Chair: Ellen D. Tillman, Texas State University

“Being all Desirous of Union and Studious of Peace”: The Challenges of Confederation in the Wake of the Pequot War Tyler A. Rotter, University of Southern Mississippi

Toward a Doctrine of Huttification: The Continental Army’s Winter Encampments of 1779 and 1780 Steven Elliott, Temple University

“Thank God He Has Chosen a Service That Will Never Throw Him in My Way as an Enemy”: Family Divisions in the Revolutionary War Jessica J. Sheets, U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center

Avoiding War on the Border, Avoiding War at Home Joshua S. Haynes, University of Southern Mississippi

Commentator: Matthew S. Muehlbauer, Austin Peay State University

76 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 7 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

AMERICAN CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND WORLD WAR I Chair: David Hogan, U.S. Army Center of Military History

Senator George Chamberlain and Congressional Support for the U.S. Army Eric Setzekorn, U.S. Army Center of Military History

The March-Baker Bill and the Struggle for Postwar Army Reform Brian Neumann, U.S. Army Center of Military History

The Ansell-Crowder Dispute and American Military Justice Fred Borch, U.S. Army Judge Advocate General’s Corps

Commentator: Mark E. Grotelueschen, United States Air Force Academy

PANEL 7 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

MILITARY HISTORY WITHIN AND BEYOND ACADEME Chair: Kurt H. Hackemer, University of South Dakota

The Birth, Near Death, and Revival of the American Military Institute and Its Quarterly Journal 1933-1968 Timothy S. Wolters, Iowa State University

A Trickle-Down Effect? Teaching Military History at the Secondary Level, Or, Why Do We Do What We Do Amy J. Rutenberg, Iowa State University

Pre-Modern Military History in American Doctoral Programs: Figures and Implications John D. Hosler, Morgan State University

Commentator: Angelina Callahan, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 77 PANEL 7 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

REMAINING HUMAN IN A GLOBAL WAR: HUMANITARIAN AID, RESCUE, AND RESISTANCE IN FRANCE, THE NETHERLANDS, AND JAPAN, 1940-45 Chair and Commentator: Patrick Henry, Whitman College

Breaking Stereotypes, Saving Lives: A Jewish Female Rescuer in the Dutch Holocaust Raymond C. Sun, Washington State University

A Story of American Intervention: Roswell McLelland’s Humanitarian Work in World War II France Kelly D. Palmer, University of Colorado at Denver

“Race Hate” in a “Race War?”: The Case for Japanese Racial Ambivalence W. Puck Brecher, Washington State University

PANEL 7 E - ST. JOHNS, 3RD FLOOR

THE INDIRECT APPLICATION OF SEA POWER, 1861-1922 Chair and Commentator: Brian Holden-Reid, King’s College London

“Desolation from Abroad”: Confederates, Colonists, and the Blockade in the American Civil War Beau Cleland, University of Calgary

Blockade at the Intersections of British Grand Strategy 1914-15 Avram Lytton, King’s College London

Navigating the Storm: The Evolution of British Maritime Diplomacy, 1912-1922 Louis Halewood, University of Oxford

78 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 7 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

THE SOLDIER AND THE CIVILIAN IN MILITARY HISTORY AND THEORY: 250 YEARS OF GLOBAL INFLUENCES ON MILITARY THINKING, 1740-1990 Chair: Patrick Speelman, United States Merchant Marine Academy

Influencing Wellington’s Army: The Impact of Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Military Thought on the British Army Huw J. Davies, King’s College London

A Case of Goats Mingling with Sheep? The Wartime Relationship Between the Civilian Engineering Profession and the British Army 1914-1919 Aimée Fox-Godden, King’s College London

“Operation Military History Singapore”: Theodore Ropp’s Makers of Modern Strategy Revisted and the Parameters of Military History Michael P. M. Finch, King’s College London

Commentator: Mark Danley, United States Military Academy

PANEL 7 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

ANTEBELLUM DEVELOPMENTS IN AMERICAN MILITARY AND NAVAL PROFESSIONALISM Chair: Samuel J. Watson, United States Military Academy

Professionals, Patronage, and Officership: Sergeant Major Thomas Grey’s Quest for a Regular Commission, 1848-1855 Richard N. Grippaldi, Rutgers University-New Brunswick

Thomas Sidney Jesup and the Professionalism of U.S. Army Quartermasters in the Early Republic Jean-Pierre Beugoms, Temple University

John Rodgers and Naval Professionalism in the Early Republic Joshua Wolf, Benedictine College

Commentator: William B. Skelton, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 79 PANEL 7 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

INDIGENOUS TROOPS IN EUROPEAN ARMIES: TOWARDS A REASSESSMENT OF RACE IN A MILITARY CONTEXT Chair: Timothy Stapleton, University of Calgary

“Better of His Colour I Never Saw”: British Official Attitudes Towards Indian Officers in the East India Company’s Army (1752-1857) Christina Welsch, The College of Wooster

For Another Country and Another King: Indian Army’s Contribution to the Great War, 1914-1918 Manas Dutta, Kazi Nazrul University, India

PANEL 7 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

CULTIVATING GENERALS: LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND THREE AMERICAN COMMANDERS Chair and Commentator: Earl D. Matthews, U.S. Air Force (Retired)

Fox Conner and Mentorship Gregory S. Hospodor, United States Air Force Academy

“Attack at Once” or “Go On as Your Propose”: The Adaptive Ulysses S. Grant Harry S. Laver, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Moral Courage and Followership Development: Colin Powell, 1958-1969 Jeffrey J. Matthews, University of Puget Sound

80 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 7 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

VICE PRESIDENTIAL PANEL MAKING WAR ACCESSIBLE: STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING MILITARY HISTORY Chair and Commentator: Jennifer Zoebelein, Kansas State University

The Presence of Violence: Making Military History Relevant in the Classroom Michael Hankins, Kansas State University

Flexibility on the Battlefield: Teaching Military History for Diverse Audiences Boyd Harris, San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site

Cracking Open the World: Teaching Military History on a Global Scale Wayne Lee, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 81 6:00 PM

BALLROOM 4, 2ND FLOOR COCKTAIL HOUR (Cash Bar)

7:15 PM – 10:00 PM

FOYER IN FRONT OF BALLROOM 4, 2ND FLOOR BANQUET (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required) “Challenges for the Future Force”

Jay M. Garner Lieutenant General U.S. Army (Retired)

82 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SUNDAY, APRIL 2, 2017 7:00 AM – 8:30 AM

FOYER IN FRONT OF BALLROOM 4 – 6, 2ND FLOOR CONTINENTAL BREAKFAST

SESSION 8: 8:30 AM – 10:00 AM PANEL 8 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

GLOBALIZING WAR: ASPECTS OF CONFLICT IN THE MODERN HAWAI’I-PACIFIC REGION

Chair: Brian Price, Hawai’i Pacific University

Plundering of the Pacific: The Effects of the CSS Shenandoah on Hawaii and the Pacific World Justin W. Vance, College of Western Idaho

Destruction, Internment and Neutrality in the Pacific Brenden L. Bliss, Hawai’i Pacific University

No Aloha for our “Ohana”! Interwar U.S. Army Plans to Deploy Chemical Weapons to Thwart a Japanese Invasion of Hawai’i and Its Postwar consequences Russell A. Hart, Hawai’i Pacific University

Commentator: Richard B. McCaslin, University of North Texas

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 83 PANEL 8 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

WAR AND MEMORY: REMEMBRANCE AND MEMORIALIZATION OF THE CIVIL WAR AND PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN WAR Chair: Brian Laslie, North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)

“The Blackest Page”: Trauma, Memory, and the Battles of Franklin and Nashville Joseph Bailey, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center

A Symbol of Sectional Reconciliation: The Memorialization of James Birdseye McPherson in Atlanta, Georgia Eric A. Dudley, Kansas State University

Lost to History: Survivors of the Sultana Disaster and their Memorialization Efforts Angela M. Riotto, University of Akron

Crisis in the Philippines Edward Nagurny, Kansas State University

Commentator: Matthew McDonough, Coastal Carolina University

PANEL 8 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

TRIAL AND ERROR: EXPERIENTIAL ADAPTATION IN THE U.S. ARMY, 1865-1945 Chair: Tom Hanson, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Reform and Complacency: West Point after the Civil War Ben Brands, George Mason University

Nostalgia and Perception: Institutional Culture and Lesson Learning in the Early-20th Century U.S. Army Rory McGovern, University of North Carolina

Building from Failure? Training Divisions in the US Army during the World Wars Greg Hope, Ohio State University

Commentator: Michael Rouland, U.S. Army Center of Military History

84 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 8 D - BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

ROUNDTABLE - DOES MILITARY THEORY MAKE A DIFFERENCE Chair: Roger Spiller, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Beware of Snakeskin Oil Passing as Military Theory: Population Centric Coin and the U.S. Army Gian P. Gentile, RAND Corporation

Military Theory, Doctrine, and Education: Why Bother? Ian Hope, NATO Defense College

Was Desert Storm an Example of AirLand Battle: A Quarter Century Reflection Richard Swain, U.S. Army (Retired)

Commentator: Robert Citino, National World War II Museum

PANEL 8 E - ST. JOHNS 4, 3RD FLOOR

OUTSIDE OF OPERATIONS: NEW METHODS AND APPROACHES ON THE SECOND WORLD WAR Chair: Jacob Stoil, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Exploring Occupation and Place in Vichy France Cameron Zinsou, Mississippi State University

Penetrating the German Homeland: Gendered Rhetoric and Air Policy under Arthur “Bomber” Harris (1942-1945) Katie Brown, University of Akron

The Luftwaffe Field Divisions and Their First Year of Combat Michael Stout, University of North Texas

Commentator: Dennis Showalter, Colorado College

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 85 PANEL 8 F - CLEARWATER, 3RD FLOOR

THE FORGOTTEN WARS OF FRANCE IN VIETNAM Chair and Commentator: Alex Lassner, Air War College

The French Conquest of Tonkin 1883-1895: From a Conventional Campaign to Counter-Insurgency William T. Dean III, U.S. Air Force Air Command and Staff College

La Guerre d’Annam: French Economy of Force in Annam, 1945-1954 William Waddell: Air War College

PANEL 8 G - DAYTONA, 3RD FLOOR

BEYOND EFFECTIVENESS: REFRAMING MILITARY INNOVATION IN TERMS OF NETWORKS, POWER AND TIME Chair: Conrad Crane, United States Army Heritage and Education Center

Military Adaptation through the Generational Lens: The Origins of the Progressive Era American Military Profession J. P. Clark, U.S. Army

Who’s Responsible? Actor-Centered Models of Military Innovation Laurence M. Burke, II, National Air and Space Museum

From the Mundane to the Sophisticated: What Small Arms Can Tell Us About Military Innovation and the Question of Power Matthew C. Ford, University of Sussex

Commentator: Timothy Schultz, United States Naval War College

86 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PANEL 8 H - ORLANDO, 3RD FLOOR

“TURBULENCE OF OUR AGE”: AMERICAN RESPONSE TO THREATS, MILITARISM, AND THE UNKNOWN DURING THE COLD WAR Chair: Bryon Greenwald, Joint Forces Staff College

Nuclear Intelligence: Air-Atomic Strategy and its Impact on U.S. Intelligence, 1945-1952 Philip Shackelford, South Arkansas Community College

The Dragon’s Threat: Assessing the Military Challenge Posed by the People’s Republic of China, 1949-1964 A. Gregory Moore, Notre Dame College

Secret Research and Student Protest at Northern Appalachian Universities during the 1960s Tom Weyant, Notre Dame College

Commentator: Jonathan Grant, Florida State University

PANEL 8 I - CITY TERRACE 6, 3RD FLOOR

INTERNATIONAL BORDERLANDS, POLITICS, AND NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC Chair and Commentator: David C. Skaggs, Bowling Green State University

The War Did Not End at Yorktown: Thirty Years of British Military Cross Border Insurgency in the Northern Frontier 1783-1814 John C. Kotruch, University of New Hampshire

Toward a Federalist Grand Strategy: Contextualizing the Quasi-War in the Revolutionary Atlantic Andrew J. Forney, Texas Christian University

Peacekeepers or Conquerors? U.S. Army Officers and the Invasion of East Florida, 1812-1813 Samuel J. Watson, United States Military Academy

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 87 PANEL 8 J - CITY TERRACE 8, 3RD FLOOR

EAGLES, DEVIL DOGS, AND ARMY OFFICERSHIP IN WORLD WAR I 1916-1918 Chair: George N. Voulojianis, John Carroll University

Out of the Blue: American Aviators in World War I Rhonda L. Smith-Daugherty, Alice Lloyd College

U.S. Army Officer Accessions in World War I, 1916-1918 Arthur T. Coumbe, United States Military Academy

“Bushwhackers and Trench Fighters” Marine NCO Leadership in Combat Operations in World War I, 1917-1918 Leo J. Daugherty III, U. S. Army Cadet Command and Fort Knox

Commentator: Annette Amerman, University of Birmingham-UK

10:00 AM – 10: 30 AM

BALLROOM 5 – 8 (Exhibit Hall), 2ND FLOOR BREAK

10:30 AM – 5:30 PM TOUR: ST. AUGUSTINE AND LUNCH (Ticketed Event – Advance Registration Required)

Meet outside of the lobby to the right at the bus.

88 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History SESSION 9: 10:30 AM – 12:00 PM PANEL 9 A - BOARDROOM 1, 3RD FLOOR

U.S. MILITARY AND NUCLEAR WARFARE, 1945-1976 Chair and Commentator: John Curatola, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

Deterring War: The Development of the Strategic Air Command Alert Force Jerome V. Martin, U.S. Strategic Command

Licking the Kittens Too, An Air-Atomic USAF Confronts Small Wars Edward A. Kaplan, U.S. Army War College

The Worst Sin is to Degrade the SIOP, James Schlesinger and U.S. Nuclear Planning, 1973-1976 Corbin Williamson, Air War College

PANEL 9 B - BOARDROOM 2, 3RD FLOOR

CULTIVATING THE FUTURE STUDY OF LAND, SEA, AND AIR WARFARE: THREE SERVICE ACADEMY PERSPECTIVES Chair: Robert P. Wettemann, Jr., United States Air Force Academy

General Norman Cota, OMAHA Beach, and Virtual Reality: A Capstone Project Ian Dome and Brandon Wethman, United States Military Academy at West Point

Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz and the Creation of the Imperial German Navy Foster Bayles, United States Naval Academy

Why They Fought: American Pilots, the Eagle Squadrons, and the Battle of Britain Stewart JG Lange, United States Air Force Academy

Commentator: Steve R. Waddell, United States Military Academy

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 89 PANEL 9 C - BOARDROOM 3, 3RD FLOOR

INFORMING GLOBAL WARFARE: CHALLENGES TO KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER BETWEEN ALLIES, SERVICES AND ARMIES Chair: Mary Kathryn Barbier, Mississippi State University

The Reluctant Ally: The Forging and Failure of the Anglo-Spanish Court of Mixed Commission 1815-1834 Anna Brinkman, Warwick University

The Weary Titan Prepares for Global War, 1878-1904 David Morgan-Owen, King’s College London

A Transnational Story: The Evolution of British Commonwealth Doctrine in the Second World War Jonathan Fennell, King’s College London

Commentator: Caitlin Gale, U.S. National Archives

PANEL 9 D – BOARDROOM 4, 3RD FLOOR

IN PURSUIT OF VICTORY, EUROPEAN ARMIES AT HOME AND ABROAD Chair and Commentator: Jay Lockenour, Temple University

Nathanael Greene and the Battle of Eutaw Springs, September 1781 Michael D. Kennedy, United States Air Force Academy

German Officer Defensive Initiative during the Battle for Moscow Miguel Lopez, United States Air Force Academy

COSSAC, RATTLE and OVERLORD: Lt. Gen. Sir Frederick Morgan, Leadership and Planning the Normandy Assault Stephen Kepher, Independent Historian

90 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History PHOTO AND MEDIA REPRODUCTION RELEASE STATEMENT

Society for Military History (SMH) and Florida State University (FSU) Photo and Media Reproduction Release Statement

Photographs and other media may be taken at this meeting and related events. These photos, videos, recordings, etc. may be used in future SMH and FSU publications, on the SMH and FSU websites or in other related materials. By attending any SMH FSU-sponsored event (e.g. meetings, meal and social events, panels, sessions, tours, etc.), you agree to allow SMH and FSU to use your image, voice, and likeness in any SMH FSU-related media publications or websites.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 91 From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.

92 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History EXHIBITORS

University Press of Kansas 100 University Press of Kentucky 101 University of Oklahoma Press 103 Indiana University Press 104 University of Tennessee Press 105 Cornell University Press 106 Oxford University Press 107 Iwo Jima Association of America 108 ABC-CLIO 110 Osprey Publishing 112 The Scholar’s Choice 113 Fordham University Press 114 Kent State University Press 115 Naval Institute Press 116 Wilfrid Laurier University Press 117 Journal of Military History 119 Marine Corps History Division/MCU Press 200 Brill 201 Cambridge University Press 203 McFarland and Company, Inc. Publishers 204 University of North Carolina Press 205 Rowman and Littlefield 206 University of Louisville 207 Casemate Publisher 212 Texas A&M University Press 213 Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 214 U.S. Army Center of Military History 216 Association Book Exhibit 217 Special Collections/Strozier Library - FSU 219 Institute on World War II and the Human Experience 306

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110 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.

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The Thomas C. Cundy Fund for World War II Era Research

Institute on World War II and the Human Experience Department of History Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida

Honoring the memory and lasting vision of Thomas C. Cundy, Sr. the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience, Department of History, Florida State University anticipates offering at least one $500 travel grant for scholars and graduate students (ABD) to use the holdings of the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience in 2017-2018.

Founded in 1997, the Institute maintains one of the nation’s largest archives documenting the human dimension of the Second World War with special emphasis on the role of American servicemen and servicewomen as well as those serving on the home front. Among the noteworthy collections are the Tom Brokaw Collection containing letters, photographs, and manuscripts used in the writing of the Greatest Generation and the Anne and Wayne Coloney papers that includes a set of family papers beginning in the 1780s and continuing into the 21st Century. Notable international collections include the Oliver Austin Collection that includes extensive photographic documentation of the American occupation of Japan and the Hasterlik, Hine and Wolff Collection which focuses on the daily lives of a middle class Jewish Viennese family and their responses to Nazi persecution. For more information on the Institute’s collections, please visit the website at: http://ww2.fsu.edu. The Institute welcomes specific inquiries regarding our holdings. Please address them to Professor G. Kurt Piehler, Director, Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at [email protected].

Applicants for this program should submit by May 1, 2017 a proposal of no more than five pages in the form of a letter, a current C.V., and the names and addresses of three references, all in a PDF document. Graduate student applicants should also submit a letter of recommendation from their Dissertation Advisor or the Director of Graduate Studies of their program. In the subject line, please include: CUNDY FUND APPLICATION-2017. Letters of recommendation for graduate student applicants should be sent directly to the Institute Director, Professor G. Kurt Piehler at [email protected] by May 1, 2017.

112 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History CALL FOR PAPERS 85th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History

“Landscapes of War and Peace”

April 5-8, 2018, Louisville, Kentucky

The Society for Military History is pleased to call for papers for its 85th Annual Meeting, hosted by the University of Louisville’s College of Arts & Sciences and the Department of History in Louisville, Kentucky.

For the 2018 SMH meeting, the program committee will consider paper and panel proposals on all aspects of military history, especially encouraging submissions that reflect on this year’s theme,Landscapes of War and Peace.

We will mark two particularly important anniversaries in 2018, the centennial of the end of the First World War and four hundred years since the beginning of the Thirty Years’ War, one of the most destructive conflicts in history. The program committee invites submissions that explore the outbreak of warfare and the difficult ways out of fighting and towards peace. Because the conference will be hosted in the heart of the Ohio country, locale of many early American conflicts, the program committee is also interested in submissions that focus on the geography, environment, and spaces of warfare.

Panel proposals must include a panel title (along with the full names and institutional affiliations of each participant and the full title of each paper), a one-page abstract summarizing the theme of the panel, a one-page abstract for each paper proposed, and a one-page curriculum vitae for each panelist (including the chair and commentator), with email addresses and other contact information provided for all participants. Submissions of pre-organized panels are strongly encouraged and will be given preference in the selection process. Individual paper proposals are also welcome and must include a one-page abstract of the paper, one-page vita, and contact information, including email. If accepted, individual papers will be assigned by the program committee to an appropriate panel with a chair and commentator.

Poster proposals allow military historians (especially, but not limited to, graduate students) to share their research through visual materials. Proposals for single individual presentations may be submitted as posters.

84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History 113 Participants may present one paper, serve on a roundtable, or provide panel comments. They may not fill more than one of these roles during the conference, nor should they propose to do so to the Program Committee. Members who act as panel chairs for only one session may deliver a paper, serve on a roundtable, or offer comments in a different session. Members who serve as both the chair and commentator of a single session may not present in another session.

All submissions should be sent in a single PDF document which includes all elements (abstracts, CVs, and contact information). Submissions sent in different formats will not be accepted.

All proposals must be submitted electronically to the program committee by October 1, 2017. Email address: [email protected]. All presenters, chairs, and commentators must be members of the Society for Military History by December 31, 2017.

The meeting will be held at the Galt House Hotel in downtown Louisville, Kentucky.

114 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for Military History From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.

You can find the rest of this four page letter dispersed throughout the program. From the Wilson Averre Koontz Collection (16.0031) at the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Private Koontz was in the 4th Marine Division.