Unification Theology and Christian Thought
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Unification Theology and Christian Thought YOUNG OON KIM (1914-89) REVISED EDITION 1976 All rights reserved. Except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, no part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. First Edition 1975, Revised Edition 1976 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog Number 74-32590 The Scriptural quotations in this book are from the Revised Standard Version of the Holy Bible copyrighted 1946 and 1952 by the Division of Christian Education, National Council of Churches, and used by permission. About the Author, Dr. Young Oon Kim Dr. Young Oon Kim was born in 1915 on Hwang-Hae Island in Korea. After she graduated in Theology from Kanzai University in Japan she became professor of Christology at Ewha Woman's University in Seoul. In 1948 she received a Master's degree in Theology from Emanuel College, Toronto University and in December of the same year an Honorary Doctor's degree in Humanism from Richard College. From 1975 on she taught Systematic Theology at the Graduate School of the Unification Theological Seminary in Barrytown, New York. Some of her most important publications are.. Unification Theology and Christian Thought, Divine Principle and its Application, World Religions Volume I, II, and III, Unification Theology, An Introduction to Theology, and The Types of Modern Theology. http://www.tparents.org/Library/Unification/Books/UtaCt/0-Toc.htm Reformatted by „feliksch“ 1 CONTENTS PREFACE 5 1. THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATION 6 POLARITY: CREATOR AND CREATION 6 GIVE AND TAKE 11 PURPOSE OF CREATION 14 A. Traditional Viewpoints 14 B. Divine Principle View 15 GROWTH AND DOMINION 20 A. The Biblical Creation Story 20 B. Three Stages of Growth 20 C. Direct and Indirect Dominion 21 SPIRIT WORLD 22 A. Parapsychological Evidence 22 B. Visible and Invisible Substantial Worlds 24 C. Correlation Between the Spirit-Man and the Physical Body 25 HEART OF GOD 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY (Ch.1) 29 2. THE FALL OF MAN 30 THE UNIVERSALITY OF SIN 30 THE NATURE OF SIN 31 THE IDENTITY OF THE SERPENT 34 ANGELOLOGY 37 THE SPIRITUAL FALL 39 THE PHYSICAL FALL 41 THE TREE OF LIFE AND THE TREE OF KNOWLEDGE 42 THE EFFECTS OF THE FALL 43 COULD GOD HAVE PREVENTED THE FALL? 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY (Ch.2) 48 CONTENTS 2 3. THE MISSION OF JESUS 49 HIS LIFE: REPRESENTATIVE VIEWS 49 A. Albert Schweitzer 50 B. Wilhelm Bousset 51 C. Joseph Klausner 52 D. Morton Scott Enslin 55 E. T.W. Manson 57 THE KINGDOM OF GOD 59 THE ZEALOT PROBLEM 60 THEOLOGIA CRUCIS? 63 THE MESSIANIC MISSION 65 ELIJAH REVIVIDUS 66 CONCLUSION 72 BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch. 3 74 4. CHRISTOLOGY 75 THE HUMANITY OF JESUS 76 THE VIRGIN BIRTH 78 THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS 80 LOGOS AND SOPHIA 83 THE TRINITY 84 THE ATONEMENT RECONSIDERED 87 CHRISTOLOGY: A NEW BEGINNING 89 BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch.4 90 5. PREDESTINATION ARMINIUS AND THE REMONSTRANTS VARIOUS MODERN OPINIONS DIVINE PROMISE AND HUMAN DESTINY THE LAW OF RESTITUTION BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch.5 CONTENTS 3 6. ETHICS AND VALUE STANDARD OF VALUE GOOD AND EVIL AGAPE AND EROS THE ETHICS OF BEAUTY SOME PERPLEXITIES OF SOCIAL ETHICS THE FAMILY THE TRIBUNAL OF CONSCIENCE COMMUNISM AND CHRISTIAN ETHICS BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch. 6 7. HISTORY OF RESTORATION: THE OLD TESTAMENT AGE THE FOUNDATION OF RESTORATION A. Adam's Family B. Cain and Abel C. Noah's Family D. Abraham E. Abraham's Covenant with Yahweh F. Isaac G. Jacob and Esau HISTORY OF RESTORATION A. Moses B. Joshua C. Judges D. The United Monarchy E. The Divided Kingdoms F. Babylonian Exile G. Preparation for the Messiah BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch. 7 CONTENTS 4 8. HISTORY OF RESTORATION: THE NEW TESTAMENT AGE CHRISTIANS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE AGE OF THE PATRIARCHS UNITED CHRISTIAN EMPIRE DIVIDED CHRISTENDOM PAPAL EXILE AND THE RENAISSANCE PREPARATION FOR THE SECOND ADVENT A. The Protestant Reformation B. Two Currents in Modern History C. Industrial Revolution D. Democracy and Imperialism E. Missionary Movement BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch 8 9. CONSUMMATION OF HUMAN HISTORY RENAISSANCE OF APOCALYPTICISM A. Nicholai Berdyaev B. Reinhold Niebuhr C. Jurgen Moltmann D Carl E Braaten THE UNIFICATION PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY THE FINAL JUDGMENT ONE WORLD BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch. 9 10. THE SECOND ADVENT NON-APOCALYPTIC VIEWS OF THE COMING CHRIST CONTEMPORARY APOCALYPTICISM ORTHODOX DOUBTS AND LIBERAL DENIALS RESURRECTION ANTICHRIST THE SPIRITUAL APOCALYPSE BIBLIOGRAPHY Ch. 10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTENTS 5 PREFACE COMMUNICATION SEEMS to be of prime importance in today's life. Despite highly advanced information systems and global interchange, there is a serious lack of communication between husband and wife, between generations and among groups and nations. Certainly it appears to be a major barrier between the Unification Church and other denominations of the world Christian community. In writing this book I did not intend to present a confession of faith of the Unification Church. My attempt was rather to interpret and explicate Divine Principle or Unification theology from a historical theological viewpoint. Certain expressions in the Divine Principle, the teaching of Reverend Sun Myung Moon, I have found to be convincing and enormously helpful in clarifying my theological questions. Therefore I felt obliged to bridge the Unification Principle and historical Christian thought for the sake of communication. It is my hope and prayer that this small book will broaden and deepen the thinking and understanding of the members of the Unification Church as well as various Christian denominations. Thus dialogue between them will begin. I want to express my deep gratitude for the diligent research efforts of Reverend Royal Davis and the associate editing of Mr. John Dolen which helped bring this book more quickly to the public. Washington, March 1976 D.C. Young Oon Kim CONTENTS 6 1. THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATION EVERY GENERATION asks the same vital questions about God, man and his destiny but each puts them in some special form. When in 1966 the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church in the Netherlands issued a new and very unusual type of catechism for the laity, among the questions they raised were: "What is the point of this world?", "How did our life begin?", "Is it an accident that things strive upward through such new and wonderful phases - existence, life, feeling, thought?". "Are we then to believe that human history, past, present and future, the whole evolution of the universe, with its pain and anxiety, its loves and joys, and its final end, is a meaningless jest?''. "How can we harmonize all the sickness, disappointments and cruelty of this world with an infinitely good origin?". 1 Similar questions have been raised and pondered through the centuries. The prophets and priests of the Hebrew Bible wrestled with them. So have Christian theologians and philosophers of religion. Earlier, Greeks from Socrates to Plato to Plotinus considered these questions. Nor were they overlooked by Hindu saints and Moslem sages. Even today these same questions are still being asked by Christians and non-Christians, theists and humanists, dogmatists and doubters. Regardless of one's particular religious faith or lack of it, every individual sooner or later asks himself certain fundamental questions about human nature and destiny. Theology itself is merely the systematic and constructive consideration of these basic queries. A man must find his place in the society of which he is a member. He must relate himself in a positive fashion to the wider universe surrounding him. In short, he must come to terms with God. According to Professor Emil Brunner of Zurich, "The first word of the Bible is the word about the Creator and creation. But that is not simply the first word with which one begins in order to pass on to greater, more important matters. It is the primeval word, the fundamental word supporting everything else. Take it away and everything collapses. Indeed if one rightly understands that which the Bible means by the Creator, he has rightly understood the whole Bible. Everything else is involved in this one word." 2 POLARITY: CREATOR AND CREATION An in-depth study of the meaning of creation would suggest answers to the basic questions regarding the Creator posed by the ancient and modern religions. By understanding the relationship of Creator and creature in its many ramifications, one can discover not only the reality and power of God, but also the nature and destiny of man, the value and purpose of the universe, the significance of human history, and the reasons for our hope of eternal life. Creation relates the human to the divine. It connects human and cosmic purpose. It brings into clear focus the personal and the transpersonal, joining together the reasons why man acts and aspires as well as the inner causes behind the varied phenomena of nature. The Hebrew Bible (the foundation for Jewish, Christian and Islamic religion) opens with the verse, 1 A New Catechism, Herder and Herder, N.Y., 1967, pp. 4, 9, 11, 12, 17. 2 Emil Brunner, Our Faith, Charles Scribner's Sons, N.Y.,1936, pp. 4, 5. CONTENTS 7 "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." In the Apostles' Creed, the first article is "I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth." In this Hebraic- Christian tradition, God is the ever-active Creator, an infinite and invisible Spirit who fashioned the universe in the light of His perfect reason and holy will. Wherever one looks, he beholds the handiwork of God. Whether we read the creation story in Genesis, the nature hymns in the Psalms or the majestic poetry of the theophany in Job, we are taught that behind and throughout everything visible man can sense the presence of a divine reality.