Environmental Data for Catalonia 2020

Environmental data for Catalonia 2020

1. General data of Environmental environmental interest data page 4 2. Water for Catalonia page 6 2020 3. Atmospheric environment page 8

@mediambientcat twitter.com/mediambientcat 4. Biodiversity and mediambientcat the natural environment youtube.com/user/mediambientcat page 16 mediambientcat es.slideshare.net/mediambientcat

Sources 5. Climate change Ministry of Territory and Sustainability page 24 Secretariat for Environment and Sustainability Catalan Water Agency (ACA) Waste Agency of Catalonia (ARC) Meteorological Service of Catalonia Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food 6. Sustainable production Ministry of Governance and Institutional Relations Municat and consumption Statistical Institute of Catalonia Forest Ownership Centre page 26

Data is from 31 December of the year indicated

Management and coordination 7. Environmental Directorate-General for Environmental Policy and Nature Environmental Information Service assessment page 28

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License 8. Waste page 32 DL: B. 42384-2012 4 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 5

1.1 Grouping of municipalities by population intervals. Year 2019 1.4 Education centres within the Green Schools Programme

Intervals (inhabitants) Number of municipalities Town GSP (Green Schools Programme) Partial Accumulated % Partial Accumulated % CSSN (Catalan Schools for Sustainability Network) 0-1,000 487 51.4 192,768 2.5 1,600 1,001-5,000 249 77.7 582,349 10.1 1,400 5,001-10,000 90 87.2 642,298 18.5 10,001-20,000 55 93.0 789,005 28.7 1,200 20,001-50,000 43 97.6 1,331,619 46.1 1,000 50,001-100,000 12 98.8 853,677 57.2 800 more than 100,000 11 100.0 3,283,501 100.0 600 Total 947 7,675,217 400

Source: Ministry of Governance and Institutional Relations. Municat 200 0

1.2 Structure of economic activity. Year 2019 07-08 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 98-00* 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 08-09 19-20

Sectors GAV1 % of the total % variation2 in employment3 % of the total % inter-annual variation *Pilot In 2009, the Catalan Schools for Sustainability Network (CSSN) was created. This network includes Green Schools and local networks Agriculture 2,133 0.9 -3.1 51.7 1.5 -10.9 that promote educational programmes in sustainability, and is aimed at education centres in Catalonia. Industry and energy 44,333 19.3 -0.3 621.3 18.1 -0.8 Source: Environmental Education Service. Construction 12,208 5.3 2.3 194.7 5.7 -8.4 Service industries 170,950 74.4 2.7 2,573.0 74.8 4.4 1.5 Regional distribution of education centres that belong to the Green Schools Total 229,624 100.0 3,440.7 100.0 Programme. School year 2019-2020 1 Gross Value Added. In millions of euros. 2 Variation rate in volume. 3 Thousands. Source: Statistical Institute of Catalonia, based on data from the Active Population Survey.

1.3 Number of vehicles (in thousands)

Type of vehicle 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Mopeds and motorbikes 723.3 748.9 782.6 807.1 834.7 860.6 Cars 3,309.6 3,360.9 3,436.3 3,481.3 3,527.5 3,560.2 Buses, lorries and other 940.6 942.7 952.8 934.4 954.2 952.1 Total 4,973.5 5,052.5 5,171.7 5,222.8 5,316.4 5,372.9 Vehicles/1,000 inhabitants1 648.0 658.3 673.8 680.5 692.7 700.0

1 Official population figures for each period. Source: Statistical Institute of Catalonia.

Regional distribution of education centres that belong to the Green Schools Programme

0 1-14 15-25 26-42 43-58 General data of environmental interest environmental General data of Source: Environmental Education Service 1. 6 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 7

2.1 Overall output of functioning wastewater treatment plants 2.3 Pollutant load discharged by establishments (COD1 per year), by production sector, into river basin or WWTP22 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Number of functioning treatment plants 389 495 510 516 518 527 Establishments 2019 Establishments 2018 Number of treatment plants analysed 378 474 493 - 493 527 COD 2019 COD 2018 Treated flow (1000 m3/day)1 1,935 1,704 1,713 1,704 1,891 1,784 400 5,000 Overall average efficiency of suspended matter removal (%) 94.0 94.7 94 94 94 95.4 320 4,000 2 Overall average efficiency of BOD5 removal (%) 94.0 95.4 96 96 96 96.3 3 240 3,000 Overall average efficiency of COD5 removal (%) 90.0 93.4 94 94.3 93 93.2 Note: Currently, over 95% of the population of Catalonia is connected to urban wastewater treatment plants. 160 2,000 1 In thousands. 2 Biochemical oxygen demand. 80 1,000 COMPANIES COMPANIES 3 Chemical oxygen demand. COD TONNES Source: Catalan Water Agency (ACA) 0 0 Chemical Food Textile Paper, printing Tanning and graphic 1 Chemical Oxygen Demand. arts 2.2 Generation, treatment and disposal of sludge generated in wastewater 2 Wastewater treatment plants. treatment plants Tonnes 2018 2019 Number of companies 1 Sludge generated 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Other production sectors 2,460 2,418 729 Other plants 335,645 358,285 358,820 352,743 330,064 338,484 Note: According to the Declaration on the Use and Pollution of Water (DUCA): sections B (05.02) and C, D and E of CCEA: if 7,000 m3/ Besòs plant 144,628 130,595 143,045 140,978 133,134 137,673 year are exceeded, if pollution exceeds the parameters indicated in the regulations, if non-discharged waters represent over 50% of Prat plant 55,146 52,720 50,757 52,881 52,216 58,684 the total consumption or if the establishment has its own treatment system, according to Decree 103/2000, of 6 March, amended by Total generated 535,419 541,599 552,623 546,602 515,414 536,860 Decree 47/2005, of 22 March. Source: Catalan Water Agency (ACA) 1 Fresh matter. Tonnes 1 Sludge treatment 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2.4 Degree of compliance with Directive 2006/7/EC: beaches Composting, Catalan Water Agency (ACA)1 42,278 37,360 40,603 39,722 40,817 40,595 Non-compliance Excellent Sufficient External composting 136,248 218,477 225,527 213,573 219,423 227,602 Compliant Good Insufficient Composting 178,526 255,837 266,130 253,295 260,239 268,197 Thermal drying 233,053 52,109 51,592 49,828 40,054 28,953 300 2 0 1 1 1 2 Other treatments 3,981 42,899 26,362 39,790 11,388 10,692 250 1 1 5 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Digestion without post-treatment 115,193 190,227 197,451 203,370 202,712 225,246 200 Digestion without post-treatment 530,753 541,073 541,535 546,283 514,394 533,088 150 1 Catalan Water Agency (ACA). 202 202 209 210 211 211 211 213 215 215 218 220 223 222 224 250 251 250 250 251 2 100 Composting of contaminated material, hazardous treatment, etc. Tonnes 50 Sludge eliminated by destination 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Agriculture and gardening 287,157 444,765 455,715 462,991 436,191 464,617 0 NUMBER OF BEACHES OF NUMBER Quarry restoration 171 - - - - - 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Controlled landfill 5,609 20,671 6,538 3,439 7,204 11,020 Energy recovery 41,322 8,010 7,964 7,370 7,585 5,491 1 According to European Directive 2006/7/EC, from 2008 the category of ‘sufficient’ is included, and the categories of ‘poor’ and Total sludge eliminated 334,259 473,466 470,216 473,799 450,981 481,128 ‘very poor’ are replaced by `insufficient´. Source: Catalan Water Agency (ACA). Source: Catalan Water Agency (ACA) Water 2. 8 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 9

3.1 Map of accumulated precipitation compared to the average. 3.3 Distribution of ICQA1 values, regarding air quality. Year 2019 Year 2019 Value maximum Value average Value minimum

150

100

50

0

-50

-100

-150

Vic Lleida Reus Manlleu Mataró Igualada ManresaMartorell Sabadell Terrassa Vila-seca BadalonaBarcelonaConstantíGranollers Tarragona Sant Celoni

Mollet del Vallès Montcada i ReixacSt. Adrià de BesòsSt. Cugat del Vallès Vilanova i la Geltrú St. Vicenç dels Horts St. Andreu de la Barca Vilafranca del Penedès L’Hospitalet de Llobregat Sta. Coloma de Gramenet

1 ICQA: Catalan Air Quality Index

Note: The ICQA is calculated using the following emission levels: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide

(SO2), ozone (O3) and suspended particles (PM10 and TSP). The result is a value by measuring station and day, representing different quality levels. Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service

0 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190

Source: Meteorological Service of Catalonia

3.2 Map of cumulative average temperature in Cº. Year 2019 3.4 Map of the Air Pollution Monitoring and Forecasting Network. Year 2019

Pirineu Occidental

Pirineu Oriental

Empordà Alt Llobregat Prepirineu Plana de Vic Counties of Girona

Catalunya Central Terres de Ponent Maresme Vallès - Baix Llobregat

Penedès - GarrafÀrea de Barcelona

Camp de Tarragona

Terres de l’Ebre Automatic stations APMFN Regional boundaries

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Source: Meteorological Service of Catalonia Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service 3. Atmospheric environment 3. Atmospheric 10 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 11

3.5 Annual NOx emissions in the atmospheric environment ZQA 1 and 2 3.7 Population exposed to different levels of NO2 in the atmospheric special protection zone. Year 2017 environment ZQA 1 and 2 special protection zone. Year 2016

Emissions (t/year)

<1 Emissions (μg/m3) 5 0-10 10 10-20 20 20-40 40 40-60 80 500 1,000 100 10,00030,000 >30,000 >100 Population (inhabitants/km2)

Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service

3.6 Annual PM10 emissions in the atmospheric environment ZQA 1 and 2 3.8 Population exposed to different levels of PM10 in the atmospheric special protection zone. Year 2017 environment ZQA 1 and 2 special protection zone. Year 2016

Emissions (t/year) <0,5 Emissions (μg/m3) 1 5 0-10 10-20 10 20-40 20 40-60 40 500 80 1,000 10,00030,000 >80 >30,000 Population (inhabitants/km2)

Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service 12 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 13

1 3.9 Compliance with current regulations for NO2, PM10 i O3 3.11 Location Map of automatic sensors in the Network of Atmospheric Emissions of Catalonia (NAEC). Year 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Percentage of compliance with current regulations on NO2 1 2 % of stations that comply with the ALV of NO2 in AQZ1 and AQZ2 60 80 83 93 94

% of stations that comply with the ALV of NO2 in the remaining zones (AQZ3 to AQZ15) 100 100 100 100 100 Percentage of compliance with current PM10 regulations % of XVPCA stations that exceed the annual PM10 LV3 2 0 0 0 0 % of XVPCA stations that exceed the daily PM10 LV 4 1 3 0 1

Number of hours in excess of threshold values, according to current regulations on O3

Number of hours in excess of the information threshold for O3 115 10 60 52 122

Number of days in excess of the information threshold for O3 28 5 13 16 18

1 Annual limit value. 2 Air quality zone. 3 Limit value. Note: PM10: Primary sub-10µm particulate matter

NO2: Nitrogen Dioxide

O3: Ozone Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service

3.10 Graphs of the number of hours and days in excess of the information

threshold for O3. Years 1991-2019

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 NUMBER OF HOURS OF NUMBER

19911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010 2011 20122013201420152016201720182019 Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service

60 NAEC 50 40 30 1 NAEC sensors allow continuous and real-time monitoring of pollutants emitted with a focus on the highest impact 20 on the atmosphere. Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service 10 0 NUMBER OF DAYS

19911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010 2011 20122013201420152016201720182019 Source: Air Monitoring and Surveillance Service 14 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 15

3.12 Status of municipalities, regarding acoustic capacity maps. Year 2019 3.13 Night light pollution, impact on the environment. Map of the quality of the night sky in Catalonia. Year 2019

Brightness of the sky in Catalonia Units in mag/arcsec2 Acoustic capacity map >=21.40 (excellent) 19.50-19.99 (moderate) Approved 21.00-21.39 (very good) 18.50-18.99 (low) Completed pending approval 20.50-20.99 (good) 18.00-18.49 (low) No map 20.00-20.49 (good) 17.50 -17.99 ( poor) 19.50-19.99 (moderate) <=17.50 (very poor)

Source: Light and Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Service Source: Light and Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Service 16 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 17

4.1 Indicators for common birds 4.3 Current situation of the Plan for Areas of Natural Interest (PEIN) and the Natura 2000 network Agricultural birds Catalonia (stable) Meadow and scrub birds Catalonia (14% decrease)

Forestry birds Catalonia (7% increase) Wetlands birds Catalonia (9% decrease) Catalonia (ha): 3,210,521.87 Situation as of 31.12.2019 120 Surface area1 115 Number Land Marine Percentage compared to 110 of areas Hectares Hectares the total size of Catalonia 4 105 Plan for areas of Natural Interest (PEIN) 184 1,024,576 85,637 31.91 100 Specially Protected Natural Areas (ENPE)2 104 317,625 5,421 9.89 95 National Park 1 13,900 - 0.43 90 Natural Park 14 261,651 5,421 8.15 85 Natural Site of National Interest 7 11.014 - 0,34 80 Integral Nature Reserve 6 1,824 21 0.06 Partial Nature Reserve 58 12,879 938 0.40 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Natural reserves of wildlife 13 2,187 - 0.07 Source: Monitoring Common Birds of Catalonia (MCBC) project, Catalan Ornithological Institute (COI). XNatura 2000 Network3 117 981,946 85,614 30.59 Special Areas of Conservation 115 958,580 85,614 29,86 4.2 Indicators for butterflies Special Areas of Protection for Birds 73 836,675 76,715 26.06

Scrub Meadows Generalist species Forestry Source: Natural Environment Planning Service. 1 Surfaces calculated from the cartographic base maps of PEIN, ENPE and N2000 network of the Department of Territory and 3.0 Sustainability. 2 2.5 The sum of all the ENPE has been calculated ensuring surfaces that present more than one ENPE are not duplicated. For this reason, the sum of the surfaces of National Park, Natural Park, PNIN, RNI, RNP and RNFS does not give the same value. 3 2.0 8 ecological typologies: the areas from Pyrenees, those from Pre-Pyrenees, agricultural plain, interior mountain, continental waters, coastal mountain, coastal wetlands and marine spaces. 1.5 4 Total land extracted from the municipal base map 1: 5,000 from Cartographic and geological institute of Catalonia (ICGC) (01/01/2019 version). 1.0 4.4 Plan for Areas of Natural Interest, Specially Protected Natural 0.5 Areas and Natura 2000 network. Year 2019 0

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 20022003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Source: Catalan Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (CBMS), Granollers Museum of Natural Sciences and the Ministry of Territory and Sustainability.

Areas included in the Plan for Areas for Natural Interest and the Natura 2000 network Special Protected Natural Areas Regional boundaries

Source: Natural Environment Planning Service 4. Biodiversity4. the and natural environment 18 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 19

4.5 Map of distribution of the 44,818 hectares with land 4.7 Number of fires and affected surface area stewardship agreements by counties. Year 2019 Non-wooded area Wooded area Number of fires

1,000 80,000

900 70,000

800 60,000 700

50,000 600

500 40,000 FIRES 400 30,000 HECTARES 300 20,000 200

10,000 100

0 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Surface area of land stewardship 2000 2001 2002 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2019 agreements by counties (ha) Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. 0 Forest Fire Prevention Service 1-1,000 1,001-2,000 4.8 Forest management of publicly owned forests 2,001-3,000

3,000-6,089 Number of publicly owned Publicly managed Year forests managed per year area per year (ha)

Source: Stewardship Agreements Network 2001 40 32,129.47 2002 44 40,864.54 2003 73 59,191.73 4.6 Map of distribution of the 699 land stewardship agreements. Year 2019 2004 146 106,413.29 2005 273 171,301.77 2006 305 184,773.16 2007 360 221,864.92 2008 418 268,152.26 2009 487 298,970.06 2010 517 316,256.93 2011 507 293,936.41 2012 579 316,943.69 2013 596 325,292.59 2014 594 319,626.77 2015 541 286,997.03 2016 542 287,36 0.14 2017 520 277,398.41 Number of land stewardship agreements by counties 2018 478 229,212.89 0 2019 449 209,679.18 1-13 Note: This data is not cumulative. Annual partials do not include existing management extensions 14-30 Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. Forestry Management Service. 31-54 Existing management 2019 449 209,679.18 55-83 Forests with PEFC certification* 73 41,503.45

Source: Stewardship Agreements Network * Programme for Endorsement of Forest Certification. Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. Forestry Management Service. 20 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 21

4.9 Publicly Owned Forest Management 4.11 Map of distribution of forest management on public estates. Year 2019

350,000 300,000 (ha) 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000

SURFACE AREA 0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. Forestry Management Service.

4.10 Total publicly owned forest surface area by region. Year 2019

Public area (ha) Managed public area (ha)

160,000 140,000 (ha) 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 Managed public forests 40,000 Regional boundaries 20,000 SURFACE AREA 0

Rest Segrià OsonaPriorat NogueraRipollès Montsià Alt Urgell CerdanyaBaix EbreBerguedàTerra Alta Solsonès Garrotxa Vall d’Aran Baix Camp Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. Forestry Management Service. Pallars Jussà Alt Empordà Pallars Sobirà Alta Ribagoça Ribera d’Ebre Baix EmpordàBaix Llobregat Conca de Barberà

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food. Directorate-General for Forests. Forestry Management Service.

4.12 Annual distribution of TFMIP1 and BFMP2 approved for 1991-2019

TFMIP BFMP

450 400 (ha) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 SURFACE AREA 0

199119921993199419951996 19971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20182019

1 Technical plans for forestry management and improvement. 2Basic Forest Management Plans. Source: Forest Ownership Centre 22 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 23

4.13 Forest management on private estates (Technical Forest Management 4.14 Map of location of forest management on private estates. Year 2019 and Improvement Plans (TFMIP), and Basic Forest Management Plans (BFMP)

TFMIP in Managed area (ha) Number of TFMIP Number of TFMIP Year effect with TFMIP in effect approved by year approved by year 2000 1,047 164,113.7 171 28,925.1 2001 1,308 205,511.2 273 43,324.9 2002 1,679 259,989.2 377 56,336.6 2003 2,033 309,023.6 364 50,201.5 2004 2,312 348,520.5 312 44,875.7 2005 2,550 379,111.5 308 37,701.0 2006 2,601 389,527.2 203 30,433.9 2007 2,733 405,641.0 242 34,058.5 2008 2,787 413,248.3 150 20,052.4 2009 2,833 419,339.7 207 28,293.3 2010 2,893 424,458.8 173 27,892.7 2011 2,884 424,327.0 148 23,067.0 2012 2,893 428,407.6 160 24,274.0 2013 2,974 444,896.0 285 43,412.0 2014 2,991 452,476.0 172 27,329.0 2015 2,984 446,205.0 167 20,155.0 2016 3,022 450,157.5 243 33,884.0 2017 3,107 455,923.3 229 32,251.0 Forestry management instruments 2018 3,070 450,653.0 253 39,015.0 Regional boundaries 2019 3,080 447,545.0 286 34,568.0 BFMP in Area managed (ha) with Number of BFMP Area managed (ha) with Year effect BFMP in effect approved per year BFMP per year 2004 18 255 18 255 2005 113 1,322 95 1067 Source: Forest Ownership Centre 2006 180 2,062 67 740 2007 199 2,324 19 262 2008 218 2,567 19 243 2009 231 2,762 14 219 2010 260 3,154 29 393 2011 290 3,452 31 320 2012 331 3,941 41 496 2013 395 4,743 64 802 2014 450 5,529 56 796 2015 489 6,074 46 640 2016 498 6,313 53 685 2017 511 6,579 51 683 2018 536 6,840 45 568 2019 582 7,435 60 766 TOTAL TFMIP 3,662 454,980 346 35,334 and BFMP 2019

Note: The data is not cumulative; it shows annual totals. Source: Forest Ownership Centre 24 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 25

5.1 Total Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in Catalonia from 1990 to 20181. 5.5 Distribution of GHG emissions by sector, assigned and validated in 2019

Thousands of tonnes of CO2 equivalents. Tonnes CO eq Sectors 1990 2000 2010 2013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2 Type of activity Number of Emissions Rights Balance Energy processing2 26,186 34,661 34,997 32,631 29,318 30,520 31,516 31,631 by Law 1/2005 facilities reported [E] assigned [A] [A-E] Industrial processes (non-energy) 7,077 13,501 7,76 3 3,589 6,100 6,201 6,117 5,940 Electricity generation sector 7 3,523,929 23,929 -3,500,000 Agriculture 3,719 4,645 3,701 4,107 3,998 4,049 4,031 4,094 1a, Electrical energy 7 3,523,929 23,929 -3,500,000 Waste processing and disposal 1,878 2,437 2,676 2,586 2,595 2,550 2,343 2,291 Combustion sector 61 2,321,023 826,150 -1,494,873 Total 38,860 55,245 49,137 42,912 42,012 43,320 44,008 43,956 1b, Cogeneration 34 1,883,466 407,954 -1,475,512 1c, Other combustion facilities 27 437,557 418,196 -19,361 Percentage compared to 1990 0% 42% 27% 12% 9% 12% 14% 14% Industrial sector 54 9,274,800 8,215,155 -1,059,645 1 Emissions for 1990 CO , CH i N O and emissions for 1995 HFCs, PFCs i SF . 2, Refineries 2 2,223,102 1,575,391 -647,711 2 4 2 6 2 Emissions from the transport sector include: civil aviation (domestic), road transport, rail transport, maritime (national) and others 5, Cast iron/steel 1 199,395 236,893 37,498 (other mobile sources and machinery). 6, Ferrous metals 1 16,176 28,061 11,885 Source: Catalan Office for Climate Change 9, Non-ferrous metals 1 43,504 21,243 -22,261 5.2 Trend of total GHG emissions in Catalonia 10, Cement 5 3,082,637 3,305,297 222,660 11, Lime 4 268,354 271,491 3,137

ktCO2 equivalent Percentage compared to 1990 12, Glass 5 245,909 192,874 -53,035 13, Ceramics 9 67,141 74,720 7,579

60,000 50% 15, Chalk 1 25,741 10,513 -15,228 50,000 40% 16, Paper pulp 3 200,805 62,559 -138,246 40,000 30% 17, Paper and cardboard 13 251,046 234,040 -17,006 19, Nitric acid 1 24,543 7,472 -17,071 30,000 20% 23, Unprocessed organic materials 7 2,218,975 1,855,681 -363,294

EQUIVALENTS 20,000 10% 24, Hydrogen and syngas 1 407,472 338,920 -68,552 2 10,000 0% TOTAL 122 15,119,752 9,065,234 -6,054,518 OF CO 0 -10% % COMPARED TO 1990 Source: Catalan Office for Climate Change THOUSANDS OF TONNES 1990 2000 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018

Source: Catalan Office for Climate Change 5.6 Evolution of emissions, designation processing and number of facilities. 2005-2019

2 20 300 5.3 Voluntary Agreement Programme for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Year 2019 15 250 Total number of compliant organizations 177 Total measures for the reduction of emissions of GHG planned (accumulated 2010-2019) 2,237 10 200 Total measures for the reduction of emissions of GHG implemented (accumulated 2010-2019) 1,550

5 150 NUMBER OF FACILITIES NUMBER OF 5.4 Distribution of the GHG emission reduction measures implemented up to 2019 0 100 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 MILLIONS OF TONNES OF CO

Awareness-raising Reduction of direct 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 measures emissions: consumption Emissions 20,061,830 16,097,565 14,089,471 14,058,184 14,930,210 14,507,490 15,119,752 of fossil fuels from Designation processing 19,295,520 18,968,952 9,905,922 9,776,438 9,579,000 9,370,507 9,065,234 16% 21% installations and vehicles Reduction of other No. of facilities 144 178 126 124 124 121 122 emission sources: 11% waste management, Source: Catalan Office for Climate Change water consumption

52% Reduction of emissions from electricity Climate change 5. 26 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 27

6.1 Number of companies, products and services awarded with distinction 6.3 The European Union Ecolabel in voluntary environmental protection systems 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Companies with Catalan Ecological Certificate 49 84 80 86 67 36 Number of companies with awards 1,203 877 837 680 882 933 Catalan Ecological Certificate Number of products or services with awards 243 199 204 209 218 233 Companies with Catalan Ecological Certificate

100 Total number of companies awarded. 2000-2019 75 84 86 300 246 242 75 79 80 235 233 233 50 71 67 218 61 250 199 199 204 209 51 49 180 196 177 182 25 36 200 153 31 112 0 150 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 74 100 44 Source: Environmental Certification Service 16 24 50

0 6.4 Number of low emission vehicles in Catalonia

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source: Environmental Certification Service Hybrid vehicles 23,882 35,165 45,926 57,344 Electric vehicles 6,188 9,252 13,573 17,622 Natural gas vehicles NGV 2,088 3,021 3,284 4,473 6.2 The evolution of the EMAS* register Liquefied petroleum gas LPG 1,487 2,122 5,800 9,490 Total 33,645 49,560 68,583 88,929 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 NGV: Natural Gas Vehicle LPG: Liquified Petroleum Gas Number of organizations 255 275 255 234 232 235 Source: Cerdà Institute from the data of the Traffic Directorate General

Evolution of the EMAS register by organizations. 2000-2019 6.5 Recharging points for electric vehicles (EV), compressed natural gas (CNG) 350 and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

300 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 295 295 250 289 285 275 Number of plugs in Catalonia 330 1,057 1,202 1,334 1,334 1,702 249 255 255 200 232 234 232 235 NGV recharging points in Catalonia - 13 11 11 11 11 206 150 180 LPG recharging points in Catalonia - 91 95 96 96 98 155 Source: Catalan Energy Institute 135 100 116 101 50 84 45 0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

* Eco-Management and Audit Scheme. Source: Environmental Certification Service 6. Sustainable6. production consumption and 28 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 29

7.1 Number of infrastructure project environmental impact assessments1 7.3 Resolutions of environmental reports and strategic environmental statements

Number of environmental impact statements issued (EIS). Ordinary assessment2 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Actions 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Partial territorial plans and territorial master plans 0 0 0 0 0 Ports 0 1 1 0 0 Urban master plans 3 3 1 1 0 Linear infrastructure 0 3 3 4 2 Municipal urban development plans (POUM) 33 7 11 11 9 Reservoirs and water infrastructures 0 0 2 0 1 Changes to general urban development planning 28 12 16 18 19 Changes in land use 1 3 2 1 0 Derived urban development planning 10 13 3 8 10 Impact on areas of natural interest (PEIN) 1 4 2 4 3 Mobility plans 7 3 8 8 3 Total 2 11 10 10 6 Plans and programmes from other sectors 1 5 2 0 3 3 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Number of environmental impact reports (EIR) issued. Simplified assessment Total 82 43 41 46 44 Ordinary impact assessment required 6 2 11 14 2 Source: Subdirectorate-General for Intervention and Environmental Qualification. Plans and Programmes Service Ordinary impact assessment not required 43 61 71 100 100 Others 1 - - - - Total 50 63 82 114 102 7.4 Resolutions of previous decisions and strategic environmental reports

1 According to the date of approval by the Environmental Panel (Ponència Ambiental). 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2 The ordinary environmental impact assessment is applied to the projects in Annex I (and other cases set out in the articles) of Law 21/2013, of 9 December, on environmental assessment, in addition to other cases established in the sectorial regulations. The Total 72 109 114 144 148 environmental impact statement assesses the integration of environmental aspects of the project and determines the conditions under which the project must be developed. In case of favourable EIS, additional mitigation measures may be established in addition to Source: Subdirectorate-General for Intervention and Environmental Qualification. Plans and Programmes Service those prepared within the environmental impact study. 3 The simplified environmental impact assessment applies to the projects in Annex II (and other cases set out in the articles) of Law 21/2013, of 9 December. 7.5 Reference documents and strategic environmental studies The EIR determines whether or not the project must be submitted to the ordinary assessment procedure, in accordance with the criteria in Annex III of Law 21/2013, of 9 December. 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 In cases where the EIR determines that an ordinary assessment is not necessary, additional mitigation measures may be established in the prepared environmental document. Partial territorial plans and territorial master plans 0 0 0 0 0 Source: Subdirectorate-General for Intervention and Environmental Qualification. Projects Service. Projects Service Urban master plans 4 2 2 1 6 Municipal urban development plans (POUM) 12 11 11 7 11 Changes to general urban development planning 33 32 29 30 35 7.2 Number of impact assessment statements of industrial activities issued* Derived urban development planning 22 10 27 22 26 Type of activity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Mobility plans 8 7 1 4 3 Chemical/textile/paper 3 5 9 4 2 Plans and programmes from other sectors 1 0 4 1 3 Energy 0 1 0 0 0 Total 80 62 74 65 84 Steel 0 1 1 2 1 Source: Subdirectorate-General for Intervention and Environmental Qualification. Plans and Programmes Service Waste 9 3 4 5 7 Food 4 6 2 1 2 Livestock 79 88 74 81 43 Mining 17 8 8 10 9 Others 7 2 7 2 2 Total 119 114 105 105 66

Reports on the environmental impact of industrial activities 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Ordinary impact assessment required 5 7 4 4 3 Ordinary impact assessment not required 41 51 29 21 28 Total 46 58 33 25 31

* According to Law 20/2009, of December 4, on prevention and environmental control of activities, these activities are subject to environmental impact assessments, in line with current regulations, and therefore to the corresponding Environmental impact statement or Environmental impact report, for which they must submit to the Ordinary or Simplified Environmental Impact Assessment procedure. Source: Subdirectorate-General for Intervention and Environmental Qualification. Prevention Service and Environmental Assessment Activity 7. Environmental assessment Environmental 7. 30 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 31

7.6 Air emissions included in the European Pollutant Release 7.9 Territorial distribution of inspection activities for establishments subject to environmental and Transfer Register of Catalonia (PRTR-CAT). Year 2019 authorization and for establishments performing mining activities. Year 2019

Emissions to air in tonnes / year Sector Number of establishments Greenhouse gases Other Particles Heavy Organic chlorinated Others subst. 1 2 with emissions to the air (in CO2 eq) gases PM10 metals substances organics Combustion 18 6,581,165 14,021 46 1.2 0 0.2

Mineral 52 4,012,081 19,165 312 1.3 0 4.4 Region of Lleida Region of Girona Chemical 133 3,299,964 6,747 12 0.2 37.3 1.1 237 environmental authorization inspections 79 environmental authorization inspections Waste management and 153 Mining inspections sewage treatment plant 147 1,258,721 2,952 12 0.3 2 0 90 Mining inspections

Metal 68 483,943 3,664 43 1.3 0 0.19 Region of Barcelona 261 environmental authorization inspections Livestock and food production 911 1,602,290 13,254 28 0.3 0 0 112 Mining inspections Others 36 560,563 1,949 13 0 0 0 Total 1,365 17,798,726 61,752 466 4.5 39 5.9 Number of inspections Region of Tarragona distributed by territorial regions. Total number of establishments included in PRTR-CAT Register in 2019 campaign: 1,507 (57% farms, 31% industrial, 12% waste managers). 60 environmental authorization inspections Lleida 1 Other gases: mainly CO, NOx, SOx, COVNM, NH3. 24 Mining inspections Barcelona 2 Others subst. Organic: Benzene, Naphthalene, Ethylene Oxide, HAP Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities. Region of Terres de l’Ebre Girona 31 environmental authorization inspections Tarragona 71 Mining inspections Terres de l’Ebre 7.7 Emissions into water included in the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register of Catalonia (PRTR-CAT). Year 2019 Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities. Emissions into water tonnes/year Sector Number of establishments Inorganic Heavy Organic chlorinated Pesticides Others subst. with emissions into water substance1 metals substances organic2 7.10 Open cast mining activities according to their state of restoration. Year 2019 Combustion 12 33,226 1.8 1.5 0 328

Mineral 28 92 0.1 0.01 0 5 Expedients

Chemical 111 46,654 6.3 29 0.003 1,239 State of restoration Name % Hectares % Mining activities reported and / or authorized that do not appear to have commenced 125 5% 961 6% Waste management and 96 282,692 43.8 81 2.22 11,307 sewage treatment plant Mining activities in operation and with restoration not initiated. 567 24% 5,353 36% Metal 65 1,051 1.8 0.2 0 39 Mining activities in operation with integrated restoration 242 10% 3,715 25%

Livestock and food production 93 7,306 0.1 0 0 573 Restored open cast mining within guarantee period 175 7% 902 6%

Others 35 1,826 0.2 1.1 0 251 Mining activities restored with a refunded deposit 883 37% 4,042 27% 1 Total 440 372,847 54 113 2.2 13,742 Arid extractions* in HPD 381 16% Total 2,373 14,972 1 Organic substances: N, P, chlorides, fluorides, cyanides. 2 Mainly COT and others (HAP, phenols, etc.). 1 HPD: Hydraulic Public Domain Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities. * The surface is not taken into account, as there is no restoration works regarding riverbed extraction. Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities

7.8 Inspections of establishments subject to environmental authorization Restored accumulated surface Accumulated surface 5.038,11 ha and establishments performing mining activities. Year 2019 5.000 Integrated environmental inspection of establishments with environmental authorization Inspection of the Restoration Programme 4.500 4.000 Year Industrial Waste management and Livestock Trackixng of the Final for guarantees, charges activity controlled deposits farming Total restoration and evaluations Total 3.500 3.000 2014 231 62 249 542 337 81 418 2.500 2015 222 72 301 595 353 74 427 2.000 2016 234 67 310 611 444 52 496 1.500 1.000 2017 225 85 321 631 346 63 409 500 2018 216 85 331 632 445 75 520 0

2019 223 108 337 668 393 57 450 1986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019 Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities. Source: Service for Environmental Information, Inspection and Control of Activities 32 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 33

8.1 Final destination of municipal waste 8.3 Diagram of destination for municipal waste. Year 2019

Municipal waste generation 2019 4,037,309 tonnes Organic fraction Generation coefficient (kg/inh/year) 2019 524.16 432,943 tonnes

Population Production of municipal waste (tonnes). Waste produced (kg/inahb. x year) Paper and cardboard 5.00 8,000,000 405,667 tonnes

7,000,000 Glass 3.75 6,000,000 44.8% 37% 203,329 tonnes SELECTIVELY 5,000,000 RECYCLING COLLECTED 1,512,476 tonnes YEAR 2.50 4,000,000 WASTE Light packaging 1,807,619 tonnes 165,678 tonnes

3,000,000 TONNES

kg/inh. x 1.25 2,000,000 Other fractions 599,998 tonnes 1,000,000 36% CONTROLLED 0 0 LANDFILL 1,439.800 tonnes 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 4,037,309 tonnes MUNICIPAL WASTE MUNICIPAL

Note: Municipal comprises waste from domestic activities, shops, offices or services whose nature or composition Controlled landfill is similar to that of domestic waste. We have used the official population data for each year, published by Idescat. 521,231 tonnes Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia

M.B.T 55.2% 19% 8.2 Selective collection 1,534,938 tonnes REMAINING WASTE ENERGY FRACTION RECOVERY Tonnes Tonnes % Total Variation % 2,229,691 tonnes Energy recovery 761,640 tonnes Residue collection 2019 collection 2018 compared to MV1 compared to 2018 173,862 tonnes Home or community composting 7,021 6,806 0.18 3.16 * Organic fraction 432,947 408,126 9.85 6.08

Gardening 96,956 103,382 2.53 -6.22 * There is an 8% loss of mass due to organic matter decomposition processes. Sankey diagram. This diagram graphically demonstrates by means of flow charts (wider as the amount of waste increases) the final Paper and cardboard 250,375 224,489 7.70 11.53 destination (Recycling, controlled deposition or energy recovery) of the different fractions of municipal waste selectively collected Glass 176,716 166,802 4.71 5.94 (Self-composting, vegetable fraction, paper and cardboard, glass, REEE, scrap, vegetable oils, textile, REPQ, FORM, light, bulky and wood packaging, rubble and others) and not selectively collected. Light packaging (plastics) 158,513 143,173 3.79 10.71 Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia Bulky and wood 268,589 248,979 5.89 7.88 RAEES2 32,206 44,822 1.04 -28.15 Scrap metal 11,429 10,620 0.25 7.62 Vegetable oils 1,371 1,232 0.03 11.28 Textile 13,376 10,641 0.25 25.70 Rubble 126,945 121,970 3.04 4.08 REPQ3 2,711 2,749 0.07 -1.38 Other selective waste collection 28,607 25,347 0.60 12.86 Total gross selective collection 1,607,762 1,519,138 39.93 5.83

1 Municipal waste. 2 Register of Electronic and Electrical Equipment. 3 Small quantities of hazardous waste (produced by workshops and small-scale industries). Official population data for 2010, published by Idescat. Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia 8. Waste 34 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 35

8.4 Evolution of GDP and generation of municipal waste 8.6 Industrial waste declaration by industrial activity (CCAE), according to the 2018 declaration GDP (millions €) Evolution of municipal waste generation (tn) Tonnes 6 300,000 Type of treatment Hazardous Non-hazardous Total %

5 250,000 Agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishing 90 6,338 6,428 0.17 Mining industries 686 17,575 18,261 0.48 4 200,000 €

tn Food, drink and tobacco industries 19,595 891,885 911,480 23.97 Textile, footwear and leather 2,055 70,333 72,388 1.90 3 150,000 Wood and cork industry(except furniture); rattan weaving 947 28,532 29,479 0.78 2 100,000 Paper industry, publishing, graphic arts and print reproduction 10,879 372,494 383,373 10.08 MILLIONS MILLIONS Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum 5,794 4,831 10,625 0.28 1 50,000 Chemical industries, pharmaceutical products, rubber and 304,782 365,290 670,072 17.62 plastic products 0 0 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 1,306 182,457 183,763 4.83

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Metallurgy; manufacture of basic iron, steel, ferroalloy and 76,174 722,848 799,022 21.01 other metal products Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia Manufacture of machinery, computer, electrical, electronic 17,159 357,456 374,615 9.85 and transport equipment Manufacture of furniture, other manufacturing industries; 7,964 43,416 51,380 1.35 8.5 Carbon footprint of municipal waste in Catalonia. Treatment and transportation Repair and installation Distribution of electrical energy, gas, steam and air 4,801 25,269 30,070 0.79 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 conditioning

t CO 2 eq/year Wastewater treatment plants and decontamination services 2,363 76,779 79,142 2.08 Waste collection, treatment and disposal services; Total emissions generated 1,440,861 1,561,571 1,604,538 1,692,241 1,717,449 1,714,297 1,745 36,612 38,357 1.01 recovery services Total emissions avoided -730,369 -687,676 -756,492 -829,862 -902,643 959,965 Construction 3,954 11,787 15,741 0.41 Total carbon footprint 710,492 873,895 848,046 862,378 814,806 754,331 Services (except wholesale scrap and waste products) 22,471 106,036 128,507 3.38

kg CO2 eq/inhabitant/any Wholesale scrap and waste products 14 250 264 0.01 Emissions generated per inhabitant 191 194 214 225 227 226 Total 482,779 3,320,188 3,802,967 100 Emissions reduced per inhabitant -97 -91 -101 -110 -119 -126 Carbon footprint per inhabitant 94 103 113 115 108 99 Note: Data may vary slightly due to the use of rounded-up decimals in calculations. Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia

kg CO2 eq/tonne/year Emissions generated per inhabitant 401 428 433 454 446 431 Emissions reduced per inhabitant -204 -188 -204 -223 -235 -241 8.7 Declared types of industrial waste treatment in 2018 Carbon footprint per inhabitant 197 239 229 231 212 190 Type of treatment Hazardous Non-hazardous Total %

CO2 eq: This is a universal measure to describe how much global warming each greenhouse gas may cause. It is used to assess the environmental impacts of the emission (or to prevent the emission) of various greenhouse gases. Energy recovery 8,872 13,828 22,700 0.60 Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia Recovery at source 55,104 83,051 138,155 3.63 External recovery 169,247 2,465,271 2,634,518 69.28 By-products 5,628 145,525 151,153 3.97 Storage 875 5,983 6,858 0.18 Physicochemical-and biological purification 131,651 91,581 223,232 5.87 Controlled disposal 77,008 503,204 580,212 15.26 Incineration 34,212 3,402 37,614 0.99 Others 182 8,341 8,523 0.22 Total 482,779 3,320,186 3,802,965 100

Note: Data may vary slightly due to the use of rounded-up decimals in calculations. Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia.

36 Catalonia 2020 | Environmental data 37

8.8 Facilities in operation and under construction for the management 8.10 Facilities in operation and on trial for the management of industrial of municipal waste in Catalonia. 2018 waste in Catalonia. 2018

Type of facility In operation Under construction At source trial External trial Recovery Biological treatment of OFMSW (27) External management Type of facility Management at source management management Mechanic-biological treatment of non-segregated fraction (12) Recovery Agricultural use (2) (18) Sorting (3) Composting (2) (52) (3) Sorting of light packaging (12) Anaerobic digestion (14) Disposal Incinerators (4) Waste recovery centre (1) (767) (26) Controlled landfills (23) Energy recovery centre (8) Transfer (28) (1) Disposal Controlled landfill (11) (20) Waste collection points (318) Incinerators (9) (11) (1) Mini waste collection points (77) (3) Treatment Physicochemical (1) (6) (1) Mobile waste collection points (82) Waste treatment (14) Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia (n) Number of facilities Waste treatment centres () Waste collection and transfer centres (72) (7) Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia (n) Number of authorised facilities

8.9 Generation of municipal waste by region. Year 2018 8.11 Industrial waste declared by region. Year 2018

Declared industrial waste (tonnes/year) Generation of municipal waste (tonnes/year) Less than 2,000 t/year Less than 5,000 t/year Over 2,000 to 20,000 t/year Over 5,000 to 15,000 t/year Over 20,000 to 40,000 t/yea Over 15,000 to 50,000 t/yea Over 40,000 to 100,000 t/year Over 50,000 to 100,000 t/year Over 100,000 to 300,000 t/year Over 100,000 to 200,000 t/year Over 300,000 t/year Over 200,000 t/year

Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia (ARC) Source: Waste Agency of Catalonia (ARC)

territori.gencat.cat mediambient.gencat.cat