Young Oon Kim
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(jfra^lMogy & CMoTM YOUNG OON KIM REVISED EDITION 4 West 43rd Street New York, New York, 10036 First Edition 1975 Revised Edition 1976 Artwork and design by Gil Roschuni Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog Number 74-32590 The Scriptural quotations in this book are from the Revised Standard Version of the Holy Bible copyrighted 1946 and 1952 by the Division of Christian Education, National Council of Churches, and used by permission. If the subject matter in this book interests you, correspondence is welcomed by the author, and may be addressed through: Golden Gate Publishing Co. 4 West 43rd Street New York, New York 10036 PREFACE / xi THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATION /1 POLARITY: CREATOR AND CREATION / 2 GIVE AND TAKE / 11 PURPOSE OF CREATION / 15 A. Traditional Viewpoints / 15 B. Divine Principle View / 19 GROWTH AND DOMINION / 25 A. The Biblical Creation Story / 25 B. Three Stages of Growth / 26 C. Direct and Indirect Dominion / 27 SPIRIT WORLD / 29 A. Parapsychological Evidence / 29 B. Visible and Invisible Substantial Worlds / 32 C. Correlation Between the Spirit-Man and the Physical Body I 34 HEART OF GOD / 36 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 41 v VIII / CONTENTS I THE FALL OF MAN / 43 THE UNIVERSALITY OF SIN / 44 I THE NATURE OF SIN / 46 THE IDENTITY OF THE SERPENT / 50 ANGELOLOGY / 55 THE SPIRITUAL FALL / 59 THE PHYSICAL FALL / 63 THE TREE OF LIFE AND THE TREE OF KNOWLEDGE / 64 THE EFFECTS OF THE FALL / 65 COULD GOD HAVE PREVENTED THE FALL? / 68 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 72 | THE MISSION OF JESUS / 73 | HIS LIFE: REPRESENTATIVE VIEWS / 76 A. Albert Schweitzer / 76 B. Wilhelm Bousset / 78 C. Joseph Klausner / 80 D. Morton Scott Enslin / 84 E. T.W. Manson / 88 KINGDOM OF GOD / 91 THE ZEALOT PROBLEM / 93 THEOLOGIA CRUCIS? / 98 THE MESSIANIC MISSION / 101 ELIJAH REVIVIDUS / 104 CONCLUSION / 115 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 120 /"I CHRISTOLOGY / 121 ([ LTHE HUMANITY OF JESUS / 123 nJTHE VIRGIN BIRTH / 127 THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS / 131 LOGOS AND SOPHIA / 135 THE TRINITY / 138 THE ATONEMENT RECONSIDERED / 143 CHRISTOLOGY: A NEW BEGINNING / 146 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 148 CONTENTS / VII PREDESTINATION /149 ARMINIUS AND THE REMONSTRANTS / 154 VARIOUS MODERN OPINIONS / 156 DIVINE PROMISE AND HUMAN DESTINY / 161 THE LAW OF RESTITUTION / 163 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 169 ETHICS AND VALUE / 171 STANDARD OF VALUE / 171 GOOD AND EVIL / 173 AGAPE AND EROS / 177 THE ETHICS OF BEAUTY / 179 SOME PERPLEXITIES OF SOCIAL ETHICS / 182 THE FAMILY / 185 THE TRIBUNAL OF CONSCIENCE / 189 COMMUNISM AND CHRISTIAN ETHICS / 191 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 196 HISTORY OF RESTORATION: THE OLD TESTAMENT AGE / 197 THE FOUNDATION OF RESTORATION / 197 A. Adam's Family / 198 B. Cain and Abel / 200 C. Noah's Family / 202 D. Abraham / 206 E. Abraham's Covenant with Yahweh / 211 F. Isaac / 213 G. Jacob and Esau / 216 HISTORY OF RESTORATION / 221 A. Moses / 221 B. Joshua / 231 C. Judges / 234 D. The United Monarchy / 236 E. The Divided Kingdoms / 238 F. Babylonian Exile / 241 G. Preparation for the Messiah / 244 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 247 VIII / CONTENTS HISTORY OF RESTORATION: THE NEW TESTAMENT AGE / 249 CHRISTIANS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE / 249 AGE OF THE PATRIARCHS / 254 UNITED CHRISTIAN EMPIRE / 256 DIVIDED CHRISTENDOM / 258 PAPAL EXILE AND THE RENAISSANCE / 261 PREPARATION FOR THE SECOND ADVENT / 264 A. The Protestant Reformation / 264 B. Two Currents in Modern History / 266 C. Industrial Revolution / 269 D. Democracy and Imperialism / 270 E. Missionary Movement / 273 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 275 CONSUMMATION OF HUMAN HISTORY / 277 RENAISSANCE OF APOCALYPTICISM / 277 A. Nicholai Berdyaev / 277 B. Reinhold Niebuhr / 279 C. Jurgen Moltmann / 280 D. Carl E. Braaten / 281 THE UNIFICATION PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY / 282 THE FINAL JUDGMENT / 285 ONE WORLD / 287 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 294 CONTENTS/ IX THE SECOND ADVENT / 295 NON-APOCALYPTIC VIEWS OF THE COMING CHRIST / 296 CONTEMPORARY APOCALYPTICISM / 301 ORTHODOX DOUBTS AND LIBERAL DENIALS / 305 RESURRECTION / 311 ANTICHRIST / 315 THE SPIRITUAL APOCALYPSE / 317 BIBLIOGRAPHY / 320 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / 321 INDEX / 325 COMMUNICATION SEEMS to be of prime importance in today's life. Despite highly advanced infor- mation systems and global interchange, there is a serious lack of communication between husband and wife, between generations and among groups and nations. Certainly it appears to be a major barrier between the Unification Church and other denominations of the world Christian community. In writing this book I did not intend to present a confession of faith of the Unification Church. My attempt was rather to interpret and explicate Divine Principle or Unification theology from a historical theological viewpoint. Certain expressions in the Divine Principle, the teaching of Reverend Sun Myung Moon, I have found to be convincing and enormously helpful in clarifying my theological questions. Therefore I felt obliged to bridge the Unifi- cation Principle and historical Christian thought for the sake of communication. It is my hope and prayer that this small book will broaden and deepen the thinking and understanding of the members of the Unification Church as well as various Christian denominations. Thus dialogue between them will begin. I want to express my deep gratitude for the diligent research efforts of Reverend Royal Davis and the associate editing of Mr. John Dolen which helped bring this book more quickly to the public. March, 1976 Washington, D.C. Young Oon Kim xi UnlficationTlieoloay 8 ChrlstianThauatit EVERY GENERATION asks the same vital questions about God, man and his destiny but each puts them in some special form. When in 1966 the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church in the Netherlands issued a new and very unusual type of catechism for the laity, among the questions they raised were: "What is the point of this world?" "How did our life begin?" "Is it an accident that things strive upward through such new and wonderful phases—existence, life, feeling, thought?" "Are we then to believe that human history, past, present and future, the whole evolution of the universe, with its pain and anxiety, its loves and joys, and its final end, is a meaningless jest?'' "How can we harmonize all the sickness, disappointments and cruelty of this world with an infinitely good origin?"1 Similar questions have been raised and pondered through the centuries. The prophets and priests of the Hebrew Bible wrestled with them. So have Christian theologians and philosophers of 1 A New Catechism, Herder and Herder, N.Y., 1967, pp. 4, 9, 11, 12, 17. 1 2 / UNIFICATION THEOLOGY & CHRISTIAN THOUGHT religion. Earlier, Greeks from Socrates to Plato to Plotinus consid- ered these questions. Nor were they overlooked by Hindu saints and Moslem sages. Even today these same questions are still being asked by Christians and non-Christians, theists and humanists, dogmatists and doubters. Regardless of one's particular religious faith or lack of it, every individual sooner or later asks himself certain fundamental questions about human nature and destiny. Theology itself is merely the systematic and constructive consideration of these basic queries. A man must find his place in the society of which he is a member. He must relate himself in a positive fashion to the wider universe surrounding him. In short, he must come to terms with God. According to Professor Emil Brunner of Zurich, "The first word of the Bible is the word about the Creator and creation. But that is not simply the first word with which one begins in order to pass on to greater, more important matters. It is the primeval word, the fundamental word supporting everything else. Take it away and everything collapses. Indeed if one rightly understands that which the Bible means by the Creator, he has rightly understood the whole Bible. Everything else is involved in this one word."2 POLARITY: CREATOR AND CREATION An in-depth study of the meaning of creation would suggest answers to the basic questions regarding the Creator posed by the ancient and modern religions. By understanding the relationship of Creator and creature in its many ramifications, one can discover not only the reality and power of God, but also the nature and destiny of man, the value and purpose of the universe, the signifi- cance of human history, and the reasons for our hope of eternal life. Creation relates the human to the divine. It connects human and cosmic purpose. It brings into clear focus the personal and the transpersonal, joining together the reasons why man acts and 2 Emil Brunner, Our Faith, Charles Scribner's Sons, N.Y.,1936, pp. 4, 5. THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATION / 3 aspires as well as the inner causes behind the varied phenomena of nature. The Hebrew Bible (the foundation for Jewish, Christian and Islamic religion) opens with the verse, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." In the Apostles' Creed, the first article is "I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth." In this Hebraic-Christian tradition, God is the ever-active Creator, an infinite and invisible Spirit who fashioned the universe in the light of His perfect reason and holy will. Wherever one looks, he beholds the handiwork of God. Whether we read the creation story in Genesis, the nature hymns in the Psalms or the majestic poetry of the theophany in Job, we are taught that behind and throughout everything visible man can sense the presence of a divine reality. If this be true, the universe reflects the personality of God in much the same way that our facial expressions, gestures and overall appearance reflect our inner nature and attitude. In that sense, the universe becomes God's body. The temporal manifests the trans-temporal or eternal. With what then, does man sense the trans-temporal, the metaphysical—is it done with just our physical eyes? The Beatitudes teach,' 'Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God.'' It is an inner quality, an inner eye, that allows man to sense the living God.