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Workers of the World: International Journal on Strikes and Social Conflicts, Vol
François Guinchard was born in 1986 and studied social sciences at the Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier, France) and at the Université de Franche-Comté (Besançon, France). His master's dissertation was published by the éditions du Temps perdu under the title L'Association internationale des travailleurs avant la guerre civile d'Espagne (1922-1936). Du syndicalisme révolutionnaire à l'anarcho-syndicalisme [The International Workers’ Association before the Spanish civil war (1922-1936). From revolutionary unionism to anarcho-syndicalism]. (Orthez, France, 2012). He is now preparing a doctoral thesis in contemporary history about the International Workers’ Association between 1945 and 1996, directed by Jean Vigreux, within the Centre George Chevrier of the Université de Bourgogne (Dijon, France). His main research theme is syndicalism but he also took part in a study day on the emigration from Haute-Saône department to Mexico in October 2012. Text originally published in Strikes and Social Conflicts International Association. (2014). Workers of the World: International Journal on Strikes and Social Conflicts, Vol. 1 No. 4. distributed by the ACAT: Asociación Continental Americana de los Trabajadores (American Continental Association of Workers) AIL: Associazione internazionale dei lavoratori (IWA) AIT: Association internationale des travailleurs, Asociación Internacional de los Trabajadores (IWA) CFDT: Confédération française démocratique du travail (French Democratic Confederation of Labour) CGT: Confédération générale du travail, Confederación -
Anarchist Modernism and Yiddish Literature
i “Any Minute Now the World’s Overflowing Its Border”: Anarchist Modernism and Yiddish Literature by Anna Elena Torres A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Joint Doctor of Philosophy with the Graduate Theological Union in Jewish Studies and the Designated Emphasis in Women, Gender and Sexuality in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Chana Kronfeld, Chair Professor Naomi Seidman Professor Nathaniel Deutsch Professor Juana María Rodríguez Summer 2016 ii “Any Minute Now the World’s Overflowing Its Border”: Anarchist Modernism and Yiddish Literature Copyright © 2016 by Anna Elena Torres 1 Abstract “Any Minute Now the World’s Overflowing Its Border”: Anarchist Modernism and Yiddish Literature by Anna Elena Torres Joint Doctor of Philosophy with the Graduate Theological Union in Jewish Studies and the Designated Emphasis in Women, Gender and Sexuality University of California, Berkeley Professor Chana Kronfeld, Chair “Any Minute Now the World’s Overflowing Its Border”: Anarchist Modernism and Yiddish Literature examines the intertwined worlds of Yiddish modernist writing and anarchist politics and culture. Bringing together original historical research on the radical press and close readings of Yiddish avant-garde poetry by Moyshe-Leyb Halpern, Peretz Markish, Yankev Glatshteyn, and others, I show that the development of anarchist modernism was both a transnational literary trend and a complex worldview. My research draws from hitherto unread material in international archives to document the world of the Yiddish anarchist press and assess the scope of its literary influence. The dissertation’s theoretical framework is informed by diaspora studies, gender studies, and translation theory, to which I introduce anarchist diasporism as a new term. -
Kropotkin in America
PAULAVRICH KROPOTKIN IN AMERICA It is a well-established fact that foreign immigrants and visitors played a major role in the emergence of American anarchism. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, European-born artisans and peasants — Germans and Czechs, Italians and Spaniards, Russians and Jews — constituted the mass base of the movement, while its intellectual leadership included well-known speakers and writers from diverse countries, who came either as permanent settlers or on extended lecture tours. Among the Russians, Michael Bakunin spent nearly two months in the United States after his flight from Siberia in 1861.1 Stepniak (S. M. Kravchinsky) went there to lecture in 1891, N. V. Chaikovsky to join a Utopian community and again to raise funds for the Russian revolutionary movement. The flood of Russian immigrants before and during the First World War included V. M. Eikhenbaum ("Volin"), Efim Yarchuk, Aaron and Fanny Baron, Boris Yelensky and William Shatoff, not to mention Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, who had arrived in the 188O's. After the Bolshevik consolidation of power came such figures as Gregory Maximoff, Abba Gordin and Mark Mratchny, who recently died in New York, the last of the Russian anarchists with an international reputation. (Maximoff died in Chicago in 1950 and Alexander Schapiro in New York in 1946, a refugee from Hitler's invasion of France.) Of all the Russian visitors, however, it was Peter Kropotkin who made the greatest impression. The leading figure in the international anarchist movement since Bakunin's death in 1876, Kropotkin was a founder of both the British and Russian anarchist movements, and exerted a strong in- fluence on anarchists throughout the world. -
“For a World Without Oppressors:” U.S. Anarchism from the Palmer
“For a World Without Oppressors:” U.S. Anarchism from the Palmer Raids to the Sixties by Andrew Cornell A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Social and Cultural Analysis Program in American Studies New York University January, 2011 _______________________ Andrew Ross © Andrew Cornell All Rights Reserved, 2011 “I am undertaking something which may turn out to be a resume of the English speaking anarchist movement in America and I am appalled at the little I know about it after my twenty years of association with anarchists both here and abroad.” -W.S. Van Valkenburgh, Letter to Agnes Inglis, 1932 “The difficulty in finding perspective is related to the general American lack of a historical consciousness…Many young white activists still act as though they have nothing to learn from their sisters and brothers who struggled before them.” -George Lakey, Strategy for a Living Revolution, 1971 “From the start, anarchism was an open political philosophy, always transforming itself in theory and practice…Yet when people are introduced to anarchism today, that openness, combined with a cultural propensity to forget the past, can make it seem a recent invention—without an elastic tradition, filled with debates, lessons, and experiments to build on.” -Cindy Milstein, Anarchism and Its Aspirations, 2010 “Librarians have an ‘academic’ sense, and can’t bare to throw anything away! Even things they don’t approve of. They acquire a historic sense. At the time a hand-bill may be very ‘bad’! But the following day it becomes ‘historic.’” -Agnes Inglis, Letter to Highlander Folk School, 1944 “To keep on repeating the same attempts without an intelligent appraisal of all the numerous failures in the past is not to uphold the right to experiment, but to insist upon one’s right to escape the hard facts of social struggle into the world of wishful belief. -
Syndicalism and Anarcho-Syndicalism in Germany: an Introduction by Helge Döhring John Carroll, Trans
Syndicalism and Anarcho-Syndicalism in Germany: An Introduction by Helge Döhring John Carroll, trans. Impressum Herausgegeben von der Freien Arbeiterinnen- und Arbeiter Union [FAU-IAA] Syndikat der Lohnabhängigen und Erwerbslosen Bremen Postfach 105674 – D-28056 Bremen – eMail: [email protected] - Web: www.fau-bremen.tk 1.Auflage: Juni 2006 Syndicalism and Anarcho-Syndicalism in Germany: An Introduction by Helge Döhring John Carroll, trans. INHALT - CONTENT 1. What does “Workers’ Movement” mean? 2. The emergence of Anarcho-Syndicalism and the Free Association of German Unions 3. The moulding of Anarcho-Syndicalism after the First World War 4. A clear alternative to authoritarian Communism: the Free Workers’ Union of Germany 4.1 The essential differences from the centralized Trade Unions 4.2 Reasons for the decline in membership in the Free Workers’ Union 4.2.1 The effects of declining membership on the workplace: Factory Councils and Bargaining Agreements 4.2.2 Tensions and Conflict within the FAUD 4.3 Anarcho-Syndicalism beyond the workplace organization 4.3.1 Cultural organization 4.3.1.1 The Association of free-thinking Proletariat (GpF) 4.3.1.2 The Guild of Friends of Free Books (GfB) 4.3.2 Aid Organizations 4.3.2.1 The Association for Population Control and Sexual Hygiene (RV) 4.3.2.2 The Black Flock 4.3.2.3 The Movement of the Unemployed 4.3.3 Alternatives to the Free Workers’ Union 4.3.3.1 The Communal Settlements 4.3.3.2 The Vagabond Movement 4.3.4 Auxiliary Organizations of the FAUD 4.3.4.1 The Syndicalist-Anarchist Youth of Germany (SAJD) 4.3.4.2 The Syndicalist Women’s Group (SFB) 4.3.4.3 The Childrens’ Movement 4.4 The End of the Free Workers’ Union of Germany 5. -
English-Language Anarchist Periodicals of the Great Depression, 1932–1939 Morris Brodie
Radical Americas Special issue: Radical Periodicals Article Rebel Youths: English-language anarchist periodicals of the Great Depression, 1932–1939 Morris Brodie Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1 NN, UK; [email protected] How to Cite: Brodie, M.‘Rebel Youths: English-language anarchist periodicals of the Great Depression, 1932–1939.’ Radical Americas 3, 1 (2018): 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2018.v3.1.012. Submission date: 2 July 2018; Publication date: 18 September 2018 Peer review: This article has been peer reviewed through the journal’s standard double blind peer-review, where both the reviewers and authors are anonymised during review. Copyright: c 2018, Morris Brodie. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2018.v3.1.012. Open access: Radical Americas is a peer-reviewed open access journal. Abstract This article examines the function of anarchist periodicals in the United States during the Great Depression. Periodicals acted as forums for debate, where ideas were constantly challenged and important theoretical issues were aired. This was both within anarchism and between the wider radical movement. In addition, periodicals were important organisational tools, creating networks that connected activists across the country and helped to build the movement. Young anarchists identified English-language periodicals as vital for breaking through the linguistic barriers erected by the older generation of immigrant anarchists. -
Emma Goldman Papers 1897, 1902-1904, 1907-1939 (1975)1907-1939
Emma Goldman Papers 1897, 1902-1904, 1907-1939 (1975)1907-1939 International Institute of Social History Cruquiusweg 31 1019 AT Amsterdam The Netherlands hdl:10622/ARCH00520 © IISH Amsterdam 2020 Emma Goldman Papers 1897, 1902-1904, 1907-1939 (1975)1907-1939 Table of contents Emma Goldman Papers................................................................................................................... 3 Context............................................................................................................................................... 3 Content and Structure........................................................................................................................3 Access and Use.................................................................................................................................4 Allied Materials...................................................................................................................................4 Appendices.........................................................................................................................................5 Inventory...........................................................................................................................................11 GENERAL...................................................................................................................................12 General correspondence....................................................................................................12 -
What Is Anarchism? - MPT Acharya
What is Anarchism? - MPT Acharya Transcribers’ Introduction Sixty four years ago a small periodical from Allahabad wrote: “Now that India has obtained independence, the old combatant for liberty has given up his last gasp in the most complete poverty.” Writing about the same "old combatant for liberty" Hem Day later recalled that " he is not well known to all, even to our own people, for he has neither the fame of Gandhi, nor the fame of Nehru, nor the popularity of Vinoba, nor the notoriety of Kumarapa, nor the dignity of Tagore. He is Acharya, a revolutionary, an agitator, a writer." M.P.T. Acharya was born on 15th April 1887 in Chennai into a Bhramin family. From early years he was involved in the nationalist struggle. He edited a nationalist magazine for his uncle. When the periodical was suppressed by the colonial authorities Acharya had to escape to French controlled Pondicherry. Sensing he was not safe there he left India and landed in France. He soon moved to London and joined the Indian House with V.D Savarkar, Madan Lal Dhingra and other Indian nationalists. When in 1909 Dhingra assassinated Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie the Indian House soon disintegrated. In next few years he visited Berlin, Munich and in November 1911 was in Constantinople to gain Muslim support against the British. In 1912 he moved to New York and in 1914 to San Fransisco, where he edited the Tamil edition of Gadar Party's periodical. Gadar Party was set up a year ago, with help of his friend and IWW member Har Dayal. -
Contents 35 123 152 255
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTE: In the spelling of Russian names, I have adhered, by and large, to the transliteration system of the Library of Congress, CONTENTS without the soft sign and diacritical marks. Exceptions have been made (a) when other spellings have become more or less conventional (Peter Kropotkin, Leo Tolstoy, Alexander Herzen, Angelica Balabanoff, Trotsky, and Gorky), (b) in two cases ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v where the persons involved spent most of their careers in the West and themselves used a different spelling in the Latin script INTRODUCTION 3 (Alexander Schapiro and Boris Yelensky), and (c) in a few diminutive names (Fanya, Senya,Sanya). PART I: 1905 1. THE STORMY PETREL 9 2. THE TERRORISTS 35 3. THE SYNDICALISTS 72 4. ANARCHISM AND ANTI INTELLECTUALISM 91 PART II: 1917 5. THE SECOND STORM 123 6. THE OCTOBER INSURRECTION 152 7. THE ANARCHISTS AND THE BOLSHEVIK REGIME 171 8. THE DOWNFALL OF RUSSIAN ANARCHISM 204 EPILOGUE 234 CHRONOLOGY 255 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 259 INDEX 291 Vl VU INTRODUCTION Although the idea of a stateless society can be traced back to ancient times, anarchism as an organized movement of social protest is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Emerging in Europe during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was, like liberalism and socialism, primarily a response to the quickening pace of political and economic centralization brought on by the industrial revolution. The anarchists shared with the liberals a common hostility to centralized government, and with the socialists they shared a deep hatred of -
Kropotkin in America
PAULAVRICH KROPOTKIN IN AMERICA It is a well-established fact that foreign immigrants and visitors played a major role in the emergence of American anarchism. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, European-born artisans and peasants — Germans and Czechs, Italians and Spaniards, Russians and Jews — constituted the mass base of the movement, while its intellectual leadership included well-known speakers and writers from diverse countries, who came either as permanent settlers or on extended lecture tours. Among the Russians, Michael Bakunin spent nearly two months in the United States after his flight from Siberia in 1861.1 Stepniak (S. M. Kravchinsky) went there to lecture in 1891, N. V. Chaikovsky to join a Utopian community and again to raise funds for the Russian revolutionary movement. The flood of Russian immigrants before and during the First World War included V. M. Eikhenbaum ("Volin"), Efim Yarchuk, Aaron and Fanny Baron, Boris Yelensky and William Shatoff, not to mention Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, who had arrived in the 188O's. After the Bolshevik consolidation of power came such figures as Gregory Maximoff, Abba Gordin and Mark Mratchny, who recently died in New York, the last of the Russian anarchists with an international reputation. (Maximoff died in Chicago in 1950 and Alexander Schapiro in New York in 1946, a refugee from Hitler's invasion of France.) Of all the Russian visitors, however, it was Peter Kropotkin who made the greatest impression. The leading figure in the international anarchist movement since Bakunin's death in 1876, Kropotkin was a founder of both the British and Russian anarchist movements, and exerted a strong in- fluence on anarchists throughout the world. -
The Russian Anarchists.PDF
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS N o t e : In the spelling of Russian names, I have adhered, by and large, to the transliteration system of the Library of Congress, without the soft sign and diacritical marks. Exceptions have been made (a) when other spellings have become more or less conventional (Peter Kropotkin, Leo Tolstoy, Alexander Herzen, Angelica Balabanoff, Trotsky, and Gorky), (b) in two cases where the persons involved spent most of their careers in the West and themselves used a different spelling in the Latin script (Alexander Schapiro and Boris Yelensky), and (c) in a few diminutive names (Fanya, Senya, Sanya). CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS V INTRODUCTION 3 PART I: 1905 1. THE STORMY PETREL 9 2 . T H E TERRORISTS 35 3. THE SYNDICALISTS 72 4. ANARCHISM AND ANTI- INTELLECTUALISM 91 PART II: 1917 5. THE SECOND STORM 123 6. THE OCTOBER INSURRECTION 152 7. THE ANARCHISTS AND THE BOLSHEVIK REGIME 171 8. THE DOWNFALL OF RUSSIAN ANARCHISM 204 EPILOGUE 234 INTRODUCTION Although the idea of a stateless society can be traced back to ancient times, anarchism as an organized movement of social protest is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Emerging in Europe during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was, like liberalism and socialism, primarily a response to the quickening pace of political and economic centralization brought on by the industrial revolution. The anarchists shared with the liberals a common hostility to centralized government, and with the socialists they shared a deep hatred of the capitalist system. But they held no brief for -
Towards a Cosmopolitan Account of Jewish Socialism Class, Identity and Immigration in Edwardian London Ben Gidley
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Birkbeck Institutional Research Online Towards a Cosmopolitan Account of Jewish Socialism Class, Identity and Immigration in Edwardian London Ben Gidley This article reflects on the historiography of Jewish socialism in Britain by arguing that we cannot understand it without attending fully to both its local context and its transnational and specifically Jewish context. Although the article focuses on Edwardian Britain, the argument speaks equally to other times and places, and indeed for other comparable non-Jewish diasporic radicalisms. In anchoring my argument in Edwardian Britain, I will try to show that the particularities of British socialist intellectual culture, as well as the wider social, cultural and political context in which socialism developed here then, gave a particular shape and form to the varieties of socialism which flourished among Jewish immigrants in London, Leeds, Manchester, Glasgow, Dublin and other cities û but also that the particular cultural traditions and transnational networks in the (mainly Yiddish-speaking) Ashkenazi Jewish world gave them a particular content. The historiography of Jewish socialism in Britain There is a rich historiography of immigrant socialism and of working class Jews in Britain. This includes an earlier Yiddish-language historiography,1 as well as a body of work emerging after the turn in the 1970s to a ‘history from below perspective’, which foregrounded previously neglected dimen- sions of the migrant experience and in particular the dimension of class.2 There is also an important body of socialist history that has touched on the experiences of Jewish activists.3 However, much of this literature attends only to one of the two primary contexts, the national or the Jewish.