DOCSLIB.ORG

Imam Mahdi) Is Very Close

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Imam Mahdi) Is Very Close Name of God The advent of the savior of humanity (Imam Mahdi) is very close The hope of a savior does not belong to a particular religion or nation. Looking at history, it can be clearly seen that all nations have announced the hope of a savior. A savior who, after the world has been filled with poverty, oppression and injustice. Come and establish the rule of divine justice and fill the world with justice. And it creates so much security that if a woman travels half the planet alone, no one will harm her. Or if someone wants to help someone with money, he can not find the person in need. It rains and the sky pours all its rain on the ground. The hope for the advent of a savior is a universal hope and in different religions there are signs for the advent of a savior. Which is presented in Islam as the last religion (due to its proximity to the time of the advent of the savior of the end times) in more detail. The importance of reappearance in Islam is so great that the Prophet of Islam says: Waiting for reappearance is the highest worship. Al-Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, vol. 52, p. 128, p. 21 0. Or Imam Ja'far Sadegh says: If any of you dies while waiting for the rule of Imam al-Zaman (as), he is like the one who was in his tent with Imam Qaem (as), then he paused for a while and said: No, but like someone Is to fight with the Prophet, then he said: No, I swear by God, but it is like someone who is martyred next to the Messenger of God. Al-Kalini, Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, Vol. 1, p. 372 Predicting the advent of a savior in different religions The savior of the end times in Buddhism: In the commands of the Buddha himself, he predicted the future of mankind. The Buddha believes that in the future, man will experience disorder and crisis in a period of time. According to these prophecies, human societies are in crisis in the end times, and the people of that society will be exploitative, oppressive and absurd. They consider evil as good and do not distinguish between good and evil, and only respect their sexual desires and tend to a luxurious life. Although Buddhist narrations have preached about the character and appearance of the last Buddha or promised Savior, they do not agree on how many Buddhas are the apocalyptic savior and how he will appear (Book of Promise, p. 107). Savior in Zoroaster: In Zoroastrian beliefs, and specifically in Pahlavi texts, the world is divided into nine thousand or twelve thousand cosmic years. In the last three thousand years of the world, three saviors of the Zoroastrian generation will appear. The word frasa and farshokrti from the root frasha means to give new life, and hence the day of resurrection or apocalypse is called farashgard, at which time, new life is given to the world. According to Zoroastrian beliefs about the creation of the world, after Ahura Mazda created worldly beings, the devil (the evil god) also created a similar creation and along with each of Ahura Mazda's creatures who were full of good, he accompanied all the creatures with evil, which is why , The world is suffering from a mixture of good and bad. In the time of the apocalypse, Sushyant, or the promised savior, provides the conditions for the complete defeat of the devil and his destruction. The world experiences the stage of "separation" and the hand of the devil is cut off from this world once again. According to Pahlavi texts, on that day, after the fruition of Sushyant's efforts, inanimate bodies come to life and the world becomes new; Evil disappears and good pervades the world; There is no more demon and Ahuramazda dominates everything and his laws rule the world. This condition also affects nature. (History of Zoroastrianism, Mary Boyce, translated by Homayoun Sanatizadeh - IQNA website) Savior in Judaism: In the book of Malachi, apparently written in the 5th century BC, the subject of "the end of time" meaning its epistemology has become clearer. Before the "great and fear-inspiring day of God" arrives, the prophet Elijah, who ascended to heaven and lives there, will appear, God will descend into his temple, a great judgment will be established, and all the unbelievers and Sinners will be rewarded for their deeds. Old Testament, Malachi, 3: 1-6 .. The book of Zechariah II, which is the last six chapters of the book of Zechariah, gives the good news of the coming of the promised Savior or righteous King who will triumphantly enter Jerusalem and rule from sea to sea and to the ends of the earth. Old Testament, Zechariah, 9: 9-10. And when the "day of the Lord" comes, great cosmic changes will take place: the sun and the stars will be darkened, the night will be bright, "the living waters of Jerusalem will flow, half of them to the east sea and the other half to the west sea. He is gone ... and Jehovah will be king over all the earth. [Old Testament, Zechariah, 8:14 Savior in Christianity: Then Christ descends from heaven with an army of angels, two strange beasts who have plotted the powers of Satan and corrupted the world, and the Antichrist and his followers will be defeated and destroyed, the Antichrist will be thrown into the sea of fire and the birds from the flesh and blood of tyrants and evildoers. They are full. New Testament, Revelation, 1: 13-18. As the demonic powers are destroyed, the devil himself is chained and imprisoned for 1,000 years in the depths of the abyss. New Testament, Revelation, 1: 20-10. In these 1000 years the martyrs will be resurrected and Christ will rule the world and peace, goodness and blessing will be established in the world. It is not suffering, disease or death, the moon is as bright as the sun and the sun is 7 times brighter than the moon. Savior in Islam: In the holy religion of Islam, the issue of the promised and the savior is clearly raised. The Qur'an, the holy book of Muslims, refers in several verses to the rule of the righteous on earth and the dominance of the true religion. Among them is verse 105 of Surah Al-Anbiya, God states in this verse that the earth will be inherited and taken over by my righteous servants. He also states that this is a fact that has been mentioned in the books of the previous prophets. In verse 55 of Surah Noor, God promises the people who believe and do righteous deeds that He will lend them the caliphate and rule on earth, and will establish and establish their religion, and in such a time, peace and security. The perfect is created in the world and people worship and serve God. God states in three places in the Qur'an that Islam will prevail over all religions; However, the disbelievers and the polytheists do not want to and present themselves as witnesses to such an event. Ali ibn Hilal narrated from his father that he said that in the illness of the Prophet (PBUH), his presence was honored. I saw Fatima (PBUH) sitting on her father's bed and crying because the sound of her crying was loud, the Prophet raised his head and said: Dear Fatima! Why are you crying? He said: Am I afraid that our respect will be lost after you? He said: My dear, do you not know that God looked at the people of the earth and chose your father from among them, then he looked and chose your husband, and revealed to me that I should marry you to him? My Daughter! We are the Ahl al-Bayt that God Almighty has given us seven virtues that He has not given to anyone before and after us, and that is: I am the seal of the prophets with God and the best of them and the most beloved servants and with these privileges I am your father, my successor is the best successors of the prophets and the most beloved with God, and he is your husband, our martyr is the best martyr and the most beloved of them with God and he is Hamza bin Abdulmutallab is your father and husband's uncle. Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, who flies with the angels in heaven with two wings, is one of your father's cousins and your husband's brother. My grandchildren, Hassan and Hussein, are your two children and two gentlemen from Paradise, and I swear to God that their father is better than them. O Fatima! To God, who has truly raised me, the Mahdi of this nation is also one of them, when the world is in chaos and chaos arises and roads are blocked. And plunder each other's property, neither the greater nor the lesser will have mercy, nor the lesser will keep the greater respect. Let the end of time endure and fill the earth with justice as it is filled with oppression ..... Kashf al-Ghamma p. 5 - Forty hadiths in Al-Mahdi Examples of Sunni religious scholars specifying the frequency of the news of the Mahdi (as) 1. Hafiz Abu Abdullah Ganji Shafi'i (d. 658 AH) writes in the book "Al-Bayyan Fi Akhbar Sahib Al- Zaman": "The hadiths of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) about the Mahdi have reached a frequency due to the many narrators he has".
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Volume 7: Shaping Global Islamic Discourses : the Role of Al-Azhar, Al-Medina and Al-Mustafa Masooda Bano Editor
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by eCommons@AKU eCommons@AKU Exploring Muslim Contexts ISMC Series 3-2015 Volume 7: Shaping Global Islamic Discourses : The Role of al-Azhar, al-Medina and al-Mustafa Masooda Bano Editor Keiko Sakurai Editor Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/uk_ismc_series_emc Recommended Citation Bano, M. , Sakurai, K. (Eds.). (2015). Volume 7: Shaping Global Islamic Discourses : The Role of al-Azhar, al-Medina and al-Mustafa Vol. 7, p. 242. Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/uk_ismc_series_emc/9 Shaping Global Islamic Discourses Exploring Muslim Contexts Series Editor: Farouk Topan Books in the series include Development Models in Muslim Contexts: Chinese, “Islamic” and Neo-liberal Alternatives Edited by Robert Springborg The Challenge of Pluralism: Paradigms from Muslim Contexts Edited by Abdou Filali-Ansary and Sikeena Karmali Ahmed Ethnographies of Islam: Ritual Performances and Everyday Practices Edited by Badouin Dupret, Thomas Pierret, Paulo Pinto and Kathryn Spellman-Poots Cosmopolitanisms in Muslim Contexts: Perspectives from the Past Edited by Derryl MacLean and Sikeena Karmali Ahmed Genealogy and Knowledge in Muslim Societies: Understanding the Past Edited by Sarah Bowen Savant and Helena de Felipe Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: Shariah and Legal Pluralism Arskal Salim Shaping Global Islamic Discourses: The Role of al-Azhar, al-Medina and al-Mustafa Edited by Masooda Bano and Keiko Sakurai www.euppublishing.com/series/ecmc
    [Show full text]
  • The Muslim 500 2011
    The Muslim 500 � 2011 The Muslim The 500 The Muslim 500 � 2011 The Muslim The 500 The Muslim 500The The Muslim � 2011 500———————�——————— THE 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS ———————�——————— � 2 011 � � THE 500 MOST � INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro- The Muslim 500: The 500 Most Influential Muslims duced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic 2011 (First Edition) or mechanic, inclding photocopying or recording or by any ISBN: 978-9975-428-37-2 information storage and retrieval system, without the prior · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · written permission of the publisher. Views expressed in The Muslim 500 do not necessarily re- Chief Editor: Prof. S. Abdallah Schleifer flect those of RISSC or its advisory board. Researchers: Aftab Ahmed, Samir Ahmed, Zeinab Asfour, Photo of Abdul Hakim Murad provided courtesy of Aiysha Besim Bruncaj, Sulmaan Hanif, Lamya Al-Khraisha, and Malik. Mai Al-Khraisha Image Copyrights: #29 Bazuki Muhammad / Reuters (Page Designed & typeset by: Besim Bruncaj 75); #47 Wang zhou bj / AP (Page 84) Technical consultant: Simon Hart Calligraphy and ornaments throughout the book used courtesy of Irada (http://www.IradaArts.com). Special thanks to: Dr Joseph Lumbard, Amer Hamid, Sun- dus Kelani, Mohammad Husni Naghawai, and Basim Salim. English set in Garamond Premiere
    [Show full text]
  • Philosophy of Power and the Mediation of Art:The Lasting Impressions of Artistic Intermediality from Seventeenth Century Persia to Present Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny
    Maine State Library Digital Maine Academic Research and Dissertations Maine State Library Special Collections 2018 Philosophy of Power and the Mediation of Art:The Lasting Impressions of Artistic Intermediality from Seventeenth Century Persia to Present Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalmaine.com/academic PHILOSOPHY OF POWER AND THE MEDIATION OF ART: THE LASTING IMPRESSIONS OF ARTISTIC INTERMEDIALITY FROM SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PERSIA TO PRESENT Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny Submitted to the faculty of The Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy May, 2018 Accepted by the faculty of the Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. COMMITTEE MEMBERS Committee Chair: Ali Anooshahr, Ph.D. Professor, Department of History University of California, Davis Committee Member: Christopher Yates, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Philosophy, and Art Theory Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts Committee Member: EL Putnam, Ph.D. Assistant Lecturer, Dublin School of Creative Arts Dublin Institute of Technology ii © 2018 Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii “Do we need a theory of power? Since a theory assumes a prior objectification, it cannot be asserted as a basis for analytical work. But this analytical work cannot proceed without an ongoing conceptualization. And this conceptualization implies critical thought—a constant checking.” — Foucault To my daughter Ariana, and the young generation of students in the Middle East in search of freedom. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe a debt of gratitude to a number of people, without whose assistance and support this dissertation project would not have taken shape and would not have been successfully completed as it was.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) Vol
    Comparative Study of Post-Marriage Nationality Of Women in Legal Systems of Different Countries http://ijmmu.com [email protected] International Journal of Multicultural ISSN 2364-5369 Volume 5, Issue 3 and Multireligious Understanding June, 2018 Pages: 365-380 Validation of the Interpretative Narrations of the Alternative Tribe (verse 54 sura Ma'edah) with Emphasis on Fakhr-Razi's Perspective Hamzeh Ali Bahrami1*; Razieh Sadat Seyed Khorasani2 1 Assistant Professor, Faculty member of the Department of Teaching of Islamic, University of Isfahan, Iran 2 PhD at Jame'ah al-zahra, Quranic sciences and it's interpretation teacher and Quran Researcher, Iran Email: [email protected]*; [email protected] http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i3.1202 Abstract One of the most challenging verses of the Quran is the verse 54 of Sura Ma’edah. This verse is about coming of an alternative nation of apostates. Fakhr-Razi, introducing Abu Bakr as the only example of the verse, considers this verse to be the most compelling reason to prove his righteousness and tries to consolidate his view by other narrations. This descriptive-analytic study, focusing on the Fakhr-Razi’s view, first presents the five general views and arguments of each group regarding alternative tribe, then by validating documents of the traditions based on ‘Ammeh ( Sunni ) sources, proves that their narrational reasons are not authentic. Eventually, it will be proved that the first instance of the verse is Imam Ali (as) and his true companions, and the final example of the verse is Imam Zaman (AS) – may God hasten his reappearance- and his companions.
    [Show full text]
  • DEVELOPMENT of Shrism in CONTEMPORARY IRAN
    DEVELOPMENT OF SHriSM IN CONTEMPORARY IRAN il.BSTRACTS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy (Isla.mic Studies) BY Ahsanul Haq UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF ^^\^ CENTRE OF WEST ASIAN STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 1988 DEVELOPMENT OF SHI1SM IN CONTEMPORARY IRAN ABSTRACTS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy (Isl£imic Studies) BY Ahsanul Haq UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF CENTRE OF WEST ASIAN STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 1988 ABSTRACT The oppositional attitude of the Shi'i 'ulania' towards the Pahlavi regime increased tremendously during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah (1941-79). This opposition, obviously, had certain theoretical bases. Though the power and authority of 'ulama' vis-a-vis the existing government began to increase right from the Safavi period, an attempt to make a direct bid for power is certainly a recent phenomenon. Although there are quite a few general works available on the changing roles of the Iranian 'ulama', there is no serious study of the theoretical changes that took place in the thoughts of Shi'i 'ulama' during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah. This dissertation tries to fulfil this gap. The dissertation is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter deals with the origins of Shi'i theory of imamate. Most of the basic concepts of Ithna 'Ashari Shi'ism (the Twelvers) such as imaroat ghayabat, intezar and taqiyya were crystallised during the Buyid and Mongol periods. According to Ithna 'Ashari Shi'i belief only the Prophet and imams possess legitimate authority -2- to rule over the people. They enjoyed spiritual as well as temporal velayat' over the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Ln Compliance with the Canadian Privacy Legislation Sorne Supporting Forms May Have Been Removed from This Dissertation. While T
    ln compliance with the Canadian Privacy Legislation sorne supporting forms may have been removed from this dissertation. While these forms may be included . in the document page count, their removal does not represent any loss of content from the dissertation. The Tijaniyya Order in Tamale, Ghana: Its Foundation, Organization and Role. By Mohammad S aani Ibrahim A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts Institute of Islamic Studies McGill University, Montreal August, 2002 © Mohammad Saani Ibrahim 2002 National Library Bibliothèque nationale 1+1 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisisitons et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 0-612-88651-4 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 0-612-88651-4 The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts from it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou aturement reproduits sans son permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Imam Mahdi (A.S.) the Just Leader of Humanity
    Imam Mahdi (a.s.) The Just Leader of Humanity Contents AL-IMAM AL-MAHDI Translator's Introduction THE JUST LEADER OF HUMANITY Author's Introduction Chapter 1 The Beginning of the Belief in the Mahdi Ayatollah Ibrahim Amini Chapter 2 The Pseudo-Mahdis Chapter 3 Mahdiism, the Jews, Translated by and the Iranians Dr. Abdulaziz Sachedina Chapter 4 The Unseen World and the Imam of the Age Chapter 5 Who Was the Imam after Hasan 'Askari? Chapter 6 Can a Five Year Old Boy Become an Imam? Chapter 7 Why Did Not the Occultation Become Complete from the Beginning? Chapter 8 The Sunni Books on the Characteristics Imam Mahdi (a.s.) The Just Leader of Humanity of the Mahdi Chapter 9 The Research about Longevity Chapter 10 The Residence of the Twelfth Imam Chapter 11 The Minds of the People Prepare for the Advent of the Mahdi Chapter 12 How Will the Imam Know That the Time for the Appearance (Zuhur) Has Come? Chapter 13 Further Investigation in the Hadith-Reports Chapter 14 The Signs of the Appearance (Zuhur) of the Mahdi Imam Mahdi (a.s.) The Just Leader of Humanity Translator's Introduction In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate As I write this preface to the translation of the book on our twelfth Imam, al-Qa'im al-Mahdi (peace be upon him), it gives me enormous satisfaction for having realized the task that I undertook as a statement of my personal faith. Initially the task was personally assigned by the author of the book, Ayatollah Ibrahim Amini, during my visit to Tehran in the summer of 1993.
    [Show full text]
  • Final List of Delegations
    Supplément au Compte rendu provisoire (21 juin 2019) LISTE FINALE DES DÉLÉGATIONS Conférence internationale du Travail 108e session, Genève Supplement to the Provisional Record (21 June 2019) FINAL LIST OF DELEGATIONS International Labour Conference 108th Session, Geneva Suplemento de Actas Provisionales (21 de junio de 2019) LISTA FINAL DE DELEGACIONES Conferencia Internacional del Trabajo 108.ª reunión, Ginebra 2019 La liste des délégations est présentée sous une forme trilingue. Elle contient d’abord les délégations des Etats membres de l’Organisation représentées à la Conférence dans l’ordre alphabétique selon le nom en français des Etats. Figurent ensuite les représentants des observateurs, des organisations intergouvernementales et des organisations internationales non gouvernementales invitées à la Conférence. Les noms des pays ou des organisations sont donnés en français, en anglais et en espagnol. Toute autre information (titres et fonctions des participants) est indiquée dans une seule de ces langues: celle choisie par le pays ou l’organisation pour ses communications officielles avec l’OIT. Les noms, titres et qualités figurant dans la liste finale des délégations correspondent aux indications fournies dans les pouvoirs officiels reçus au jeudi 20 juin 2019 à 17H00. The list of delegations is presented in trilingual form. It contains the delegations of ILO member States represented at the Conference in the French alphabetical order, followed by the representatives of the observers, intergovernmental organizations and international non- governmental organizations invited to the Conference. The names of the countries and organizations are given in French, English and Spanish. Any other information (titles and functions of participants) is given in only one of these languages: the one chosen by the country or organization for their official communications with the ILO.
    [Show full text]
  • Sejarah Dan Budaya Syiah Di Asia Tenggara
    SEJARAH & BUDAYA SYIAH DI ASIA TENGGARA Penyunting Dicky Sofjan, Ph.D. Sejarah & Budaya Syiah di Asia Tenggara @ Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT) Penyunting Dicky Sofjan --cet. 1 -- Yogyakarta: Penerbit Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2013 hlm. xxviii + 330 ISBN 978-979-25-0118-6 1. Sejarah & Budaya Syiah di Asia Tenggara Judul 2. Kumpulan Essai Cetakan Pertama, Juli 2013 Penyunting Ahli: Dicky Sofjan Penyunting Bahasa: Elis Zuliati Anis Desain Cover: Joko Supriyanto Pradiastuti Purwitorosari Tata Letak : Pradiastuti Purwitorosari Foto Cover: Julispong Chularatana Keterangan Gambar Cover: Upacara Maharam pada hari peringatan Asyura di Bangkok, Thailand. Kuda Imam Husein yang bernama “Dzuljanah” membawa keranda matinya yang telah dihiasi sebagai bentuk peringatan terhadap tragedi pembantaian terhadap Imam Husein, keluarga, dan pengikutnya di Karbala. Penerbit: Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Teknika Utara, Pogung Sleman, Yogyakarta Anggota IKAPI No: 077/DIY/2012 Hak Cipta @ 2013 pada Penerbit Dicetak oleh: Percetakan Lintang Pustaka Utama (0274-624801) Isi di luar tanggung jawab percetakan SANKSI PELANGGARAN PASAL 72: UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG HAK CIPTA 1. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak melakukan perbuatan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) atau Pasal 49 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) dipidana penjara masing-masing paling singkat 1 (satu) bulan dan/atau denda paling sedikit Rp. 1.000.000,00 (satu juta rupiah), atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tutjuh) tahun dan/ atau denda paling banyak Rp. 5.000.000.000,00 (lima milyar rupiah). 2. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja menyiarkan, memamerkan, mengedarkan, atau, menjual kepada umum suatu Ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran Hak Cipta atau Hak Terkait sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp.
    [Show full text]
  • Secret Politics of the Sufi: the Sultan And
    THE SECRET POLITICS OF THE SUFI: THE SULTAN AND THE SAINT IN MODERN MOROCCO By Abdelilah Bouasria Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Public Affairs of American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Political Science Chair: Mark Sedgwick Dean of the School of Public Affairs Date 2010 American University Washington D.C. 20016 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 95^ UMI Number: 3415750 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI 3415750 Copyright 2010 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 © COPYRIGHT by Abdelilah Bouasria 2010 All RIGHTS RESERVED DEDICATION To my parents whose unconditional love and financing made me believe that I could do To my wife Paula whose greatness, sweetness and love are so huge that no word could fit, To my sister Leila whose chit chats and debates came to my blurring confusions as a split, To Sidi Hamza, my Sufi master, who taught me that dreams are a school of olives without a pit, To Michel Foucault, the archeologist, who befriended me in times of despair witch such abnormal wit.
    [Show full text]
  • Suddensuccession
    SUDDEN SUCCESSION Examining the Impact of Abrupt Change in the Middle East ALI MAMOURI MEHDI KHALAJI Shia Leadership After Sistani AYATOLLAH ALI AL-SISTANI is a transnational marja Khalaji. These analyses both address Sistani’s succession (Shia source of emulation) who is based in Najaf, Iraq. and the Shia leadership vacuum that will result not only He was born in 1930 in the Iranian city of Mashhad. in Iran and Iraq but in the worldwide Shia community. In Although no official statistics are available, strong evi- particular, these authors examine how dynamics could dence suggests that alongside Iran’s Supreme Leader, change in the absence of Sistani’s political role, while Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Sistani is the most followed marja also looking at Khamenei’s political-religious clout, Iran’s in the Shia community, with a vast gulf between him and interference in Shia affairs across the Middle East, and the next contestant. In Iraq’s post–Saddam Hussein era, its dominance of transnational Shia religious networks Sistani has played a bold reconciliatory role, supporting a and resources. The jostling for power among clerics constitution-based society and the Iraqi electoral process. that will inevitably follow Sistani therefore warrants close What follows are two distinct treatments of Sistani attention, as do potential related opportunities for Iran and what could follow him by former seminarians within to expand its influence in Iraq and elsewhere in the the Shia clerical establishment, Ali Mamouri and Mehdi Middle East. THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY POLICY NOTE 67 SEPTEMBER 2019 SUDDEN SUCCESSION: TRANSNATIONAL MARJA The Najaf Seminary as an Enduring Check on Shia Political Islam By Ali Mamouri Sistani’s rejection of clerical guardianship is deeply Under the leadership of Ali al-Sistani, the seminary in rooted in the Najaf school.
    [Show full text]
  • A Shelflist of Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine
    A Shelflist of Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service | National Institutes of Health History of Medicine Division | National Library of Medicine Bethesda, Maryland 1996 Single copies of this booklet are available without charge by writing: Chief, History of Medicine Division National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894 A Shelflist of Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service | National Institutes of Health History of Medicine Division | National Library of Medicine Bethesda, Maryland 1996 Preface In 1994, to celebrate the 900th anniversary of the oldest Arabic medical manuscript in its collection, the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine mounted an exhibit entitled "Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts." Showcasing the library's rich holdings in this area, the exhibit was very well received -so much so that there has been a scholarly demand for the library to issue a catalogue of its holdings. This shelflist serves as an interim guide to the collection. It was made possible by the splendid work of Emilie Savage-Smith of Oxford University. Over the past few years, Dr. Savage-Smith has lent her time and her considerable expertise to the cataloguing of these manuscripts, examining every volume, providing much new information on authorship, contents, provenance, etc., superseding the earlier cataloguing by Francis E. Sommer, originally published in Dorothy M. Schullian and Francis E. Sommer, A Catalogue of Incunabula and Manuscripts in the Army Medical Library in 1950.
    [Show full text]